Newsletter October 2020 Investment Partnerships Program Newsletter
MINISTRY OF ECONOMY Paulo Guedes
DEPUTY MINISTRY OF ECONOMY Marcelo Pacheco dos Guaranys
SPECIAL SECRETARY OF THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Martha Seillier
Deputy Special Secretary of the Secretariat for the Investment Partnerships Program Bruno Westin Prado Soares Leal
Chief Advisor to the Special Advisory Service for Investors and New Businesses Robson Eneas de Oliveira
Secretary of Energy, Oil, Gas and Mining Romário de Oliveira Batista
Secretary of Transportation Coordination Thiago Costa Monteiro Caldeira
Secretary of Promotion and Support to Partnerships of Federative Entities Wesley Callegari Cardia
Secretary of Support for Environmental Licensing and Expropriation Rose Mirian Hofmann
Editor Clarissa Alves Machado
Design Téo Fabi Lechensque
Special Secretariat of the Investment Partnerships Program SAUN QUADRA 05, LOTE C, 2º Andar, Torre D - Centro Empresarial CNC - Brasília/DF
www.ppi.gov.br [email protected] (61) 2025-4212
02 EDITORIAL 04 Per ardua ad astra... 04
SPECIAL 06 Support agendas for social infrastructure advance 06
TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS 08 Airports 08 Ministry of Infrastructure launches public notice for studies for the 7th Round of Airports Auctions 08 Highways 09 ANTT approves the concession plan and bidding documents for Nova Dutra concession - BR-116/101 / SP / RJ 09 Ports 11 PPI team visits the Port of Aratu, Bahia 11 Rounds of meetings with interested parties in the auction of terminals in the Port of Santos 12 ANTAQ holds public consultation on the auction of port terminals in Vila do Conde, Pará 13
ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING 14 Manaus-Boa Vista Transmission Line Project resumes activities for environmental licensing 14
PARTNERSHIPS WITH FEDERATIVE ENTITIES FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 15 PPI, Caixa, Ministry of Regional Development and IDB run free course on public-private partnerships 15 CAIXA launches process to enable companies to structure PPP projects via FEP fund 16 Health 16 Technical visit to “Hospital do Subúrbio” and Couto Maia Institute in Salvador, Bahia 16 Urban mobility 18 Decree qualifies project of Line 2 of Belo Horizonte Metro in PPI 18 Social infrastructure 19 BNDES and Teresina (PI) sign contract to carry out studies on PPP in daycare centers 19 Public street lighting 21 PPP auction in public lighting in Sapucaia do Sul (RS) receives eight proposals 21 Auction for public lighting PPP in Macapá (AP) generates discount of 61% 21 2nd Cycle of FEP Projects: contracts with Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Colatina (ES) and Ariquemes (RO) for PPP in public lighting come into force 22 Water and Sanitation 22 AEGEA wins auction for PPP of sewage services in Cariacica (ES) 22 Government of the State of Amapá holds public consultation on project for the PPP of sanitation services 23 Convale (MG): public consultation on the project for the PPP of municipal solid waste services concluded 25 More than 20 Public Consortia are qualified to receive federal support in preparing PPP projects for the management of urban solid waste 25
ENERGY, MINING, OIL&GAS 27 Electric sector 27 TCU approves Transmission Auction nº 01/2020 27 Oil and gas 28 ANP discloses a list of 62 companies/consortia registered in the 2nd Cycle of Open Acreage of areas for oil and gas exploration and production 28 Mining 29 Miriri / PE-PB Phosphate Project moves forward with TCU approval 29 New law improves the National Dam Safety Policy 30
TOURISM AND ENVIRONMENT 32 PPP projects for the National Forests of Canela (RS) and São Francisco de Paula (RS) are filed with TCU 32 BNDES holds bid to hire consultants to structure forestry PPPs 33 ICMBio launches auction notice for the PPP of tourism services in the National Parks of Aparados da Serra and Serra Geral 34
EVENTS AND OTHERS 35 In Portuguese 35 Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Power sector (10/28) 35 Constitution, National Development and Streamline (10/26) 35 Challenges for developing sanitation project structuring models (10/14) 35 Infrastructure investments as a tool for the recovery of economic activity (10/14) 36 Inaugural Class MBA in PPP and Concessions (10/1) 36 In English 36 Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Ports Edition (10/20) 36 Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Turkey Edition (10/5) 36 03 EDITORIAL
Per ardua ad astra... in the auction notice! Projects from north to south of the country took important steps - Another month ends full of positive outcomes in Amapá, the state government initiated a for the projects and policies included in the public consultation for the concession of water Investment Partnerships Program (PPI). In supply and sewage treatment services in all October, we obtained important results in the 16 municipalities of the state; in Minas Gerais, most diverse sectors - from airports to public the inter-municipal consortium led by Uberaba daycare centers, including the sectors of energy, concluded the public consultation stage for mining, sanitation, public lighting - and we have the urban solid waste PPP, which has had wide already started the preparations for the next popular participation. meeting of the PPI Council, which should add new initiatives to our portfolio. In the energy and mining areas, we also had excellent news: this month, the Federal Court of The support of the Federal Government to the federative entities to promote regional development continues in full swing: in the area of public lighting, the auction to establish a PPP in Macapá, carried out with support from BNDES, generated a discount of 61% in relation to the maximum amount established in the auction notice, with projected investments of BRL 100 million to be made by the winning consortium. Next month, we will have PPP auctions in Sapucaia do Sul (RS) and Belém (PA). And more is coming: in October, three more municipalities joined the partnerships in this sector, through the 2nd cycle of FEP projects in public lighting.
