THE ARKANSAS FAMILY HISTORIAN

VOLUME 48, NUMBER 4 December 2010 Arkansas Genealogical Society P.O. Box 26374 Little Rock, AR 72221-6374

Publications: [email protected] Membership: [email protected] AGS E-Zine: [email protected] Questions: [email protected] Website: www.agsgenealogy.org

Officers and Board Members

President Susan Gardner Boyle Little Rock 2011 Vice-president Linda Fischer Stuttgart 2012 Recording Secretary Lynda Suffridge No. Little Rock 2010 Treasurer Whitney McLaughlin Little Rock 2012 Membership Secretary Rebecca Wilson Little Rock 2012 Parliamentarian Bob Edwards Russellville 2012 Rita Benafield Henard Little Rock 2010 Wensil Clark Little Rock 2010 Russell P. Baker Mabelvale 2012 Suzanne Jackson No. Little Rock 2012 William T. Carter Pine Bluff 2010 Kaye Holmes Paragould 2010 Richard Butler Little Rock 2011 Rufus Buie Rison 2012 William Lindsey Little Rock 2012 Euna Beavers Morrilton 2012 George Mitchell Pine Bluff 2011 Ginney Pumphrey Little Rock 2012 Catherine Hickerson No. Little Rock 2011

Editorial Board

Susan Gardner Boyle, Editor Rebecca Wilson, Technical Editor Rita Benafield Henard, Contributing Editor Whitney McLaughlin, Contributing Editor Bob Edwards, Contributing Editor Russell P. Baker, Contributing Editor

On the Cover: Powhatan Winn (1845-1899), the youngest child of James Russell Winn and Margaret Shackelford. He inherited their land in Union County, Arkansas. Part 4 of “Brown or White Sugar: The Story of a Mixed-Race Plantation Family in Nineteenth-Century Arkansas” begins on p. 235.

The ARKANSAS FAMILY HISTORIAN

Volume 48 Number 4 December 2010

Contents

BROWN OR WHITE SUGAR: THE STORY OF A MIXED- RACE PLANTATION FAMILY IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ARKANSAS, PART 4 William D. Lindsey ...... 235

THREE PIONEER BAPTIST CHURCHES, HOT SPRING COUNTY, ARKANSAS Russell P. Baker ...... 248

VITAL NOTICES IN THE ARKANSAS INTELLIGENCER, VAN BUREN, ARKANSAS, 1846-1847 Bill Hanks ...... 251

TRAVEL DIARY OF JOHN RICE HOMER SCOTT, 1846 Transcribed by Susan Boyle ...... 268

WOMEN IN BUSINESS IN FORDYCE, CLEVELAND COUNTY, ARKANSAS Submitted by William T. Carter ...... 283

THE “PRIOR” BIRTH OF JAMES POPE WELLS OF RANDOLPH COUNTY, ARKANSAS Nina Corbin ...... 287

ARKANSAS NEWS IN THE TEXAS STATE GAZETTE Transcribed by Carolyn Earle Billingsley, Ph.D...... 291

ARKANSAS ANCESTRY CERTIFICATES ...... 293

ARKANSAS QUERIES ...... 296

BOOK REVIEWS Chickasaw by Blood Enrollment Cards 1898-1914, Volume III. Jeff Bowen ...... 299 Defenders of the Plantation of Ulster 1641-1691 Brian Mitchell ...... 300

© Copyright 2010. Arkansas Genealogical Society (AGS), Little Rock, Arkansas (ISSN 0571– 0472). The Arkansas Family Historian is sent quarterly to all members of the society and to libraries by subscription. Periodicals postage is paid at Little Rock, Arkansas.

EDITOR’S NOTES

This issue of The Arkansas Family Historian contains the fourth and final segment of Bill Lindsey’s history of James Russell Winn, his wife of color, and their children, whose lives spanned the Civil War. In “The Arkansas Years, Postbellum,” the author uses family letters to illustrate James’s and Margaret’s life in the poverty and deprivation of the postwar south, while their children, having been sent north prior to the war, used their acquired education and property to sustain themselves independently as adults. Information about small, early, rural churches is scarce. In the second article of this issue, Russell Baker has compiled information about three pioneer Baptist churches in the Point Cedar area of what was then Clark, but is now Hot Spring County, Arkansas. This issue also continues Bill Hanks’ abstracts of notices of births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and probates that appeared in the Arkansas Intelligencer newspaper published in Van Buren, Arkansas, in 1846 and 1847. Persons named were from all over Arkansas, Indian Territory, and further afield. Names of Mexican War casualties are included. Late in 1846 John Rice Homer Scott left Pope County and rode his horse down into Texas to visit his dying uncle, who expired before he could reach him. We are pleased to print here a transcription of the very interesting diary he kept during his six-week trip, including some family records he compiled while visiting relatives and the names of some Mexican War casualties. Tommy Carter has sent us a transcription of a news article highlighting women who ran businesses in Fordyce in the third decade of the 20th century. Nina Corbin researched a man who received a Prior Birth Certificate for one of the earliest birth dates found in that set of Arkansas records. Starting only with the information on the certificate, she discovered quite a bit about John Pope Wells and his family and presents his story here in this issue. Some Arkansas news in a Texas newspaper, two Ancestry Certificate lineages, queries from members, and two book reviews complete the lineup in this issue. We hope you enjoy it.

Susan G. Boyle

Brown or White Sugar 235

BROWN OR WHITE SUGAR: THE STORY OF A MIXED-RACE PLANTATION FAMILY IN TH- 19 CENTURY ARKANSAS PART 4

William D. Lindsey 519 Ridgeway Drive Little Rock, AR 72205 [email protected]; 501- 993-7933

D. James Russell Winn: The Arkansas Years, Postbellum

The postwar period was a time of momentous changes for James Russell Winn, as it was for Southern plantation owners in general. In James’s case, however, the end of the slave system had an important effect beyond its economic implications: it caused discernible changes in how he and Margaret chose to publicize their family life. For the first time, in the 1870 census, Margaret appears by name in James’s household, where she is listed with the same notation that other wives received on this census: “keeping house.”1 James is enumerated as white, Margaret as mulatto. James’s worth has declined dramatically due to the war and the emancipation of his slaves—from a combined worth of $21,000 in 1860 to $150 in 1870. The next six families on the census are African-American, possibly freed people James had held in bondage prior to the war. On 12 September 1865, along with other adult male citizens of Union County, James had taken the oath of amnesty.2 The communications of members of the Winn family remaining in the South in the postbellum period consistently speak of the difficult times on which they and their fellow citizens had fallen following the war. On 8 January 1873, James’s sister Narcissa Byron Winn Wier, who had moved with her husband David Stuart Wier (1805-1872) from Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, to Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, wrote her

1 James R. Winn household, 1870 U.S. census, Union County, Arkansas, Wilmington township, p. 605, dwelling and family 47; National Archives [NA] microfilm M593, roll 65. 2 The Tharp family, descendants of James Russell Winn, have kindly sent a scan of his amnesty oath, dated 12 September 1865, Union County, Arkansas.

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nephew John Winn at Buckingham, Tama County, Iowa.3 Narcissa wrote from Northport, Alabama, where she was visiting her family. The letter notes Narcissa’s concern that she had not recently heard from her brother James, who, as his own letters of this period indicate, was struggling to make ends meet in the chaotic economic situation produced by the war. The letter also demonstrates—and this is significant, since it was not always the case—the affection John’s aunt had for her brother’s children of racially mixed ancestry. Narcissa notes that she would like for John to return a likeness of his uncle Abner (evidently a drawing) she had sent to him, and that the health of her brother John Alexander had improved. It also states that a flood had destroyed the farm of John’s cousin Harrison—Jesse Harrison Winn, one of John Alexander Winn’s sons. Shortly after this, on 28 March 1873, another of John’s aunts wrote him. 4 This was Nancy Adaline Cook Winn (1810-1884), widow of John’s uncle Abner. Nancy wrote from Northport, Alabama; the letter has no address for John. Nancy addresses John as "esteemed nephew," and says that the picture of the baby (evidently John’s daughter Mabel Augusta, born 4 July 1872) that John had sent her showed her to be very pretty, and Nancy reckoned her nephew was very proud of his new daughter. Nancy adds that she had not seen any of the family of brother John Alexander Winn thus far that year, and that the winter had been cold and farming delayed. As with the letter of his aunt Narcissa Wier, this letter from his aunt Nancy Cook Winn demonstrates an acceptance that was not always offered by white members of Southern families to relatives of mixed race. An 1874 letter of Narcissa Weir to her brother James Winn indicates that there was also no breach between this brother and sister due to his family circumstances. On 29 December 1874 Narcissa, now back at her home in Evergreen, Louisiana, wrote her brother James at Hillsboro, Arkansas.5 The letter begins by noting a "kind favour" James had sent Narcissa on 11 September, and then proceeds to sad news. Their

3 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy. 4 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy. 5 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy.

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brother John Alexander Winn had died at his home in New Lexington, Alabama, on 9 August 1874. Narcissa notes that, though she had been expecting this news, it was still quite a shock. Then, reflecting the strong Methodist piety that ran through the family (and which may, in part, account for her lack of prejudice as she maintained ties to James’s family), Narcissa notes,

Though he left no dying testimony he has left to his children the world & the Church the influence of a long life of untireing fidelity. We can not doubt of his happiness, hope that we too will be numbered with the faithfull A few more years of toil & care & the storm of life will be over. Oh that we may be ready when Our Lord cometh.

The letter concludes with Narcissa telling her brother that she had attended a camp meeting in the fall and hoped to tent again the following year. But she looked to the future with some trepidation: things were not easy in Louisiana. Her sons had managed to make a decent enough crop of corn and cotton that year and she had concluded that she would "try La. one more year." But the Weir men were looking to Texas, where they hoped to raise grain and stock. The letter ends with Narcissa asking her brother James to pray for her, and is signed "your affect. Sister N.B. Weir." James himself was struggling in Arkansas. On 23 January 1875 he wrote from Hillsboro to son John at Traer, Tama County, Iowa, noting that he had received his son’s letter of 16 November 1874.6 James’s letter is a tale of woe: crops had been short and provisions for farmhands were expensive. In fact, things were so difficult that James had considered relocating with Margaret: he states, "Truly society is anything but agreeable and enticing here and I was for several years after the war anxious to get away from here but found I was doomed to disappointment & to stay here my time out." Since land had become worthless following the war, there was no opportunity to sell and move, and James would not be "hurried off" his land or give it up for taxes. Surely the concern about how local society had become “anything but

6 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy.

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agreeable” also reflects the climate of growing oppression of black citizens in the South as Reconstruction gave way to Jim Crow. Despite his struggles, James notes, "We have uninterrupted peace at least as much so as any where except when the Radicals want to get up a fuss for political capital." And he and Margaret were expecting daughter Emily and her husband Edmund to visit, and were delighted that John’s daughter Mabel had arrived safely. James adds that he was pleased his daughters-in-law Mary and Ada wrote him and Margaret frequently, but it did not escape his attention that sons John and Hattan wrote only once a year. The difficult conditions persisted, and perhaps increased the small frictions one can see emerging between father and son at the end of the previous letter. James wrote John again in a letter dated only 1875, responding to a letter dated 11 February.7 James begins by noting that he and Margaret were both in tolerably good health, though age was taking its toll on them. Yet as the outer man declined, the inner man appeared to be growing stronger. In the midst of social and political upheaval, James and his wife were taking solace in their faith:

[T]ruly our society socially and spiritually is by no means what we would wish, but we must abide our time and that will not be long. We have abundant reason to be shouting out that it is as well with us as it is. We have peace with God and all mankind.

John’s letter had disturbed James, and the point of contention seemed to be over politics—though the letter is faint and difficult to read, so the disagreement is hard to ascertain. James notes, "John, I am not surprised at your ignorance of the true conditions of the South . . . ," and then he appears to launch into a denunciation of President Grant as a dictator (though James approved of Grant’s vice-president Schuyler Colfax), whereas Jeff Davis and Alexander Stephens were, in his view, patriots. James addresses in particular the postwar struggles of Arkansas. He thinks that the only solution to the seemingly intractable economic, political, and social problems of the state following the war was to allow

7 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy.

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whites the same freedom that blacks had attained—an allusion, evidently, to the constraints Reconstruction was placing on white Southerners in this period. In the midst of this turmoil, James has not entirely given up his dream of relocating. He notes that he would consider joining his son in Iowa, except the winters were long and harsh and James could not sell his 640 acres in the Reconstruction period for anything near what they were worth. He would be willing to take $3000, but there was no chance of obtaining that amount in a state where there was no one with money now, so perhaps, James suggests, tongue in cheek, John could send money from the grasshopper state. James concludes that, all things considered, he could not leave the sunny South, in which he had spent sixty-five years. And with family around him, things could never be too bad: the letter notes that Emily and Edmund remained with James and Margaret and were papering and repainting her parents’ house. A 24 May 1879 letter from James to daughter-in-law Mary contains a similar mix of ill news and delight in family.8 James notes that it is responding to Mary’s of the first, which had enclosed pictures of two of her daughters. It adds that Margaret had fallen on 11 February (as James had already written to John), and was recovering slowly. In addition to his other farming duties, James had had to take over caring for the chickens and the garden, with Margaret's supervision. James asks Mary to convey thanks to Powhatan for sending apples and flour (the latter a commodity difficult to obtain in the postwar South), and notes that Johnnie's grandma was enclosing a dollar, which neither his papa nor the barber was to have. Johnnie is John Milton (1875-1955), John and Mary’s youngest son. The letter ends by noting, "Tell Johnnie his granma will give him plenty milk & bread with brown or white sugar on it." The term “brown sugar” came into popular use in the early 20th century as a reference to mixed racial ancestry. Could it be that this phrase has a longer history than we realize, as a term denoting mixed African and Caucasian ancestry? It seems entirely possible that James is alluding to his grandson’s mixed ancestry here—and in a context that affirms this ancestry and makes the African and Anglo components of

8 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy.

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his ancestry equally significant. Brown and white sugar are both sweet in precisely the same way, after all, and the observation, with its reference to Margaret as John’s grandmother, also openly recognizes the familial relationships between the white grandfather and the grandmother of color and their grandchildren. The 1880 census once again openly acknowledges Margaret as James’s spouse, but this time with a slight twist—one perhaps indicating the further hardening of racial lines in the deep-south part of Arkansas as Reconstruction gave way to Jim Crow.9 This time, Margaret is not “keeping house.” She is James’s housekeeper. The subtle distinction— and its significance—are apparent when one compares the listing for wives on the same page (all of whom are listed explicitly as wives, and all of whom happen to be black, whereas Margaret’s relationship to James as well as her occupation are both listed as housekeeper): all the wives “keep house” for their husbands. They are not the husband’s housekeeper. Margaret’s age in 1880 corresponds to her date of birth in James’s Bible: October 1813. In 1870, the census taker had listed her as 37, twenty years younger than she should have been. As in 1870, the 1880 census has her born in North Carolina, of North Carolina-born parents. James was 70, born in Georgia, with father born in Virginia and mother born in Maryland. James was designated as white, Margaret as mulatto. Also in the household was James’s and Margaret’s grandson Charles Russell Winn, son of their oldest son John. Charles was listed here as their grandson—and as mulatto, an open statement of James’s spousal connection to his “housekeeper.” Charles was a farmer; this suggests to me that John and wife Mary have sent their first-born son to his parents to assist them as they reach advanced age. The wonderful collection of documents now held by John’s descendant Rita Tharp contains an interesting 30 April 1881 letter of James to John, providing information about various ways John might take to travel to Union County—by boat up the Ouachita from Monroe, Louisiana (there was no land conveyance from there), or by land transportation from Little Rock or Vicksburg, etc. The fact that John needed this information suggests to me that he had not been home for many years, and was coming back to see his parents as they aged. As will

9 J. R. Winn household, 1880 U.S. census, Union County, Arkansas, Wilmington township, p. 242B, enumeration district [ED] 280, dwelling 103, family 109; NA film T9, roll 57.

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appear below, a letter of James to John dated 23 March 1882 indicates that John did return home in July 1881, so the April 1881 letter was evidently in preparation for that visit. Since the cordial and constant back-and-forth correspondence among John, his father, and his siblings from the time the Winn children went to Ohio does not show any breach in the family that would account for John’s long absence from home, what can one make of that absence? The answer is to be found in part, I think, in census data I cited previously. Though John’s siblings appear on censuses after 1860 sometimes as mulatto and other times as white, John is consistently listed as white on all censuses from that date forward. It seems reasonable to suppose that, from the time of his 1858 marriage to Mary Frances Quintard, John began to “pass” as a white man in the North. In the 1860s, John and Mary had moved their family away from Ohio—where they were known—to Iowa, leaving Powhatan and Emily (who did make visits South to see their parents during this period) in Ohio. One is tempted to conclude that this move was motivated, in part, by John’s desire to leave behind indicators of his biracial ancestry, and that his years of separation from his parents were a deliberate maneuver on his part to avoid giving signals to anyone of his mixed ancestry. In fact, for someone who had crossed the color line in the North at this period to return South could be positively dangerous: in the vexed, hostile racial environment produced by Jim Crow laws, violence was a distinct possibility. As the mulatto listing of John’s son Charles in James’s household in 1880 indicates, it would have been very easy for ill-disposed neighbors of James and Margaret to tag John as a man of mixed blood “passing” as white, if he returned home. Subsequent letters indicate what a high price families with mixed racial lines paid for such (necessary) dissimulation in this period of Southern history. Before John could return home again to see his aged parents, his mother died. On 18 March 1882, James wrote his son from "At Home, Ark." to inform him that his mother had died the preceding day between 3 and 4 P.M. after four weeks of “untold suffering.”10 James’s own suffering at the loss of his spouse was obviously keen. He stated,

10 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy.

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I will try & bare this heavy dispensation of Divine Providence knowing He is too wise to err & too merciful to be unkind & know my loss is her eternal gain. Pray for your old Father.

The letter notes that Emily and her son Abner (b. 1867) would stay with James for a few days, and that Emily's husband Edmund, who had been with them following Margaret’s death, would soon be leaving. John was also anguished at his mother’s death. On 23 March he wrote his father from Toledo, Iowa.11 The letter is on Winn & Free letterhead, which advertises that the firm is an abstract, land, and loan office. In the letter, John laments that he was not with his mother as she died, and he recounts the last words she spoke to him on the 19th of July the preceding year, as he left for Iowa again: "Oh, John, you are my child, and I wanted so much to talk with you about a matter, but could not, and now you are going." John asks his father if his mother mentioned this matter to James or spoke of her son as she died. This letter also makes clear something that James’s letter to John about Margaret’s death had hinted at: that is, that Emily was with her mother as she died, nursing her in the final days of a painful illness. John ends his letter begging his father to move to Iowa and live with him, James having toiled with head and hands long enough. It contains a description of John’s house in Iowa. It also asks that if Edmund Lyman had not left James yet, James was please to ask him to come to visit John. John also notes that he is enclosing a picture of himself taken on his 46th birthday (28 March). John had held the letter several days to enclose the picture, which he had waited to have made after his whiskers had grown. A brief history of James’s and Margaret’s community of Hillsboro by Clayte Whitten in the 2 May 1965 edition of the El Dorado Daily News suggests that the sudden long illness to which Margaret succumbed was smallpox.12 Whitten states that a smallpox epidemic raged through the community during January through March 1882.

