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Stool Histories, Vol. 1

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Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Ashanti Stool Histories, Vol. 1

Author/Creator Agyeman-Duah, Joseph; Wilks, Ivor; Institute of African Studies; University of Contributor Darkwa, K. Ampom (compiled by), Obaka, B.C. (compiled by) Date 1976-10 Resource type Books English, Akan Subject Coverage (spatial) Volta-Tano Watershed, Ghana, Asante Temples Source Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana at Legon Rights Ivor Wilks, Joseph Agyeman-Duah, and the Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana at Legon. Description The term ‘stool’ was coined by the British to describe the intricately carved wooden seats of the Akan which serve as symbols of political office and ritual observance. These ‘stool’ histories are the histories of political offices within the Asante Kingdom's bureaucracy and the people who, through inheritance or appointment, occupied them from the inception of the state in the late 17th century to late 20th century. Existing primarily in oral form, the histories of these offices were collected and translated by Joseph Agyeman-Duah and Ivor Wilks. Format extent 610 pages (length/size)

http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.CH.DOCUMENT.ashsto_01

http://www.aluka.org ASH= STOOL V 0 L U. M (IAS accý,' noz. llo) Recordødby i J. Agyemn..~ j C.bmýiled by X., 4wpom Da~.a and B. Cg Obaka ý",ITTiTE --,,OP APRIG&N, W-U-DIM' EMITY OP GRAN&

ASHANTI STOOL HISTORIES Volune I IAS ac. nos., I- 0 IND E; X Vi ace. no. D E S C R I P T I0 N Pages 1 Asokwahene Batahene Stool History I - 3 2 Ankobia Stool History 1-4 3 VAnanta Stool History 1-4 %4 Asrappong Stool History 5 Adwn Stool History 1-6 6 History of the Asantehene's Talkingo Drums - Atunpan 7 samangStoolHistory 1-7 8 Akyawkron Stool History 1-5 9 Atipin Stool History 1- 6 10 TheHistoryoftheLakeBosumtwi I- 2 11 > History of - Origins and how Ejisu) first became a member of the Ashanti ) 1 - 3 C onfederacy. ) 412 Dadinsoaba Stool History 1- 5 13 Chief Goldsmith Stool History 14 Asotfuo Stool History 1-3 15 Gyase Stool History 1-3" 16 JuabenParamountStoolHistory 1- 9 17 g Alwaboa Stool History 1-4 18 Ohwi Stool History 1-9 19 NYm-bon Stool History 20 1kabon Stool Linguist I-a

- 2- IAS aco6no, DESCRIPTION rgr 21 Lrcj Stool History 1* 22 Nsum-k-:A rtool History1' 23 Boakya Yari Stool History 1 4 24 Oclu:?7v.W Horn Stool'History 25 History of' Kwadwom126 N..n 3o3 History l~ 27,H~ ir of Aýuntehenet's Ezecutioners - brafoa 1i~ 28 n550yoko S2ool. History-1 5 29 Mautin~ Sto ol. History 15 30 !Asantchcos Stool Oarriers History 1 - 3 31 > IéIaning of' Kronti and Aicwazu Clans 1 - 2 32 14åtiti Stool History I - 4 33 ..-Ceronony of IrListoolrient of' Oturnfuo åsantehene 1- 8 34 Antoa S Lol Histc ry 1-4 35 >Kaaso- Stool History. 36 Stool History of' Maboahene-Sanda.ls Chief) of Ås=Ätc'ho l) 37 Kodu. lopa Stool History 1i 38 Akvari. Stool History a39 'Bantv-i Stool History -Part I 40 -r': l.n E~-'story -Part MI 5 41 Sana>ýýooiHistory 1-5 42 ånarih:l.o Stool History 1-5 43 afi t.i.Axoanin Stool History 1 .« 44 KoXý'-oolHistory ~ -6 45 At-Yno rco Lon Stool History 1 46 Gy-,,bi axr7. ?.irhenle Stool History1 47 IW ronvo Ztogl History 1 3 48 j&xv tc- c'i . Stok History (Iucyeane Stool) 1-4

- 3 - IAS ace. no. D E S C R I P T 0 Nages " 49 Afa'ri Stool History I - 3. 50 Suane Stool History 1-3 51 Anononsa Stool History 1 - 3 52 Saamang Stool History 1 - 4 *53 Breoang Stool History 1-3 54 -,-Bantata,-Baanu Stool History v, 1 - 9 55 ObogoParanountStoolHistory 1-5 56 Oyo1o.i.rpnan Stool Historyi',/ I - 8 57 Mentia Stool History 1-4 58 Baworo Stool History 1-4 59 Boadu Linguist Stool History 1- 2 60 Esereso Stool History 1-6 61 Juansa Stool Histotly 62 Agq'o Stool History -6 63 Odunase Stool History 1-6 ,64 Mariponten Stool History 1-9 65 Deboosd Stool History 1-2 66 Dua Kyanie Stool History 1-3 67 Lwhiase Stool History I-5 68 Nafati Stool History,, 1-2 69 Asem ''tool History 1-6 70 FontonfronDrumStoolHistory 1- 4 71 Omanti, Stool History 72 lboaten Stool History 75 BoakyO Yan Linguist Stool History I - 5 74 Fe:-..ase Stool History 1-5 75 Akinkade Linguist Stool History Ii- 3 76 Asimfo Stool History 17' Arakon Stool History 1-

- 4 - IAS ac. no. D 3 S.C R I P T I 0 Pages -"78 ...... naseStoolHistory -6.-6 79 . "Asokore Naripong Stool 'RIIstory 1 - 6 80 .Akurxnten Stool History- 4 81 Nsenie Stool History 1- 6 82 Stool History I-3 83 Some Stool History', - 2 84 AyebiaIyere Sto6l History z 85 Funesua Stool History 1-4 86 Ofiri and Manso Stool History I - 6 .87 Sewuah Stool History 1- 8 88 Adwaase Stool Hibtory -3 ,89 Adanse Paramount Stool History 1 - 7 90 Obuokron Stool History 1-4 .91 Baaa Stool Histor 1- 6 _92 Danpoo=. Stool History I 93 Nkaniasehene Stool History 94 Essieninpong Stool History 1-4 95 Adonten Stool Histor 1- 7 96 Abenase Stool History 1-4 .97 Hiawu Stool History- 198 Anoanan Stool History -3 99 Anwoaso Stool Histo67y. 100 IkKronko Stool History "-4 .101 Gyenyaase St.9.ol History 1- 3 102 kawie-Kuna Stool History 1-6 103 Nfe'nsi Stool History 1-4 104 Niagyegyefuo Stool History 3 105 Bosiase Stool History 1-5 106 Akyenpin Stool History' 1-9

- 5 - IASacc.no. DESCRIPTI0N Pages 107 Stool History 1-8 108 Nkarawa Stool History 1 - 3 109 Suma Stool History I-2 110 Konyaso Stool History 1-7

Classification: Kofi Poku, Asok-wahene Opanin Kojo Donkor, lbogyemogyehene (Queenmother1s stoo, Atta Kwame., Amoakohene Opanin a7ame Wuo. Nkrabenhene Recoraed la: J. Agyeman-Duah Date: 3rd February., 1963 Subj ec : ASOMAHENE - BATAHENEý Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana., Legon. March.. 1963 IAS acc. no. AS.1 In:Cormants:

Asokwa is about 5 miles from . jIt is on the KuntenaseKokofu . stoll is one of Nhenkwaah stool: it is neither ancestral nor Mma Dwa Stool. It is only the Asantehene who uses his prerogative in the appointment.of a candidate for the stool. In cdse the stool becomes vacant the electors elect their own candidate ani. present him to 'Otumfuo. If the Asantehene refuses the candidate thb fekufuo, or electors, will come to appoint a new candidate and if he is accepted then he will be allowed to swear to Otumfuo with the Mpomponsuo Sword. The Asokwahene comes into the category of Gyase Clan Asantehene' s Gyase. The main duty of the Asokwahene is to be responsible for the horns of the Asantehene. It is also said the Asokwahene or Batahene is responsible for the trading enterprise of Asantehene. In olden days he was sent abroad, say to the coast land, to buy drinks, salt, clothing at the request of Otumfuo. It is said Asokwa people so sent would have to travel on foot for about 20 days before they could get to the coast. The Asokwa people are also responsible for weeding, fencing of Asantehene' s palace and cutting of firewood for the Asantehene. When calling at Ahenfie the Asokwahene must pass throughKyeame Boakye . He must inform the Okyeame about his mission and the OkyeAme will get permission for him. The Asokwahene or Batahene has a black stool. The Asokwa stool is said to have been created 'by king Osei--Tutu Opimsuo. it is said that when Nana Osei Tutu was about to wage war with the Denkyeras, Nananom Nuamoah and Akwadan, then resident at Denky'tra heard of this invasion, so they rather took shelter at Kumasi prior to this war. They came on the ide of king Osei Tutu. They came with their own stool from Denkyera. It is said that at Denkera Suamuah and Akwadan, were the ancestors of the Asokwa stool of DerAyera during the reign of Nana Boa Amponaem, the Denk yerahene. So on arrival at Kumasi they appealed to Nana Osei Tgtu for a place of abode. The original place given them to stay was Nwabis6 Bonso near ; this place was considered to be too far from the capital so they appealed to the king at a later date and he gave them another place for ablde. So they came to Kumasi tvwn near the Government Transport (or U.T.C. Wholesale Store), known as Asokwa Soror, Asokwa on the hill. They became hemmed in there. They could not get food for their children so they were compelled to leave for the place called Sede, that is the place where we have the present Broadcasting Station:

It is said there, that there was an evil object on that ground known as Amunomuni, which caused the death of so mahy children that they were compelled -o leave the place for the present area. So theyinformed Opimsuo that they had' discovered a 'certain hill, known as Bepo Ben (Red Hill) a d they Would like to inhabit there. He allowed . as much. This is the present place of abode of Batahene or .Asokwahene of Asantehene. So this Chief of Denkyera, Nuamah, was succeeded by his brother, Akwadan. He also succeeded him during the reign of Nana 0sei Tutu. It is said in case Otumfo wanted to send somebody to a far di stance to negotiate or to buy something in the coast-land for him, he informed the Asokwahene or Batahene who in turn appointed some of his people as such. It is said that the Asokwa people do notgo to war at all. Akwadan was succeeded by Asokwa Kessie during the reign of Nana Opoku Ware Katakye. Asokua Kessie, it is said., was the son of Nana Akwadan.1 He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Akosa: he was a brother of Nana Asokwa Kessie. He was also enstooled during the reign of Nana Opoku Ware. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Antoh. He was a brother of Nana Akosa. He reigned up to the time of Nana Osei Kwadwo, the great fighting king who fought in the broad day light. He was succeeded on the stool by Kwesi Ampong who was a son of Nana Osei Kwadwo during the Xoi g of Nana Bonsu Panyin. tHe ,as succeeded on the stool by Nana Atta Kwadwo, a son of Kwesi Ampong. He reigned up to the -ime of Nana Osei Asibe Bonsu. Atta Kwadwo, mho reigned for a long time, was on the stool when King Prempeh I retutfned fvm Seychelles. ''"He was succeeded by Nana Koff Poku, the present chief of the Asokwa stool, who took oath of allegiance to thepresent Asantehene, NaaO 0sei Agyeman Prempeh II.

- 3 - LIST OFCHIEFS OFASOKWAM STOOL 0*q *oO0a Nuamoah Akwadan Asokwa Kessie Akosa Kwadwo Antoh Kwesi Ampong Atta Kwadwo (He was on the stool before the king was taken to Seychelles) Kofi Poku (He took the oath of allegiance to the present king). Chief n it 1 st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Gth 7th 8th

IAS acc. No.AS 2 Informants: Nana Asumani, Ankobeahene KIyeame Kwaku Baah, Ankobeahene's Linguist, Kwane Boakye, Senior Servant of Ankobeahene Recorded by: Date: Subject: J. Agyeman-Duah 7th January, 1963 ANKOBIA STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. arch, 1963. Classification:

The Ankobiahene is the Head Clan Chief of the Ankobia Clan. He swears to the Asantehene with the Mpomponsuo Sword. It is a stool of patrilinel descent. It is a stool for the grandsons of the Aaantehene. The king can also appoint ordinary persons to the stool if he so wishes, when the stool becomes vacant. Traditional2y, the Ankobia is the body guard of Asantehene. The Ankobia Clan always follows the king when he is going to war - the back-bone and body guard of the king. .%' This stool was created by Nana Osei Kwadwo, the great fighting king who fought in the broad daylight. He was traditionally known as '0ko Awiah'_ The first chief of the Ankobia was called Kra Patapaafu from Oduropim, a village near Daaban and Sukoban about four miles from Kumasi. Kra Patapaafu, it is said, went to Banda with Nana Osei Kwadwo where the chief of Banda, VTorosa, was decapitated and, his head sent to Kumasi. He was succeeded to the stool by Busumoru Dwanini, a brother of Kra Patapaafu during the reign of Nana Osei Kwame - Asantehene. It is said it was during this period that the Atipin Stool was created by Nana Osei Kwame under the Ankobia Clan. Nana nusumoro Dwanini, a brother of Kra Patapaafu, was succeeded on the stool by Nana Amondwuah during the reign of Nana Poku Fofie. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Nkansah during the reign of Nana Bonsu Panyin. It is said he went to the war with the king. It is further said that.. it was during that. time that the king Nana Bonsu created the Anaminako Stool to come under the Ankobia Clan. Nkansah, it is said, was a royal of the Stool. He reigned up to Nana Agyeman's time. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Kwaku Tawiah during the reign of this same king, Nap4.Agyeman, that is Nana Kwaku Dua I. It is said that this chief was a man of opulence. He was a chief of means and substance. He was a relative:of Nkansa. He was succeeded by Atta Gyamfi during the reign of Nana Kofi Karikari. He was destooled for mal-administration. : He was succeeded by Prince Owusu Yaw Kuma (a son of Nana Bonsu Panyin). 'He died on the stool during the reign of Nana Mensah Bonsu. He was succeeded on the stool by Yaw Kyem, a grandson of the . He was destooled for mal-administration. He was enstooled during war, that is before King Prempeh I was taken away to Seycheles Island. He was succeeded to the stool by a grandson of the Golden Stool, Nana Kwame Kusi. He was enstooled

- 2 before King Prempeh was taken to Seychelles. He was on the stool during Yaa Asantewah campaign. Otumfuo returned from Seychelles to meet him on the stool. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Osei Kojo, grandson of the stool, during this present king. He was destooled for rebelling against the present king. Mr. 0.S. Agyeman, a native of and popular citizen of Kumasi, was the ring leader of this conspiracy. He was exiled along with others. He was succeeded by Dwanini, a grandson on the stool. He spent 1.3 years on the stcol. on the stool by Nana Kvaku Asumani, the present Kumasi, who is about 80 years old. He has been the stool. of the Stool. He died He was succeeded Ankobiahene of about 13 years on CHIEFS OF ANKOBIA STOOL i st Chief 2nd Chief 3rd Chief 4th Chief 5th Chief 6th Chief 7th Chief 8th Chief 9th Chief 10th Chief 11 th Chief 12th Chief Kra Patapaafu Busumoru Dwanini Amondwuah Nkansah Kwaku Tawiah Atta Gyamfi (destooled) Prince Owusu Yaw Kuma Yaw Kyem (destooled) Kwame Kusi : Osei Kojo (destooled) Dwanini Kwaku Asumani (the present chief)

Classification: Informant: Recorded by: Date: IAS acc. no. AS.3 Bafuor Awuah, Anantehene J. Agyeman-Duah 25th January, 1963 ANANTA STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963.

