242 London Road, Stretton-on-Dunsmore on behalf of: ENVIROARM LTD. & MR J. FITZPATRICK

Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use

First issued June 2018, with update April 2019

bright & associates landscape and environmental consultants

CONTENTS

1.1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.2. THE SITE SETTING ...... 2 1.3. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ...... 4 1.4. LANDSCAPE DESIGNATIONS ...... 11 1.5. SITE PROPOSALS ...... 13 1.6. REVIEW OF VISUAL AMENITY OF THE SITE AND CONSIDERATION OF VISUAL IMPACT ...... 13 1.7. SUMMARY OF THE REVIEW ...... 15

FIGURES Figure L1: Site Photograph and Illustrative View

APPENDICES Appendix 1: Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout, Enviroarm Ltd. (November 2017) Appendix 2: Extracts from the Dunsmore and Feldon National Character Area No.96 (2013) Appendix 3: Extracts from the Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993) Appendix 4: Extracts from the Landscape Assessment of the of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006)

Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.1. INTRODUCTION 1.1.1. Bright & Associates (B&A) has been requested by Enviroarm Ltd. (the Agent) on behalf of their Client, Mr. J. Fitzpatrick to undertake a landscape and visual review of an existing site and a future change of use at 242 London Road near Stretton-on-Dunsmore in Warwickshire (the Site). 1.1.2. The Site falls within the administrative boundary of Warwickshire County Council and Rugby Borough Council at a local level. It is located within an area of Green Belt. 1.1.3. The Site Proposals concern the change of use to an inert recycling and treatment facility as set out by Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout (November 2017) which has been prepared by Enviroarm Ltd. (Appendix 1) 1.1.4. The review considers the Site setting and preliminary desk study concerning landscape character and designations, followed by a description of the visual amenity and visibility of the Site, entailing both current and proposed uses. It draws conclusions regarding landscape character and visual impacts and examines how such aspects relate to the broader policy and development issues within the Green Belt. 1.1.5. This report consists of the following Sections. 1.1.6. Section 1.2 The Site Setting: describes current features of the Site and environs. 1.1.7. Section 1.3 Landscape Character: concerns existing published Landscape Character Assessments and other landscape-related documents. 1.1.8. Section 1.4 Landscape Designations: summarises matters relating to the Green Belt and identifies relevant heritage and cultural designations which contribute to a sense of place and/or signify an amenity value. 1.1.9. Section 1.5 Site Proposals: outlines the Site Proposals illustrated by Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout (November 2017). (Appendix 1) 1.1.10. Section 1.6 Review of Visual Amenity of the Site and Consideration of Visual Impact: includes observations from Site assessment and field work and considers potential views from the road network, residential properties and public footpaths, with respect to the Site and the Site Proposals. 1.1.11. Section 1.7 Summary of the Review: provides an overview of the report. 1.1.12. Figure L1: Site Photograph and Illustrative View is included with the report. 1.1.13. The following Appendices are referred to in the text:  Appendix 1: Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout, Enviroarm Ltd. (November 2017);  Appendix 2: Extracts from the Dunsmore and Feldon National Character Area No.96 (2013);

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use  Appendix 3: Extracts from the Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993); and  Appendix 4: Extracts from the Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006). 1.1.14. Reference is made to other Drawings which have been prepared by Enviroarm Ltd., including Drawing ESID 1: Site Location (November 2017) and Drawing ESID 2: Proposed Application Boundary (November 2017). Please note that they have not been included with the review. 1.1.15. The preliminary desk study and Site assessment work were undertaken in late May 2018. Distance and direction provided in the report is from the closest Site boundary. Distances are approximate. 1.1.16. The report was updated in March 2019 following the publication of the revised National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) in February 2019.1 An evaluation has been undertaken of reference sources and whether any changes have taken place in the interim period. 1.1.17. Footnotes in the report provide reference sources.

1.2. THE SITE SETTING 1.2.1. The Site is located immediately adjacent north of the A45 (London Road) dual carriageway as shown by Drawing ESID 1: Site Location (November 2017). 1.2.2. The majority of the yard area is surfaced with concrete. There is an existing rendered workshop/building located within the Site which is c.2m high. Drawing ESID 2: Proposed Application Boundary (November 2017) shows the location of current buildings on site. 1.2.3. The Site is enclosed bordering the A45 (London Road) and along the southern sectors of the eastern and western Site boundaries, by a tall 2.4m high close board fence. Elsewhere, there is an established conifer hedge on the north-eastern Site boundary. A partially built brick wall 2m high is located along the western Site boundary and is adjacent to a new residential property (a dormer bungalow) at Abbeysfield currently being constructed.2 1.2.4. There are gates into the Site in the south-western corner and feature in this particular area to accord with the traffic flow on the dual carriageway. 1.2.5. It is understood that the Site was previously used as a petrol filling station and oil depot. Current permitted use of the yard and buildings is for HGV storage/transport management activities with a Class B industrial use.

1 National Planning Policy Framework, Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, February 2019 2 Planning Application Number: R17/1038, Abbeyfield 242 London Road Stretton on Dunsmore Rugby Warwickshire CV23 9JA, replacement of existing bungalow with a dormer bungalow, consented 28 July 2017

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.2.6. Drawing ESID 1: Site Location (November 2017) shows the wider environs of the Site. Following field work and Site assessment, of note to this review are the following aspects:  There are a number of residential and commercial properties and farmsteads located along this section of the A45 (London Road). The village of Stretton-on-Dunsmore is to the south-west of the Site. Elsewhere within the locality of the Site, there are farmsteads and individual residential properties linked to minor roads;  Agriculture is the main land use overall within the wider vicinity and there is a medium-large scale field pattern. Vegetative boundaries include hedgerows and hedgerow trees and there are small blocks of woodland in places. However, there are pockets of smaller-scale fields or parcels of land adjacent to the A45 (London Road) typified by the Site. Vegetative boundaries feature in association with garden curtilages, other commercial properties and farmsteads. Linear woodland tracts also appear along the A45 (London Road). This creates a smaller-scale and more enclosed setting when compared to the more open agricultural fields elsewhere north of the A45 (London Road);  The closest public footpaths and bridleways are found near Dunsmore Heath to the east of the Site and north of Stretton-on-Dunsmore. There is a cluster of routes at a slightly further distance (c.1km) on higher ground to the north of the Site close to Mickle Hill Farm.3 A footpath (R132b) continues east of the farmstead and traverses a gentle ridge (c.105mAOD) which is broadly comparable to existing Site levels, albeit, the intervening ground forms a shallow valley. Figure L1: Site Photograph and Illustrative View is from the footpath and is examined in more detail later in the report; and  There are no long distance footpaths or national/local cycle routes near to the Site.