In the sanitation area, the auction of sewage services in Cariacica (ES) was carried out, won by AEGEA, which offered a tariff value per m3 of treated wastewater 38.12% lower than that established as the maximum value Martha Seillier Special Secretary for the Investment Partnerships Program
04 EDITORIAL
Accounts – TCU approved the Transmission make investments in the sector, with better Auction 01/2020 and the auction session is services for passengers and airlines. already scheduled for December 17th. The Miriri Phosphate Mining Project / PE-PB (a Finally, I would like to highlight the publication fundamental initiative to ensure the safe by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity supply of fertilizers to Brazilian agribusiness) Conservation - ICMBIO of the auction notice was also unanimously approved by the Court. for the PPP of the National Parks of Aparados It is also important to highlight the resumption da Serra and Serra Geral, in the states of Santa of activities for environmental licensing of the Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. The auction Manaus-Boa Vista Transmission Line project, session will take place on December 15. This which involves the translation of technical project marks the beginning of a new agenda documents into the Waimiri-Atroari language. at PPI, hand in hand with the Ministry of the The project has an extension of approximately Environment, seeking innovative solutions 700 km, of which 123 km cross the Waimiri- to address the lack of public resources for Atroari indigenous land. It is of fundamental investments in a significant extension of importance for the state of Roraima, which national parks across the country. We know has the only capital in the country that does the potential of this segment to attract not receive energy from the Brazilian National tourists, with sustainability, generating jobs Interconnected System (NIS). and intensifying mechanisms for preserving the parks. Also this month, the Ministry of Infrastructure published the call for studies for modeling It is not easy to overcome obstacles and the 7th Round of Airport PPPs. Scheduled make changes, especially structural changes. for 2022, this auction will cover 17 airports, Building a new Brazil requires hard work, including Santos Dumont airport, in Rio courage and a fair amount of resilience. The de Janeiro, and Congonhas airport, in São PPI team of the federal government has a lot Paulo. The completion of the last round of of faith in this project of a modern, efficient, major airport PPPs, today managed by the sustainable, and truly inclusive Brazil. This SOE Infraero, is getting closer and closer! It faith renews our spirit in serving the country is the consolidation of a successful model of day after day. Good reading! attracting experienced private partners to
05 SPECIAL
2019, an important step towards overcoming the shortage of places in Brazil. Currently, Support agendas for only 1/3 of Brazilian children under the age social infrastructure of three have access to the service, which has a strong impact on the lives of the poorest advance families.
The Investment Partnerships Program “Since 2019, PPI has been working with (PPI) agendas to support public-private subnational entities, giving all the support to partnerships in the area of social strengthen and expand interaction with the infrastructure have advanced. An example are private sector. The objective is for us to be the PPP projects for public daycare centers, able to disseminate more efficient models, conducted by PPI in partnership with the reducing the shortage of places through BNDES, Ministry of Education and federative partnerships”, highlights the Program's entities. Special Secretary, Martha Seillier.
In October, BNDES signed a contract with the consultancy that will be in charge of Health preparing a project for the construction, In line with the project for preparing childcare modernization and operation of up to 40 new PPPs to expand access to public services, the daycare centers in Teresina, capital of Piauí PPI team has been studying PPPs that already state. In September, the consultancy that will exist in the health sector in Brazil in order to carry out the studies to prepare a pilot project find ways to increase their number. This is in Maceió, capital of the state of Alagoas, was the reason why Decree No. 10.530 / 2020, selected. The initiative will make it possible published on October 27, qualified the policy to assign to private partners the mission of for promoting the primary health care sector building, managing, operating, conserving within the PPI portofolio. and maintaining up to 67 new educational units in the municipality's Metropolitan “Qualifying the primary health care policy Region, through the administrative within PPI allows us to select states and concession regime. municipalities interested in receiving support from the Federal Government to carry out The Ministry of Education's (MEC) policy feasibility studies and prepare these PPPs to promote children public education was projects, with the maintenance of universal qualified in the PPI through Decree 10134 / public access – just like we already do with 06 daycare centers”, explains Martha Seillier.
Currently, there are more than 3,000 Basic Health Units (UBS) with unfinished works that, according to the Ministry of Health, have already consumed BRL 1.7 billion in resources from the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). There are no public resources available to continue them. A World Bank study has pointed out that Primary Health Care services have an efficiency of 63% in the country and an annual waste of BRL 9.3 billion.
PPPs in the health area already exist in Brazil and are a reference in providing care services to the population. Some examples can be observed, as in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, which granted the works and services to support the Primary Health Care Network to the private sector in 2016. The contract provides for the construction and maintenance of 40 Health Centers.
Another example can be found in the city of Salvador (BA), where lies the first PPP in the health care sector inaugurated in Brazil, the so called “Hospital do Subúrbio”. It came into operation in September 2010 and represented a breakthrough – for almost 20 years, no public hospital had been inaugurated in the metropolitan region of Salvador. In all cases, SUS's public and universal nature has been maintained.
The PPP in Salvador is internationally recognized: in 2015, it was awarded in the category "Improvement in the provision of public services" in the United Nations Public Service Awards (UNPSA). In 2013, it won the “Emerging Partnerships” award from the International Finance Corporation - World Bank/ Infrastructure Journal, which is granted to the 10 best PPP projects in Latin America and the Caribbean.
All over the world, there are several other examples of successful PPPs in the health sector, such as the McHill University Health Center in Montreal, Canada, which the largest hospital investment in the Americas. In Austria, there is the initiative to build and remodel the Wilhelmine Hospital, with an investment of 55 million euros. In France, the Hospital Logistic Center, in Belfort, is a PPP with 25 years of operation and investments of 40 million euros.
Revoke Decree nº 10.530 / 2020, published with a wording similar to Decree nº 10.134 / 2019 for daycare centers, was revoked by President Jair Bolsonaro as it provoked enormous upheaval.
“Unfortunately, the text was poorly understood, sparking criticism in the press after its publication. But we hope to re-open this discussion very soon, since it is extremely important for the country and has nothing to do with SUS privatization. The idea is that private partners will perform the operational management, whereas the public policy will continue to be carried out by the Ministry of Health, maintaining SUS free for all residents”, concludes the Special Secretary of the PPI.
07 TRANSPORTATION AND Airports LOGISTICS
Ministry of Infrastructure launches public notice for studies for the 7th Round of Airports Auctions
The Ministry of Infrastructure published on October 8th a Public Call for Studies to subsidize the modeling of PPPs for 17 airports through the 7th Round of Auctions in the airport sector. The 7th Round is scheduled for 2022 and includes the airports of Santos Dumont, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and Congonhas, in the city of São Paulo.
Interested parties must file an authorization request with the National Civil Aviation Secretariat - SAC within 60 days. After receiving the authorization term, the studies have to be submitted in a 180-days-term, which may be extended by the Aviation Secretariat.
