REPORT TO IISc THE COURT 2019

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE

1 - FRONT - 1

Pg 15 Pg 14 Pg 7 Pg 6 Pg

has used a graphene sheet built into a field effect effect field a into built sheet graphene a used has (Biochemistry)

mass in Chandra Basin, Himachal Pradesh, has been been has Pradesh, Himachal Basin, Chandra in mass

and innovations are going to be extremely critical. So So critical. extremely be to going are innovations and

1) One of our electronics engineering researchers researchers engineering electronics our of One 1) • A novel molecule to target and kill cancer cells cells cancer kill and target to molecule novel A •

1) Yet another study shows that 18% of the glacier glacier the of 18% that shows study another Yet 1)

this, contributions from Indian researchers, start-ups start-ups researchers, Indian from contributions this, briefly.

Electrical Sciences Electrical Cancer

Mechanical Sciences Mechanical

solutions that are developed in our country. And for for And country. our in developed are that solutions three from each division which I will talk about very very about talk will I which division each from three

unique and complex. To solve these problems, we need need we problems, these solve To complex. and unique over all of them. So I have taken a sample of two or or two of sample a taken have I So them. of all over

within those themes include: themes those within

India has lot of problems and our problems are very very are problems our and problems of lot has India

the body of scientific knowledge. I will be unable to go go to unable be will I knowledge. scientific of body the

Commun. 2017. Commun. of such themes and specific areas of research research of areas specific and themes such of

Matter. 2018. Matter.

published this past year is unique and contributes to to contributes and unique is year past this published

based multifunctional molecular siblings.” Chem Chem siblings.” molecular multifunctional based themes across our departments. Some examples examples Some departments. our across themes

droplets on leaky superhydrophobic meshes.” Soft Soft meshes.” superhydrophobic leaky on droplets back.

Each of the over 2000 papers that our faculty has has faculty our that papers 2000 over the of Each

and P Thilagar “Diarylboryl-phenothiazine “Diarylboryl-phenothiazine Thilagar P and research and identified a few clusters in research research in clusters few a identified and research

of geometrical parameters on rebound of impacting impacting of rebound on parameters geometrical of PhDs. And I am so glad to see some of them coming coming them of some see to glad so am I And PhDs. Research Highlights Research

property. REF: KK Neena, P Sudhakar, K Dipak, Dipak, K Sudhakar, P Neena, KK REF: property. Last year, we started to take a closer look at our our at look closer a take to started we year, Last

A Kumar, A Tripathy, Y Nam, C Lee and P Sen. “Effect “Effect Sen. P and Lee C Nam, Y Tripathy, A Kumar, A institutions for their postgraduate education and and education postgraduate their for institutions

Clustering of Research Themes Research of Clustering synthesize crystalline materials that have this this have that materials crystalline synthesize

strongly hydrophyllic or hydrophobic surfaces. REF: REF: surfaces. hydrophobic or hydrophyllic strongly our undergraduate students, land up in the best best the in up land students, undergraduate our

GLIMPSES

The study demonstrates a new technique to to technique new a demonstrates study The

structures. This can be used for development of of development for used be can This structures. But it is heartening that students, especially especially students, that heartening is it But

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT: AND RESEARCH emission of light when crystal bonds are broken. broken. are bonds crystal when light of emission of droplet impact on surfaces with nano- scale scale nano- with surfaces on impact droplet of

2) Triboluminescence is the phenomenon of the the of phenomenon the is Triboluminescence 2)

Amorphous Systems” Phys. Rev. Lett. 2017. Lett. Rev. Phys. Systems” Amorphous 2) Another study helps us understand the dynamics dynamics the understand us helps study Another 2) because these are issues that you are all familiar with. familiar all are you that issues are these because

A Agarwala, VB Shenoy. “Topological Insulators in in Insulators “Topological Shenoy. VB Agarwala, A about Indian institutes. I don’t want to say more more say to want don’t I institutes. Indian about

Chem. 2018. Chem.

be realized in glassy (amorphous) materials. REF: REF: materials. (amorphous) glassy in realized be template Psychiatry research.” Neuroimaging. 2017. Neuroimaging. research.” Psychiatry template These are issues that come up every time we talk talk we time every up come that issues are These

phosphates in alkaline solution.” Chem Electro Electro Chem solution.” alkaline in phosphates

materials which conduct only on the surface, can can surface, the on only conduct which materials morphology: Need for population specific Brain Brain specific population for Need morphology: 70 prestigious awards. prestigious 70 businesses and industry? Why is funding a problem? problem? a funding is Why industry? and businesses

electrocatalytic behavior of sodium cobalt cobalt sodium of behavior electrocatalytic

2) The study shows that topological insulators, insulators, topological that shows study The 2) and PK Yalavarthy. “Population differences in Brain Brain in differences “Population Yalavarthy. PK and year alone, our faculty members have received over over received have members faculty our alone, year Stanford. Why is it that they do not partner with with partner not do they that it is Why Stanford.

Senthilkumar, and P Barpanda. “Bifunctional “Bifunctional Barpanda. P and Senthilkumar,

RD Bharath, S Varambally, G Venkatasubramanian, Venkatasubramanian, G Varambally, S Bharath, RD received three Infosys Prizes so far. During the last last the During far. so Prizes Infosys three received particularly IISc and the IITs, can’t be an MIT or a a or MIT an be can’t IITs, the and IISc particularly

rhodium catalysts. REF: R Gond, K Sada, B B Sada, K Gond, R REF: catalysts. rhodium

Communications. 2017. Communications. N Rao, H Jeelani, R Achalia, G Achalia, A Jacob, Jacob, A Achalia, G Achalia, R Jeelani, H Rao, N Fellowships, JC Bose Fellowships etc. We have also also have We etc. Fellowships Bose JC Fellowships, So everyone is quite surprised as to why our institutes, institutes, our why to as surprised quite is everyone So

to replace the more expensive platinum and and platinum expensive more the replace to

Colloidal Membranes on Crystallization.” Nature Nature Crystallization.” on Membranes Colloidal (in collaboration with NIMHANS, Bangalore). REF: REF: Bangalore). NIMHANS, with collaboration (in Scientist and Engineer awards, Swarnajayanti Swarnajayanti awards, Engineer and Scientist

metallic and oxide compounds as electrocatalysts electrocatalysts as compounds oxide and metallic

Sain and P Sharma. “Curvature Instability of Chiral Chiral of Instability “Curvature Sharma. P and Sain are being used in the diagnosis of brain disorders disorders brain of diagnosis the in used being are decorated with the SS Bhatnagar awards, Young Young awards, Bhatnagar SS the with decorated Oxford or Stanford. or Oxford

1) The study explores the potential of affordable affordable of potential the explores study The 1)

Saikia, T Sarkar, M Thomas, VA Raghunathan, A A Raghunathan, VA Thomas, M Sarkar, T Saikia, assessments are being developed in IISc. These These IISc. in developed being are assessments For the past few years, our faculty have been well- been have faculty our years, few past the For institutions, we think of Yale, Princeton, Harvard, Harvard, Princeton, Yale, of think we institutions,

Chemical Sciences Chemical

in wrinkling and buckling instabilities. REF: L L REF: instabilities. buckling and wrinkling in 1) The first Indian brain templates for morphometric morphometric for templates brain Indian first The 1) is another indicator of the quality of our research. research. our of quality the of indicator another is the Institute is today. But when we think of global global of think we when But today. is Institute the

(membranes) of chiral rod shaped particles results results particles shaped rod chiral of (membranes) Interdisciplinary Research Interdisciplinary The many accolades our faculty members receive receive members faculty our accolades many The top of everyone’s mind. We are in awe of where where of awe in are We mind. everyone’s of top

crystallization of two-dimensional colloidal sheets sheets colloidal two-dimensional of crystallization kinase families.” PLoS Comp. Biol. 2018. Biol. Comp. PLoS families.” kinase When we talk about Indian institutes, IISc is at the the at is IISc institutes, Indian about talk we When

1) The study demonstrates for the first time that that time first the for demonstrates study The 1) specialization in all known eukaryotic protein protein eukaryotic known all in specialization country in research performance. research in country

Sciences

N Srinivasan. “Recognition of sites of functional functional of sites of “Recognition Srinivasan. N

published by our faculty, making us the No. 1 in the the in 1 No. the us making faculty, our by published keep IISc from going the next level. next the going from IISc keep Theory and Techniques. 2017. Techniques. and Theory

functional sites. REF: R Kalaivani, R Reema and and Reema R Kalaivani, R REF: sites. functional Physical and Mathematical Mathematical and Physical

years, more than 12,000 research papers have been been have papers research 12,000 than more years, other world class institutions, and the factors that that factors the and institutions, class world other Design Variants”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Microwave on Transactions IEEE Variants”, Design

of protein kinases from knowledge of known known of knowledge from kinases protein of

and conference proceedings (691). In the last five five last the In (691). proceedings conference and presentation also showed how IISc compares with with compares IISc how showed also presentation to expedite 3D Full- Wave MoM Solution for for Solution MoM Wave Full- 3D expedite to

the interaction sites on the surface of a class class a of surface the on sites interaction the

papers in leading peer- reviewed journals (1,771) (1,771) journals reviewed peer- leading in papers and many of the important papers published. His His published. papers important the of many and Gope. “Mesh Interpolated Krylov Recycling Method Method Recycling Krylov Interpolated “Mesh Gope.

use of a novel statistical technique to predict predict to technique statistical novel a of use

previous year, our faculty published 2,462 research research 2,462 published faculty our year, previous in the Institute: research, key decisions, projects projects decisions, key research, Institute: the in mechanics,” Acta Mat. 2017. Mat. Acta mechanics,” students. REF: G Chatterjee, A Das, SV Reddy and D D and Reddy SV Das, A Chatterjee, G REF: students.

aspects of cell functioning. The study makes makes study The functioning. cell of aspects

– both in terms of the quality and quantity. In the the In quantity. and quality the of terms in both – managed to communicate everything that goes on on goes that everything communicate to managed in metal polycrystals: Microstructural origins and and origins Microstructural polycrystals: metal in start-up, Simyog, started by Prof. Gope and his his and Gope Prof. by started Simyog, start-up,

3) Protein-protein interactions are crucial to all all to crucial are interactions Protein-protein 3)

In science, the currency of the latter is publications publications is latter the of currency the science, In presentation in which he packed so many slides and and slides many so packed he which in presentation Y Guo, K Viswanathan, S Chandrasekhar. “Folding “Folding Chandrasekhar. S Viswanathan, K Guo, Y researchers is the core technology behind a behind technology core the is researchers

students we graduate and the knowledge we generate. generate. we knowledge the and graduate we students I want to thank Prof. Anurag Kumar for his outstanding outstanding his for Kumar Anurag Prof. thank to want I ahead. Thank you! Thank ahead. design better tools. REF: NK Sundaram, A Mahato, Mahato, A Sundaram, NK REF: tools. better design environment. The techniques developed by these these by developed techniques The environment.

Trans-Himalaya.” Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 2017. Environ. Ecosys. Agric. Trans-Himalaya.”

The two most important outputs we produce are the the are produce we outputs important most two The congratulate all of you and wish you a great year year great a you wish and you of all congratulate help us to better understand defect formation and and formation defect understand better to us help helping us better understand the electromagnetic electromagnetic the understand better us helping

sequestration in the grazing ecosystem of the the of ecosystem grazing the in sequestration Publications

Council and be amidst the distinguished people of IISc. of people distinguished the amidst be and Council way I can and work with Director and others. I I others. and Director with work and can I way a metal when being machined by a tool. This will will This tool. a by machined being when metal a with faster ways to compute these interactions, thus thus interactions, these compute to ways faster with

suppress soil microbes to influence carbon carbon influence to microbes soil suppress

a rare privilege to work with eminent people on the the on people eminent with work to privilege rare a President of the Court. I will help in whatever whatever in help will I Court. the of President 3) The study models the deformation process of of process deformation the models study The 3) interact with each other. The study has come up up come has study The other. each with interact

S Roy, A Maitra, and RS Sran. “Herbivores “Herbivores Sran. RS and Maitra, A Roy, S

and the Court for giving me this great honour. It is is It honour. great this me giving for Court the and it is a great honour to have been chosen as the the as chosen been have to honour great a is it come packed with many electronic components which which components electronic many with packed come more self-reliant. more

for the well-being of our planet. REF: S Bagchi, Bagchi, S REF: planet. our of well-being the for

First of all, let me express my gratitude to the Council Council the to gratitude my express me let all, of First On my part, I want to just say once again that that again once say just to want I part, my On 3) Complex systems like automobiles these days days these automobiles like systems Complex 3) Fluids. 2018. Fluids. increase this component of our funding and become become and funding our of component this increase

stored in the soil. This has important implications implications important has This soil. the in stored

a Model Gas Turbine Combustor,” Experiments in in Experiments Combustor,” Turbine Gas Model a We are experiencing pressure from the government to to government the from pressure experiencing are We

composition and thereby the amount of carbon carbon of amount the thereby and composition

members of the Court, and members of the faculty: the of members and Court, the of members next decade or two to take our country forward. country our take to two or decade next Experimental Study of Interacting Swirl Flows in in Flows Swirl Interacting of Study Experimental on Plasma Science. 2017. Science. Plasma on initiatives. Responsibility) Social (Corporate CSR or

widespread human activity – alters soil microbe microbe soil alters – activity human widespread

Dear Dr. Kasturirangan, Director Anurag Kumar, Kumar, Anurag Director Kasturirangan, Dr. Dear IISc has a very important role to play during the the during play to role important very a has IISc RB Vishwanath, PM Tilak and S Chaudhuri. “An “An Chaudhuri. S and Tilak PM Vishwanath, RB Based Pulse Power Crowbar Switch. IEEE Transactions Transactions IEEE Switch. Crowbar Power Pulse Based philanthropy, private amount), small very a is (which

2) Another study has shown how grazing – a a – grazing how shown has study Another 2)

low emission and efficient combustors. REF: REF: combustors. efficient and emission low John. “Performance Comparison of ETT- and LTT- and ETT- of Comparison “Performance John. tuition consultancy, agencies, governmental from

environment. This will be useful for designing designing for useful be will This environment. Research, Ahmedabad. REF: TG Subhash Joshi, V V Joshi, Subhash TG REF: Ahmedabad. Research, grants sponsored through either – efforts raising

SHRI. N. CHANDRASEKARAN N. SHRI. tuberculosis.” eLife. 2017. eLife. tuberculosis.”

the flame structure inside an actual gas turbine turbine gas actual an inside structure flame the IISc and is currently being used at Institute for Plasma Plasma for Institute at used being currently is and IISc fund our from came remaining The government.

Changes in Redox Physiology of Mycobacterium Mycobacterium of Physiology Redox in Changes

developed to capture the flow of the fuel and and fuel the of flow the capture to developed for microwave tube protection has been developed at at developed been has protection tube microwave for the from funding direct of form the in came year

Inhibitor Combination is Linked to WhiB4 Mediated Mediated WhiB4 to Linked is Combination Inhibitor

2) A novel imaging technique has been been has technique imaging novel A 2) 2) India’s first 10MW (10KV, 1KA) solid-state crowbar crowbar solid-state 1KA) (10KV, 10MW first India’s 2) last funding our of 55% about that noted be may It

PRESIDENT PRESIDENT PRESIDENT β- β- lactamase lactamase lactam\ of “Efficacy Singh. A and

Jha, A Mohan, RS Rajmani, V Nagaraja, N Chandra, Chandra, N Nagaraja, V Rajmani, RS Mohan, A Jha,

Annals of Glaciology. 2017. Glaciology. of Annals IEEE International Electron Device Meeting. 2016. Meeting. Device Electron International IEEE situation. the remedy to begin will

Mishra, P Shukla, A Bhaskar, Anand K, P Baloni, KR KR Baloni, P K, Anand Bhaskar, A Shukla, P Mishra,

western Himalaya. for the period 1984-2012”. 1984-2012”. period the for Himalaya. western Resistance Using Atomic Orbital Overlap Engineering.” Engineering.” Overlap Orbital Atomic Using Resistance we management, SID the into professionals industry

THE NEWLY APPOINTED APPOINTED APPOINTED NEWLY NEWLY THE THE

bacteria and how it can be inhibited. REF: S S REF: inhibited. be can it how and bacteria

of glacier mass balance for the Chandra basin, basin, Chandra the for balance mass glacier of “Record Low Metal – (CVD) Graphene Contact Contact Graphene (CVD) – Metal Low “Record of induction the with year, This years. several over flat

causes of antibiotic resistance in TB-causing TB-causing in resistance antibiotic of causes

Tawde, AV Kulkarni, G Bala (2017). “An estimate estimate “An (2017). Bala G Kulkarni, AV Tawde, A Mishra, S Raghavan, N Bhat and M Shrivastava, Shrivastava, M and Bhat N Raghavan, S Mishra, A quite been have industry the from and consultancy

growing problem. The study investigates the the investigates study The problem. growing

water scarcity in villages in the valley. REF: S S REF: valley. the in villages in scarcity water performance. REF: A Meersha, HB Variar, K Bharadwaj, Bharadwaj, K Variar, HB Meersha, A REF: performance. through raised funds the However, 2016-17. in crores 2. REMARKS BY BY BY REMARKS REMARKS 2. 2.

1) Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a a is (TB) tuberculosis Antibiotic-resistant 1)

at low altitudes, indicating the possibility of of possibility the indicating altitudes, low at has beaten its counterpart from IBM in terms of its its of terms in IBM from counterpart its beaten has 270 Rs. almost to crores 44.29 Rs. raised we when 05

Biological Sciences Biological

lost during 1982-2012, with 70% loss occurring occurring loss 70% with 1982-2012, during lost transistor to improve its efficacy. This transistor transistor This efficacy. its improve to transistor 2004- since 15% about by annually increased has This

c ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 REPORT ANNUAL c IIS

IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

were raised. Aerospace Engineering were fairly similar. The Tata Trusts for an imaging facility for the brain; and Mr. and some as grants for buildings (for example, a committee also said the faculty strength in some Kris and Mrs. Sudha Gopalakrishnan have given Rs 225 girls’ hostel is coming up on campus). Fundraising REVIEW OF ELECTRICAL groups was depleting. It also asked to consider crores over ten years, plus the building, for setting up is a very important activity now because the 4.RESEARCH building a relationship with ISRO on the lines a centre for brain research. government is requiring us more and more to SCIENCES DIVISION: of the relationship between Caltech and JPL. begin to raise our own resources, particularly for RECOMMENDATIONS AND A committee has been set up to look into this. Research Pacts with Technology capital expenditure. ACTIONS The Department has also started bringing in Giants CONTENTS SNAPSHOTS distinguished speakers from industry to increase Electrical Sciences normally is just one unit in most In the last couple of years, we have had several new Office of International Relations universities. In IISc, however, this faculty has been connect between the Department and industry. MoUs with Bosch India. Bosch India today is not only We have an Office of International Relations (OIR), split into four departments. The committee advised us supporting the Robert Bosch Centre, they are also which invites people from around the world, and to bring about greater cohesion between these four The review committee was very appreciative of supporting specific projects, including the Simyog arranges visits of foreign delegations. We go 1. Report of The Director to The Court of the institute departments. We have now renamed our division as the the long history of wind tunnels in our Institute. startup. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has signed an outside India a couple of times each year – these Division of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science They felt that some of the wind tunnels we have MoU with us to set up an innovation lab embedded in trips are also organised by OIR. We have several 2. Remarks by the newly appointed President Shri N. Chandrasekaran (EECS), which is the more common name across will have to be discarded, and the functioning of IISc. The GE Technology Centre in Bangalore has also MoUs with foreign industry and with academia the world. This we hope will bring people under one others should be improved. signed an MoU with us. and we have several fellowships set up by foreign umbrella. We are also forming thematic clusters across agencies in our Institute. About 78 international 3. Report from The Deans our division. The committee also recommended modernisation Challakere: Teaching the Teachers students came last year to either study here or to of the MTech curriculum and the need to attract As part of this outreach programme that we are visit IISc. 4. Research Snapshots better PhD students. We are looking closely at The committee also urged us to achieve active connect doing in our Challakere campus, high school teachers, with the ecosystem. They said that the faculty members both these recommendations. and now also college teachers, are being trained to 2017: THE YEAR OF REVIEWS 5. Awards and Distinctions conferred on members of the Faculty are working too much on problems which interest only become better teachers. Since it was established, Prof. I’m going to spend a few minutes on one common The year 2017 was a year of reviews. Let me tell them. They wanted researchers to reflect on whether MS Hegde has led a group of people who have trained theme in both the reviews – impact. Both the you what I mean by that. the problems that they have chosen are also important almost 11,000 school and college teachers. The college 6. Distinctions conferred on departments/centres committees felt that somehow our research was for the world and how much impact they make. The teachers’ programme is supported by the Ministry not having enough impact. So let us look at what it In January, the University Grants Commission committee felt that the Division must continue to of Human Resource Development under the Pandit means to aim for impact. (UGC) told us that we need to get a 12B certificate 7. Publications contribute in the way that they have been doing, but to Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers in order to continue receiving funding from them. also think about participating in national programmes. and Teaching. So we went through a UGC certification review. We We have begun to do in fields like artificial intelligence, have been certified, and the money again started 8. Patents cyber security, AIMING FOR IMPACT: coming.