3 http://maps.warwickshire.gov.uk/rightsofway/, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019)

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.3. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER Dunsmore and Feldon National Character Area (NCA) No.96 1.3.1. Information relating to National Character Areas (NCA) has been sourced from Natural ’s website data.4 NCAs represent large-scale mapping and cover extensive areas. 1.3.2. The Site is located in the northern part of the Dunsmore and Feldon NCA No.965 which is described as ‘… predominantly a rural, agricultural landscape, crossed by numerous small rivers and tributaries and varying between a more open character in the Feldon area and a wooded character in Dunsmore…’. It is acknowledged in the document that ‘The area is facing key challenges around how to protect and enhance its assets and recreational resource while accommodating the pressure for sustainable modern growth and development and the needs of the communities who live there’. (pages 3 and 4) 1.3.3. Statements of Environmental Opportunity (SEO) offer guidance on biodiversity and environmental improvements. Under SEOs 3 and 4, reference is made to the importance of new development being sensitively located and designed. The suggestions regarding how this may be achieved include small-scale woodland planting which provides screening, helps to integrate new development and offers habitat enhancement. 1.3.4. Mention is made to the 2007 Intrusion Map by the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) which concerns ‘the extent to which rural landscapes are ‘intruded on’ from urban development, noise (primarily traffic noise), and other sources of visual and auditory intrusion’. The most disturbed areas being along road corridors including the A45 (London Road). (page 26) 1.3.5. Appendix 2 includes further information regarding the above. Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993) 1.3.6. The Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993) provides information at a County level and consists of a document which is divided into two Parts and a separate Landscape Map.6 1.3.7. Part One Landscape Assessment describes Regional Character Areas and Landscape Types. Part Two Strategies and Guidelines identifies landscape change and current trends, general development guidelines and guidelines for the Landscape Types.

4 http://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/category/587130, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019) 5 NCA Profile: 96 Dunsmore and Feldon (NE469), Natural England, August 2013 6 https://www.warwickshire.gov.uk/landscapeguidelines, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019)

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use Part One Landscape Assessment 1.3.8. The Site is located within the Dunsmore Regional Character Area which is noted as a transitional region comprising large agricultural fields and small villages. At a more detailed level, the Dunsmore Plateau Farmlands Landscape Type is relevant which is described as ‘A simple, often heavily wooded, farmed landscape, typically confined to low plateau summits, and characterised by sandy soils and remnant heathy vegetation’. (page 11) 1.3.9. Characteristic features comprise:  ‘A gently rolling topography of low glacial plateaus;  An 'empty' landscape of former waste with few roads and little settlement;  A regular geometric field pattern defined by closely cropped hawthorn hedge;  Many mature hedgerow oaks;  Large blocks of ancient woodland;  A historic land use pattern reflected in the local abundance of 'Heath' names’; and  ‘Remnant heathy vegetation in woodlands and roadside verges’. (page 11) Part Two Strategies and Guidelines 1.3.10. Landscape change and current trends applicable to all Regional Character Areas and Landscape Types include new development along road corridors, albeit this is identified in relation to farm diversification and the loss of vegetative cover such as hedgerows and trees. (page 28) 1.3.11. General development guidelines refer to Settlement & Buildings and to ‘Conserve the historic nucleated settlement pattern by avoiding new development in open countryside’, reference is made to ‘… Roadside filling stations, restaurants and motels are by their nature also highly visible and intrusive in a rural setting’. (page 30) 1.3.12. With respect to the Dunsmore Regional Character Area, the management strategy is to ‘Enhance the identity and unity of the landscape by strengthening the wooded, heathy character of the region’. (page 32) 1.3.13. Overall guidelines for Settlement & Buildings includes ‘Soften hard built edges through increased tree planting within and around new development’. This highlights the importance of considering the relationship between new development and its environs including where built form meets open farmland in areas of decline. Tree planting is cited as being suitable for screening and softening the appearance of development to assist integration into the landscape setting.

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.3.14. In terms of the Dunsmore Plateau Farmlands Landscape Type, the management strategy is to ‘Maintain and enhance the distinctive character of the landscape’. Mention is made to special features such as the undeveloped character due to lack of roads and settlement areas. Urban influences are noted as having an ‘appreciable impact on this historic character’. Again, successfully incorporating new development is cited and notes ‘Ensuring that built development is carefully controlled and well integrated in the landscape is a key element in maintaining the distinctive character of the Plateau farmlands’. (page 34) 1.3.15. Landscape guidelines state that new woodland planting needs to be carefully considered and should conserve the open character of the landscape. In addition, it should be targeted in specific areas including along the A45 corridor. Adopting such a strategy would help to alleviate the impact of urban influences. (page 35) 1.3.16. Appendix 3 includes further information regarding the above. Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006) 1.3.17. The Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006)7 builds on the earlier Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993) previously described. 1.3.18. The Site is located within the Dunsmore Landscape Character Area (LCA) and the Plateau Farmlands Landscape Character Type (LCT). More information is provided in the Study at an LCT level. 1.3.19. The Plateau Farmlands LCT is noted as ‘a very distinctive landscape – the gently rolling, low glacial plateau being characterised by: an "empty" landscape of former waste with few roads and little settlement; a regular, geometric field pattern defined by closely cropped hawthorn hedges; many mature hedgerow oaks; large blocks of ancient woodland; remnants of heathy vegetation in woodlands and roadside verges, such as birch and bracken’. (page 13) 1.3.20. The Site is outwith the area identified as urban fringe on Map 4: Condition and sensitivity of land cover parcels which is provided in the document. Rather, it falls within the wider Borough area. 1.3.21. ‘Sensitivity’ of the Plateau Farmlands LCT is noted as follows:  ‘Sensitivity – Fragility: Cultural sensitivity is moderate due to a planned, strongly unified, field pattern. The Ryton Woods area alone is high, both culturally and ecologically, due to the size of the ancient woodland. Ecological sensitivity is generally low elsewhere except for an area south of Cawston where smaller blocks of ancient woodland may also be found;