11 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has provided me with a digital copy. 12 Clayte Whitten, "Found in Old Newspapers," Daily News (El Dorado), 2 May 1965. The article is transcribed at Joe Cabaniss’s family history website at http://homepage.mac.com/cabaniss/genealogy/hillsboro.html (accessed February 2009). Whitten states that Hillsboro was once a sizeable town, but had virtually vanished by 1965.

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James suffered terribly from the loss of his spouse—with whom he had lived happily for almost fifty years before her death. On 11 August 1882 James wrote from Hillsboro to his daughter-in-law Mary at Toledo, Iowa, to reply to one Mary had sent him on 5 July.13 James notes that his bodily health is as good as possible, given his advanced age, but his "mental affliction & privation is the heavyest." James tells Mary that though Emily and Ed and their son Abner were still with him, he feels very "lonely & allmost lost," since "they nor all the world cant fill the vacuum of One that death hath removed . . . ." James notes that, though he trusts God, "yet I am poor weak flesh & prone to err . . . ." He asks his daughter-in-law to remember him at the throne of grace that his faith may not fail him in old age and bodily infirmity. He concludes that he does not think his life will continue much longer. In fact, James was not to survive Margaret by a whole year. Once again, John found himself unable to be with a dying parent. On 4 January 1883, he wrote wife Mary “on the road from Camden to El Dorado" to inform her that he had learned from a Captain Mathews with whom he was riding to Hillsboro that his father had died on the first, as John was returning home to be with James in his final days. The family was gathered in Hillsboro waiting on John for the burial. John tells Mary, "Oh, this is the saddest day of my life[.] If I could only have got home to have seen him before he died." And so ends the saga of a remarkable family that managed to live with admirable grace and dignity at a time and place in which familial ties that spanned the adamantine color line faced almost insuperable obstacles. Though legal barriers prevented their officially marrying, James and Margaret nonetheless lived in a faithful marital relationship for almost fifty years. And though white men who formed such liaisons with women of color infrequently acknowledged or supported resulting children, this family managed to send their children to safety before the Civil War broke out, and to see them happily married and set up on land of their own. This is a story of love that endures despite obstacles, and of faith that sustains families amidst dehumanizing circumstances that threaten to make family life impossible. The price John and Margaret and their children paid was certainly a high one. The years of separation from their children in which their mother sighed for them were clearly ones of great suffering for all

13 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has given me a digital copy.

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members of this Winn family. It cannot have been easy for James to maintain a family in the face of social strictures that did not even allow him to name his spouse as his wife on the federal census, and that caused him to hide his wife and children on the census for several decades.14 The family’s hardships due to discrimination continued beyond the lifetime of James and Margaret. Having set his oldest son up on a farm in Ohio and having seen John prosper, and with Emily married well, James left his land in Union County to son Powhatan: this is the 640-acre tract of which James speaks in the 1875 letter responding to John’s of 11 February that year, though John’s descendants have a tradition of larger landholdings comprising about 1000 acres.15 Powhatan (who was living near Oberlin, Ohio, up to the time of his father’s death) returned to Arkansas to live on and manage the land. On 28 March 1899, as he was riding through the woods on his land accompanied by neighbors, Powhatan was ambushed and shot in the back. He died instantly. A letter written the following day by Emily’s husband Edmund in Oberlin to John’s wife Mary in Iowa recounts the preceding details and their sequel: a black man named General Washington had been apprehended and had confessed to the crime.16 He was in jail in El Dorado, where it was feared he would be lynched. Two days later, Emily wrote sister-in-law Mary from Oberlin to tell her that she and Edmund had no further details of Powhatan’s murder.17 Powhatan’s son Russell had set out immediately for Arkansas and had been told that his father had been ambushed with robbery as the

14 On the reprisals families crossing the color line faced in the 19th-century South—from ostracism to threats of violence to outright violence—see Kent Anderson Leslie, Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege, (Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia, 1995), 7. 15 Descendants Carol Ott of Chaska, Minnesota, and Rita Tharp of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, have both sent me various communications noting traditions in their families of James R. Winn’s large landholdings amounting to 1000 acres and of numerous slaves that worked this land—though my own research hasn’t confirmed the large number of slaves reported in these accounts, at least insofar as these reports pertain to the Hillsboro plantation. 16 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has given me a copy. An obituary from an unidentified newspaper—evidently in Oberlin—contains the same details as are found in Edmund’s account of the murder, characterizing General Washington as a “Negro desperado.” The obituary states that Powhatan was “a man of most congenial spirits” and one of the largest landowners in Union County, with considerable property in Oberlin. He had hosted political leaders from the Oberlin area on hunting and fishing trips to Union County, and they were charmed by his hospitality and spoke his praises. 17 Original letter in possession of Rita Tharp, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; she has given me a copy.

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suspected motive. He had written a few lines back to Emily, without any particulars. Emily had seen in the Oberlin papers several notices of the murder, but they gave no further information. Emily’s concern was centered on Pow- hatan’s children, who now had neither mother nor father (Ada Oakes Winn had died in 1890). Emily felt it was her duty to go and mother them. (At the time of Pow- hatan’s murder, there were five children rang- ing in age from nineteen down to eleven still at home—Richard Posey, Owen Oakes, Clyde Marion, Flora May, and Everett, with four over twenty—James Russell, Frank Easton, Lois Margarette, and Byron Abner. Emily notes that it would be a sad, sad duty to care for these nieces and nephews—she repeats EMILY WINN LYMAN the word “sad,” under- lining it each time. But, she adds, since God called her to perform this duty, God would give her strength to do it. She also notes that the journey itself, and the return to what had been her happy childhood home, would be filled with sadness. She ends by noting that with Emily, Mary was the last of the Winns left, John Milton Winn having died. The story of a mysterious black assailant named General Washington has about it the smell of cover-up. Edmund Strong Lyman’s account is relying, of course, on information he and Emily had received in Ohio from those providing that information in Arkansas. I have researched the Arkansas statewide papers for details about Powhatan’s

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murder, without finding any mention of it there. But I do find a noteworthy fact: within several days of the death of Powhatan, in the same week, the Arkansas Gazette notes that there were multiple lynchings in south Arkansas, particularly in the counties bordering Louisiana, as Union County does. It is impossible to avoid asking if Powhatan was lynched in this period of escalating racial violence in south Arkansas designed to terrorize African-American citizens into submitting to the demeaning “place” Jim Crow laws sought to create for them. As the biracial son of a white planter who had bequeathed large, lucrative landholdings to his son, a son who had dared to return from the North to claim and live on that land, Powhatan would have been an easy target—and a symbolically important one, in a reign of terror designed to punish people of color for asserting themselves in any way.18 The 1890s were a period of horrific terrorist violence directed against black citizens of south Arkansas by their white neighbors. A 24 March 1892 report of Rev. E. Malcolm Argyle in the Christian Recorder (Philadelphia) documents horrific racial violence in Arkansas in that month, with no less than eight African-American citizens “strung up to telegraph poles, . . . burnt at the stake and . . . shot like dogs.” Argyle states that 500 black citizens had gathered in Pine Bluff as he wrote, waiting passage on steamboats to Oklahoma to escape the reign of terror. He says that the Gazette had just written of 1200 more passing through the north part of the state to Oklahoma, to leave Arkansas.19

18 On the history of lynching in Arkansas and its terrorist applications, and on south Arkansas as the locale of the worst incidents of violence due to lynching, see Brent E. Riffell, “Lynching,” Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture, accessed 21 Oct. 2008 at http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry- detail.aspx?entryID=346. See also “Lynchings in Arkansas from 1860 to 1936,” adapting material from Richard A. Buckelew, “Racial Violence in Arkansas,” unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arkansas, 1999. This is in the Arkansas Black History Online collection at the website of the Butler Center for Arkansas Studies, http://www.cals.lib.ar.us/butlercenter/abho/bib/LYNCHINGS.pdf accessed 21 Oct. 2008. This documents lynchings of four African-American men in Little River County from 18 to 22 March 1899; three of the four were lynched because they ostensibly “threatened whites.” The article also shows seven known lynchings of black men in Union County from 1883-1923. 19 Christian Recorder (Philadelphia) 24 March 1892, in Herbert Aptheker, ed., A Documentary History of the Negro People in the United States, vol. 2, (New York: Citadel, 1970), 793–794. A copy is online at the “History Matters” website with the title “The Body Count: Lynching in Arkansas,” at http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5467; accessed 21 Oct. 2008. As Grif Stockley notes in Ruled by Race (Fayetteville: University

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And the challenges evidently persisted for James and Margaret’s descendants for generations. Descendants of John tell me of birthday parties at which white neighbors brought a black doll to the little Winn boy giving the party, to let him know that they were aware of his ancestry; of fears of the Winn women for generations that if they married, they would produce dark children who would give away the family’s ancestry—and so they often simply did not marry; of snubs the darker-skinned members of the family endured from those who more successfully “passed” in the North. As my earlier discussion of the mystery of Abner Winn’s Bible indicates, and of the gaps in Richard Dickson Winn’s memoir of his cousin James’s family, there was evidently also the distinct possibility that some members of the white branches of the Winn family refused to acknowledge their cousins of mixed ancestry. Given the well-nigh insuperable obstacles this family faced to carry on a family life, it is remarkable that such a wealth of documentation has passed down among descendants, to allow this story to be heard. All physical traces of the life James and Margaret and their children lived together in Union County have apparently vanished. Byron Bell’s oral history notes (cited previously, p. 169) indicate that families living around Hillsboro in the 1960s spoke of a Winn family burial ground that had been demolished as oil wells were drilled on the land. This is a story that needs to be told. There are far too few well- documented stories of the lives of families of color in Arkansas from this period, let alone of families that chose to live across the color line as these Winns did.20 These stories have not been told, for the most part, because the racism that has long pervaded the culture of Arkansas helped assure that artifacts and documents to enable such stories to have a hearing have often not survived. Having grown up in south Arkansas and having seen with my own eyes the effects of that savage racism well into the 20th century (but that’s a topic for another article), I know just how marvelous it is that such a story has lived on to be told—and how much it demands to be told.

of Arkansas Press, 1999), the violence against Arkansas freedpersons following the war was “numbing” (p. 66). Stockley notes a “dramatic increase” in lynchings in Arkansas in the 1890s as Jim Crow legislation was enacted and black citizens were disenfranchised (p. 126). 20 One exception to that statement is Ruth Polk Patterson’s skillfully told history of the Polk family of Howard County, Arkansas, The Seed of Sally Good’n (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1985).

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THREE PIONEER BAPTIST CHURCHES, HOT SPRING COUNTY, ARKANSAS

Russell P. Baker

Point Cedar, Arkansas, is a rural community located on Highway 84 about half way between Amity in Clark County and Bismarck in Hot Spring County. It was settled beginning about 1850 by immigrants from the older Southern states to the east. A post office called Point Cedar was established in the community in 1852. The area was then part of Cedar Township in Clark County. It became a part of Valley Township in Hot Spring County in 1873 when the county lines in the area were redrawn. From 1853 until after the Civil War three pioneer Baptist Churches were organized in Cedar Township. Unfortunately, little is known about them except for the following information gleaned from the Minutes of the Caddo River Baptist Association, which was organized in 1853 from the Red River Baptist Association to cover Montgomery, Pike, and Clark Counties.1 The reader will note that several of the names occur more than once as new congregations are organized from existing ones. This material was prepared as a part of the recent centennial celebration of Mount Moriah Missionary Baptist Church, Bonnerdale, Arkansas.

PHILIPPI MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH

Philippi Missionary Baptist Church, organized in 1853, was located near the present Philippi Church of Christ west of Point Cedar. The “messengers” or delegates were usually lay members of the congregation. In 1870 this congregation ceased being a Baptist Church and became a “Kelley” Church or as it is now known, a Kelleyite Church of Christ.

1 Caddo River Missionary Baptist Association 1853-1948, Arkansas History Commission MFILM General 466, roll 01; original book at Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, Arkansas.

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Philippi Missionary Baptist Church in Baptist Association Minutes

Church Year Pastor Clerk Messengers Comments 1853 James Carter Thomas Evans, 22 members James Weaver, John Sweeden 1854 John J. Dennington, 25 members Dennington J. Lambert, J. Jackson 1855 John A. J. Brown, 15 members, Dennington S. Jackson, 22 dismissed W. Weaver by letter 1856 A. J. Black, 32 members, A. D. Brown, 16 added by S. Jackson baptism 1858 C. Matlock, 24 members W. Hincle, S. Jackson 1859 W. S. Spates L. J. Andrews, Elijah Chaphin, ___ Blain 1861 T. F. Welch J. L. J. L. Andrews, 37 members Andrews A.S. Vandiver, W. Hinckle 1862 T. F. Welch L. J. A. S. Vandiver, 39 members Andrews W. Hincle, E. Chaffin 1869 E. Chaffin M. Elias Chaffin, Hosted Whitfield Matthew associational Whitfield, meeting, 18 J. M. Lambert members 1870 Philippi Church “departed from the faith”

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CENTER POINT MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH

Center Point Missionary Baptist Church was a small congregation organized in about 1855 evidently from Philippi Church. Its exact location is unknown but some of its members listed below lived north of Center Point in the Trap Mountains. The church never flourished and ceased meeting about the beginning of the Civil War.

Year Messengers Comments 1855 John Dennington, George W. 8 members Skates, J. E. Cole 1856 J. Dennington, W. C. Jones, G. W. 16 members Skates 1857 J. Box, R. Jones, W. Thacker 12 members, 14 dismissed by letter 1859 J. Box, R. Jones, and W. W. Jones 12 members

LIBERTY MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH

Liberty Missionary Baptist Church was organized about 1859, perhaps also from Philippi Church. It may have been located below Point Cedar near the Caddo River. It did not survive the Civil War.

Church Year Pastor Clerk Messengers Comments 1859 John J. Dennington, 26 members, Dennington G. W. Skates, 13 received G. S. Shery by letter 1861 John J. W. Skates, 16 members Dennington J. F. Cole, J. Dennington 1862 John S. Hogan J. Dennington, 12 members Dennington G. W. Skates, J. F. Cole

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VITAL NOTICES IN THE ARKANSAS INTELLIGENCER VAN BUREN, CRAWFORD COUNTY, ARKANSAS, 1846-1847

Transcribed by Bill Hanks

The Arkansas Intelligencer started publishing in January 1842. Publishers were in turn Van Horn & Sterne, Sterne & Wheeler, George W. Clark & Thomas Sterne, George W. Clark, J. W. Washbourne & C. D. Pryor, and finally, George W. Clark. This newspaper is especially useful and valuable because the Crawford County courthouse burned in 1876, destroying the earliest fifty-five years of the county's records. Many of the items below you will find nowhere but in this old newspaper. The newspaper's political orientation was Whig until George W. Clark made it a Democratic paper. The newspaper was published on Saturdays. Copies used for this abstract are found on microfilm at the Arkansas History Commission labeled “MFILM NEWS 000665 ROLL 1, Arkansas Intelligencer, Van Buren, Mar. 11, 1843-Sept. 4, 1847” and “MFILM NEWS 000665 ROLL 2, Arkansas Intelligencer, Van Buren, Sept. 18, 1847-Dec. 29, 1849.” Mr. Hanks’ annotations are in brackets. 10 January 1846, 2:4. Married on Thursday the 1st inst. at the residence of the Hon. J.[ames] W.[oodson] Bates by the Rev. Mr. Townsend of the Episcopal Church, Col. Thomas E. Wilson to Mrs. Mary A. Stephenson, daughter of the late Maj. John Dillard, all of Crawford County, Arkansas. Married in the Seneca Nation on the 25th ult. by the Rev. David Cumming, Mr. Jno. Candy, Cherokee Printer, to Mrs. Electa ______Adams, of the Stockbridge Nation. Died in Beatie's Prairie, Cherokee Nation, Joseph Rogers, on 26 December 1845; he was of the “Treaty Party” [long article]. s/J. R. R. 10 January 1846, 2:5. Died on the 1st inst. the infant daughter of Mr. George W. and Mrs. Eudora Knox, aged 4 months. [George W. was a son of Hugh Knox, of Van Buren, and Eudora was a daughter of Horace Boardman Rose, of Roseville, Franklin County, Arkansas]. 31 January 1846, 3:1. Died in this city on Monday night last, Mary, daughter of ______Hensley, Esq., aged 13 years.