The projects, surveys, investigations and technical studies must cover market studies; engineering and related studies; environmental and economic-financial assessments. The Ministry of Infrastructure will set up a Commission to evaluate and select proposals.
The complete public notice is available in: https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/ edital-de-chamamento-publico-de- estudos-n-5/2020-281836332 (Portuguese).
08 TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS
Highways
ANTT approves the concession plan and bidding documents for Nova Dutra concession - BR- 116/101 / SP / RJ
The board of the Brazilian Land Transportation submitted to the Federal Court of Accounts Agency (ANTT) approved, in a meeting held (TCU). on October 27, the Granting Plan and bidding documents for the concession of BR-116/101 The concession contract of BR-116 / RJ / / SP / RJ. The project is under evaluation by SP currently in force concerns a 402-km- the Ministry of Infrastructure and later will be length section that connects the two largest
09 metropolitan regions in the country, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro (Via-Dutra), and should expire in March 2021.
The new concession contract will include, in addition to Via Dutra, the section of BR-101 that connects the city of Rio de Janeiro to Ubatuba, on the north coast of São Paulo. Together, all sections have a total length of 626 km.
The project was deliberated at the 2nd Meeting of the PPI Council, having been qualified in the PPI portfolio through Decree No. 9,059/2017.
The new concession project involves investments of BRL 14.5 billion, including 80 km of lane duplication, 317 km of additional lanes, 151 km of service/frontage roads, 154 devices and intersections (such as cloverleaf interchanges, returns, rotaries and grade separations), 128 pedestrian overpass, 4 truck drivers rest stops, among other interventions.
In the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, investments will be made to improve fluidity and security for local and long distance users. To achieve this objective, an expressway for long-distance travel will be implemented, as well as new service/frontage roads, access loops, tidal lanes, and traffic and lighting monitoring and management equipment.
For those who choose to use the expressway, even for shorter journeys, there will be a free-flow system, with the installation of frames along the expressway to electronically charge a km-based fee.
In the state of Rio de Janeiro, plans include a new ascending roadway in Serra das Araras, the construction of viaducts and a tunnel and the adaptation of the current ascending roadway to be a descending runway. At the end, there will be 4 traffic lanes per direction.
On BR-101, the section between the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro and Angra dos Reis is to be duplicated, tunnels will be constructed and overtaking lanes will be implemented.
The project incorporates several innovations, among which we can mention: the adoption of a hybrid criterion for the auction (lower tariff, with a maximum discount of 15.31%, and greater concession fee/bonus); hedge mechanism; tripartite agreement; greater clarity in the rules for early termination of contract; separate tariffs for single lane and double lane traffic; seasonal tariff on BR-101 (reduced on weekdays); discount for frequent users; modern management and operation systems; road safety IRap technology; intelligent lighting; remote management systems; and a program to neutralize carbon emissions related to the concession operation (Carbon Zero Program).
10 Ports the PPI Special Secretary, Martha Seillier.
The terminals are prepared for solid bulk, PPI team visits the especially soybeans (ATU18) and fertilizers (ATU12), being crucial to meet the demands Port of Aratu, Bahia of agricultural production in MATOPIBA - a region that covers areas in the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia (the On October 22, the team of the PPI Special name “Matopiba” is an acronym formed Secretariat made a technical visit to the with the initial letters of these five Brazilian port terminals ATU12 and ATU18, in Aratu, states). Bahia. The terminals have been qualified in the PPI portfolio in August 2019 and will be The auction notices are available at ANTAQ`s auctioned this year. website: http://www.antaq.gov.br.
“In December, together with the Ministry of More information about each terminal: Infrastructure, CODEBA, ANTAQ and EPL we ATU12: brownfield project of approximately will hold the auction of these two solid bulk 160,000m², with an expected average terminals at the Port of Aratu, which will handling of two million tons/year. Projected bring BRL 400 million in new investments. investments are worth BRL 250 million over We visited the port today and we are very the 25 years of contractual term. impressed with its size – we have envisaged new possibilities of partnership”, stressed ATU18: greenfield project, with an
11 estimated area of 51,600 m². Designed to about the new version of the draft auction handle 8 million tons/year at the end of the notice, contract, respective annexes contract. Projected investments are worth and feasibility studies, with changes BRL 120 million throughout the 15 years of introduced after the public hearing stage. contractual term. In addition to those interested parties, the meetings were attended by Rounds of representatives of the Special Secretariat of the Investment Partnerships Program meetings with (SPPI), of the National Secretariat of Ports interested parties and Water Transport of the Ministry of Infrastructure (SNPTA / MInfra), Secretariat in the auction of of Promotion, Planning and Partnerships terminals in the of the Ministry of Infrastructure (SFPP / MInfra), the National Waterway Transport Port of Santos Agency (ANTAQ), the Planning and Logistics Company - EPL and the Santos With the proximity of the delivery of Port Authority (SPA) studies for the purpose of bidding for port terminals STS08 and STS08A for The companies that expressed interest in evaluation by the Federal Court of participating and made an appointment Accounts and subsequent adjustments, it were: Garín Investimentos, Ultracargo, was understood as necessary to intensify Stolthaven, Agência Porto, Raízen, Santos the agenda between the government and Brasil, BR Distribuidora, Terrafirma the various actors participating in the Consultoria, Transpetro, Petrobras, MIND process, potential investors and funders Engenharia Portuária, Vopak and ABA of the project. Infraestrutura e Logística.
In this context, the Special Secretariat After those present at the meeting of the Investment Partnerships Program introduced themselves and the PPI team (SPPI) held from October 13 to 16, explained the dynamics of the meetings, 2020 a round of 60-minute one-on- the SNPTA made a a brief presentation one meetings, pre-scheduled with 12 about the changes introduced in the registered participants. The meetings project (the PPT is available at PPI were aimed at receiving feedback from website). After this presentation, the interested parties regarding the proposed government team opened the floor for modeling for STS08, clarifying doubts 12 questions and comments. During the recommendations to improve the bidding one-on-one meetings, specific points documents using a specific form, available of the project were discussed, such as on the regulatory agency's website: http:// operational studies and engineering portal.antaq.gov.br. The public consultation aspects. There were many favorable will end on 11/18. opinions about the changes introduced in As part of the efforts to guarantee the the studies after the public consultation. transparency of the process, ANTAQ also held, on October 21, a public hearing in virtual format. The event is available at: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list= PLUx7SBS9VtlAtxL8jL3_XhzHjeQcRsSzn (Portugues only).