7 Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study, produced by Environmental Design Group, Environment and Economy, Warwickshire County Council in partnership with The Living Landscapes Project, 2006

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use  Sensitivity – Visibility: Visibility is generally moderate due to the gently rolling landform with only scattered trees. Where tree cover is stronger, such as south of Cawston and Ryton, visibility is lower;  Overall sensitivity: With the exception of Ryton, which has a high overall sensitivity, the remainder of this landscape type is moderate. The strongly unified pattern and the gently rolling topography with scattered trees are the key elements which contribute to its sensitivity’; and  ‘Condition: This varies considerably. A significant area to the south of Bilton, extending to the west of Dunsmore has a strong condition. This is one of the most intact areas of countryside on Rugby’s immediate urban fringe. Beyond this, there is quite a large area, between Cawston Spinney and the Road (B4429), which is in decline. At the extreme end of the spectrum, the landfill site at Lawford Heath is shown as being of "weak" condition’. (page 13) 1.3.22. The Study concludes by identifying a number of patterns, the majority of which refer to the urban fringe. However, it notes that ‘… There are large areas to the east and west of the town whose condition is also in decline but which are in less sensitive locations’. (page 19) 1.3.23. Appendix 4 includes further information regarding the above. Other Landscape Related Publications 1.3.24. Other landscape related publications have been reviewed as part of this review and are summarised below. It should be noted that there are no current Neighbourhood Plans encompassing the Site. Warwickshire Historic Landscape Characterisation Project (2010) 1.3.25. The Warwickshire Historic Landscape Characterisation Project (2010) identifies much of the area adjacent to the section of the A45 (London Road) close to the Site, as agricultural fields. This is divided into a mixture of Very Large Post War Fields, Paddocks and Closes and Planned Enclosure Historic Landscape Character Types.8 1.3.26. The document examines information provided in other sources including in relation to an earlier issue of the Dunsmore and Feldon NCA No.96 (Natural England) published in 2005. It divides the NCA into three different broad areas and the Dunsmore plateau is of note. The description highlights the pattern of mainly post-war irregular fields with limited areas of planned enclosure and large tracts of woodland. Industrial sites close to the main settlement of Rugby with small villages elsewhere are noted. (page 206)

8 Warwickshire Historic Landscape Characterisation Project, Ben Wallace, Archaeological Information and Advice, Warwickshire Museum Field Services, Warwickshire County Council, June 2010

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use Stretton-on-Dunsmore Parish Plan (2012) 1.3.27. The Stretton-on-Dunsmore Parish Plan which was published in 2012 includes information on the built form and character of the village and provides Design Guidelines, albeit most recommendations refer to residential rather than commercial development.9 1.3.28. The A45 (London Road) is noted as being to the north of the village and is part of ‘1920’s to 1950’s Expansion’. 1.3.29. In addition, the following is of note:  Conservation of the Natural Environment: ‘The parish of Stretton on Dunsmore lies within countryside designated as Green Belt. Planning policy should continue to be a general presumption against inappropriate development, which would reduce the open character of land in the Green Belt and be contrary to the purpose of its inclusion. Rugby Borough Council policy states that Green Belt affords the greatest protection of land and therefore only in exceptional circumstances will development be permitted in the Green Belt. The position is overwhelmingly supported by the residents of the parish’. (page 15);  Features and Focal Points: Reference is made to the diversion of a Public Right of Way (PRoW) in the late 1980’s with regards to ‘the old service station on the southbound A45, just to the east of the Fosse’. (page 19); and  Local Needs Survey: ‘It is vital for Stretton to preserve key facilities such as the Post Office, shop and school. Some local businesses have failed over recent years and their premises have remained redundant, falling into decay. Examples of derelict commercial premises are Bob’s Café and “Crazy Daisy’s” (successively a pub, club and restaurant), both near the A45. It is important to find sustainable uses for such previously-developed sites’. (page 23) 1.3.30. Selected Design Guidelines which are most relevant to the Site Proposals are listed below: 1.3.31. A. Affecting all Property:  ‘A15. Planning permission should normally be granted for development where the scale, form, siting, design and landscaping of the development, including the proposed use of materials and any street furniture and apparatus will preserve or enhance the character and appearance of the parish’; and

9 Stretton-on-Dunsmore Parish Plan, The Countryside Agency, 2012

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use  ‘A20. Any development or change of use that may encourage significant additional vehicle movements (particularly heavy goods) will not be supported’. 1.3.32. B. Village Setting:  ‘B2. Significant development within the Green Belt, within the Special Landscape Areas or outside the ‘village envelope’ should be vigorously discouraged’;  ‘B3. Any industrial and intensive agricultural development should be opposed within the village envelope and its immediate surroundings’.  ‘B6. Care should be taken to maintain the area of countryside between the village and the A45. The fields in the Green Belt around the village are important to the character of the parish, particularly the ‘green wedge’ of land bounded by School Lane, Brookside, the Fosse Way and the A45. This currently acts a valuable buffer between the village and the highway’; and  ‘B10. The views out of Stretton on Dunsmore are as important as the views within the village itself and should be maintained’. (pages 24 to 27) 1.3.33. ‘E. 1920’s to 1950’s Expansion - This includes (in whole or part) Plott Lane, London Road, Rugby Lane, School Lane, Moor Farm Close, Meadow Close, Fosse Way, Brookside, Hill Crescent, Croft Close and Church Hill. Guidelines from sections A, B and C above apply, plus: E1. In order to avoid in-filling of spaces between buildings, properties should be extended to the rear than the side’. 1.3.34. No Neighbourhood Plan has been prepared for Stretton-on-Dunsmore to date (as of March 2019). Landscape Sensitivity Study for Rugby Borough Council, Final Version (2016) 1.3.35. The Landscape Sensitivity Study for Rugby Borough Council, Final Version (2016) examines sensitivity for development such as housing etc. around settlements including at Stretton-on-Dunsmore.10 However, this concerns areas south of the A45 (London Road) and not the Site itself or other areas north of the route in close proximity.