- 2 (9) Kumsohene 0I a Nsansiehene - Pemenasehene 1i Wabirihene 12 Mpatuamhene (13 Kumasi Suntresohene (DikrO) Aberepo No. I Dikro M 1 Aberepo No. 2 Dikro 16 Asokorehene- Gyadam. (17 Sekyerehene 1 18 Adadientehene 19 Barakege Dikro, and others It is said that the King, after creating this stool, ordered that he had laid his trust in the Ananta stool in that it was a big and strong stool, constituted of prominent chiefs of the greatest dignity. He therefore ordered that it should be his personal military Division. The king was thus named Oti Purukusa Odi na Ananta mu, whilst taking the field for war with the Golden Stool " the Palladin 'of the Nation behind him. The Anantahene is also responsible for the worshipping of the King's soul (Kra). He worships the King' s Nyame or Kra. He goes to the Krafie on such ceremonial occasions (sacred Place of the King) with his gun, to keep guard whilst worship is taking plae and to meet any eventualities. The stool was created by Nana Opoku Ware. Nana Fosu went to Gyaman War where the chief of Abo was captured. He also went to Takyiman war when Ameyaw was captured and decapitated. It is said that Nana Opoku Ware was on the stool. He went to Akim Kotoku War. At that time Frimpong Manso was the chief of Akim Kotoku. He was killed, his villages looted, destroyed and shared amongst Kumasi Abirimpon. These captives of war are now known as Ashanti- !ldmfoo. He was succeeded on the stool by Amp!.m Odie Atuo, his son. It is said that at this time there were no ripe.royals for the stool soa son was made to succeed to the stool during the ign of Nana Kuso 0bodum. Nana Ampa went to Worasa War at Banda during the reign of Nana Osei Kwadwo, the great fighting King who fought in the broad daylight. Nana Ampa was succeeded on the stool by Nana Appiah Dankwa, a royal of the stool, during the reign of Asantehene Nana Osei Kwame. It is said that he inhabited at Twedie (Atvima No.1), and won a .great name Nana Appiah Dankwa Ode Twedie Kuro. Nana Appiah went to war with Nana Bonsu. Panyin at Gyaman where Adlamra the Gyaman Chief was killed. _4e went to war at Yanti land where the King won the appellation Bonsu by placing the sword into the sea for the first time in the annals of Ashanti history. Appiah Pankwa was succeeded on the stool by Asamoah Kwadwo, a royal of the stool, during the reign of Nana Osei Yaw Akoto. He was, .succeeded on the stool by

Anantahene belongs to the Gyase Division of Asantehene. He belongs to the Esuna Clan. The Gyase Clan of Kumasi Divisbon is constituted of five Divisions, namely: Samanghene, Kronkohene Dadiesoabehene, Anantahene and Gyasehene. Each Division is independent on its own but they constitute the Gyase clan of Asantehene. Anantahene swears to the Asantehene vith the Mpomponsuo Sword. He goes to the Asantehene direct without passing through a chief or anybody. The stool is an Dwa. It is a stool of matrilineal descent. The Anantehene is the personal commander in chief of Asantehene. It is said that one Fosu, a servant of Nana Osei Tutu, who was taken over by Nana Opoku Ware, was sent by him to Asin to purchase 300 guns from the Coast. The then Chief of Asin was called Apotoe. So when this servant was returning from the coast it is said that this Chief Apotoe from Asin challenged him not to allow him to send the guns to-Asantehene. A fight ensued. It is said that this man Fosu was followed by a large retinue when he was sent by the King, so as a . result of the skirmish Fosu captured tho Agin Chief. He was decapitated. H6 further seized the following from the Asin Chief: (1) Black Stool of the Asinhene (2) Drum called Etum .. ) Umbrella Katamanso with cover called Papagyate (4) State Horn - Apotoe wo no, (sound) So on arrival at Kumasi , the spiritual adviser and confidant of :santehene, informed Nana 0poku Ware that his servant was a great warrior. He was thus nicknamed Batafo Bediako. So Asantehene ordered that he had proclaimed him the Head of the runs sobought. He was thus created the Anantahene, that is chief of the long guns (double-barrel guns). The King ordered that he had created him to have equal status vith the Baiktamahene in the military sense, to challenge him in case he was trying to bring trouble or seize power in the state. He therefore ordered that the. following chiefs should dome under thi-s category:'l1) Nsumankwahene- Chief of the Medicine men Nseniehene Kyeremahene - Head of all Asantehene' s,-Drums excluding Ketehene (4) Kdasehene" (5) Asinhene6) Bakamehene 7) Bogohene (8) Bansohene (Ashanti)

- 3 - Enuben Akyaw, a royal :Qf the stool, during this same King Nana Osei Yaw Akoto. He was succeeded on the stool by Saiior Gyawu during the reign of the same king, Nana Osei Yaw Akoto, Asantehene. He was succeeded on the stool by Darko Aporowah, a royal of the stool, during this same Asantehene, Nana'Osei-Yaw Akoto. He was succeeded on the stool by Asamoah Nkwvanta, who went to Daboya and captured Kramo Tia during the reign of NaaaAgyeman Iv the least pugnacious king. Asamoah alone reigned at the time of Nana Kofi Karikari - Asantehene. He was succeeded by Bafuor Sie, a royal of the stool, during the reign of Nana MensahtBonsu - Asanteheneq He was succeeded by Bafuor Adu Kofi during the reign of King Mensah Bonsu. He reigned up to the time of Nana Prempeh I. He was succeeded by Chief Safo whilst tli6 King was in Seychelles. He was a royal of the stool and not by appointment of the orown. He was succeeded by Bafuor Awuahj the present Anantahene, in 1934, who ruled up to 1949. He was destooled and after ten years was recalled in r1 959. He was succeeded by Ose1 Yaw: He spent 9 years on the stool and was distooled for conspiring against the present Asantehene and the present Governments He was succeeded by the present chief,. Nasa Bafuor Aruah, who had been once destooled. : Bafuor - King. Opoku Ware conferred the title of Bafuor on Anantahene, meaning a c -ef, of gallantry. It is said that the official title of Anantahene is Bafuor, and not Nana.

CHIEFS OF THE ANANTA STOOL 0 9 0 * 0 & *e.uS.oegS 000 .....eS 0*40 eeee** i st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 1 2th 13th I 4th Chi.ef It 'I 'V Twitwi Akuma, for thus UIng able to come home with so many strangers after killing the Asinhene, won the traditional appellation "Twitwi Akuma". So Fosu was surnamed Twitwi Akuma (Fosu Twitwi Akuma) *uOgemeOae boo 00 00000 bo bee 00060 Fosu Twitwi 1kuma Ampam Odie Atuo (a son) Appiah Dankwa Asamoah KMiadwo Enuben Akyaw Bafuor Gyawu Darko Aporowab Asamoah Nkwanta Bafuor Sie Bafuor Adu Kofit Safo Bafuor Awuah (1934 - 1949 Destooled) Osei Yaw (Destooled) Bafuor Awuah (re-enstooled - the present Anantahene)

Classification: Informant: Recorded by: Date: Sub ec t: IAS acc. no. AS.4 Oheneba Afoduo, Asramponghene J. Agyeman-Duah 28th October, 1962 ASPRUMqPNG STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963.

The Asrampong .Stool was created by Opimsuo - Nana Osei Tutu after the def eat df"th fle1eyer tby the Ashantis. Itiis said that he oke:at6d this stool uiier seven birempong, namely: osehene, Kobinhene, Ahurafuohene, humhene, I'*m, and Atabiresohene. ",This is a stool of a royal inheritancoe, but it is designated for th6 'princes of the Asantehene from a particular stool house known as Da~biase., 'It is aid that Rana Asantehene Osei Yai koto married a wotiani ailed' Nyarko Yaa from the house of Daabuase herethe stool in question is said to have been originated. -F. The fi rst*thief of this otool is khQwn as Krakese. He was enstooled just lafter the Denkyera War with Ntim Gyakari. He also went to the fArst Cyamn War with the Ashantis when'the Gyaman-Chief, Abo, was defeated. This was during the reign of Nana Opoku Ware, Asantehene. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Yamoah during the reign of Nana Osei Kwadwo who fought in the broad day light. He also went to Banda Tar where the Banda Chief Worasa was decapitated and his head sent to Kumasi. It is said the war with the Banda people was one of ho stilities. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Nim during the reign of Nana ',gyeman, that is King Kwaku Puah I. It is said: that he was the only ..shanti king who hAdnot a pugnacious temperament. Nana Nim was succeeded on the stool by Nana Asampong Boakye during the reign of this same Nana Agyeman, the most peaceful ruler of the Oshantidkings. Nana A sampong, it is said, went to several wars during the reign of King Kofi Karikari. He fought with the Europeans when Ramsay, the Basel Missionary, was captured by the shbantis and sent to Kumasi as a war prisoner. He also went 'o war with Nana Mensih Bonsu at where Asafu *Adjaye was drievn to the present area of Kofiridua. He remained on the stool till the reign of Nana Prempeh I. He also went to Nkoranza iiiar during the reign of King ?rempeh I, alias Nana Kvaku Duah III. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Kojo Boakye during the reign of King Prempeh I, that is on his return from the Seychelles. He was on the stool till 1900. He saw ative service in the War in 1900. He was succeeded on the stool by Oheneba Afodun in 1901, who is the present occupant of the stool. He is about 90. years old.

Note: Military Division When going to. war, the Asramponghene usually walks behind the Golden Stool. He protects the Golden Stool from ary encumbrances. It is said that it is quite customary for the Asantehene to go to war with the Golden Stool by-his side; it is also said that Whenever 'the. santehene is going- to the battlefield in person he must beacc6mpanied by the Golden Stool, be.ause,th.e Golden Stool. serves as th esotl -of thetnation. .,It'is ou, of:ethp: statutory- norm of the nation for the Asantehene- to, go to the battlefieldi wthoutV the Golden Stool. It Is said that the s~ntehene scarcely, ever goes to thet'battle-' field"'- but When a situation of great consequence has arisen then, of course, he is dbliged to go to the said war with the Golkdn Stool. Though Otumfao may go to the battlefield, traditi6n hasJ-it that Mamponghene. *illbe acting in his capacity a-s the. Commander-inChief of the nation.. Whenever Otumfuo goes to the battlefield the military division to which he belongs is the Ananta. .The .Antahene of. Kumasi is therefore known as.Osahenle,. thAt is Cmm in dern-.-Kbef. The Anantahene belongs to the. Gyase, -clan of.,:t hb;esant ehene. Whenever the Asatehene is taking the field for war he is at-t.at particular moment, or whilst in the battlefield, known or called. Tepuruikusu,*Odi-Anantamu, meaning the Great King going to the * attlefield within the unanta Division. -. It is said that formerly the Asramponghene was an independent chief, but -through the influence andinitiati--e of the present reigning moArch, Nana Osei Tutu Agyeman Prempah II L.B.E, the Asram.ponghene'Was plbed undr. the Manwere clan. .A-e I.s at pres.nt running next in commind- tV th anwerehene of .iumasi..' (Ivarwere" means Guard or Bodyguara!-of Asanteh'Ene in -his., hous-ehold..) It is said that forme ly there was no separate clan for the Manwere. The Manwereh.ene was under th.e Gyasehene'ror Gyase.Division of the King's household. fanwere clan was thus. created by the. present Asantehene, Sir sei Agyeman Prempeh II. .

-3,- Chiefs of AsrMp,~ -Stool Ist Chief Krakese 2nd Nana Yamoah 3rd Nania Nim 4.th Nana Asampong Boa1ye 5th '~ Nana KoJo Boa3kre 6t Nana Oheneba .Afoduo

Classifcation:IS acc. no. S5 Inf orLi.nts: il,-avfuor hsamool T---tQ II, c2t o I,, -C2.wvab c Kofi ;Ju A.ur Qy',Lrseherle ObaapTanin Sarewali (Konkori) Vo 2-c Kwriab,.na YKwakye Recoraea ay: J. llgyozaan-Dunh Date: Subject: 13th February, 1963 ADUMA STOOL HISTORY Institute of tfrican Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, March, 1963 Classif

Adumhene belongs to the Akwau Clan of Kuasi. He runs second in cc::7.1cnJ tJ tho .hwa...uhone of K.urrsi. He svc rs t<: the i;,,ntehene with the MpoL 1ponsuo sword. The hctumhene is also the Head of Adura and ,brafo of the santehene. He is the Hea-.d of the _santehonu's Executioners. The Ldumhene has a dual position in the King's Court Yard. That is, vihen the Tin, sits in state antl the Quc,_n J:otther of -shf.,nti (_santehen-a) is present, thk , duhoene is oblijud by qustou 'G sit on the left hand side of 4.santehenaa, ath.t is, just behind the -.santchune. The second position of the ildunhene is that when the Asantehone sits in state Lnd the %)ueon 1.iothcr of .;shanti is not present, then, of course, the Adumhoioe sits within the 12ezibers of the zakwanu Clan. Thu roa son fc.r this dual position-is that whonevur there is sensc-tional mattor the .dumhon. sits just on the left hand side of the King. Lut since the Quoen T.fother seldom attunds a sitting cf° the State Council unless there is a sensational matter, on those occasions the 'Adurhone is obliged to move to the left of the Queen iviotherVhonever the Asanteheno wants capital punishment to be meted on a perpetrator, he gives a sign to the idu -ene. 7Tnen tbc case h.s boon ruled by Otumfuo and judgement pronounced by the Akyes the perpetrator is handed over to Adunhene, who in turn hands the captive over to one of the Executioners, including the brafohene. It is further said that when judgement has been given for capital punishment, the Prepeh Drum is beaten to signify that capital punishment has been. meted on the offender. It is said that the Adunhene hands the captive ovr to one of his servants. After the executioners have executed duty they report tO Ldunhene, who will announce to Otumfuo, "I " (satisfactory work has taken place). The Adumhene is no subordinate chief to the Lkvarauhene of Xumsi. The 1dumhene is at liberty to call at the King's palace without passing through anybody. He can even call at the palace in the middle of the night to hold consultation or to have private talks with Otumfuo. The Adum Stool is one of patrilineal descent. In the old days it was occupied solely by the appointment of the King. The present Adun people, it is said, were formerly resident at Nyanoase, near . They were then known as Nyanoase people. It is said that from Nyanoaso they migrated to Anuu _in the district in the present Ghana, near aki . .. It is said that at Nyanoase Akomfo Kokoo, alias Okomfo 'Anokyo, had been customarily arrested by the chief of Nyanoase. It is said that at

- 2 that .ti.. Hyanoase was the c pit'] of (.k,-.u. It .s saiA. t-jt. TlnoasC.o:. ha-LL wantca to naete capital puis c'a.tn,,- on OkUrlfo '.nolqjo. It is sr.!id. tlytt ,-hon Osol F',.TaneO, alias Th._ Osei Tutu, :.rriV,; at iyanoase from , he halte, c sc.w hre..' Okc,.ifo okoo hrnj b, oi nolosted. It is said that hna.-Lsa-uoah, who introduced i Onr soi 1"': . alias Csei Tutu, to the Nyanosoheno, asks: Os i L a;2c ,hotbr ho knc;w ; that perpetrator, Okomf fokoo; rana Osc:i Tutu *Ii" IY.-.. hi a at Denlkrira at the King's palace, -then inom as Nk,,.nfor+,so, that , the first capital town- of the Donkyirahenc". (It is saij to b<; on t">Y right hand side from the Dunkwa Road.) So thrin Osei Kwiae wont to tho house of Nyanoasohre a.nd o:.:chaned grc; stings. It is said that Anua-Lsamoah, the Adunhono to be, was a nephew of Nyanoasehone, the r.ukwah4ui e. Prior to the exchange of gretings, it is said that Anum-Asamoah asked Osoi Iwarze his Abusua, or Clan, and Osei said that he was of the Clan. So he was asked by Antur-Asamoah to respond "Yaa, i.biraw". So on responding "Yaa Lbircw", the I7yanoasehone - Lkwa *uhne asked Osei Kwame, through his lingqists, to come before hin whilst sitting in state. The Nyanoasohono - Lkwamuhono - asked him of his native town and Osei replied that his native town -r,.s Kwamang, the name of the then Kumasi. Hd asked him of his Clan anl he replied ss of the Oyoke extraction. The Fin, said, "then you arc -. true royal of ni'ne". So the Nyanoasehene - Akwamuhene - asked what sort -f present he should give to him. Osei Kwame, it is seid, refused to accept anything, but asked for the release of Okorfo,Kokoo from his servitude. 'The King no doubt released him gladly. It is said that Okomfo Anokye was at that time Ioownai as Okunfo Kokoo. So after all, Okonfo Anokye, Osei Tutu, and 1Lnum-Lsamoah, cane calmly to the house, that is, the place of their residence. It is said that Okomfo Anokye became accustomed to falling intc a trance every night. So Anum- Asamoah advised that it would be meet and proper if they went to Akuapim to do a hit of fetish work, with a view to getting or fetching money to t.ueet their living. So thgj travelled from Nyanoase to Lwukugwa in Akcwapin, the three of tho:-.- to do a bit :-f fetish work. Whilst there Lnokyo performed several miracles. The iyanoasehene - ,kwamuhene - sent after the three men, informing then that some people from Asanto had come aftcr Osei Kwaaue to taku hiu