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31 January 1846, 3:1. Died on North Fork of the Canadian, Creek Nation, [on the] ___inst., Mr. John Hill, aged about 35 years, a native of Georgia. Administrator’s Sale of land and negroes by order of the Franklin County Probate Court, Robert Moffet, Admr. of the estate of Elijah S. Moffet, deceased. Administrator’s Notice, Crawford County Probate Court, order to sell land, Isaiah Vinsant, Admr. of John Hancock, deceased. 7 February 1846, 2:3. Died on Monday last, Absolom Williams aged about 55 years. He was among the early settlers of this country. 21 February 1846, 3:1. Married on Tuesday night by the Rev. John Buchanan, Mr. [Tho]mas Walden to Mrs. Louisa Mayo, all of this county. Married on Thursday night by the Rev. J. J. Roberts, Mr. [Isa]ac M. Marshall to Miss Elizabeth Powell, all of this city. Married in Union County, Arkansas, on Sunday, 1 February 1846, by ______W. Gill, Esq., Allen M. Scott, Esq., to Miss Marietta Emaline Howard, daughter of Mr. James Howard, late of Huntsville, Arkansas. Died at Fort Smith on the 12th inst., Mrs. Lucinda Grubb, consort of Jacob Grubb, after a long and painful illness. Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, papers please copy. Died at his residence on Mazard Prairie in this county on the 18th inst., S. S. Oliver, Esq., aged about ___ years. Mr. Oliver was a worthy man, a good citizen, and his death will be lamented by all who knew him, for a better man lived not among us. Died at his residence near this city, Mr. John Williams, aged about 60 years; he was a native of New [Yo]rk. Died at Spadra Bluffs, [Johnson County], Mr. James M. Lappington, aged about 40 years. We esteemed him an honest man. Petition for Dower, Darcas Reeder, Complainant vs. Minerva West, Thomas West, Elvyra Cole, Calvin Cole, Lucinda Odle, John Odle, Jr., Mark W. Reeder, Emily Reeder, Malinda J. Reeder, Albert J. Reeder, Alvin T. Reeder, Hiram H. Reeder and Tabitha Reeder, Defendants. The

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object of this petition being to have dower assigned in the estate of Noah Reeder, deceased. s/ J. C. Pittman, Clerk. 7 March 1846, 2:2. Married at Morrison's Bluffs [Johnson County] on the 5th inst. by the Rev. L. C. Adams, Mr. John Strong, to Mrs. Arabella J.[ane (Bertrand)] Clark, all of Johnson County. 14 March 1846, 3:1. Died in Sugar Loaf Township, Crawford County, on 28 February, Thomas P. Donaldson, Esq., aged about ___ years. Died in this county on the 11th inst. of inflamatory fever, Louisa Lucinda, daughter of Thomas Walden, Esq., aged 6 years, five months and fourteen days. Died at the residence of the Hon. G. W. Paschal on the ___th inst., Augustus B. Paschal aged 40 years [long article]. s/M. 21 March 1846, 3:1. Died on 13 March at his residence near Fort Gibson, Cherokee Nation, Mr. James W. Griffin in the 53rd year of his age. He was born in Pendleton, South Carolina, he leaves a large family. Columbia, South Carolina, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama, papers will please copy. 21 March 1846, 3:2. Settlement of Administrators, April term 1846, Crawford County Probate Court, Jesse Turner, Admr., John Brennan, deceased; Peter Tramell, Admr., Thomas Tramell, dec.; Remson Stevenson, Admr., Curry Barnett, dec.; Josiah Foster, Admr., Henry S. Foster, dec.; George Turner, Admr., Samuel M. Chapman, dec.; Jesse Turner and George W. Paschal, Admrs., David Thompson, dec.; Mahulda A. Harrell, Admrx., Isham Harrell dec.; George W. Paschal, Admr., David R. Lowry, dec.; William H. Simpson, Admr., Joel Kelly, dec.; William M. Martin, Admr., Joseph Martin, dec.; George Turner Admr., William Fisher, dec. s/ A. M. McLean, Clerk. 11 April 1846, 2:1. Married on Thursday the 9th instant by Isaiah Vinsant, Mr. [Jam]es Sanford Foster to Miss Susan Snider at the residence of Cornelius Snider, all of this county. Died at his residence in this county on Tuesday, the ___ inst., Jonathan Eppler aged about 60 years. 18 April 1846, 2:1. Married in Texas on the 2nd of March, by the ____ W. Goreham, Mr. Charles A. Galloway, [of] ____shita, Cherokee

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Nation, to Miss Eugenia E. Coffee [daughter of] the late George Washington Coffee, Esq., of Mississippi. 9 May 1846, 3:2. Died at New Orleans on 27 April 1846 after a painful illness of three weeks, Henry, youngest son of Edward and Susan T. Cunningham, of this place, aged 10 months. 16 May 1846, 3:1. Died in Washington City on 4 April 1846, Susan, a lovely child with intelligence and reason far [beyond] her years, aged three years, daughter of Judge [Geor]ge W. and Sarah Paschal, of Van Buren. Quesenbury, Admr. of the estate of S. S. Oliver, deceased, letters were granted by Crawford County Probate Court on 7 April 1846. 23 May 1846, 3:2. Died on the 2nd inst. Felix G., son of A. Lester, of this county, aged 12 years. 6 June 1846, 3:1. Died on 31 May of pulmonary consumption, E. Da_____ Powers in the 38th year of his age; he was born in [Cay]uga County, New York. The [Buffa]lo Patriot will please copy. 20 June 1846, 1:4. Death of an Indian Chief. Captain John Looney, representing the Cherokee Nation, died in Washington on the 15th. He was a nephew of Chief Enolee or Black Fox, and was about 70 years of age. He fought with Gen. Andrew Jackson during the war with the Creeks at Talledega and received a severe gunshot wound; after the 1819 Treaty he moved west and was a very early settler there. 20 June 1846, 2:1. H. G. Bacon, a white man living in the Cherokee Nation, was killed by the Cherokees. 20 June 1846, 3:2. Settlement of Administrators. Due at the July term 1846 of the Crawford County Probate Court. John H. Harrell, Admr., estate of John Harrell, deceased; Isaiah Vinsant, Admr., estate of John Hancock, dec.; Jesse Turner, Admr., estate of Wharton R. McPhearson, dec.; Mathew Moore, Admr., estate of Powell Euper, dec.; William G. Shannen, Admr., estate of Joseph Towels, dec.; Andwen [sic] Boyd, Admr., estate of John Boyd, dec.; Samuel Miles, Admr., estate of Robert W. Miles, dec.; Jacob Nidever, Admr., estate of George Nidever, dec.; Thomas Haze, Admr., estate of Thomas Dugan, dec.; Margaret Glenn, Admrx., estate of Joseph B. Glenn, dec.; James Sorrell, Admr., estate of John Sorrell, dec.; Robert M. French, Admr., estate of L. J. Rowark, dec.; Angelina Williams, Admrx., estate of Jinken Williams,

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dec.; Sarah P. Gibson, Admrx., estate of Robert S. Gibson, dec.; Green B. Strawn, Admr., Johnson Howell, dec.; David C. Price, Guardian of James, John and Louisa Shannon, heirs of John H. Shannon, dec. s/A. McLean, Clerk. 27 June 1846, 3:2. Died of pneumonia at her father's residence on Frog Bayou on Sunday last, Emily Drennen Thurston, infant daughter of Dr. R. and Mrs. Mary J. Thurston, aged 4 years, 5 months and 24 days. 4 July 1846, 3:1. Married on Wednesday the 24th ult. at the Choctaw Agency residence of S. H. Heald, by the Rev. Mr. _____er, Capt. Ja’s H. Heard, of Fort Smith, to Miss ______e Wright, of Hubbardston, Mass. Died at Mrs. Townley's in Washington, D. C., about 7 o'clock [in the mor]ning, Captain John Rogers, Principal [Chie]f of the Western Cherokees, aged about 70 years. The funeral will take place from his late boarding house opposite Galabrun's Hotel on Pennsylvania Avenue at 4 o'clock p.m. tomorrow where friends are invited to attend. -- Washington Union. John Rogers was of the first “Old Settlers,” and his character is well known throughout the country. 25 July 1846, 2:5. Died in Hadley, Mass., on the 25th ult., Mrs. Elizabeth Bennett, consort of W. M. Bennett, Esq. of Fort Smith. 8 August 1846, 3:2. Executor’s Notice. Letters of Administration were granted by the Crawford County Probate Court on 24 July 1846 to Thomas Walden and James M. Hunter on the estate of Obediah W. Hunter, deceased. 22 August 1846, 3:3. Married on 19 August by the Rev. Harvey B. Howell, the Rev. John C. Otery to Mrs. Margaret A. Hinds, all of this county. Married at Bentonville, Arkansas, on Thursday, the 6th inst. by the Rev. John F. Seamon, Maj. William H. Wilson of Henderson, Texas, to Miss Emeline F. Jefferson of the former place. Died of inflammation of the liver on the 11th inst., Mr. John B. Johnson, Esq. of Frog Bayou, Crawford County. 29 August 1846, 3:2. Died at Fort Gibson, Cherokee Nation, August 17th after a short illness, Capt. Charles O. Collins, Ass't. Quarter Master, U.S. Army.

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5 September 1846, 3:2. Died on Sunday the 30th ult., Emily Catherine, infant daughter of R. S. and Augusta Roberts of this city. 5 September 1846, 3:4. Bill for Divorce. Carroll County Circuit Court, 12 August 1846, Louisa Caloway by Richard Wright her next friend vs. William Caloway, for more than twelve months abandonment by him. s/J. A. Hicks, Clerk. 12 September 1846, 2:2. Crawford County Probate Court, July term 1846, administrators filed their annual accounts, Nimrod Capp, Admr., estate of David Hinds, deceased; John Vaughan, Admr., estate of Leroy Barnett, deceased; William A. Jackson, Admr., estate of Reuben Ricker, deceased; John G. Little, Admr., estate of Howell Little, deceased. s/A. McLean, Clerk. 19 September 1846, 3:1. Married at the residence of Thompson Ratliff on the 17th inst. by Esquire H. B. Howell, Mr. Thomas Ratliff _____er to Miss Sarah Ann Rudy, all of this county. 26 September 1846, 3:1. Married at the residence of M. West, Esq., Washington County, Arkansas, by the Rev. Jno. Holcombe, Mr. Samuel [St]evenson to Miss Oceta S. West. Died on the 8th inst. at Beatie's Prairie, Arkansas, William ___agert son of Elizabeth and Jno. Scott aged 2 years and 5 months. Died at Little Rock on the 16th inst., Michael McQuaid, a native of Ireland and formerly a citizen of this place. Died on Friday the 18th inst. in this city David Rose aged about 27 years, formerly of East Tennessee. Died onboard the steamer North Bend on Saturday last, Mrs. Sarah Hardwick, formerly of Hudson City, New York. The body was interred at this place on Monday last. New York City papers please copy. 3 October 1846, 3:1. Died Tuesday night last, Ada, infant daughter of Mr. [Joseph] P. and Mrs. Abigail Marean, aged ____ months. 3 October 1846, 3:5. Washington County Circuit Court in Chancery, 2 June 1846, Bill for Divorce, Mary Shepperd, Complainant, vs. Thomas Shepperd, Defendant, asking for provision for her and her children. s/J. C. Pittman, Clerk.

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10 October 1846, 3:1. Died [unexpect]edly at Fort Gibson on the 1st inst., Major ____ Roddy, formerly of Tennessee, in the forty-seventh year of his age [long article]. Tennessee papers please copy. Died on the 21st ult. at the Creek Agency, Charlotte G., infant daughter of William and Nancy T.[hurmond] Whitfield, aged [six] months and seventeen days. [Mrs. Nancy T. Whitfield was a daughter of Col. James Logan, the Creek Agent]. 17 October 1846, 3:1. Married at Fort Towson on the 21st ultimo, Mr. Henry D. Oden to Mary Tobin. 24 October 1846, 3:1. Died at the Creek Agency on the 11th inst., James L. Beame, son of Jeremiah and Mary [(Logan)] Beame, aged two years, eleven months and sixteen days. [The mother, Mrs. Mary Logan Beame (1821-1881), was a daughter of Jonathan Logan (6 May 1794 Ky.-24 January 1841, Johnson county, Ark.) and Sarah Crawford, daughter of William (18 November 1798 Mo.-6 November 1886 Cal.); Jonathan Logan was a brother of Col. James Logan, the Creek Agent]. Obituary. Died on Monday last, 19th inst., of congestive fever, Mortimer Woodford, infant son of Dr. T. M. and Eliza Warden, aged 18 months. On Tuesday afternoon weeping friends assembled at the tolling of the church bell, and the sermon was preached by the Rev J. J. Roberts, and the burial followed [long article]. Van Buren, 21 October 1846. 7 November 1846, 3:1. Married at Fort Gibson on 2 October at the _____, by the Rev. D. McManus, Chaplain, F. F. _____, U. S. Army, to Maria N., youngest daughter of Mr. James McMullin of Tallahassee, Florida. Tallahassee papers please copy. Married at the same time and place, R. W. Kirkham, U. S. Army, to Catherine Edith, youngest daughter of the ___ E. Mix, of New Orleans, Louisiana. Died in this city on Tuesday evening last, Caledonia, daughter of Mr. Henry and Mrs. Susan Flemman, aged ___. 14 November 1846, 3:1. Died [at Charlest]own, Franklin County, on 29 Oc[tober], Elizabeth, aged 10 months, daughter of [Susan S. and Charles Rice] Kellam [his dates: 11 May 1809-5 April 1854]. 16 January 1847, 2:5. Died at his residence in this county on the evening of the 26th ultimo [December 1846] of paralysis, the Hon. James

258 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Woodson Bates. He was born in Goochland county, Virginia, on 25 August 1788 and was in his 59th year. He was educated at Yale and Princeton where he graduated with the highest honors of his class in 1807. He studied law and was elected to the House of Delegates of the Virginia Legislature before he attained the age of 21 years. He practiced law in Virginia until 1817 when he emigrated to St. Louis where his brother, the late Frederick Bates, was the Governor of Missouri Territory, and emigrated thence to the Post of Arkansas. Upon the establishment of the Territory of Arkansas in 1819 he was elected the first Delegate to Congress from the Territory, and he was re-elected to that post. About 1824 he was appointed Judge of the 4th Judicial Circuit under the old territorial organization of the judiciary. In 1828 President Adams appointed him a Judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Arkansas, an office he held until 1832. In 1835 he was elected a Delegate from Crawford county to the Convention that assembled in Little Rock in December of that year to form a Constitution for the State of Arkansas. In 1836 he was chosen Judge of the Probate Court of Crawford county. In 1841 President Tyler appointed him Register of the Land Office at Johnson Court House which he held until 1845. He leaves an amiable consort to mourn his loss. [long article]. [He married Mrs. Elizabeth W. (Moore) Palmer 12 December 1827 in Crawford county, Arkansas Territory; she was a daughter of Benjamin Moore, Sr., from Virginia; (marriage notices published in Arkansas Gazette of 1 January 1828, 3:4, and 8 January 1828, 3:3)]. 23 January 1847, 2:5. Died in this city on the 20th inst. of inflammation of the brain, Lovenia, infant daughter of Alexander and Frances Alenn McLean. [Alexander McLean was born 25 Dec 1794 at Argyle, Washington County, New York, and died 8 Oct 1859 near Van Buren, Arkansas; he served in Sept. and Oct. 1814 as a Pvt. in Rogers' Regiment, Capt. Ichabod L. Judson's Company of New York Militia in the War of 1812 (Widow’s Certificate-27087); in 1829 he married 1) Mary Ingram; she and a son died on 1 and 9 Oct 1829 respectively about twenty miles from Van Buren; on 19 Dec 1842 in the town of Van Buren, he married 2) Frances A. McCracken (born ca. 1821), officiated by Presbyterian Rev. William MacLean of Clarksville, Johnson County, Arkansas; he served for twenty-three years, from 1833 to 1856, as the Crawford County Court Clerk; left a daughter born circa 1844, Arabelle McLean, called Belle, who married Daniel Morrison and was in 1880 a resident of Prairie Bayou, Hot Spring County, Arkansas].

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23 January 1847, 2:5. Died on Saturday the 9th inst., at the house of Green McGuire, in Washington county, Arkansas, John Buckhanan, Esq., of Huntsville, Arkansas, in the 45th year of his age. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He left Huntsville Thursday evening in fine health with his wagon and team for Van Buren, traveled about 20 miles, was taken sick and in less than eighteen hours died. 30 January 1847, 2:2. Administrator’s Sale. Elizabeth W. Bates, Extr'x of the estate of James Woodson Bates, deceased, to sell his residence in Big Creek Township, Crawford County, Arkansas, on Saturday 30 January, the entire stock of horses, cattle and hogs, the farming utensils, household and kitchen furniture, a quantity of corn, oats, fodder and other articles. Also, the farm of the late Maj. Ben[jamin] Moore will be leased or rented on the same day. [her husband’s and her father's properties]. 20 February 1847, 3:1. Died on yesterday morning at his residence near this city after a week’s illness, Mr. David Pevehouse, aged 60 years. He has been a resident of this county for the past 25 years [since 1821], and was one of our most worthy citizens. His funeral will take place at his residence at 2 o'clock today and friends of the family are requested to attend. 27 February 1847, 3:1. Died at Johnson Perry's on the Canadian [River] on Sunday the 8th inst., Mr. Wiley Dickinson, in the 35th year of his age. He was of the firm Saffarans, Johnson and Dickinson, traders in the Chickasaw Nation. He left Fort Washita on the 1st inst. for Memphis, Tennessee, and went by the Canadian on business. He was taken on Saturday night with inflammation of the lungs, and so violent was the attack that he expired in twelve hours. He was a native of Tennessee, and had been an Indian trader upwards of fourteen years. He was a man that possessed all of the better attributes of our nature. 6 March 1847, 2:5. Married in Little Rock on Tuesday evening the 13th ult. by the Rev. Mr. Welch, Major John Collins to Miss Teresa McCann, daughter of Francis M. McCann, Esq. Died in this city of pneumonia on yesterday the 5th inst., Col. Henry Starr, Jr., aged 40 years. The funeral will take place tomorrow at 2 o'clock p.m. from the residence of John B. Ogden, Esq. The body will be taken from the residence to the church, where the usual service will be

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read by the Rev. Mr. Townsend, and from thence to the graveyard, when it will be interred with Masonic honors. 6 March 1847, 2:5. Died on Wednesday last of consumption in this city, Mr. Henry Clark, aged 30 years, a native of Greensburg, Pa., and for the last 6 years a citizen of this place. Interred with Masonic honors on Thursday last. 13 March 1847, 2:5. Settlement of Administrators. The following administrators have filed their accounts current with the Crawford County Probate Court: Eli Bell, Public Admr., the estate of Charles Stevenson, deceased. John H. T. Main, Admr., the estate of Ann Sinclare, deceased. 12 March 1847, A. McLean, Clerk. 20 March 1847, 3:2. Settlement of Administrators. The following administrators have filed their accounts with the Crawford County Probate Court: John Vaughan, Admr., estate of Levi Barnhart, deceased. Henry Ross, Admr., estate of Joseph Belcher, deceased. George W. Paschal Admr., estate of David R. Looney, deceased. Gibson Stagner, Admr., estate of Herod Wilson, deceased. Russell Allen, Admr., estate of Daniel R. Mills, deceased; John Rogers, Admr., estate of Shelby Hogg, deceased; and John H. T. Main, Admr., estate of James McDavid, deceased. Next term of Probate Court, April 1847. s/A. McLean, Clerk. 3:2. Andrew Couch Administrator of the estate of George Norwood, deceased, will apply to Crawford County Probate Court for an order to sell land. 3 April 1847, 3:1. Public Meeting at the Crawford County Court house held on Thursday, 1 April 1847, upon receipt of news of the victory at the Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, on 22 and 23 February 1847. Resolved: That as a testimony of deep regret which we feel for Col. [Archibald] Yell [the gallant commander of the Arkansas regiment], Col. Hardin, Lieut. Col. Clay, and the other brave officers and men who have fallen,…our citizens be requested to wear the usual badge of mourning. s/Jesse Turner, President and John B. Ogden, Secretary. 10 April 1847, 2:1. A negro man named Anthony belonging to William Quesenbury was stabbed on the night of the 25th ult. by James Lovejoy, a U. S. Dragoon, in the town of Fort Smith. The negro died of his wounds.

