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Clinical Guideline 'Stuttering in Children, Adolescents and Adults'

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Clinical Guideline 'Stuttering in Children, Adolescents and Adults' Clinical Guideline ‘Stuttering in Children, Adolescents and Adults’ This publication was initiated by: NVST, Dutch Association for Stuttering Therapy Demosthenes, Patient Association for (Parents of) Children, Adolescents and Adults who Stutter Realisation: CBO Mandates: NVLF, Dutch Association for Logopedics and Phoniatrics NVST Demosthenes Funding: The guideline was funded by the NVLF, the Damsté-Terpstra Foundation, Demosthenes and NVST Colofon: Clinical Guideline Stuttering in Children, Adolescents and Adults © Copyright Nederlandse Vereniging voor Logopedie en Foniatrie Steinhagenseweg 2b Postbus 75 3446 GP Woerden 3440 AB Woerden T: 0348-457070 F: 0348-418290 E: [email protected] KvK Rotterdam 40464115 Refer to the guideline in the following manner: Pertijs, M.A.J., Oonk, L.C., Beer, de J.J.A., Bunschoten, E.M., Bast, E.J.E.G., Ormondt, van J., Rosenbrand, C.J.G.M., Bezemer, M., Wijngaarden, van L.J., Kalter, E.J., Veenendaal, van H. (2014). Clinical Guideline Stuttering in Children, Adolescents and Adults. NVLF, Woerden. Translated by: Univertaal. Translation agency for academia Translation was funded by Hogeschool Utrecht, University of Applied Sciences, NFS Dutch Stuttering Federation and NVST All rights reserved. The text of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, but solely with the prior permission of the publisher. Permission to use text (segments) can be requested in writing or by e-mail and solely to the publisher. Address and e-mail address: see above. The CBO, was based in Utrecht (1979-2015), aimed to support the professional associations and health care organizations of individual practitioners in improving patient care. The CBO offered this through programs and projects which supported and assisted with the systematic and structured, improvement and maintenance of quality patient care. Content Working Group .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Advisory Panel .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Summary of the Recommendations ........................................................................................................................... 8 1. What are the Indicators to Treat Children, Adolescents and Adults who Stutter? ....................... 8 2. What is the Diagnostic Value of Tests for Children and Adults who Stutter?............................... 11 3. What are the Effects of Stuttering Therapy in Children who Stutter up to Age Six? ................. 13 4. Effectiveness of Stuttering Therapies in Children Aged Between 6 and 13 .................................. 14 5. Effectiveness of Stuttering Therapies in Adolescents and Adults ..................................................... 15 6. Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy for Adolescents and Adults ........................................................ 16 7. When and for what Reasons should a Patient who Stutters be Referred by a Speech & Language Therapist to a Fluency Specialist or another Healthcare Provider? ................................. 16 8 How should Proper Aftercare be Organised and Implemented? ........................................................ 18 Chapter 1: General Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 20 1.1 Background and Motivation ........................................................................................................................... 20 1.2 Aims of the Guideline ........................................................................................................................................ 21 1.3 Target Population ............................................................................................................................................... 22 1.4 Intended Users ..................................................................................................................................................... 22 1.5 Principal Parties Involved in the Guideline Development ................................................................. 22 1.6 Working Group and Advisory Panel............................................................................................................ 23 1.7 Patient Perspective ............................................................................................................................................ 23 1.8 Method .................................................................................................................................................................... 24 1.9 Dissemination and Implementation............................................................................................................ 27 1.10 Legal Significance of the Guidelines ......................................................................................................... 27 1.11 Review of the Guideline ................................................................................................................................. 28 1.12 Financing ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 Chapter 2: Stuttering and Speech & Language Therapy ................................................................................. 29 2.1 Definition of Stuttering ..................................................................................................................................... 29 2.1.1 Epidemiology ................................................................................................................................ 29 2.1.2 Cause of Stuttering ....................................................................................................................... 30 2.1.3 Stuttering and the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) Model ............................................................................................................................................................... 32 2.1.4 Development of Stuttering ........................................................................................................... 33 2.1.5 Diagnosis....................................................................................................................................... 34 2.2 Treatment .............................................................................................................................................................. 35 2.2.1 Healthcare Professionals .............................................................................................................. 35 2.2.2 Approach ...................................................................................................................................... 36 2.2.3 Treatment of Adults and Adolescents .......................................................................................... 37 2.2.4 Treatment of Children .................................................................................................................. 38 Chapter 3: What are the Indicators to Treat Children, Adolescents and Adults Who Stutter? ....... 41 3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 41 3.2 Method .................................................................................................................................................................... 41 3.3 Evidence ................................................................................................................................................................. 41 3.3.1 Prevalence and Incidence ............................................................................................................. 42 3.3.2 Family History ............................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.3 Gender .......................................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.4 Stuttering Symptoms .................................................................................................................... 43 3.3.5 Phonological Development .......................................................................................................... 44 3.3.6 Receptive and Expressive Language ............................................................................................. 44 3.3.7 Additional Disorders ..................................................................................................................... 45 3.3.8 Temperament and Social/Emotional Well-Being ......................................................................... 45 3.3.9 Therapy ......................................................................................................................................... 45 3.4 From Evidence to Recommendations......................................................................................................... 46 Chapter 4: What is
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