DISCOVERY RESEARCH AND 9. Some notable Institute activities 5G programme of the Department of FUNDRAISING, ALUMNI In May last year, UGC reviewed us again. It was a Telecommunications, and the neuromorphic computing INNOVATION In the aftermath of WW II, a very important report CONNECT, AND INTERNATIONAL full-fledged institutional review to continue our programme funded by Kris Gopalakrishnan. deemed university status. was given by Vannevar Bush to the American OUTREACH Another recommendation from the committee was to Congress about how to fund research. The report was called “Science: The Endless Frontier”. And in Last year, we also took a decision, with the proactively recruit new faculty members rather than Publicity support and encouragement of the Council, to simply waiting for them to apply. So the Division is that report, Bush clearly separated basic research We publicize our work by publishing a quarterly begin a system of academic reviews. We have now going to start doing that: go to events overseas, from applied research. Basic research, he argued, magazine called Connect, and an annual magazine planned that, over a five-year period, we will advertise and also explore funding which will attract was more important to fund because its outcome called Kernel. Kernel is a smaller, more readable review all the departments in some sequence. The top talent. We would like to do something like that for feeds into applied research. So essentially there version of the Annual Report, which is usually heavy first volunteer for this review was the Electrical promising students too. was this dichotomy created between basic and applied research. and dense. This is sent to people around the country Sciences Division. All faculty members and and also to many foreign universities. IIScPress departments in this Division were reviewed. The Reorganising the MTech programme was another publishes books by authors from IISc and other Department of Aerospace Engineering, in its 75th recommendation. We have set up a committee to see if Now imagine a researcher who wants to do good universities. Right now, our co-publisher is Cambridge year, also chose to have an in-depth review. So we can coalesce the many MTech programmes we have. basic research, and also wants to have impact. If he works at the basic research end of University Press. We have a new series of booklets last year, the work of 110 faculty members in the brought out by the Archives and Publications Cell, Institute was reviewed – that’s about one- fourth The committee also recommended that we proactively the spectrum, he is having no impact. And vice which is a series based on the history of IISc. of our faculty. We hope to be able to have the engage with industry. So we are going to start versa. If he works somewhere in between, the reviewers would tell him that he is diluting your entire review cycle done in the next four more an industry affiliates programme, where industry years, and then we’ll repeat that cycle. can come, contribute some money each year and basic research. So what does this person do? Office of Alumni and Development Affairs participate in the research. We also had to undergo NAAC accreditation. Many In the late 1990s, Prof. Donald Stokes a social About three years back, we began a new office of the government programmes are linked to our scientist from Yale University simply bent the of development. The word “development” is the NAAC score, which is tied to some benefits. We straight line that extends from basic to applied American term for financial development, not civil have already filed our NAAC self-study report. We research. This provided a new perspective on how construction. The Office of Development and Alumni REVIEW OF AEROSPACE are waiting for NAAC to send an on-site review to view the relationship between basic and applied Affairs (ODAA) now raises money for us. Over the last committee. ENGINEERING: research. You could now have a person doing good three years, they have been able to raise Rs 186 crores applied research and also good basic research. from various sources – from donors and through CSR. RECOMMENDATIONS AND I want to give you a glimpse of what the review Essentially all it involves is bending the basic Some of the money is coming as endowments, chairs, ACTIONS research–applied research axis. committees said in the two academic reviews The recommendations for the Department of which took place, in the EECS Division and the

Aerospace Department, and in what way these

Pg 18 Pg 11 Pg 10 departments are going to address the issues that Pg 3

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1 - BACK - 1

Pg 5 Pg 8 Pg 13 Pg 16 Pg

Research (ICWaR) is working on a project worth £ 2 2 £ worth project a on working is (ICWaR) Research

months. as scientist in BARC. in scientist as

• A patient transfer apparatus for shifting them them shifting for apparatus transfer patient A •

not come here. The investments that the country is is country the that investments The here. come not

Development Organization (DRDO), and so on. on. so and (DRDO), Organization Development

A group at the Inderdisiplinary Centre for Water Water for Centre Inderdisiplinary the at group A

to hire more support staff in the coming weeks and and weeks coming the in staff support more hire to Madras and others. One student took up a position position a up took student One others. and Madras

filtration device filtration

campuses like this, there is no reason that people will will people that reason no is there this, like campuses of Biotechnology (DBT), Defence Research and and Research Defence (DBT), Biotechnology of

Water Management Water

Recruitment Rules in the June Council, we will begin begin will we Council, June the in Rules Recruitment IIA-Bangalore, IIM-Ahmedabad, IIM- Shillong IIT- Shillong IIM- IIM-Ahmedabad, IIA-Bangalore,

• An electric gradient augmented portable water water portable augmented gradient electric An •

culturally alive, fun-to-be community. If we create create we If community. fun-to-be alive, culturally of Science and Technology (DST), Department Department (DST), Technology and Science of

I have said earlier, the ratification of our Cadre and and Cadre our of ratification the earlier, said have I Institute – Halle University, RWTH Aachen, ICTS, ICTS, Aachen, RWTH University, Halle – Institute

include:

contained, safe and secure, intellectually stimulating, stimulating, intellectually secure, and safe contained, from government agencies such as Department Department as such agencies government from

breathing cruise missiles. cruise breathing

like the ratio of support staff to faculty to be 1:1. As As 1:1. be to faculty to staff support of ratio the like University, Wurzburg University, Max-Planck Max-Planck University, Wurzburg University,

Some recent examples of patents from IISc IISc from patents of examples recent Some

beautiful, well-built, well- maintained, hygienic, self- hygienic, maintained, well- well-built, beautiful, we receive for Sponsored Projects again comes comes again Projects Sponsored for receive we

development and flight testing of hypersonic air- hypersonic of testing flight and development

The same is placed for consideration of the Court the of consideration for placed is same The Today, we have 437 support staff. We would ideally ideally would We staff. support 437 have we Today, University of California-San Diego, Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Diego, California-San of University

faculty from around the world. The campus itself is a a is itself campus The world. the around from faculty themselves. A substantial part of money that that money of part substantial A themselves.

(at a total cost of Rs. 19.26 crores) to aid in design, design, in aid to crores) 19.26 Rs. of cost total a (at

are now 134 such candidates at the Institute. the at candidates such 134 now are increasing, our support staff has been shrinking. shrinking. been has staff support our increasing, University of Toronto, University of Colorado, Colorado, of University Toronto, of University

year. In all, 511 patents have been filed so far. so filed been have patents 511 all, In year.

continue to attract the best students and the best best the and students best the attract to continue Our faculty also work hard to raise money money raise to hard work also faculty Our

Aerospace Engineering work on a series of projects projects of series a on work Engineering Aerospace

the External Registration Programme (ERP) and there there and (ERP) Programme Registration External the As the strength of our academic staff has been been has staff academic our of strength the As Austin, EPFL, Carnegie Mellon University, University, Mellon Carnegie EPFL, Austin,

mid-1990s. We are now filing 30-40 patents each each patents 30-40 filing now are We mid-1990s.

are out in the middle of nowhere. Yet these campuses campuses these Yet nowhere. of middle the in out are can be counted among the best in the world. the in best the among counted be can expenses, amounted to Rs. 294 crores. 294 Rs. to amounted expenses,

Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical

During the year 2018-19, 21 candidates joined under under joined candidates 21 2018-19, year the During University of Texas-Dallas, University of Texas- of University Texas-Dallas, of University

and Technology Licensing office was set up in the the in up set was office Licensing Technology and

with nothing really to do outside the campus – they they – campus the outside do to really nothing with the general perception. That is the only way we we way only the is That perception. general the

towards salaries, infrastructure and recurring recurring and infrastructure salaries, towards

In collaboration with BrahMos Aerospace, faculty from from faculty Aerospace, BrahMos with collaboration In

Registration Programme Registration few years. few in which these students secured admission: admission: secured students these which in

years ago, even though the Intellectual Property Property Intellectual the though even ago, years

Many US campuses are in uninteresting locations locations uninteresting in are campuses US Many us, our reputation is not that strong if you look at at look you if strong that not is reputation our us,

Rs. 137 crores and the Non-Plan Grant, which went went which Grant, Non-Plan the and crores 137 Rs.

Towards Hypersonic Vehicles Hypersonic Towards

has been increasing by around 10 per year in the past past the in year per 10 around by increasing been has and other programs. Universities/institutes Universities/institutes programs. other and

Admissions And On Roll External External Roll On And Admissions Patenting activity in IISc took off only about 15 15 about only off took IISc in activity Patenting

see these kinds of warnings on US campus websites. websites. campus US on warnings of kinds these see our reputation is strong among those who know know who those among strong is reputation our startup grants, equipment and new buildings, was was buildings, new and equipment grants, startup

retire each year. So on average, our faculty strength strength faculty our average, on So year. each retire students graduated secured admission to Ph.D. Ph.D. to admission secured graduated students

Patenting

make a wrong turn outside the campus” – you often often you – campus” the outside turn wrong a make improve our international reputation. Even though though Even reputation. international our improve

which went towards scholarships, library expenses, expenses, library scholarships, towards went which

importance. Current examples include: examples Current importance.

20 new faculty members each year, while about 10 10 about while year, each members faculty new 20 More than 52 Master’s Master’s 52 than More batch): (3rd 2013 Batch

“Don’t walk around after dark”, “Be careful not to to not careful “Be dark”, after around walk “Don’t We must understand how to increase impact, and and impact, increase to how understand must We were awarded during the calendar year 2018. year calendar the during awarded were

onwards. During this past year, the Plan Grant, Grant, Plan the year, past this During onwards.

work together on focussed problems of national national of problems focussed on together work

Since then, we have been consistently inducting about about inducting consistently been have we then, Since

campuses. Many US campuses are in dangerous areas. areas. dangerous in are campuses US Many campuses. in an advanced stage of planning. of stage advanced an in Bachelor Science (Research) / 65- Master of Science] Science] of Master 65- / (Research) Science Bachelor

Plan Grant. This too saw a spurt from 2008-09 2008-09 from spurt a saw too This Grant. Plan

projects in which faculty from different departments departments different from faculty which in projects

spurt in faculty hiring actually began in 2008-09. 2008-09. in began actually hiring faculty in spurt up job placements. job up

To be able to do what I have said, we need world-class world-class need we said, have I what do to able be To has given the Institute a grant of Rs. 75 crores, is is crores, 75 Rs. of grant a Institute the given has help us better engage with industry. with engage better us help Integrated PhD, 243 MTech, 25 MDes, 16 MMgt, 103 103 MMgt, 16 MDes, 25 MTech, 243 PhD, Integrated

(MHRD) funds us in two ways: Plan Grant and Non- and Grant Plan ways: two in us funds (MHRD)

At IISc we have always had several instances of large large of instances several had always have we IISc At

rules for hiring some additional technical staff. The The staff. technical additional some hiring for rules University, and others. A couple of students took took students of couple A others. and University,

CAMPUSES

park called the Innovation Hub, for which MHRD MHRD which for Hub, Innovation the called park recently recruited three industry professionals to to professionals industry three recruited recently A total of 959 degrees [414 PhD, 60 M.Sc. (Engg.), 33 33 (Engg.), M.Sc. 60 PhD, [414 degrees 959 of total A

The Ministry of Human Resources Development Development Resources Human of Ministry The

Importance

Meeting, we will be finalising the cadre recruitment recruitment cadre the finalising be will we Meeting, Université Grenoble Alpes, Australia National National Australia Alpes, Grenoble Université

Conferments Conferments have been set up within the Institute. A research research A Institute. the within up set been have

increase our industry collaboration. We have have We collaboration. industry our increase Expenditure

INDIA NEEDS WORLD-CLASS WORLD-CLASS NEEDS INDIA

technical staff has come down. In the next Council Council next the In down. come has staff technical University, IIT Bombay, Imperial College of London, London, of College Imperial Bombay, IIT University,

Large Projects of National National of Projects Large

industry and IISc, 8-10 corporate research centres centres research corporate 8-10 IISc, and industry of research is increasing. We are aiming to to aiming are We increasing. is research of

During this period, the number of scientific and and scientific of number the period, this During Pennsylvania university of michigan, Cambridge Cambridge michigan, of university Pennsylvania

start-ups. As a result of the interaction between between interaction the of result a As start-ups. the climate research programme. Private support support Private programme. research climate the

this target either this year or the next. the or year this either target this • 1120 female and 2998 male students students male 2998 and female 1120 •

money to host people in the best possible way. possible best the in people host to money Mathematical Sciences, and Interdisciplinary Research. Research. Interdisciplinary and Sciences, Mathematical (Berkeley), JAIST, Utrecht University, University of of University University, Utrecht JAIST, (Berkeley),

international companies. It is also been incubating incubating been also is It companies. international together. earlier, such as the water research programme, programme, research water the as such earlier,

faculty member per year. We expect to achieve achieve to expect We year. per member faculty (ERP)

money to send people abroad. We don’t have enough enough have don’t We abroad. people send to money Electrical Sciences, Mechanical Sciences, Physical & & Physical Sciences, Mechanical Sciences, Electrical University of Chicago, University of California California of University Chicago, of University

550 R&D projects with more than 200 Indian and and Indian 200 than more with projects R&D 550 research initiatives where our faculty members work work members faculty our where initiatives research international programmes – I mentioned those those mentioned I – programmes international

when I took over: to graduate one student per per student one graduate to over: took I when Program Registration External under students 133 •

And that’s partly because we do not have enough enough have not do we because partly that’s And divisions: Biological Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Biological divisions: University of Connecticut, Maryland University, University, Maryland Connecticut, of University

industry. It has since enabled the initiation of over over of initiation the enabled since has It industry. greater impact. We are also looking at collaborative collaborative at looking also are We impact. greater are contributing to many large national and and national large many to contributing are

heading towards the target we set for ourselves ourselves for set we target the towards heading Undergraduate Program) Undergraduate

which often we do not have enough of in this Institute. Institute. this in of enough have not do we often which The departments and centres are divided into six six into divided are centres and departments The secured admission include Harvard University, University, Harvard include admission secured

opportunities for researchers to interact with with interact to researchers for opportunities disciplines, will complement each other to create create to other each complement will disciplines, knowledge into practice. Our faculty members members faculty Our practice. into knowledge

the number of faculty is currently 0.75:1. We are are We 0.75:1. currently is faculty of number the PhD, 138 for Master’s programmes and 112 for 112 and programmes Master’s for 138 PhD,

international visibility, and international collaboration, collaboration, international and visibility, international in 42 academic departments and research centres. centres. research and departments academic 42 in the universities / institutions in which the students students the which in institutions / universities the

Development (SID) in 1991 with the aim of creating creating of aim the with 1991 in (SID) Development on a particular theme, even if they are from different different from are they if even theme, particular a on have actually been able to convert some of our our of some convert to able been actually have

number of PhD students graduating per year to to year per graduating students PhD of number • 560 students belong SC/ST (267 for PhD, 43 for Int. for 43 PhD, for (267 SC/ST belong students 560 •

read “internationalisation” not as passports but but passports as not “internationalisation” read academic and scientific staff is over 500) working working 500) over is staff scientific and academic admission to Ph.D. and other programs. Some of of Some programs. other and Ph.D. to admission

IISc started the Society for Innovation and and Innovation for Society the started IISc In the future, we hope that our researchers, who work work who researchers, our that hope we future, the In are looking up. People are working hard, and we we and hard, working are People up. looking are

754 degrees were awarded). The ratio of the the of ratio The awarded). were degrees 754 programmes and 501 in Undergraduate program). Undergraduate in 501 and programmes

metrics, and not bother about passports. We should should We passports. about bother not and metrics, 327 in 2004-05 to 425 (the total strength of the the of strength total (the 425 to 2004-05 in 327 of 46 graduating Bachelor’s students secured secured students Bachelor’s graduating 46 of

Innovation last two years, which is an indication that things things that indication an is which years, two last

students graduated from the Institute (in all all (in Institute the from graduated students in PhD, 343 in Integrated PhD, 889 in Master’s Master’s in 889 PhD, Integrated in 343 PhD, in

hard academics, on research, on impact, on innovation innovation on impact, on research, on academics, hard The strength of our academic staff has grown from from grown has staff academic our of strength The to continue for the Master’s program. A total total A program. Master’s the for continue to

delivery (Centre for Nano Science and Engineering) and Science Nano for (Centre delivery upswing – 16 new startups have taken shape in the the in shape taken have startups new 16 – upswing

This past year, for the first time, over 300 PhD PhD 300 over time, first the for year, past This The total number of students on roll is 4118 (2385 (2385 4118 is roll on students of number total The

Human Resources Human Let us then focus on strengthening something else: on on else: something strengthening on focus then us Let

44 students opted opted students 44 batch): (4th 2014 Batch

• Nano-swimmers driven by magnetic field for drug drug for field magnetic by driven Nano-swimmers • Innovation and entrepreneurship is on the the on is entrepreneurship and Innovation ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Students On Roll Roll On Students

Students

(Robert Bosch Centre for Cyber- Physical Systems) Physical Cyber- for Centre Bosch (Robert generation is happening in the Institute. Institute. the in happening is generation

programme.

INNOVATION, PATENTING, AND AND PATENTING, INNOVATION,

IISc IN NUMBERS IN IISc intellectual richness of a top institute like ours. like institute top a of richness intellectual

Career Paths Of Outgoing Outgoing Of Paths Career

• Real-time monitoring of new-born babies using IoT IoT using babies new-born of monitoring Real-time • This is paying off. A wide variety of new knowledge knowledge new of variety wide A off. paying is This

of the four-year Bachelor of Science (Research) (Research) Science of Bachelor four-year the of

• 235 female and 760 male students students male 760 and female 235 • diversity, which is certainly highly desirable for the the for desirable highly certainly is which diversity,

(Materials Research Centre) Research (Materials

Masters programmes, and 512 students are part part are students 512 and programmes, Masters

• 20 students under External Registration Program Program Registration External under students 20 •

international researchers to bring about cultural cultural about bring to researchers international

• Biomaterials for orthopedic and dental applications applications dental and orthopedic for Biomaterials • Young Investigator Fellowships. Investigator Young

Science program. Science

STATUS REPORT STATUS

engineering), 935 are enrolled in the various various the in enrolled are 935 engineering),

And 18 for Undergraduate programmes) Undergraduate for 18 And in the country to work with us? We may induct a few few a induct may We us? with work to country the in

veins (Electronic Systems Engineering) Systems (Electronic veins attractive startup grants, and some of them get get them of some and grants, startup attractive continue for a fifth year to pursue a Master of of Master a pursue to year fifth a for continue

(of these, 1,204 are in the sciences and 1,477 in in 1,477 and sciences the in are 1,204 these, (of

Integrated PhD, 58 for Master’s programs programs Master’s for 58 PhD, Integrated

when we have a whole pool of top-notch researchers researchers top-notch of pool whole a have we when

Indian monsoons. Indian

• Smart catheters for blocking abnormal signals in in signals abnormal blocking for catheters Smart • – we have brought in tenure, and we give them them give we and tenure, in brought have we – 50% of the students in each batch opted to to opted batch each in students the of 50%

– comprises PhD and Integrated PhD students students PhD Integrated and PhD comprises –

for 8 PhD, for (42 SC/ST to belong students 126 •

Indians to study there. Why should we emulate them them emulate we should Why there. study to Indians

and other physical phenomena which affect the the affect which phenomena physical other and

elderly (BioSystems Science and Engineering) and Science (BioSystems elderly mechanisms for enabling faculty to do better work work better do to faculty enabling for mechanisms Science degree. In the first four batches, roughly roughly batches, four first the In degree. Science

of the student population – 2,681 to be precise precise be to 2,681 – population student the of

admitted during mid-year admission mid-year during admitted

STEM studies. They have to attract Chinese and and Chinese attract to have They studies. STEM and finally how we plan to create greater impact. greater create to plan we how finally and

Rs. 38 crores to understand sea surface salinity salinity surface sea understand to crores 38 Rs.

• Technology and tools for diabetic patients and the the and patients diabetic for tools and Technology • more modern. We also brought in many many in brought also We modern. more

batches of students graduate with a Master of of Master a with graduate students of batches

compared to previous years. Almost two-thirds two-thirds Almost years. previous to compared

students ERP 1 + nationals foreign 2 + regular 72 •

where the home populations are not interested in in interested not are populations home the where about why 2017 could be called “the year of reviews,” reviews,” of year “the called be could 2017 why about

This is an international mission with a budget of of budget a with mission international an is This

Biomedical Engineering Biomedical

have done recently to make our administration administration our make to recently done have Bachelor of Science (Research) degree and three three and degree (Research) Science of Bachelor

2008-09 onwards – about 200 more per year year per more 200 about – onwards 2008-09

Program) joined the Institute. the joined Program) every culture in the country, unlike some countries countries some unlike country, the in culture every status report of the Institute, and then I will talk to you you to talk will I then and Institute, the of report status

Ocean mixing and Monsoon and mixing Ocean

office, DIGITS etc, are some of the many things we we things many the of some are etc, DIGITS office, batches of students graduate with a four-year four-year a with graduate students of batches

faculty, we started to admit more students from from students more admit to started we faculty,

298 for Master’s programs and 110 for Undergraduate Undergraduate for 110 and programs Master’s for 298

drawing people from the best pools of every state and and state every of pools best the from people drawing Institute. As always, I will begin by providing you with a a with you providing by begin will I always, As Institute.

administration. The setting up of ODAA, a legal legal a ODAA, of up setting The administration. country began in 2011. To date, it has seen four four seen has it date, To 2011. in began country

(Physics and Instrumentation and Applied Physics) Applied and Instrumentation and (Physics

Today, we have 4,128 students. Again, as with with as Again, students. 4,128 have we Today,

Integrated PhD, 60 for M.Tech (Res), (Res), M.Tech for 60 PhD, Integrated diverse, national pool study at our universities. We are are We universities. our at study pool national diverse, presentation, my fourth as the Director of the of Director the as fourth my presentation,

also working closely with industry. with closely working also our professionalising and modernising towards

about 500 bright young minds from across across from minds young bright 500 about

• Optical FBG sensor for blood glucose and protein protein and glucose blood for sensor FBG Optical •

Students and Degrees Awarded Degrees and Students

During the year 2018-19, 995 (462 for PhD, 65 for for 65 PhD, for (462 995 2018-19, year the During

Some of the best students from a very large, ethnically ethnically large, very a from students best the of Some Good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to this this to Welcome everyone. afternoon, Good

a total funding of Rs. 36.70 crores. The Centre is is Centre The crores. 36.70 Rs. of funding total a initiatives new several taken have we times,

The undergraduate program in science comprising comprising science in program undergraduate The (Materials Engineering) (Materials

ADMISSIONS ADMISSIONS

Of Science Programs Programs Science Of set up in IISc and IIT Madras by DST/SERB with with DST/SERB by Madras IIT and IISc in up set recent In students. and faculty our of quality the

• Conducting polymer based nitrate ion sensors sensors ion nitrate based polymer Conducting •

Engineering:

having diverse passports. diverse having

The National Centre for Combustion R&D has been been has R&D Combustion for Centre National The praised have committees review academic The

Science (Research) And Master Master And (Research) Science (Organic Chemistry) (Organic

THE INSTITUTE THE

furnished by the Deans of Faculties of Science and and Science of Faculties of Deans the by furnished

So we are international in the real way, rather than in in than rather way, real the in international are we So

Combustion Research Combustion SUMMARY

• Low cost paper biosensor for enzyme detection detection enzyme for biosensor paper cost Low •

Report On The Bachelor Of Of Bachelor The On Report

held on 16.03.2018, the following reports have been been have reports following the 16.03.2018, on held

is trained in the best institutions around the world. world. the around institutions best the in trained is

(Mechanical Engineering) (Mechanical

Consequent to the previous meeting of the Court Court the of meeting previous the to Consequent

international training. In fact, 95 percent of our faculty faculty our of percent 95 fact, In training. international

• Sensor for changes in intracranial pressure pressure intracranial in changes for Sensor • environmental and climate issues. climate and environmental

research infrastructure. research

UG PROGRAMME UG FACULTIES THE COURT OF OF COURT THE

recruit high-quality faculty most of whom have have whom of most faculty high-quality recruit

Engineering) Government, formally and informally, on a host of of host a on informally, and formally Government,

no power failures, high-quality buildings, top-class top-class buildings, high-quality failures, power no

metric of internationalisation. Top Indian institutions institutions Indian Top internationalisation. of metric 2. REPORT FROM THE DEAN, DEAN, THE FROM REPORT 2. OF DEANS THE FROM REPORT 1.

environmental sensors (Centre for Nano Science and and Science Nano for (Centre sensors environmental and more. The Centre is also consulted by the the by consulted also is Centre The more. and those visiting the campus must be world- class: class: world- be must campus the visiting those

foreign faculty members would perform better on this this on better perform would members faculty foreign

• Pressure and gas sensors for strategic applications, applications, strategic for sensors gas and Pressure • of expansion of glacial lakes in the Himalayas Himalayas the in lakes glacial of expansion of things in the best possible way. The experience of of experience The way. possible best the in things

mostly home-grown faculty and a few mediocre mediocre few a and faculty home-grown mostly THE DIRECTOR TO TO DIRECTOR THE

Sensors regional hub of Future Earth, the estimation estimation the Earth, Future of hub regional

freedom even when we have the money to build build to money the have we when even freedom

THE DEANS THE

more to these ranking agencies. A university with with university A agencies. ranking these to more

calculator, the setting up of the South Asian Asian South the of up setting the calculator, them as such. Unfortunately, we don’t have that that have don’t we Unfortunately, such. as them

Somehow the passport you carry seems to matter matter to seems carry you passport the Somehow

development of an interactive climate change change climate interactive an of development Reproduction, Development and Genetics) and Development Reproduction, only if there are funds and freedom to develop develop to freedom and funds are there if only

as the rankings come out is internationalisation. internationalisation. is out come rankings the as

1. REPORT OF OF REPORT 1.

the consequences of global climate change: the the change: climate global of consequences the • 3D organo-typic model for breast cancer (Molecular (Molecular cancer breast for model organo-typic 3D • be magnets for international researchers. But But researchers. international for magnets be 3. REPORT FROM FROM REPORT 3.

we have to keep worrying about every few months months few every about worrying keep to have we

working on several initiatives to help mitigate mitigate help to initiatives several on working screening (Instrumentation and Applied Physics) Applied and (Instrumentation screening campuses that can easily be world-class; they can can they world-class; be easily can that campuses

recently when it comes to the issue of rankings. A term term A rankings. of issue the to comes it when recently

The Divecha Centre for Climate Change is is Change Climate for Centre Divecha The

• Microfluidics & digital cytology-based cancer cancer cytology-based digital & Microfluidics • Many institutes in our country have large large have country our in institutes Many

We have been subject to a lot of media scrutiny scrutiny media of lot a to subject been have We

Climate Change Climate tumour (Microbiology and Cell Biology) Cell and (Microbiology tumour

RANKINGS

• Identifying therapeutic targets for a deadly brain brain deadly a for targets therapeutic Identifying • well-run.