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17 April 1847, 2:1. Harmon Wynn, son of Zeely Wynn, a respectable farmer of this county, was killed in the action at Beuna Vista, Mexico, and Darwin Steward, son of Col. William Steward, of this county, was killed while fighting with a lion. Both were in Capt. [John J.] Dillard's Company. [Company F, Arkansas Regiment, Mounted Volunteers, from Crawford County, Arkansas]. 17 April 1847, 2:3. From the Arkansas State Democrat, Friday evening, 9 April 1847, From Our Volunteers. Killed in the Battle at Beuna Vista, Mexico. In the Johnson County Company, the killed were David Hogan and Pleasant Williams. In the Franklin County Company, the killed were James W. Tomberlin, George Martin, and Franklin Brown. And in the Crawford County Company, Capt. [John J.] Dillard was killed. 24 April 1847, 2:1. Suicide. A young man 18 years old named Perkins hanged himself on the night of ___th inst., near Cane Hill, Washington County. 24 April 1847, 3:3. Married on Monday the 19th at Norristown, [Pope County], Arkansas, by the Rev. N. Taylor, Jonas M. Tibbets, Esq., of this city to Miss Matilda Jane Winlock, daughter of Maj. George Winlock of Palmyra, Missouri. Died on 30 January 1847 at his father's residence on the Main Fork of the White River, Washington County, Arkansas, Thomas Jefferson Irvin, in his 5th year. 24 April 1847, 3:5. Administrator’s Sale. From Crawford County Probate Court on 15 May 1847 to sell the residence and land of Shadarach S. Oliver, deceased, Mary M. Oliver, Admr'x. and Thomas Quesenbury, Admr. 1 May 1847, 3:2. Married on the evening of the 2nd ult. at Hazel Glen, Benton County, Arkansas, by the Rev. C. Washbourne, Mr. A. W. Dinsmore of Madison County, Kentucky, to Miss Kate, youngest daughter of Col. Hugh A. Anderson. Obituary. Departed this life in the city of New Orleans on 19 February last, aged 26 years, James M. Smith, of Arkansas County. 8 May 1847, 3:2 & 3. The number of the Crawford County Regiment killed [Mexican War] is 23. Harmon Wynn who lived on Frog Bayou and 3rd Corp. Darwin Stewart, brother of Lt. Stewart, both killed in a

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charge against a large body of lancers. Capt. [Andrew R.] Porter [Co. D], of Batesville. Hardin Dowell died at Saltillo [?Howell Hardin died at La Encantada, Mexico on 27 Jan 1847]. Jno. [James B.] Nesbitt died at Monclovia. Burton [?Benton] Pope died at Rio Grande. A. [Berry] H. Taylor died on Trinity [River, Texas]. Jas. J. Walters [Waters?] died at Saltillo. James Born [?Bone] died at Presidio, Mexico. Jas. J. Ester died at Monclovia, Mexico. E.[benezer] B. Fears died at Saltillo [La Cantada, Mex.]. Rufus Forrester and James M. Harris died at Monclovia. Harmon Wynn 1st died at Patos, and Harmon Wynn 2nd killed in action. [fewer than 23 names]. s/ C. D. Pryor, Camp Taylor, Agua Nuvea, 3 March 1847. [the above came from a letter someone received and shared; additional deaths included Pvt. William A. Houck, Pvt. Joseph F. Campbell who died at Saltillo, Mex., Pvt. Robert B. Chew, Pvt. Thomas Larimore, Pvt. Thomas J. Perkins, Pvt. George B. Price, Pvt. Benjamin Smith, Pvt. John Story, Pvt. John Vice died; these names were not on the muster out list, but complete the total of 23]. 8 May 1847, 3:3. Married at the residence of Dr. Richard Thurston on Monday evening, the 3rd inst., by the Rev. W. K. Marshall, Mr. Joseph M. Clemm to Miss Hariet Thurston, all of this city. 15 May 1847, 2:3. Honors to the [Mexican War] dead. Names Col. A.[rchibald] Yell, Capt. A. R. Porter, and [Private] John B. Pelham. 15 May 1847, 3:3. Married at the residence of Mr. J. Kemp, C. N., on the 8th inst. by the Rev. J. H. Carr, Dr. John A. McDenna of England to Mrs. Malena Colbert of the Chickasaw Nation. Married on Thursday the 22nd ult. at the residence of Mr. John Scott of Benton County, Arkansas, by the Rev. David Cumming, Mr. George Colsher to Lucy Ann, daughter of George Ward, Esq. of the Cherokee Nation. Obituary. Died in the awful catastrophe of the steamer New Hampshire on the 6th inst. George T. Allen, aged 20 years. From the Arkansas Gazette, Little Rock, 8 May 1847. 22 May 1847, 3:3. Died at Fort Smith on Friday, the 14th inst., R. W. Johnson, Esq., aged 31 years, a native of Hartford, Conn.; was a merchant here for 10 or 12 years [long article]. Died in this place on Saturday the 15th inst. at 2 o'clock p.m. after a short and painful illness, Mrs. Eliza Jane Wilson, aged about 28 years,

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consort of Capt. Thadeus C. Wilson and a daughter of David McKissick, Esq., of Benton County, Arkansas. She leaves a husband and children. [long article]. s/C. 22 May 1847, 3:3. Died near this city on Wednesday, the 19th inst., after an illness of six days, Mrs. Mercy Turner, consort of Capt. George Turner, aged about 35 years; left a husband and four young children [long article]. s/D. 22 May 1847, 3:4. Petition for Partition. Crawford County Circuit Court in Chancery, February term 1847. William W. Wilkins, Comp. vs. James A. Scott and Frances McA. Scott, his wife, Calvin M. Thompson, Julia Thompson and David Thompson, infant heirs of David Thompson, deceased, and Jesse Turner and George W. Paschal, Extrs. of deceased. 29 May 1847, 3:2. Married on the 19th inst. at the Sulphur Springs by the Rev. C. C. Townsend, Mr. J. R. Kannady to Miss Sophia Barling. 12 June 1847, 3:3. Died on 6 May on the Arkansas River 45 miles below Little Rock, George Thomas Allen, clerk of the steamer New Hamphire in the 20th year of his age along with 2nd clerk, R. B. Cupples. Capt. Allen, his brother, buried them in Little Rock's Mount Holly Cemetery. [long article]. 3 July 1847, 3:3. Married on Tuesday evening last by the Rev W. W. Stevenson, Benjamin T. Duval, Esq., of Crawford County, to Miss Judith Ellen, youngest daughter of Maj. William Field [Feild] of Little Rock. 10 July 1847, 3:3. Died on Thursday, 29 June 1847, Laura, infant daughter of John B. and Jane B. Ogden, aged 14 months. Died at Spadra Bluff [Johnson County], June 29th ult., Cornelia Antoinette, infant daughter of Mr. Luther C. and Mrs. Antoinette Morrill, of this place, aged 10 months. 17 July 1847, 3:2. Married on Sunday, the 11th inst., by the Rev. Mr. Poage, Mr. G. W. Ash of Fort Smith to Miss Mary Alexander of this place. Supplemental Bill in Chancery, Johnson County, Arkansas, in vacation, 10 July 1847, William G. Freeman, Comp. vs. Marmaduke N. Jeffreys, Jones Cook, Harriet, Bryan H. and Amanda G. Freeman, all non-residents, Joab Durham, Samuel D. Strayhorn, James White, George W. Key and Mary, his wife, John, Thomas, Henry, Frances and Rufus

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Ledbetter and James Suiter as Administrators of the estate of Wilie Ledbetter deceased, Defts. -- purpose is to introduce secondary evidence of the marriage contract upon which the complainant bases his title to said negroes, a negro woman, Penny and her seven children. s/Augustus W. Ward, Clerk. 24 July 1847, 3:3. Petition for Divorce. Madison County, Arkansas, Circuit Court in Chancery, May term 1847, Joshua Wharton, Plntf. vs. Elizabeth Wharton, Defnt. -- she abandoned him over a year ago. 31 July 1847, 3:3. Married on 22 July by Rev. W. K. Marshall, Mr. Jno. Williams to Susanna Forsman, all of Franklin County, Arkansas. Married in Little Rock on the 12th inst. by the Hon. W. S. Oldham, Maj. M. W. Dorriss of Pine Bluff to Miss Mary J. Roane, daughter of Judge S.[amuel] C. Roane [1793-1853], of the former place. Died in Van Buren on Thursday, July 22nd, of scarlet fever, Thomas, son of Calvin and Almira Phelps, aged three years and twelve days [long article]. s/M. 7 August 1847, 2:1. Col. Andrew Hammond, Private Secretary of Governor Drew, died at Little Rock on the 26th ult. of congestive fever. He was a young gentleman of fine mind, amiable disposition, and very much loved by his friends. 7 August 1847, 3:3. Died in the town of Huntsville [Madison County] of congestive fever on the 23rd of July, Frances Palestine, daughter of Dr. D. L. and C. C. Saunders, aged ten years [long article]. 14 August 1847, 2:4. We learn from the Arkansas Gazette, that Capt. Young Stevenson died at Matamoras about the 18th inst.; he was well known to many friends in Arkansas. 21 August 1847, 3:3. Married at the residence of Thomas Warden, Esq., in this city on the evening of the 19th inst., by H. B. Howell, Esq., Mr. Samuel S. Roberts to Miss Sarah McCurry, all of this county. 28 August 1847, 1:3. Died on Frog Bayou in this county on 31 July of a lingering attack of the dropsey, Mr. Thomas A. Brooking, aged 39 years; he was for many years a highly respected mechanic of this city. 4 September 1847, 3:4. Died on the 29th ult. of congestive fever and after a short illness, Mr. Robert Patterson, aged 29 years. He was a

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native of McMinn County, Tennessee, and had resided in this place over four years. This last part of 1847 is at the beginning of the roll: “MFILM NEWS 000665 ROLL 2, Arkansas Intelligencer, Van Buren, Sept. 18, 1847-Dec. 29, 1849,” at the Arkansas History Commission. 18 September 1847, 1:5. Additional news from Santa Fe. Lieut. Brown, murdered by the Mexicans, was a son of Robert T. Brown of Perry County, Arkansas; and also murdered was a son of Mr. J. S. Quisenbury, of this county. - From the St. Louis Republican. 18 September 1847, 3:4. Married at Wellburg, Virginia, on 12 August by the Rev. Mr. Newell, W. H. Crothers, Esq., to Miss Annie Duval, all of this place. Died at New Orleans on the 20th ult., Mr. Galvin Cleveland. He occupied a responsible and confidential position in the popular “house of Mose Greenwood, Esq.,” at New Orleans and was well known to, and highly esteemed by, the commercial circles in this state. Possessing a character of unimpeachable integrity, excellent morals, and great business qualifications, the loss of his valuable services will be severely felt by his confiding employer, as also will be lost to society one of its brightest ornaments. 2 October 1847, 3:2. Died in Little Rock on the 16th ult. in the 29th year of her age, Mrs. Louisa D., consort of Lemuel R. Lincoln. She had been a resident of the city for eight years [long article]. - Arkansas Gazette. 9 October 1847, 3:2. Committee to draft Resolutions. Col. David Folsom of the Choctaw Nation died on 24 September 1847. He was the friend and promoter of progress, social order and justice. Leaves a bereaved family and brothers Israel and McKee Folsom. [long article]. Obituary. Gov. P.[ierce] M.[ason] Butler, a native of [Edgefield County], South Carolina [born 11 April 1798; “Married at home, the residence of E.[dward] W. DuVal, Esq., in Crawford County, A.[rkansas] T.[erritory], on Tuesday evening, (23 May 1826), by the Rev. Mr. Washburn of Dwight Mission, Capt. Pierce M. Butler of the U. S. Army to Miss Miranda Julia Duval, formerly of Washington City” - Arkansas Gazette, Tuesday, 6 June 1826, 3:1. Elected Governor of South Carolina in 1836; was Cherokee Agent from 1841 to 1845]; sick, he assumed the

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command of Carolina's chivalry… wounded he lead it still…and fell in the arms of victory…the leader fell [long article]. s/W.[heeler]- - Fort Smith Herald. [Churubusco, a small village six miles south of Mexico City, was the location of the battle. Already wounded in the leg, he stayed at the head of his South Carolina Palmetto Regiment and was shot through the head causing instant death on 20 August 1847. 9,000 American and 32,000 Mexican Soldiers were in the fight. The Palmetto flag was the first to enter the Mexican capitol].

9 October 1847, 3:2. John H. Harper charged with the murder of W. M. Meredith at Independence in Jackson County. 16 October 1847, 3:4. Married on Thursday last by Samuel Edmondson, Esq., Mr. Harmon Mickle of this county to Miss Susan Morris of the Choctaw Nation. 30 October 1847, 3:1. Death of Lt. Erastus B. Strong of the 5th U. S. Infantry; was a native of Arkansas and the only son of Col. William Strong, late of St. Francis County; was the first graduate of the Military Academy at West Point from Arkansas. - Arkansas Democrat. 6 November 1847, 3:2. Married at Washington City on the 12th ult. by the Rev. R. D. Woodley, Josiah N. Armstrong of Nashville, Tennessee, son of Gen. Armstrong, American Consul at Liverpool, to Miss Mary J. Millard of St. Mary's County, Maryland. 6 November 1847, 3:3. Crawford County Circuit Court in Chancery, August term 1847, Bill to Foreclose Mortgage. Joseph H. Heard, assignee of John H. H. Fletch, Comp. vs. Eli Bell, Public Admr. of Sarah T. Thompson, deceased, and Ann Wheims, Defts. s/A. McLean, Clerk. 13 November 1847, 3:3. Married on Tuesday, 9 November, by the Rev. William K. Marshall, Mr. Josiah Foster to Miss Julia C. Stewart, all of Crawford County. 20 November 1847, 3:3. Crawford County Circuit Court in Chancery, August term 1847, Petition for Divorce, Sidney Weaver by her next friend Jackson White, Comp., vs. Pleasant B. Weaver, Deft. s/A. McLean, Clerk.

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20 November 1847, 3:4. Administrator’s Sale at Ozark, Franklin County, farm in Mulberry bottom, a two story dwelling house and other buildings, Thomas C. Parks, Admr., Estate of John Laster, deceased. 27 November 1847, 3:3. Married at Cane Hill, Washington County, Arkansas, on Thursday the 18th last, by the Rev. John Buckhanan, William Quesenbury, Esq., to Miss Adeline, daughter of Robert Parks of that place [long article]. 4 December 1847, 3:3. Married on the 2nd inst. by the Rev W. K. Marshall, Mr. Riley Foster to Miss Suamma Snider, all of Crawford County. Died at Matamoras of yellow fever on the 6th of October last, Mr. Thomas Hazen, formerly a merchant of this place. He was one of our most worthy citizens. Administrator’s Sale by order of the Franklin County Probate Court, October term 1847, 80 acres, Justin Beneux, Admr., estate of Thomas Booth, deceased. 11 December 1847, 3:3. Married at the Cross Hollows, Benton County, Arkansas, on the 30th ult. by the Rev. Benjamin Pearson, George Redding, Esq., of Newton County, Missouri, to Miss Nancy, daughter of Maj. John B. Dickson of Benton County, Arkansas. 18 December 1847, 3:4. Died on the night of the 16th inst. in this place after a short illness, Ada Henry, infant daughter of Joseph P. and Abbigail Marean, aged 8 weeks [long article]. 25 December 1847, 3:3. Married on Sunday, the 19th inst., by Thomas P. White, Esq., Mr. Joseph Parow to Nancy Pruit, all of this county. Married on Thursday, the 23rd inst., by James W. Spivey, Esq., Mr. William B. Robertson to Mrs. Elizabeth Whitford, all of this county.

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TRAVEL DIARY OF JOHN RICE HOMER SCOTT OF POPE COUNTY, ARKANSAS, 1846 Transcribed by Susan G. Boyle

One hundred and sixty-four years ago on Wednesday, 28 October 1846, John Rice Homer Scott, aged about 32, left his home and family in Pope County, Arkansas, and began a journey that would take him through Indian Territory, into Texas and back home again within two months. It appears that the trip may have been precipitated by news of the illness of his uncle, Myres F. Jones, who died before Scott reached him. During his travels Scott kept a diary in which he recorded the date, the day of the week, the miles he traveled, the communities through which he passed, the people he met, where he stayed, and the amount of money he expended on food and shelter.1 From time to time he inserted descriptions of the landscape, plants, animals and people he observed. He recorded the births, marriages, and deaths of the relatives he visited while he was in Texas as well as names of Arkansans who died in the Mexican War. The number of people that he knew along the way is astounding, as is the amount of news that he heard, including the details of a Missouri court case involving Arkansans. His diary abuses us of any notion that early settlers were isolated from the world outside their own locale, even when that locale seemed distant and remote. The most remarkable thing about the diary, perhaps, is that we would not know who wrote it except that the diarist recorded that he carved his name JRH Scott in the wall of the Alamo. Scott’s style, if we can call it that, is stream of consciousness and his spelling unconventional to say the least. However, the careful reader can discern the stories and images he preserved for the ages. On the first sheet which may have been the inside of a cover of a booklet, he recorded in order the “Counties through which I passed To West.” He abbreviated county as “Coy,” without benefit of an apostrophe or period. In fact he used almost no punctuation and devised his own unique set of abbreviations throughout. The counties were the following: Pope Coy Arks Sevier Do Do Yell Coy Arks Choctaw Nation Scott Do Do West Arks

1 Arkansas History Commission, Small Manuscript Collection, Box XXVI, No. 23.

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Red River Coy Texas Fayette Lamar Do Do Gonzales Hopkins Do Do Guadalupe Hunt San Antonio Henderson Do Do Comal Navarro Do Do Travis Limestone Do Milam Roberson Do Limestone Milam Do Hunt Burlison Do Fannin Washington Do Lamar Austin Do

The diary commences:

[p. 1] 1846 Oct 28th Wed From Home (40 M to Danville this day exp 2.75 29th Thu Danville to Hunt on Dutches Creek (30 Miles .75 30th Fr To Drennens on Fourche 35 Miles (expense .62 31st Sat To Philip Jacksons at Sulphur Spring (40 M) .75 Nov 1st Sun To Harris s on Indian line rolling fork (40 M .75 2d M To Monkhouses on bank Red River Texas (40 M 1.35 3rd Tue Clarksville Texas & back to M. McCauleys .18 4th We To Clarksville & back to Genl Youngs 2.35 5th Th To L Hopkins (40 M) 1.00 6th Fri To Danl Stephens (40 M) .50