- 3 - along to be the A&santeho. It is said that Osei Kwane refused to go to Kunasi. But I'mokye advised him. to - go because he had a bright future, So after all Anokye agreed to accompany Osoi to Kunasi. 6.t that tiTi,, he, Okoufo Anokyo, was known as Okumfo Kookoo. it is salid that the Nyanaoshonae Akwanuhene - appointed three of his nephews, nanely ntmum-Asamoah, .samoah Monsah, and "'.do, to accompany Osoi Tutu, the Asantehene to be0, to Kumasi. But whilst making the necessary preparatidn, it is said tliat Lsrioah I enjah refused to. go on the next clay because he had fall~n in love with a certain girl. Ldo ,.so refused to go to Ku ..si. He Aalso had befrionded'a certain girl somewhere on the way. It is said that in addition to 77 guns, only Antua-Asamoah accompanied Osei to .Kuiasi. Anum-A' samoah came with his wife, by name Kyekye Akenten, from Akwamu. When they arrived at the River Birim, it was at its highest depth. So Osei asked Anokye to see to it. But Anokye refused because he had no medicine for that job. So !Anum-.samoah discovered a certain animal, by name kokote crawling along, the side of the river. ;un-Asanoah, it is said, follwoed it up and arrived at a place whore the river .was passable. So he called all of them to come along because he had got a more suitable place for thom. So they were able to cross the river. As a result of this incident, the Asantehene has a Donno which sounds, Kwayfebom Ta - Ye koroo, meaning that it'wis Asamoah who got the way for us. So the first son of Aduinhone, in appreciation of the generosity of the Kokoto, was called Kokote Asamoah. They arrived at Kumasi. So when thW came to Kumasi, Osei, an proclamation as such, refused to allow the Akwau retinue *to go back. He gave them a place to stay. So they were known - s Lnumff, which name has been corrupted into Adumfo. Thus came about the creation of the Adum Stool by King 0sei Tutu. 9the King further ruled that orily the sons and grandsons of the said Stool should inherit the AdumStool, so it is one of patrilineal descent. The Iing ordered that the sons and servants of the Stool should inherit. The Asantehone further directed that the Lsuwadrofuoheno - Asafohene should become the Head of this group because they were strangers. The dru Stool was created by King Osei Tutu.- So the first Ldumhene, Anum-Asamoah, went to Domna war with Os-ei Tutu when Dormaa Kusi of Kunasi was killed. - 4 - He went to the D1nmkyira ,i-r -aith Ntim Gyakari when he was Ucefoe-tod at Feyiaso. Anum- ,se.aoah, it is saicl, vient to this ,iar a.lso. Lnum-Lsao';h v.,as succedded on the. Stool by .do (os3e during the. roign of Nana Opoku :4cr6. He was his son. it i5 said that prior to this wrxr Ldo Kesse announc ,i to the Kin[, that thore was a very powerful Chief who had an s uock (Dadie batakari'). He was the Nsawkawhene. It is said that this Chief supported the Tayinaithene. So Ldo Kesse thought of befriending this Chief and capturing him by moans of trickery. So when they arrived at , the Chief of Nsawkaw receivod him wholeheartedly. He asked IdrA of _his mission. Ado Kesse told him of his mission and the Ntscwkav-ieno in turn told hi:- that he would have backed the Talgyianhene if he had not come. So after friendly. negotiations he became one with Ado Kesse.. At a later date they drank to the gods to mark the symbolical expression of the occasion., So they becamae brothers. So Ado Kesse reported the matter to the King. So the Ashantis went to war and defeated the Takyinanhene with great success. Ado Kesse was succeeded on the Stool by Adjei Kesso, his soQn, during the reign of Kusi Bodom. Adjei Kesse was succeeded on the Stool by Acluri Etta, his son, during the reign of Nana Osei Kwadwo, the greit fighting king. He went to the. Worosa War. He. was succeeded on th Stool by Kakaba, a son of' Adum Atta, during the reign of Nana Osoi Kwame. He was succeeded on'the Stool by Nana Sampaney, during he reign of Nana Osei Akoto. Adum Atta and Sampaney were of the sanme father sons of Adjei Kesse. He was succeded on thq Stool by Bafuor ',.d6kabo, during, the reign of Nana Agyoman. He was a son of Adum Atta. He was su6ceeded by his brothor, Adjei Kesse, during the Juabon war in the reign of Nana Kofi Karikari. He was succoeded by Kyereme Dense for .forty days. He was a son of &dokwabo. Kyeremo Dense was succeeded on the Stool by Asamoah Kwazio, his brother from the samze father, - sons of' Adokwabo - during the reign of' Nana Kwaku Duah II and hgyeman Prempeh 1 . e was taken to Seychelles,

- 5 atlong with. ProL:-poh I. Io Ii,-P2 in u'Ioychelles and iii.s body'W,-s sent to ill- wns ououi n -bhc,. Ztool biYur&.ahTota). His apoiit-.11Dnw' s oy tkn; Crov;n. ---is f,,biu'r wc.s Donsuo, but ho wcs enstoolod by tho Crc-jiu. Hic rliud en tho Sto,,1. Ko diodi in 1930, D!cvoLjbor 2nd. .ovcssuccoccod-nthoStoodbyxwk hafo ta fI.a2a Xvwavo, duiring tho rei j.1 of tho prosu-A king. Al walustooloci for -mal< xinistraV Ln. Ha robolloci r ginst tb~Kingi,, ,tlcnc with G.S. _gycm.an rmi', ot'icrs .1{ WaS SUooC .. 1 kwesi ]3afuor, son of thu Stood. llo was dostooleri aftor 18 ::onths' roign. Ho was succeoded by'Kofi 'jdm 4L1tta, a grandson of tå,, Stool * Ho; was destooled after 10 years' rei&ga. Ho was succoeded by Iiljoi Kesse, a grandson of tho Stool. lie roigned for 10 years and diod on tho Stool. ..1e wjas succeodoed on the Stool by the Present Bafuor iLsaroah Toto II, the present Chiof, a. son of the Stool. Note: Bafuor The title Bafuar was conferrod on iÄ.uhene by King Osei Tutu.

- 6 - chi ef 6 o f th 0 St c,,ý 1 lst C hi of 2nd 3rd 4th ý-dur.i ,K k L, b 6t.h Samp.aney 7th Bafuor i-ý.dokwabo 8th lýcljei Kosse 9th lýyereme Dense lOth i-ý.se.rioah Iýwar.lc> 11 th -ýafuor 'sw-ioah Toto 12th Yýivaku Achamfuo destooled 13th Bafuo - destý)olo(-1 14th Kofi Ltta - dostc)oled 15th- ý,cýjei Kesse 16th Bafuor ý',saLioah Toto II

Classification: Kyereme Kwaku Pong (alias Kyerefufuo). Asantehene' s Atutpamhene J. Agyeman-Duah Date: 16th October, 1962 SubJect: HISTORY OF TE ASANMW'S TALKING DRUMS - AU P Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963. AS.6 IAS aoo. no. Informant:

It is said that in the old days the Asantehene did not have talking drums for ceremonial occasions. It so happened that after the fall of Denkyera Kingdom, or the capture of Ntim Gyakari at Fehyiase by the Ashantis, the then Toasehene, Yim Awere, who was no doubt one ofihe war captives, called at the King's Palace to pay homage to him,or to exchange greetings with him The King, it is said, having discovered that the Toasehene possessed some very kingly drums, became amazed at the manipulation of them. It is said that the Asantehene, King Osei Tutu, became greatly amazed at the playing of these drums, especially when played by one Kyerema Pong. The King, it is said, ordered the seizure of these drums, and forbid them to be handed back to the Toasehene. The Asantehene, it is said, further directed that the Toasehene, who came from Denkyera, should in future call at his palace to salute him or pay homage to him t rough the Bantamahene. It is said that in a year's time the Asantehene had a change of mind with regard to the sequence of exchanging customary greetings, and further directed that the subjects from Toase who were connected with the beating of the drums should pay homage to him or call at his palace to serve him through his Chief Stool Carrier, instead of through the Bantamanhene. It is said that at a later date Otumfuo removed .hem from the Chief Stool Carrier to Akrampa Gyase, where they have remained until this day, At present Opanin Kyere Fufuo is the occupant of the Kyerema Pon Stool. The Stool of Kyerema Pong, it is said, came from Denkyera. It is probable that the Kyerema Pong was a sub-chief of the Toasehene. He was responsible for the manipulation of the talking drums when called the following drummers of different categories to serve under the Chief of the Talking Drums: 1. Mpebi and Nkawerehene 2. Fasafo Kokohene 3. Nhehumahene 4 D onnonkuruwahene 5. The Chief of the Prempeh Drum.

C~a~sficvtionTAS racc. no. L.S.7 -Infc3-:L.nts Nana .kwasi Sugyci-' !TI, Asainangheno Pa nyin l1iamp ong, Ab ontendomhen e Panyin AreBediako, 1i.kobialiere of Ihar -cng Recor-ded b~y J . '.ya._an-Duah Date: Subject: 9tUh Docu-Ybor, 1962 ASAIYJANG STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963 Classification : Asamang is about 28 miles from Kumasi and about 4j miles from Kokofu. The Asamonghene belongs to the Adonten Clan of Kumasi. he is L, junior brother of the Adonterhene of Fumasi, who is at timeL. hno,:rn L. the Adontenhrene of Ashanti. The Asamonghene is no subordin _tu h to the !.0ontehene, though the,Adontehene is the Head. Clan Chief'. I, Asamanghene tc k-,s the Oath of All giance to Ctumfuo - Asulnteh(Le ith th, Mpomponsuo sword. In cnse there is a dispute ;:,ithin his area the Asamanighenii ccns... the Asantohene thr,.uth a linguiist. Anxyway he is at liberty tu cal . the King's ai.- acc iaid salute hi.!m without consultation. The Asamanghene, or the Chief of Asamang, is also the custodian of - the property of Asantehene. It is said that Nana Amisare, ancestor of the As'amang Stool came from a village called Adwafo near Kuntenase. When. 'he was at Adwafo almost r11 the Ekuona people were resident at this village. It was the place of abode for the Ekuona people. An ancestress of the Ekuona people is known" as Abina. Nana Adomako Ansah Panyin, a nephew of Tana Amisare and also a hunter, is said to have disco~v-red the present area of Asamang whilst Nana Amisare and his relatives, who were mainly the Ekuorias, were resident at Adwafo. At a later date he reported this discovery of. his to his uncle, Nana Amisare, then at Adwafo. Nana Amisare told his nephew, Adomako Ansah that it was a bit premature for him to leave Advwafo for a new place as such, but Adomako tnsah no doubt objccted to his uncle's response andtstated inter alia that he had now got his state, 6r OmaA (Me Asare Manya me Mang). Thus was brought about the name of sare Mang, that is, the Omang or state of-Asare, which has been corrupted into Asamang. Nana Amisare, it is said, at a l.tar date left Adwafo unceremoniously as a result of a family dispute and hostilities, that arose between somo members of the family. It ,s s '. that he left with some few relatives and settled at a place called Aboaso, a vi'llage near Kokofu. Other members of the faiily ,also left for Yaa Ase, a village near Kuntenas e. Some members of the family, it is said, left for -sanso, a villago near ., and bilt their camp there. Some also left for In kdans district It is said that Nana Adomako Ansah, a nephew of Amisare, and others tog left for th,_,

- 2 - present area of Isamang whore they were rehabilitated. It is said that it wao during NTana Adomako Ansah's stay at this pl!,ce, no d known s isaran;, thJt the first Loetig of the ,.sh'nti confederacy was held. ThPe place whore the m-ctihg took pl...e , ai'o..n as Asant .s, anso. So the n-rile of lishanti is a derivation from t... particul,-Ar spot laiown as ,Lsantemanso. .n,. Lsanto oanso is known -s the g'.,thering place of the peonle. is ner,'r Asumgy- i. Ft is sa'id ti,.at prior to this meeti ng -Lost :11 t. cliifl i:hom I tur. cs cabooeers i.-ru ind.ependent. ia: A mis"ro wh, it is said, was alive some time in th'ei8th century, was an uncle of Oti Lkenten from the Ekuoha clan in the- paternal sense. Nana Obiri Mango, a younger brother of Llana Amisare Aboasohene, married Nana Pramang from Kokofu and of course of the Cyoko clan. Nana Nkyevaah Nyame (True4Angel of God) was the mother of Nana Pramang. In high traditional circles Nant Nkyewaah Nyame, ancestrpss of King Osci Tutu and of the Cyoko clan, is said to have come down from the sky with a miniature golden stool and landed at a place called Asiakwa in the Akim district. Asiakwa in Ashanti means a place of descent. So after landing at &siakwa with her retinue she became hemmed in at the place and migrated with other relatives to Kukofu where no doubt she married Obiri Mango, the Chilef o'f Aboaso or Aboasohene. Tradition has it that in Ashanti there is a vast differenceb between'" Abusua (bogya) and Ntoro. The ._busua is passed on by and thr:ough the female and cannot be transmitted by the male. In the same way, the.Ntoro is transmitted by and through the male and cannot be transmittd by the female. So under the rule of matrilinal succession knov.i to the Ashantis when Nana Pramang, a daughter of Nana. Ankyeo Nyame, marri.Jd Obiri Mango (who no doubt was of the Ekuona. clan) she brought forth;:'.1N, Obiri Yeboa. It is said that it was somewhere in 1580 that Nana 0 iri Yeboah from the Oyoko Clan became the first Kumasihene. It is said that Nana Lmisare was succeeded on the stool by iTna. Adomako Ansah Panyin. He was present at the first meeting of~the Ashanti confedor, acy held at Asantemanso.