THE TROUBLE WITH MEDIA MEDIA WITH TROUBLE THE

Engineering) water management at basin scale. basin at management water if the campuses are also beautiful, welcoming, and and welcoming, beautiful, also are campuses the if

cancer screening (Electrical Communication Communication (Electrical screening cancer scale interventions (check dams, bunds etc.) for for etc.) bunds dams, (check interventions scale the best researchers from around the world, only only world, the around from researchers best the

• Radio frequency-sensing for non-invasive breast breast non-invasive for frequency-sensing Radio • criteria. million under the Newton-Bhabha Fund for small- for Fund Newton-Bhabha the under million making on the research infrastructure will attract attract will infrastructure research the on making

c ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 REPORT ANNUAL c IIS 2017-18 REPORT ANNUAL c IIS

IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

without contact More recently, in the last couple of years, people the dictionary, an ivory tower is a state of • An optical nano-sensor for early detection of olive CONNECTIONS, OUTREACH have begun to look more closely at Stokes’ model, privileged seclusion, or separation from the fruit fly infestation which improved on the assumption of a basic-applied facts and practicalities of the real world. Is that IISc has also been successful in converting its AND PARTNERSHIPS dichotomy, but is still static. V Narayanamurti, who what we represent? On the one hand, I think we knowledge into technology, and in many instances, its was earlier Chair of the Materials Research Laboratory do, because a lot of basic research is done by technology to products. Some examples include: Lectures in the University of California Santa Barbara, and separating oneself from the real world, by thinking • Pressure transducers deployed in HAL helicopters Every year we get many distinguished speakers who3. later became REPORT the founding Dean of Engineering FROMabout a problem without the compulsions of what FOREWORD TO and being evaluated for LCA to come and spend time with us. This year was in Harvard, came up with a model called the our discoveries might be useful for. • Semiconductor metal oxide NO2 sensor to monitor no different. Some of those who visited IISc Discovery-Innovation Cycle. Discovery research asks liquid propellant leakage for ISRO include: Eric Maskin, an economist from Harvard fundamentalTHE questions, DEANS the answers to which lead to On the other hand, an institution like ours must THE 2019 REPORT • Compact solid-state neutron sensor for IGCAR University and Nobel Laureate; Bertrand Halperin, innovation. Need-driven innovation in turn gives rise be an intellectual beacon, and an engine of • Hybrid Ultra-Capacitor (HUC) batteries (made by a physicist, also from Harvard University; Brian to fundamental questions for discovery research to economic transformation. Indeed, our mandate Mesha LLC) Schmidt, a physicist and the vice chancellor answer. And this cycle continues. This dynamic model reads: “to provide for advanced instruction and to RECOGNITION • CVD Reactor for Make-in-India Electronics is what he calls “cycles of invention and discovery”. conduct original investigations in all branches of TO THE IISc COURT of Australian National University, and a Nobel A young team of undergraduate students from the • Heat-pulse based soil moisture sensor knowledge as are likely to promote the industrial Laureate; and Richard Henderson, a molecular institute won a gold medal for the second time at • Hand-held imaging flow cytometry tool This Discovery-Innovation Cycle is something which and material welfare of India.” So we certainly biophysicist from the MRC Laboratory and a Nobel the International genetically Engineered Machine provided by MHRD will have to be matched by • Multi-analyte diabetes detection device can be seen as acting at many scales. An individual cannot only be in the first state, of being an ivory Laureate. (iGEM) contest held at Boston, USA from 25th – 28th additional funds raised by the Institute. Under faculty member can carry out this cycle in his/ tower. Because our responsibility then is not being October 2018. Over 316 teams from all over the world the Institution of Eminence program, IISc plans her own work, or the cycle can be implemented by met. This is something we need to keep in mind as Entrepreneurship Catching them Young participated in the competition. to expand its faculty and student strengths, collaboration between faculty members. we move forward and try to create greater impact. We began encouraging startups around 2004-05. IISc organises an Open Day every year. Young upgrade its campus and laboratory infrastructure, Before that we didn’t really have an entrepreneurship people from Bangalore and other places and visit provide seed funding for new research initiatives, Data On Past And Current Batches system in place. Over the last 12 or so years, we have our laboratories to see science in action. Over EVALUATION CRITERIA and strengthen international connections, Of Students spawned about 25 or 30 startups. Interestingly, 16 of 20,000 people came last year, and I understand ACADEMIA-INDUSTRY: NOT JUST People shape their working styles to conform via an international post-doctoral program, a 2014: 44 students (Master’s); those startups have come up in the last two or three that about 34,000 came this year. This initiative is to the evaluation criteria. Evaluation in Indian distinguished visiting professors program, and a ONE-WAY TRAFFIC 2015: 107 students; years. Let me give you some examples: growing by leaps and bounds. The Divecha Centre academia is heavily geared towards just counts – program for international student exchange. I draw your attention to a US National Academy 2016: 94 students; • Simyog is a startup based on high speed publication counts, citation counts, PhD student for Climate Change has an annual climate change of Engineering report on the evolution of various 2017: 98 students: computational electromagnetics, that permits fast quiz in which undergraduate students from around counts, number of invited lectures. You just keep Thus, as the Indian Institute of Science completes information technologies, and the role that academic 2018: 108 students. visualisation of electromagnetic radiation inside the city participate, thereby raising awareness on counting and finally somehow all that is put 110 years since its founding, this top ranked and industry played in this evolution. electronics systems. about climate change. IISc also organises the together to give a result. We also try to assess institute of higher education in the country carries Breakup of 2017 batch of students discipline- • Mimyk makes a device for training doctors in annual Vigyan Jyoti Shivir, a national science the personal contributions made by an individual. with it the expectation of the nation to rise to Today, if you open the “assistant” on your Android wise: Biology (22), Chemistry (7), Materials (19), conducting upper gastric tract endoscopies. The camp for students. You look at a paper’s list of authors and begin to higher levels globally. smart-phone and you say “Okay, Google”, or “Set and Mathematics (12), and Physics (39). technology was developed as a collaboration between make assumptions about the contribution of the alarm for 5pm,” it will recognise you immediately, a professor from Mechanical Engineering and one Indian Nanoelectronics Users’ without any training, regardless of whether you are individual under evaluation, based upon the order from Computer Science and Automation. if his/her name in the list of authors, whether one This year, for our report to the IISc Court, we make a Program a Telugu speaker or a Hindi speaker. But in the 1970s, • PathShodh is a device for measuring eight different of the authors is a senior guide or mentor of the slight departure from the usual practice of producing The Centre for Nano Science and Engineering the problem was just of computers recognising single biomarkers which are important for diabetes individual, whether there is a foreign collaborator, a voluminous Court Report that essentially reproduces hosts the Indian Nanoelectronics Users’ Program disconnected spoken words: for example, “yes” and management – five using a blood sample and three etc.. We keep worrying about all these details and a lot of the information that is already available in Anurag Kumar every year. Faculty members visit engineering “no” answers on an IVRS system. Speech recognition using a urine sample. It uses strips which work based we don’t really focus on the real contribution of the Annual Report produced by the Institute, barring Director, IISc colleges around the country, and train the has come a long way since then. It took almost 30 on nanotechnology. the work. We are too heavily reliant upon these a few exceptions. As an efficiency measure, starting students and faculty of these institutions, years for it to become a $1 billion industry, when • Sickle Innovations makes a cotton picker, an assessments of individual contribution and count- this year we have decided to provide the members of encouraging them to come to IISc and use our Dragon and IBM took it up in a big way. And Google agricultural device, allowing farmers to double the based measures of performance. the Court with a copy of the Annual Report for the has it on all their phones now. cotton picking rate, without picking up twigs or other facilities. The programme has resulted in the previous financial year, accompanied by a slimmed filing of 15 patents, publication of 180 research The US NAE report charts this evolution by showing trash. Such criteria also pervade all our selection down version of the Court Report which presents all papers and 150 PhD theses. These patents and the flow of the development process between • Bellatrix is a startup which makes small thrusters for processes and also academy fellowships, awards the additional developments in the Institute during the publications have been authored by participants, universities and the industry. One sees back and ISRO satellites. The founders are not from IISc, but the and recognitions. If you want to be an INSA Fellow, previous calendar year. forth interactions between CMU and MIT on one side start-up is being incubated in IISc. not by IISc faculty. and Bell Labs, IBM and Dragon on the other. One can perhaps you have to conform to these ways of • OpenWater is a water filtration device that uses working. Hence faculty simply work towards piling This Court Report retains not only the parts that were perceive a discovery/innovation cycle happening electrostatic separation of impurities. Public-Private Partnerships up counts, often not trying something new and exclusive to the earlier Court Reports but also a more at the academia-industry level. Unfortunately, such • Equine Biotech is for diagnostic tools for veterinary In the last ten years or so, we have been getting risky as it might interrupt the flow – because the extensive coverage of important research highlights interaction is weak in our country. applications. more financial support from private sources. We flow is so important. If you interrupt the flow, for the year 2018. We hope that this will help the • Mynvax is a startup to develop influenza vaccines have a commitment of Rs. 115 crores from the your career could be in trouble. Researchers avoid members of the court to get to the essentials of the You can see this for practically every technology. My that uses a fundamentally different concept of Robert Bosch Foundation for the Robert Bosch setting up collaborations – because if you set up Institute activity in a more accessible way. examples are all based on ICT (Information creating antibodies against the more stable “stem” of Centre for Cyber-Physical Systems, which works and Communications Technology), but I’m sure it is collaborations, people begin to ask who did what. the virus, rather than the more variable “head,” thus on the Internet of Things and smart socio- Is it your work or is it the other person’s work? An important highlight that was not known at the time similar for other technologies like structures and paving the way for more vaccines protection against technical systems. The Divecha Centre for Climate We need to assess impact rather than volume. This of producing the Annual Report was the notification materials, databases, and data mining. many more strains of the virus. Change has supported by annual grants totalling is not an easy thing to do, as we realise in our own of IISc as an Institute of Eminence by the Ministry of to $3 million, from the Arjun and Diana Divecha discussions here in IISc administration. We need to Human Resources Development. This status will bring family, and the Grantham Foundation. We also IISc’s ROLE look at best practices around the world. We need additional autonomy to the Indian Institute of Science, received Rs 75 crores over five years from the What does IISc’s beautiful and iconic main building to understand how universities all over the world and additional funding support as well. The support stand for? Is it just an ivory tower? According to are able to extract the best from their faculty and

do not necessarily stick only to these kinds of

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1. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE COURT OF THE INSTITUTE

Good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to this Students and Degrees Awarded presentation, my fourth as the Director of the Today, we have 4,128 students. Again, as with Institute. As always, I will begin by providing you with a faculty, we started to admit more students from status report of the Institute, and then I will talk to you 2008-09 onwards – about 200 more per year about why 2017 could be called “the year of reviews,” compared to previous years. Almost two-thirds and finally how we plan to create greater impact. of the student population – 2,681 to be precise – comprises PhD and Integrated PhD students (of these, 1,204 are in the sciences and 1,477 in STATUS REPORT engineering), 935 are enrolled in the various Masters programmes, and 512 students are part of the four-year Bachelor of Science (Research) IISc IN NUMBERS programme.

Human Resources This past year, for the first time, over 300 PhD The strength of our academic staff has grown from students graduated from the Institute (in all 327 in 2004-05 to 425 (the total strength of the 754 degrees were awarded). The ratio of the academic and scientific staff is over 500) working number of PhD students graduating per year to in 42 academic departments and research centres. the number of faculty is currently 0.75:1. We are The departments and centres are divided into six heading towards the target we set for ourselves divisions: Biological Sciences, Chemical Sciences, when I took over: to graduate one student per Electrical Sciences, Mechanical Sciences, Physical & faculty member per year. We expect to achieve Mathematical Sciences, and Interdisciplinary Research. this target either this year or the next. During this period, the number of scientific and technical staff has come down. In the next Council Expenditure Meeting, we will be finalising the cadre recruitment The Ministry of Human Resources Development rules for hiring some additional technical staff. The (MHRD) funds us in two ways: Plan Grant and Non- spurt in faculty hiring actually began in 2008-09. Plan Grant. This too saw a spurt from 2008-09 Since then, we have been consistently inducting about onwards. During this past year, the Plan Grant, 20 new faculty members each year, while about 10 which went towards scholarships, library expenses, retire each year. So on average, our faculty strength startup grants, equipment and new buildings, was has been increasing by around 10 per year in the past Rs. 137 crores and the Non-Plan Grant, which went few years. towards salaries, infrastructure and recurring expenses, amounted to Rs. 294 crores. As the strength of our academic staff has been Our faculty also work hard to raise money increasing, our support staff has been shrinking. themselves. A substantial part of money that Today, we have 437 support staff. We would ideally we receive for Sponsored Projects again comes like the ratio of support staff to faculty to be 1:1. As from government agencies such as Department I have said earlier, the ratification of our Cadre and of Science and Technology (DST), Department Recruitment Rules in the June Council, we will begin of Biotechnology (DBT), Defence Research and to hire more support staff in the coming weeks and Development Organization (DRDO), and so on. months.

Pg 5 This has increased annually by about 15% since 2004- Biological Sciences 05 when we raised Rs. 44.29 crores to almost Rs. 270 1) Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a crores in 2016-17. However, the funds raised through growing problem. The study investigates the consultancy and from the industry have been quite causes of antibiotic resistance in TB-causing flat over several years. This year, with the induction of bacteria and how it can be inhibited. REF: S industry professionals into the SID management, we Mishra, P Shukla, A Bhaskar, Anand K, P Baloni, KR will begin to remedy the situation. Jha, A Mohan, RS Rajmani, V Nagaraja, N Chandra, and A Singh. “Efficacy ofβ- lactam\β-lactamase It may be noted that about 55% of our funding last Inhibitor Combination is Linked to WhiB4 Mediated year came in the form of direct funding from the Changes in Redox Physiology of Mycobacterium government. The remaining came from our fund tuberculosis.” eLife. 2017. raising efforts – either through sponsored grants from governmental agencies, consultancy, tuition 2) Another study has shown how grazing – a (which is a very small amount), private philanthropy, widespread human activity – alters soil microbe or CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) initiatives. composition and thereby the amount of carbon We are experiencing pressure from the government to stored in the soil. This has important implications increase this component of our funding and become for the well-being of our planet. REF: S Bagchi, more self-reliant. S Roy, A Maitra, and RS Sran. “Herbivores suppress soil microbes to influence carbon Publications sequestration in the grazing ecosystem of the The two most important outputs we produce are the Trans-Himalaya.” Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 2017. students we graduate and the knowledge we generate. In science, the currency of the latter is publications 3) Protein-protein interactions are crucial to all – both in terms of the quality and quantity. In the aspects of cell functioning. The study makes previous year, our faculty published 2,462 research use of a novel statistical technique to predict papers in leading peer- reviewed journals (1,771) the interaction sites on the surface of a class and conference proceedings (691). In the last five of protein kinases from knowledge of known years, more than 12,000 research papers have been functional sites. REF: R Kalaivani, R Reema and published by our faculty, making us the No. 1 in the N Srinivasan. “Recognition of sites of functional country in research performance. specialization in all known eukaryotic protein kinase families.” PLoS Comp. Biol. 2018. The many accolades our faculty members receive is another indicator of the quality of our research. Chemical Sciences For the past few years, our faculty have been well- 1) The study explores the potential of affordable decorated with the SS Bhatnagar awards, Young metallic and oxide compounds as electrocatalysts Scientist and Engineer awards, Swarnajayanti to replace the more expensive platinum and Fellowships, JC Bose Fellowships etc. We have also rhodium catalysts. REF: R Gond, K Sada, B received three Infosys Prizes so far. During the last Senthilkumar, and P Barpanda. “Bifunctional year alone, our faculty members have received over electrocatalytic behavior of sodium cobalt 70 prestigious awards. phosphates in alkaline solution.” Chem Electro Chem. 2018.

2) Triboluminescence is the phenomenon of the RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: emission of light when crystal bonds are broken. GLIMPSES The study demonstrates a new technique to synthesize crystalline materials that have this Research Highlights property. REF: KK Neena, P Sudhakar, K Dipak, and P Thilagar “Diarylboryl-phenothiazine Each of the over 2000 papers that our faculty has based multifunctional molecular siblings.” Chem published this past year is unique and contributes to Commun. 2017. the body of scientific knowledge. I will be unable to go over all of them. So I have taken a sample of two or three from each division which I will talk about very briefly. Electrical Sciences 1) One of our electronics engineering researchers has used a graphene sheet built into a field effect

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transistor to improve its efficacy. This transistor lost during 1982-2012, with 70% loss occurring has beaten its counterpart from IBM in terms of its at low altitudes, indicating the possibility of performance. REF: A Meersha, HB Variar, K Bharadwaj, water scarcity in villages in the valley. REF: S A Mishra, S Raghavan, N Bhat and M Shrivastava, Tawde, AV Kulkarni, G Bala (2017). “An estimate “Record Low Metal – (CVD) Graphene Contact of glacier mass balance for the Chandra basin, Resistance Using Atomic Orbital Overlap Engineering.” western Himalaya. for the period 1984-2012”. IEEE International Electron Device Meeting. 2016. Annals of Glaciology. 2017.

2) India’s first 10MW (10KV, 1KA) solid-state crowbar 2) A novel imaging technique has been for microwave tube protection has been developed at developed to capture the flow of the fuel and IISc and is currently being used at Institute for Plasma the flame structure inside an actual gas turbine Research, Ahmedabad. REF: TG Subhash Joshi, V environment. This will be useful for designing John. “Performance Comparison of ETT- and LTT- low emission and efficient combustors. REF: Based Pulse Power Crowbar Switch. IEEE Transactions RB Vishwanath, PM Tilak and S Chaudhuri. “An on Plasma Science. 2017. Experimental Study of Interacting Swirl Flows in a Model Gas Turbine Combustor,” Experiments in 3) Complex systems like automobiles these days Fluids. 2018. come packed with many electronic components which interact with each other. The study has come up 3) The study models the deformation process of with faster ways to compute these interactions, thus a metal when being machined by a tool. This will helping us better understand the electromagnetic help us to better understand defect formation and environment. The techniques developed by these design better tools. REF: NK Sundaram, A Mahato, researchers is the core technology behind a Y Guo, K Viswanathan, S Chandrasekhar. “Folding start-up, Simyog, started by Prof. Gope and his in metal polycrystals: Microstructural origins and students. REF: G Chatterjee, A Das, SV Reddy and D mechanics,” Acta Mat. 2017. Gope. “Mesh Interpolated Krylov Recycling Method to expedite 3D Full- Wave MoM Solution for Design Variants”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Physical and Mathematical Theory and Techniques. 2017. Sciences 1) The study demonstrates for the first time that crystallization of two-dimensional colloidal sheets Interdisciplinary Research (membranes) of chiral rod shaped particles results 1) The first Indian brain templates for morphometric in wrinkling and buckling instabilities. REF: L assessments are being developed in IISc. These Saikia, T Sarkar, M Thomas, VA Raghunathan, A are being used in the diagnosis of brain disorders Sain and P Sharma. “Curvature Instability of Chiral (in collaboration with NIMHANS, Bangalore). REF: Colloidal Membranes on Crystallization.” Nature N Rao, H Jeelani, R Achalia, G Achalia, A Jacob, Communications. 2017. RD Bharath, S Varambally, G Venkatasubramanian, and PK Yalavarthy. “Population differences in Brain 2) The study shows that topological insulators, morphology: Need for population specific Brain materials which conduct only on the surface, can template Psychiatry research.” Neuroimaging. 2017. be realized in glassy (amorphous) materials. REF: A Agarwala, VB Shenoy. “Topological Insulators in 2) Another study helps us understand the dynamics Amorphous Systems” Phys. Rev. Lett. 2017. of droplet impact on surfaces with nano- scale structures. This can be used for development of strongly hydrophyllic or hydrophobic surfaces. REF: Clustering of Research Themes A Kumar, A Tripathy, Y Nam, C Lee and P Sen. “Effect Last year, we started to take a closer look at our of geometrical parameters on rebound of impacting research and identified a few clusters in research droplets on leaky superhydrophobic meshes.” Soft themes across our departments. Some examples Matter. 2018. of such themes and specific areas of research within those themes include: Mechanical Sciences Cancer 1) Yet another study shows that 18% of the glacier • A novel molecule to target and kill cancer cells mass in Chandra Basin, Himachal Pradesh, has been (Biochemistry)

Pg 7 • Radio frequency-sensing for non-invasive breast million under the Newton-Bhabha Fund for small- cancer screening (Electrical Communication scale interventions (check dams, bunds etc.) for Engineering) water management at basin scale. • Identifying therapeutic targets for a deadly brain tumour (Microbiology and Cell Biology) Climate Change • Microfluidics & digital cytology-based cancer The Divecha Centre for Climate Change is screening (Instrumentation and Applied Physics) working on several initiatives to help mitigate • 3D organo-typic model for breast cancer (Molecular the consequences of global climate change: the Reproduction, Development and Genetics) development of an interactive climate change calculator, the setting up of the South Asian Sensors regional hub of Future Earth, the estimation • Pressure and gas sensors for strategic applications, of expansion of glacial lakes in the Himalayas environmental sensors (Centre for Nano Science and and more. The Centre is also consulted by the Engineering) Government, formally and informally, on a host of • Sensor for changes in intracranial pressure environmental and climate issues. (Mechanical Engineering) • Low cost paper biosensor for enzyme detection Combustion Research (Organic Chemistry) The National Centre for Combustion R&D has been • Conducting polymer based nitrate ion sensors set up in IISc and IIT Madras by DST/SERB with (Materials Engineering) a total funding of Rs. 36.70 crores. The Centre is • Optical FBG sensor for blood glucose and protein also working closely with industry. (Physics and Instrumentation and Applied Physics) Ocean mixing and Monsoon Biomedical Engineering This is an international mission with a budget of • Technology and tools for diabetic patients and the Rs. 38 crores to understand sea surface salinity elderly (BioSystems Science and Engineering) and other physical phenomena which affect the • Smart catheters for blocking abnormal signals in Indian monsoons. veins (Electronic Systems Engineering) • Biomaterials for orthopedic and dental applications (Materials Research Centre) • Real-time monitoring of new-born babies using IoT INNOVATION, PATENTING, AND (Robert Bosch Centre for Cyber- Physical Systems) • Nano-swimmers driven by magnetic field for drug ENTREPRENEURSHIP delivery (Centre for Nano Science and Engineering) Innovation In the future, we hope that our researchers, who work IISc started the Society for Innovation and on a particular theme, even if they are from different Development (SID) in 1991 with the aim of creating disciplines, will complement each other to create opportunities for researchers to interact with greater impact. We are also looking at collaborative industry. It has since enabled the initiation of over research initiatives where our faculty members work 550 R&D projects with more than 200 Indian and together. international companies. It is also been incubating start-ups. As a result of the interaction between Large Projects of National industry and IISc, 8-10 corporate research centres Importance have been set up within the Institute. A research At IISc we have always had several instances of large park called the Innovation Hub, for which MHRD projects in which faculty from different departments has given the Institute a grant of Rs. 75 crores, is work together on focussed problems of national in an advanced stage of planning. importance. Current examples include: Patenting Towards Hypersonic Vehicles Patenting activity in IISc took off only about 15 In collaboration with BrahMos Aerospace, faculty from years ago, even though the Intellectual Property Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and and Technology Licensing office was set up in the Aerospace Engineering work on a series of projects mid-1990s. We are now filing 30-40 patents each (at a total cost of Rs. 19.26 crores) to aid in design, year. In all, 511 patents have been filed so far. development and flight testing of hypersonic air- breathing cruise missiles. Some recent examples of patents from IISc include: Water Management • An electric gradient augmented portable water filtration device A group at the Inderdisiplinary Centre for Water • A patient transfer apparatus for shifting them Research (ICWaR) is working on a project worth £ 2

