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Coulee Dam National Recreation Area

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Coulee Dam National Recreation Area Coulee Dam ficult to supply, a site for Fort Spokane was fin­ the shelter of larger tributaries such as the Coulee Dam National Recreation Area ally selected in 1880 at the confluence of the Spokane, Kettle, and Colville Rivers and Sanpoil tempts the vacationer with many Columbia and Spokane Rivers. Combined with Bay. When water skiing, for the protection and outdoor activities, from water expanding telegraph, railroad, and trail systems, safety of all, make sure at least two people are in National this location offered protection for the communi­ the boat—the operator and another person to skiing, boating, and swimming to ties to the south, the settlers in the Colville and watch the skier. the quiet joys of Recreation Area Okanogan Valleys, and the Indians on the Col­ Large stretches of open water and sheltered camping in still coves. ville and Spokane Reservations. WASHINGTON The area is known for its coves can make motorboating an exciting adven­ immense dam, blue water Fort Spokane was established at a time when ture. Be alert to avoid floating logs and debris. money and manpower for the Army were being The lake is a water gateway to the Arrow Lakes and rolling hills, rushing reduced, and small, isolated forts were being region of Canada. Boaters planning to visit Can­ streams, fascinating geology, THE NATURAL SCENE abandoned in favor of large posts nearer to trans­ ada are advised to inquire about inspection pro­ and a variety of portation centers. The fort also had the misfor­ cedures from a park ranger or the U.S. Customs plants and animals. Volcanism, glaciation, and water erosion have tune of becoming a political pawn caught between Service before crossing the international WHAT TO SEE shaped the Columbia Basin. Millions of years ago, the rural population that profited from its loca­ boundary. successive floods of lava filled the basin, pressing tion and the economically depressed city of Grand Coulee Dam is the largest and most impor­ against the older granite mountains to the north. Spokane which needed the extra money that an All boats must comply with Federal, State, and tant dam on the Columbia River. A giant new Diverted into new channels by each additional army post could bring into the community. None­ County laws pertaining to boat operation. You are powerplant, the third, is under construction and lava flow, the Columbia River eventually made a theless, troops at the new post enjoyed nearly 20 urged to use common sense and to exercise care when put into operation will make this dam the big westward bend. About 10,000 years ago, a years of peace, and Fort Spokane was one of the in boating to protect yourself and others, par­ world's greatest producer of hydroelectricity. glacier blocked the bend in the vicinity of Grand more popular duty stations on the western fron­ ticularly when near swimmers, water skiers, The Bureau of Reclamation maintains an informa­ Coulee Dam creating a natural lake larger in size tier. The outbreak of the Spanish-American War and smaller boats. tion center near the dam and offers self-guided than Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake. Evidence of this provided both the Army and the city of Spokane Numerous santiary facilities are available for tours as operating conditions permit. Excellent ancient lake can be seen in the gravel terraces with the opportunity to move the post to the your convenience while boating. views of the dam may be had from the canal head- lining the present lake. Fed by melting ice, the lake newly established Fort Wright. Approach log rafts with caution: cables extend works, above the west end, or from Crown Point, overflowed. Meltwater rapidly cut through the between the rafts and tugboats. 21/2 miles north on Wash. 174. columnar jointed lava of the plateau, excavating After the Army departed, the Colville Indian the Grand Coulee and lesser channels. Agency moved its headquarters across the Spo­ Sailing is excellent as a breeze usually blows on After irrigation water for the Columbia Basin is kane River to the abandoned fort. A short time the lake from the surrounding hills. pumped from Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, im­ Stand below Grand Coulee Dam and see, hear, and later, the agency opened a boarding school for pounded by Grand Coulee Dam, it flows into Banks feel the tremendous force of water at work and Hunting and fishing are permitted within sections children of the nearby Indian reservations. The Lake. This great storage reservoir lies in the you will begin to understand these great events of the national recreation area. State licenses are school did not teach the Indian way of life and Upper Grand Coulee, a scenic water-carved can­ of prehistory. required. Among