-3. lie Js succeeded on the st': l by Nanr I.domako knsah i."nyin. Hl, waf. succeded on the stool by Adoz:ako Ansah III, during the re Ii Gf King Qsoi Tutu. It is said that it &as just at t'is tii.u tlv. Osei Tutu was brought from k.'aru hy the Kuriy.si nobles to occu:.,, the vacant stool of Iua si ( ,ban-Dwa) It- is said that tl°..e Ekuona People were i-icorporrtjd ii to tho . dontcn clan during thu reign of Ing "si Tutu. This Chiuf, !d.'aae 'nsah III di ...ui the reign of King 0sol Tutu and wa;. suc, ,;,1i)d on the stool by Nana Akora Gyimah, a newphow of Adomako Ln~ah IIT is said, that it uas just at this ti:nu th-t sl.ntehunz Osoi Tutu suiajrnod a meeting of all his grer.t cljiofs to apOc-.r before m 1 4im; th: great as3eribly was hold At 7ur.asi. This meeting no doubt was hold by the ,,santeman to discuss retaliation against the Denk-jerahene, Ntim Gyakari, who had had the insolent audacity to send three a ombassadors - a shield-bearer, a swordbearer, and a court-crier - with a large brass pan to Kumasi, with the following message: "The King of Lsante and his Chiefs must fill up the brass pan with pure , and must each send the favourite among his wives -and their mothers to lunkyera to become his wivs; and in addition, their wives must supply Denkyerahone's wives with "mposai" -r Baha 5.e., dry fibres of the plantain tree, to use during their monthly cours , ., , It is said that some chiefs present at 'this Supreme Council meeting *f the nation,were Adakwa Yiadon, Nsuta Agyin, Tweneboa Kodua Kumawuhene, Maniaampong - amponghene, !. ankatia Panyin - General of the Kumsi Kronti force, Asafo L-were - General of the Kumasi Akwamu force, and several others. It is said that when the Ashantis were about to wage war against the Denkyerqs, Okomfo Anokye, -the spiritual adviser of the nation, who was -then known as Okomfo Kokoo, ordered that the Mamponghene (JTifaheno of the nation) should be the Commander-in-Chief of the nation. At this time the reigning Chief of was known as Boahene Mnantuo. The Asumgr461e, it is said, was to be the Senkumhene of thd1e nation. It is said that Okomfo Anokye further directed that before Ntim Gyakari coulee t'otally defeated and captured, all the Ekuona ahd Asenie clans must be incorporated into the Aaonten force of the nation. So it is said that the present Adonteri clan consists of Ekuona and Asenie people;. It, is baid also that" Olomfo a nbye further predicted that before victory could be won the two divisions, namely Ekuona and tsenie, be incorporated into one infantry arry, in that Okomfo anokyc's fa.th(. of the n:I.. c ,n:a,.his riother of tho 'soni.,- clii. S those two,.bo.'ies, it is said, cclistitutd the t .donten clan at that present ti.c. . It issaid th:,t Oko:i:o I':cksu's !J.iitarV division was th" o. t, do fnte clan..... it ise said that hO1:r:fo 2ky, further ruled tht on no cccour:t should ti Chiofs so incorporrted be suborclinato to one another. Ho furth r direited that the two chiefs of Ekliona and [.senio sh:.,uld share e;qually at the King's house whenever there was any proceed Ior present frri the King. O.komfo Anokye at a later date became the occupant of Iro..al.pong Stool, that is the Agona Stool. It iA said that prior to the incorpor.tion of the Ekuona and Xsonio clans into the Akonten clan, the Ldontenhane, who was supposed tu be tr-L Head of the Asonie people, was thon known as lCduabenhene. Prior to this injorporation there was no Adontonhene, so it. i said that thu Elcuona and iisenie divisions constituted the Adonten clan. Tt is sai, that after the Denkyira war with Ntim Gyakari, King Osei Tutu ruled thttio two division, namely Ekuona and hsenie, should be united and share proceeds equally at his housohol l, but that the. Eduabenhonu should be made the most senior, Thus ,Eduabenhene, now Ldontenhene, buc!--.-c tle Head Clan Chief of the Adonten Clan. Nana Akora Gyimah reigned up to the time of King 0poku Ware. It :is said that it was Akora Gyimah who discovered the lake Bosumtwi. Nana Akora .Gyimah was succeeded on the Stool by JNaa.:'yir_-a.h KTuxrz'. a brother of Akora Gyimah, during the. reign of Nana .0poku..'re -- 175 He was succeeded on the stool by his brother, N -anaL AIyei Twui, during the reign of Nana Kusi Bodom - Asantehene - that is sonox1owere in 1750. Nana Agyei Twum was succeeded on the Stool. by KwakuL'g yei during the reif A of Nana Asantehene 0sei Kwadwo, the great Tigh~g King who fought in the broad daylight.. He was succeeded on the Stool by ,Nana Abugyei .dring ,the reign' of Asantehene Nana Osei Kwame. . . . ,. Nana Abugyei I was suicceeded on the Stool by Nana Abugyei II during the reign of Nana Asantehene Bonsu Panyin. - 4

-5 He was succeeded on the Stol by Kwame Koromo during this sane F-n, Nana Bonsu Panyin. This chief was destooled for mal-acinistration. He was succeeded by Yaw Lgyei during the reign of this same King Nana Bonsu Panyin. He died on the stool. H reigned up tD the time (i Nana Kofi Karikari. I heard that he ms more than a centenarian. It is said that it was during the reign of Yay Agyci that the isauiong people migrated to Akin as a result of the sebe "Tar. He was succee(].C on the Stool by Kofi Boabe. He reigned for only 40 days and was destcJ ed for mal-adcinistration. T-. was succeeded by Yaw Gyimah before King Prempeh I was taken" Seychelles Island. He was also destooled for mal-administration. He was succeeded by his brother Kwadwo Karateng whilst King Prempch I was in Seychelles. He was also destooled for mal-administraion. He was succeeded on the Stool once again by Yaw Gyinah who was at one tin3 destooled. During rhe Yaa Asantewaa War it is said that this chief took shelter in the Kumasi Fort on the side of the British. He was once mcre destooled, It is said that aftab the Yaa Asantewaa War the Asamang people were made to gerve the Kokofu people as a matter of administrative policy. He was succeeded on the Stool by Nana Abugyei III in 1927. He was destooled in 1932 for mal-administration. He was succeeded by one Kwame Fosuhene, a royal of the Stool. He was also destooled. Nana Abugyei III was recalled in 1935 during the re-establishment of the Ashanti confederacy by the British Government. It will be recalled that Otumfuo Sir Osci Agyeman Prempeh II, born August 1693 and educated at the Methodist School in Kumasi, succeeded King Prempeh I as Kumasihene as a result of his repatriation from Seychelles Island. The happy relations established between the Ashantis and the British Government on January 31st. 1935, led to the reestablishment of the Ashanti confederacy and, following precedent, the Kumasihene ws appointed Asantehone and the first King of Ashanti uhder British rule. Nana Abugyei was once again destooled after 8 further years' rule for mal- administration. He was succeeded by one Adomako Ansah, a royal of the Stool. He was also destooled in 1948 after two years' rule. It will be recalled that the recorder of this History, then a Clerical Assistant of the erstwhile Kumasi State Council, now the Kumasi Traditional Council, was appointed by Otumfuo the Asantehene, along with king-makers of the Stool had wanted to have the ex-Chief decapitated.

- 6 Th.is brutal act wvrs instantly resisted by the then Gold Coa ,t Police Yarce. Nana Akwasi Lbugyoi, th; prosnt ocCuant of th,.Asc.' r?,a Stool, wV s rcalled for the third ti.. in 1949. Note Adonten It is said that the Infantry ArLW of the Asanthene in the m.riddle of the Military Division ,f t1h ishanti army is the Adonten. This military system was introduced into shanti by King Oei Tutu. iiSPY,:.lilB STOOL CHIIFS 1st Chief Nana lnisvarc 2nd. I Ldaorako P.,.nsah Panyin 3rd it4ldoma~ko Lnsah. Panyin II 4th 1'Adoiako insah III 5th Akora Gyiruah 6th GyiDmh Kriah 7th Agyei Twuri 8th Kwaku Agyei 9th Abugyrei I 10th "Abugyei II 11th Kwarie Koromo (destooled) 12th Yaw Algyei 13th Kofi Boabe (aestoole.) 14th Yaw Cyiraah (destoolea) 15th Kwadvwo Koragent (daestoolea) 1 6t'h Yaw Gyimah (14th Chief re-enstoole.) 17th Akwasi Abugyei (enstooled in 1927 and. destooled. in 1932) 14dh Kwame Fosuhene (destooled) 19th Akwasi ;Abugyei III (enstoolod. again in 1935) 20'th "Adoiako Ansah 21st .Akwvasi Abugyei III (enstooled agauin in 1949 - the present Chief of .1scuiang',

Classification : Informants Regoded.khr IAS acc. no. AS.8 Nana Owusu Akyaw II, Akyawkromhene Obaabanin of Akynwkromhene - 3ootemn Opnnin Yi Derkye Opanin IKwaime Amponsah J. Agyeman-Duah 4th December, 1962 KYA:KROE: STOOL ::ISTCRIY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon March, 1963

The Akyawkromhene belongs to the Adonten Clan. le is of the Asenie division within the Adcnten Clan. :'e is nn independent chief and does not serve the Adontenhene of :umasi, though a senior brother. It was Okomfo Anokye, the spiritual adviser of Hing Zsei Tutu, who incorporated the Ekuona and the Asenie divisions intc one clan the Adonten clan - just immediately after the Denkyere war with Ntim Gyakari. The Agonahene, Adontenhene, Amakomrnene, Kwamohene and Antoahene, all of the Asenie division, are at present members of the Adonten clan of Kumasi division. Traditionally the foregoing chiefs are all uncles of the Akyawkromhene. The Akyawkromhene swears -,ith the Vptpcnsuo svrord, that is a s,,ord used by the heads of the component states of the Ashanti Union and other Senior Chiefs when taking the Oath of Allegiance to the Asantehene. This s~lord, it is said, '.,as the sword which King Opoku :are used in dedicating his life to the service of his people during the war against the Akim Kotoko (1731), when he was called upon to succeed his grand-uncle, King Csei Tutu, who had died on the battlefield. The Akyawkromhene can consult or gc to see the Asantehene at his palace on any constitutional dispute or for salutation without passing through the Adontenhene - the Head Clan Chief of the Adonten Clan. It is said that Pane Yaa Asase, ancestress of the Akyawkrom stool, came up from the ground at a hole called Ayano Bong, or Ayano Tokoromu, at Akyawkrom, with her brother C-buu Asamoah and with the Akyawkrom Stool. Akyawkrom is a village on the Ejisu road from Xumasi. It is about 14 miles from Kumasi. It is said that it was the Akyawkromhene who gave the present land to the Ejisuhene, Asumin Gyimah, for habitation. It is said that the Ejisuhene came from 3otabu and bought the present area of the Ejisu from the then Akyawkromhene for "Prejuan Nsiah", that is RG 8 x XG6. It is said that the Ejisuhene, Asumin Gyimah, was unable to. settle the said debt and even today the people of Akyawkrom are still demanding the balance of Prejuan - i.e., 2G 8. It is said that on emerging froi t-e hole they met a certain man, by name Odomankoma Obodie, who was resident at Akya,:,krom. He fought mercilessly with Cbuu Asamoah for fear that at some future date the descendents of both himself and Cbuu Asamoah might claim the o-wmership of the land in question. It is said ttat just immediately after the war Cbuu Asamoah, who gained the upper hand, became totally blind, but later recovered as a result of the performance of certain miracles. At a later date Obuu Asamoah discovered a certain river on his side which he named Akantanso. This river is said to be 17ing bet-reen the present Akyawkrom village and the Asutwe village.

-2- It is said that Hana Tutu Ampim, Akyawkromhene, was a brother of King Csei Tutu in the paternal sense. Their father wias Owusu Panyin of Abrankese Iyame Anihene. It was during the office of N]ana Osei Ampim that Okomfo Anokye arrived witWh"ana Osei Tutu frcm Akwramu to occupy the vacant stool of his grand-uncle, Nana Obiri Yeboah. At this time Nana Tutu Ampim was an independent chief resident at Akyavkrom. It so happened that Awhen the Ashantis were about to ,!age war against the , Ckomfo Anokye trern a searching question tc the twould-be Ashanti nation: '",ho wYill be able to fight with the fairies or ghosts?". Aduonee Pim, the Adontenhene-to-be of Xumasi, wh'o is traditionally knct-m as the Adontenhene of As:anti, but -.vas t.en kno-Tn as Aduabinhene, a Fetish Priest resident at Aduabin, responded to t:is request of Okomfo Anokye. ,-e said he would fighit witv. the fairies or ghosts ,ith alacrity. He later told Okomfo Anokye t>:t before -aging this war with the fairies or ghosts he would have to negotiate rithl his brothers who were known as "Aseniefo ". The Aseniefo , or Asenie group, wh-ich he consulted for this !;.ar were as follo,,s:1. Amakomhene - Akosa Yiadom 2. Akyavwrkromhene - Tutu Anpim 3. Antoahene - Sakadie Date He further negotiated writh five Ekuona chiefs, namely, Asamanghene, Asansohene, Abenkyinhene, Aboosohene, and Ayaasehene. O-komfo Anokye, it is said, further predicted that Akyawkromhene s'ould lead the said war because he was the most senior amongst them. The 'Tar ",ith the fairies or gh.osts, it is said, - !as fought at Adunku. a village near Kokofu. The Adontenhene, Aduonoo Pim, and his brother chiefs, it is said, defeated the fairies and captured them. it is said that it ,,,as during this time that Ckomfo Anckye created the Adonten Drum (Adonten Twene) and te Befonu Dua, seven trees in one, for the Akyawkromhene. It is said t' t -,hen this Adonten Drum is beaten t:Vien there is --ar for the natio. It is more or less an alarm drum for the nation. !Whenever it is beaten then it means that there is a great -var for the nation and all should prepare themselves and move to the battlefield. The Befonu Dua is also used as a curse -Then fastened on the ground against the enemy *whienever the nation is taking the field for ',ar. This Drum, it is said, is seldom used unless the occasion demands it. It is rarely beaten, unless there is a war. The Akyawkromhene, though responsible for the beating of this drum, never sets eyes on it unless there is a 'var of the nation; the Bamang people are responsible for te keeping of t.is drum.

-3- Bamang is a village near 3onwire. This village comes under the division of Adontenhene. The people there are subjects of the Adontenhene, It is his village. At a later date Okomfo Anokye, who is known in high traditional circles as Okomfo Kookoo, predicted that the next --iar to be waged by the nation was that against the Dormans. But prior to this war Okomfo Anokye, the spiritual adviser and confidant of King Osei Tutu, predicted that certain miracles shculd be performed. So certain scientific chemicals were mixed with the Stool of Akyawkrom before the war ensued. The Akyawrkromhene no doubt went to this ,rar and returned home with success. The reigning chief of Akya-Tkrom at this time was Nana Tutu Apim. It is said that Akyawkromhene at this time had 30 guns. After this i"ar with Dormanhene, presumably at Suntresu wlere we have the present Xumasi Estate Buildings, Ckomfo Anokye, it is said, ordered the creation of the Adonten Clan by King Csei Tutu. In reverting to Akan military organisation, the Adonten is supposed to be the main body of the army ith whom is the :krontihene. In Ashanti the Adontenhene of umasi is regarded as the Adontenhene of Ashanti. Ee has the status of a paramount chief. He is regarded as a grade I chief. He seldom removes his sandals from his feet even when exchanging greetings with Asantehene or calling on the Asantehene for customary salutations. It is believed that an infringement of this custom will bring famine to the nation. Even today any Adontenhene who violates this custom will be customarily arrested and severely dealt with by the Asantehene. It is said that after the said war Ckomfo Anokye created the following Poduo Stools:- , Adonte, Antoa, and 3antama Baamu. Poduo Stools are of high significance and at the same time are regarded as principal stools in Ashanti. They are stools more or less of a supernatural significance. Plana Tutu Apim, it is said, went tc the Denkyera "ar, where Ntim Gyakari, the Denkyerahene, was defeated at Feyiase. He returned home unscathed. He also went to the first Gyaman war with the Ashantis when the Gyaman King Abo was conquered. This war, it is said, took place during the reign of King Cpoku 'are, Okatakyei. Mana Tutu Apiin was succeeded on the stool by Nana 3erkye Framoh, his nephew, during the reign of Nana Nusi Obodom - Asantehene. He was also on the stool during the reign of Mana Osei Xadwo. It is further

-4- said that Mana 3erkye Framoh, who was more t:mn a centenarian, reigned up to the time of Nana Bonsu Panyin - Asantehene. He was succeeded on t;e stool by his nephew, Baayim. It is said tat Baayim won the traditional appellation of "Twa" during the Ashanti T,,ar in Fanti land in the reign of riana Bonsu Panyin. After defeating t!he Fantis this chief swore to himself that until he had placed his s-w.ord into the sea he wculd not return home. So he was called by his colleagues "Baayim Bia Ta", meaning a brave man who was able to place a sword of the Asantehene into the sea. It is said tat the Asantehene, rnana 3onsu Panyin, thanked this chief for this noble deed. Thus the title of 3aayim Bia Tia was conferred on him. He was succeeded on the stool by Nti, his nephew, during the reign of Mann Osei Yaw Akoto - Asantehene. Nena riti ,,,ias succeeded on the stool by his brotfler, Flti 'u.ah, during the reign of this same Plana Csei Yaw Akoto - Asantehene. Oae was succeeded on the stool by Nana Owusu Ansah, a ne,,phevi of Nana rti Numah, during the reign of P.ana Agyeman - King Xwaku Duah I. He w.as succeeded on the stool by N'ana "fare, a nephew of Nana Cwusu Ansah. He T-as succeeded on the stool by his ne,,phew,, Nana -:unsi r'kyera, during the reign of .ing '9ofi 7.arikeri. Nana Plkyera was succeeded on the stool by his nephew, rana :wame Sarpong. Kwame Sarpong was succeeded on the stool by his nephew, 'ana Nsebe Tuo, during te period of Ning Prempeh's repatriation from the Seychelles Island. He ,ras succeeded on the stool by ::.,asi Adom who, it is scidt was a regent and not a royal of the stool. It is said that at this time there -was no ripe royal for the stool, so as custom demands, a regent of the stool was appointed. He was destooled for mal-administration. He ,,ias succeeded o the stool by a right royal of the stool, Nana Cwusu Akyaw II, the present reigning dhief, and a nephew of Msebe Tuo.