[p. 2] Brot ovr 11.10 1846 Nov 7th Sat To James Williams at Hagleys point (40M) .75 Nov 8th Sun To Morrills 5 miles West of Goddards Bluffs on the Trinity River here the Houses rails & Plank are of cedar very fine, faced 2 ft 35 Miles .87 [Written vertically in margin:] Rained on me here like hell had to move in the night 9th Mo To Doct. Andersons about 25 M 10th Tue Thence via the Tywaccany springs Springfield and to Dr. Sealys at the Alta Springs 50 M 1.00

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11th Wed Cross Little Brasos and to Morrells

[p. 3] Brot up 13.62 on the Big Brasos 30 M (Scare) 1.10 [Written vertically in margin:] Horse sick mania 12th Thu via & cross Brassos, Little river, St. Andrews river, through Nashville in Milam County, and to Caldwell Coy seat of Burlison Coy on Davidson Creek 30 M verry sandy hills but good springs, post Oak to Majr Howlits 1.00 13th Fri Thence across the yegua (yawaro) River a miserable stream cimalar to a mud creek 10 ft wide poor country to Capt Fullers in a rich fertile prairie (limestone) 35 M .35

[p. 4] Brot over 17.07 Nov 14th Sat arrived at Uncle M. F. Jones 17 miles about 11’ oclock A.M. & remained all night Nov 15th Sun remained at Uncle Myres, all day & night Nov 16th Mo went over to see John R Alexander & cousin Mary Jane in company with Aunt Patsey, rained on us & had to stop on road but went & returned same day 17th Tue Left for San Antonio through LaGrange & joined Bryant Daughtery for company 2 days passed through crossed the Colerado [cont’d. on p. 5]

[p. 5] Amt Brot over 17.07 River a beautiful Stream for Texas high Bluffs & deep stream full of shoals remained 5 miles South of Lagrange where there was a housefull of pretty girls (interlined: at Dr. Mees) distance 25 miles Lost pencil tube hors shous .25 ferriage .25 bill 1.00 1.50 (Written vertically in left margin: Rained like fury this night wet my saddle heavy -- was in porch) 18th Mo to Vauhans, over prairie country part very rich & fertile 35 miles tolerable fare here I joined Wm Mussett sick 1.50 [Written vertically in left margin: very warm]

John Rice Homer Scott 271

19th Thu through Gonzales cross St Marks up the Quadalupe 40 M to S. R. Millers Beautiful country 1.10 [Written vertically in left margin: Warm] 20.67

[p. 6] Amt Brot over 20.67 Nov 20th Fri Through Seguin, cross the Guadalupe beautiful. cross the Sea Willow & murders occur when, 10 thousd deer, cross Selowgh poor cogerollow prairie 10 Ms north San Antonio to and across San Antonio River to Wm G. Crumps tavern in San Antonio 41 Ms. Visited 2 fandango various parts of the city music excellent girls only ordinary out danced creation [written in right margin: ferriage of Guadlope] [.]10 [Written vertically in left margin: South wind very warm Deer between Selowgh & Seawillow innumerable] Nov 21st Sat Went all over Alamo and town Cut my name on Walls (J R H Scott) Wrote to Walter, some Alamo Rock 20.77

[p. 7] At night went to fandango and Presbyterian church [Written vertically in left margin: Norther today] [Here he itemized some expenses and then crossed through them. They were shoeing horse 1.00, Livery stable 2.00, Tavern 3.00, Bread 40 Sack 45, Ferriage Guadalupe? 10.] Nov 22d Sun Left San Antonio for the sweetest place on earth my home. Paid out at this place the above amts incidental expences making 7.60 and cross San Antonio river by Alamo, cross Seawillow to Brownsville or Braunsfel 30 M poor prairie country Braunsfel a pretty place 3000 souls good mill priceless comelle water [cont’d. on p. 8] [Written vertically in left margin: warm S wind]

[p. 8] 1846 Nov Amt Brot over to leaving San Antonio $27.72

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finest spring in the world bursting and making large crystal stream here I went to Dutch fandango & saw a game at cards called Switch similar to Stump Loo Fine fish and spring Bill Hamilton Tavern Blessing 1.62 23rd Mo Cross the Guadalope just below the entrance of the Comal & 1 ½ M from the source of Comal a beautiful stream, cross Fork Creek (dry) the country full of Limestone Rock or pebbles not rich to Dr. Memourthens [?] [cont’d. on p. 9] [Written vertically in the left margin: this day a Norther]

[p. 9] Amt Brot up 29.34 on the St. Marks 18 Ms this is on the stream pretty land subject of overflow by the Rio Blanco travld in company with Laughlin & Blucher 20 miles 1.25 24th Tue Crossed St. Marks, cross Rio Blanco, vialin oak spring where two men were killed out of 3 by Indians, via Maushac Springs, Onion Creek, Colerado to Captain Swisher at Austin City, poor country, good water 800 pop 1.75 Colerado here 250 yds wide 2 mills

[p. 10] Nov 25th Wed cross Walnut Creek, Brushy creek, and to Allen Strouds on Gabriel creek the country this days travel very poor & hilly and Rocky 30 M here was a heavy white frost lay in a pile with one family on the ground before fire about 12 __? of all the whining set this family capped all, young men were like babies & the old folks cross to one another [.]75 [Written vertically in the left margin: This day a Norther]

[p. 11] Nov 26 Thu Crossed Gabriel Creek Willies creek. Saw one mustang numerous deer Crossed Little river or St.

John Rice Homer Scott 273

Andrews river course or stream 4 mile bottom fine grass in it -----? big very green the country this days ride very poor to Bryants East of Little River 30 M all alone Indians numerous saw none all nature green last night frost killed herbs in Bottom [Written vertically in left margin: This day oppressively warm]

[p. 12] Nov 27 Fri cross 2 elem creeks Pond Creek large bottoms low mossed timber Indian country, saw none, numerous deer. All alone this day to first house saw the prettiest woman in Texas, named Nancy Baran from Arks single lady. Cross Brasos at and below falls, through Bottom full of holes large enough to hide in, done by overflows & through Bucksnort Town. 40 voters tend a field in common under one fence 6 miles long or 2 fences 3 miles across, weed prairie [p. 13] altogether, in an island made by a Bayou & Brasos here I felt a Bullet in a mans leg larger than my pistol ball done in a fight with caddoes, Kickapoos, and ironeyes . Killed 18 indians and lost 10 killed & 5 wounded of whites, young womans head cut off & carried 200 yds & hair all cut off scalped etc & Morgans father mother & other relatives killed by them. This freight [fright] occured 6 miles above where I stay tonight which is at Morgans on Brasos (Bucksnort) This day the country is poor 41 miles 1.00 [Written vertically in left margin: here a man 1 month ago cut his leg taking out Buffalo tonuge [tongue] now getting well very warm today [p. 14] Nov 28th cross several ugly deep streams Cross Navorsot [Navasota] good farms not rich cedar fences & houses, best water at Bank of Novorsot a very narrow deep ravine Limestone country this day saw 2 droves Buffalo 15 in each drove Killed a very large cow with my pistol 1 mile SW of Strouds 4 miles SW of the

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Towaccana [Tehuacana] Springs in the prairie. Sand hills here not very fertile limestone to Majr Boyds at Springs 42 miles horse done well 1.00 [Written vertically in left margin: very warm today S wind]

[p. 15] Nov 29 Sun this morning horse sick as far as and to Dr Andersons on Richland Creek foot of Towaccana hills 12 miles arrive 11 o clock A.M. remained all day & night here saw a man 3 ½ ft body 1½ of legs body extraordinary chair used to sit in 4 ft bottom & old man & woman quarrelling woman crying nothing to eat sick wanted to go back the country rich & fertile black mould 30th Mo Horse tolerable well this morning left on my journey towards my earthly paridise [cont’d. on p. 16]

[p. 16] Nov 30th and its dear inhabitants crossed Richland Creek deep muddy Prairie soil good. Crossed below mouth of Pinoak saw 15 Buffalo. Crossed Chambers Creek deep ugly ravine, bottoms overflow crossed 2 other deep ravines through a very rich and fertile prairie through the Trinity bottom awful ugly muddy subject to overflow boggy worse than Point Remove, cross the Trinity River about the middle of Illonois at Dwight high muddy banks at what is called Buffalo a [cont’d. on p. 17] [Written vertically in the left margin: very warm day South wind] [p. 17] Town or Goddards Bluff where I staid all night saw James Stephenson building boats to navigate Trinity which has been navigable to within 70 M of this place he is going to remove obstructions etc for boats to come up depth of water on shoals 4 ½ ft so he says where I crossed in ferry boat 7 ft deep put up with Sanders this days ride 30 M horse done well ferriage [.]15

John Rice Homer Scott 275

Goddards Bluff a sandy post oak hill hell what a bill 1.50 [Written vertically in left margin: cloudy at night]

[p. 18] Dec 1st Tue cross King & fork of Cedar Creek ugly stream deep & muddy country all this days ride a vast prairie soil fertile Saw nothing remarkable to Jackson Harts at Wagleys Point 30 miles (3 children Malinda, Mary Jane, Jackson Hart all well talks of moving to San Gabriel or further west where the water is delicious this is called Kings Prairie this day was very warm & cloudy Saw George Boikin & Jonathan Anthony [Written vertically in the left margin: south wind Anseller (?) rain occasionally, warm] Dec 2d Wed cross some creek Cedar Creek cross [cont’d. p. 19]

[p. 19] the Sabine of all streams the damndest meanest dirty muddy ones I ever saw equal to Cane Creek and similar in size at Brasos Crossed at Hookers ford, this morning at 2 oclock AM it rained thundered & lightning accompanied with severe wind wet all over the house at Harts could scarcely keep door closed. Met Russell from Johnson moving in Sabine bottom all well tell his father. Put up at Hookers 30 miles today is quite cool [Written vertically in left margin: Slight NW wind cool Men killing beef at Hookers 2 year old wrigledy Covlbs [calves?]

[p. 20] Dec 2d Wed the clock has struck 7 and coffee just ground Christ how hungry I am 1 hour longer & my insides will growl worse than they do the old woman has apoligised but my appetite is not satisfied by it. ¾ pastry here it comes now for the worth of my .80 Dec 3d Thu Cross a runaway negro no doubt 8 M N of Hookers cross S Sulphur, Middle Geel, & through

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an awful hog wallow 5 M to Mr Lowrings married Landers daughter Keren concintally 42 M .75

[p. 21] Dec 4th Fri Come to Bridge at N Sulphur met 2 waggons & 1 Carriage ½ mile South Bridge they camped on Bank At Bridge got down to warm at their fires while there Jno. M. Wilson come up bank leading horse driving Yearling calf Sd they were all well twas his wagons Mrs. Walthrop & husband been sick the former much sick though near well 3 weeks on road bad road Bro in law of Red Rogers, lost a cow occasionally got on tolerable well weather bad crossed at Sulphur through Honey grove, by the house [cont’d. on p. 27]

[p. 22] [Here the diary breaks for a recording of expenses.] 1 pr Boots 2.50 Ferriage Ark .25 Padding saddle .25 Ferrige Red River & boy .35 ½ ? Pope .18 1 pocket knife 1.25 1 umbrella 1.00 Pd Negro ostlers .10 " " at Hopkins .10 Ferriage Trinity .10 Boy at Brasos .10 " at Capt Fullers .10 Horse shoes clinched .25 Ferrige of Colerado .25 Ferriage St Marks .10 Ferriage Guadelope .10 1 pr shoes on horse 1.50 Amt $8.48

[p. 23] Brot up 8.48 4 loaves bread .40 1 Sack .25

John Rice Homer Scott 277

1 yd Domestic .20 ½ gallon pecans .12 Ferriage Colerado .25 " Red River (up) .50 " Kiameshe .20 Ostler at Cochrans .10 Ferriage of Ark River

[p. 24] blank

[p. 25] Pope County Deaths of Arks Volunteers Capt. J. S. Moffett 7th Nov 1846 Monroe Harkey Alf Ross (2 month) J. Empson Typhus fever M. Rye all of them Leonard Reed Dickson Brown Sick in hospital Clear of fever S M Sherman at San Antonio Convalescent Jessee Ward " Of Johnson County Moffitts Frunk & Swon left care of Vance & Co San Antonio Lieut Stewart died of Sevier Coy Houston & Hogan of Sevier died

[p. 26] Tom Tatom Nesbitt Bawley Hodges

[p. 27] 1846 [continued from p. 21] Dec 4th Fri [house] of Nicholson met Sam Dolton in road Knew him by Boyds Grocery found Brewer of Sugar Creek there glad to see me took me home with him on

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my route living with Bro in law Snowden his wife mighty glad to see me give me dinner pressed me to stay all night promised to go back from Chs Logans if if I remained a day or two, Brewer came on with me to Chs Logans knew me & found them all well think I will stay one or two days to rest Texas Jim Presented umbrella to Civility Logan it’s the only present she ever got [Written vertically in left margin: 30 miles to day Killed a large Turkey this evening with Brewers gun very cold & wind]

[p. 28] Dec 5th Sat Remained this day at Chs Logans very cloudy & misting waiting for Alfred to go home with me who is at Pettits 15 M West of this Chs went to Mill & Pleasant [Logan] to Paris. This looks like Arkansas very much it is 4 M South of Red River from here fine Bottom land good Sulphur water sold Negro woman Pleasant will leave for Mo in Febry, suit continued to prove the parents of Felix & negro girl & child $675.00

Dec 6th Sun Still at Chs Logans waiting for Alfred & to rest Texas Jim who for land is worth

[p. 29] over $100 or at 50 cts per acre I am going out today to look at country think of buying land. [in margin: early in morning] Went up saw Jim’s place verry pretty place good spring land & though subject to overflow good timber & 20 acres cleared = just Learned that Scott ganed Felix or $700 Debt &150 Dam & Costs by Deposn of Col. Logan that D. Logan pd $50.00 for Slaves, 6 commns in Arks, his & Davs taken in Creek Nation case taken up to Sup Ct, this day & night cloudy & rain occasionally

[p. 30] The Comal is 42 ft measd in less than 200 yds of where it rises in its head at which I was and you could

John Rice Homer Scott 279

discern a ten cent piece in the bottom plainly it unquestionably surpass everything in natur for Beauty & elegance & chrystal purity its width about like the Illinois or Piney in Arks. The St Mark Springs form a river sufficiently deep even as deep as the Comal and within the same distance of equal or greater width & as large as at its mouth in 20 yds of when it breaks out & within that distance a spring bursts up in the middle of [cont’d. p. 31]

[p. 31] the stream or boils up the size of a hogshead throwing itself a foot above the surface & the imagination of man can not conceive the beauty & clear limpid chrystal appearance of them the bottoms are of fine limestone flint gravel or solid flat limestone rock there also grows a little round topped weed equal height that looks beautiful the finest fish that the eye ever beheld are in this stream

[p. 32] Dec 7 Mo This morning warm & raining and in a hurry, want to leave but would like to have Alf for company, expect the streams are up, horse much improved by rest. Staid this day at Chs Logans, this night sleeted and rained & all day rain Dec 8 Tue Still awaiting Alf for company cold morning though appearance of fair, horse got out run 4 M like to lost him evening fair Dec 9 Wed This morning cold & windy horse got out though got him same day

[p. 33] Dec 10th Thu This morning cold windy though clear without company for my sweet home horse looks & feels well – cross Red River long tale [tall] black oak timber Sandy and through rich prairie country to Cafreys 35M ferrige 50 Bill 1 1.50 Indians plenty Saw 2 Christmas gals one the concubine of host etc

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Dec 11th Fri Cross Kiameshe ferriage 20. Saw pine plenty reminds me of home feel better thereby

[p. 34] Catherine Hilyard formerly Catherine Bollinger the place where Uncle Myres died at San Philipe De Austin Keep tavern

[p. 35] The ants are numerous in Texas get in the eggs when they pip & destroy chickens die and flies are bad, water bad, timber bad. Buffalo plenty, Antelope plenty, wild geese and sand hills Cranes plenty, chicken snakes numerous, Saw several garter snakes, fine range country Capt Fuller wife raises from 2 to 3000 chickens a year, river bottoms overflow from 2 to 8 miles stiff mud verry waxey has to be cut off wagon wheels Roses are in full bloom in the neighborhood of Uncles as also many wild flowers It is a notable fact that one man [cont’d. p. 36]

[p. 36] burned 60 lbs cotton to make torches of smoke while ploughing his cotton tied to gears to keep flies of [sic] and a lady had to tie one to her horse while riding to preserve him Dec 11th Fri Met several Indians, pretty squaw alone Saw sleeping child on back in Blanket both White Cross cedar creek this days ride broken hills to Wilsons 30 M Saw Isaac Herron Nephew of Mrs. Dixon Reynolds Co Write fell in with company to night 1.20

[p. 37] Dec 12th Sat this morning had Henry L Tuell & Wm P Phillips for company for 2 days Met 20 waggons from Illinois & Mo pretty woman plenty 1 in particular cross Kamichie Indians plenty to Pusleys (old man) 35 miles here got Tom Fuller and comfortable room and lodgings Bill 1.00

John Rice Homer Scott 281

Dec 13th Sun Cross divide between Red & Arks River on top of which I saw where man was killed & burned, lost mitten crossed Porteau [Poteau?] Stand [staid?] McKenneys 35 M 1.00

[p. 38] Record, John Rice Jones John Rice Jones son of John & Ruth Jones born 12th Jany 1819 at Potosi Mo Eliza Harriet Jones born on 16 Oct 1820 at Potosi & married to Felix Chs. Catonnet & died at New Orleans Jefferson Jones born 3 Dec 1822 at Potosi (now decd) Cyrus Edward Jones born the 10th June 1827 Potosi Wm Powell Jones born 20th Sept 1829 at Potosi Friend Milam Jones born on 7th May 1832 at Sanfelipe De Austin Texas now deceased

[p. 39] James Hawkin Jones born 6 May 1834 at Cummins Creek, Fayette Coy Texas Edward Septimus Jones born 10th Septr 1836 (now decd) ______Last marriage to a Mrs Sarah Fidelia Armstrong maiden name (Heard) two children to wit Sarah Fidelia & Guy Myres Dec 14 Mo Left McKennys parted with company 2 mi E about 1 hour afterwards they come in full speed up to me Indians had attacked them to me it was funny Cross line of Indian Country & to Col Cochrans 45 M Last day cross Petit Jean .10

[p. 40] Dec 15 Tue from Cochrans by J O Logans they had left home for Arks River & I thence to Harvy Jamisons 35 miles Dec 16 Wed Now for home thank god being I hope the last day of my journey, Arks River full stayed 3 hours at Hufstedlers would not cross me wind to high same at Norristown & had to stay at J Pennel 30 miles