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without contact • An optical nano-sensor for early detection of olive CONNECTIONS, OUTREACH fruit fly infestation IISc has also been successful in converting its AND PARTNERSHIPS knowledge into technology, and in many instances, its technology to products. Some examples include: Lectures • Pressure transducers deployed in HAL helicopters Every year we get many distinguished speakers and being evaluated for LCA to come and spend time with us. This year was • Semiconductor metal oxide NO2 sensor to monitor no different. Some of those who visited IISc liquid propellant leakage for ISRO include: Eric Maskin, an economist from Harvard • Compact solid-state neutron sensor for IGCAR University and Nobel Laureate; Bertrand Halperin, • Hybrid Ultra-Capacitor (HUC) batteries (made by a physicist, also from Harvard University; Brian Mesha LLC) Schmidt, a physicist and the vice chancellor • CVD Reactor for Make-in-India Electronics of Australian National University, and a Nobel • Heat-pulse based soil moisture sensor Laureate; and Richard Henderson, a molecular • Hand-held imaging flow cytometry tool biophysicist from the MRC Laboratory and a Nobel • Multi-analyte diabetes detection device Laureate. Entrepreneurship Catching them Young We began encouraging startups around 2004-05. IISc organises an Open Day every year. Young Before that we didn’t really have an entrepreneurship people from Bangalore and other places and visit system in place. Over the last 12 or so years, we have our laboratories to see science in action. Over spawned about 25 or 30 startups. Interestingly, 16 of 20,000 people came last year, and I understand those startups have come up in the last two or three that about 34,000 came this year. This initiative is years. Let me give you some examples: growing by leaps and bounds. The Divecha Centre • Simyog is a startup based on high speed for Climate Change has an annual climate change computational electromagnetics, that permits fast quiz in which undergraduate students from around visualisation of electromagnetic radiation inside the city participate, thereby raising awareness electronics systems. about climate change. IISc also organises the • Mimyk makes a device for training doctors in annual Vigyan Jyoti Shivir, a national science conducting upper gastric tract endoscopies. The camp for students. technology was developed as a collaboration between a professor from Mechanical Engineering and one Indian Nanoelectronics Users’ from Computer Science and Automation. • PathShodh is a device for measuring eight different Program biomarkers which are important for diabetes The Centre for Nano Science and Engineering management – five using a blood sample and three hosts the Indian Nanoelectronics Users’ Program using a urine sample. It uses strips which work based every year. Faculty members visit engineering on nanotechnology. colleges around the country, and train the • Sickle Innovations makes a cotton picker, an students and faculty of these institutions, agricultural device, allowing farmers to double the encouraging them to come to IISc and use our cotton picking rate, without picking up twigs or other facilities. The programme has resulted in the trash. filing of 15 patents, publication of 180 research • Bellatrix is a startup which makes small thrusters for papers and 150 PhD theses. These patents and ISRO satellites. The founders are not from IISc, but the publications have been authored by participants, start-up is being incubated in IISc. not by IISc faculty. • OpenWater is a water filtration device that uses electrostatic separation of impurities. Public-Private Partnerships • Equine Biotech is for diagnostic tools for veterinary In the last ten years or so, we have been getting applications. more financial support from private sources. We • Mynvax is a startup to develop influenza vaccines have a commitment of Rs. 115 crores from the that uses a fundamentally different concept of Robert Bosch Foundation for the Robert Bosch creating antibodies against the more stable “stem” of Centre for Cyber-Physical Systems, which works the virus, rather than the more variable “head,” thus on the Internet of Things and smart socio- paving the way for more vaccines protection against technical systems. The Divecha Centre for Climate many more strains of the virus. Change has supported by annual grants totalling to $3 million, from the Arjun and Diana Divecha family, and the Grantham Foundation. We also received Rs 75 crores over five years from the

Pg 9 Tata Trusts for an imaging facility for the brain; and Mr. and some as grants for buildings (for example, a Kris and Mrs. Sudha Gopalakrishnan have given Rs 225 girls’ hostel is coming up on campus). Fundraising crores over ten years, plus the building, for setting up is a very important activity now because the a centre for brain research. government is requiring us more and more to begin to raise our own resources, particularly for Research Pacts with Technology capital expenditure. Giants In the last couple of years, we have had several new Office of International Relations MoUs with Bosch India. Bosch India today is not only We have an Office of International Relations (OIR), supporting the Robert Bosch Centre, they are also which invites people from around the world, and supporting specific projects, including the Simyog arranges visits of foreign delegations. We go startup. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has signed an outside India a couple of times each year – these MoU with us to set up an innovation lab embedded in trips are also organised by OIR. We have several IISc. The GE Technology Centre in Bangalore has also MoUs with foreign industry and with academia signed an MoU with us. and we have several fellowships set up by foreign agencies in our Institute. About 78 international Challakere: Teaching the Teachers students came last year to either study here or to As part of this outreach programme that we are visit IISc. doing in our Challakere campus, high school teachers, and now also college teachers, are being trained to 2017: THE YEAR OF REVIEWS become better teachers. Since it was established, Prof. The year 2017 was a year of reviews. Let me tell MS Hegde has led a group of people who have trained you what I mean by that. almost 11,000 school and college teachers. The college teachers’ programme is supported by the Ministry In January, the University Grants Commission of Human Resource Development under the Pandit (UGC) told us that we need to get a 12B certificate Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers in order to continue receiving funding from them. and Teaching. So we went through a UGC certification review. We have been certified, and the money again started coming.

FUNDRAISING, ALUMNI In May last year, UGC reviewed us again. It was a CONNECT, AND INTERNATIONAL full-fledged institutional review to continue our deemed university status. OUTREACH Last year, we also took a decision, with the Publicity support and encouragement of the Council, to We publicize our work by publishing a quarterly begin a system of academic reviews. We have magazine called Connect, and an annual magazine planned that, over a five-year period, we will called Kernel. Kernel is a smaller, more readable review all the departments in some sequence. The version of the Annual Report, which is usually heavy first volunteer for this review was the Electrical and dense. This is sent to people around the country Sciences Division. All faculty members and and also to many foreign universities. IIScPress departments in this Division were reviewed. The publishes books by authors from IISc and other Department of Aerospace Engineering, in its 75th universities. Right now, our co-publisher is Cambridge year, also chose to have an in-depth review. So University Press. We have a new series of booklets last year, the work of 110 faculty members in the brought out by the Archives and Publications Cell, Institute was reviewed – that’s about one- fourth which is a series based on the history of IISc. of our faculty. We hope to be able to have the entire review cycle done in the next four more Office of Alumni and Development years, and then we’ll repeat that cycle. Affairs We also had to undergo NAAC accreditation. Many About three years back, we began a new office of the government programmes are linked to our of development. The word “development” is the NAAC score, which is tied to some benefits. We American term for financial development, not civil have already filed our NAAC self-study report. We construction. The Office of Development and Alumni are waiting for NAAC to send an on-site review Affairs (ODAA) now raises money for us. Over the last committee. three years, they have been able to raise Rs 186 crores from various sources – from donors and through CSR. I want to give you a glimpse of what the review Some of the money is coming as endowments, chairs, committees said in the two academic reviews which took place, in the EECS Division and the Aerospace Department, and in what way these Pg 10 departments are going to address the issues that IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

were raised. Aerospace Engineering were fairly similar. The committee also said the faculty strength in some REVIEW OF ELECTRICAL groups was depleting. It also asked to consider building a relationship with ISRO on the lines SCIENCES DIVISION: of the relationship between Caltech and JPL. RECOMMENDATIONS AND A committee has been set up to look into this. ACTIONS The Department has also started bringing in Electrical Sciences normally is just one unit in most distinguished speakers from industry to increase universities. In IISc, however, this faculty has been connect between the Department and industry. split into four departments. The committee advised us to bring about greater cohesion between these four The review committee was very appreciative of departments. We have now renamed our division as the the long history of wind tunnels in our Institute. Division of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science They felt that some of the wind tunnels we have (EECS), which is the more common name across will have to be discarded, and the functioning of the world. This we hope will bring people under one others should be improved. umbrella. We are also forming thematic clusters across our division. The committee also recommended modernisation of the MTech curriculum and the need to attract The committee also urged us to achieve active connect better PhD students. We are looking closely at with the ecosystem. They said that the faculty members both these recommendations. are working too much on problems which interest only them. They wanted researchers to reflect on whether I’m going to spend a few minutes on one common the problems that they have chosen are also important theme in both the reviews – impact. Both the for the world and how much impact they make. The committees felt that somehow our research was committee felt that the Division must continue to not having enough impact. So let us look at what it contribute in the way that they have been doing, but to means to aim for impact. also think about participating in national programmes. We have begun to do in fields like artificial intelligence, cyber security, AIMING FOR IMPACT: DISCOVERY RESEARCH AND 5G programme of the Department of Telecommunications, and the neuromorphic computing INNOVATION programme funded by Kris Gopalakrishnan. In the aftermath of WW II, a very important report was given by Vannevar Bush to the American Another recommendation from the committee was to Congress about how to fund research. The report proactively recruit new faculty members rather than was called “Science: The Endless Frontier”. And in simply waiting for them to apply. So the Division is that report, Bush clearly separated basic research now going to start doing that: go to events overseas, from applied research. Basic research, he argued, advertise and also explore funding which will attract was more important to fund because its outcome top talent. We would like to do something like that for feeds into applied research. So essentially there promising students too. was this dichotomy created between basic and applied research. Reorganising the MTech programme was another recommendation. We have set up a committee to see if Now imagine a researcher who wants to do good we can coalesce the many MTech programmes we have. basic research, and also wants to have impact. If he works at the basic research end of The committee also recommended that we proactively the spectrum, he is having no impact. And vice engage with industry. So we are going to start versa. If he works somewhere in between, the an industry affiliates programme, where industry reviewers would tell him that he is diluting your can come, contribute some money each year and basic research. So what does this person do? participate in the research. In the late 1990s, Prof. Donald Stokes a social scientist from Yale University simply bent the straight line that extends from basic to applied research. This provided a new perspective on how REVIEW OF AEROSPACE to view the relationship between basic and applied ENGINEERING: research. You could now have a person doing good RECOMMENDATIONS AND applied research and also good basic research. Essentially all it involves is bending the basic ACTIONS research–applied research axis. The recommendations for the Department of

Pg 11 More recently, in the last couple of years, people the dictionary, an ivory tower is a state of have begun to look more closely at Stokes’ model, privileged seclusion, or separation from the which improved on the assumption of a basic-applied facts and practicalities of the real world. Is that dichotomy, but is still static. V Narayanamurti, who what we represent? On the one hand, I think we was earlier Chair of the Materials Research Laboratory do, because a lot of basic research is done by in the University of California Santa Barbara, and separating oneself from the real world, by thinking who later became the founding Dean of Engineering about a problem without the compulsions of what in Harvard, came up with a model called the our discoveries might be useful for. Discovery-Innovation Cycle. Discovery research asks fundamental questions, the answers to which lead to On the other hand, an institution like ours must innovation. Need-driven innovation in turn gives rise be an intellectual beacon, and an engine of to fundamental questions for discovery research to economic transformation. Indeed, our mandate answer. And this cycle continues. This dynamic model reads: “to provide for advanced instruction and to is what he calls “cycles of invention and discovery”. conduct original investigations in all branches of knowledge as are likely to promote the industrial This Discovery-Innovation Cycle is something which and material welfare of India.” So we certainly can be seen as acting at many scales. An individual cannot only be in the first state, of being an ivory faculty member can carry out this cycle in his/ tower. Because our responsibility then is not being her own work, or the cycle can be implemented by met. This is something we need to keep in mind as collaboration between faculty members. we move forward and try to create greater impact.

EVALUATION CRITERIA ACADEMIA-INDUSTRY: NOT JUST People shape their working styles to conform ONE-WAY TRAFFIC to the evaluation criteria. Evaluation in Indian I draw your attention to a US National Academy academia is heavily geared towards just counts – of Engineering report on the evolution of various publication counts, citation counts, PhD student information technologies, and the role that academic counts, number of invited lectures. You just keep and industry played in this evolution. on counting and finally somehow all that is put together to give a result. We also try to assess Today, if you open the “assistant” on your Android the personal contributions made by an individual. smart-phone and you say “Okay, Google”, or “Set and You look at a paper’s list of authors and begin to alarm for 5pm,” it will recognise you immediately, make assumptions about the contribution of the without any training, regardless of whether you are individual under evaluation, based upon the order a Telugu speaker or a Hindi speaker. But in the 1970s, if his/her name in the list of authors, whether one the problem was just of computers recognising single of the authors is a senior guide or mentor of the disconnected spoken words: for example, “yes” and individual, whether there is a foreign collaborator, “no” answers on an IVRS system. Speech recognition etc.. We keep worrying about all these details and has come a long way since then. It took almost 30 we don’t really focus on the real contribution of years for it to become a $1 billion industry, when the work. We are too heavily reliant upon these Dragon and IBM took it up in a big way. And Google assessments of individual contribution and count- has it on all their phones now. based measures of performance. The US NAE report charts this evolution by showing the flow of the development process between Such criteria also pervade all our selection universities and the industry. One sees back and processes and also academy fellowships, awards forth interactions between CMU and MIT on one side and recognitions. If you want to be an INSA Fellow, and Bell Labs, IBM and Dragon on the other. One can perhaps you have to conform to these ways of perceive a discovery/innovation cycle happening working. Hence faculty simply work towards piling at the academia-industry level. Unfortunately, such up counts, often not trying something new and interaction is weak in our country. risky as it might interrupt the flow – because the flow is so important. If you interrupt the flow, You can see this for practically every technology. My your career could be in trouble. Researchers avoid examples are all based on ICT (Information setting up collaborations – because if you set up and Communications Technology), but I’m sure it is collaborations, people begin to ask who did what. similar for other technologies like structures and Is it your work or is it the other person’s work? materials, databases, and data mining. We need to assess impact rather than volume. This is not an easy thing to do, as we realise in our own discussions here in IISc administration. We need to IISc’s ROLE look at best practices around the world. We need What does IISc’s beautiful and iconic main building to understand how universities all over the world stand for? Is it just an ivory tower? According to are able to extract the best from their faculty and do not necessarily stick only to these kinds of Pg 12 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

criteria. making on the research infrastructure will attract the best researchers from around the world, only THE TROUBLE WITH MEDIA if the campuses are also beautiful, welcoming, and RANKINGS well-run. We have been subject to a lot of media scrutiny Many institutes in our country have large recently when it comes to the issue of rankings. A term campuses that can easily be world-class; they can we have to keep worrying about every few months be magnets for international researchers. But as the rankings come out is internationalisation. only if there are funds and freedom to develop Somehow the passport you carry seems to matter them as such. Unfortunately, we don’t have that more to these ranking agencies. A university with freedom even when we have the money to build mostly home-grown faculty and a few mediocre things in the best possible way. The experience of foreign faculty members would perform better on this those visiting the campus must be world- class: metric of internationalisation. Top Indian institutions no power failures, high-quality buildings, top-class recruit high-quality faculty most of whom have research infrastructure. international training. In fact, 95 percent of our faculty is trained in the best institutions around the world. So we are international in the real way, rather than in SUMMARY having diverse passports. The academic review committees have praised the quality of our faculty and students. In recent Some of the best students from a very large, ethnically times, we have taken several new initiatives diverse, national pool study at our universities. We are towards modernising and professionalising our drawing people from the best pools of every state and administration. The setting up of ODAA, a legal every culture in the country, unlike some countries office, DIGITS etc, are some of the many things we where the home populations are not interested in have done recently to make our administration STEM studies. They have to attract Chinese and more modern. We also brought in many Indians to study there. Why should we emulate them mechanisms for enabling faculty to do better work when we have a whole pool of top-notch researchers – we have brought in tenure, and we give them in the country to work with us? We may induct a few attractive startup grants, and some of them get international researchers to bring about cultural Young Investigator Fellowships. diversity, which is certainly highly desirable for the intellectual richness of a top institute like ours. This is paying off. A wide variety of new knowledge generation is happening in the Institute. Let us then focus on strengthening something else: on Innovation and entrepreneurship is on the hard academics, on research, on impact, on innovation upswing – 16 new startups have taken shape in the metrics, and not bother about passports. We should last two years, which is an indication that things read “internationalisation” not as passports but are looking up. People are working hard, and we international visibility, and international collaboration, have actually been able to convert some of our which often we do not have enough of in this Institute. knowledge into practice. Our faculty members And that’s partly because we do not have enough are contributing to many large national and money to send people abroad. We don’t have enough international programmes – I mentioned those money to host people in the best possible way. earlier, such as the water research programme, the climate research programme. Private support of research is increasing. We are aiming to INDIA NEEDS WORLD-CLASS increase our industry collaboration. We have CAMPUSES recently recruited three industry professionals to To be able to do what I have said, we need world-class help us better engage with industry. campuses. Many US campuses are in dangerous areas. “Don’t walk around after dark”, “Be careful not to We must understand how to increase impact, and make a wrong turn outside the campus” – you often improve our international reputation. Even though see these kinds of warnings on US campus websites. our reputation is strong among those who know Many US campuses are in uninteresting locations us, our reputation is not that strong if you look at with nothing really to do outside the campus – they the general perception. That is the only way we are out in the middle of nowhere. Yet these campuses can be counted among the best in the world. continue to attract the best students and the best faculty from around the world. The campus itself is a beautiful, well-built, well- maintained, hygienic, self- contained, safe and secure, intellectually stimulating, culturally alive, fun-to-be community. If we create campuses like this, there is no reason that people will not come here. The investments that the country is

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Pg 6 Pg Pg 7 Pg Pg 14 Pg Pg 15 Pg

has used a graphene sheet built into a field effect effect field a into built sheet graphene a used has (Biochemistry)

mass in Chandra Basin, Himachal Pradesh, has been been has Pradesh, Himachal Basin, Chandra in mass

and innovations are going to be extremely critical. So So critical. extremely be to going are innovations and

1) One of our electronics engineering researchers researchers engineering electronics our of One 1) • A novel molecule to target and kill cancer cells cells cancer kill and target to molecule novel A •

1) Yet another study shows that 18% of the glacier glacier the of 18% that shows study another Yet 1)

this, contributions from Indian researchers, start-ups start-ups researchers, Indian from contributions this, briefly.

Electrical Sciences Electrical Cancer

Mechanical Sciences Mechanical

solutions that are developed in our country. And for for And country. our in developed are that solutions three from each division which I will talk about very very about talk will I which division each from three

unique and complex. To solve these problems, we need need we problems, these solve To complex. and unique over all of them. So I have taken a sample of two or or two of sample a taken have I So them. of all over

within those themes include: themes those within

India has lot of problems and our problems are very very are problems our and problems of lot has India

the body of scientific knowledge. I will be unable to go go to unable be will I knowledge. scientific of body the

Commun. 2017. Commun. of such themes and specific areas of research research of areas specific and themes such of

Matter. 2018. Matter.

published this past year is unique and contributes to to contributes and unique is year past this published

based multifunctional molecular siblings.” Chem Chem siblings.” molecular multifunctional based themes across our departments. Some examples examples Some departments. our across themes

droplets on leaky superhydrophobic meshes.” Soft Soft meshes.” superhydrophobic leaky on droplets back.

Each of the over 2000 papers that our faculty has has faculty our that papers 2000 over the of Each

and P Thilagar “Diarylboryl-phenothiazine “Diarylboryl-phenothiazine Thilagar P and research and identified a few clusters in research research in clusters few a identified and research

of geometrical parameters on rebound of impacting impacting of rebound on parameters geometrical of PhDs. And I am so glad to see some of them coming coming them of some see to glad so am I And PhDs. Research Highlights Research

property. REF: KK Neena, P Sudhakar, K Dipak, Dipak, K Sudhakar, P Neena, KK REF: property. Last year, we started to take a closer look at our our at look closer a take to started we year, Last

A Kumar, A Tripathy, Y Nam, C Lee and P Sen. “Effect “Effect Sen. P and Lee C Nam, Y Tripathy, A Kumar, A institutions for their postgraduate education and and education postgraduate their for institutions

Clustering of Research Themes Research of Clustering synthesize crystalline materials that have this this have that materials crystalline synthesize

strongly hydrophyllic or hydrophobic surfaces. REF: REF: surfaces. hydrophobic or hydrophyllic strongly

our undergraduate students, land up in the best best the in up land students, undergraduate our

GLIMPSES

The study demonstrates a new technique to to technique new a demonstrates study The

structures. This can be used for development of of development for used be can This structures. But it is heartening that students, especially especially students, that heartening is it But

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT: AND RESEARCH emission of light when crystal bonds are broken. broken. are bonds crystal when light of emission

of droplet impact on surfaces with nano- scale scale nano- with surfaces on impact droplet of

2) Triboluminescence is the phenomenon of the the of phenomenon the is Triboluminescence 2)

Amorphous Systems” Phys. Rev. Lett. 2017. Lett. Rev. Phys. Systems” Amorphous 2) Another study helps us understand the dynamics dynamics the understand us helps study Another 2) because these are issues that you are all familiar with. familiar all are you that issues are these because

A Agarwala, VB Shenoy. “Topological Insulators in in Insulators “Topological Shenoy. VB Agarwala, A about Indian institutes. I don’t want to say more more say to want don’t I institutes. Indian about

Chem. 2018. Chem.

be realized in glassy (amorphous) materials. REF: REF: materials. (amorphous) glassy in realized be template Psychiatry research.” Neuroimaging. 2017. Neuroimaging. research.” Psychiatry template These are issues that come up every time we talk talk we time every up come that issues are These

phosphates in alkaline solution.” Chem Electro Electro Chem solution.” alkaline in phosphates

materials which conduct only on the surface, can can surface, the on only conduct which materials morphology: Need for population specific Brain Brain specific population for Need morphology: 70 prestigious awards. prestigious 70 businesses and industry? Why is funding a problem? problem? a funding is Why industry? and businesses

electrocatalytic behavior of sodium cobalt cobalt sodium of behavior electrocatalytic

2) The study shows that topological insulators, insulators, topological that shows study The 2) and PK Yalavarthy. “Population differences in Brain Brain in differences “Population Yalavarthy. PK and year alone, our faculty members have received over over received have members faculty our alone, year Stanford. Why is it that they do not partner with with partner not do they that it is Why Stanford.