10 Landscape Sensitivity Study for Rugby Borough Council, Final Version, Produced by WCC Landscape Architects on Behalf of Rugby Borough Council, August 2016

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use Summary of Landscape Character 1.3.36. Having reviewed landscape character, the following is of note. 1.3.37. The Site is not directly referenced in any existing published Landscape Character Assessments. 1.3.38. After considering the information provided through a national level at a broad scale to more detailed information in the Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993) and the Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006), there are common threads which emerge. The wider environs of the Site comprise agricultural fields which are mainly medium or large scale with woodland tracts. Urban influences include settlements of various sizes (towns and villages) and road corridors such the A45 (London Road). 1.3.39. Topography is an important aspect and areas of higher ground form ridges such as to the north of the A45 (London Road) which can be identified on Drawing ESID 1: Site Location (November 2017). Footpaths in this area are examined later in the review. 1.3.40. In terms of landscape guidelines, tree planting offers screening properties, habitat benefits and helps to assimilate new development. However, a greater emphasis is placed on integrating new development into the existing setting dependent on the site and proposals in question. 1.3.41. The Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006) represents the most recent detailed publication. The Site is located within the Dunsmore Landscape Character Area and the Plateau Farmlands Landscape Character Type. In terms of the latter, overall sensitivity is classified as moderate and the rolling topography and scattered trees are noted as key features. Such features do not directly apply to the Site itself, but are important aspects with regards to its environs and are evident through Figure L1 which is included with this review. 1.3.42. With reference to other landscape related publications, the Warwickshire Historic Landscape Characterisation Project (2010) notes the predominantly agricultural setting beyond settlement areas. 1.3.43. The Stretton-on-Dunsmore Parish Plan (2012) offers information on the built form and character of the village and provides Design Guidelines. With regards to the Site, it is located on the A45 (London Road) which is defined as ‘E. 1920’s to 1950’s Expansion’. It acknowledges that it is important to identify sustainable uses for previously-developed sites including close to the A45 (London Road). The Site itself has an established mixed land use rather than being located within open agricultural fields. The proposed scale, form, siting and design will be appropriate and will preserve the existing landscape character and context of the Green Belt.

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.3.44. It should be noted that the Site is not located within the ‘green wedge’ of land bounded by School Lane, Brookside, the Fosse Way and the A45 (London Road) which is described as an important buffer between the village and the road network. Site assessment work found that views from Stretton-on-Dunsmore towards the Site are restricted by a combination of topography, intervening vegetation such as woodland tracts and existing built form.

1.4. LANDSCAPE DESIGNATIONS Green Belt 1.4.1. The Site is located in the Green Belt which forms part of the wider West Green Belt.11 Relevant documents relating to the Green Belt are reviewed below. National Planning Policy Framework (2019) 1.4.2. The National Planning Policy Framework (2019) states in Section 13 Protecting Green Belt land that ‘The Government attaches great importance to Green Belts. The fundamental aim of Green Belt policy is to prevent urban sprawl by keeping land permanently open; the essential characteristics of Green Belts are their openness and their permanence’. (paragraph 133) 1.4.3. Paragraph 134 highlights that ‘Green Belt serves five purposes:  a) to check the unrestricted sprawl of large built-up areas;  b) to prevent neighbouring towns merging into one another;  c) to assist in safeguarding the countryside from encroachment;  d) to preserve the setting and special character of historic towns; and  e) to assist in urban regeneration, by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land’. 1.4.4. With regards to Proposals affecting the Green Belt, Paragraph 143 notes that ‘Inappropriate development is, by definition, harmful to the Green Belt and should not be approved except in very special circumstances’. Joint Green Belt Study (June 2015) 1.4.5. The Joint Green Belt Study (June 2015) was undertaken by Land Use Consultants on behalf of Rugby Borough Council and other Councils.12 1.4.6. The Site is located in Broad Area 2, whilst the areas around Stretton-on- Dunsmore, south of the A45 (London Road) are identified as land parcels SD1 to SD4. (Figure 5: Overall Assessment Findings – Rugby)

11 www.natureonthemap.naturalengland.org.uk, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019) 12 Joint Green Belt Study, Coventry City Council etc., Stage 1 Final Report for Coventry City Council, and Borough Council, Rugby Borough Council and District Council, Prepared by Land Use Consultants, June 2015

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.4.7. Broad Area 2 is described as being located ‘… between Coventry to the west and Rugby to the east. The area contains the Registered Park and Garden of , including the Grade I listed Coombe Abbey and SSSIs Coombe Pool and Brandon Marsh. There a number of significant pockets of ancient woodland within the broad area, including All Oaks Wood, New Close and Birchley Woods, Brandon Wood and Piles Coppice. It makes a considerable contribution to all five purposes of Green Belt:  Checking the sprawl of Coventry from the west and Rugby from the east;  Preventing the merging of these urban areas in the long term;  Safeguarding the countryside, particularly the flood plain of the river Avon;  Preserving the setting and special character of the historic towns of Coventry and Rugby. Panoramic views of the historic cores of both towns can be seen from a number of locations within the broad area’; and  ‘Assisting urban regeneration by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land across the ’. (paragraph 4.10) Heritage and Cultural Designations 1.4.8. Heritage and cultural designations which contribute to a sense of place and/or signify an amenity value for potential visual receptors such as footpath users and visitors have been reviewed and are summarised below. 1.4.9. Conservation Areas designated by Rugby Borough Council include the central part of Stretton-on-Dunsmore which is to the south-west of the Site. At a further distance to the north-west is the Conservation Area.13 1.4.10. The closest Listed Building is Limekiln Farmhouse, (Reference 1034876), Grade II, (E442935 N272230) which is c.600m, south-east of the Site. Others within the vicinity include:  29th Division War Memorial (formerly Monument at Junction of A45 and Fosse Way), (Reference 1034880), Grade II*, (c.900m, west); and  Manor Farmhouse and Attached Wall and Gateway, (Reference 1034881), Grade II, (c.1.3km, north-east).14

13 https://www.rugby.gov.uk/info/20084/planning_control/43/conservation_areas_and_character_appraisals, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019) 14 www.natureonthemap.naturalengland.org.uk, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019)

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.4.11. The closest Scheduled Monuments are in excess of c.2km distance from the Site:  Prehistoric pit alignment and associated features on Lawford Heath, adjacent to the northernmost Blue Boar Farm, (Reference 1020937) (c.2.3km, east); and  Prehistoric pit alignments and associated features 160m north of The Barbellows, (Reference 1020034) (c.2.3km, west).15 1.4.12. There are no National Trust Properties or Registered Parks and Gardens in close proximity to the Site. Summary of Landscape Designations 1.4.13. The key aspect to consider is the Green Belt designation and the five purposes cited in the National Planning Policy Framework (2019). 1.4.14. According to the Joint Green Belt Study (June 2015), the Site is in Broad Area 2 which is described as making a considerable contribution to all five purposes of Green Belt. The fifth purpose is of particular note given the context of the Site, namely ‘Assisting urban regeneration by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land across the West Midlands’. (paragraph 4.10) 1.4.15. Further exploration of planning policy in relation to the Green Belt has not been undertaken as part of the review, nor required at this stage. 1.4.16. There are no notable heritage and cultural designations located in close proximity to the Site.