[p. 41] Births

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M. F. Jones family Register Myres F. Jones & Patsey Peery married 22d June 1825 Births Mary Jane Jones daughter of M. F. & Elsea Jones born Oct 20th A.D. 1821 (first Union) Theodore Augustus Jones born July 3rd 1826 George Peery Jones born on 31st March 31, 1828 [sic] (died Apl 15, 1828) Oscar Peery Jones born on the 22d Augt 1830 Amelia Scott Jones born Oct 11th 1833

[p. 42] Elsea Maria Jones born Febry 20th 1836 Andrew Thompson Jones born May 24th 1840 Henry Mc Jones born the 18th Novr 1842 Margaret Eliza Jones born Dec 10th 1844

[p. 43] Deaths of Both Families John Rice Jones died on the 5th Novr 1846 at his residence Cummins Creek, Fayette Coy Myres Fisher Jones died on the 21st day of Octr 1846 at San Felipe De Austin Texas

[p. 44] John R Alexander and Mary Jane Jones married 30th of Novr AD 1843 had one son to wit John Myres (dead) Saw James Rogers & Jacob Ingle going to Chambers Creek send respects to J & G Duval their Bro Buck coming to Texas about Christmas they got liberty

[p. 45] Surteh [sic] 520 or 640 upland good spring tall black oak out by Canady (Blacksmith) Pans for 50 cts or less Oxen at $75 & more Horses $100 Cows $10

Fordyce Business Women 283

WOMEN IN BUSINESS IN FORDYCE, CLEVELAND COUNTY, ARKANSAS Transcribed by William T. Carter

Tri-County Advocate, Fordyce, Arkansas, 25 November, 1926, p. 10.1

Local Women In the Realm of Business

Women of Fordyce Who Are In Business for Themselves

By Mrs. G. E. Parnell

The success of women of today in the business world is the outgrowth of many years of striving under adverse conditions, with grim determination to succeed. Their success has the solid foundation of service, which has not come up overnight like the mushroom, but was begun in Eve’s day when she assisted Adam in their required duties. Each generation has seen women striving in her household, rearing her family, assisting in overcoming financial difficulties, and in many other ways doing good for mankind. In olden times the wives were the weavers of the cloth, as well as the tailors of the family’s garments (including the men’s garments). Thus they started forth in the business world unheralded. With the coming of the twentieth century, women of all classes, rich and poor alike, manifested a keen interest in the commercial world. Already women were serving as teachers, sales ladies, stenographers, and in a few other capacities as business women, but with the entrance of the United States in the World War, the women of the nation, in one accord stepped forth and filled the vacancies made by the men going forth to battle, and so efficient were they, that they have usurped the throne in many business circles and forced the men on their return to seek other employment. So with their success from time to time, confidence has been instilled, until now our women are not content with success as a helper, have founded establishments of their own, and to the women of Fordyce who have taken this step, and succeeded in a great way, this article is devoted.

1 Arkansas History Commission MFILM NEWS 000180 Roll 2, Tri-County Advocate, Fordyce, July 8, 1926-December 2, 1926.

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One of our leaders in business circles is Mrs. B. M. Bowe, who began her business career about twenty years ago, as a bookkeeper for the Fordyce Hardware Company, in which capacity she served until her marriage. After her marriage, the Fordyce Furniture Company was purchased from Owens and Ricks, and Mrs. Bowe immediately took up the duties as bookkeeper there. Three years ago the Fordyce Furniture Co., was sold, and it was at this time that Mrs. Bowe became active manager of the Bow Apartments, which had been purchased from Mrs. J. R. Howell. The house then consisted of only four apartments, and under Mrs. Bowe’s able management the entire building was remodled [sic] and the annex built, which when completed, consisted of nine apartments of two, three and four rooms. These apartments are modern and complete in every respect, everything including china, linen and silver being furnished. In one voice the occupants of the apartment state that the home-like spirit that prevails is one of the greatest assets. Another noteworthy feature is that Mrs. Bowe gives each occupant the privilege of entertaining in her spacious living room, and also furnishes china, silver and linen for the occasion. The success that is hers is the outgrowth of untiring efforts, and cooperation with the occupants of her apartments to make each an individual home. Miss Fannie P. Smith began her career as an instructor in the public schools, in which capacity she served for five years. After her retirement from this work, she painted Christmas cards to consume her idle time, which work proved to be the beginning of her art work. A year ago in her home, the Fordyce Art and Gift shop was formally opened. Dainty handmade gifts, and many other novelties were on display. During the holiday season Miss Smith maintained a down town store and each day showed a steady increase in sales. At the present time the shop is located in the Koonce building, and many new and varied lines are being shown. Miss Smith went to New York in the summer where she purchased many rare and unique numbers for her shop. Among them will be found pottery from Italy, peasant pottery from Hungary, old vases from Germany, and Austria, varied articles from Japan, and many pieces of brass from China and India. Miss Smith also formed the Book Club a few months ago, which is destined to be the beginning of a public library for Fordyce. Many other items that go to complete every minute detail of a gift shop may be had here.

Fordyce Business Women 285

Less obscure possibly, but of interest to everyone is the business of Mrs. M. T. Clary. Back in 1910 after the death of Mr. Clary, she went to Tennessee on a visit, and while there took a course in baking and fancy decorating of cakes, under the direction of the famous cook, Mrs. Betty Lyle Wilson. After her return home she took up the baking of cakes as a profession, and the success she has achieved is remarkable. She has shipped cakes to every state in the United States, except five, which is an unusual record. Sales records have varied from time to time, with the banner month coming in February, 1914, when her net profit amounted to $219.00. She does not confine her cooking to the baking of cakes, but cooks many other things, as well as serving banquets and dinners. Holiday cakes are now in the making and an order is on file for a cake to be sent to Brazil, South America, which will be her first foreign shipment. Mrs. Clary consumes her odd time by doing various needlework, including fancy smocking of children’s dresses, baby coats and caps. These articles are usually sold before completed, but when they have not been purchased they are sent to various gift shops. She has sent work to many states including Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, Colorado, California and Michigan. With the shortening of the women’s tresses a new business was ushered into the city with Mrs. L. W. Ferres as its capable manager. Mrs. Ferres opened the Ferres Beauty Parlor in 1924, and it has enjoyed a steady growth. Before opening the business Mrs. Ferres went to Terra [sic] Haute, Ind., where she took a complete beauty course. All the latest equipment for the opening, with a permanent wave machine, being added later [sic]. Mrs. Ferres has taken post work in both Memphis and Little Rock, and has just returned from Dallas, where she attended a meeting of beauty specialists. She also took lessons in the Vita-Compound process of permanent waving, with the famous Paul Rilling as instructor. Mrs. Ferris [sic] first entered the commercial world, as a seamstress and later took up hemstitching in which work she was highly successful. Mrs. Tom Graham is a pioneer business woman of Fordyce, having begun her business career twenty years ago, with the opening of her floral shop. Each year has shown a steady growth, and a new greenhouse has been constructed to take care of this additional business. Mrs. Graham grows many beautiful flowers, including chrysanthemums, roses, dahlias, geraniums and many other flowers.

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In 1923 Mrs. S. E. Adams and her daughter Mrs. W. C. Williams opened the Fordyce Floral Company. The business had enjoyed a steady growth since the opening, and varied lines have been added to their stock including flowers, pot plants, bulbs, shrubbery and baskets. With the increase of the business, another green house has been added, also a rose garden, where roses and sweet peas are grown. We have many other women who have made progress in the business world, but the above mentioned are the women who have made success, in businesses that are not found in every town of this size.

NINETY THOUSAND “HELLOS” PER MONTH

In mentioning the group of women and girls engaged in gainful pursuit in Fordyce no list would be complete without the names of the “central” girls who take care of the calls of the Home Telephone Company. These girls are May Porter, Ruth Porter, Terrell Henry, Elizabeth Coleman, Verda Easterling, Wynetta Bowers, Lila Parker, Noda Parker, Ellie McClain. The average number of calls answered daily by these operators is 3004. In a single month they have answered ninety thousand one hundred and twenty calls in Fordyce. Any business house with three thousand daily customers would be doing an extraordinary business but that is just the number that the local telephone operators handle every day through the year including Sundays and holidays, for the service must be in continuous operation without stop. In addition to this large number of local calls there are three thousand long distance calls to be attended to each month. The telephone company after years of experience has found that girls are much better operators than men or boys. Their voices are more pleasant and for this reason only girls are employed as operators. There are seven hundred and fifty one telephones on the local switchboard any one of which may be connected in an instant to any other phone in the country from New York to California. Of the millions of calls handled daily, all are taken care of by the women and girls engaged in business to-day.

James Pope Wells 287

THE “PRIOR” BIRTH OF JAMES POPE WELLS OF RANDOLPH COUNTY, ARKANSAS

Nina Corbin [email protected]

James Pope Wells applied for a birth certificate from the state of Arkansas on 26 August 1942 when he was nearly eighty-two years old. Because he had been born on 28 November 1860, his resulting certificate was labeled a “Prior”, indicating a birth that occurred previous to the beginning of state registration of births in 1914. His certificate contains one of the earliest birth dates found on the Priors certificates.

On his certificate James stated he had been born in Water Valley, Randolph County, Arkansas, and his parents were John and Harriet (Alcorn) Wells. His father, a farmer, was said to have been thirty-nine years old at the time of James’s birth and had been born in Washington County, Missouri. The certificate says James’s mother was thirty-one

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when he was born, and she had been born in Randolph County as he had. James was the seventh child born to his mother, with one child having died. His sister Margaret E. White signed the document in 1942 certifying before a notary that she knew the facts of her brother’s birth.1 Research sources show that John Wells, the father of James, was born in Washington County, Missouri, 4 January 1821, but he lived in Randolph County, Arkansas, nearly all his life, his family having moved there shortly after his birth. John’s parents, Thomas H. and Barbara (Maybary/Maybery) Wells, had moved to Lawrence County, Arkansas, from Tennessee about 1820. They then briefly moved to Washington County, Missouri, but soon returned to Lawrence County. John had learned the tanning trade from his father and had engaged in both tanning and farming until the outbreak of the Civil War. Along with six of his brothers, he joined the Confederate Army and was involved in several battles and skirmishes. All seven men returned safely from the war. John returned to farming and was very successful.2 John Wells and Harriet Alcorn married on 13 July 1848 in Randolph County.3 Harriet was born 5 December 1828. Nine children were born to them, three sons and six daughters: Mariah; William M.; Margaret Elizabeth, who married Henry Shelton White; Susan S., who married James McLain; Thomas H.; Lola M., who married Robert Stubblefield; our subject James Pope; Mollie Johnnie, who married Rufus C. Dalton; and Maud Gertrude, who married Andrew Franklin Rickman. All lived to adulthood with the exception of Mariah, who died before the age of 10.4 John Wells died 3 March 1907 and Harriet died 6 May 1910.5 James Pope Wells married Rosannah Borland on 4 February 1883 in Randolph County, Arkansas.6 Her name also has been found as

1James Pope Wells Prior Birth Certificate, 1942 Filing, Binder 1, Volume 341, certificate 2751; Arkansas Department of Health, Division of Vital Records, Little Rock, Arkansas. 2 Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Northeast Arkansas (Southern Historical Press, Easley, South Carolina), 441-442. 3 County Clerk, Pocahontas, Randolph County, Arkansas, Marriage Book 1, 123; Family History Library [FHL] microfilm 1293693. 4 Lawrence Dalton, History of Randolph County, Arkansas ( Democrat Printing and Lithographing Co.: Little Rock, Arkansas, 1946), 327-328. 5 Upshaw Cemetery Records, Randolph County, Arkansas, RootsWeb site accessed 26 Jun 2009 at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~randolph/cemetery/upshaw.html. 6 County Clerk, Pocahontas, Randolph County, Arkansas, Marriage Book 6, 36; FHL microfilm 1293695

James Pope Wells 289

Rosana Bolin and Rose Anna. Both were living in Elevenpoint Township of Randolph County when they married. Over the years they had eleven children, but only one son and four daughters survived to adulthood. The 1900 census of Randolph County lists the following children: Della born July 1885, John born Dec 1887, and Rosa Nell born Apr 1898. At that time Rosanna was said to have had ten children with only three living.7 At the time of the 1910 census, the following children were in the Wells household: Nellie R. age 12, Ella M. age 9, and Bessie N. age 7. On this census Rosanna said she had borne twelve children with seven still living.8 Cemetery records show a son born and died 8 August 1884; a daughter Mirtie L. born 6 November 1889 and died 13 August 1895; daughter Lively born 13 July 1892 and died 5 November 1893; an infant daughter born and died 8 November 1893; a son James T. born 14 August 1895 and died 11 April 1899; and a son William J. born 14 February 1897 and died 14 March 1897.9 Rosanna had been born 26 July 1862.10 She died 17 January 1933 at home in Dalton, in Randolph County, of pneumonia. Her husband, James, son John, daughter Della Wooldridge, all of Dalton, daughters Mrs. Ella Bilbrey of Memphis, Mrs. Nell Shaver of St. Louis, and Mrs. Bess Losli of Oregon survived her.11 James was a farmer and a stockman, shipping his cattle to St. Louis for sale.12 He was a resident of Randolph County until he moved to Hanford, Kings County, California, in 1940, to live with his son John and daughter Bess Losli. He died in Hanford 23 October 1946, but was

7 James Wells household, 1900 census, Randolph County, Arkansas, population schedule, town of Davidson, ED 105, sheet 9A, dwelling and family 143, NA microfilm T623, roll 74. 8 James Wells household, 1910 U.S. census, Randolph County, Arkansas, population schedule, Davidson township, ED 115, sheet 1B, dwelling and family 12, NA microfilm T624, roll 63. 9 Upshaw Cemetery Records, Randolph County, Arkansas, RootsWeb site accessed 26 Jun 2009 at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~randolph/cemetery/upshaw.html. 10 Ibid. 11 Rosanna Wells obituary, Pocahontas Star Herald, Pocahontas, Arkansas, 19 January 1933, p. 8. 12 Burton Ray Knotts, Historical and Genealogical Abstracts from Randolph County, Arkansas, Newspapers of 1912 (Conway, Arkansas, Arkansas Research, Inc.), 82, 197;

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buried in the Upshaw Cemetery, near Dalton, in Randolph County.13 Surviving children were John Wells and Mrs. Bess Losli of Hanford, California, Mrs. Della Wooldridge of Corning, Mrs. Nell Shaver of St. Louis, and Mrs. Ella Bilbrey of Memphis. James had applied for a birth certificate just four years before he died. His certificate was a 1942 filing, placed in Binder 1, Vol. 341, and stamped with certificate number 2751. If you find a family member listed in the Prior Birth Index published by the Arkansas Genealogical Society, there are several ways to obtain a copy of the Prior birth certificate. It may be obtained in person from the Vital Records Division of the Arkansas Department of Health located at 4815 W. Markham Street in Little Rock. You may use the website www.healthyarkansas.com to download an application and mail it to the Department of Health, Division of Vital Records, 4815 W. Markham, Slot 44, Little Rock, AR 72205-3867. Or you may call 501- 661-2726 and use the credit card system or visit the website www.vitalchek.com to order. Be sure to indicate “Prior Certificate” and provide name of child, year of filing, binder number, volume number, and certificate number.

13 James Wells obituary, Pocahontas Star Herald, Pocahontas, Arkansas, 31 October 1946, p. 4.

Arkansas News in the Texas State Gazette 291

ARKANSAS NEWS IN THE TEXAS STATE GAZETTE1 Transcribed by Carolyn Earle Billingsley, Ph. D.

Arkansas.

The present State debt is set down at four millions of dollars. The interest for 1854 amounts to nearly a quarter of a million of dollars. To the sum now drawing interest, about $180,000 is annually added.

Corn Crops.—The Democrat, at Little Rock, says that the continued drought has settled the question as to corn crops! they are gone.

The Cholera had made its appearance in Richland township. Twelve fatal cases are reported on one plantation. So says the Pine Bluff Republican of the the [sic] 29th ult.

Col. Rust the democratic candidate for Congress, has made a tour through the Western and some of the Northern counties, but finding no opposition, he returned to his residence. Col. Rust stands deservedly high with his party.

Wm. A. Jones, Esq., of St. Francis county, has been put on the Legislative ticket in place of James Stotts, who declined the honor in consequence of bad health. Mr. J. V. Cross has withdrawn from the canvass for the State Senate, leaving the field open for Mr. Jones.

The Arkansas river was very low on the 27th ult., and navigation may be regarded a[s] closed until a rise takes place.

Rev. Mr. Green, a very learned and talented minister of the Presbyterian church at Little Rock, Ark., died at the residence of Mr. C. Worley in Memphis Tennessee.

The Whigs of Phillips county, Arkansas, have nominated J. W. Rice, and Allen J. Polk for the Legislature.

1 Transcribed from the Texas State Gazette, 16 September 1854 (online at www.GenealogyBank.com; accessed 16 March 2008).

292 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

We are gratified to be able to inform the public, on the authority of Capt. Williams, chief engineer, that the surveys of the Cairo and Fulton railroad are completed, and that they will be reported as soon as the estimates, plans, maps, and profiles can be made.

We learn also that the route of this road runs through a country remarkably well adapted to railroad construction, that it will be very direct with light grades, and that the cost of construction will not exceed, and may fall below, the average of western roads.

An affray took place in Lower Fourche township, Yell county, Ark., on election day, between J. Harril and P. Noover, in which the latter was killed.

Capt. Danley has sent his resignation of the Auditor’s office to the Governor, to take effect the 16th of next month.

Greenwood is elected to congress without opposition.

W. D. Rice and Robert Macon (dem.) have been elected to the Legislature from Phillips. Monroe County.—P.P. Redmond elected to the Legislature. N. T. Hardwick elected Clerk; S. P. Hughes, Sheriff; E. Black, county Judge.

St. Francis.—Anatall and Calvert (dem’s) elected to the House In the Senatorial district, composed of Poinsett and St Francis, Jones (dem) elected. Crittenden—for Legislature—J. F. Bartoe (over his opponent, Maj. Ward) 135. For sheriff—B. C. Crump (over his opponent, Campbell Jones) 125.—County Judge (over his opponent, Maj. Wilson) Dr. W. Rives, 100.

Arkansas Ancestry Certificates 293

Arkansas Ancestry Certificates

Arkansas Nineteenth Century Ancestry Certificate for Sharon D. Moore

Submitted by Sharon D. Moore 1061 S. Deacon Detroit, MI 48217-1610 313-842-0177 [email protected]

Sharon D. Moore received a Certificate of Arkansas Ancestry for the Nineteenth Century period based on documentation submitted for the following lineage. The Nineteenth Century ancestor was Willie Mae White. Willie was in Phillips Co., Arkansas, on or before 1 November 1899, based on the State of Arkansas Prior Birth Certificate signed by her mother.