About the Terminals The VDC10 terminal is intended for the handling and storage of mineral bulk. Its qualification in the PPI portfolio was recommended during the 12th meeting of the PPI Council and formalized by presidential decree 10.330/2020.
ANTAQ holds public The draft auction notice and contract are at ANTAQ´s website http://portal.antaq. consultation on gov.br/index.php/audiencia-publica-no-14- the auction of port 2020-antaq/ terminals in Vila do The VDC10A is intended for the handling of Conde, Pará liquid bulk, especially chemicals such as caustic soda. Information on the bidding
ANTAQ began on October 10th a public documents is available at ANTAQ’s website consultation on the auction of terminals http://portal.antaq.gov.br/index.php/ VDC10 and VDC10A, in the Port of Vila do audiencia-publica-no-15-2020-antaq/ Conde, state of Pará.
Interested parties may submit
13 ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING
companies have not yet obtained the necessary Manaus-Boa Vista installation license to start the works. For that, Transmission Line it is necessary the Basic Environmental Plan, whose analysis is in charge of the National Project resumes Indian Foundation (Funai), since the facilities activities for will need to cross indigenous lands. environmental Waimiri-Atroari licensing The resumption of the environmental licensing stage involves the translation of technical The procedures regarding the indigenous documents about the project into the language component of the Basic Environmental Plan of the Waimiri-Atroari ethnic group, followed by for the licensing of the Manaus-Boa Vista the indigenous people's manifestation about Transmission Line were resumed on October the proposed environmental programs. 20. The steps required for the project, which aims to link the State of Roraima to the Brazilian The Waimiri-Atroari people will translate the National Interconnected System (NIS), have documents with the support of linguists who been stalled since March due to the Covid-19 followed a 14-day quarantine protocol and pandemic. testing before entering indigenous lands. The consultation process with the indigenous Boa Vista is the only capital in the country that group is the last step for issuing the Installation is not part of the NIS. The interconnection License. aims to minimize the dependence on the energy generated by thermoelectric plants, The Basic Environmental Plan presents the supplied with diesel oil, which result in high and mitigating and compensatory measures to increasing costs. make the project feasible, minimizing negative impacts and maximizing positive ones. Among Tendered in 2011, the transmission line is under the compensation measures, there are plans the responsibility of a consortium, but the and activities to be carried out by the indigenous 14 people themselves, through the Waimiri-Atroari The project Community Association (ACWA). The transmission line that will connect Roraima to Amazonas will be about 700 kilometers long. Due to the extreme relevance of the project The project involves the implementation of for the electric energy service of Roraima and 1,440 towers, with 70 m of easement. About considering the reduction of energy costs for 123 km of the line will be installed within the all consumers in the country, the PPI is helping Waimiri-Atroari indigenous land, bordering streamline the process through its Secretary for the highway called BR-174, which connects Supporting Environmental License, in order to Roraima to Manaus. accelerate the process as well as ensuring its legal certainty. The Preliminary License for the project was issued by the Brazilian Environmental Institute (Ibama) in December 2015 - LP nº 522/2015 - and updated in February 2016. It is valid for five years. PARTNERSHIPS WITH FEDERATIVE ENTITIES FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
PPI, Caixa, Ministry of with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), CAIXA and the Ministry of Regional Regional Development Development (MDR), are running the course “PPP for Development 2.0: Implementing and IDB run free course Solutions in Brazil, Latin America and the on public-private Caribbean”.
partnerships The objective is to train public servants and employees of the federal government, states, municipalities, inter-municipal consortia, The Special Secretariat of the Investment CAIXA and BNDES that work directly in Partnerships Program (SPPI), in partnership
15 the preparation, support, structuring and Partnerships projects for sectors such as Water monitoring of PPPs. Supply, Sanitation, Urban Solid Waste, Public Lighting and Urban Drainage. Prequalification The six-weeks course was created using MOOC will be valid for one year, renewable for an (Massive Open Online Course) format and is equal period, and will replace the previous provided through IDB's distance education registration that expired in early October. platform (IDBx). It will start on November 3. Experiences from international institutions will be shared with the aim of helping reduce The deadline for submitting documentation for knowledge gaps in the effective use of PPPs, prequalification is one year (October 7th, 2021). offering ideas, solutions and lessons learned Information on how to register is available at to deal with challenges or restrictions to the https://www.ppi.gov.br/consultoriasfep technical and administrative capacities of the public sector in the region. Health The lessons apply to different sectors such as infrastructure, health, education, broadband and the fiscal sector, taking into account Technical visit sundry national contexts in countries such as to “Hospital do Brazil, Peru, Mexico and Colombia. Subúrbio” and Couto Maia Institute in CAIXA launches Salvador, Bahia process to enable companies to Representatives of the Special Secretariat for the Investment Partnerships Program structure PPP (SEPPI), BNDES, Ministry of Health and GHC - Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (public company projects via FEP fund linked to the Ministry of Health) carried out in October technical visits to “Hospital Caixa Econômica Federal (CAIXA) launched do Subúrbio” (10/20) and the Couto Maia a public notice on October 7th to form a Institute (10/21), in Salvador (BA). list of pre-qualified companies to provide specialized consultancy services to the Federal The purpose of the visit was to collect Government's Fund for Supporting PPP subsidies to guide the federal government's Projects (FEP). efforts to expand the agenda of public-private partnerships in the health sector, in order to The companies will be selected to carry out ensure broad coverage and quality of public Modeling and Structuring of Public-Private health care services.
16 “Good examples of PPPs need to be replicated in Brazil. We have a great lack of health infrastructure in several municipalities and we can optimize public spending in this sector with more efficiency and better services to the population”, says PPI Special Secretary, Martha Seillier. “We believe that hospital PPPs will be the path to this transformation in Brazil”, she adds.
Public service, private management Signed in May 2010, the administrative concession contract for the “Hospital do Subúrbio” established the first public-private partnership (PPP) in the health sector in Brazil. The begging of operations in September 2010 represented a breakthrough – for almost 20 years, no public hospital had been inaugurated in the metropolitan region of Salvador.