-5- CIE EFS CF T-E AKYA!IMUL STOOL 1st 2nd 3rd Chief Chief Chief 4th Chief 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th l1th 12th 13th 14th 15th Obuu Asamoash Penaman, a sister of Cbuu Asamoah Owusu Ajyem, a son of rlana Penaman. -e reigned at the same time as [ana Cti Akenten, as well as Man Cbiri Yeboah. Ee reached a very old age on the stool. He was cver 1CO years old. Tut Apim (during the reign of Csei Tutu) Boakye Framoh 3aayim Bia wa Nti Nti .umah C-,Yu su An sah : Jare 7 uasi Nkyera Kame Sarpong Nsebe Tuo Kwasi Adom (Regent - destcoled) Owusu Akyaw II Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief

Classification : Infornant IAS aco. no. AS. 9 Nana Osei Kwame, Atipinhene Recorded by J. Agyeman-Duah Date : 28th October, 1962 Subject ATIPIN STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963

The Atipin Stool comes under the category of Ankobia clan. The Atipinh ene runs second in command to the Ankobiahene of KuMasi. The 3tool of Atipin is said to have been created by Nana Osei Kwame, the Asarit0-1--.nu. It is said that Nana Oiwusu Ansah, the first Atipinhene, was th: soil of Asantehene Nana Osei Kwame. Under a system of mtrilineal desoent knonm to the , T1ua Owvusu Ansah, it is said, came from the .kympim Stool House, but his father was the Asantehene, Nana Osei Kwame. T:e Atipin Stool is one of patrilineal descent. It is knwn as "Ylmamm Dwa", thiat is, a stool of patrilineal descent. Traditionally the Atipin Stool is at times known or called Owusu Ansah Panyin Akondwa, that is, the 1.tool of Owusu Ansah. The occupant of this stool usually calls the Asantehene "Agya", meaning fathor. It is said that when this stool was created fbr Oheneba Owusu Ansah, he put this question to his father, tie Asantehene: "In case I depart to the Region of Hades, who should succeed me?" It is said that-the Asantehene Qrdered that only the sons and grandsons of the Golden .Stool should be entitled to the Atipin Stool. Nana Osei Kwame thus created the Atipin Stool. Nana Ousu Ansah, who is supposed to be the first Atipinhene, was the son of Nana Osei Kwame, Asantehme, who was tne only surviving son of Nana Osafo Kontanko, the llarnonghene, Nana 0wusu Ansah came from the Akyempim Stool House. It is said that when Nana Osei Kwame was enstooled as Asantehene he received miscellaneous gifts and silver collections from the various states in AsLMnti, which amounted to &eredwah Dumienu, X0 120, as a token of his new position. He gave this money to the Adontenhene of Kumasi, then known as Nana Amanlkvdah. Nana Osei Kwame, it is said, appointed the Adontenle-na to be his Treasurer and instructed him to keep the said money for en'iortaining strangers who cald at the King's Court. kut later on, it is said, to Adontenhene, Nana Amankwaah, conspired with sorr of the Akyeame in the Kumasi state to embezzle the money. They said that t had entertained the strangers tith such money. Nana Osei Kwame objected to this and later put the following choice to the Adontenhene. Ke first asked the Adontenhene whether he would like to be killed alive by being tortured, or whether he would ;ay back the money in question without any trouble. So the Adontenhene submitted that sincehe was unable to refund the naney - Eseso, Ehwia, AlSira, and Adugyanma. Nana Asantelfene Osei Kwame accepted this exchange and took these: villages. 'JTon he created the Atipin Stool for his son, Nana Ovusu Ansah, he. orderad that the said villages should be added to the Atipin Stool.

---- 2 .-- It is iultA.x.;r saiC that .r'-en Otumfuo ,ana Osei Kwame created, the stool for his son, Nana Owusu Ansah started to we . when .omin"o e the Oath oi' Allegince before Otumfu6. 'o Oti'mfuo asked him the purIose of his- wcapiL.> lie replied that he had given the st-ool to him as his bel6ved son alone nd tha lie ha3. no supporter. 2I, n i t.-uu'7,,uo 0sui Kwame *ordered that as from that date the sons and -aidsons of the Golden s:tool ;should inher.it th.e said s'to'ol. So tlA stool since its creation ia Toen occupied by the sons and gvandsc:.o of tne Golden Stool. It is alo said that vhen Nana Osei Kwame got these villages from"Adonenhocne, he said to himself: "I have thcug:ht deeply in creating thi; stool for my son as sich. I have te.'fn thie said to;ms to. create ,]o stool" that is, "Mapeneme Tiriu .a ;imagre 3aa Nneema Yi afri wonryen eren me ba". Thus was brought abcut J- Atip:i Stool. .Nana C':usu Ansah went to the Gyaran i ar 6u:rn.n,, t.c ruig n of "Bana 0sei Oonsu h r nheann rtu,;n, It sh ld, however, be noted that s i ihen Otumfeo N-ana Osei Kwama, the Asaxiteheno Moc t and the only surviving son of the. -amonghene, Nana Safo Kantanka, vias coming from Manpong to Kumasi to occupy- the Golden Stool of Ashanti, som time in 1777, the 0yoko-Bremangione,. _Yana Ntoo-Boroku, conspired -vith some members of the Kumasi 2raditionial Concil of Chiefs to opipose vehemently the candidature of Nar&: Osci _hvame - ra direce descendant of King 0soi Tutu, the founder o-: the Ashanti nation. They preferred rathor the c adidature of a certain colateral royal from Ano in the Kokofu district. It sLould, moreover, be recalled that ciring the reign of Nana Attakora Paiin, the Mamponghene, there was only one surviving female royal of tni Golden Stool (a direct descendant Of King Osei Tutu) known as ,,amna Aberafi Yaa, the Qu.een lMother of Ashanti. Unfortunately this Mlamponghone became. blind through a complicated system of incompatible4 as predicted by.the Oracle. He was succeeded on the throne by his nephew, Asumgyima Ponemo. Asumgyima Penemo also married brafi Yaa, the -ueen Mother of Ashanti anid his uncle's widow, for fear that there would not be a direct descendca-t of King Osei 1Tatu to occupy the Golden Stool of Ashanti at some future date. Nana Abdrafi Yaa later brought forth Nana Konadu Yiaaom, w;io was to become the : ueen ilothor of Ashanti. 7-hen i1:ana Kaitanka' s uncle, Asumgyima, died, ho also married his uncle's vidow, Aberafi Yaa, the -of Ashanti, and had two daughters, Aia Sexrah A;iuImwaa and Ser;ah Dente. Later he also married his wifels dau..huer, Nana Konadu Y-iadorn, who buc.,me queen mother of Ashanti, and sho brought forth two d:au-iters, Nana Ama Serwah mnd Ama Serwah Ba-an, adone Son, Osei Kwame, the Asanteheno-to-be.

- 3. - oertholess, when Nana Osei Kwame was about to be enstooled as the Asantehene, there was strong opposition amongst some of the Kumasi chiefs, led by the Oyoko-Bremanghene, Nana Ntoo-Boroku. So the Mamponghene., Nana Attakora ensah, who had then succeeded hils uncle, Nana Osafo jantanka, thought it Met and proper to mobilise forces from the Brong Kyampim area for fear of t e strong opposition that had been set up by the OyokoBremanghcno. The -.amponghene became infuriated about the unhappy state of affairs md marched from Mampong With his mbilised force to Kumasi, and, singing the military song of '"Osum se Yenbra Yaa ba, Osum se Yenbra Yaa be, OJ]oro Berebi a Yebeye Ama Nuoo:" immediately rushed to the meeting of the I umasi Council of Chiefs which was taking place at Dwebraim near the present IIinistry Buildings. On, arrival at Dwebraim, where the Kumasi Traditional Council was insession, thu harfponhene, Nana Attakora Mensa., called his Executioner, by name Konkonti, who responded "Nam!", meaning that he was ready to have the 0yoko-Bremanghene decapitated. The Manpofighene then called his Executioner further mrith the words, "Kutukum"', and Konknti, having replied "ote man", cut off the head of Oyoko-Bremanghene, .Ntoo-Boroko of the Oyoko clan of the Kumasi Traditional Council, who was supposed to be the ring-leader of the conspiracy. This act of-the iamponghene oreated a great sensation in Kumasi and there was an uproar among the remaining chiefs -f the Kumasi Council, who instantly caused the enstoolment of His Royal Highness Nana Osei Kwame, the accredited descendant of King Osei Tutu. Nana 0 vwasu Ansah Panyin was succeeded on the stool by Nana Afriyie Kwame, his son; that is during the reign of Nana Bonsu Panyin - Asantehene, Nana Afriyie Kwame was succeeded on the stool by Nana Oiusu Sampa during the reign of Nana Osei Yaw Akoto. Nana Owusu Sanpa also went to the Akatamanso war. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Abotremu dur'g the reign of this Asantehene. Nana Abotremn w-as succeeded on the stool by Nana Owusu Ansah Kwame. Nana Owusu Ansah Kwame was succeeded on the stool by Nana Saabin, a prince of the Asanteheno. Note Nam = ready to execute duty Kutukum = cut off the head 0e _man_ = the head will no doubt be br6ught to you Konkonti vas a very tall Executioner, probably the tallest Executioner who has over lived in Ashanbi-.

- 4 He was succeeded on the stool by 1:lana Kwa:.u Boateng, a son of Nana Agyemn. 1"o -;as. on the stool up to the reign of -Nano Prmph 1. He went to, Seyrhelles - ;rith KinLj Prempeh I. He died in Seychelles. t is sai, that dur...ng the tiie of 0?ana kai u Boateng tne Fetish Dwemo was about to be t,;c-en away by the Doriaaaahcno, so thie Atipinhene was direotqa by the Xing to stay at Takyanmantia and to serve as a watch dog of the King. It is said.that Nana K-.;a Boatong hept guerd at this place aiC. consequent upon this fact the Doraa31mne -s uniable to take away. the Fetish Dwe no. It .as at a later date that the K .in : as taken away to Seychelles. He was succeeded on the stool byt' -.na 1x a :Da>. ua of iaipong by appointment of the British 'overnimnt, although ho was a grandson of the Golden Stool. He spent about 32 years on the stool. He saw active service durin the 1 900 campaign. The iing reouried from Seychelles Island to meet hirq on the stool. He was not destooled but with the :permission of the King abdicated from tha stool and succeeded his late uncle, 'Taa Osei Bonsu, Omarhene of Ash'-nti :'.iamong, in 1930. He vs destooled by the Kampong people after five years's reign. As a depose6i chief he resided in Kur-asi., He Loa at the age of about 90 on Thursday, 30th Earcd, - 961. 'LI G ;as a groat historian and a person of propc;rty qualification. He was succeeder- by Oheneba Boakye Yaw, a son of King Prempeh I. He was enstoole2 by his fathar himself afteri Lis repatriation from Seychelles. He died on the stool, havir spent about 25 years as Atipirnhono. ; He - as sucdeeded on the stool by Ohuneba Bouahye Dankwa, the present Akyeppimheno. He spent about five years on the stool but was elevated by the presunt Lszatehene, Nana Osei Tutu Agyeman Prempeh II, to his present positibn:,_ as Akyo..pimhene. Ohencba 3oak:o Danjck-a A.enpimhene, is also a priice of the Golden Stool. He Js the son of King Prempeh'T of blessed memory. Ohenelba Boa1We Dankva was succeeded by Oheneba Osei Bafuor. He was a grandson of ,:Je -Qlden Stool but oiacc. tradition 'has it that the stool is normally occupied by the sons of A, -antchonc he ';as entrusted to use the title of Oheneba. He spent over ton years on the stool','but 't was a very old maxn during his time of Office. LWo abdicated ao a result (7 . iS Stnot, 1 of old ago and incapacitation. As custom drnis his stool 'asn been blackened or smoked because he did not dic as a hero, or to be more exact, he did not die on the stool. He wa," succeeded on the. stool bythe present _Lti-ihene, Nana 0soi

-5. Kwame, a grandson of the Golden Stool. He was enstooled on 1 8th January, 1960. 11o took his Oath of Allegiance to the prcsent Asantehene, Nana Osei Tutu Lo±man Prumpch II, with the I!n.T ojonsuo sword. Note :a. The Atipin Stool is not an ancestral stool. b. The Asantehene has a right of prerogative over this stpol. He can appoint anyone he considers fit as Atipinhene, provided he is a son or a grandson of the Golden Stool. c. The following chiefs, though in the Ankobia clan, serve the Atipinhene direct: Apagyahene Apesamakahene nos, Asasohene Ehwiahene Abirahene Takyimatiahene, now Brong Ahafc Sankorehene Adugyamahene Asuofia Adeemmmara PUaku soh ene Gyenehene .Akoro os ohene 1 and 2 Paramount Chief in d. The military divison of the stool is Arnkobia

11 6 - d lst Chief Nar_.a Owsu 2n(1 Nanäa Ifriyrie Kw--,räe 3rd Nana O-v-Pusu Saupa 4th Na---m åb o tre nu 5th Tkula Ovjusu Ansah Kvrame 6th Nana Snäbin 7th Nana Kwaiw Boatong 8th Narn Dua of Hampong 9th Oheneba Boakve Yaw I Oth Oheneba Boakeye Dankwa (present likyomplmhene) lith Ohuneba Osei Bafuor I 2th -INkälå Osci Kwame (present ttipin-helle)

IAS aco. no. AS.1O Nana Akwasi Bugyei III, Asamanhene Panyin Akampong, Abontendomhene of Asaman Panyin Asare Bediako, Ankobiahene of Asaman Recorded by: J. Agyeman-Duah Date: 9th December, 1962 THE HISTORY OF LAKE BOSUIMI Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. March, 1963 Classification., Informants:

Lake Bosumtwi is about 29 miles south-east of Kumasi on the Kokofu-Asamang Road. It is the spiritual centre of the looal..people and is associated with many taboos. It is said that the lake was discovered by a certain hunter, in the person of Akora (old man) Bompe. It is said that during one of his hunting expeditions in that area he shot at an antelope which made off and was later found in a large pool. While trying to capture the, animal, old Bompe saw a larg6' shoal of of extraordinary brightness and colour. He thereupon concluded that the antelope must be a god because it had been responsible for his finding the rich collection of luscious fish. The lake was thus named "Bosumtwi".,meaning "god-antelope". It is further said that old Bompe gave some of the fish to his dog to find out whether it was suitable for consumption. The animal devoured it with unaccustomed relish and without ill effects. It is said that the dog grew more lively and robust. Old Bompe then tried the fish himself and found it was beyond anything he had ever tasted. It is said he scooped out some of the fish and proudly brought them to his master, Akora Gyima, who unhesitatingly declared them excellent. The next time old Bompe went to the lake, he was shocked to meet two strange hunters one from Kuntenase and the other from Manso. There arose a squabble amongst the three who had discovered the lake. Theyinfor@& their respective Chiefs. As a result of this there arose a series of wars in which the Manso people, after having vanquished Kuntenase, declared war on Axamang, The Manso army was routed and its Chief, Bosompem Ntow, was beheaded by the Asamangs. After these "Wars of the Fish" Nana Akora Gyima became the undisputed owner of the lake and in his bounty bestowed various rights along the periphery of the lake to friendly neighbouring states. As a result 26 villages grew up on the shores. Now, however, there are only 24.. One village was so badly stricken with leprosy that the inhabitants decided on mass suicide. Notes on some Taboos of the Lake 1. No boats are permitted on the lake. Only specially designed logs of the "Odwima" tree are to be used on it. 2. Hooks and snares are forbidden. Cont' d./

-2 3. Crabs are not to be taken out of the lake. i. Brass pans, bottles, and anything made of steel are not allowed to touch the holy water. 5. Women are forbidden to.go near the lake at certain periods. Infringement of any of these taboos involves elaborate and expensive rites, and taxes are levied on the offender's village. The Asamanghene is the custodian of the lake for the Asantehene.