Senthilkumar, and P Barpanda. “Bifunctional “Bifunctional Barpanda. P and Senthilkumar,

RD Bharath, S Varambally, G Venkatasubramanian, Venkatasubramanian, G Varambally, S Bharath, RD received three Infosys Prizes so far. During the last last the During far. so Prizes Infosys three received particularly IISc and the IITs, can’t be an MIT or a a or MIT an be can’t IITs, the and IISc particularly

rhodium catalysts. REF: R Gond, K Sada, B B Sada, K Gond, R REF: catalysts. rhodium

Communications. 2017. Communications. N Rao, H Jeelani, R Achalia, G Achalia, A Jacob, Jacob, A Achalia, G Achalia, R Jeelani, H Rao, N Fellowships, JC Bose Fellowships etc. We have also also have We etc. Fellowships Bose JC Fellowships, So everyone is quite surprised as to why our institutes, institutes, our why to as surprised quite is everyone So

to replace the more expensive platinum and and platinum expensive more the replace to

Colloidal Membranes on Crystallization.” Nature Nature Crystallization.” on Membranes Colloidal (in collaboration with NIMHANS, Bangalore). REF: REF: Bangalore). NIMHANS, with collaboration (in Scientist and Engineer awards, Swarnajayanti Swarnajayanti awards, Engineer and Scientist

metallic and oxide compounds as electrocatalysts electrocatalysts as compounds oxide and metallic

Sain and P Sharma. “Curvature Instability of Chiral Chiral of Instability “Curvature Sharma. P and Sain are being used in the diagnosis of brain disorders disorders brain of diagnosis the in used being are decorated with the SS Bhatnagar awards, Young Young awards, Bhatnagar SS the with decorated Oxford or Stanford. or Oxford

1) The study explores the potential of affordable affordable of potential the explores study The 1)

Saikia, T Sarkar, M Thomas, VA Raghunathan, A A Raghunathan, VA Thomas, M Sarkar, T Saikia, assessments are being developed in IISc. These These IISc. in developed being are assessments For the past few years, our faculty have been well- been have faculty our years, few past the For institutions, we think of Yale, Princeton, Harvard, Harvard, Princeton, Yale, of think we institutions,

Chemical Sciences Chemical

in wrinkling and buckling instabilities. REF: L L REF: instabilities. buckling and wrinkling in 1) The first Indian brain templates for morphometric morphometric for templates brain Indian first The 1) is another indicator of the quality of our research. research. our of quality the of indicator another is

the Institute is today. But when we think of global global of think we when But today. is Institute the

(membranes) of chiral rod shaped particles results results particles shaped rod chiral of (membranes) Interdisciplinary Research Interdisciplinary The many accolades our faculty members receive receive members faculty our accolades many The top of everyone’s mind. We are in awe of where where of awe in are We mind. everyone’s of top

crystallization of two-dimensional colloidal sheets sheets colloidal two-dimensional of crystallization kinase families.” PLoS Comp. Biol. 2018. Biol. Comp. PLoS families.” kinase When we talk about Indian institutes, IISc is at the the at is IISc institutes, Indian about talk we When

1) The study demonstrates for the first time that that time first the for demonstrates study The 1) specialization in all known eukaryotic protein protein eukaryotic known all in specialization country in research performance. research in country

Sciences

N Srinivasan. “Recognition of sites of functional functional of sites of “Recognition Srinivasan. N

published by our faculty, making us the No. 1 in the the in 1 No. the us making faculty, our by published

keep IISc from going the next level. next the going from IISc keep Theory and Techniques. 2017. Techniques. and Theory

functional sites. REF: R Kalaivani, R Reema and and Reema R Kalaivani, R REF: sites. functional Physical and Mathematical Mathematical and Physical

years, more than 12,000 research papers have been been have papers research 12,000 than more years, other world class institutions, and the factors that that factors the and institutions, class world other Design Variants”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Microwave on Transactions IEEE Variants”, Design

of protein kinases from knowledge of known known of knowledge from kinases protein of

and conference proceedings (691). In the last five five last the In (691). proceedings conference and presentation also showed how IISc compares with with compares IISc how showed also presentation to expedite 3D Full- Wave MoM Solution for for Solution MoM Wave Full- 3D expedite to

the interaction sites on the surface of a class class a of surface the on sites interaction the

papers in leading peer- reviewed journals (1,771) (1,771) journals reviewed peer- leading in papers and many of the important papers published. His His published. papers important the of many and Gope. “Mesh Interpolated Krylov Recycling Method Method Recycling Krylov Interpolated “Mesh Gope.

use of a novel statistical technique to predict predict to technique statistical novel a of use

previous year, our faculty published 2,462 research research 2,462 published faculty our year, previous in the Institute: research, key decisions, projects projects decisions, key research, Institute: the in mechanics,” Acta Mat. 2017. Mat. Acta mechanics,” students. REF: G Chatterjee, A Das, SV Reddy and D D and Reddy SV Das, A Chatterjee, G REF: students.

aspects of cell functioning. The study makes makes study The functioning. cell of aspects

– both in terms of the quality and quantity. In the the In quantity. and quality the of terms in both – managed to communicate everything that goes on on goes that everything communicate to managed in metal polycrystals: Microstructural origins and and origins Microstructural polycrystals: metal in start-up, Simyog, started by Prof. Gope and his his and Gope Prof. by started Simyog, start-up,

3) Protein-protein interactions are crucial to all all to crucial are interactions Protein-protein 3)

In science, the currency of the latter is publications publications is latter the of currency the science, In presentation in which he packed so many slides and and slides many so packed he which in presentation Y Guo, K Viswanathan, S Chandrasekhar. “Folding “Folding Chandrasekhar. S Viswanathan, K Guo, Y researchers is the core technology behind a behind technology core the is researchers

students we graduate and the knowledge we generate. generate. we knowledge the and graduate we students I want to thank Prof. Anurag Kumar for his outstanding outstanding his for Kumar Anurag Prof. thank to want I ahead. Thank you! Thank ahead. design better tools. REF: NK Sundaram, A Mahato, Mahato, A Sundaram, NK REF: tools. better design environment. The techniques developed by these these by developed techniques The environment.

Trans-Himalaya.” Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 2017. Environ. Ecosys. Agric. Trans-Himalaya.”

The two most important outputs we produce are the the are produce we outputs important most two The

congratulate all of you and wish you a great year year great a you wish and you of all congratulate help us to better understand defect formation and and formation defect understand better to us help helping us better understand the electromagnetic electromagnetic the understand better us helping

sequestration in the grazing ecosystem of the the of ecosystem grazing the in sequestration Publications

Council and be amidst the distinguished people of IISc. of people distinguished the amidst be and Council way I can and work with Director and others. I I others. and Director with work and can I way a metal when being machined by a tool. This will will This tool. a by machined being when metal a with faster ways to compute these interactions, thus thus interactions, these compute to ways faster with

suppress soil microbes to influence carbon carbon influence to microbes soil suppress

a rare privilege to work with eminent people on the the on people eminent with work to privilege rare a President of the Court. I will help in whatever whatever in help will I Court. the of President 3) The study models the deformation process of of process deformation the models study The 3) interact with each other. The study has come up up come has study The other. each with interact

S Roy, A Maitra, and RS Sran. “Herbivores “Herbivores Sran. RS and Maitra, A Roy, S

and the Court for giving me this great honour. It is is It honour. great this me giving for Court the and it is a great honour to have been chosen as the the as chosen been have to honour great a is it come packed with many electronic components which which components electronic many with packed come more self-reliant. more

for the well-being of our planet. REF: S Bagchi, Bagchi, S REF: planet. our of well-being the for

First of all, let me express my gratitude to the Council Council the to gratitude my express me let all, of First On my part, I want to just say once again that that again once say just to want I part, my On 3) Complex systems like automobiles these days days these automobiles like systems Complex 3) Fluids. 2018. Fluids. increase this component of our funding and become become and funding our of component this increase

stored in the soil. This has important implications implications important has This soil. the in stored

a Model Gas Turbine Combustor,” Experiments in in Experiments Combustor,” Turbine Gas Model a We are experiencing pressure from the government to to government the from pressure experiencing are We

composition and thereby the amount of carbon carbon of amount the thereby and composition

members of the Court, and members of the faculty: the of members and Court, the of members next decade or two to take our country forward. country our take to two or decade next Experimental Study of Interacting Swirl Flows in in Flows Swirl Interacting of Study Experimental on Plasma Science. 2017. Science. Plasma on initiatives. Responsibility) Social (Corporate CSR or

widespread human activity – alters soil microbe microbe soil alters – activity human widespread

Dear Dr. Kasturirangan, Director Anurag Kumar, Kumar, Anurag Director Kasturirangan, Dr. Dear IISc has a very important role to play during the the during play to role important very a has IISc RB Vishwanath, PM Tilak and S Chaudhuri. “An “An Chaudhuri. S and Tilak PM Vishwanath, RB Based Pulse Power Crowbar Switch. IEEE Transactions Transactions IEEE Switch. Crowbar Power Pulse Based philanthropy, private amount), small very a is (which

2) Another study has shown how grazing – a a – grazing how shown has study Another 2)

low emission and efficient combustors. REF: REF: combustors. efficient and emission low John. “Performance Comparison of ETT- and LTT- and ETT- of Comparison “Performance John. tuition consultancy, agencies, governmental from

environment. This will be useful for designing designing for useful be will This environment. Research, Ahmedabad. REF: TG Subhash Joshi, V V Joshi, Subhash TG REF: Ahmedabad. Research, grants sponsored through either – efforts raising

SHRI. N. CHANDRASEKARAN N. SHRI. tuberculosis.” eLife. 2017. eLife. tuberculosis.”

the flame structure inside an actual gas turbine turbine gas actual an inside structure flame the IISc and is currently being used at Institute for Plasma Plasma for Institute at used being currently is and IISc fund our from came remaining The government.

Changes in Redox Physiology of Mycobacterium Mycobacterium of Physiology Redox in Changes

developed to capture the flow of the fuel and and fuel the of flow the capture to developed for microwave tube protection has been developed at at developed been has protection tube microwave for the from funding direct of form the in came year

Inhibitor Combination is Linked to WhiB4 Mediated Mediated WhiB4 to Linked is Combination Inhibitor

2) A novel imaging technique has been been has technique imaging novel A 2) 2) India’s first 10MW (10KV, 1KA) solid-state crowbar crowbar solid-state 1KA) (10KV, 10MW first India’s 2) last funding our of 55% about that noted be may It

PRESIDENT PRESIDENT PRESIDENT β- β- lactamase lactamase lactam\ of “Efficacy Singh. A and

Jha, A Mohan, RS Rajmani, V Nagaraja, N Chandra, Chandra, N Nagaraja, V Rajmani, RS Mohan, A Jha,

Annals of Glaciology. 2017. Glaciology. of Annals IEEE International Electron Device Meeting. 2016. Meeting. Device Electron International IEEE situation. the remedy to begin will

Mishra, P Shukla, A Bhaskar, Anand K, P Baloni, KR KR Baloni, P K, Anand Bhaskar, A Shukla, P Mishra,

western Himalaya. for the period 1984-2012”. 1984-2012”. period the for Himalaya. western Resistance Using Atomic Orbital Overlap Engineering.” Engineering.” Overlap Orbital Atomic Using Resistance we management, SID the into professionals industry

THE NEWLY APPOINTED APPOINTED APPOINTED NEWLY NEWLY THE THE

bacteria and how it can be inhibited. REF: S S REF: inhibited. be can it how and bacteria

of glacier mass balance for the Chandra basin, basin, Chandra the for balance mass glacier of “Record Low Metal – (CVD) Graphene Contact Contact Graphene (CVD) – Metal Low “Record of induction the with year, This years. several over flat

causes of antibiotic resistance in TB-causing TB-causing in resistance antibiotic of causes

Tawde, AV Kulkarni, G Bala (2017). “An estimate estimate “An (2017). Bala G Kulkarni, AV Tawde, A Mishra, S Raghavan, N Bhat and M Shrivastava, Shrivastava, M and Bhat N Raghavan, S Mishra, A quite been have industry the from and consultancy

growing problem. The study investigates the the investigates study The problem. growing

water scarcity in villages in the valley. REF: S S REF: valley. the in villages in scarcity water performance. REF: A Meersha, HB Variar, K Bharadwaj, Bharadwaj, K Variar, HB Meersha, A REF: performance. through raised funds the However, 2016-17. in crores 2. REMARKS BY BY BY REMARKS REMARKS 2. 2.

1) Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a a is (TB) tuberculosis Antibiotic-resistant 1)

at low altitudes, indicating the possibility of of possibility the indicating altitudes, low at has beaten its counterpart from IBM in terms of its its of terms in IBM from counterpart its beaten has 270 Rs. almost to crores 44.29 Rs. raised we when 05

Biological Sciences Biological

lost during 1982-2012, with 70% loss occurring occurring loss 70% with 1982-2012, during lost transistor to improve its efficacy. This transistor transistor This efficacy. its improve to transistor 2004- since 15% about by annually increased has This

c ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 REPORT ANNUAL c IIS

IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

were raised. Aerospace Engineering were fairly similar. The Tata Trusts for an imaging facility for the brain; and Mr. and some as grants for buildings (for example, a committee also said the faculty strength in some Kris and Mrs. Sudha Gopalakrishnan have given Rs 225 girls’ hostel is coming up on campus). Fundraising REVIEW OF ELECTRICAL groups was depleting. It also asked to consider crores over ten years, plus the building, for setting up is a very important activity now because the 4.RESEARCH building a relationship with ISRO on the lines a centre for brain research. government is requiring us more and more to SCIENCES DIVISION: of the relationship between Caltech and JPL. begin to raise our own resources, particularly for RECOMMENDATIONS AND A committee has been set up to look into this. Research Pacts with Technology capital expenditure. ACTIONS The Department has also started bringing in Giants CONTENTS SNAPSHOTS distinguished speakers from industry to increase Electrical Sciences normally is just one unit in most In the last couple of years, we have had several new Office of International Relations universities. In IISc, however, this faculty has been connect between the Department and industry. MoUs with Bosch India. Bosch India today is not only We have an Office of International Relations (OIR), split into four departments. The committee advised us supporting the Robert Bosch Centre, they are also which invites people from around the world, and to bring about greater cohesion between these four The review committee was very appreciative of supporting specific projects, including the Simyog arranges visits of foreign delegations. We go 1. Report of The Director to The Court of the institute departments. We have now renamed our division as the the long history of wind tunnels in our Institute. startup. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has signed an outside India a couple of times each year – these Division of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science They felt that some of the wind tunnels we have MoU with us to set up an innovation lab embedded in trips are also organised by OIR. We have several 2. Remarks by the newly appointed President Shri N. Chandrasekaran (EECS), which is the more common name across will have to be discarded, and the functioning of IISc. The GE Technology Centre in Bangalore has also MoUs with foreign industry and with academia the world. This we hope will bring people under one others should be improved. signed an MoU with us. and we have several fellowships set up by foreign umbrella. We are also forming thematic clusters across agencies in our Institute. About 78 international 3. Report from The Deans our division. The committee also recommended modernisation Challakere: Teaching the Teachers students came last year to either study here or to of the MTech curriculum and the need to attract As part of this outreach programme that we are visit IISc. 4. Research Snapshots better PhD students. We are looking closely at The committee also urged us to achieve active connect doing in our Challakere campus, high school teachers, with the ecosystem. They said that the faculty members both these recommendations. and now also college teachers, are being trained to 2017: THE YEAR OF REVIEWS 5. Awards and Distinctions conferred on members of the Faculty are working too much on problems which interest only become better teachers. Since it was established, Prof. I’m going to spend a few minutes on one common The year 2017 was a year of reviews. Let me tell them. They wanted researchers to reflect on whether MS Hegde has led a group of people who have trained theme in both the reviews – impact. Both the you what I mean by that. the problems that they have chosen are also important almost 11,000 school and college teachers. The college 6. Distinctions conferred on departments/centres committees felt that somehow our research was for the world and how much impact they make. The teachers’ programme is supported by the Ministry not having enough impact. So let us look at what it In January, the University Grants Commission committee felt that the Division must continue to of Human Resource Development under the Pandit means to aim for impact. (UGC) told us that we need to get a 12B certificate 7. Publications contribute in the way that they have been doing, but to Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers in order to continue receiving funding from them. also think about participating in national programmes. and Teaching. So we went through a UGC certification review. We We have begun to do in fields like artificial intelligence, have been certified, and the money again started 8. Patents cyber security, AIMING FOR IMPACT: coming.

DISCOVERY RESEARCH AND 9. Some notable Institute activities 5G programme of the Department of FUNDRAISING, ALUMNI In May last year, UGC reviewed us again. It was a Telecommunications, and the neuromorphic computing INNOVATION In the aftermath of WW II, a very important report CONNECT, AND INTERNATIONAL full-fledged institutional review to continue our programme funded by Kris Gopalakrishnan. deemed university status. was given by Vannevar Bush to the American OUTREACH Another recommendation from the committee was to Congress about how to fund research. The report was called “Science: The Endless Frontier”. And in Last year, we also took a decision, with the proactively recruit new faculty members rather than Publicity support and encouragement of the Council, to simply waiting for them to apply. So the Division is that report, Bush clearly separated basic research We publicize our work by publishing a quarterly begin a system of academic reviews. We have now going to start doing that: go to events overseas, from applied research. Basic research, he argued, magazine called Connect, and an annual magazine planned that, over a five-year period, we will advertise and also explore funding which will attract was more important to fund because its outcome called Kernel. Kernel is a smaller, more readable review all the departments in some sequence. The top talent. We would like to do something like that for feeds into applied research. So essentially there version of the Annual Report, which is usually heavy first volunteer for this review was the Electrical promising students too. was this dichotomy created between basic and applied research. and dense. This is sent to people around the country Sciences Division. All faculty members and and also to many foreign universities. IIScPress departments in this Division were reviewed. The Reorganising the MTech programme was another publishes books by authors from IISc and other Department of Aerospace Engineering, in its 75th recommendation. We have set up a committee to see if Now imagine a researcher who wants to do good universities. Right now, our co-publisher is Cambridge year, also chose to have an in-depth review. So we can coalesce the many MTech programmes we have. basic research, and also wants to have impact. If he works at the basic research end of University Press. We have a new series of booklets last year, the work of 110 faculty members in the brought out by the Archives and Publications Cell, Institute was reviewed – that’s about one- fourth The committee also recommended that we proactively the spectrum, he is having no impact. And vice which is a series based on the history of IISc. of our faculty. We hope to be able to have the engage with industry. So we are going to start versa. If he works somewhere in between, the reviewers would tell him that he is diluting your entire review cycle done in the next four more an industry affiliates programme, where industry years, and then we’ll repeat that cycle. can come, contribute some money each year and basic research. So what does this person do? Office of Alumni and Development Affairs participate in the research. We also had to undergo NAAC accreditation. Many In the late 1990s, Prof. Donald Stokes a social About three years back, we began a new office of the government programmes are linked to our scientist from Yale University simply bent the of development. The word “development” is the NAAC score, which is tied to some benefits. We straight line that extends from basic to applied American term for financial development, not civil have already filed our NAAC self-study report. We research. This provided a new perspective on how construction. The Office of Development and Alumni REVIEW OF AEROSPACE are waiting for NAAC to send an on-site review to view the relationship between basic and applied Affairs (ODAA) now raises money for us. Over the last committee. ENGINEERING: research. You could now have a person doing good three years, they have been able to raise Rs 186 crores applied research and also good basic research. from various sources – from donors and through CSR. RECOMMENDATIONS AND I want to give you a glimpse of what the review Essentially all it involves is bending the basic Some of the money is coming as endowments, chairs, ACTIONS research–applied research axis. committees said in the two academic reviews The recommendations for the Department of which took place, in the EECS Division and the

Aerospace Department, and in what way these

Pg 18 Pg 11 Pg 10 departments are going to address the issues that Pg 3

5492-7090-INDIAN INSTITUTE - CR 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job - 03/08/2019 - 16:38:40 - Process Cyan Magenta Yellow Black Process Process Process Process - - - - 16:38:40 16:38:40 16:38:40 16:38:40 - - - - 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 - - - - 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job CR CR CR CR - - - - INSTITUTE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN 2. REMARKS BY THE NEWLY APPOINTED PRESIDENT DR. N. CHANDRASEKHARAN

Pg 15 3. REPORT FROM THE DEANS

1. REPORT FROM THE DEANS OF 2. REPORT FROM THE DEAN, FACULTIES UG PROGRAMME Consequent to the previous meeting of the Court held on 16.03.2018, the following reports have been Report On The Bachelor Of furnished by the Deans of Faculties of Science and Science (Research) And Master Engineering: Of Science Programs ADMISSIONS The undergraduate program in science comprising During the year 2018-19, 995 (462 for PhD, 65 for about 500 bright young minds from across Integrated PhD, 60 for M.Tech (Res), country began in 2011. To date, it has seen four 298 for Master’s programs and 110 for Undergraduate batches of students graduate with a four-year Program) joined the Institute. Bachelor of Science (Research) degree and three • 72 regular + 2 foreign nationals + 1 ERP students batches of students graduate with a Master of admitted during mid-year admission Science degree. In the first four batches, roughly • 126 students belong to SC/ST (42 for PhD, 8 for 50% of the students in each batch opted to Integrated PhD, 58 for Master’s programs continue for a fifth year to pursue a Master of And 18 for Undergraduate programmes) Science program. • 20 students under External Registration Program • 235 female and 760 male students Career Paths Of Outgoing Students On Roll Students The total number of students on roll is 4118 (2385 Batch 2014 (4th batch): 44 students opted in PhD, 343 in Integrated PhD, 889 in Master’s to continue for the Master’s program. A total programmes and 501 in Undergraduate program). of 46 graduating Bachelor’s students secured • 560 students belong SC/ST (267 for PhD, 43 for Int. admission to Ph.D. and other programs. Some of PhD, 138 for Master’s programmes and 112 for the universities / institutions in which the students Undergraduate Program) secured admission include Harvard University, • 133 students under External Registration Program University of Connecticut, Maryland University, (ERP) University of Chicago, University of California • 1120 female and 2998 male students (Berkeley), JAIST, Utrecht University, University of Pennsylvania university of michigan, Cambridge University, IIT Bombay, Imperial College of London, Conferments Université Grenoble Alpes, Australia National A total of 959 degrees [414 PhD, 60 M.Sc. (Engg.), 33 University, and others. A couple of students took Integrated PhD, 243 MTech, 25 MDes, 16 MMgt, 103 up job placements. Bachelor Science (Research) / 65- Master of Science] were awarded during the calendar year 2018. Batch 2013 (3rd batch): More than 52 Master’s students graduated secured admission to Ph.D. Admissions And On Roll External and other programs. Universities/institutes Registration Programme in which these students secured admission: During the year 2018-19, 21 candidates joined under University of Texas-Dallas, University of Texas- the External Registration Programme (ERP) and there Austin, EPFL, Carnegie Mellon University, are now 134 such candidates at the Institute. University of Toronto, University of Colorado, The same is placed for consideration of the Court University of California-San Diego, Pittsburgh University, Wurzburg University, Max-Planck Institute – Halle University, RWTH Aachen, ICTS, IIA-Bangalore, IIM-Ahmedabad, IIM- Shillong IIT- Madras and others. One student took up a position as scientist in BARC.

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3. REPORT FROM THE DEANS

RECOGNITION A young team of undergraduate students from the institute won a gold medal for the second time at the International genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) contest held at Boston, USA from 25th – 28th October 2018. Over 316 teams from all over the world participated in the competition. Data On Past And Current Batches Of Students 2014: 44 students (Master’s); 2015: 107 students; 2016: 94 students; 2017: 98 students: 2018: 108 students.

Breakup of 2017 batch of students discipline- wise: Biology (22), Chemistry (7), Materials (19), Mathematics (12), and Physics (39).

Pg 17 4.RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS

Pg 18 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

DIVISION OF Biological Sciences RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS 201 8

ANNAPOORNI RANGARAJAN (MRDG)

The “stem cell theory” of cancer predicts that cancers originate in the normal, adult stem cells. To test this, Dr. Rangarajan’s group introduced various oncogenes into stem/ progenitor cells of normal breast tissue cultured as floating ‘mammospheres’. A specific “oncogene combination” converted these cells into tumorigenic cells. Interestingly, a significant sub-population of these transformed cells harbored CSCs that initiated new tumors in test animals. Furthermore, gene expression analyses revealed striking similarities between the mammosphere-derived tumors generated within laboratory mice and naturally-arising breast adenocarcinomas encountered in the clinic. This lent early evidence to the provocative notion that solid tumors may originate in adult stem cells. Further, this laboratory-generated breast “cancer stem cell line” also offers a unique system for deciphering the mechanisms of self-renewal in CSCs, and drug-screening.

Pg 19 DEEPAK SAINI (MRDG)

Inflammation, characterized by pain, heat and swelling, is the body’s response to harmful conditions such as infection and cellular damage. Through inflammation, the body ensures the removal of pathogens, dead cells and regeneration of damaged tissue. However, when the inflammation persists for years permanent tissue damage and even cancer can occur. It has also been found that older individuals have higher levels of inflammation that can persist to chronic levels. Towards understanding aging and inflammation, Dr. Deepak Saini’s lab focuses on a class of receptors known as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their roles in the cascade of events which occur when cells grow old aka ‘aged’. In a recent study, his group found the mechanism which enhances inflammation when cells undergo DNA damage. Interestingly, they have found that the same mechanism is responsible for increased inflammation during ageing.

Reference: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41514-018-0028-0 (pdf version)

N CHANDRA (BC)

Levels of immunity to a given strain of H1N1 influenza virus can vary in different people, influencing its spread. Accounting for such variations is a major challenge for the epidemiology of infectious diseases. Real world data is used to estimate susceptibility of individuals in a population, and is a first attempt at understanding how heterogeneity in susceptibility determines disease spread in populations. The results show that larger genetic diversity, leading to the presence of susceptibility sub-populations, protects against the spread of influenza; and populations with a small number of highly susceptible individuals should exhibit smaller outbreaks.

Reference: Sambaturu, Narmada, et al. “Role of genetic heterogeneity in determining the epidemiological severity of H1N1 influenza.” PLoS computational biology 14.3 (2018): e1006069.