The partnership is internationally recognized: in 2015, it was awarded in the category "Improvement in the provision of public services" in the United Nations Public Service Awards (UNPSA). In 2013, it won the “Emerging Partnerships” award from the International Finance Corporation - World Bank/ Infrastructure Journal, which is granted to the 10 best PPP projects in Latin America and the Caribbean.
The Couto Maia Institute (Icom) was the second Bahian experience of Public-Private Partnership. Opened in 2018, the hospital specializes in infectious and contagious diseases rampant in Brazil. The agility in solving problems and in responding to the demands of the medical teams and the promptness in the service provided to users created by the PPP model have resulted in excellent performance in the provision of services.
17 in the PPI portfolio was deliberated during Urban mobility the last meeting of the PPI Council, held on June 10th, and considered the synergy between the expansion of the Calafete- Decree qualifies Barreiro Line and Line 1 (connecting the cities of Eldorado and Vilarinho), run by the project of Line 2 Brazilian Urban Trains Company (CBTU). of Belo Horizonte CBTU, a state-owned company linked to Metro in PPI the Ministry of Regional Development that operates in the field of urban and Decree 10525/2020, published on October metropolitan passenger transport, was 21st, qualified in the PPI portfolio the qualified in the PPI and included in the project of Line 2 for the Belo Horizonte National Privatization Plan - PND in 2019. Metropolitan Region Metro (section connecting the cities of Calafete and Auction in 2021 Barreiro), state of Minas Gerais. The project to expand the metro system through Line 2 was initiated by the Brazilian The objective is to carry out feasibility Federal Government in 1998 and paralyzed studies, as well as assessments of in 2004, with approximately 64% of the alternatives for partnerships with the stretch's infrastructure being executed. private sector. The initiative will have the support of the Ministry of Regional Once in operation, the line will connect Development (MDR). the southwest region to the central region of the capital of Minas Gerais, serving 50 The recommendation to include the project thousand passengers per day. Among the
18 regions benefiting from the expansion of modeling will be jointly structured by the the subway system, Barreiro stands out: it Teresina City Hall, the Ministry of Education is home to around 300,000 inhabitants and and the Special Secretariat for PPI, and is the second busiest city in Belo Horizonte. will be carried out by a consortium led by Accenture. The auction should be held in the third quarter of 2021. Access to education The initiative is part of the Ministry of Education policy to promote children public education, which was qualified in Social infrastructure the PPI through Decree 10.134 / 2019.
The purspose is to reduce the shortage BNDES and Teresina of places in daycare centers through partnerships, with efficiency and quality (PI) sign contract gains in the provision of public early to carry out studies childhood education services in the states, on PPP in daycare the Federal District and the municipalities, in order to guarantee the right to education. centers The objective is to develop a contractual On October 8th, BNDES and the city of partnership model with the private sector Teresina signed a contract to carry out capable of reducing the deficit of places studies aimed at establishing a public- and increasing the efficiency and quality private partnership in the area of early in the provision of public early childhood childhood education. education services. The model should be replicated in the rest of the country The partnership aims to build, modernize as states and municipalities apply to the and operate up to 40 new daycare centers program. in the city, capital of Piauí state. The
19 In the PPP model, access to education Public audience will remain free, and the government will The studies conducted by BNDES will continue to be responsible for defining define the modeling of the project and the pedagogical and didactic plans. The structuring of the partnership, covering private partner will be responsible for the technical, economic, financial and construction and operation of the units, environmental aspects. They will serve as a and will be paid by the government. reference to prepare the set of documents necessary for bidding and contractual According to data from the Ministry of management (notice, contract, etc.). Education, there is an acute shortage in the early childhood education system: 1.9 Once completed, the studies will be million new places are needed to meet submitted to a public consultation so demand, which requires an increase of 52% that all interested parties can evaluate considering the number offered in 2018. the modeling of the partnership in all its aspects, in addition to making their Currently, only a third of Brazilian children contributions. aged 0 to 3 years have access to daycare centers. This shortfall of infrastructure and services disproportionately affects the poorest families.
20 Public street Auction for public lighting lighting PPP in Macapá (AP) generates discount PPP auction in of 61% public lighting in
Sapucaia do Sul On October 7th, the public lighting services (RS) receives eight auction in Macapá (AP) was held. The proposals winner was the consortium formed by Enel X Brasil, Mobit and Selt Engenharia, which defeated four other bidders with the offer The Public-Private Partnership project for of BRL 492,276.33 in maximum monthly public lighting in the municipality of Sapucaia consideration, which represented a do Sul (RS), prepared with support from the discount of 61% in relation to the maximum Federal Government through the Support limit defined. Fund for the Structuring of Concession and PPP Projects (FEP), received, on October The winner assumes responsibility for 27, eight proposals from interested parties. The auction session will be held on 11/06, at modernizing, expanding and operating the B3, together with that of the municipality of municipal public lighting network in the Belém (PA). capital of Amapá for a period of 20 years, with the prospect of making investments of The initiative involves the modernization and BRL 100 million. The project was prepared maintenance of 13,000 public lighting points, with support from BNDES and includes the using LED lamps and remote management, replacement of 34,000 points of light by LED with an estimate of at least 50% energy luminaires within two years. savings. The project was structured by the PPI in partnership with Caixa and the Ministry of Regional Development and is part of a group As a result of the PPP, a reduction of of initiatives supported by the World Bank almost 50% in the municipality's energy Group through the International Finance consumption is expected. The initiative Corporation (IFC) and the Global Infrastructure also meets the objectives of the Ministry of Facility. Justice and Public Security (MJSP) for its potential for reducing crime.