IAS ace. no. AS. 11 Informants: Omanhene of Ejisu M.Y. Nkansah, Secretary, Traditional Council of Ejisu. Recorded byr: Date: Subject: M.Y. N1ansah 12t February, 1963 HISTORY OF EJISU - ORIGINS AND HOW EJISU FIRST BECAME A 10ER OF THE ASHANTI CONMEmACY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. AptIl, 1963 Classification:

0 From time immemorial the, Ejisus have belonged to the royal Asona tiib'e. Tradition has it that it was an-e1bphant that brought the Asona tribe from the ground into the world at a place called Adaboye, which is commonly known as Abuakva. The elephant emerged with a woman called .1466h Boade, who begat Ofori Panin, Nyarko-Brei, and Dokiwah. Ofori Panin was the King of the Asona tribe at Abuakwa. Asdh .ioade died'and '-aw succeeded by her daughter, Dokuwah, as the Queen-Mother of the Asona tribe. Ofori Panin died and. left many stool properties, which were contested amongst the Asona royals, vrith the result that civil war broke out on a Wednesday. During this time the Asona tribe was independent and was n6t subservient to any one. As a result of this civil war the various members of the Asona tribe scattered into various localities, namely into Buabinso, Kibi, , Ejisu ana Beposo. The senior men's Stool of the Asona was that of Buabinso. That of Kibi was the senior women's Stool of the Asonas. The Asona Queen-Mother, Dokuwah, -migrated from Abuakwa Adaboye to a place called Kokobianter, and from thence toI Akim Abuakwa (Kibi). Nyarko-Brei also emigrated to Adanse Akrofuom, She begat Amponsah Ahenasa, and Gyawah. Gyawah also begat Ejisuhene Abuagye Agyei who contested for the Stool of his uncle, Amponsah Ahenasa, after his death. Abuagye Agyei did not succeed and therefore emigrated to Amansie Patabu where he died and was buried in the Royal Mausoleum. The villages of Asona, Apinkra and Nuaso were a sked to watch the body, Asuna Gyima succeeded Abuagye Agyei and brought the Ejisus from Patabu to their present settlement. On arrival they bought the land from the Akyiawkromhene, Nana Obui Asamoah, for 80 Preguans. A certain chief called Kwakyi Depoa was an Obrempong of note in the neighbourhood and harrassed the surrounding villages. The Ejisus fought and beheaded him for the sake of peace. Asuna Gyima died and Duko Pim succeeded him. THE ASHANTI CONFEDERACY During this time the King of Denyira, called Ntim Gyakari, was the overlord of all the Ashanti chiefs. This Denklirahene harrassed those subject states under his rule, with the result that they resented his tyrannous rule, and ultimately formed a pl~t for his overthrow. The celebrated Komfuo Anokye assured these malcontents that they could conquor Ntim Gyakari if they would all amalgamate and put up a united front in battle against their overlord.

. Accordingly these several states became one compact b6dy and' the Ejisuhene, Duko Pimi, was made by Komfuor Anokye to tak6 his place among the "Mifa" chiefs in the right wing of the army. He had one thousand guns under him in the field. InZorder to ensure the success- of the' campaign, the celebrated Komfuor Anokye requested the sacrifice of a "Nifa" chief in the right wing of thearmy. If such a chief would fall in battle, that would be a good token for the success of the campaign. The Ejisuhene, Duko Pim, accordinigly sacrificed himself and fell bn the field of battle on one Stmdsy (Kwasiada). Hence that day was consecrated to the Ejisua Oath to perpetuate the memory of Ejisuhene Duko Pim at the battle of Feyiase. .Before Ejisuhene Duko Pim sacrificed himself and went to the fi eld ofbattle, he made arrangements with the Kumasihene that he would never inflict capital punishment by execution on any member of the A0ona tribe after his death. This arrangement was accordingly made-between the tWo Chiefs befQre'going to Peyiase. . The following are also some of the Asona villagds:" Asotwe,-B~nire, T4no- Dumase, Abrakaso, Anyinasu, and Busore. These people were all living in their present settlements and were subordinate to the Ejisuhene emigrated from Patabu.

- 3 THE AWMENE OF EJISU ATM MR RESPECTIVE ,CTrTIIES I. Nana Aboagye Agyei 2. Nana Asona Gyima Tani 3. Nana Duko Pim I Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Oben Dotwa Asumin Boabae Gyapong Boampong Akoteng Adomako Panin Okyere Bafuor Owusu Ansah 11. Nana Asumin Akui 12. Nana Kofi Abire Nuamoah 13. Nana Kwabena Tiaah Nana Nana Nana Kwadwo Dakwa Kwame Wuo Kwasi Afranie Okese I 17. Nana Kwasi Afranie II 18. Nana Yaa Asantewah I Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Nana Yaw Awuah Kwaku Derkyi Kwaku Duko Kwabena Owusu Kwadwo Boateng Kwabena Owusu Asona Gyima II Kwasi Afranie III Diko Pim III Kwabena Owusu Fought vth and beheaded Kwakyi Dopa Died at Feyiase. Won the Oath of Kwasiada for Ejisu Accompanied King Bonsu to the Fante 7-ar and died. Accompanied King Bonsu to the Gyam WVar. Destooled. Accompanied King Adu-Bafuor to the Krepe War. Destooled Reigned at the time of King Karikari. Destooled - Destooled - Fought and defeated Saviua, Mampong, Nsuta, Kokofu. He beheaded Sawua Achiampong for Asantehene. He installed King Prempeh of Ashanti. He received Ntahera from Mampong &Apirede from Nsuta, and Ashanthhene confirmed them f or his use. - Joined the army to fight the Nkoranzas but was defeated by them. - Led the Ashanti army to fight the British but was defeated 1900. - Destooled - Destooled - Destooled - Destooled (ruled 1919-1927) - Died on the throne (ruled 1928-4931) - Built the Catholic Primary School, 1933. Installed for the 2nd time. (ruled 1932-1937) - Destooled (ruled 1937-1945) -. Died on the Stool (ruled 1946-56) - Destooled (ruled 1956-58) - 3rd time on the Stool. Has been reigning from 1958. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 21+. 25. 26. 27. 28. 8/%

Classi fication: Informants:; Nana Yaw Boateng, Dadiesoabahene Kwame Mensah, Abusuapanin Recorded by: J. Agyeman-Duah 19th January, 1963 Subject: D.AIESOABA STOOL HISTORY Institute of African Studies, Udiversity of Ghana, Legfn April, 1963 IALS acc. no. AS, 12

The Dadiesoabahene belongs to the Gyase Division of the Asantehene. He runs..third in command to the-Saamanhene who is more or less the nominal chief, .or figure head, of the Gyase Clean of thei;Kumasi Division. Traditionally, Saamanhene. is the Hea ,.c!n C hi.ef (Fokotiri) of the Gyase Clma. '.ut as custom, demands, tp..,:Sgamanh ene cannot act as such during the normal sitting of the King. He is restricted from expressing his views whilst the state is in session. As a result of the carping disposition of the Saamanhene the Gyasehene is attimes known as Buabasa, and ip empowered by the King -to act. as suoh without restraint. The Dadiesoabahene swears to the Asantehene with the Mpomponsuo sword. He has right of access to call at the King's palace for parlance as the occasion demands without seeking permission from the. Head clan Chief. Tradition has it that the Dadiesoaba Stool is known as "Antwi ne Abepg Stool". The classificatory system (Lbusua) of the Dadiesoabahene is the Eduana Clan. This is quite separate and apart from the Gyase Clan (Fokio) of which hei is inheritor in the Kumasi Division or in. the Kin ' 1 yase (Fokuo). It is said that after the Denkyera War vwth Ntim Gyakari, the ancestress of the present Dadiesoaba Stool, by name Ampoma: Tim, migrated from Denkyera..Stool to Kumasi with a miniature stool. The reigning King of the Ashantis at that time was Nana Opoku Ware, Okatakyei. The ancestress no doubt gave birth to Nti Panin who was to become the future Dadieepoabahene, or Nkuntum ne Nkentenhene. The ancestral.,.. stool, it is saidp is now occupied by the Abaapanin or female royals atta _hed.to the. stool. .The Dadiesuaba stool is said to have been created by ing Opoku. Ware6 It is hereditary, that is a stool of matrilineal descent. Although: created by the King, it is not one by appointment of the King himself., It is a popular stool: to which certain specific royals are entitlea, The electors of the stool have to make their own choice as.. regards the el ection of pandidates to the stool when it becomes vacant, upon c.nsultation with the Obaapanin attached to the stool. It is said. that when: Nana Opoq.u Ware irn.ited the ancestress, relatives and retinue of the present Dadiesoaba stool from Denkyera, to a town create4 in Kumasi by his predecessor, King Osei Tutu, thege. ancestors of the present Dadiesoaba stool arrived at Kumasi holding stipks,, cudgels, knives :and other weapons. So the King thought it meet and proper to appoint a head for such a mobilised gang or group. Thus was created the Dadiesoabahene, that is the Chief of the Holders of.the Deadly Weapons. The Dadiesoabahene is at times known as Nkuntun ne Nkentenhene, which of course, is a synonym of Dadiesoabahene.

- 2 It is also said that formerly the Dadiesoabahene was known as Kotiahene, the chief of the wayside. That is, on their arrival at Kumsi! they were rrot made prominent citizens of the town, but were more -or less recognised as aliens, so they were made to stay at a placenow known as Akyiase, on the,'Kokofu road. Whilst resident there, their head of chief was known as Kotiahene. Kotia means roadside, so Kotiahene means chief of the resident of the roadside. it is said that Nana Ampoma Tim, the ancestress, begat Amunumaah and Nyantsayiwaa (females) and one son, Nti Panin, who was the .future (and first) Dadiesoabahene. So on the creation of the Dadiesoaba Stool by King Opoku Ware. the first chief was Nti Panin, a son of Jmpoma Tim from Denkyera. Itis said that Nti Panin went to the Gyaman war during the reign of Nana.* Opoku are, when the Gyaman Chief. Kpfi.&Abo was 'da:ptured and defeated. He was succeeded on the stool by Nti"Kumah who, according to the sage, was not a true royal of the stool but (although of the'Eduana clan) was appointed from a different place to succeed Oti Panin, since. there was no ripe royal at the time. Upon further investigation it is said that although Nti Kuma as not an accredited royal of the stool, his stool was blackened or smoked. But tradition has -it that once an ancestral stool is blackened, then, of course, the descendants of that particular ancestor, although not an accredited, ro-yal, automatically become annexed- royals of that. partioxular stool, ,and. can contest for the stool whenever.. it, becomes,:. vacant.,"-....:. *. '' : It is said that Worosa, King of Banda, started to seize and kill Asante ,traders. in his territory, and consequently King Osei. Kwadwo declared, war' onhim. It was the Nkoranzahene, KofiBudii, who reported this matet.er to !the .lpantehene. It is said that th-e war was one of hostilities. The Nkoranzahene, it is said, could not witstand the:. bullet shots of Worosa, King of Banda. This unhappy inc dt was.,:reported, to the ,Asantehene, who ordered reinforements to. be- sent.- to the battlefiela. The Asahtehene ordered that.Atobra.'.Kwesi, the. Dadiesoabahene, should go to assist the .tranzahene* The Nk oranzahener; it is said,. took to; his heels and died. latep'-at NkoranzA - though:.not,. of course, on the. battlefield. The Dadiesoabahene, AtobraAKvesi, it is said, fought mercilessly with 'the Worasa Chief at a place, called Boye. It. is said that one thousand people of the. Dadiesoabahene died on the spot. The Worosa Chief, it is said, was at long last beheaded by the Dadiesoabahene, Atobra Kwesi, and his skull sent to the Asantehene.

- 3 - His head was imitated in gold and placed on the King's sword, which can be found in the King's courtyard today, and is called Worosa-ti. The Worosa Chief, it is said, was a Chief of distinguished and noble appearance, with a broad face and flat head. Atroba Kwesi was succeeded on the stool by. Oti Awere from Dompoase. Though an Eduana. man, he was not a descendant of Nana Ampoma Tim, because there was no ripe successor at this time, and it was thought meet and proper to invite someone from the same clan or Abusua, but not, of.course, speciioally. from that particular area or town, to become Dadiesoabahene. .This was during the reign of Nana Osei Kwame. Nana Oti Awere was succeeded on the stool by Nana Ako who also came from Dompoase. He was also of the Eduana clan, but from the ancestral house of Nana Ampoma Tim. NanaAko was succeeded by Nana Ani Kete during the reign -of Nana Bonsu Panyin. He went to war in Fanti land. He was succeeded on the stool by-Nana Kubea. It is said that at this time the only surviving female royal, who was the daughter of Nana Nyantakyi, was sent to Afrandio at the instance of Nana Kubea, the reigning chief, in order to produce offspring for the stool, who would, of course, be the rightful heirs. So this female royal, by name Ataa Muam, was made to marry the Aframtwo Dikro. He was succeeded on the stool by one Kwame Duodu during the reign of Nana Yaw Akoto; he was succeeded on the stool by one Osei of the Eduana clan. from Sepe. Though of the Eduana clan he died not come from the ancestral house of Nana Ampoma Tim, since there was still no ripe royal who was of the Eduana clan Abusua and of the particular house of Nana Ampoma Tim. He was succeeded on the stool by Kwame Asumin whilst, Iing Prempeh was in exile. He was succeeded on the stool by Kofi Nti Takora during the Yaa Asantewaa campaign of 1900. Kofi Nti Takora, it is said, was not a descendant of Nana Ampoma Tim but was invited to occupy the stool since there was no ripe royal. He was of the Eduana clan. Kofi Nti was succeeded on the stool by Kwabena Sekyere from Buoho. He was the occupant of the stool during the administration of the then Chief Commissioner of Ashanti, Major Fuller. He, it is said, built the present stool house at his own discretion. Although he was no descendan of Nana Ampoma Tim, he was of the Eduana clan and was invited to be

- 4 Dadiesoabahene because there w as no: ripe royal for the st6o. He was succeeded on the stool by NaniPepraYaw. IHe, it is 6, had three hundred children. He was succeeded on the stool by Kwame Asumin during the reign of King Prempeh I. He was on the stool when the King returned from Seychelles* He was succeeded on the stool by Kofi Nsiah, who was Dot a royal of the. stool but was made to occupy it. He was destooled and exiled for conspiring with some of the Kumasi chidfs against the present reigning King, Nana Osei Agyeman Prempeh II. The ban on his exile was lifted about 13 years ago. Hewas resident at Banda. He was succeeded by Kwesi Edusei during this reigning King. He was a very passionate Chief, quick to lose his temper. He died about six years ago. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Yaw Boateng, the present Dadiesoabahene, who, it is said, is a true descendant of Nana Ampoma Tim, the ancestress of the Dadiesoaba stool.

