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Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae)

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Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae) Die Puppen der mittel- und westeuropäischen Spanner aus der Tribus Asthenini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae) J. PatoCka PATOCKA, J., 1994. THE PUPAE OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN EUROPEAN GEOMETRIDS OF THE TRIBE ASTHENINI (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE, LARENTIINAE). - ENT. BER., AMST 54 (2): 13-19. Abstract: Seven species from six genera of Central and Western European geometrid-pupae of the tribe Asthenini are described and figured. Some biological data are added. Institut für Waldökologie der SAW, Sk-960 53, Zvolen, Republik Slowakei. Die vorliegende Arbeit knüpft an die von Pa- Labium kurz und breit, oft fast viereckig (Abb. tocka (im Druck) und behandelt die Puppen 26, 45), seltener eher trapezförmig (Abb. 13). der Asthenini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Labrum verdeckt, selten ganz klein (Labrum Larentiinae). Das System und die Nomenkla¬ und Labium: Unterschiede gegenüber die tur folgen Leraut (1980), die morphologische sonst ähnliche Tribus Eupitheciini). Sutur zwi¬ Terminologie Mosher (1916) und McGuffin schen Genae und Proboscis mäßig schräg, die (1967-1981). Das untersuchte Material stammt zwischen Oculi und Vorderbeinen steil (Abb. von der Sammlung des Verfassers. 30, 33). Vorderbeine grenzen an die Genae mittelkurz (Abb. 18) oder lang (Abb. 53). Vor¬ derschenkel sichtbar (Abb 30). Vorderbeine Tribus Asthenini deutlich -, Proboscis wenig kürzer als die Mit¬ Kleine, ± gedrungene Spannerpuppen, Länge telbeine und Antennae, Enden der Hinterbeine 6-9 mm, vorne stumpf abgerundet, hinten ke¬ deutlich, klein (Abb. 30). Vorderflügel manch¬ gelförmig zugespitzt (Abb. 30, 33), Färbung mal mit hervortretenden Adern. Thorakale ocker- bis dunkel rotbraun, Vorderflügel oft ± Spiracula spaltenartig (Abb. 3,10,29), manch¬ grünlich, Kaudalstreifen der mittleren Abdo¬ mal relativ groß (Abb. 46), die abdominalen minalsegmente manchmal heller. Puppe Spiracula relativ klein, elliptisch, ± erhaben mäßig bis deutlich glänzend. Skulptur mittel¬ (Abb. 17). Frontolaterale Ausläufer des Meta- fein bis grob. Kopf und Thorax vorwiegend notums ± abgerundet (Abb. 4,20), selten mehr quer oder wirr gerunzelt. 1.-8. Abdominalseg¬ eckig (Abb. 51). Lateraleinschnitte zwischen ment und manchmal auch das Metanotum mit dem 9. und 10. Abdominalsegment selten bes¬ mittelgroßen bis großen, oft scharfen Punkt¬ ser entwickelt (Abb. 47, 50), Dorsalrinne grübchen (Abb. 27, 28). Diese am Vorderteil manchmal tiefer, oft dunkel gesäumt, Kaudal¬ der Abdominalsegmente meist verdichtet seite gezähnt oder gewellt, der mittlere Ausläu¬ (Abb. 17), manchmal nahe dem Vorderrand fer meist ± vergrößert (Abb. 9, 15, 25, 42). der vorderen Abdominalsegmente stark ver¬ Kremaster nicht länger als basal breit, in Dor¬ größert und vertieft (Abb. 5). Borsten klein, salsicht dreieckig (Abb. 38, 39), seltener schau¬ manchmal kaum sichtbar, am Clypeus kaum felförmig (Abb. 9), dorsoventral ± kompri¬ unterscheidbar, am 9. Abdominalsegment oft miert (Abb. 8, 24), oft wenig, manchmals etwas deutlicher (Abb. 24, 25). Vertex schmal, stärker skulpturiert (Abb. 9, 39), deutlich dif¬ von Frons durch deutliche Sutur abgetrennt ferenziert. Borsten D2 stärker als die übrigen, (Abb. 1). Clypeus oft etwas erhaben (Abb. 2). dicker (Abb. 25) oder schlanker (Abb. 39), 14 Ent. Ber., Amst. 54 (1994) Abb. 1-16. 