1.5. SITE PROPOSALS 1.5.1. Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout (November 2017) prepared by Enviroarm Ltd. sets out the Site Proposals which relate to the change of use to an inert recycling and treatment facility. (Appendix 1) 1.5.2. There are no additional buildings or enclosed areas identified. The trommel will be c.3m high and hidden from likely viewpoint locations to the north of the Site due to existing features. The stocking areas are not defined and it has been assumed that they will be approximately 3m for the purpose of this review.

1.6. REVIEW OF VISUAL AMENITY OF THE SITE AND CONSIDERATION OF VISUAL IMPACT 1.6.1. Site assessment and field work undertaken by B&A in late May 2018 established that the visual amenity of the existing Site, together with the permitted or proposed uses is limited. 1.6.2. There are no views from the A45 (London Road) due to the close board fencing along the Site boundary.

15 www.natureonthemap.naturalengland.org.uk, sourced May 2018 (reviewed March 2019)

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Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.6.3. Upper windows from the residential property Abbeysfield to the immediate north-west may have views into the yard area. Whilst this will enable different land uses to be observed between the permitted uses (as an HGV yard) compared to the proposed recycling uses, the effect upon visual impact will be comparable. 1.6.4. There are no other summer views towards the Site from close range residential or commercial properties close to the Site. Some additional views of HGV traffic and use of the yard, either for permitted or proposed uses may be gained from Ferry Farm to the north-east of the Site. However, the visual impact in terms of either uses will be the same. 1.6.5. There are no views towards the Site from the local public footpath network either to the east or south of the Site. 1.6.6. Views towards the existing workshop/building and northern yard area can be gained approximately 1km north from the public footpath (R132b), immediately adjacent to Mickle Hill Farm. Figure L1: Site Photograph and Illustrative View demonstrates the context of the Site from this location. The top photograph shows the existing site and workshop/building with a zoomed photograph provided for illustrative purposes. 1.6.7. As noted, the footpath (R132b) traverses a gentle ridge at c.105mAOD which is broadly comparable to existing Site levels, albeit, the intervening ground forms a shallow valley. 1.6.8. At such a distance, the Site is seen in a wider context and aspects of the landscape character previously described are distinct, such as the rolling landform, hedgerows and woodland. The Site is glimpsed through gaps in tree cover and other buildings in the vicinity include farmsteads and associated buildings. The zoomed photograph view provides a clearer view of the Site and the existing workshop/building appears at a low level (i.e. height) with a backdrop of trees along the A45 (London Road). 1.6.9. A final assessment of the Zone of Visual Influence (ZVI) either through computer analysis or based on field work/Site assessment has not been undertaken as part of this review. However, it is clearly evident that based on information available to date, there will be no difference between current and proposed uses. 1.6.10. With respect to matters relating to landscape character, the current Site uses are clearly established and well defined. There will be no extension of the Site or loss of agricultural land associated with the Site Proposals. The permitted HGV/transport related uses and those of the recycling process will have no difference of effect upon the existing landscape character or the Site setting.

Bright & Associates Page LR1130, March 2019 14

Enviroarm Ltd. & Mr. J. Fitzpatrick 242 London Road, Stretton-On-Dunsmore, Warwickshire, Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use 1.7. SUMMARY OF THE REVIEW 1.7.1. The landscape and visual review has compared the proposed Site uses to the baseline context. In this instance, it is understood that the Site has a current permitted use for HGV/transport related activities. The Site Proposals relate to the change of use to an inert recycling and treatment facility and are set out on Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout (November 2017). (Appendix 1) 1.7.2. In terms of the effect upon visual amenity, there would be no identifiable increase in visual context between the two options described above. 1.7.3. With regards to landscape character, the boundaries of the Site are well defined and there is no alteration to the land use, for example agricultural fields to commercial/industrial uses. 1.7.4. It is evident, based upon the assessment gathered to date, that neither visual amenity or landscape character would be compromised, and the development offers a sustainable use of an existing site. When considering visual impact and landscape character, no further adverse effects will take place. 1.7.5. The disruption from Green Belt or indeed open countryside has already taken effect. Thus, the continued use of the Site either for the current permitted use or the proposed recycling uses are in effect the same. 1.7.6. The opportunity to use the Site for recycling purposes within the Green Belt location with no further adverse landscape and visual effect is beneficial, and therefore, offers a sustainable option. 1.7.7. When considering the National Planning Policy Framework (2019), the five purposes of the Green Belt cited in paragraph 134 remain intact and the Site is wholly sustainable in this regard. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that in the context of both landscape and visual amenity, that the Site Proposals do not represent inappropriate development nor would they be harmful to the Green Belt. In conclusion, that there are ‘very special circumstances’ that exist in the context of the National Planning Policy Framework (2019).