21 2nd Cycle of FEP Through the use of LED lamps and remote Projects: contracts management resources, the modernization with Nova Iguaçu of public lighting points helps reduce energy consumption, improve the quality of services (RJ), Colatina (ES) and increase the feeling of security. and Ariquemes (RO) for PPP in public Water and lighting come into Sanitation force
In October, the contracts were signed by the AEGEA wins auction municipalities of Nova Iguaçu (RJ), Colatina for PPP of sewage (ES) and Ariquemes (RO) with the Support services in Cariacica Fund (FEP) to carry out projects in the area of public lighting. The FEP is one of the main (ES) instruments of the Federal Government to promote PPPs by states and municipalities. The Espirito Santo State Water and Sanitation Company (CESAN) held on The structuring of the PPPs will be carried October 20 the auction session for the PPP out by Caixa Econômica Federal with support of sewage services in the municipality of from the Ministry of Regional Development. In Cariacica, in the metropolitan region of the projects, the private partner (which may Vitória (ES). The preparation of the project be a company or a consortium of companies) was supported by BNDES, the Ministry of is responsible for financing, developing, Regional Development and the PPI. modernizing, expanding, operating and maintaining the municipal lighting systems. In total, seven consortia submitted
22 proposals. The winner was the AEGEA This is the second PPP in the sanitation consortium, which offered the lowest sector carried out since the edition of the wastewater tariff value, BRL 0.99 / m3, which new sanitation regulatory framework. The represents a 38.12% discount in relation to first was the PPP for water and sewage the value established in the auction notice services in the Metropolitan Region of (BRL 1.60 / m3). Maceió (AL), won by BRK Participações, last September, which generated a concession Investments fee of BRL 2 billion to the state government. The private partner should expand, maintain and operate the sewage system and support CESAN's commercial management in the municipality of Cariacica, in addition to Government of the performing sewage treatment for districts in the neighbor municipality of Viana. State of Amapá holds public The goal is to expand access to sanitation services to 95% of the population. This consultation on result requires investments of BRL 580 project for the million in the next 30 years, and 70% must be made in the first 10 years of the contract. PPP of sanitation services CESAN will remain responsible for water supply services in the municipality and The Government of the State of Amapá for the commercial management of water started on October 9th a public consultation and wastewater tariffs, acting as contract on the PPP project for sanitation services. inspector. The objective is to ensure universal access Sanitation policy to water supply and wastewater treatment The project for the PPP of sewage services for the 16 municipalities of Amapá, in in Cariacica and Viana is part of the policy compliance with the new legal framework to promote the water and sanitation sector, for sanitation, sanctioned in July this year. which was qualified under the PPI portfolio through Decree 10.187/2019 to enable Regionalization studies of alternatives of partnerships with This is yet another PPP initiative for the private sector to universalize water and sanitation services structured in blocks sanitation services in Brazil. of municipalities, in accordance with the guidelines provided in the new legal 23 framework to stimulate the regionalization accountability to the municipalities. of service provision. Social impact The first was the PPP in the metropolitan According do estimates, BRL 3 billion region of Maceió, state of Alagoas, whose should be invested in the state of Amapá auction was held last September. Won by to universalize sanitation services. Effects BRK participações, it generated a concession will be especially positive for those who fee of BRL 2 billion to the state government. live in the so-called “undertows” (ressaca) areas, which endure the effects of tidal The studies that guide the project were movements. conducted by BNDES. The winning private partner must ensure that all Amapá The Public Prosecutor's Office for the municipalities reach 99% coverage of water Environment of Amapá State estimates that supply and at least 90% coverage of sewage 20% of the state's population lives in these services in urban areas. flooded areas, where the negative impact of sanitation is even greater. Currently, only 38% of the state's 751,000 inhabitants have access to treated water This project is part of the policy for and even fewer - 7% - have wastewater promoting the basic sanitation sector in collection and treatment services. Brazil, which was qualified under the PPI portfolio by Decree 10.187/2019 to enable The Regulatory Agency for Public Services studies on alternative partnerships with the of Amapá - ARSAP will be responsible for private sector. monitoring the contract and guarantee
24 In addition to BNDES, the project has The operation, structured through the support of the Ministry of Regional the Support of the FEP Fund, involves Development (MDR). The results of the investments of BRL 911 million (CAPEX + public consultation will be published at the OPEX). website www.saneamento.bndes.gov.br. The contract will be effective for 30 years. The auction notice must be published in Convale (MG): public December this year, with proposals open in February 2021. consultation on the project for the PPP of municipal More than 20 Public solid waste services Consortia are concluded qualified to receive federal support The public consultation for the PPP of in preparing PPP urban solid waste management services in municipalities of the Consortium for Regional projects for the Development of the Vale do Rio Grande - management of CONVALE/MG was concluded on October 7th. CONVALE released a report on the public urban solid waste consultation at http://amvale.org.br/docs/ convales/1603280483.pdf (Portuguese only). On October 1st, the Federal Government Support Fund for the Structuring of PPP This is the first bidding process for a urban Projects - FEP published the list of public solid waste PPP structured in PPI portfolio, and covers the municipalities of Uberaba, consortia qualified to receive assistance to Sacramento, Campo Florido, Conceição das carry out PPP projects related to common Alagoas, Delta, Água Comprida, Veríssimo services for the management of Urban Solid and Planura. Waste (result of the Public Call nº 01/2020).
25 Of the total 41 consortia registered, 23 were consortia legally constituted with a view to qualified, covering 304 municipalities in eight regional solutions for the management of states - Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, the services and serving between two and 20 Mato Grosso, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Sul, contiguous municipalities, totaling more than Santa Catarina and São Paulo - and totaling 300,000 inhabitants, have been considered 9.9 million entitled inhabitants. eligible.
The list of qualified consortia is available States, the Federal District and the Public at https://bit.ly/2Sga8WX. They will be Consortia of Municipalities themselves were summoned according to the order of able to submit proposals, which should also classification and availability of FEP resources. consider the commitment to charge for the provision of services after the structuring of Criteria the future concession. Only proposals for the benefit of public As for prioritization, the process sought to
26 prioritize proposals that would benefit a in the State Plan for Integrated Management, larger number of inhabitants; that included possession of prior environmental permits municipalities with a fee or tariff already for treatment or final destination structures charged, greater deficits in the provision of and the highest percentage offered by the the service and / or that presented a Municipal applicant in relation to the contract value Plan or Integrated Regional Management Plan were also considered in the prioritization. for the management of Urban Solid Waste. Adherence to the regionalization proposed
ENERGY, MINING, OIL&GAS
Electric sector
TCU approves Transmission Auction nº 01/2020
The Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) approved the Transmission Auction nº 1/2020 of the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency - Aneel on October 21st. The bidding documents had been filed with the Court in August this year. The public auction session is scheduled for 12/17.
