3/7/2019 Meloidogyne enterolobii Found Infecting Root-Knot Resistant Sweetpotato in South Carolina, United States | Plant Disease

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Editor-in-Chief: Alexander V. Karasev Published by The American Phytopathological Societ y About the current issue's cover Home > Plant Disease > Table of Contents > Full Text HTML Quick Links Previous Article | Next Article ISSN: 0191-2917 Add to favorites e-ISSN: 1943-769 2 Posted online on 11 Feb 2019. E-mail to a colleague SEARCH https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1388-PDN Alert me when new articles Enter Keywords DISEASE NOTES cite this article MPMI Download to citation Phytobiomes manager Journal Meloidogyne enterolobii Found Infecting Related articles Phytopathology found in APS Journals Plant Disease Root-Knot Nematode Resistant Sweetpotato Plant Health Progress in South Carolina, United States

See more details Advanced Search W. B. Rutter ,1,† A. M. Skantar,2 Z. A. Handoo ,2 J. D. Mueller,3 S. P. Aultman,4 Tweeted by 25 and P. Agudelo5 On 1 Facebook pages Resources 1 2 USDA-ARS United States Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414; USDA-ARS Article History Subscribe Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705- Published: 11 Feb 2019 About Plant Disease 2350; 3Edisto Research and Education Center, Department of Plant and Environmental First Look: 17 Oct 2018 First Look Sciences, Clemson University, Blackville, SC 29817; 4Department of Plant Industry, Accepted: 16 Oct 2018 Most Downloaded Articles Clemson University, Pendleton, SC 29670; and 5Department of Plant and Environmental

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Meloidogyne enterolobii (the guava root-knot nematode) is a highly polyphagous species

Open Access that causes significant damage in a wide variety of crops worldwide (Castagnone-Sereno 2012). M. enterolobii has a well-documented ability to overcome many crop resistance ORCID Registry genes that are effective against the more cosmopolitan M. incognita group (MIG) species

endemic to the southern United States. In the continental United States, M. enterolobii was first reported in Florida (Brito et al. 2004) and more recently in North Carolina (Ye et al. 2013) infecting root-knot nematode resistant varieties of cotton and . Herein we describe the first detection of this nematode infecting root-knot nematode resistant sweetpotato in South Carolina. In February 2018, a soil sample was collected as part of a Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey for root-knot nematode species from a soybean field in Darlington Co., SC. The surveyed field had been rotated between soybean and sweetpotato for several years. Soil was sent to the USDA-ARS Laboratory in Beltsville, MD, https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/full/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1388-PDN?prevSearch=%24%7BresultBean.text%7D&searchHistoryKey=%24%7Bsearch… 1/3 3/7/2019 Meloidogyne enterolobii Found Infecting Root-Knot Nematode Resistant Sweetpotato in South Carolina, United States | Plant Disease

for analysis. Total DNA was extracted from isolated juveniles, and amplicons generated from COII-16S rDNA, 28S D2-D3 rDNA, and rDNA intergenic spacer 2 were sequenced (Skantar et al. 2008). BLAST searches of these sequences against the NCBI nonredundant database found near perfect homology (≥99% identity) with multiple sequences from M. enterolobii. The morphology and morphometrics of second-stage juveniles and females, including the nature of perineal patterns, further established the identity of the species as M. enterolobii. During a follow-up survey, cured storage roots from the root-knot nematode resistant sweetpotato cultivar Covington were found displaying galling symptoms typical of a root-knot nematode. Ten individual females were excised from the infected storage roots and DNA extracted (Holterman et al. 2012). Single egg masses were used to inoculate susceptible roots planted in sterilized soil, and these were cultured in an isolated growth chamber to provide inoculum for further testing. Female DNA extractions were subjected to species diagnostic polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Eight females

produced amplification results consistent with M. enterolobii for four mitochondrial primer

sets. Species identification was further confirmed by individually sequencing these amplicons. These sequences aligned with a combined identity of 99.5% to the published mitochondrial genome sequence of M. enterolobii. In contrast, these same sequences aligned with only 90.3, 89.7, and 90.4% combined sequence identity to the mitochondrial genome sequences from M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria, respectively. Greenhouse tests demonstrated that this isolate is highly virulent on the widely used MIG- resistant sweetpotato cultivar Covington (Yencho et al. 2008). There were no significant differences in observed galling (t test, P = 0.16, n = 6) or log normalized egg counts (t test, P = 0.39, n = 6) between Covington (galling = 54.5%, SD ± 18.9%; eggs/g of root = 9,670.5, SD ± 6,633.5) and the highly MIG-susceptible cultivar Beauregard (galling = 72.5%, SD ± 21.9%; eggs/g of root = 29,890.5, SD ± 22,122.4). The reproduction factor (eggs final/eggs initial) calculated for this isolate on Covington 46 days postinoculation was 30. M. enterolobii represents a significant threat to sweetpotato and other host crops in the southern United States.

References: Section: Choose

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Nematodes of Agricultural Importance in North and South Carolina Weimin Ye Plant Parasitic in Sustainable Agriculture of North America Jan 2018, 247-276

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