- 5 CHIEFS OF T E DADIESOABA STOOL 1st chief * Nana Nti Panin 2nd chief . Nana Nti Kumah 3rd chief Nana Atroba Kwesi I1th chief Nana Oti Awere 51h chief Nana Ako 6th chief Nana Ani Kete 7th chief Nana Kubea 8th chief Nana Kwame Duodu 9th chief Nana Osei 10th chief Nana Kwame Asumin I 11th chief Nana Kofi Nti Takora 12th Chief Nana Kwabena Sekyere 13th chief Nana Pepra Yaw 11th chief Nana Kwame Asumin II 15th chief Naia Kofi Nsiah (destoole) 16th chief Nana Kwesi Edusei 17th chief Nana Yaw Boateng (present Dadiesoabahene)

Classification: Informants: Nana Kwabena Boakye, Adwomfuohene Kofi Gua Anim, Elder Yaw Asum, Elder Recorded by: J. Agyeman-Duah Date: 29th December, 1962 STOOL HISTORY OF ASADTEHENEtS AYVO_0, (cHIEF GOLDSAITH) Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. April, 1963 SQub ot : IAS acc. no. AS.13

This chief holds a dual capacity in the Asantehene's Courtyard. He is the Adwomakvahene as well as the Adwomfuohene (Chief Goldsmith). He belongs to the Kyidom clan of the Kumasi Traditional Council. He has a black stool or ancestral stool and swears to the Asantehene with the Mpomponsuo sword. He is at liberty to call at the King's palace for consultation with the Asantehene as the occasion may demand. It is said that Nana Agyare, ancestor of this stool, was the Adwomakrahene and Adwomfuohene (Chief Goldsmith) of Denkyerahene, Boa Anponsem, and was resident at Denkyera in the old days. But it so happened that when Nana Osei Tutu left Denkyera unceremoniously for Akwamu as a result of Bensua's pregnancy, he eloped wiath two women, namely Kwankye, the Adwomfuohene-to-be of Asantehene, Nana Osei Tutu. It is said that these women were lovers of King Osei Tutu whilst at Denkyera, but tradition has it that the King can marry two women of the same pedigree from a particular house. It is said that on one morning when Nana Agyare, the Adwomakwhene and Adwomfuohene, went to the house of his relatives, namely Kwankye Anema and Baabo, and asked of them, they were nowhere to be found. He questioned a certain lad in the house about their whereabouts. Nana Agyare no doubt was told by the lad that a certain royal from Kwamang, which was the present Kumasi, by name Barima Osei Tutu, had taken the w'omen away. So Nana Agyare ordered that they should be pursued. When the searchers arrived at the bank of the Offin river, they were told by the residents there that a certain royal of a distinguished noble appearance, by name Osei Tutu, had just crossed the river with two beautiful women. The searchers were daunted by this news and gave up the pursuit. They returned home after a hazardous journey and reported the unhappy state of affairs to the Denkyerahene, Nana Boa Amposan, and Nana Agyare. Nana Agyare later obtained permission from the Dentkerahene, Nana Boa Amposen, to go and search for his two sisters. It is said that he left Denkyera with a retinue of 1,500 people and got to a certain village called Apaase in the Atwima, Area. From Appase they c&lled at the present area of Kumasi which was formerly knovm as Kwamang. At Kumasi they called on Nana Awere, the Asafuhene of Kumasi, now known as Akwamuhene of Kumasi. Chief Awere directed them to the house of Nana Asantehene Osei Tutu, whrio was then the reigning . It is said that at this time Nana Osei Tutu had not yet been proclaimed the King of Ashanti. So on their arrival at Kumasi, Nana Osei Tutu ordered that they should reside at Aketegu, a village near the University. At Aketegu they were hemmed in, so they all left for a certain area known as Adumase. It is said that when they were coming from Denkyera Nana Agyare discovered that there was an area on the way where there were three Odum trees. He felt that the area could be of great commercial value for them. So they all left for this new place,

- 2 naming it Adumase, after the three Odum trees. But the area in question is at present''known as Adumase No.1, in that.'there have been other villages bearing .similar names. So after all Nana Agyare was able to meet Nana Osei Tutu in person, and asked him whether it was fitting tQ.elope Ath his two sisters without informing him. However he accepted the fact that .\Tana Osei Tutu was now his brother-in-law. But Nana Osei Tutu, who was a strong man of action and an exceptionally good administrator, replied that if he had called at his house to say goodbye to him he would have had no chance Of taking his 'two .sisters along. He further asked Nana Agyare to forget about the episode, w.hich he considered was one of a trivial nature, and to stay -Ath him in Kumasi where he was about to establish his ruling dynasty as the first I'santehene. Nana Agyare agreed to the King's request and was given a place to stay with his retinue. The place.of.residence was Aburaase. So Nana Agyare was made-the Chief of Aburaase Adwomfuohene. Aburaese is an area at Akyeremade in Kumasi. It is near Nana Akyempimhene' s Stool house. - . So at long last Nana Agyare became an accredited brother-%n-paw of Asantehene, King Osei Tutu, and was not allowed to return to', Denkyera. He.bacame a prominent citizen of Kumasi and the Adwomfuohene of Asantbhene. Duties of Adwomfuohene : (a) Responsible for the decoration of the Golden Stool. (b) Responsible for making Stool regalia for the Asantehene, e.g., Abosode, Abrafo Koomu, rings for'Asantehene, Asipim (stool of Asantehene), and golden sandals. Apellation : Gua Apim

- 3 CHIEFS OF-THE 1WIM0 STOOL I st chief 2nd chief 3rd chief 4th chief 5th chief 6th chief 7th chief 8th chief 9th chief Nana Agyare Nana Kwasi Ansah Nana Bamfo Musuo Nana Gyamanen Awere Nana Yaw Pipun Oheneba Boakye Dankwa Nana Asaomah Nana Dweben Nana Agyare - He was on the stool during the reign of Nana Bonsu Panyin - A son of Nana Kwaku Duah I. It is said that Nana Agyeman King Kwaku Duah I, married Konadu from this house and begat Oheneba Boakye Dankwa. It is said that this Chief was on the stool during the reign of Nana Kofi Karikari. A royal of the stool. He died during the Yaa Asantewa war in 1900. He was killed by the British. He was enstooled in 1900. He saw active service in the Yaa Asantewa war in 1900. - He was enstooled three years before the death of King Prempeh I. He is still the occupant of the stool. IA acc. no. AS.14 Opanin BosummoroAsantehene's Asomfuohene lfofi Konadu, Gyasehene of Asomfuo Stool ofi [:inta, Goldsmith M('yaku Amankwa, Goldsmith Lrabena Dvuonfuo, Goldsmith : abena Earfo, Goldsmith Kofi Donkor, Goldsmith Osei Adv, Goldsmith X 1wesi Agyare, Goldsmith Xwabena Agyare, Goldsmith Recorded by : J. Agyeman-Duah 28th December, 1%2 ASC""FUC STOCL E1ISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon April, 1%3 Classification :

The Asomfuohene is a senior goldsmith of the Asantehene; he is another chief - in a limited sense - of the Goldsmith division of the Asantehene. - 7e is more or less a subordinate chief of the Ad,omfuohene. The Asomfuo stool is a stool of patrilineal descent. it is also in the H yidom clan - although the Asomuohene has direct access to te Asantehene on matters of consultation, he is a subordinate chief of Adi.omfuohene. Ee swears to the Asantehnene on the Aheh!.rebaa sword. This is a sw:iord of less significance thsan the .pomponsuo sword. :t is said that it !-as during the reign of Plana Agyeman, alias Plana 7-,eku Dua I, that tihis stool was created. it is said that formerly there were three recognised chief goldsmiths resident in Ashanti, namely the Jenkyerahene's goldsmith, t!he Tekyimanhene's goldsmith, and the Ckyenhene's goldsmitth. These goldsmiths no doubt were captives of war or prisoners taken to ::umasi by conquest of 1,ar, and affiliated to tl.,e As'2antis. it is said that prior to the reign of Hana Agyeman, alias Plana Iweku Duah I, no Asantelhene had created a stool for his own goldsmith at Z.umasi. Alth2ough there were goldsmiths of the Asanteene, e.w., Adwomfuohene, they twere not of his own creation. It is said tLhnt the first Asomfuohene so created --as Nlana Tabiri, a descendant of Plana Gua Pim. Ntana Gua ?im, it is said, wvas a skilful goldsmith who, no doubt, was related to t.e Adwomakwaahene and Adwomfuohene of :enkyerahene, Hana -3oap6peez:.*. and later-of King'Osci Tutu, the first Asantehene. The Asantetlene, Nana Agyeman, alias Plana K-.eku Duah I, it is said, created a ,wite stool witli ate (cushion) and a horse tail for rlana Tabiri, as a symbol of his position as the first Asomfuollene. The Asantehene, Nana Agyeman, it is said, also appointed a stool carrier, by name Odo Efe. This chief ten took the oath of allegiance to Ctumfuo ilana Agyeman w.ith t:ie Ahwetwebaa sw.ord. As previouslr stated, this is a sword of less significance than the f."pomponsuo s,,.Yord. Thi1s stool therefore is traditionally one of patrilineal descent (iMama ,wa), not a royal stool. it is said that the first Asomfuohene so created -,'as rlana Tabiri. This man, it is said, ras the son of lana Agyare, -iho w,,as the Adwomakwaahene and Adwomfuohene of Denkyerahene, Ilana 3oa Aponsem, and had come to ,.umasi in search of his two daughters, :'.,ankye Anema an, Beabo, who had been taken away by Xing :sei Tutu. These --yomen no doubt 7,ere to become the future ives of -.ing rsei Tutu at 'umasi. But consequent upon this fact, [lana Agyare, then an immigrant, it is said, married a -:umasi woman, or more specifically a woman wirithin the area of :umasi. Tradition has it tat there !!ere some people resident in :.umasi who were known, like

-2- Londoners, as "Numasefoo". As a result of this tOey had a son w,.o was Tabiri, the future Asomfuohene of r!ana Asante:'ene, ring :,eku uah I. So Tabiri became the first Asomfuohene of Asanteene. The village of Tabiri is known as Ckyere ::urom, and is about 9 miles from umasi. It is said that during his youth Tabiri proved himself to be a very skilful goldsmith. So -rhaen he became of age the ",ing t:%ugh t it meet and proper to create a stool for him. So te stool i,Tas created for Tabiri in the paternal line; it is recognised as a stool of patrilineal descent and not one of matrilineal descent. It is a stool which is a,arded to t'le best goldsmith on te paternal side. Before any one is appointed to the sto.'1, he must prove himself to be a skilful goldsmith. So !ana Tabiri was succeeded on the stool by his brother, I lana Amponsah. Ee was a brot.er in the paternal sense. Tt is said that Hann Amponsah was alive during the reign of :ing :weku "ua"A III, alias [lana Prempeh I. He was succeeded on the stool by Nana Akwpiasi rlyarko, a paternal brother of Mana Amponsah, before :-ing PrempehI's exile to Seychelles Island. This chief died before t!,e king's repatriation from Seychelles. He was succeeded on the stool by 1Iana £sei Adu, a grandson of the stool, whilst the king was in exile. !an Csei Adu was succeeded on the stool by :T'rame Amponsah II, a son of the stool, whilst the king ,wias still in exile. lle was succeeded on the stool by I~wame Amponsah III, a rra.ndson of the stool, during th1is reigning king, ilana Agyeman Prempeh II. Se ,as succeeded on the stool by Cpanin 3osummoro in 1943. He is type present chiief of te stool and took t:e oat!, of allegiance wnith the Ahwehwebaa sv.,ord, to th:e present Asantehene in 1943. Se is about 7C years old and a man of opulence.

-3- CEI EFS CF ' T'-' A507 FUC STCOL ist chief tjana Tabiri 2nd chief [lana Aniponsak 3rd C'ief Pana PAkm~si flyerko 4Ch chief Mana CVsei Adu 5th chief riana Zijame Amponsah II 6t111 chief D-ana Kwame Amnonsa:i III 7C~ chief tjana Opanin Bosurnmoro

Classification: Informant Recolded by IAS acc. no. AS.15 Hana Poku Iiensah II, Gyasehene J. Agyeman-Duah 2nd November, 1%2 GYASE STOCL ZISTORY Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon April. 1%3

Gyasehene : Gvase Stool : Position of Gyasehene : Cne responsible for the upkeep of the offi-e of t:e :fing's Household. The Gyase Stool was created by [lana Opoku 7:are, who is traditionally known as Ckatakyei. ,e is supposed to be the most Gyase Division of Asantehene. recognised :cead Clan Chief. 7unctions at the Ming's Palace senior chief of the ::e is apparently the The first duty of the Gyasehene is to wake the Asallte-ene early frcm bed. :e sees to it that the Asantehene takes his bath at the proper time. Ne Sives money to buy food to the household servants. So far as tradition is concerned the Gyasehene is the only person who knows the financial position of the .-ing. Ee is more or less the Financial Secretary, or Chancellor of the Exchequer of the Zing. Although the Asantehene has a Sanahene who is the traditional Treasurer of the king, he takes his instructions from the Gyasehene so far as t2e activities of the household are concerned. All those concerned --Tith the ing's household come under the category of the Gyasehene. The following chiefs and linguists of the -:umasi Traditional Council also come under th.e Gyasehene:- :.yeame Hantwi .yeame Ya-i Barima :cyeame 7a- :ensah Jachihene, who has been elevated to a Paramount Cief by the present Ghana Government : Abedomahene The Gyase stool is one of patrilineal descent, "ima Dwa. The king cannot use his prerogative in the appointmer-t of a candidate for this stool. :t is no hereditary royal stool. The stool belongs to the descendants of Fiana Poku Frefre, and is so confirmed by the Asante'hene. The first chief 'Yas Adusei Atwenewa. ::e is supposed to be the chnief for whom the stool was created by :ing Cpoku "Jare. -:e was succeeded by Opoku Frefre, who was enstooled during the reign of Piana Opoku "jare. Buabasa was a title conferred on Cpoku Frefre by t:2e king. Buabasa means the breaker of hands or shoulders of war captives. He died on the stool.

-2- He was succeeded on the stool by Plana Kwaku Boahene, a brother of Cpoku Frefre. Fe went to no ,-,!ar. !e died on the stool and was succeeded by Adu Bofuo during the reign of HIana ::arikari. '"e ,,as the son of C'poku Frefre. E e w,,ent to war in Togoland (the wera war which lasted for three years). .,e died on the stool. 1-1e ,as succeeded by his son H''ofi Poku, who was enstooled during the reign of t"h.e same King, ;ofi Xarikari. _He died on the stool. He was succeeded on the stool by ?oku iKensah, a son of Adu Bofuo. He went to the Yaa Asantewa Jar. He was on the stool before 'ing Preipe- I was taken to Seychelles Island by the 3ritish imperialists. He died on the stool. H-e died -lien te Yac. Asantewa?,Tar was in progress. Ire died a natural death at Humasi. i-:e was succeeded on the stool by E.anwere Cpoku, who spent about four months on the stool. lie was killed during the Yaa Asantewa campaign in 19CO. He w,,Yas shot by the 3ritish at Jachie. He was succeeded on the stool by 7frame Tua., whzo ,,as not in any way connected with the stool, but was appointed by the 3ritish Government after the Yaa Asantewa campaign in 1900. He was later destooled for mal-administration. - He was succeeded on the stool by Asubonteng, a son of Adu Bofuo. :afl w!Brr±i vb Prr .,". T Elo "-,:"es. e F.t ,,o i,'r. He was also destooled for a charge of desecration of the Golden Stool.. He was deported or exiled after the case had been tried by Asanteman. He was succeeded on the stool by rana ,'ojo Poku. He -1,as also destooled for mal-administration during "r. 0. S. Agyeman's conspiracy against the present Asantehene. He conspired against the present Asantehene. He was enstooled during the office of this same king and destooled by him. He ,.as succeeded on the- stool by Iofi Poku, a son of Adu Bofuo. F e was also destooled, after spending about four years on the stool. He was destooled for selling stool property. He ,,as succeeded by Adu Hantwi, a son of the stool. .i;e was also destooled by the present Asantehene for mal-administration. !7-e was succeeded on the stool by Akwasi Adu Bofuo, a son of the stool. !e was destooled by this present Asantehene for a.- act of conspiracy. 'e was succeeded on the stool by the present c',ief Poku Eensa!, II, a descendant of Adu Bofuo. "-He has reigned for almost five years on the stool.

-3- CNHF'S OF MEE I U.ASI YASE 23TOOL 1st cief Adusei Atwenewa 2nd chief Opoku Frefre 3rd chief : .waku 3oahc n 4th chief Adu Bofuo 5th chief : ofi Poku I 6th chief Poku "ensah I 7th chief : E.anwere Opoku 8th chief : wame Tuahi (destooled) 9th chief Asubonteng (deported) 10th chief : ojo Poku (destooled) l1th chief : ofi Poku II (destooled) 12th ciief Adu rHantwi (destooled) 13th chief Ak!,,Yesi Adu Bofuo (destooled) 14th chief Poku riensah II (present ciief) The Gyasehene is by custom prohibited from using the title of qIana. The appropriate title for the Gyasehene is Cpanin.