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SANDEEP M ESWARAPPA (BC)

About 1 billion years ago, in a single-celled ancestor of all animals, a gene fusion of two tRNA synthetases formed the bifunctional enzyme, glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase (EPRS). This enzyme ligates amino acids glutamic acid and proline with their cognate tRNAs which is vital for protein synthesis (or translation) in all living organisms. We propose here that a confluence of metabolic, biochemical, and environmental factors contributed to the specific fusion of glutamyl- (ERS) and prolyl- (PRS) tRNA synthetases. To test this idea we developed a mathematical model that centers on the precursor-product relationship of amino acids glutamic acid and proline, as well as metabolic constraints on free glutamic acid availability near the time of the fusion event. Our findings indicate that proline content increased in the proteome during the emergence of animals, thereby increasing demand for free proline.

Reference: Eswarappa SM, Potdar AA, Sahoo S, Sankar S. and Fox PL. (2018) Metabolic origin of the fused aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase. J. Biol. Chem. (in press, Editor’s Pick)

SUPRATIM RAY (CNS)

How do the brain signals change when one sees a green jackfruit versus a red tomato? We studied such questions by recording signals from the primary visual cortex of monkeys while they were shown various natural images. To our surprise, we found that there were strong oscillations in the recorded signals at frequencies in the range 30-80 Hz whenever reddish images were shown. These findings provide new insights about the generation of gamma oscillations and processing of colour in the brain.

Reference: Vinay Shirhatti and Supratim Ray (2018). Long-wavelength (reddish) hues induce unusually large gamma oscillations in the primate primary visual cortex. PNAS, April 9, 2018. 201717334; https://doi. org/10.1073/pnas.1717334115

Pg 21 SANDHYA VISWESWARIAH (MRDG), RAHUL ROY (CE), K GANAPATHY AYAPPA (CE)

Certain bacteria produce a class of toxins that poke nanometer-sized holes into animal and human cells. This often results in cells dying. There are a number of steps that occur before a protein forms a pore on a cell membrane. These include binding of the toxin as individual molecules to the membrane, finding other toxin molecules by moving around on the membrane, after which they can start forming ring-like structures by interacting with each other, and finally puncturing a hole in the membrane. An interdisciplinary team from the Centre of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and the Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics at IISc came together to address this outstanding problem for a pore-forming toxin called Cytolysin A (ClyA) released by the bacteria E. Coli.

References: P. Sathyanarayana, R. Desikan, G. Ayappa and S. S. Visweswariah, “The Solvent-Exposed C-Terminus of the Cytolysin A Pore-Forming Toxin Directs Pore Formation and Channel Function in Membranes”, Biochemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00593 S Banerjee, S Maurya and R Roy, “Single-molecule fluorescence imaging: generating insights into molecular interactions in virology” J Biosciences, DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9769-y P Sathyanarayana, S Maurya, ABehera, M Ravichandran, SS Visweswariah, KG Ayappa, and R Roy, “Cholesterol promotes Cytolysin A activity by stabilizing the intermediates during pore formation” PNAS (USA), https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721228115

VISHWESHA GUTTAL (CES)

Flocks of starlings, herds of wildebeest, schools of fish, swarms of locusts, colonies of ants, bees and wasps – these examples of sociality are among the most intriguing phenomena in the natural world. It is not surprising, therefore, that the question of why organisms live in groups has attracted a lot of research attention, and today, we have fairly nuanced and in- depth answers to this question. However, our current understanding of sociality comes almost entirely from an intraspecific context, i.e. based on groups of individuals of the same species. We know comparatively little about heterospecific sociality, i.e. social groups or associations among individuals of multiple species.

Hari Sridhar and Vishwesha Guttal from the Centre for Ecological Sciences, survey and synthesise documented examples of heterospecific sociality in the wild, and propose a conceptual framework to understand how organisms decide whether to group with individuals of their own species (conspecifics) or of a different species (heterospecifics).

Reference: Hari Sridhar and Vishwesha Guttal, 2018, Friendship across species borders: factors that facilitate and constrain heterospecific sociality, Phil. Trans. Royal Society of London B, 373: 20170014.

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MARIA THAKER (CES)

Wind energy is undoubtedly a safer alternative to fossil fuels, but their ecological consequences are becoming apparent. Over the last few years, we (Maria Thaker from the Centre for Ecological Sciences, and her project students, Amod Zambre and Harshal Bhosale) have been studying the impact of wind-farms on a plateau in the Western Ghats. Like many others, we find that wind farms reduce the abundance of birds, but this has very interesting consequences for the lizards that are their prey. Free of predation pressure, densities of fan-throated lizards were significantly higher in the presence of wind turbines; but their hormonal stress levels, anti-predator behavior, body condition, and even colours were also affected. We conclude that wind-farms have cascading indirect effects on lizards, driven by a combination of predator release and density-dependent competition. These effects are akin to a trophic cascade with wind farms at the top of the food chain.

Reference: Thaker M, Zambre A and Bhosale H. 2018. Wind farms have cascading impacts on ecosystems across trophic levels. Nature Ecology and Evolution. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0707-z

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Pg 24 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

DIVISION OF Chemical Sciences RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS 201 8

ABHISHEK SINGH (MRC)

The application of machine learning (ML) to develop structural and functional materials is relatively new, however, has great potential to accelerate the discovery of materials for a desired application. A foremost requirement in designing predictive models is the availability of high quality scientific data in the form of shared materials databases. Continuous update and establishment of new databases are crucial for targeted applications. In this regard, Materials Theory and Simulations Group at Materials Research Centre has developed an open-access online repository of functional materials. The database is called aNANt and hosts the structures and electronic properties of more than 10000 functionalized MXene. It is expected to grow to host 25000 functionalized MXene within few months. Using information from this database, we have recently developed a ML model to predict the accurate band gap of functionalized MXene.

Reference: Rajan, A. C.; Mishra, A.; Satsangi, S.; Vaish, R.; Mizuseki, H.; Lee, K. R.; Singh, A. K. Chem. Mater.2018 In press.

ANSHU PANDEY (SSCU)

Artificial photosynthesis is a very promising idea, since it can directly help capture atmospheric carbon dioxide and convert to a fuel or an industrial feedstock. While extensive efforts have been made towards electrically assisted CO2 reduction, exclusively photocatalytic reduction remains in a relatively nascent state. In this work we have designed and prepared CuAlS2/ZnS quantum dots that can reduce aqueous bicarbonate ions to formate under visible light. We are able to get high turnover numbers (>7×〖10〖^4 molecules of sodium formate produced per quantum dot) and also solar to chemical energy conversion efficiencies as high as 20%. This efficiency is roughly 100 times greater than what is typically achieved in natural photosynthesis.

Reference: Bhattacharyya, B.; Simlandy, A. K.; Chakraborty, A.; Rajasekar, G. P.; Aetukuri, N. B.; Mukherjee, S.; Pandey, A. Efficient Photosynthesis of Organics from Aqueous Bicarbonate Ions by Quantum Dots Using Visible Light. ACS Energy Lett. 2018, 3, 1508-1514

Pg 25 D D SARMA (SSCU)

Any ferroelectric material is potentially an efficient solar energy converter. Unfortunately, all known ferroelectric materials have large band gaps with little overlap with the solar spectrum and therefore, poor ability to absorb and convert sunlight to electricity. We recently discovered an efficient way to reduce the band gap of a classical ferroelectric material, BaTiO3, without compromising its ferroelectric polarization significantly with the help of a charge-neutral dipole doping of Mn3+-Nb5+ pair replacing two Ti4+ ions.

Reference: Shyamashis Das, Somnath Ghara, Priya Mahadevan, A. Sundaresan, J. Gopalakrishnan, and D. D. Sarma; Designing a Lower Band Gap Bulk Ferroelectric Material with a Sizable Polarization at Room Temperature ACS Energy Lett. 2018, 3, pp 1176–1182; (DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00492)

G. MUGESH (IPC)

For decades, scientists have used fluorescent probes to detect molecules, monitor cellular activity and deliver drugs inside cells. Probes based on a compound called naphthalimide are especially popular because they can easily be made in large quantities and their fluorescence can be tweaked by changing their constituent atoms. But they are usually absorbed by cells only in small quantities, which hampers their effectiveness. In addition, little is known about how they cross the cell membrane to reach inside.

In a new study, researchers from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have figured out a way to boost the cellular uptake of such fluorescent probes. They found that simply replacing two hydrogen atoms with iodine in their structure dramatically increases the amount transported into mammalian cells — up to 98%.

Reference: The Remarkable Effect of Halogen Substitution on the Membrane Transport of Fluorescent Molecules in Living Cells, published in AngewandteChemie International Edition, May 2018.https:// onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.201804128

Pg 26 PRABEER BARPANDA (MRC)

‘Building better batteries’ remains an ongoing process to cater diverse energy demands starting from small-scale consumer electronics to large-scale automobiles and grid-storage. While Li-ion batteries have carried this burden over the last three decades, the ever-growing and highly diverse applications (based on size, energy-density and stationary vs. mobile usages) have led to an era of ‘beyond lithium-ion batteries’. In this post- lithium-battery genre, sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) have emerged as a pragmatic option particularly for large-scale applications. Our current work focuses on the world of mixed polyanionic cathode materials to realize the next generation sodium-ion batteries with high energy density.

Reference:: P. Barpanda et al, Adv. Energy Mater, 8(27), 1703055, 2018.

ABHISHEK SINGH (MRC)

Gallium, with its rich low-temperature phase diagram, is a liquid metal at room temperature and displays impressive potential for use as a 2D material. Theoretical and experimental investigation by groups of A. K. Singh at IISc and P. M. Ajayan at Rice University, USA introduce a new approach for realization of thin 2D sheets of gallium, called as “gallenene”.

Reference: Kochat*, A. Samanta*, Y. Zhang, S. Bhowmick, P. Manimunda, S. A. S. Asif, A. Stender, R. Vajtai, A. K. Singh, C. S. Tiwary, P. M. Ajayan, Atomically thin gallium layers from solid-melt exfoliation Science Advances , 4, e1701373 (2018).

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Pg 28 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 DIVISION OF

• The functional significance of SUMOylation and for field diagnosis in rural parts of Karnataka by the SUMO-E3 ligase subunit of the Smc5/6 complex was animal husbandry department. uncovered by creation of putative non-SUMOylatable Electricalvariants. • Novel isoselenazoles that have the potential to be used as therapeutic agents for disorders mediated by • In the area of chromosomal translocation an in vitro reactive oxygen species were synthesized. cell-free assay system was established to investigate Sciencesa sub pathway of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) • A cage like tetra-facial molecular barrel (Pd8) was known as micro homology mediated end joining designed and synthesized. In clinical research, this is RESEARCH(MMEJ) which is critical in SNAPSHOTSmitochondrial DNA repair. 201one 8of the important breakthroughs in terms of drug Several small molecule inhibitors were synthesized delivery. that can be used as potential cancer therapeutic agents. Endosulfan, a pesticide used widely in India, induced maximal damage on testes and resulted in IMMUNOBIOLOGY male infertility. • Glycodelin A (GdA) plays an immunomodulatory role • Control of mRNA fate decisions affects many cellular by regulating the ARPITAcytolytic PATRA activity (CSA)of CD8+ T cells in processes. The issue was addressed by focusing on nude mice. interactions among RNA-binding proteins with RGG- The problem of Byzantine motifs that facilitate the functional transitions of • A region of the HCVAgreement E2 protein (BA) was is of identified interest toas the mRNA. neutralizing epitopeboth using distributed monoclonal computing antibodies and and patient sera. cryptography community. Following • Five genes were identified whose mRNAs undergo well-known results from the translational read through in endothelial cells. The • A novel responsedistributed of Interferon-gamma computing literature, includes goal is to understand endothelial cell function and inducing aggregationBA in of the adherent asynchronous peritoneal network cells angiogenesis regulation at the level of translation during Salmonellasetting typhimurium encounters infection inevitable in mice. non- under various pathophysiological conditions. termination issues. The impasse is overcome via randomization that allows construction of BA• HLA-Fprotocols is induced in two flavorsby the neurotropic of termination virus, guarantee Japanese – with overwhelming probability and with probability one. Theencephalitis latter type virus. termed This as was almost-surely blocked by inhibitors terminating BIOLOGYBAs are OF the CHAPERONES focus of this work. An eluding problem in the domainof NFκ ofB activationalmost-surely and terminatinglentivirus-mediated BAs is achieving stable a constant expected running time. Our work makes progressknockdown in this direction. of NFκ B. • Diagnostic methods were developed for screening variousReference: protozoan https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/394 infections including Surra, • Curcumin prevents experimental cerebral malaria in Theileriosis and Babesiosis. These are currently used a mouse model.

SANTANU MAHAPATRA (DESE)

In the semiconductor industry, there is FACT FILE IN NUMBERSdemand for a modeling framework that enables systematic performance evaluation Established 1921 78 Academicof new Staff materials at device and circuit levels. We propose an ‘atom-to-circuit’ Phone +91-80-2293 2473 84 PhD studentsmodeling framework for all-2D MISFET Fax +91-80-2360 0814 15 PhD students(Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field- Effect Transistor). It bridges between first-principle based material modeling tools and industry standard circuit Emailsimulators [email protected] and facilitates seamless design flow from 2D materials10 PhD to Conferments integrated circuits. URL http://biochem.iisc.ernet.in 3 Int PhD Conferments

DegreeReference: Programs Biswapriyo Offered Das and PhD Santanu and Int.Mahapatra, PhD “An Atom-to-Circuit111 Publications modeling approach to all-2D Metal- Insulator Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors”, npj 2D Materials and Applications, Nature publication group, 2018, DOI:10.1038/s41699-018-0073-3

Pg 29 Pg 29 MAYANK SHRIVASTAVA 3.1.2 (DESE)

BIOCHEMISTRYImproved non-planar transistor device designs like Fin Field Effect transistors (FinFETs) are the most promising candidates for ultra large scale integration. In this work, the researchers studied the mechanisms behind electrostatic Currentdischarge (ESD), Research Latch-Up and Hot Carrier reliability in FinFET devices, which led to invention of special ESD protection techniques and high voltage concepts enhancing the reliability limits of FinFET technology. They PROTEINS,proposed a hybridNATURAL contact PRODUCTS and junction AND engineered scheme, enablingT-lymphocyte ESD robust (CTL) protection response to devices influenza as well H1N1 METABOLICas reliable core ENGINEERING functional devices in FinFET technology. genomes was studied using bioinformatics methods. The work presents a novel conceptual framework •Reference: Non-structural http://msdlab.dese.iisc.ac.in/ protein (NSm) of Groundnut Bud towards understanding how genetic heterogeneity Necrosis Virus (GBNV) participates in cell to cell influences disease susceptibility in individuals and in movement and spread of the virus. populations.

• The zinc finger transcription factor Mxr1p of the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris functions as a DNA REPAIR, GENOMIC STABILITY AND RNA global regulator of multiple metabolic pathways. TRANSACTIONS

• Mismatch repair helicase, UvrD is important for the • RecBCD enzyme complex is an example of a process of homologous DNA recombination in the sequence-regulated, DNA-processing machine. Mycobacterium tuberculosis RecD was shown to gonorrhoea-causing pathogen, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. SANTANU MAHAPATRA inhibit DNA strand exchange promoted by RecA and Helicobacter pylori Topoisomerase (HpTopoI) (DESE) participates in natural transformation. structural studies on M. tuberculosis RecA uncovered molecular plasticity and interspecies variability. New • The anticancer compounds, vincristine and telomerase inhibitors were also synthesized that vinblastine were purified in large amounts from could stabilize human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA. endophytic fungi isolated from various tissues of Catharanthus roseus and their cytotoxic activity was • RAD51 paralogs regulate DNA damage responses demonstrated in different human cancer cell lines. and maintain genome integrityTwo dimensional of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. materials are • The effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) being explored genotype heterogeneity on possible cytotoxic extensively for possible applications in next-generation lithium-ion battery anode due to their large surface-to-mass ratio. We investigate lithium ion binding on rhenium disulphide (ReS2) by first-principles based calculations. The unique atomistic modeling technique proposed in this work is generalized enough for the realistic estimation of reversible lithium ion storage capacity of any new material.

Reference:Core Arnab Research Kabiraj and Santanu Mahapatra,“High-throughput first-principles-calculations based estimation of lithium ion storage in monolayer rhenium disulfide”, Communications Chemistry, Nature publishing group,Proteins, 2018. DOI:10.1038/s42004-018-0082-3 natural products and metabolic engineering; DNA repair, Genomic stability and RNA transactions; Biology of chaperones; Immunobiology.

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Pg 31 Pg 32 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 DIVISION OF Interdisciplinary Research RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS 201 8

A GHOSH (CeNSE)

Magnetic nanomotors contain ferromagnetic materials, such that small magnetic fields can be used to maneuver and localize them in fluidic or gel-like environments. The research by IISc scientists demonstrates how the application of a microwave-synthesized ferrite layer on these nanomotors renders them suitable as magnetic hyperthermia agents, as demonstrated by their cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. A crucial advantage is their scalability which would allow large scale production, taking us a step closer to the vision of a swarm of fantastic nano-voyagers deployed in human patients.

Reference: P.L. Venugopalan, S. Jain. S.A. Shivashankar and A.Ghosh, Single coating of zinc ferrite renders magnetic nanomotors therapeutic and stable against agglomeration, Nanoscale, 10, 2327-2332, (2018).

R VENKATESH BABU (CDS)

In recent years, multiple innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning has led to the ubiquitous presence of brain-inspired neural networks in many real life applications. From robotic automation, to enhancing your ‘selfies’, there are a plethora of tasks performed by neural networks. Crucially, deep neural networks are also employed in making critical decisions in applications such as medical diagnostics. Due to the omnipresence of neural networks, an important question to ask is, ‘How reliable are they?’. In this research, we present an approach to craft a small, imperceptible noise, which, when added to the network’s input, can completely decimate it’s discriminative ability, and in essence ‘fool’ the network.

Reference: Mopuri Reddy, Aditya Ganeshan and R. Venkatesh Babu, “Generalizable Data-free Objective for Crafting Universal Adversarial Perturbations”, accepted in IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI), 2018.

Pg 33 R VENKATESH BABU (CDS)

Common parlour games have been used to design game engines that mimic human- like game moves. This research introduces the first computational model aimed at Pictionary, a popular word-guessing game, which is characterized by a relaxed cooperative game-play where players use speech/lexical and visual modalities, asynchronous turn-taking, and a high-level notion of what constitutes a ‘win’. The Video Analytics Lab in CDS designed a deep network-based approach to model human guessing enabling characterization of realistic, possibly suboptimal, human actions which arise in Pictionary, and has the potential ability to encode non-trivial human behaviour and mimic human responses.

Reference: Ravi Kiran Sarvadevabhatla, Shiv Surya, Trisha Mittal, R. Venkatesh Babu, “Pictionary-style word-guessing on hand-drawn object sketches: dataset, analysis and deep network models” accepted in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI), 2018.

SATHISH VADHIYAR (CDS)

Efficient processing of large-scale graph applications on heterogeneous CPU- GPU systems requires effectively harnessing of the combined power of both the CPU and GPU devices. Finding minimum spanning tree (MST) is an important graph application and is used in different domains. In this research, a multi-node multi-device algorithm is proposed for MST, MND-MST). algorithm exhibits almost linear scalability for large size graphs and shows that the use of GPUs result in up to 23% improvement in performance over multi-node CPU-only performance.

Reference: Rintu Panja, Sathish Vadhiyar: MND-MST: A Multi-Node Multi-Device Parallel Boruvka’s MST Algorithm. ICPP 2018: 20:1-20:10.

Pg 34 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 DIVISION OF Mechanical Sciences RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS 201 8

S N OMKAR (AE)

This drone surveillance system has been mainly developed to identify violent activities by individuals in large public areas. The system does so by first spotting each human in the image frame. Next, SATHISH VADHIYAR (CDS) the body posture of each human is estimated which is then used to make a determination if two people are involved in violent activity.

RAJEEV RANJAN (ME)

The interesting properties of the class of ceramic materials called “ferroelectric -perovskites” have been used in wide ranging applications such as SONAR, ultrasound imaging, focusing of mirrors in space telescopes, heath monitoring of structures, automobile industry, etc. These materials produce voltage on being stressed and can change shape on application of electric-field. The latter phenomenon is known as electrostrain. The larger the electrostrain, the better the material can perform. Most piezoelectric ceramics exhibits electrostrain in the range ~ 0.2 -0.3 %.

For the first time, we demonstrate that ceramic, which is very easy to make, less time and energy consuming than that required for making of a single crystal, can show electrostrain greater than 1 %. We achieved an electrostrain of 1.3 % by compositional design of the material system BiFeO3-PbTiO3-LaFeO3.

Reference: Narayan et. al., Nature Materials, 17, (2018) 427-431

Pg 35 PRAVEEN RAMAMURTHY (ME) AND D R MAHAPATRA (AE)

Nano-scale patterns such as those found on the exterior surface of the eyes of certain nocturnal insects have implications in optoelectronic device design. This team of researchers has theoretically proved and experimentally demonstrated a novel moldable biomimetic nanoscale optoelectronic platform for simultaneous enhancement in optical absorption and charge transport in organic solar cells. Overall this work demonstrates a combination of tweaked biomimetic design and the use of unconventional robust structural materials as nanostructured optoelectronic substrates.

Reference: Krishnaswamy Jagdish, Kavita Garg, Ramamurthy Praveen, Roy Mahapatra D, Hegde Gopalkrishna, “Moldable biomimetic nanoscale optoelectronic platforms for simultaneous enhancement in optical absorption and charge transport”, Nanoscale (RSC) (2018) http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7NR09015C

B SREENIVASAN (CEaS)

The magnetic fields of many planets are approximately axial dipoles. To understand why the dipole is preferred, the evolution in time of a seed magnetic field is studied using a rotating dynamo model. It is shown that the growing magnetic field by itself excites helical convection over a range of length scales within the dynamo region [figure (a)]. The time scale for the growth in convection intensity roughly coincides with the time scale for the formation of the dipole [figure (b)]. It is also shown that the dipole forms from a chaotic state well before the eventual saturation of the magnetic field, implying that a planetary dynamo would have chosen its dominant polarity during its growth phase, i.e. during the early life of the planet.

Reference: • B. Sreenivasan& S. Kar, Scale dependence of kinetic helicity and selection of the axial dipole in rapidly rotating dynamos, Phys. Rev. Fluids, 3, 093801, 2018.

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RAMANANDA CHAKRABARTI (CEaS)

Large fluxes of dissolved cations and anions, generated by the weathering of rocks, are transported by rivers to the oceans. In addition to rivers, groundwater also carries these ions to the oceans. However, the contribution of the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to the dissolved ion concentrations of the oceans is debated as it is not easily traceable in seawater due to mixing.

In a study published in the journal Scientific Reports of the Nature Publishing Group, Dr.Ramananda Chakrabarti, Surajit Mondal, and Dr. Shiba Shankar Acharya from the Centre for Earth Sciences along with J. SreeLekha and Prof. Debasis Sengupta from the Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, IISc, have provided a direct evidence of the SGD-driven flux of Strontium (Sr) to the Bay of Bengal (BoB).

Reference: Chakrabarti, R., Mondal, S., Acharya, S. S., Lekha, J. S., & Sengupta, D. (2018). Submarine groundwater discharge derived strontium from the Bengal Basin traced in Bay of Bengal water samples. Scientific reports, 8(1), 4383.

SAMBUDDHA MISRA (CEaS)

Nearly 40% of the total CO2 emitted from burning of fossil fuel is absorbed by seawater and the deep-ocean contains nine times more dissolved CO2 than the atmosphere. Microscopic carbonate-secreting organisms living in seawater, like coccoliths and foraminifera (shown in the figure), incorporates trace quantities of dissolved elements from seawater into their calcium carbonate shells. This research discovered that the isotopic composition of lithium, ratio of 7Li to 6Li, trapped within the calcium carbonate lattice is strongly correlated with pH of the organism’s growth environment. This result can be used as a new proxy for seawater pH to accurately determine the timing, rate, and extent of natural and anthropogenic alteration of the CO2 budget of the ocean-atmosphere system.