1, Hydrelia flammeolaria; 2-10, Discoloxia blomerr, 11-16, Venusia cambrica\ 1, Frons, Vertex; 2, 13, Labrum; 3, 10, thorakales Spiraculum; 4, 11, Metanotum, Abdomenbasis, linke Seite; 5, Frontalteil des 3. Abdominal¬ segmentes; 6, 5. Abdominalsegment in Lateralsicht; 7, 14, Abdominalende in Ventral-; 8, 16, in Dorsal-; 9, 15, in Lateralsicht; 12, Vorderschenkel. Ent. Ber., Amst. 54 (1994) 15 nahe beieinander entspringend. D, und L, ent¬ förmig (Abb. 13), Kremaster in Dorsalsicht springen von der Kaudalhälfte des Kremasters, spitz dreieckig, D2 relativ länger und schlanker oft nahe beieinander (Abb. 9, 49), sind immer (Abb. 15). vorhanden. Sd, fehlt (Abb. 43) oder vorhanden, entspringt von der Basalhälfte (Abb. 38) oder Venusia cambrica Curtis Mitte des Kremasters (Abb. 49). Die Puppen der Asthenini ruhen und über¬ Puppe 8-9 X 2,9-3,5 mm (5 5 Ç aus der wintern in einem Erdkokon am oder im Boden, Slowakei), braun, mäßig glänzend. Skulptur und sind mono- oder bivoltin. Die Raupen mittelfein bis mittelgrob. Vergrößerte Punkt¬ leben meist an Laubhölzern, werden jedoch grübchen an der Basis des 1.-4. Abdominalseg¬ nicht als deren Schädlinge bezeichnet. An mehr mentes tief, dunkel gesäumt (Abb. 11). Vorder¬ schattigen, frischen bis feuchten Standorten, schenkel schmal (Abb. 12). Abdominale meist in der Rand-beziehungsweiße Gebüsch¬ Spiracula erhaben (Abb. 17). Lateraleinschnitt zone der Waldbestände. Nur die Gattung Mi- schwach angedeutet. Dorsalrinne breit, mittle¬ noa lebt an Kräutern (Euphorbiaceae) und be¬ rer Kaudalausläufer deutlich stärker als die vorzugt trockeneres, mehr offenes Gelände. übrigen. Wälle der Analnaht quergefurcht. Häkchen am Kremaster relativ schlank (Abb. 14-16). Gattung Discoloxia Warren Raupe an Sorbus aucuparia L. In Gebirgs- Diese und die folgende Gattung haben ver- wäldern verbreitet. größete Basalreihe der Punktgrübchen am L- 4. Abdominalsegment (Abb. 4, 11), ihre Vor¬ Gattung Euchoeca Hübner derbeine grenzen an die Antennae länger als an die Oculi (Abb. 18). Die Puppe von Discoloxia Puppen klein, Metanotum ohne Punktgrüb¬ ist relativ klein, Metanotum ohne Punktgrüb¬ chen; diese an der Basis der vorderen Abdomi¬ chen (Abb. 4), Labrum mehr viereckig (Abb. nalsegmente nicht stärker vergrößert und ver¬ 2), Kremaster in Dorsalsicht schaufelförmig, tieft (Abb. 20). Vorderbeine grenzen an die D2 dort ziemlich kurz, Sd, nicht vorhanden Oculi und Antennae etwa gleichlang. Kre¬ (Abb. 9). master in Dorsalsicht kurz dreieckig, D2 relativ Raupen an Ulmaceae. In Mittel- und West¬ kurz, Sd, fehlt (Abb. 25). europa nur eine Art. Raupen an Betulaceae. In Mitteleuropa nur eine Art. Discoloxia blomeri (Curtis) Euchoeca nebulata (Scopoli) Puppe gedrungen, 7X3 mm (1 Ç aus der Slowakei), ockerbraun, Skulptur mittelgrob, Puppe 7,1-7,3 X 3 mm (2 $ aus der Slowakei), Punktgrübchen relativ seicht. Lateralein¬ rötlich braun, Skulptur mittelfein, Punktgrüb¬ schnitt kaum entwickelt. Dorsalrinne deutlich, chen wenig kontrastreich, seicht, Borsten Kaudalrand gewellt. Kremaster breit und rela¬ klein. Labrum kurz, breit (Abb. 19). Vorder¬ tiv stumpf, dorsoventral mäßig komprimiert. schenkel relativ groß (Abb. 21). Lateralein¬ L, etwas stärker als D, (Abb. 7-9). schnitt höchstens klein, Dorsalrinne relativ Raupe an Ulmus spp., vor allem an Ulmus stark und tief, dunkel gesäumt. Kremaster dor¬ grabra Hudson, mehr im Gebirge, lokal und sal an der Basis etwas quergerunzelt, dorso¬ selten, durch das aussterben der Nährpflanzen ventral mäßig komprimiert (Abb. 23-25). (das Ulmensterben) bedroht. Raupe vor allem an Ainus spp., außerdem an Betula spp. Oft bivoltin. Bachufer, Ufern- bestände, nicht selten. Gattung Venusia Curtis Puppen relativ größer, Labium mehr trapez¬ 16 Ent. Ber., Amst. 54 (1994) Abb. 17-32. 17, 18, Venusia cambrica\ 19-25, Euchoeca nebulata\ 26-31, Asthena albulata\ 32, Hydrelia flammeolaria', 17, 28, 5. Abdominalsegment, Lateralsicht; 18, Oculus und Umgebung; 19, 26, 32, Labrum; 20, 27, Metanotum, Abdomenbasis, linke Seite; 21, Vorderschenkel; 22, 29, thorakales Spiraculum; 23, 31, Abdomenende in Ventral-; 24, in Lateral-; 25, in Dorsalsicht; 30, Habitusbild in Ventralsicht. Ent. Ber., Amst. 54 (1994) 17 Abb. 33-46. 33-38, Asthena anseraria\ 39, A. albulata\ 4044, Hydrelia flammeolaria\ 45, 46, Minoa murirxata\ 33, Habitusbild in Ventralsicht; 34, 45, Labrum; 35, 46, thorakales Spiraculum; 36, 42, Abdomenende in Ventral-; 37, 44, in Lateral-; 38, 39, 43, in Dorsalsicht. 18 Ent. Ber., Amst. 54 (1994) Gattung Asthena Hübner des 10. Segmentes. Kremaster kürzer und brei¬ ter als bei A. albulata, der Kaudalwinkel in Kleine Puppen. Metanotum mit Punktgrüb- Dorsalsicht stumpfer, Dorsalseite an der Basis chen, diese an den vorderen Abdominalseg¬ stark quergefurcht, Ventralseite ± eingesun¬ menten nicht vergrößert (Abb. 41). Vorder¬ ken (Abb. 36-38). beine grenzen an die Oculi länger als an die Raupe an dem roten Hartriegel (Swida san- Antennae, an die Genae mittelkurz. Labrum guinea L.). Buschige Täler, Gewässerufer, lo¬ fast viereckig (Abb. 26, 34). Kremaster in Dor¬ kal, stellenweise nicht selten. salsicht dreieckig, Borsten ziemlich zerstreut; D2 lang, schlank, nebeneinander entspringend, Gattung Hydrelia Hübner Sd, vorhanden (Abb. 38, 39). Raupe vorzugsweize an buschigen Laubhöl¬ Puppen klein. Metanotum mit einzelnen zern, manchmal bivoltin. In Mittel- und West¬ Punktgrübchen (Abb. 41), dadurch von Eu- europa zwei Arten. choeca zu unterscheiden. Punktgrübchen an vorderen Abdominalsegmenten basal nicht vergrößert, Vorderbeine grenzen mittelkurz an Asthena albulata (Hufnagel) die Genae, an die Antennae etwa so lang wie Puppe schlanker als A. anseraria (Abb. 30), 6- an die Oculi. Kremaster in Dorsalsicht zuge¬ 7 X 1,8-2,4 mm (5 5 Ç aus der Slowakei), spitzt, mit gewölbten Seiten, Borste D2 relativ dunkel braun, Skulptur grob. Punktgrübchen stark, Sd, nicht vorhanden (Abb. 43). groß, im Frontalteil der Segmente verdichtet Raupe an Laubhölzern, mono-, zuweilen (Abb. 28). Borsten klein; Labium relativ lang bivoltin. In Mittel- und Westeuropa zwei Ar¬ (Abb. 26), Vorderschenkel ziemlich groß. ten, von denen nur eine untersucht werden Adern der Vorderflügel angedeutet. Lateral¬ konnte. einschnitt höchstens ganz klein. Dorsalrinne deutlich, im Mittelteil mit Kaudalausläufern, Hydrelia flammeolaria (Denis
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