Bright & Associates Page LR1130, March 2019 15

FIGURE LIST

FIGURE NO. TITLE

Figure L1 Site Photograph and Illustrative View

The existing site and building

Viewpoint from public footpath to the east of Mickle Hill Farm, looking southward

The existing site and building

Zoomed photograph of above view for illustrative purposes

Client: ENVIROARM &

Project: Mr J FITZPATRICK Landscape and Visual Review of Existing Site and Future Change of Use

Title: Site Photograph and Illustrative View

CAD Ref: Version: Drawn by: Scale: Origin Date: LR1130-D1v1 1 RB NA June 2018

bright & associates Drawing: landscape and environmental consultants Pear Tree House Dovaston Oswestry SY10 8DP Figure L1 01691 682 773 www.bright-associates.co.uk Registered Practice

APPENDIX 1

Drawing ESID 3: Proposed Layout, Enviroarm Ltd. (November 2017)

APPENDIX 2

Extracts from the Dunsmore and Feldon National Character Area No.96 (2013)

National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

www.naturalengland.org.uk

1

National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

Introduction National Character Areas map

As part of Natural England’s responsibilities as set out in the Natural Environment White Paper1, Biodiversity 20202 and the European Landscape Convention3, we are revising profiles for England’s 159 National Character Areas (NCAs). These are areas that share similar landscape characteristics, and which follow natural lines in the landscape rather than administrative boundaries, making them a good decision-making framework for the natural environment.

NCA profiles are guidance documents which can help communities to inform their decision-making about the places that they live in and care for. The information they contain will support the planning of conservation initiatives at a landscape scale, inform the delivery of Nature Improvement Areas and encourage broader partnership working through Local Nature Partnerships. The profiles will also help to inform choices about how land is managed and can change.

Each profile includes a description of the natural and cultural features that shape our landscapes, how the landscape has changed over time, the current key drivers for ongoing change, and a broad analysis of each area’s characteristics and ecosystem services. Statements of Environmental Opportunity (SEOs) are suggested, which draw on this integrated information. The SEOs offer guidance on the critical issues, which could help to achieve sustainable growth and a more secure environmental future. 1 The Natural Choice: Securing the Value of Nature, Defra NCA profiles are working documents which draw on current evidence and (2011; URL: www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm80/8082/8082.pdf) 2 knowledge. We will aim to refresh and update them periodically as new Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy for England’s Wildlife and Ecosystem Services, Defra information becomes available to us. (2011; URL: www.defra.gov.uk/publications/files/pb13583-biodiversity-strategy-2020-111111.pdf) 3 European Landscape Convention, Council of Europe We would like to hear how useful the NCA profiles are to you. You can contact the (2000; URL: http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/176.htm) NCA team by emailing [email protected]

2 National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

Summary

Dunsmore and Feldon is predominantly a rural, agricultural landscape, crossed by and comprises most of the south-eastern part of Warwickshire. It is a rural numerous small rivers and tributaries and varying between a more open character landscape strongly influenced by post-medieval enclosures of former strip in the Feldon area and a wooded character in Dunsmore. The name Feldon fields, heavy clay soil and frequent small, compact villages. This NCA is refers to the old English term feld meaning ‘open cleared land’ and expresses the drained by the rivers Avon and Leam flowing in a south-westerly direction. contrast, in medieval times, with the more wooded Arden area to the north-west. Flood meadows, characterised by great burnet and meadow foxtail, occur The area is mainly within Warwickshire, with the southern boundary delineated on the regularly flooded alluvial soils. There is an important water resource by the steep limestone escarpment of the Cotswolds, and the northern boundary at Reservoir which has the capacity to provide drinking water and by the Vales. To the west lie the well-wooded pastures of Arden, recreation for the local area. together with the Severn and Avon Vales, while the undulating pastures and low hills of the Uplands form the eastern border. Coventry, which sits on the border of Dunsmore and It is an important food producing area and the agricultural expanse of Feldon and Arden, exerts a National Character Area 96 94 Leicestershire large arable fields, improved pasture and small villages forms a transitional huge influence, especially Dunsmore & Feldon Vales

Note: In most instances, the NCA boundary is not precisely mapped and should be considered as a landscape between the surrounding National Character Areas (NCAs). The land in the north of the area. The zone of transition between NCAs. to the north comprises the wedge-shaped area of low ridges and valleys lying other main settlements in 97 between , Coventry and Rugby, and is known as Dunsmore. Dunsmore and Feldon are Arden This still retains a character of historic heathland and woodlands such as the Rugby and Leamington Spa. Woodlands which are the most important cluster of ancient Seven per cent of this area is woodlands in Warwickshire and an outstanding example of a large area of classed as urban. To the south, semi-natural habitat. The woods sometimes create a sense of confinement the area becomes more rural 95 Northamptonshire in the generally open landscape. The fringes of the plateaux are all similar in and undulating as it merges Uplands 106 character but have open views framed by low hills and settlements. into the Cotswolds in the Severn & Avon Vales neighbouring NCA. One per NCA 96 boundary 89 Other NCA boundary In the south the landform becomes more undulating with low hill tops, clay cent of this area falls within the Area outside NCA 96 Area of Outstanding Cotswolds Natural Beauty 0 10km1 vales, sparse woodland and hedgerows, now largely denuded of the large Cotswolds Area of Outstanding 107

Cotswolds Reproduced by permissionpermissi of Ordnance Survey on behalf off HMSO.HMMSO. c Crown copyright and database right 2013. All rights reserved.ervede elm trees that once grew in abundance. This area is known as the Feldon Natural Beauty. Natural Englandngland OS licence number 100022021 Click map to enlarge; click again to reduce.

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National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

The historic character of this area is very important, in particular its ancient woodlands, enclosed fields, veteran trees, landscaped parklands and areas of archaeological interest, including deserted villages and numerous sites of remnant ridge and furrow. The Fosse Way Roman military road passes through the area and has influenced patterns of settlement in this NCA. Earthwork remains of medieval settlements and associated field systems at Radwell, Tysoe and are three of the most coherent medieval township landscapes in existence in England.

The area is facing key challenges around how to protect and enhance its assets and recreational resource while accommodating the pressure for sustainable modern growth and development and the needs of the communities who live there.

Settlement is more nucleated around the plateau fringes, typically comprising loose clusters of dwellings in brick.

4 National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

Description

Physical and functional links to other National Character Areas

This is a transitional National Character Area (NCA), moving from the wooded landscape of Arden in the north to the more agricultural and market garden lands of the Severn and Avon Vales in the south-west. It is mainly bordered by rural and agricultural landscape, although there are some large urban areas in neighbouring NCAs. To the west and on the border of Dunsmore and Feldon lie the city of Coventry and the well-wooded landscape of Arden. To the north and north-east lie the open agricultural lands of the Mease/Sence Lowlands and the Leicestershire Vales. To the east are the undulating pastures and low hills of the Northamptonshire Uplands. To the south-west of the area and linked by the M40 are the Severn and Avon vales, and on the southern edge the area is defined by the steep escarpment of the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, with Edge Hill, which is the highest point in this NCA, being a prominent landmark.