27 The Transmission Auction 1/2020 comprises The initiative involves investments of BRL the concession of a public electricity 7.4 billion and the generation of more than transmission service for the construction, 15,000 direct jobs, distributed in nine states operation and maintenance of transmission of the Federation (Amazonas; Bahia and facilities that will form part of the Basic Network Ceará; Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul; Espírito of the National Interconnected System. The Santo, Minas Gerais and São Paulo; Rio event includes 1,958 km of transmission lines Grande do Sul). and 6,420 MVA of transformation capacity, distributed in 11 lots.
enrollment of six more companies for the Oil and gas 2nd Cycle of Open Acreage of areas for oil and gas exploration and production. There are now 62 companies registered. ANP discloses a list of 62 The Open Acreage consists of the continuous companies/consortia offer of exploratory blocks and areas with marginal accumulations located in any registered in the 2nd Cycle onshore or offshore basins. It was provided of Open Acreage of areas for in the Resolution 17/2017 of the National Energy Policy Council - CNPE. Presidential for oil and gas exploration Decree 10.479 / 2020, published on and production September 1st, 2020, qualified the areas in Open Acreage for Exploration and Production of Oil and Natural Gas in the PPI portfolio. On October 6, the Special Bidding Commission of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural ANP opened the 2nd Cycle on September 11, Gas and Biofuels (ANP) approved the
28 after approving the declaration of sectors The complete list of companies is available of interest, accompanied by a guarantee of at:http://rodadas.anp.gov.br/pt/oferta- supply. The public presentation session for permanente/inscricao-de-licitantes. the 2nd Cycle of Open Acreage is scheduled for early December.
covering an area of 6,112.18 hectares in the Mining states of Pernambuco and Paraíba. The data collected during the mineral research carried out by CPRM points to the existence of 114.7 Miriri / PE-PB million tons of ore with an average content Phosphate Project of 4.19% phosphate (P2O5 - phosphorus moves forward with pentoxide). TCU approval The chemical compound is one of the main inputs for the production of mineral fertilizers, being widely used by agribusiness. On October 28th, the Federal Court of It is considered strategic because Brazil Accounts (TCU) unanimously approved depends largely on imports of the product to the Miriri Phosphate / PE-PB project, for meet domestic demand. the auction of mining rights owned by the Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM, state Investments owned company). The Auction Notice should Should the project result in the be published in the coming days. implementation of mines, investments could reach nearly BRL 190 million. It is also The Project covers seven mining processes, expected to generate new jobs and increase
29 tax revenue. Another initiative is the copper project in Auction criteria will be the highest offer of Bom Jardim de Goiás (GO), which should be signature bonuses. The winner must carry examined by the TCU in the coming days. The out further research in the area; if, in the auction notice is expected to be published end, the research works prove the economic this year. viability of the production of phosphate concentrate, the winner must pay CPRM BRL The coal from Candiota (RS) and kaolin from 2.6 million as a discovery bonus, in addition Rio Capim (PA) projects, which are still under to 1% of the gross sales revenue as royalties. study, have the auctions expected for 2021.
Flexibility In addition to the five projects already A peculiarity of this project is the possibility qualified in PPI, CPRM holds another 25 of converting the project to agromineral mining assets that are expected to be offered production (for use and direct application to the private sector in the coming years. in the soil), whether the complete project These are areas with significant mineral (production of phosphate concentrate) does potential, but which have been unexploited not prove to be economically viable. for more than 30 years.
In this case, the winner of the auction will be exempted from the payment of the discovery bonus, remaining only the requirement New law improves to pay the subscription bonus and, in the the National Dam operational phase, the fixed royalty of 1%. Safety Policy This alternative expands the economic possibilities of the project and should On October 1, president Jair Bolsonaro increase the attractiveness of the auction, enacted Federal Law 14.066 / 2020, which allowing other economic agents to show interest in the asset. amended the National Dam Safety Policy.
Mineral heritage of CPRM Conceived after two serious accidents The Miriri / PB-PE Phosphate project is one involving dam breach events in Brazil - of the five mining assets owned by CPRM the disasters in Mariana (MG), in 2015, that have been qualified in the PPI portfolio and Brumadinho (MG), in 2019, which so far. The first (Polymetallic Complex generated dramatic human, material of Palmeirópolis - TO) was successfully and environmental losses -, the law auctioned in November 2019. encourages the improvement of mining
30 companies' governance / compliance previously released and deposited). regarding dam safety. Considered less safe, this was the construction method adopted in both The new policy also attributes more dams that broke in Minas Gerais. effective tools to the regulatory and inspection bodies - namely, the National Miners will have until February 2022 Mining Agency (ANM), the Brazilian to complete the de-characterization of Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL) dams built or raised by this method. The and the National Water Agency (ANA) - to deadline may be extended by ANM, subject ensure that the legislation is effectively to technical feasibility. enforced. The new law also increases up to BRL “We followed closely the conception of 1 billion the fine to be imposed in case the bill that allowed the improvement of non-compliance with applicable of the National Dam Safety Policy, legislation and expressly establishes the seeking to ensure a balanced standard. miner's duty to prevent disasters, carry The new law contributes to allocating out the environmental recovery of the greater responsibility to agents towards impacted areas, the closure of the mine safety, without, however, establishing and the decommissioning of all facilities, unreasonable regulatory barriers”, including tailings dams, according to the explains PPI Mining Director, Frederico determinations and guidelines of the Munia Machado. competent bodies and entities. It also allows the supervisory body to demand Changes from the entrepreneur, under the terms Law 14.066 / 2020 expressly prohibits of the regulation, the non-cumulative the construction or raising of mining presentation of collateral, insurance, dams by the upstream method (in which surety or other financial or real guarantees the containment dikes are supported by for the repair of damages to human life, the tailings themselves or by sediment the environment and public property.
31 TOURISM AND ENVIRONMENT
of 557 hectares, with altitudes ranging PPP projects for the from 740 to 840 meters, and has a vocation National Forests of for adventure tourism. The São Francisco Canela (RS) and São de Paula National Forest has an area of 1606 hectares, with altitudes above 900 Francisco de Paula meters. Both are located in a nationally (RS) are filed with consolidated tourist destination, the “Serra TCU Gaúcha”, in the northeast of the state of Rio de Grande Sul, which receives 2.5 million tourists annually.