294 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Arkansas Antebellum Ancestry Certificate for Vive Rebecca Elizabeth Allen

Submitted by Vive Rebecca Elizabeth Allen 7210 Hwy 7 S Harrison, AR 72601 870-365-8894 [email protected]

Vive Rebecca Elizabeth Allen received a Certificate of Arkansas Ancestry for the Antebellum period based on documentation submitted for the following lineage. The Antebellum ancestor was William McIlroy. William was in Madison Co., Arkansas, on or before June 1838 based on the Goodspeed History of Northwestern Arkansas.

Arkansas Ancestry Certificates 295

Arkansas Antebellum Ancestry Certificate for Margie O. Koutroulis

Submitted by Margie O. Koutroulis 207 Rainbow Dr PMB 10706 Livingston, TX 77399-2007 1-936-327-9847 [email protected]

Margie O. Koutroulis received a Certificate of Arkansas Ancestry for the Antebellum period based on documentation submitted for the following lineage. The Antebellum ancestor was James W. Lemons. James was in Hot Spring Co., Arkansas, on or before July 1860 based on the 1860 Hot Spring Co., Arkansas, census.

296 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Arkansas Queries

Members may submit as many queries as they wish at any time. E-mail to [email protected] or post to AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374.

ADAMS – I need help in finding information concerning the parents of Robert J. Adams (John Robert "Bob" Adams) and Eliza C. Adams. Eliza C. Adams's maiden name is possibly Thomas. Their children were orphaned young. Their daughter Eliza Jane Adams (married a Cockerell, then a Cobbs) eventually moved to California, where she died in Tulare California in 1956. George Washington Adams and his brother Joseph "Joe" moved to Oklahoma. The male DNA line haplogroup is R1a. The family is found in James Twp, Scott Co AR in 1880: Robert J. ADAMS, b c1824; Eliza C. ADAMS, b c1850; Eliza J. ADAMS, b c1872; Robert H. ADAMS, b c1879. Son George Washington Adams was born 30 June 1882. If you have information, please contact Bryan David Adams, 723 S. Oliphant St., Holdenville, OK 74848; [email protected]

COLLINS – O’NEAL – RILEY – I’m seeking information on the family of my maternal grandmother, Sammy Ida Collins b 13 July 1880 Greenwood, Sebastian Co AR, m Jasper Newton O’Neal (son of Andrew Jackson O’Neal & Virginia W. Bass) in Fort Smith in 1905. Sammy was the oldest daughter of Adaline Riley and Robert Jasper Collins (son of Larkin Collins & Elizabeth Smith) who married 1878 Logan Co, AR. Adaline Riley d abt 1893. My grandmother said her parents were buried in a Caulksville Cemetery but I can find no record for them. Robert Jasper Collins remarried, name of 2nd wife unknown. My grandmother and her sister, Elizabeth, were raised in foster homes – they lost contact with their brother, Tom, and their father. Adaline Riley, 6 yrs old, is listed in the 1860 US Census (Six Mile Twp, Franklin Co AR) in the household of R. Riley, female, with younger children, Alfred (4 yrs) and Charity, (2 yrs) – all born in AR. There are many Rileys buried in the Caulksville Cemetery. The household directly next to R. Riley in the 1860 census is headed by Charity Weldon, born 1804 in SC, with Samuel (24), A. J. (21) and Charles (13) Weldon, all born in AR. Charity died in 1862, buried in Caulksville. The 1850 US Census lists Charity Weldon (45, b AL) in Middle, Franklin Co AR, a head of household with 2 older children, William (23) and

Arkansas Queries 297

Rebecca (17), born the same year as the R. Riley in the 1860 census plus a younger child named Samuel. Could my grandmother, Sammy, be named for an uncle? I would be so grateful if anyone has information to share about the Riley and Weldon families. Bonnie Marie Goul Huffaker, PO Box 879, Heber City, UT 84032, [email protected]

DAVIS – I am searching for information regarding my g-g grandfather, William Davis. He lived in Yell Co, AR at the time of the 1880 census, but does not appear in any records that I’ve located since then. Family history is that he was the first person to die in an automobile accident in Yell Co. I have not been able to verify that as I cannot pinpoint a date of death which hampers my ability to find newspaper articles or even an obituary. William was married to Elizabeth (last name unknown) and they had several children including my g-grandfather, Andrew Jackson Davis, who was born in 1864. He died in Yell Co on 23 Mar 1910 after having been trampled to death by horses. I have not found an obituary or newspaper article relating to him, either. Andrew Jackson Davis was married to Mary Ann “Annie” Myers and they had several children including my grandfather, Raymond Andrew Davis, who was born in 1901. I would appreciate any help I can get in locating information on these folks. Thank you! Allen Ray Davis, 260-66 American Canyon Rd, American Canyon, CA 94503, [email protected]

IRWIN – BROWN – McINTIRE – I am looking for any information on the families of John Wesley Irwin, William Brown or Ida McIntire who lived in Mississippi Co AR in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Mamie Parker, 20838 W. Foxtail Ct., Plainfield, IL 60544, [email protected]

RIGEL – Looking for death of my grandmother, Dollie Jane (Thomas) Rigel, died 2 July 1922, buried in Riverside Cemetery, Mammoth Spring, Fulton Co, AR. Arkansas Vital Records has no death certificate for her, nor does Missouri Vital Records. We know from her obituary that she died and was buried in AR. Obituary: Mrs. Dollie Jane Rigel, born in Bates County, Missouri, October 4, 1880, entered into rest July 2, 1922, after a lingering illness, aged 41 years 8 months and 28 days. She was married to D. B. Rigel September 5, 1900, to which union 9 children were born. Her departure is mourned by the husband, eight children, three grand-children, one brother, four sisters and many kind friends. Funeral services were conducted from the Fairview home by Elder

298 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

H. N. McKee, pastor of the Christian church of Mammoth Spring, Ark., and the body was laid to rest in Riverside Cemetery, followed thence by a procession of representative people. Janisue Rigel, 10809 West Timberwagon Circle, The Woodlands, TX 77380, [email protected]

ANSWER: The obituary is the best proof of her life, death and burial you will find. Arkansas did not require death certificates until 1914 and many citizens and counties did not comply with the law for decades after.

VALLEY STAR CIRCLE – In the Washington Cemetery in Cherry Valley, Cross Co AR, several tombstones have the designation “Valley Star Circle 350.” What is the meaning of this designation? James S. Walker, 9699 County Rd SS, Amherst Junction, WI 54407, [email protected]

WHITE – DAVIS – My grandmother, Emily Ann Davis, b 29 Jul 1879 Batesville, Independence Co AR married 1st Carroll Mathney. He and one of their twin sons died about 1903. Next, she married Charles Edward White in Newport, Jackson Co AR in 1906. He was born 21 Jan 1880 in WV. They moved to Union Parish LA where in the 1910 census he was listed as a fireman with the railroad. He registered for the WWI draft while living in Newport again and his occupation was listed as pipe line worker with Cosden Co. of Tulsa OK. I can find nothing else about him after this registration on 10 Sep 1918. Emily married her 3rd husband, Chas. Conyers on 26 July 1919. I would like to know what happened to Charles Edward White. I would also like information about a train that ran from Crane, MO to Crossett, Ashley Co AR to Farmerville, LA. Marion Wood Hilton, 7677 Watson Rd. #101, St. Louis, MO 63119-5092, [email protected]

TAYLOR – LAY – YOUNGER – METHVIN – I joined AGS so that I may research my mother’s family from Marion County. Names include Taylor, Lay, Younger, Methvin and perhaps others unknown presently. I’m especially interested in data on the AR Peace Society. Thank you very much! Ann Doolen, 13440 Co. Rd. 1390E, Havana, IL 62644, [email protected]

Book Reviews 299

Book Reviews

Chickasaw by Blood Enrollment Cards 1898-1914, Volume III. Transcribed by Jeff Bowen. Clearfield Company, affiliated with Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore, Maryland, 2010. 238 pages include index. Glossy paper cover. $29.50 + $5.50 postage and handling. Order from www.genealogical.com

The third volume in this series brings to print more than 3000 additional names from the 1898-1914 enrollment, or census, cards created by the Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. Mr. Bowen transcribes the pre-printed cards or loose sheets of paper labeled “Chickasaw Nation. Chickasaw Roll (Not Including Freedmen with Residence County).” The cards transcribed in this volume can be found on National Archives microfilm series M-1186: Roll 68, 663-1424. These are part of the Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group (RG) 75 and are housed in the Archives Branch of the Federal Archives and Records Center at Fort Worth, Texas. Both Mr. Bowen’s introduction and the included NARA description and explanation of “Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes 1898-1914” from their American Indians Catalogue are very informative as to the origin of and the kind of information included. The transcriber duplicates the card as much as possible in the space available in the book by presenting the information in a chart format that somewhat follows the card format. Card numbers were not recorded on the original cards. Other information fields include residence, post office, name, relationship to first-named person, age, sex, blood, year, county, and page of tribal enrollment. On the same card is the tribal enrollment of parents including their names, year of enrollment, and county of enrollment. County may denote non-citizen, ethnicity, or Chickasaw Roll besides the actual county such as Pontotoc, Tishomingo, or Pickens. Below each “card” in this volume the transcriber has included information such as Dawes roll number, other name listings, transfers to other cards, birth and death dates, listings on payrolls, doubtful spouses or spouses in other tribes, and marriage license and certificate on file. The book is easy to use because of the complete index, which includes surnames, given names, and Indian names.

Susan G. Boyle Little Rock, Arkansas

300 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Defenders of the Plantation of Ulster 1641-1691. Compiled by Brian Mitchell. Clearfield Company, affiliated with Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore, Maryland, 2010. 64 pages. Glossy paper cover. $25.00 + $5.50 postage and handling. Order at www.genealogical.com.

In this book Brian Mitchell compiles for the researcher of Irish families two important lists: the Muster Roll of the Garrison of Londonderry during the Rebellion of 1642-1643 and the Defenders of Ireland during the Williamite War of 1689-1691. Following the defeat of the native Irish by 1603 and the flight of the Lords of Ulster to the continent in 1607, large numbers of English and Scottish families settled in the northern part of Ireland. The Plantation of English subjects on the estates of former Gaelic chiefs was an attempt to resist the native Irish. The settlers came in three different periods: between 1605 and 1625, after 1652 and Cromwell’s crushing of the Irish rebellion, and after 1690 and the Glorious Revolution. The “island” of Derry within a loop of the River Foyle was chosen as the site of a fortification between Tyrone and Donegal to defend the plantation of Ulster. The first list contains the names of 905 men who served to man the fortification during the 1641 rebellion. The “Muster rolls of foot companies in the garrison of Londonderry” come from Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, T808/15176, taken from National Archives, London, State Papers Domestic, Commonwealth Exchequer Papers, bundles 120 and 121. The list is alphabetical and includes surname, first name, rank and company. Commanders raised their soldiers from among their or their neighbor’s tenants, so the parish of the commander may be the area of residence of the soldier. The second list named above comes from William R. Young’s Fighters of Derry Their Deeds and Descendants: Being a Chronicle of Events in Ireland during the Revolutionary Period 1688-1691. According to Mitchell, it includes 1,660 persons “who were named in contemporary sources and accounts as playing an active or supportive role in the successful Williamite campaign of 1689-1691.” Many of these “defenders” emigrated to the colonies of North America within a generation.

Susan G. Boyle Little Rock, Arkansas

Index 301

Index

E. Malcolm, Rev., Justin, 267 246 Bennett A Armstrong Elizabeth, Mrs., Adams Josiah N., 266 255 Bryan David, 296 Sarah Fidelia, Mrs., W. M., 255 Electa, Mrs., 251 281 Bertrand Eliza C., 296 Ash Arabella Jane, 253 Eliza Jane, 296 G. W., 263 Bilbrey George Ella, 289, 290 Washington, 296 B Billingsley Joseph, 296 Carolyn Earle, 291 L. C., Rev., 253 Bacon Black President, 258 H. G., 254 A. J., 249 Robert J., 296 Baker E., 292 S. E., Mrs., 286 Russell P., 248 Black Fox, 254 Alcorn Baran Blain, 249 Harriet, 287, 288 Nancy, 273 Blucher, 272 Alexander Barling Boikin John R., 270, 282 Sophia, 263 George, 275 Mary, 263 Barnett Bolin Allen Curry, 253 Rosana, 289 Capt., 263 Leroy, 256 Bollinger Dan McIlroy, 294 Barnhart Catherine, 280 Daniel Meredith, Levi, 260 Bone 294 Bartoe James, 262 George T., 262 J. F., 292 Booth George Thomas, Bass Thomas, 267 263 Virginia W., 296 Borland Harold Henley, 294 Bates Rosannah, 288 Russell, 260 Elizabeth W., 259 Born Vive Rebecca Frederick, 258 James, 262 Elizabeth, 294 James Woodson, Bowe Anatall, 292 251, 258, 259 B. M., Mrs., 284 Anderson Bawley, 277 Bowen Dr., 269, 274 Beame Jeff, 299 Hugh A., 261 James L., 257 Bowers Kate, 261 Jeremiah, 257 Wynetta, 286 Andrews Mary, 257 Box J. L., 249 Belcher J., 250 L. J., 249 Joseph, 260 Boyd, 277 Anthony Bell Andrew, 254 Jonathan, 275 Byron, 247 John, 254 Argyle Eli, 260, 266 Maj., 274 Beneux Boyle

302 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Susan G., 268, 299, Chaffin George, 262 300 E., 249 Conyers Brennan Elias, 249 Chas., 298 John, 253 Chaphin Cook Brewer, 277, 278 Elijah, 249 Jones, 263 Brooking Chapman Nancy Adaline, 236 Thomas A., 264 Samuel M., 253 Corbin Brooks Chew Nina, 287 Martha, 294 Robert B., 262 Couch Brown Clark Andrew, 260 A. D., 249 Arabella Jane Crawford A. J., 249 Bertrand, 253 Sarah, 257 Dickson, 277 George W., 251 William, 257 Franklin, 261 Henry, 260 Cross Lieut., 265 Clary J. V., 291 Robert T., 265 M. T., Mrs., 285 Crothers William, 297 Clay W. H., 265 Bryant, 273 Lieut. Col., 260 Crump Buchanan Clemm B. C., 292 John, 252 Joseph M., 262 Wm. G., 271 Buckhanan Cleveland Cumming John, 259 Galvin, 265 David, 251 John, Rev., 267 Cochran, 277, 281 David, Rev., 262 Butler Col., 281 Cunningham Pierce M., 265 Coffee Edward, 254 Pierce Mason, 265 Eugenia E., 254 Henry, 254 George Susan T., 254 Washington, 254 Cupples C Colbert R. B., 263 Cafrey, 279 Malena, Mrs., 262 Caloway Cole D Louisa, 256 Calvin, 252 William, 256 Elvyra, 252 Dalton Calvert, 292 J. E., 250 Rufus C., 288 Campbell J. F., 250 Danley Joseph F., 262 Coleman Capt., 292 Canady, 282 Elizabeth, 286 Daughtery Candy Colfax Bryant, 270 Jno., 251 Schuyler, 238 Davis Capp Collins Allen Ray, 297 Nimrod, 256 Charles O., 255 Andrew Jackson, Carr Elizabeth, 296 297 J. H, Rev., 262 John, 259 Elizabeth, 297 Carter Larkin, 296 Emily Ann, 298 James, 249 Robert Jasper, 296 Jeff, 238 William T., 283 Sammy Ida, 296 Raymond Andrew, Catonnet Tom, 296 297 Felix Chs., 281 Colsher William, 297

Index 303

Dennington Enolee Frunk, 277 J., 250 Chief, 254 Fuller John, 249, 250 Eppler Capt., 270, 276, Dickinson Jonathan, 253 280 Wiley, 259 Ester Tom, 280 Dickson Jas. J., 262 John B., 267 Euper Nancy, 267 Powell, 254 G Dillard Evans Galloway John, 251 Thomas, 249 Charles A., 253 John J., 261 Gibson Dinsmore F Robert S., 255 A. W., 261 Sarah P., 255 Dolton Fears Gill Sam, 277 Ebenezer B., 262 W., 252 Donaldson Ferres Glenn Thomas P., 253 L. W., Mrs., 285 Joseph B., 254 Doolen Field Margaret, 254 Ann, 298 Judith Ellen, 263 Goreham Dorriss William, 263 W., 253 M. W., 264 Fisher Graham Dowell William, 253 Tom, Mrs., 285 Hardin, 262 Flemman Grant Drennen, 269 Caledonia, 257 President, 238 Drew Henry, 257 Green Governor, 264 Susan, 257 Rev. Mr., 291 Dugan Fletch Greenwood, 292 Thomas, 254 John H. H., 266 Griffin Durham Folsom James W., 253 Joab, 263 David, 265 Grubb Duval Israel, 265 Jacob, 252 Annie, 265 McKee, 265 Lucinda, Mrs., 252 Benjamin T., 263 Forrester Buck, 282 Rufus, 262 G., 282 Forsman H J., 282 Susanna, 264 Hamilton Miranda Julia, 265 Foster Bill, 272 DuVal Henry S., 253 Hammond Edward W., 265 James Sanford, 253 Andrew, 264 Josiah, 253, 266 Hancock E Riley, 267 John, 252, 254 Freeman Hanks Easterling Amanda G., 263 Bill, 251 Verda, 286 Bryan H., 263 Hardin Edmondson Harriet, 263 Col., 260 Samuel, 266 William G., 263 Howell, 262 Empson French Hardwick J., 277 Robert M., 254 N. T., 292