The Fosse Way Roman road which joins Lincoln to Exeter cuts through the area, Leamington Spa with Ford Foundry Works and part of River Avon and . dividing it in half from the north to a south-westerly direction and linking it with several NCAs such as the Leicestershire Vales, the Cotswolds and Severn Gloucestershire. The Avon joins the Severn at Tewkesbury in the Severn and and Avon Vales. Avon Vales NCA. Draycote Reservoir provides drinking water for communities in the Arden NCA as well as within Dunsmore and Feldon. The Avon catchment drains into the River Severn and Bristol Channel via the River Avon and its tributaries (for example, the Leam and the Sowe), Across the area some long views are possible but tend to be curtailed by the thereby functionally and ecologically linking several NCAs in the counties flat landform, hedgerows and hedgerow trees. The best views across this NCA of Northamptonshire, Leicestershire, Warwickshire, and into Arden in the north and the Cotswolds in the south are from Edge Hill.

6

National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

Several motorways in the area provide transportation corridors through the landscape, such as the M40 which connects Arden with Dunsmore and Feldon and beyond through the Northamptonshire Uplands, the Chilterns and on into London. The Grand Union Canal follows a similar route. The M45 starts in this area and travels through the Northamptonshire Uplands to join the M1 and through into the Northamptonshire Vales.

Long-distance walking routes, such as the Millennium Way, link from north to south across this area into Arden NCA and the Cotswolds NCA. There are networks of rights of way linking the urban areas of Coventry and Rugby into this more rural area.

Distinct areas

¯ Dunsmore

¯ Feldon

Draycote Reservoir provides local drinking water and is a valuable recreational and biodiversity resource.

7 National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

Key characteristics on the Hill. ¯ Predominantly nucleated settlement pattern with a low density of isolated ¯ The sense of a predominantly quiet, rural landscape is heightened by its close farmsteads and some field barns sitting within a landscape of piecemeal and proximity to several urban areas, with a gently undulating landscape of low planned enclosure of the open fields which extended from the villages over hills, heathland plateaux and clay vales separated by the occasional upstanding large parts of this area. Many villages have recently expanded but the traditional escarpment. buildings, constructed of red brick or Lias limestone, still retain their blue brick or ¯ The underlying lower Lias clays and Mercia mudstones are similar throughout ironstone details. Dunsmore and Feldon but the Quaternary ‘superficial’ deposits are what mark ¯ The busy roads and large industrial units on the outskirts of the main settlements the change in character between Dunsmore and Feldon. of Leamington Spa, Coventry and Rugby exert an urban influence on the ¯ Light sandy soils associated with the west (Dunsmore) supporting mixed surrounding area. farming and some intensive arable with fertile alkaline soils to the east (Feldon) ¯ Limestone quarrying for the cement industry was formerly a feature in the centre supporting grazed pasture. and south of the area, and disused quarries are now prominent elements in the ¯ Generally low woodland cover across the area, although there are areas of well- landscape. The rock exposures and spoil heaps are of geological importance, as wooded character and ancient woodlands, especially in the north, providing well as having interesting limestone grassland communities. habitats for bluebells, molluscs and fritillary butterflies; these woodlands are linked with landscaped parklands and hedgerow trees. ¯ Remnants of the formerly extensive Dunsmore Heath, preserving characteristic heathland archaeology, can still be found in woodland clearings. Natural regeneration on sand and gravel soils also occurs along roadside verges, although bracken is often abundant. ¯ Narrow, meandering river valleys with pollarded willows, streamside alders and patches of scrub supporting dipper, kingfisher, otter and Atlantic stream crayfish. ¯ Canals, including the Grand Union Canal, and Draycote Reservoir provide important riparian habitats and a well-used recreational resource. ¯ Mainly large fields, with regular or rectilinear shapes, although some smaller The busy roads and large industrial units on Narrow, meandering river valley habitats fields also feature. Numerous areas of remnant ridge-and-furrow and earthwork the outskirts of the main settlements exert support species such as the dipper. remains of medieval settlements as found at Lower Tysoe, Radwell and Napton an urban influence on the surrounding area.

8

National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

SEO 3: Protect and manage the mosaic of habitats including woodlands, hedgerows and heathlands, particularly ancient and semi-natural woodlands, together with sustainable management of agricultural land, and new planting of woodland and heathland, where appropriate, to ensure continued provision of food, to extend the timber and biomass resource and to contribute to pollination, biodiversity and carbon storage, and for the benefits to soil and water management.

For example by: ¯ Maintaining, restoring and creating semi-natural habitats – heathland and ¯ Increasing woodland and maintaining heathland in good condition to benefit lowland acid grassland (particularly on the Dunsmore plateau), new planting carbon storage in soils. of woodland, especially in the well-wooded areas in the north of the National ¯ Ensuring that future management is informed by the need to retain features Character Area (NCA), parkland, lowland meadows and lowland calcareous of heritage interest, and the potential for new discoveries relating to historic grassland, particularly adjacent to existing areas of habitat, to strengthen and woodland and pre-woodland land management such as settlement extend the habitat network and so that resilience to climate change impacts is earthworks. improved. ¯ Ensuring that any new woodland planting is generally appropriate, making a ¯ Exploring the potential to re-create heathland (and other Biodiversity Action contribution to increasing the overall woodland coverage in the region and Plan habitats that are beneficial to pollinating invertebrates), by increasing integrating new development into the landscape, as well as boosting carbon its quality and extent, and by strengthening the interconnectivity of habitat storage. networks. ¯ Managing the heathland remnants in favourable condition to encourage the ¯ Working with conservation groups, landowners and local authorities to bring greatest diversity of plants that will attract pollinating invertebrates. woodlands into active sensitive management and re-introducing coppicing ¯ Working with the Cotswolds AONB to ensure that their Landscape Strategy and to restore and enhance the biodiversity value of these neglected woodlands, Guidelines and other guidance adopted by the Board for the Cotswolds are retain their wooded character and potentially increase biomass production taken into account. from existing areas of woodland; and buffering existing woodlands and ¯ Working with farmers to manage arable cropping patterns in order to encouraging natural regeneration in adjacent areas to increase the area of encourage rarer arable plants, farmland birds and mammals and create grass woodland habitat, while ensuring that native provenance is retained. margins around arable fields while maintaining food production. ¯ Creating new woodlands on the urban edges of Coventry, Leamington Spa ¯ Increasing woodland and shelterbelts, restoring ‘gappy’ hedgerows in poor and Rugby, following existing patterns to screen urban development, enhance condition to act as windbreaks, bind the soil to reduce soil erosion and recreational opportunities and improve green infrastructure. reinforce landscape character, and to support foraging and nesting of birds, ¯ Seeking opportunities to plant energy crops of native species to increase bats and other wildlife. biomass production while maintaining the overall open character of the ¯ Conserving species-rich hedgerows, wood banks and field margins to restore landscape and open views from woodland through to the wider countryside. biodiversity and to enhance connectivity between woodlands and other habitats.