the big game are whitetail and proved to be unpopular, both with the children yon of national significance. Both the Grand Cou­ mule deer and black bear. Game birds include and their parents. Enforced conformity to rules lee and spectacular 400-foot high Dry Falls are Deer, coyotes, porcupines, marmots, and squir­ quail, chukar, mourning dove, pheasant, Canada alien to their traditions and harsh punishments Registered Natural Landmarks. The State of rels are common, while bear and skunks are only goose, and Brant. Fish taken from the lake and Washington administers many recreation sites occasionally seen. On a secondary flyway, the caused many children to run away,and eventually, its tributaries consist of trout, walleye pike, sun- PRINT 19 within the Grand Coulee. lake has a variety of waterfowl as well as shore after being run as a day school for nearly 10 fish, and bass. Crescent Bay Lake, near Grand and upland birds. Grand Coulee Dam blocks the years, the school was closed. The fort next be­ Coulee, is managed by the State in cooperation Behind Grand Coulee Dam, Franklin D. Roosevelt once great salmon runs to the upper Columbia came a hospital for treatment of tuberculosis and with the National Park Service for winter rainbow Lake stretches 130 miles, almost to the Canadian Coulee Dam National Recreation Area is comprised system and the spawning area. other common diseases of the period. The hospital trout fishing. border. Highways follow the lake northeastward of Roosevelt Lake and a narrow strip of land ad­ remained until 1929 when the fort was abandoned and offer a variety of scenic views. Going by way jacent to the lakeshore. The lower water limits of THE HISTORIC SCENE and the Colville Agency moved to Nespelem. Campgrounds on the west arm of the lake are on of Fort Spokane, the road first passes through the Roosevelt Lake are at Grand Coulee Dam on the open terraces where shade is limited, while those Between 1807 and 1821, fur trappers of the WHAT TO DO vast rolling wheatlands of eastern Washington. Columbia River and at Little Falls Dam on the Spo­ on the north arm are generally in forested set­ North West Company entered eastern Washington Nearing the lake again, the road plunges into kane River. The upper water limits are at Onion Recreational facilities have been developed along tings. Most primitive campgrounds have sand or and established trading posts along the Colum­ evergreen forests only to emerge on a high ter­ Creek and the town of Barstow on the Kettle River. the 660 miles of lakeshore. These sites are not gravel areas that permit beaching of small boats. bia River and its tributaries. These men were soon race overlooking the sparkling blue water. equally developed and some can be reached only Camping and fires are not allowed outside desig­ The area is administered by the National Park Serv­ followed by missionaries and settlers, and finally, by boat. See area map and facilities chart. Cars nated areas except in special circumstances for At Fort Spokane, visitor center exhibits and self- ice, U.S. Department of the Interior. Some activities in 1855-56, by gold miners. The history of this era are easily broken into, so keep valuables on your which a permit must be obtained from a park guiding trails around the fort grounds tell the within this area also are regulated by other juris­ is told in part at St. Paul's Mission near Kettle Falls. person. ranger. Please drown campfires. Fire permits are story of the colorful frontier period in American dictions. Information can be obtained at the Na­ In the 1870s, at the close of the Indian Wars in not issued during periods of high fire danger. history. From here the road winds northward tional Recreation Area headquarters in the town of Water-oriented sports are the chief activities. the west, ten Indian bands, all of Salishan stock, Camping is limited to 14 days or less in some through the Spokane Indian Reservation and then Coulee Dam, the visitor center at Fort Spokane, Natural gravel or sand beaches are all along the were enrolled on the Colville Reservation. Chief campgrounds, and is posted to that effect. follows the narrow valley between the Huckle­ and the ranger station at Kettle Falls. For further lake but only a few are staffed by lifeguards. When Joseph and his valiant band of Nez Perce, who had berry and Kettle River Mountains where the lake information write to the Superintendent, Box 37, swimming, please use designated beaches, swim Illustrated evening programs and Indian cultural been deported to the Oklahoma Indian Territory can be frequently seen through ponderosa pine Coulee Dam, WA 99116. demonstrations are given in summer. Posted after their defeat in 1877, were later resettled here. within delineated bounds, and always be alert forest. The many once prosperous farming com­ schedules give places, times, and topics.
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