304 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

Sarah, Mrs., 256 Hinds Thomas Jefferson, Harkey David, 256 261 Monroe, 277 Margaret A., Mrs., Irwin Harper 255 John Wesley, 297 John H., 266 Hodges, 277 Harrell Hogan, 277 Isham, 253 David, 261 J John, 254 Hogg Jackson John H., 254 Shelby, 260 Andrew, 254 Mahulda A., 253 Holcombe J., 249 Harril Jno., Rev., 256 Philip, 269 J., 292 Hooker, 275 S., 249 Harris, 269 Hopkins, 276 William A., 256 James M., 262 L., 269 Jamison Hart, 275 Houck Harvy, 281 Jackson, 275 William A., 262 Jefferson Malinda, 275 Houston, 277 Emeline F., 255 Mary Jane, 275 S., 250 Jeffreys Hazen Howard Marmaduke N., 263 Thomas, 254, 267 James, 252 Johnson Heald Marietta Emaline, John B., 255 J. H., 255 252 Nancy, 295 Heard Howell R. W., 262 Joseph H., 266 H. B., 256, 264 Jones, 292 Joseph H., Capt., Harvey B., Rev., Amelia Scott, 282 255 255 Andrew Thompson, Sarah Fidelia, 281 J. R., Mrs., 284 282 Henley Johnson, 255 Campbell, 292 Wordna R., 294 Howlit Cyrus Edward, 281 Henry Maj., 270 Edward Septimus, Terrell, 286 Huffaker 281 Hensley Bonnie Marie Goul, Eliza Harriet, 281 Mary, 251 297 Elsea, 282 Herring Hufstedler, 281 Elsea Maria, 282 Annie Elizabeth, Hughes Friend Milam, 281 295 S. P., 292 George Peery, 282 Herron Hunter Guy Myres, 281 Isaac, 280 James M., 255 Henry Mc., 282 Hicks Obediah, 255 James Hawkin, 281 J. A., 256 Jefferson, 281 Hill I John, 281 John, 252 John Myres, 282 Hilton Ingle John Rice, 281, 282 Marion Wood, 298 Jacob, 282 Margaret Eliza, 282 Hilyard Ingram Mary Jane, 282 Catherine, 280 Mary, 258 Myres, 270, 280 Hincle Irvin Myres F., 268, 282 W., 249 Myres Fisher, 282

Index 305

Oscar Peery, 282 James M., 252 Lowry R., 250 Larimore David R., 253 Ruth, 281 Thomas, 262 Lyman Sarah Fidelia, 281 Laster Abner, 242, 243 Theodore Augustus, John, 267 Ed, 243 282 Laughlin, 272 Edmond, 238 W. C., 250 Ledbetter Edmund, 239, 242, W. W., 250 Frances, 263 244 Wm. A., 291 Henry, 263 Edmund Strong, Wm. Powell, 281 John, 263 245 Judson Rufus, 264 Emily Winn, 238, Ichabod L., 258 Thomas, 263 239, 241, 242, Wilie, 264 243, 244, 245 K Lemons Dollie Ellen, 295 M Kannady James W., 295 J. R., 263 William David, 295 MacLean Kellam William Madison, William, Rev., 258 Charles Rice, 257 295 Macon Elizabeth, 257 Lester Robert, 292 Kelly A., 254 Main Joel, 253 Felix G., 254 John H. T., 260 Kemp Lincoln Marean J., 262 Lemuel R., 265 Abbigail, 267 Key Louisa D., 265 Abigail, Mrs., 256 George W., 263 Lindsey Ada, 256 Mary, Mrs., 263 William D., 235 Ada Henry, 267 King Little Joseph P., 256, 267 Florence, 293 Howell, 256 Marshall Timothy Roger, John G., 256 Isaac M., 252 293 Logan W. K., Rev., 262, Kirkham Chs., 278, 279 264, 267 R. W., 257 Civility, 278 William K., Rev., Knox Col., 278 266 Eudora, Mrs., 251 D., 278 Martin George W., 251 J. O., 281 George, 261 Hugh, 251 James, 257 Joseph, 253 Koutroulis Jonathan, 257 William M., 253 Margie O., 295 Mary, 257 Mathews Nancy, 257 Captain, 243 Looney Mathney L David R., 260 Carroll, 298 Lambert John, 254 Matlock J., 249 Losli C., 249 J. M., 249 Bess, 289, 290 Maybery Landers, 276 Lovejoy Barbara, 288 Keren, 276 James, 260 Mayo Lappington Lowring, 276 Louisa, 252

306 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

McCann Dr., 272 Mussett Francis M., 259 Meredith Wm., 270 Teresa, 259 W. M., 266 Myers McCauley Mickle Mary Ann, 297 M., 269 Harmon, 266 McClain Miles Ellie, 286 Robert W., 254 N McCracken Samuel, 254 Nesbitt, 277 Frances A., 258 Millard James B., 262 McCurry Mary J., 266 Jno., 262 Sarah, 264 Miller Newell McDavid S. R., 271 Rev., 265 James, 260 Mills Nicholson, 277 McGuire Daniel R., 260 Nidever Green, 259 Mitchell George, 254 McIlroy Brian, 300 Jacob, 254 Mary Katherine, Mix Noover 294 Catherine Edith, P., 292 William, 294 257 Norwood McIntire E., 257 George, 260 Ida, 297 Moffet McKee Elijah S., 252 H. N., 298 Robert, 252 O McKenney, 281 Moffett O’Neal McKenny, 281 J. S., Capt., 277 Andrew Jackson, McKissick Moffitts, 277 296 David, 263 Monkhouse, 269 Jasper Newton, 296 McLain Moore Oden James, 288 Benjamin, 259 Henry D., 257 McLean Benjamin, Sr., 258 Odle A., 256, 260, 266 Elizabeth W., 258 John, Jr., 252 A. M., 253 Mathew, 254 Lucinda, 252 Alexander, 258 Sharon Darlene, Ogden Arabelle, 258 293 Jane B., 263 Frances Alenn, 258 Willie Wesley, 293 John B., 259, 260, Lovenia, 258 Morgan, 273 263 McManus Morrell, 270 Laura, 263 D., Rev., 257 Morrill, 269 Oldham McMullin Antoinette, Mrs., W. S., 264 James, 257 263 Oliver Maria N., 257 Cornelia Mary M., 261 McPhearson Antoinette, 263 S. S., 252, 254 Wharton R., 254 Luther C., 263 Shadarach S., 261 McQuaid Morris Otery Michael, 256 Susan, 266 John C., Rev., 255 Mees Morrison Overhultz Dr., 270 Belle, 258 Bernie Louis, 295 Memourthe Daniel, Mrs., 258

Index 307

Margaret Lillian, Wm. P., 280 Reeder 295 Pittman Albert J., 252 J. C., 253, 256 Alvin T., 252 Poage Darcas, 252 P Rev., 263 Emily, 252 Palmer Polk Hiram H., 252 Elizabeth W., 258 Allen J., 291 Malinda J., 252 Parker Pope Mark W., 252 Lila, 286 Burton, 262 Noah, 253 Mamie, 297 Porter Tabitha, 252 Noda, 286 A. R., 262 Reynolds Parks Andrew R., 262 Dixon, Mrs., 280 Adeline, 267 May, 286 Rice Robert, 267 Ruth, 286 J. W., 291 Thomas C., 267 Powell W. D., 292 Parnell Elizabeth, 252 Ricker G. E., Mrs., 283 Powers Reuben, 256 Parow E. D., 254 Rickman Joseph, 267 Price Andrew Franklin, Paschal David C., 255 288 Augustus B., 253 George B., 262 Rigel George W., 253, Pruit D. B., 297 254, 260, 263 Nancy, 267 Dollie Jane, 297 Sarah, 254 Pryor Janisue, 298 Susan, 254 C. D., 251, 262 Riley Patterson Pusley, 280 Adaline, 296 Robert, 264 Alfred, 296 Pearson Q Charly, 296 Benjamin, Rev., Rilling 267 Quesenbury Paul, 285 Peery Thomas, 254, 261 Rives Patsey, 282 William, 260, 267 Dr. W., 292 Pelham Quintard Roane John B., 262 Mary Frances, 241 Mary J., 264 Pennel Quisenbury Samuel C., 264 J., 281 J. S., 265 Roberts Perkins, 261 Augusta, 256 Thomas J., 262 Emily Catherine, Perry R 256 Johnson, 259 Ratliff J. J., Rev., 252, 257 Pettit, 278 Thomas, 256 R. S., 256 Pevehouse Thompson, 256 Samuel S., 264 David, 259 Redding Robertson Phelps George, 267 William B., 267 Almira, 264 Redmond Roddy Calvin, 264 P. P., 292 Major, 257 Thomas, 264 Reed Rogers Phillips Leonard, 277 James, 282

308 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

John, 255, 260 Shannon Stephenson Joseph, 251 James, 255 James, 274 Red, 276 John, 255 Mary A., Mrs., 251 Rose John H., 255 Sterne David, 256 Louisa, 255 Thomas, 251 Horace Boardman, Shaver Stevenson 251 Nell, 289, 290 Charles, 260 Ross Shepperd Remson, 253 Alf, 277 Mary, 256 Samuel, 256 Henry, 260 Thomas, 256 W. W., Rev., 263 Rowark Sherman Young, 264 L. J., 254 S. M., 277 Steward Rudy Shery Darwin, 261 Sarah Ann, 256 G. S., 250 William, 261 Russell, 275 Simpson Stewart Rust William H., 253 Darwin, 261 Col., 291 Sinclare Julia C., 266 Rye Ann, 260 Lieut., 277 M., 277 Skates Lt., 261 George W., 250 Story J. W., 250 John, 262 S Slave Stotts Saffarans, Johnson and Anthony, 260 James, 291 Dickinson, 259 Penny, 264 Strawn Sanders, 274 Smith Green B., 255 Saunders Benjamin, 262 Strayhorn C. C., Mrs., 264 Elizabeth, 296 Samuel D., 263 D. L., Dr., 264 Fannie P., 284 Strong Frances Palestine, James M., 261 Erastus B., 266 264 Snider John, 253 Scott, 278 Cornelius, 253 William, 266 Allen M., 252 Suamma, 267 Stroud, 273 Elizabeth, 256 Susan, 253 Allen, 272 Frances McA., Snowden, 278 Stubblefield Mrs., 263 Sorrell Robert, 288 J. R. H., 271 James, 254 Suiter James A., 263 John, 254 James, 264 Jno., 256 Spates Sweeden John, 262 W. S., 249 John, 249 John Rice Homer, Spivey Swisher 268 James W., 267 Captain, 272 William, 256 Stagner Swon, 277 Sealy Gibson, 260 Dr., 269 Starr T Seamon Henry, Jr., 259 John F., Rev., 255 Stephens Tatom Shannen Alexander, 238 Tom, 277 William G., 254 Dan'l., 269 Taylor

Index 309

A. H., 262 V James J., 262 N., Rev, 261 Weaver Thacker Van Horn, 251 James, 249 W., 250 Vandiver Pleasant B., 266 Tharp A. S., 249 Sidney, 266 Rita, 240 Vaughan W., 249 Thomas John, 256, 260 Weir Dollie Jane, 297 Vauhan, 270 Narcissa, 237 Thompson Vice Narcissa Winn, Calvin M., 263 John, 262 236, 237 David, 253, 263 Vinsant Welch Julia, 263 Isaiah, 252, 253, Rev., 259 Sarah T., 266 254 T. F., 249 Thurston Weldon Emily Drennen, A. J., 296 255 W Charity, 296 Hariet, 262 Walden Charles, 296 Mary J., Mrs., 255 Louisa Lucinda, Chauty, 296 R., Dr., 255 253 Rebecca, 297 Richard, Dr., 262 Thomas, 252, 253, Samuel, 296 Tibbets 255 William, 296 Jonas M., 261 Walker Wells Tobin Eva Mae, 295 Barbara Mayberry, Mary, 257 James S., 298 288 Tomberlin Walters Bessie N., 289 James W., 261 James J., 262 Della, 289 Towels Walthrop Ella M., 289 Joseph, 254 Mrs., 276 Harriet Alcorn, 287 Townley Ward James, 289 Mrs., 255 Augustus W., 264 James Pope, 287, Townsend George, 262 288 C. C., Rev., 263 Jessee, 277 James T., 289 Rev., 251, 260 Lucy Ann, 262 John, 287, 288, Tramell Maj., 292 289, 290 Peter, 253 Warden Lively, 289 Thomas, 253 Eliza, 257 Lola M., 288 Tuell Mortimer Margaret Elizabeth, Henry L., 280 Woodford, 257 288 Turner T. M., Dr., 257 Mariah, 288 George, 253, 263 Thomas, 264 Maud Gertrude, Jesse, 253, 254, Washbourne 288 260, 263 C., Rev., 261 Mittie L., 289 Mercy, Mrs., 263 J. W., 251 Mollie Johnnie, 288 Tyler Washburn Nellie R., 289 President, 258 Rev., 265 Rosa Nell, 289 Washington Rosanna, 289 General, 244, 245 Susan S., 288 Water Thomas H., 288

310 The Arkansas Family Historian, Volume 48, Number 4 – December 2010

William J., 289 John, 252 Mabel, 238 William M., 288 Pleasant, 261 Mabel Augusta, West W. C., Mrs., 286 236 M., 256 Wilson, 280 Margaret, 235, 237, Minerva, 252 Betty Lyle, 285 238, 239, 240, Oceta S., 256 Eliza Jane, Mrs., 241, 242, 243, Thomas, 252 262 244, 247 Wharton Herod, 260 Mary, 238, 239, Elizabeth, Mrs., Jno. M., 276 240, 241, 243, 264 Maj., 292 244, 245 Joshua, 264 Thadeus C., 263 Nancy Adaline Wheeler, 251 Thomas E., 251 Cook, 236 Wheims William H., 255 Nancy Cook, 236 Ann, 266 Winlock Narcissa Byron, White George, 261 235 Charles Edward, Matilda Jane, 261 Owen Oakes, 245 298 Winn Powhatan, 239, Henry Shelton, 288 Abner, 236, 247 241, 244, 245, Jackson, 266 Ada, 238 246 James, 263 Ada Oakes, 245 Richard Dickson, Margaret E., 288 Byron Abner, 245 247 Thomas P., 267 Charles, 241 Richard Posey, 245 Willie Mae, 293 Charles Russell, Russell, 244 Whitfield 240 Woodley Charlotte G., 257 Clyde Marion, 245 R. D., Rev., 266 Matthew, 249 Emily, 241 Wooldridge Nancy Thurmond, Everett, 245 Della, 289, 290 257 Flora May, 245 Worley William, 257 Frank Easton, 245 C., 291 Whitford Hattan, 238 Wright Elizabeth, Mrs., James, 236, 237, Miss, 255 267 238, 239, 240, Richard, 256 Whitten 241, 242, 243, Wynn Clayte, 242 244, 247 Harmon, 261, 262 Wier James Russell, 235, Zeely, 261 David Stuart, 235 245 Narcissa, 236 Jesse Harrison, 236 Narcissa Byron John, 236, 237, Y Winn, 235 238, 239, 240, Yell Wilkins 241, 242, 243, Archibald, 260, 262 William W., 263 244, 247 Young Williams John Alexander, Gen., 269 Absolom, 252 236, 237 Angelina, 254 John Milton, 239, Capt., 292 245 Z James, 269 Johnnie, 239 Zeek Jinken, 254 Lois Margarette, Dorothy Frances, Jno., 264 245 294

Certificate of Arkansas Ancestry Or Arkansas Civil War Ancestry

From the Arkansas Genealogical Society

Do you have ancestors who resided in Arkansas or had Arkansas Civil War service or pension? AGS offers certificates in five different categories of residency. In which category does your ancestor belong? A little research will qualify you for a certificate giving recognition to your family’s pioneers and settlers of Arkansas. The categories are:

Colonial This certificate is for an ancestor who resided in Arkansas prior to 1 January 1804.

Territorial This certificate is for an ancestor who resided in Arkansas prior to 15 June 1836.

Antebellum This certificate is for an ancestor who resided in Arkansas prior to 6 May 1861.

Nineteenth Century This certificate is for an ancestor who resided in Arkansas prior to 31 December 1900.

Civil War Ancestry This certificate is for an ancestor who served in a Union or Confederate Arkansas unit between 1861 and 1865, or applied for an Arkansas Confederate pension, or whose widow applied for such pension, or a Union soldier or soldier’s widow who applied for a U.S. pension while living in Arkansas.

To prove ancestry in Arkansas, a lineage of the direct ancestor must be submitted to AGS, along with source documents to prove these facts. A family group sheet of the ancestor who resided in Arkansas must be completed with primary sources as proof. All sources must be cited, photocopied and submitted with the application. Examples of acceptable documents include: census records, church or Bible records, tax lists, court records, military records, land patents, deeds, newspaper items, Civil War service record, or Arkansas Confederate or U.S. pension record. Applications will be filmed by the Arkansas History Commission. Print the application from the AGS website at www.agsgenealogy.org or write to Tommy Carter, 10106 Sulphur Springs Rd., Pine Bluff, AR 71603 and send your address with $1.00 for postage. Complete the application form and return it with $10.00.

Arkansas Genealogical Society Membership Application or Renewal Form

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Membership dues are payable annually and entitle members to a year’s subscription to the Society’s periodical. New memberships may be submitted at any time of the year.

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Arkansas Genealogical Society

A member of the National Genealogical Society and the Federation of Genealogical Societies

The Arkansas Genealogical Society began in 1962 and is incorporated as a non-profit organization. The purpose of this society is to promote genealogy, to educate its members in genealogical research, to publish articles pertaining to Arkansas ancestors, and to locate and preserve genealogical, historical, and biographical information and records. Membership Any person interested in genealogy is encouraged to become a member by payment of dues in advance for one year. Annual dues are $25.00 for individual, $35.00 for family (only one publication per family), $50.00 for residents outside the USA. This includes a year’s subscription to the society’s periodical. Make your check or money order payable to: AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374. Back Issues Back issues of The Arkansas Family Historian are available on the Members Only section of the AGS web site, www.agsgenealogy.org. Non-members may purchase electronic copies for $5.00 each mailed to AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221- 6374. Research Policy The society regrets that we are unable to provide research for members. We do suggest that anyone wanting fee-based research refer to the Association of Professional Genealogists website for a list of researchers at www.apgen.org. Book Reviews Authors and publishers may submit books for review in The Arkansas Family Historian. Books for review should be sent to AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374. All materials become the property of AGS to be distributed to repositories as the society deems appropriate or the submitter requests. Queries Members may submit queries related to Arkansas ancestors to be published in The Arkansas Family Historian. Send queries by e-mail to [email protected] or mail them to AGS Queries, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374. Be sure to include your name, address, e-mail address and phone number. Submissions Please submit articles to be considered for publication. Photographs and materials will not be returned. Sources should be cited as footnotes or endnotes. Materials may be submitted by e-mail to [email protected] or on disk or paper to AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374. The right to edit all material submitted is reserved by the Editorial Board. The submitter must include name, address, phone number and e-mail address with the material. Proof copies will be sent prior to printing if requested. Contributions AGS qualifies as a tax-exempt organization as stated in Section 501(c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Any donation of books, funds and other property to the society are deductible contributions by an individual or corporation. Change of Address Please notify AGS with your change of address or a mistake in address as soon as possible. Contact us by e-mail at [email protected] or AGS, PO Box 26374, Little Rock, AR 72221-6374.

Arkansas Genealogical Society Non-Profit P.O. Box 26374 Organization Little Rock, AR 72221-6374 U.S. Postage PAID Address Service Requested Little Rock, AR Permit No. 30

ISSN 0571-0472