On October 28th, the Chico Mendes PPPs for national parks and forests aimed Institute for Biodiversity Conservation at providing public services to support - ICMBio filed with the Federal Court of visitation, conservation, protection Accounts (TCU) the PPP projects for the and management of conservation units National Forests of Canela (RS) and São contribute to their revitalization and Francisco de Paula (RS). The PPPs cover maintenance, in addition to encouraging services to support visitation, ecological ecological and sustainable tourism. tourism, environmental interpretation and recreation in contact with nature. The prior evaluation by the TCU is an important step to give greater transparency The National Forest of Canela has an area
32 TOURISM AND and governance to the process of quarter of 2021, after the Court approves ENVIRONMENT structuring the PPP projects. The auction the project and possible adjustments are session should take place in the first made.
BNDES holds bid to Forests Management Law (11284/2006). hire consultants to The public session was held on October 29 structure forestry and awaits ratification. PPPs Learn more about each of the conservation units: Chapecó National Forest: located in the The BNDES issued an auction notice (October municipalities of Chapecó and Guatambú, 13) to hire technical services to structure Santa Catarina, has an extension of 1,604 forestry PPPs in the conservation units of hectares, belongs to the Atlantic Forest Três Barras (SC), Chapecó (SC) and Irati (PR). biome. Information and management plan The PPPs of the three National Forests will be are available at http://bit.ly/ICMBioChapeco. administered by the Brazilian Forest Service (SFB), linked to the Ministry of Agriculture, Irati National Forest: located in the Livestock and Supply (MAPA). municipalities of Fernandes Pinheiro, Imbituva and Teixeira Soares, in Paraná, it The PPPs consider the practice of forest has an extension of 3,802 hectares. For more management and silviculture of native information: http://bit.ly/ICMBioIrati. species aiming at the exploitation of wood products, non-wood products and services, Três Barras National Forest: located in the in accordance with the Brazilian Public municipality of Três Barras, Santa Catarina,
33 it has an extension of 4,369 hectares. More The winning private partner must invest information and management plan at http:// in the conservation and improvement of bit.ly/ICMBioTresBarras. access to the parks. The initiative involves investments estimated at BRL 15 million in the first four years of the contract. ICMBio launches Altogether, between investments in auction notice for physical facilities and in the operation of the parks, the estimated value is BRL 260 the PPP of tourism million over the course of the concession services in the period (30 years). National Parks of Environmental Conservation The private partner must collect, between Aparados da Serra the 5th and the 30th year of the contract, and Serra Geral a variable fee of 1.6% of the gross revenue of the PPP, in addition to funding actions in environmental monitoring and ICMBio published on October 15th the management of species, volunteer program auction notice for the PPP of public services and integration with the environment to support visitation, protection and and environmental awareness (must management of contiguous conservation invest 2.5% of the gross revenue in these units in the Aparados da Serra National initiatives). Park (RS) and the Serra Geral National Park (SC). The quality of the service provided by the private partner will be measured based Interested parties have until 12/15 to on performance indicators, which include submit proposals. The auction notice and assessment of visitor satisfaction, quality other related documents are available of waste management in the operation and at https://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/ maintenance and conservation of the PPP component/content/article/10810. structures.
The project was built in partnership The model provides for the hiring of an between the Special Secretariat for independent verifier, who will assist the PPI, ICMBio and the Ministry of the the public partner in the inspection and Environment (MMA), and approved by the monitoring of the PPP activities. Brazilian Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) last September.
34 EVENTS AND OTHERS
In Portuguese Constitution, National Development and Streamline (10/26) Invest in Brasil
Infrastructure - The PPI Special Secretary, Martha Seillier, Power sector (10/28) participated on October 26 in the webinar “Constitution, National Development and The Brazilian Export and Investment Streamline”, organized by IDP. The event was Promotion Agency (ApexBrasil) and the also attended by Senator Antonio Anastasia, National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL), from Minas Gerais, and is available at https:// with support from the PPI and the Ministry youtu.be/3UX2Cg1XeiY. of Mines and Energy (MME), promoted, on October 28th, the virtual event “Auction 2020: Challenges for business opportunities and investments in the Brazilian energy sector ”. The event developing sanitation was attended by PPI Secretary of Energy, project structuring Oil, Gas and Mining, Romário de Oliveira Batista, and is available at https://youtu.be/ models (10/14) MqkepbQef_Q. On October 14th, the Director of Promotion and Support for Partnerships of Federative
35 Entities of the PPI, Manoel Renato, London School of Economics Custom participated in a webinar on challenges to Programs and PPP Network. The video is develop structuring models for Sanitation available at https://youtu.be/8T-JeFsIknk. projects, organized by the Brazilian Association of Sanitary and Environmental In English Engineering (ABES). The event is available at https://youtu.be/-yvLivGjpMc.
Infrastructure Invest in Brasil investments as a Infrastructure - Ports tool for the recovery Edition (10/20) of economic activity On October 20, ApexBrasil held the event (10/14) “Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Ports Edition”, which was attended by the Program Director of the PPI, Ana Luiza Becker Salles. On October 14th, the Secretary of Support The event, which provides an overview of for Environmental Permit of the PPI, Rose Brazil's port infrastructure and investment Hofmann, participated in the webinar opportunities in the sector, is available at "Investments in infrastructure as a tool for the https://youtu.be/Sg3sPUiT8dE. recovery of economic activity", organized by the Leal Cotrim office, specialized in Energy, Infrastructure and Oil & Gás. The event is available at https://youtu.be/7Mf_34AVbaI. Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Inaugural Class Turkey Edition (10/5)
MBA in PPP and On October 5th, the PPI Special Secretary, Concessions (10/1) Martha Seillier, participated in the event “Invest in Brasil Infrastructure - Turkey Edition”, organized by ApexBrasil to On October 1st, the Legal Director of present investment opportunities in the PPI, Rafael Fortunato, participated in the infrastructure sector in Brazil to Turkish inaugural class of the MBA in PPP and investors. The event is available at https:// Concessions, an initiative of the São Paulo youtu.be/InXbPogBi44. School of Sociology and Politics Foundation,
36 Newsletter October 2020