Reference: Bohlin, M.S., Misra, S., Lloyd, N., Elderfield, H. and Bickle, M.J., 2018. High〖precision determination of lithium and magnesium isotopes utilising single column separation and multi〖collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 32(2), pp.93-104.

Pg 37 KAUSHIK CHATTERJEE (ME)

Metallic implants are used to replace dysfunctional bone joints (hip and knee) in patients suffering from osteoarthritis. The alloys used at present (316L, Ti-6Al-4V, Co-Cr-Mo), are stiffer compared to human bone and contain elements such as Al, V, Ni that have potential cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, they lack the necessary ability to bond with the surrounding bone (termed as osseointegration) or in other words are not bioactive. This has led to the development of new alloys that are less stiff, non-toxic and bioactive compared to existing alloys. In our work, we have developed a new high strength low modulus (less stiff) nontoxic 〖 Ti-Nb-Sn alloy for joint applications. Subsequently, we have employed a facile yet innovative approach to improve the ability of the alloy to bond with the bone. In this approach, the surface of the alloy is severely deformed by impact of hardened steel balls moving randomly in space at high speed. This process that is used to deform the alloy surface is known as surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT).

Reference: S. Bahl, S.R.K. Meka, S. Suwas, K. Chatterjee, Surface Severe Plastic Deformation of an OrthopedicTi– Nb–Sn Alloy Induces Unusual Precipitate Remodeling and Supports Stem Cell Osteogenesis through AktSignaling, ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 4(9) (2018) 3132-3142.

GS BHAT (CAOS)

Mesoscale systems (MCS) are cloud clusters that extend to tens to hundreds of kilometres. Embedded within the mesoscale, there are groups of cumulonimbus clouds, or storms, with typical sizes of the order of 10 kms. This study establishes the interconnection between MCS’s and storms over India during the 2013 monsoon season. The authors used Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) data of summer monsoon low pressure systems.

Reference: Sindhu K.D. and Bhat G.S. (2018): Characteristics of monsoonal precipitating cloud systems over the Indian subcontinent derived from weather radar data. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc; 1–19.

Pg 38 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

G HEGDE (BSSE), KPJ REDDY (AE), D ROY (CIE), R VASU (IAP)

A major requirement in optical flow visualization for quantitative aerodynamic studies of hypersonic flows is a high speed camera, capable of capturing a

few million frames per second of the flow fields. The IISc team of researchers have designed a low cost wavefront measuring camera that can detect both the amplitude and phase of the captured light wave simultaneously.

Figure: (a) Captured l image of the flow field using the developed wavefront camera. Cropped ROI image is processed for vertical density gradients. (c) recovered wavefront d) Recovered 3D-density distribution

Reference: Biswajit Medhi, Gopalkrishna Hegde, K.P.J Reddy, Debasish Roy, and R. Vasu, “A novel wavefront measuring camera for quantitative measurement of density in high-speed gas flows”. Rev. Sci. Inst. 89, 085122 (2018).

Pg 39 Pg 40 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 DIVISION OF Physical and Mathematical Sciences RESEARCH SNAPSHOTS 201 8

G MOHAN RAO (IAP)

Novel tree like carbon nanostructures are grown by using ECR plasma CVD process with Hydrogen and acetylene in 1:3 ratio on a nickel coated silicon substrate. It consists of a central multiwall carbon nanotube with branches of crystalline carbon. The dimensions of the central spine and branches could be controlled by process parameter control. These structures are superhydrophobic, with a water contact angle of 1650. This material, which can be grown in any type of substrate in one step with super-hydrophobic as well as non-sticking properties with ideal Cassie mode of wetting, is a new direction in the field of super-hydrophobic nanostructures with two level roughness.

Reference: M. Ghosh, G. Mohan Rao , Carbon 133 (2018) 239-248

SANJIV SAMBANDAN (IAP)

Open circuit failure resistant interconnect is a key technology that would enable reliable flexible electronic circuits. Using a dispersion of conductive particles in an insulating fluid, researchers discuss the physics and engineering behind self-healing interconnects where repair is automatically triggered upon the occurrence of an open fault. Heals having metallic conductivity and nearly plastic stretchability are demonstrated. This work promises high speed, self-healing and stretchable interconnects thereby improving system reliability.

Reference: Amit Kumar, Virendra Parab, Arindan Handu, Li Ding, Pushkaraj Joshi, Chen Jiang, and Sanjiv Sambandan, Self-healing Interconnects with Nearly Plastic Stretching of Repairs, Phys. Rev. Applied 11, 014057 (2019)

Pg 41 ABHA MISRA (IAP)

Microsupercapacitors (MSC) store energy with higher power density than batteries. Reducing MSC size effectively without losing efficiency is a major challenge. A simple spray deposition technique is developed, whereby MSCs can be printed on any substrate. These MSCs can be recharged with higher frequency than usual batteries and have longer life, with possible applications in flexible electronic displays.

Reference: Flexible Array of Microsupercapacitor for Additive Energy Storage Performance Over a Large Area, http://iap.iisc.ac.in/~abha/

MANISH JAIN (PHY)

Ultraflatbands in twisted bilayers of two- dimensional materials have potential to host strong correlations, including the Mott- insulating phase at half-filling of the band. Using first principles density functional theory calculations, we show the emergence of ultraflatbands at the valence band edge in twisted bilayer MoS2, a prototypical transition metal dichalcogenide. The moiré pattern also undergoes a structural transformation, leading to the formation of shear-strain solitons at stacking domain boundaries.

Reference: Mit H. Naik and Manish Jain, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 266401 (2018)

Pg 42 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

JAYDEEP KUMAR BASU (PHY)

We have reported the first direct determination of the size of these nanoscale regions in model raft-forming

biomembranes using super- resolution stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy coupled with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The methodology establishes a new nano-biotechnological protocol which could be useful in preventing their cytotoxic effects.

Reference: Nirod Kumar Sarangi and Jaydeep K Basu, Pathways for creation and annihilation of nanoscale biomembrane domains reveal alpha and beta-toxin nanopore formation processes, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 20, 29116, 2018.

PRABAL K. MAITI (PHY)

State-of-the-art DNA nanotechnology was used to mimic the function of naturally occurring transmembrane biological nanopore.

Using the analysis of several atomistic MD simulations in explicit solution, a novel mechanism was proposed to account for the stability of self- assembled DNA nanopore protruding into the lipid bilayer membrane (A). The atoms of lipid headgroups rearrange themselves into a toroidal shape around the DNA nanopore (B). The DNA-based transmembrane ion-channel demonstrates Ohmic characteristics for different ionic conditions (C) when subjected to a constant electric filed simulation.

Reference: H. Joshi and P.K. Maiti, Nucleic Acid Research, 46 (5), 2234–2242, 2018.

Pg 43 SUMILAN BANERJEE (PHY)

Some of the most interesting phenomena in condensed matter occur in high-temperature superconductors and heavy fermions, arising from a parent non-Fermi- liquid background. These often elude a clear theoretical description. Here, the authors develop a model that provides a route to describe non-Fermi liquids realized in condensed matter systems.

Reference: Arijit Haldar, Sumilan Banerjee, and Vijay B. Shenoy (2018), Higher-dimensional Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev non-Fermi liquids at Lifshitz transitions, Phys. Rev. B 97, 241106(R)

Pg 44 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

5.AWARDS AND DISTINCTIONS CONFERRED ON MEMBERS OF

THE FACULTY

Pg 45 NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS Prof. Nagasuma R Chandra BC Fellow, Indian Academy of Sciences Dr. N. Ganesh BC Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for the year 2018, in Biological Sciences. Dr. Sandeep M Eswarappa BC Herbert Tabor Young Investigator Award-2019 Prof. R. Sukumar CES Lead Author, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Second Lead Author meeting for ‘Climate Change and Land: an IPCC Special Report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial eco system’. Dr. T.V. Ramachandra CES Member, Karnataka State Wetlands Authority Member, Independent Commission (Belandur Lake Rejuvenation Status), National Green Tribunal (NGT), Delhi Bench. Member, Advisory Committee, Project-Biosorption by Fungi, The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, GOI. Karnataka State Parisara Award 2017-18 AEE, USA: Asia Subcontinent Region Energy Engineer, 2018 Member, Expert Committee (curriculum design), Karnataka State Rural Development and Panchayath Raj University, Gadag. Member, Technical Committee – Rejuvena-tion of Bellandur and Varthur Lakes. Member, Technical Committee, Tumkur Smart City Limited. Dr. Maria Thaker CES Priti Shanker Best Teacher Award for Assistant Professors Prof. Avadesha Surolia MBU Awarded SERB Fellowship by SERB, Govt. of India Prof. N. Srinivasan MBU Inducted into the Scientific Advisory Committee of IBAB, Bangalore Dr. Ashok Sekhar MBU Ramanujan Fellow, SERB, GOI Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Intermediate Career Fellowship, 2018. Prof. Manju Bansal MBU G N Ramachandran Lecture Award at FAOMB-IUMB, Seoul, Korea. Member, Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of ICMR, 2018-21. Prof. Dipankar Chatterji MBU Honorary D.Sc. Degree from Jadavpur University, 2018. Prof. Sandhya Visweswariah MRDG Fellow of The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) 2018 Prof. Arun Kumar MRDG Editorial Board Member, Scientific Reports (npg) Dr. Srimonta Gayen MRDG Ramalingaswami re-entry fellowship from Department of Biotechnology. Prof. E. Arunan IPC International Advisory Board Member for the new “International Conference on Non-Covalent Interaction” Section Editor, Chemistry, ‘Current Science’ from 2018 Dr. Atanu Bhattacharya IPC Editorial Board Member, Electronic Structure (an Institute of Physics – Journal) Dr. K. Geetharani IPC Young Associate (2018-21), Indian Academy of Sciences

Pg 46 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS Prof. G. Mugesh IPC Silver Medal from Chemical Research Society of India, Bangalore. Prof. Bikramjit Basu MRC Global Ambassador award, American Ceramic Society; Chartered Engineer (CEng.), Engineering Council, UK; Distinguished Alumnus, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Durgapur, India; Fellow, Institute of Materials, UK. Prof. Abhishek Singh MRC Associate Editor Journal of Physics: Materials, IOP Publication; Dr. Prabeer Barpanda MRC Early Career Travel Grant- 2018, The Electrochemical Society (ECS), USA; MOPGA Global Exchange Fellowship-2018, Campus France, France. Dr. Subinoy Rana MRC Editorial Board member, Biosensor (MDPI publication) Prof. Santanu Mukherjee OC Member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal or Organic Chemistry (2018-2020) Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, London (FRSC) Prof. Akkattu T. Biju OC Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI) Bronze Medal. Bhagyatara Award for the year 2017 (Panjab University). Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) Prof. Gautam R Desiraju SSCU Doctor of Sciences honoris causa by The Rayalaseema University, Kurnool ISA Medal for Science 2018 - University of Bologna, Italy Prof. D.D. Sarma SSCU Eminent Visiting Fellow of Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (April 2018-March 2023) Foundation Day Lecture, INST Mohali, March 2018 Physics Colloquium, Panjab University, March 2018 Senior Editor, ACS Energy Letters, April 2018 Prof. Aninda J Bhattacharyya SSCU A.V. Rama Rao Foundation Prize Lecture in Chemistry 2018 delivered at JNCASR, Bengaluru Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India. Prof. Biman Bagchi SSCU Distinguished Visiting Professor, IIT-Bombay (2018-20) S N Bose 125th year Distinguished Bose Lecture, S N Bose Centre (2018) Prof. Jayant Haritsa CSA 2018 IEEE CS Fellows Evaluation Committee Prof. Uday Kumar Reddy CSA Most Influential Paper Award at the International Conference on Programming Languages Design and Implementation (PLDI-2018). Prof. R.C. Hansdah CSA Best Paper Award at the 32nd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA-2018). Prof. Neelesh B. Mehta ECE Appointed as a Member of the IEEE ComSoc Awards Committee for three years from 2018 to 2021 Appointed as Co-Chair of the Membership Development Committee of the Asia Pacific Board of IEEE ComSoc. Prof. Anurag Kumar ECE G M Modi Award for Innovative Science and Technology, 2018. NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS

Pg 47 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS Prof. G.Bharadwaj Mugesh Amrutur IPCECE SilverAbdul MedalKalam fromTechnology Chemical Innovation Research National Society Fellowshipof India, Bangalore.2018. Prof. BikramjitChandra RBasu Murthy MRCECE GlobalYoung FacultyAmbassador Research award, Fellowship American from Ceramic Ministry Society; of CharteredElectronics Engineer & Information (CEng.), Technology, Engineering Govt. Council, of India. UK; DistinguishedSatish Dhawan Alumnus, State Award National for Engineering Institute of Research.Technology (NIT), Durgapur, India; Fellow, Institute of Materials, UK. Dr. Aditya Gopalan ECE Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship. Prof. Abhishek Singh MRC Associate Editor Journal of Physics: Materials, IOP Dr. Parimal Parag & Dr. Himanshu ECE Co-authors of the best paper award - winning paper at the Publication; Tyagi International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT-2018). Dr. Prabeer Barpanda MRC Early Career Travel Grant- 2018, The Electrochemical Society Prof. P. Vijay Kumar ECE ACCS-CDAC Foundation Award, 2018. (ECS), USA; MOPGA Global Exchange Fellowship-2018, Dr. Mayank Shrivastava DESE CampusAssociate France, of Indian France. Academy of Science (IASc) Dr.Prof. Subinoy Navakanta Rana Bhat MRCCeNSE EditorialInfosys Prize Board 2018, member, Fellow Biosensor IEEE, Nina (MDPI Saxena publication) Technology Excellence Award, NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Prof. Santanu Mukherjee OC Member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal or Award, BIRAC Innovator Award Organic Chemistry (2018-2020) Prof. Rudra Pratap CeNSE IEEE Sensors Council Distinguished Lecturer Award (Dec Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, London (FRSC) 2018) Prof. Akkattu T. Biju OC Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI) Bronze Medal. Prof. Supradeepa CeNSE Young Associate, Indian Academy of Sciences, Associate BhagyataraEditor of Optics Award Express for the year 2017 (Panjab University). Prof. Ambarish Ghosh CeNSE Editor-in-Chief,Shanti Swarup BhatnagarJournal of (SSB)Heterocyclic Prize 2018 Chemistry Prof. Srinivasan Raghavan CeNSE FellowFellowship of the INAE Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) Prof.Dr. Shashi Gautam Jain R Desiraju SSCUMS DoctorG C Surana of Sciences Interdisciplinary honoris causa award, by Surana The Rayalaseema Educational University,Institutions, Kurnool Bangalore Prof. M.H. Balasubrahmanya ISA Medal for Science 2018 - University of Bologna, Italy Prof. D.D. Sarma SSCUMS EminentEditorial VisitingAdvisory Fellow Board of of Indian International Association Journal for theof CultivationEntrepreneurial of Science Behaviour (April and 2018-March Research 2023) FoundationMember, Editorial Day Lecture, Advisory INST Board Mohali, of Aarthica March 2018 Charche Prof. K.B. Akhilesh MS PhysicsGusi Peace Colloquium, Prize for Panjab2018, Philippines University, March 2018 Dr. M. Ramachandra Bhat AE SeniorMember, Editor, Editorial ACS Board Energy of Letters, the Journal April of 2018 Aerospace Prof. Aninda J Bhattacharyya SSCU A.V.Sciences Rama & Rao Technologies Prof. Ranjan Ganguli AE FoundationFellow, National Prize Academy Lecture inof ChemistrySciences, India. 2018 delivered at Prof. S.K. Satheesh CAOS JNCASR,Infosys Prize Bengaluru in Physical Sciences by the Infosys Science Fellow,Foundation, National Academy of Sciences, India. Prof. BimanKusala BagchiRajendran SSCUCEaS DistinguishedThe First National Visiting Award Professor, for Women IIT-Bombay Scientist (2018-20) for Ocean SSciences N Bose and125th Technology year Distinguished and Atmospheric Bose Lecture, Sciences S N Bose CentreTechnology (2018) by The Union Ministry of Earth Sciences Prof. JayantRamanand Haritsa Chakrabarti CSACEaS 2018DST Swarnajayathi IEEE CS Fellows Fellowship Evaluation 2018 Committee Prof. Prof. Uday P. Anbazhagan Kumar Reddy CSACiE MostAdvisory Influential Board, CMRPaper Institute Award atof theTechnology International Conference onNominated Programming in the LanguagesInternational Design Technical and Implementation Committee for (PLDI-2018).Ground Property Characterization (2018-2021), International Prof. R.C. Hansdah CSA BestSociety Paper for AwardSoil Mechanics at the 32nd and IEEE Geotechnical International Engineering Conference onJudge Advanced in Clean Information Tech Competition, Networking Centre and for Applications Science (AINA-2018).Teaching and Learning, Rockville Centre New York, Global Prof. Neelesh B. Mehta ECE AppointedSTEM (Science, as a MemberTechnology, of the Engineering, IEEE ComSoc and Awards Math) Prof. T.G. Sitharam CiE CommitteeMember of Governingfor three years Council from of 2018NHCE, to New 2021 Horizon College Appointedof Engineering as Co-Chair of the Membership Development CommitteeMember, Executive of the Asia Committee Pacific ofBoard All Indiaof IEEE Council ComSoc. for Prof. Anurag Kumar ECE GTechnical M Modi AwardEducation for Innovative(AICTE) Science and Technology, 2018.Nominated/ Invited member to Engineering Faculty of NAME DEPT AWARDSBangalore /University, HONOURS Jnana Bharati Governing Council of Dr. Babasheb Ambedkar Marathavada Vidyapeeth University, Pg 47 NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS

Pg 48 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS Prof. G. Mugesh IPC SilverThe Editor-in-chief, Medal from Chemical Springer Research Transactions Society in Civil of India, and Bangalore.Environmental Engineering Prof. BikramjitAshish Verma Basu MRCCiE GlobalEditor, AmbassadorJournal Transport award, Policy, American Elsevier Ceramic Society; CharteredMember, Shri Engineer Vaishnav (CEng.), Vidyapeeth Engineering Vishwavidyalaya, Council, UK; the DistinguishedMember of SVVV Alumnus, (Mechanical, National Civil Institute and Textile of Technology Engineering) (NIT),of the Durgapur,University India; Fellow, Institute of Materials, UK. Prof. Abhishek Singh MRC AssociateThe Member Editor of “Karnataka Journal of StatePhysics: Task Materials, Force on IOP Mobility” Publication; The Member of SPA Bhopal and Karnataka Task Force. Dr. Prabeer Barpanda MRC Early Career Travel Grant- 2018, The Electrochemical Society Dr. Abdul Rawoof Pinjari CiE Member of the Competent Authority of the Institute of (ECS), USA; MOPGA Global Exchange Fellowship-2018, South Florida Campus France, France. Prof. Monto Mani CST Awarded the “Best Faculty of the Year” by the Computer Dr. Subinoy Rana MRC Editorial Board member, Biosensor (MDPI publication) Society of India (Mumbai Chapter) Prof. Santanu Mukherjee OC Member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal or Cambridge-Hamied Visiting Fellowship, Univ. of Cambridge Organic Chemistry (2018-2020) Prof. Pradip Dutta ME President, Indian Society for Heat and Mass Transfer Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, London (FRSC) (ISHMT) Prof. Akkattu T. Biju OC Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI) Bronze Medal. Member, Scientific Council, International Centre for Heat and BhagyataraMass Transfer Award for the year 2017 (Panjab University). Prof. Saptarshi Basu ME Editor-in-Chief,Fellow, American Journal Society of of Heterocyclic Mechanical ChemistryEngineers (ASME) FellowAssociate of the Fellowship, Royal Society West Bengalof Chemistry Academy (FRSC) of Science and Prof. Gautam R Desiraju SSCU DoctorTechnology of Sciences honoris causa by The Rayalaseema Prof. G.K. Ananthasuresh ME University,Abdul Kalam Kurnool Technology Innovation National Fellowship ISAgiven Medal by INAE for Scienceand DST 2018 - University of Bologna, Italy Prof.R.V. Ravikrishna D.D. Sarma SSCUME EminentPratt and Visiting Whitney Fellow Chair of Professorship Indian Association at IISc. for the Prof. Rohini M. Godbole CHEP CultivationChosen as an of outstandingScience (April referee 2018-March by ApS 2023) for the year 2018 FoundationMember of theDay High Lecture, Energy INST Physics Mohali, Advisory March 2018 Panel CHEPAD Physicsof the USA Colloquium, Panjab University, March 2018 SeniorJ C Bose Editor, Fellowship ACS Energy from Sept Letters, 2018-November April 2018 2020 Prof. Aninda J Bhattacharyya SSCU A.V.Van Ramader Waals Rao Professor at University of Amsterdam Prof. Justin R. David CHEP FoundationAssociate Editor, Prize TheLecture European in Chemistry Physical 2018 Journal delivered C (EPJ at C). JNCASR,He is on the Bengaluru Editorial Board of ‘Current Science’ Prof. Aninda Sinha CHEP Fellow,Editorial National board member Academy for of New Sciences, Journal India. of Physics Prof. BimanGadadhar Bagchi Misra SSCUMA DistinguishedElected as one Visiting of the Vice-Presidents Professor, IIT-Bombay of the Indian(2018-20) National SScience N Bose Academy 125th year Distinguished Bose Lecture, S N Bose Prof. Govindan Rangarajan MA CentreHonoured (2018) with the Distinguished Alumnus Award, Birla Prof. Jayant Haritsa CSA 2018Institute IEEE of CS Technology Fellows Evaluation & Science, Committee Pilani Prof.Dr. Vamsi Uday Pritham Kumar ReddyPingali CSAMA MostSelected Influential for the JuniorPaper AssociateshipAward at the International of ICTP Conference Prof. Thirupathi Gudi MA onINRIA-Paris Programming Invited Languages Professor Design and Implementation Dr. Apoorva Khare MA (PLDI-2018).Ramanujan Fellow Prof.Dr. R. R.C.Venkatesh Hansdah CSAMA BestYoung Paper Associate Award of at the the Indian 32nd AcademyIEEE International of Sciences Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Prof. Rahul Pandit PHY Chair of the C3 Commission (Statistical Physics) of the (AINA-2018). International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) Prof. Neelesh B. Mehta ECE Appointed as a Member of the IEEE ComSoc Awards Vice-President of the International Union of Pure and Committee for three years from 2018 to 2021 Applied Physics (IUPAP) Appointed as Co-Chair of the Membership Development Prof. Sriram Ramaswamy PHY Mayent Rothschild – Institut Curie Award Committee of the Asia Pacific Board of IEEE ComSoc. DSc honoris cause (honorary degree), Coochbehar Prof. Anurag Kumar ECE G M Modi Award for Innovative Science and Technology, Panchanan Barma University, West Bengal 2018. NAME DEPT AWARDS / HONOURS

Pg 47

Pg 49 6.DISTINCTIONS CONFERRED ON DEPARTMENTS/ CENTRES

Pg 50 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

Centre for Sustainable Technology Lexus Design Award India 2019 in the Open Category for our Product CleaneRAT: Smart and Portable, Sewer Maintenance and De-clogging Robot. Commendation letter from the selection committee of the 2018 IEEE William R. Cherry Awards Committee on impressive academic achievements, under the IEEE Electron Devices Society Executive Office, April 2018.

Physics Department of Physics is the chosen by MHRD as the National Resource Center for Physics for annual orientation program for higher education faculty under SWAYAM.

Mathematics The Department of Mathematics has been approved by UGC for continuation from Centre for Advanced Studies CAS) Phase I to Phase II (for a period of five years starting from April 1, 2018)

Pg 51 7. PUBLICATIONS

Pg 52 The publications data given below has been sourced from the Scopus database for the Calendar year 2018. The difference in the total numbers, division-wise and department-wise, is due to several publications being co-authored by multiple faculty members in different departments and is an indication of a healthy inter-departmental collaborative environment in the institute.