18 National Character 96: Dunsmore and Feldon Area profile: Supporting documents

Key facts Landscape Analysis Introduction & Summary Description Opportunities and data change

SEO 4: Protect and manage the landscape character, high tranquillity levels and the historic settlement character to enhance sense of place and of history and to promote recreational opportunities; and ensure that new development is sensitively located and designed, integrate green infrastructure links into development, encourage new woodland planting to soften urban fringe developments and promote recreational assets such as the National Cycle Routes.

For example by: ¯ Planning of new woodlands around settlement fringes to help to ¯ Integrating co-ordinated provision of green infrastructure into any integrate new development into the landscape and absorb the scale of development so that it offers the local community opportunities to urban edge development, particularly in the urban fringes of Coventry enjoy their local green space and to take action to improve it. This will and Rugby. have benefits for the health and wellbeing of those living in the NCA, as ¯ Exploiting opportunities presented by the undeveloped nature of well as providing benefits to biodiversity. the and its juxtaposition with large urban ¯ Ensuring that any new developments incorporate well-designed populations to secure green infrastructure features, especially green infrastructure, to include improved access and recreational accessible semi-natural green spaces, linear routes and landscape opportunities for local communities and visitors, providing them with a enhancements to be delivered as part of wider infrastructure range of benefits, including health and economic benefits, afforded by enhancement in relation to the continued growth of Coventry, Rugby access to good-quality green spaces. and Leamington Spa. ¯ Managing the post-industrial cement and quarry sites in the ¯ Enhancing the interconnectivity of high-quality green or semi-natural Princethorpe/Bubbenhall/Ryton complex to deliver habitat and access spaces and linear routes and the opportunity for multifunctional benefits. benefits to accrue from those spaces; and creating permissive access ¯ Conserving more remote areas from development by working to ensure routes for all abilities to link with the public rights of way network and that traditional settlement patterns are retained and maintaining local routes, open access sites or additional circular routes for all levels relatively high levels of tranquillity beyond the M40; and of user to points of interest such as river/watersides, historic sites and managing the expansion of the transport network, ensuring that environmental features, and near to population centres (Coventry, improvements are carefully planned to provide positive landscape Rugby and Leamington Spa). benefits.

19

APPENDIX 3

Extracts from the Warwickshire Landscapes Guidelines (1993)

APPENDIX 4

Extracts from the Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study (2006)

Warwickshire County Council

Landscape Assessment of the Borough of Rugby Sensitivity and Condition Study

Dunsmore

The area known as Dunsmore is characterised by a range of historical and Plateau Farmlands ecological associations, which are strongly influenced by the underlying geology of the region. It lies almost wholly within Rugby Borough, comprising The Plateau Farmlands is a very distinctive landscape – the gently rolling, low an area of low glacial plateaux and incised, meandering river valleys lying glacial plateau being characterised by: an "empty" landscape of former waste between Leamington Spa, Coventry and Rugby. The widespread occurrence with few roads and little settlement; a regular, geometric field pattern defined of glacial sands and gravels is reflected in the strong association with former by closely cropped hawthorn hedges; many mature hedgerow oaks; large common and heath. Although none of the heath remains today, the blocks of ancient woodland; remnants of heathy vegetation in woodlands and occurrence of remnant heathy vegetation, the late enclosure pattern of large roadside verges, such as birch and bracken. geometric fields, and the abundance of "Heath" names, all impart a strong sense of regional identity. Light sandy soils and large geometric fields have Sensitivity – Fragility: Cultural sensitivity is moderate due to a planned, resulted in an intensively farmed landscape. The extent of semi-natural habitat strongly unified, field pattern. The Ryton Woods area alone is high, both is therefore rather limited to: pockets of unimproved grasslands; flood culturally and ecologically, due to the size of the ancient woodland. meadows and associated wetland habitats along the river corridors; and to Ecological sensitivity is generally low elsewhere except for an area south two major ancient woodland complexes to the south and east of Coventry. of Cawston where smaller blocks of ancient woodland may also be These ancient woodlands, together with characteristic mature hedgerow oaks, found. and historic parklands, give this region a well-wooded appearance. Sensitivity – Visibility: Visibility is generally moderate due to the gently Dunsmore can be sub-divided into three different landscape types, each of rolling landform with only scattered trees. Where tree cover is stronger, which is characterised by a particular aspect of the wider regional character: such as south of Cawston and Ryton, visibility is lower.

• Plateau Farmlands Overall sensitivity: With the exception of Ryton, which has a high overall sensitivity, the remainder of this landscape type is moderate. The • Plateau Fringe strongly unified pattern and the gently rolling topography with scattered trees are the key elements which contribute to its sensitivity. • Dunsmore Parklands Condition: This varies considerably. A significant area to the south of Bilton, extending to the west of Dunsmore has a strong condition. This is one of the most intact areas of countryside on Rugby’s immediate urban fringe. Beyond this, there is quite a large area, between Cawston Spinney and the Coventry Road (B4429), which is in decline. At the extreme end of the spectrum, the landfill site at Lawford Heath is shown as being of "weak" condition.

13 bright & associates landscape and environmental consultants

Pear Tree House Dovaston Oswestry Shropshire SY10 8DP 01691 682 773 [email protected] www.bright-associates.co.uk

A Registered Practice of the Landscape Institute