Classification Informants Recorded by Date: IAS acc. no. AS.16 Boateng Sarpong, Prince (62 years) Kwasi Kramo (a Muilim) Fanp Osei Tutu, Sanahene of Juaben (60 years) liana Juaben Serw ah Il J. Sgyeman-Dikn1 29th Januatry, 1963 JUABr PIOUUd-L-MMT STOOL HISTORY Institute of 1frican Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. April, 1963

Juaben is about 19 miles from lIumasi. It is one of the five principal towns of the Ashanti nation (Ashanti Amantuo I-lum). Nana Juabenhene, it is said, came from Asumegya As-ntemanso. The ancestress of this Stool is called Aberewa Ampim. It i-as hmecu Axpim who came --ith he- retinue from Z-sumey- Asnntemanso. [:t this timne il is said that there s no stool -whatsoever attoched to the Juaben state. Thilst coming she settled c-t Otikurom Juaben M;ma (Sall Juaben). She stryed a.t Ju'ben :Tmv' for about four or five years. S*-e had so many children that one of them oigrated. He was called !ketewa aerz a(male). He vies more or less the h::-.dmsn of the grout-. It is said that 1".ete . - rl v.s a hunter. He discovered the present arec. He met a certain man in Juaben arc-r, by name ?Buama iKokoo Se Bota, resident at Juaben 'ith his family. He was also a hunter. So -hel Aketewa 1Jam met this man at Juaben he asked him : 111Tt is your.cl? He. told Aketeva ijam that he was of the Oyoke' Clan. Akete-;a am replied that he also was of the 0yoko Clan, and had come to pay iaE a visit. Buama Kokoo welcomed him and said. that they were all brothe.rs. So Aketer,%a Nam went back and informed his mother and relatives that he had met his uncle. Aketewa r-am did not come back again, but dicd a;. Oti Kurom. He was succeeded by Awere Tumfuo (a blacksmith), his brother. Awere T~mfuo no doubt cume right down to the present arer. of Juaben and settled writh his'uncle at Juaben. Awere Tumfuo died and was succeeded by Dankwa Afere Apo (a hunter). He was also his brother. Dankwa Afere Ape was succeeded by Eto Frimong, his brother. It is said that all the ancestors or predecessors were hunters because there was no Stool attached to the state. Etc Frimpong w, s succeeded by Kofi Agyekum, a brother of Etc Frimpong. He was also a. hunter. Kofi Agyekum was succeeded by Impobin ifra, his brother, elso a hunter. He was succeeded by his brother, Adaakviah Yiadom (a hunter). It is said that Juaben achieved a. stool through the instrumentality of Adapalwah Yiadom. It is said that it was during the succession of Adaakwah Yiadom that isanzehiene Nana Osei Tutu invited him to his court. Ntim Gyakari, the Denkyerahene, had sent messengers to Nana Osei Tutu to collect tribute from the people of Ashanti. It is spid that at this time the Denkyerahene ruled all the five aristocracies, hamely Juaben, Nsuta, Mampong, Kumasi and Bekwai.

-2- Juaben i-;w s responsible frr the fire-ood of Denkyer teie, 7jsuta -iws responsible -or ti red cly, 1 ampong for the fibres, 7e1si for the carrying of "rter, and the Asantehene hrd to send one of Mis v:ivos annually to the Denkyerahene to nurse his princes -rid princess's. The messenger of Irtim Gypkari, Aisia, was sent to collect these various tributes from t-'-e five tovfns. (It is sir' tht the A sanrtehene Obiri Yeboeh was an uncle of i: r Osei Tutu, - io u: s sent to Denkyerr for trainin.. It is said that whilst -t Den1Vrer- f'sei Tutu become the lover of a certain womb'n, bna.e ;:ku,.-, 2binr_ Tensua, a sister of i'n. Doaponsem, the Denkyer .hene. This ivomrn brouejht forth a child, -..ho v.ws :_,tiin ,-yakari. So 'tim Gyaka-ri becoze the, Denkyerahene, and it wfvs he ,ho sent mess-.ngers to his fother, Osei Tutu, to collect tribute.) Asantehene therefore asked Juabenhene ikdaavleah Yiadom whether he thought it v:a s Lood or nice for the father to serve the son in this way (Agya okosom 'gba). The Juabenhene replied that this state of affairs was wrong, and that it ould be meet and proper to wage war against the Denk1erahene. So war ensued. It is said that it was the Juabenhene who killed I'Ttim Gyakpri on the battlefield. It is said that the Commarnlerin-Chief of this wEr was Nana Boahene Anantuo, the Mamponghene. But Ntim Gyakari was captured by Lana Adeakv,a Yiadom. He was sent to Kumasi, where he was beheaded. His head was taken by the Asantehene, his legs by the L amponghene, and his fingers by the Juabenhene. His %fingers (kwadumasa) can be found today on the Juabenhene's umbrella. The beard was taken to the Bek-ihene, Ogu Ame Yaw. After this war Nana Adaaakwah Yiadom died. Tt is said that after his death his Stool was smoked or blackened by his brother, Osei Hwidie, during the reign of Nana Opoku Ware, Asentehene. Y'!ana Adaakweth Yiadom wns succeeded by his brother Osei Hwidie (their mother was called Asantcwij Kukoe). During the reign of !,Tana Osei Hwidie it -ws discovered that there was a certain chief at Abuaso, known as 'tiamoah Amankuo. So Nana Osei Hwidie asked Bunmr Kokoo Se Bota where this chief could be found. Bupma Kokoo showed him the way to .buaso. Ntiamoah Amankuo was the 1bua-sohene, and was more or less the real ormer of Juaben lands. The Juabenhene, ITPna Osei, fought with the Chief of Abuaso. He captured him and took all his property and the lands in question. The Abuasohene w-s later decapitated by Nana Osei. ill his towns, drums, villages, etc., were taken by the Juabenhene.

-3- At a later date Nana Juabenhene questioned Boama Kokoo &o Bota about whether there were any other people or Lhiefs who shered a common boundary with him. Boama Kokoo told him that tnere i;, s on3 chief, by nciae Ofinam, the N-kuokromh-ene. UTe Wps therefore captured by Jurbenhene Nana Osei Hwiidie, who took his lands, etc. He wes beheaded. Nana Osei Hwidie fought with enother chief who shared bounda.ry with him, by name Adu.,nhene WFareye Akora. He was more or lessParpmount Chief. He was captured and beheaded by Y7,n. Osei .xldie. (Adumanhene wv s the ancestor of 1vsutahene.) Nana Osei Hwidie fought again vith Nsuosohene B3rrebemo. 7:e captured him and beheaded him. He F.lso fought with Kyekewerehene 2imare, captured and beheaded him, and took his lands. Tnr Osei Hwidie fought with Bomfahene Mmonh Diawuo, defe,-ted him and captured him. He fought again with ibetenvmhene Ousu Biremprong, defe-.ted him, captured him, nnd took all his lands. Nana Osei Hwidie was succeeded by his nephev, Kofi Akr se, during the reign of Nano Osei K',wmo Panyin. Nana Kofi !Ja'aase wvs granted permission by Ascntehene, Erne Osei Kviame Panyin, to fight with Basahene Kwabena Sabere at Bc sa (irachihene). The Basahene was 'defeated Pnd sent to juaben land, carrying the truthful stone, Nnokware Buo. The cause of the war was some valuEble gold trinkets in the possession of the Basahene, which were coveted by the 4ishantis. There is a certFin Fetish, by name Denteh, now at Juaben, which was captured from Krachi as a result of this war. It is said thc.t this Fetish predicted thet the Krachi Chief could not fight with the powerful Chief Akraase. lfter the war the Fetish announced that he had seen that Juabenhene was P powerful Chief; whenever he went to war he would follow him. It is said there is a horn attached to the Stool which was captured by A!kraase. It is blown when Juabenhene is 'taking the field for war. (Sound: Okrakye Dente Awnse a Okrak1e Dente ;.wa Sie.) It is said that only Nanr Juabenhene is in possession of this horn, and no other chief in Ashanti. Nana Akraase was succeeded on the Stool by Yana Akuamoah Panyin, his brother, during the reign of Bonsu Penyin. He was destooled for being obstinate - he 'ould not take the advice of the Stool lders.

He wps succeeded by N'nE Fctu , his brother. l1cnr Fetu&, it is said, :7 s destooled -or sttlin the Stool prop-rty of i&-A kkr :se,. He sold thes,. properties P.t Duase, Detebi, Praso, c:nJ Krof r, for maritcl Li-ts, durii.: tie 1'eign of !i" n. Osei 3onsu - A in. It is s id thet Okoro A-_nokye ,as elive durin the reign of V_:cna Bonsu Penyin. Qne dy ..:hen Okof.2o , nokye w s passint, through Jueben on his ul,y to iffiduase during the reign of hana Fetua, he c.lled r meet-ing of all the Fetish Priests end Priestesses ct Juben. JIe ordered that t Priestess, by n e yamiah Teno, should bj the 1e d Priest, -'nd gave her his blessi ..... The woman iimedietr.lv; fell into " trance j:id ren up to the Jubenhene's prlace. The Priestess, it is said, predicted tW t she1 7ms goin.; to her villD;ge, but by the til. swreturned the Jurbenhene would hc:ve been destooled. She ordered thet "a tree be planted to express her prediction. The tree v cs plarted and Fetus wes no doubt destooled, Ps she had predicted. Fetup was succeeded oh the Stool Pgain by ITana Ahuamoph Prnyin, who had been destooled during the reign of this seme iane' onsu Pcnyin. He was hailed by the OmRn and was enstooled once agpin. Yana Akumo-'h P rnyin, it is said, ordered a Stool Horn to be made for himself, which should sound, Kotoko Dabi Wo bekai He - Asha.nti Pakupan (you have rejected me end celled me back ngain; you -,ill remember me). He died on the Stool. He was succeeded on the Stool by Yrona Sarpong Osei, - royal of the Stool, during the reign of'this spme KinC', Nana Osei Bonsu P:nyin. He was succeeded by Nanc Kobiri Ameyaw, a royal of the Stool, during the reign of ITana Bonsu P nyin. It is said that 1'Thnr Bonsu Panyin reigned for r very long time. He was succeeded by Nvna Twiimase Ankara, a royal of the Stool, during the reign of this s~rei chief -nn Bonsu P-nyin, Lsrntehene. He was succeeded by 'iana K,%si Boatin, a royal of the Stol, a son of i ana Juaben Serwah, tho Queen Lother of Juaben. ?ana Kwasi Boatin went to war wiith Nxn&E 3onsu Panyin at C-y5:man, where the Gyaman Chief, Adinkrr, wii s killed. - He also went to the Akantamanso war with -, an- Osei Akoto, Asantehene. It is said that during this war the jisantehene took to his heels with his army and left the Golden Stool of Ashanti on the battlefield. The Juabenhene, Nana Juaben Bog-tin, it is said, brought back the stool to Kumasi when he returned with the Kuntenasehene, S

-5- Nana Antwi. He returned the stool imneditely to the s'_stehene. )r It is s.id that ,-Ahen the As .nteh .'ne .lcd from battle ith the Kumasi people, they left other valuable trinkets behind, as well as the Golden Stool, and the Asentehene's wife, by name .kApugoaa. It is said that she i.as killed at . T Ihen Nanp. Bo, tin and F;vna -ntwi returned the Golden Stool to As.ntehehe Osei Yew Akoto at iun si, they were questioned by the Ku.iJ people and Chiefs, including the Aspntehene himself, about the whereabouts of these gold ornaments. These here vlued at about one thousand pounds and, it was said, had not bee--, returned by the Ju.-benhene. t The Juabenhene replied that these ornaments had been left rt the place where the Asantehene had taken to his heels, abandoni-.j the Golden Stool end his wife. The ;_santehene, he said, could hive. returned to the battlefield Pnd fetched the Golden Stool himself.

-6- two thousand pounds to Juabenlenn. 'The sword indicAted thr-t he wr-s r peaceful King -nd did not like w!.r, in thn.t he hnd nurturBd at Jurbenhene's p-lce r t Ju'ben during his stl-d d-J's , and .-.-s not goi53 to follow in t'!e footst-.ps c-? his predecessor. It is said th n ...niml, by nnmo ti..,:, -.',s depicted 0;:t s,..1-rd sent to the Chief of Junben, ',-hich synbolised that hiL wrs pullin, him b.!ck to his lrds. ) k-It is said also that when As..ntehone ordered Juab - ..ne to return to Kumasi, the uabe-heno stated t1--t unless the head of' Bantamahene Apreko wv s sent to hii i, he would not come back. So the Bantaahene, it is said, was killed and the head sent to Juabenhend before e would nrake the necess, ry preprations to return home,. The necessary debts were paid by the Ki6g, but whilst preparin& for the journey, Juabenhene's younger brother; Boatey Kumah. by name, a son of Nana Juaben Serwah, refused to return home to Kiumasi with his senior brother and mother. For about four days this younger brother refused to go with them.. So Yrna Boetin, Juabenhene, decided to comzit suicide, because his younger brother refused to return home with him. He said thpt Asantehene Fredua Agyeman had done him a great honour by inviting him to return to Kumnasip but his younger brother would not go. So 7ena Boatin committed suicide and was buried; t 8amang, at Akim Abuakwa. Fens Jueben Serwah stayed at Kibi and would not come back to Juaben. It i8 said that when his senior brother died, thce younger brother, Boaten Kumah, succeeded to the Stool. The Stool ond all the Stool regalia wer'e taken array by the Jumben people to Kibi. It is said that the.younger brother Plsd died on the vy, at Obo, where the Queen Mother succeeded to the. Stool herself, since there wes then no male royal., It is said that during the migration of the Jueben people to Kibi some of the royals had remined at Kumasi. When Y-.Ina Juaben Serwah ws leaving Obo for Kumasi, she urged the Juaben people ,t Obo to swear to her that when they got to Kumasi they would not let the Stool pass to those royals who had taken the side of the Kumrasi people. So at this place the Juabenhene's linquist, by name .Isare, pronounced judgement that those royals at Kiumasi would never be allowed to inherit the throne of Juaben. 7' So Nana Juaben Serwah arrived at Juaben. Nane Fredu,- Agyeman gave her a certain gold ornament, by name Kanta (regalia, bracelet, dhain or necklace), elevating her to the position of a Female Par amount .Chief. Nana Serwah spent eight years on the Stool after

-7- lerving Obo. She wos succeedej by her daughter, Afrrkuni.h Panyin, durin, the reign of ~n Lofi K.rikzi. S. a riod c certein man, by name I.safo Adjei, , son of Turben -o,-.-in Penyin, The woman reigned as o Paramount Chief. It is said th.t during the reign of Nrna Kofi Karikari, the Gyasehene Adu .iofuo of Kuzr si , s -ppointed by the King to 6o to the Togoland ('.-em) v;cr at hrepi. The King ordered the Juabenhene to go to this ;- 'r but the Juabenhone Pppointed -e.na Sarkodie, Abesinhene (Osrthene), to go in her stecd. The Ashantis were victorious. i'>na J'frakumah P~yiiu, it is s id, spent almost 12 years on the Stool. She was succeeded on the Stool by Nana Akua Sapoma. She was married to Nna Asafo Adjei, o prince of Juaben. They gave birth to Nrna Akosu Afrakuma and Nana Aku-' Boatema. Nene Akua Sapome wr-s succeeded on the Stool by Asafo Adjei, a prince and not a royal of the Stool. It is srid that at this time there wTPs no ripe royal. So it -!as thought meet end proper by the Stool Elders that since he gave birth to the two female royels, namely Akosup Afrakuma Pnd Akua Boatem-, who were then minors, he was Pn appropriate person to be Regent. He died on the Stool. It is said thpt his stool wps not smoked because he was not a royal of the Stool. At the same time he did not belong to the Oyoko Clan, but to the Fsona ClE'n. It is spid thet he was on the Stool during the reign of YIna 1: ensah Bonsu. le fought egainst ran.¥ensah Bonsu. The Juabens were defeated by the Kumpnsi people. They left once again for Kibi. !safo 2Pdjei left with P large retinue. It is spid that he was exiled by the British Government to L:.gos, where he died. He was succeeded on the Stool by Ncna Yaw Serpong, a son of Npnr Pfrakuma, during the reign of -Hana Iensah Bonsu. It is said that N!:na Lfrakuma accompanied him to . The Juaben people, then resident in Accra, refused to return to their present area of Juaben. They bought the present area of in the name of Nlana Afrakuma and Amea Serwah from Nana Amoako Atta Panyin, the Okyenhene. So the Juaben people stayed there and refused to move back to Juaben. Nana Yaw Sarpong was taken prisoner by the Kumasi people during the invasion of Juaben by Nana I,ensah Bonsu, and was enstooled Juabenhene at a later date by Nana. i ensah Bonsu. Nana Yaw Sarpong died on the Stool. He died whilst there was no Chief at Kumasi. The King was in Seychelles.

-8- He wros succeeded on the Stool by PV:na 'r t.ponsem, s son Of IT'fn 'k, o;LO:ter"., 'ho follo,.-ed her :father to A-ccr. I nr 'srre .ponsem died It I-ur