DIVISION-WISE DATA

Division Journal Articles Conference Proceedings Book Chapters Total Biological Sciences 280 4 8 292 Chemical Sciences 449 4 1 454 Electrical Sciences 156 269 1 426 Interdisciplinary 173 89 1 263 Research Mechanical Sciences 528 104 9 641 Physical & 467 49 6 522 Mathematical Sciences Autonomous 3 0 0 3 Society/centre Total 2056 519 26 2601

DEPARTMENT-WISE DATA

Department Journal Conference Book Total Articles Proceedings Chapters Biochemistry (BC) 62 0 2 64 Central Animal Facility (CAF) 4 0 0 4 Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES) 67 2 1 70 Centre for Infectious Disease Research (CIDR) 9 0 0 9

Centre for Neuroscience (CNS) 18 1 0 19 Microbiology and Cell Biology (MCB) 68 0 1 69 Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU) 81 0 1 82 Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics (MRDG) 35 0 3 38 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry (IPC) 140 0 1 141 Materials Research Centre (MRC) 129 8 0 137 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Research Centre (NRC) 24 0 0 24 Organic Chemistry (OC) 73 0 0 73 Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit (SSCU) 124 1 0 125 Computer Science and Automation (CSA) 30 52 0 82 Electrical Communication Engineering (ECE) 81 79 0 160 Electrical Engineering (EE) 43 110 0 153

Pg 53 Electronic Systems Engineering (ESE) 27 30 0 57 Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation & 13 0 0 13 Urban Planning (CiSTUP) Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering (BSSE) 50 2 2 54 Centre for Contemporary Studies (CCS) DST Centre for 3 0 0 3 Policy Res Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE) 127 54 0 181 Department of Computational and Data Sciences (CDS) 17 22 1 40 Department of Management Studies (MS) 8 4 1 13 Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research (ICER) 22 6 0 28 Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR) 18 0 0 18 Robert Bosch Centre for Cyber Physical Systems (RBCCPS) 11 3 0 14 Supercomputer Education and Research Centre (SERC) 3 13 0 16 Aerospace Engineering (AE) 98 48 5 151 Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) 36 2 0 38 Centre for Earth Sciences (CEaS) 35 0 0 35 Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing (CPDM) 8 18 0 26 Centre for Sustainable Technologies (CST) 21 3 0 24 Chemical Engineering (CE) 56 0 1 57 Civil Engineering (CiE) 98 8 1 107 Divecha Centre for Climate Change (DCCC) 34 3 0 37 Materials Engineering (Mat. Eng.) 203 14 1 218 Mechanical Engineering (ME) 80 7 2 89 Astronomy and Astrophysics Programme (AAP) 8 0 0 8 Centre for Cryogenic Technology (CCT) 5 4 0 9 Centre for High Energy Physics (CHEP) 33 3 1 37 Instrumentation and Applied Physics (IAP) 57 19 2 78 Mathematics (MA) 66 3 1 70 Physics (PHY) 323 27 2 352 Society for Innovation and Development (SID) 4 0 0 4 Centre for Brain Research (CBR) 6 0 0 6 TOTAL 2458 546 29 3033

Pg 54 8.PATENTS

Pg 55 Pg 56 Pg 57 9. SOME NOTABLE INSTITUTE ACTIVITIES

Pg 58 Notable Visitors and Lectures

There were more than 80 visitors to the institute during 2018. Some notable visitors and their lectures are given below.

M.J. Thirumalachar & M.J. Narasimhan Memorial Lecture on “Gene Therapy: It Works” by Prof. Inder Verma, Irwin & Joan Jacobs Chair in Exemplary Life Science, American Cancer Society., Professor of Molecular Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA on 9th January 2018.

M.J. Thirumalachar & M.J. Narasimhan Memorial Lecture on “The cryo revolution in structural biology” by Dr. Richard Henderson Nobel Laureate 2017 Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK on 23rd January 2018.

Professor Richard Henderson Nobel Laureate 2017 Chemistry, in the faculty hall

Prof. A Srikirshna Memorial Lecture - 2018 on “Molecular Complexity and Diversity from Aromatics: Concept, Strategy and Reality” by Dr Vishwakarma Singh, Mumbai on 5th February 2018.

Golden Jubilee Lecture on “Financial Crises: Why they occur and what to do about them” by Prof. Eric Maskin, Adams University, Professor, Harvard University (Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences, 2007) on 26th February 2018.

IISC Centenary Lecture on “Cycles of Invention and Discovery: Rethinking the Endless Frontier” by Prof. Venkatesh Narayanamurti Benjamin Peirce Research Professor of Technology and Public

Pg 59 Policy, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA on 21st March 2018.

Sri Vithal N Chandavarkar Memorial Lecture on “Asian Geopolitics today” by Ambassador Nirupa Rao, New Delhi on 6th June 2018.

Sir C V Raman Memorial Lecture on “The disorder created by entropy is in the mind” by Prof. Daan Frenkel, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, UK on 4th September 2018. IISc-SID Business Leader Lecture on “Translation of Science into Products and Businesses in the Life Sciences Sector” by Dr. Ganesh Kishore Austin on 28th November 2018.

M Ct M Chidambaram Chettiyar Memorial Lecture on “The Making of a New India” by Dr. Bibek Debroy New Delhi on 24th November 2018.

“IISc - Infosys Science Foundation Lecture on “Computational Insights into the Role of Micro-RNAs in Cancer” by Prof. Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay Kolkata on 3rd December 2018.

Professor Eric Maskin, Nobel Laureate Economic Sciences 2007, in the Faculty Hall

Pg 60 TECHNOLOGIES TRANSFERRED / ENTREPRENEURSHIP ACTIVITIES

MBU: Method for the identification of seed sequences for enzyme engineering – Hitech Biosynthesis Pvt Ltd (Prof. B Gopal)

RBCCPS: An Indian patent has been filed by Dr. Ashish Joglekar (MTS) for an “Online I-V Tracer for per string monitoring and maintenance of PV panels”. The I-V Tracer has been deployed at Quadsun Solar, Gurgaon in their 100 kW solar plant for further field testing. Licensing negotiations with Quadsun Solar have started.

An Indian patent has been filed by Dr. Ashish Joglekar for a “Smart switch with fail safe fallback”. The smart switch is being taken up as a commercial product offered by our startup in the energy sector Urjalinks.

A team led by Prof Shalabh Bhatnagar, Prof Bharadwaj Amrutur, Prof Ashitava Ghoshal and Dr. Shishir N.Y. Kolathaya (INSPIRE Faculty) have developed a custom-built four-legged robot (quadruped) called “Stoch”. The main goal is to explore deep-reinforcement learning algorithms

to achieve a wide variety of walking behaviours. The team is now starting to develop the next version of the quadruped, Stoch 2.0, and patenting/licensing options will be explored.

RBCCPS is embarking on an ambitious program in Autonomous Systems and Robotics, with a special emphasis on Drones. About 30 faculties are participating. A drone research park is being setup. A team led by Prof Debasish Ghose is participating in the prestigious drones competition MBZIRC 2020 in collaboration with TCS.

CST: 1) Energy efficient devices such as ASTRA Ole (cook stoves, Bath water stoves) and Agro- processing devices disseminated to Villages near IISc-Challakere campus, Kadur. Kunigal, Sirsi villages (Karnataka), Waynad (Kerala) and Mal Bazar Siliguri (West Bengal)

2) A Do-It-Yourself (DIY) smart solar-based lighting for rural sanitation - Roshini has been developed to educate youth on smart sensors (motion and light sensors), photovoltaics, battery storage, basics of electronics and to eventually promote safe sanitation and hygiene in villages. The entire kit re-appropriates urban waste (plastics bottles, end-of-life PV and Li-ion batteries) into new products for smart lighting in rural and urban households.

Openwater.in, a startup by Prof. Sanjiv Sambandan, Associate Professor, IAP, won the ABInBev grant. Openwater.in will build a high throughput trial run for ABInBev at Pune.

Pg 61 ME:

G.K. ANANTHASURESH Mimyk, which has developed an endoscopy simulation platform, was a result of a PhD thesis in the M2D2 laboratory in collaboration with Prof. Vijay Natarajan of the Computer Science and Automation (CSA) department in IISc. A PhD student from this lab and another from CSA co-founded Mimyk along with two other IISc personnel.

SAPTARSHI BASU (1) Founder and Director of startup BNG Spray Solutions Pvt. Ltd. which has developed a high-temperature burner for furnace oils for steel and oil industries. (2) Co-axial-effervescent hybrid atomizer for scramjet engine. (3) Laser based system for studying adsorption kinetics of adsorbent and adsorbate pair.

R.N. GOVARDHAN & JAYWANT H ARAKERI Involved as part of the leadership team of a start-up Aptner Mechatronics Pvt. Ltd. to develop portable cooling devices for use in helmets. The first developed product is being sold in the retail market under the brand BluSnap (https://bluarmorhelmets.com/) and further products are being planned.

PRAMOD KUMAR The group is in active interaction with both the Government and public sector undertakings as well as private companies for technology transfer. A number of MoU’s have been signed with Gas Authority of India (GAIL), Triveni Turbines Ltd (TTL), Tata Consulting Engineers (TCE), Indian Navy, etc. Currently, the group is actively engaged with Triveni Turbines to develop the country’s first supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) turbine-compressor power block. GAIL and the Indian Navy are actively supporting the technology development and have expressed interest to adopt the technology once demonstrated. The Indian Navy expressed interest to develop and implement a suitable T-CO2 based cooling solution for the engine rooms using the technology and knowhow developed by IISc with productization plan from its industry collaborators.

R.V. RAVIKRISHNA Advisory Board member of a very successful startup incubated in IISc, namely Bellatrix Aerospace. He is currently guiding them on developing technologies for small natural gas-fired rocket thrusters. The proposed technology is planned to be scaled up in association with this startup.

IAP: Openwater.in, a startup by Prof. Sanjiv Sambandan, Associate Professor, IAP, won the ABInBev grant. Openwater.in will build a high throughput trial run for ABInBev at Pune.

PHY: The following entrepreneurship activity has been started by Prof. V. Venkataraman, Department of Physics, during the calendar year 2018: Name of the company: Invitrosense Private Limited & Registration date: January 2018 Type of Business: Manufacture of speciality reagents for medical diagnostics IP Licensed from IISc: Formulation and Process for the manufacture of TMB chromogenic substrate used for ELISA and other immunological applications.

Pg 62 NEW EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES

A large number of equipments have been bought and facilities set up in the institute in various department and centres. Below we report only those that cost more than INR 50 Lakhs.

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Flow Cytometer Facility (BC); Confocal Microscope Facility (BC); 3T Siemens Prisma MRI system (CNS); Cryo EM facility (MBU); 10 Teraflop DST – ECR HPC facility (MBU); Cryo EM facility (MCB); 10 Teraflop DST – ECR HPC facility (MCB)

CHEMICAL SCIENCES Asylum Cypher-ES Scanning Probe Microscope (SSCU); Waters Xevo Q-ToF Mass spectrometer (OC).

INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH TIRF/Spinning Disk Confocal microscope (BSSE); Advanced Optical Fiber Processing Unit (Large-diameter fiber splicing, cleaving and recoating) - (CeNSE); CMP Tribo Chemical Mehanical Polishing System (Logitech) - (CeNSE) ; Digital Droplet/Aerosol Microdispensing system (MicroFab) - (CeNSE); A NVIDIA DGX-1 machine for artificial intelligence and deep learning based research (SERC)

MECHANICAL SCIENCES Bi-Axial Fatigue testing Machine: Used for testing large size (1m *1m) concrete specimens under static and non-proportional fatigue loading (CiE)

PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES Dilution fridge unit with specified cooling power, optimized He3/He4 mixture, vector split magnet, bottom/ top loading unit with optical fibre (PHY).

Pg 63 Pg 64 IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

Pg 65

4 - FRONT - 4

Pg 63 Pg 62 Pg 55 Pg 54 Pg

and other immunological applications. immunological other and

IP Licensed from IISc: Formulation and Process for the manufacture of TMB chromogenic substrate used for ELISA ELISA for used substrate chromogenic TMB of manufacture the for Process and Formulation IISc: from Licensed IP

Type of Business: Manufacture of speciality reagents for medical diagnostics medical for reagents speciality of Manufacture Business: of Type

Name of the company: Invitrosense Private Limited & Registration date: January 2018 January date: Registration & Limited Private Invitrosense company: the of Name

during the calendar year 2018: 2018: year calendar the during

PATENTS

8. PHY: PHY: The following entrepreneurship activity has been started by Prof. V. Venkataraman, Department of Physics, Physics, of Department Venkataraman, V. Prof. by started been has activity entrepreneurship following The

3033 29 546 2458 TOTAL

6 0 0 6 (CBR) Research Brain for Centre Openwater.in will build a high throughput trial run for ABInBev at Pune. at ABInBev for run trial throughput high a build will Openwater.in

IAP: IAP: 4 0 0 4 (SID) Development and Innovation for Society Openwater.in, a startup by Prof. Sanjiv Sambandan, Associate Professor, IAP, won the ABInBev grant. grant. ABInBev the won IAP, Professor, Associate Sambandan, Sanjiv Prof. by startup a Openwater.in,

352 2 27 323 (PHY) Physics

70 1 3 66 (MA) Mathematics

78 2 19 57 (IAP) Physics Applied and Instrumentation

37 1 3 33 (CHEP) Physics Energy High for Centre

planned to be scaled up in association with this startup. this with association in up scaled be to planned

guiding them on developing technologies for small natural gas-fired rocket thrusters. The proposed technology is is technology proposed The thrusters. rocket gas-fired natural small for technologies developing on them guiding 9 0 4 5 (CCT) Technology Cryogenic for Centre

Advisory Board member of a very successful startup incubated in IISc, namely Bellatrix Aerospace. He is currently currently is He Aerospace. Bellatrix namely IISc, in incubated startup successful very a of member Board Advisory

8 0 0 8 (AAP) Programme Astrophysics and Astronomy

R.V. RAVIKRISHNA R.V.

89 2 7 80 (ME) Engineering Mechanical

218 1 14 203 Eng.) (Mat. Engineering Materials productization plan from its industry collaborators. industry its from plan productization

top loading unit with optical fibre (PHY). fibre optical with unit loading top T-CO2 based cooling solution for the engine rooms using the technology and knowhow developed by IISc with with IISc by developed knowhow and technology the using rooms engine the for solution cooling based T-CO2 37 0 3 34 (DCCC) Change Climate for Centre Divecha

Dilution fridge unit with specified cooling power, optimized He3/He4 mixture, vector split magnet, bottom/ magnet, split vector mixture, He3/He4 optimized power, cooling specified with unit fridge Dilution the technology once demonstrated. The Indian Navy expressed interest to develop and implement a suitable suitable a implement and develop to interest expressed Navy Indian The demonstrated. once technology the

107 1 8 98 (CiE) Engineering Civil

PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL and the Indian Navy are actively supporting the technology development and have expressed interest to adopt adopt to interest expressed have and development technology the supporting actively are Navy Indian the and

57 1 0 56 (CE) Engineering Chemical

Triveni Turbines to develop the country’s first supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) turbine-compressor power block. GAIL GAIL block. power turbine-compressor (s-CO2) CO2 supercritical first country’s the develop to Turbines Triveni

24 0 3 21 (CST) Technologies Sustainable for Centre non-proportional fatigue loading (CiE) loading fatigue non-proportional Turbines Ltd (TTL), Tata Consulting Engineers (TCE), Indian Navy, etc. Currently, the group is actively engaged with with engaged actively is group the Currently, etc. Navy, Indian (TCE), Engineers Consulting Tata (TTL), Ltd Turbines

Bi-Axial Fatigue testing Machine: Used for testing large size (1m *1m) concrete specimens under static and and static under specimens concrete *1m) (1m size large testing for Used Machine: testing Fatigue Bi-Axial companies for technology transfer. A number of MoU’s have been signed with Gas Authority of India (GAIL), Triveni Triveni (GAIL), India of Authority Gas with signed been have MoU’s of number A transfer. technology for companies 26 0 18 8 (CPDM) Manufacturing and Design Product for Centre

MECHANICAL SCIENCES MECHANICAL The group is in active interaction with both the Government and public sector undertakings as well as private private as well as undertakings sector public and Government the both with interaction active in is group The

35 0 0 35 (CEaS) Sciences Earth for Centre

PRAMOD KUMAR PRAMOD

38 0 2 36 (CAOS) Sciences Oceanic and Atmospheric for Centre

artificial intelligence and deep learning based research (SERC) research based learning deep and intelligence artificial

151 5 48 98 (AE) Engineering Aerospace - (CeNSE) ; Digital Droplet/Aerosol Microdispensing system (MicroFab) - (CeNSE); A NVIDIA DGX-1 machine for for machine DGX-1 NVIDIA A (CeNSE); - (MicroFab) system Microdispensing Droplet/Aerosol Digital ; (CeNSE) - (https://bluarmorhelmets.com/) and further products are being planned. being are products further and (https://bluarmorhelmets.com/)

fiber splicing, cleaving and recoating) - (CeNSE); CMP Tribo Chemical Mehanical Polishing System (Logitech) (Logitech) System Polishing Mehanical Chemical Tribo CMP (CeNSE); - recoating) and cleaving splicing, fiber devices for use in helmets. The first developed product is being sold in the retail market under the brand BluSnap BluSnap brand the under market retail the in sold being is product developed first The helmets. in use for devices

16 0 13 3 (SERC) Centre Research and Education Supercomputer

TIRF/Spinning Disk Confocal microscope (BSSE); Advanced Optical Fiber Processing Unit (Large-diameter (Large-diameter Unit Processing Fiber Optical Advanced (BSSE); microscope Confocal Disk TIRF/Spinning Involved as part of the leadership team of a start-up Aptner Mechatronics Pvt. Ltd. to develop portable cooling cooling portable develop to Ltd. Pvt. Mechatronics Aptner start-up a of team leadership the of part as Involved

14 0 3 11 (RBCCPS) Systems Physical Cyber for Centre Bosch Robert

RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY R.N. GOVARDHAN & JAYWANT H ARAKERI ARAKERI H JAYWANT & GOVARDHAN R.N.

18 0 0 18 (ICWaR) Research Water for Centre Interdisciplinary

Asylum Cypher-ES Scanning Probe Microscope (SSCU); Waters Xevo Q-ToF Mass spectrometer (OC). spectrometer Mass Q-ToF Xevo Waters (SSCU); Microscope Probe Scanning Cypher-ES Asylum (3) Laser based system for studying adsorption kinetics of adsorbent and adsorbate pair. adsorbate and adsorbent of kinetics adsorption studying for system based Laser (3) 28 0 6 22 (ICER) Research Energy for Centre Interdisciplinary

CHEMICAL SCIENCES CHEMICAL (2) Co-axial-effervescent hybrid atomizer for scramjet engine. scramjet for atomizer hybrid Co-axial-effervescent (2)

13 1 4 8 (MS) Studies Management of Department

for furnace oils for steel and oil industries. oil and steel for oils furnace for

40 1 22 17 (CDS) Sciences Data and Computational of Department

HPC facility (MCB) facility HPC burner high-temperature a developed has which Ltd. Pvt. Solutions Spray BNG startup of Director and Founder (1)

181 0 54 127 (CeNSE) Engineering and Science Nano for Centre EM facility (MBU); 10 Teraflop DST – ECR HPC facility (MBU); Cryo EM facility (MCB); 10 Teraflop DST – ECR ECR – DST Teraflop 10 (MCB); facility EM Cryo (MBU); facility HPC ECR – DST Teraflop 10 (MBU); facility EM BASU SAPTARSHI

Flow Cytometer Facility (BC); Confocal Microscope Facility (BC); 3T Siemens Prisma MRI system (CNS); Cryo Cryo (CNS); system MRI Prisma Siemens 3T (BC); Facility Microscope Confocal (BC); Facility Cytometer Flow Policy Res Policy

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BIOLOGICAL student from this lab and another from CSA co-founded Mimyk along with two other IISc personnel. IISc other two with along Mimyk co-founded CSA from another and lab this from student Centre for Contemporary Studies (CCS) DST Centre for for Centre DST (CCS) Studies Contemporary for Centre 3 0 0 3

in collaboration with Prof. Vijay Natarajan of the Computer Science and Automation (CSA) department in IISc. A PhD PhD A IISc. in department (CSA) Automation and Science Computer the of Natarajan Vijay Prof. with collaboration in

54 2 2 50 (BSSE) Engineering and Science Biosystems for Centre

and centres. Below we report only those that cost more than INR 50 Lakhs. 50 INR than more cost that those only report we Below centres. and laboratory M2D2 the in thesis PhD a of result a was platform, simulation endoscopy an developed has which Mimyk,

Urban Planning (CiSTUP) Planning Urban

A large number of equipments have been bought and facilities set up in the institute in various department department various in institute the in up set facilities and bought been have equipments of number large A ANANTHASURESH G.K.

Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation & & Transportation Sustainable Infrastructure, for Centre 13 0 0 13

NEW EQUIPMENTS AND FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENTS NEW ME: 57 0 30 27 (ESE) Engineering Systems Electronic

IISc ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

Notable Visitors and Lectures

There were more than 80 visitors to the institute during 2018. Some notable visitors and their lectures are given below.

M.J. Thirumalachar & M.J. Narasimhan Memorial Lecture on “Gene Therapy: It Works” by Prof. Inder Verma, Irwin & Joan Jacobs Chair in Exemplary Life Science, American Cancer Society., Professor of Molecular Biology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA on 9th January 2018.

M.J. Thirumalachar & M.J. Narasimhan Memorial Lecture on “The cryo revolution in structural biology” by Dr. Richard Henderson Nobel Laureate 2017 Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK on 23rd January 2018.

IISc PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE TA Abinandanan K N Balaji Anand T Byrappa Debasish Ghose (Convener) Suhasini Gururaja Y Narahari Karthik Ramaswamy PS Sastry Indumati Srinivasan Matthew Jacob Thazhuthaveetil 9. SOME NOTABLE V Thilagam Kaushal Verma INSTITUTE ASSISTANCE Kavitha Harish P S Prakash Herle Rangan Kumar ACTIVITIES S Srinivas Centre for Sustainable Technology Lexus Design Award India 2019 in the Open Category for our Product CleaneRAT: Smart and Portable, Sewer DESIGN Maintenance and De-clogging Robot. Professor Richard Henderson Nobel Laureate 2017 Chemistry, in the faculty hall www.thefool.in Commendation letter from the selection committee of the 2018 IEEE William R. Cherry Awards Committee on impressive academic achievements, under the IEEE Electron Devices Society Executive Office, April 2018. PRINTING Prof. A Srikirshna Memorial Lecture - 2018 on “Molecular Complexity and Diversity from Sri Sudhindra O ffset Process. India Aromatics: Concept, Strategy and Reality” by Dr Vishwakarma Singh, Mumbai on 5th February Physics 2018. Department of Physics is the chosen by MHRD as the National Resource Center for Physics for annual orientation ARCHIVES AND PUBLICATIONS CELL program for higher education faculty under SWAYAM. Indian Institute of Science Golden Jubilee Lecture on “Financial Crises: Why they occur and what to do about them” by Bangalore 560 012 Prof. Eric Maskin, Adams University, Professor, Harvard University (Nobel Laureate in Economic Ph: +91 80 2293 2618 Sciences, 2007) on 26th February 2018. Mathematics Email: [email protected] The Department of Mathematics has been approved by UGC for continuation from Centre for Advanced Studies IISC Centenary Lecture on “Cycles of Invention and Discovery: Rethinking the Endless Frontier” CAS) Phase I to Phase II (for a period of five years starting from April 1, 2018) by Prof. Venkatesh Narayanamurti Benjamin Peirce Research Professor of Technology and Public

Pg 66 Pg 59 Pg 58 Pg 51

5492-7090-INDIAN INSTITUTE - CR 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job - 03/08/2019 - 16:38:40 - Process Cyan Magenta Yellow Black Process Process Process Process - - - - 16:38:40 16:38:40 16:38:40 16:38:40 - - - - 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 03/08/2019 - - - - 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job 2019-175#-665x910-28-25x36-KINI.job CR CR CR CR - - - - INSTITUTE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE INSTITUTE 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN 5492-7090-INDIAN IISc Annual Report 2017-18

Pg 67 www.iiscpress.iisc.in