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Scaling up Value Creation and Local Development in the Mining Sector in Ghana

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Scaling up Value Creation and Local Development in the Mining Sector in Ghana Scaling up value creation and local development in the mining sector in Ghana FISCAL LINKAGES SPATIAL LINKAGES UPSTREAM LINKAGES SI ESSING LVE C R RO EG. AGRIC. LINKAGES LATERAL G P O E L E D C R I T V I N R R E O G N E C N S I E O S S C R I S E C I V E T R C N S E I O C I K S R G E L L P O METALSERVICE CENTRE A L Z T I N E K M L E A D C O A L ES DISTRIBUTOR AG K IN L E CONSTRUCTION G D AUTOMOTIVE E L W O N K DOWNSTREAM LINKAGES © 2018 Economic Commission for Africa Addis Ababa, Ethiopia All rights reserved First printing September 2018 Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted. Acknowledgement is requested, together with a copy of the publication. Layout and design by Phoenix Design Aid, Denmark. Scaling up value creation and local development in the mining sector in Ghana Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................iv Abbreviations................................................................................................................................................v Preface ....................................................................................................................................................... viii Executive summary ................................................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 1. Overview of the economic landscape in Ghana ......................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Ghana’s overall economic performance ............................................................................... 2 Chapter 2: Summary of findings ............................................................................................................30 2. Structural weaknesses of the Ghanaian economy and policy options ................................30 2.1 Identifying structural challenges ..........................................................................................30 2.2 Policy options for addressing structural weaknesses ......................................................48 Chapter 3: Value contribution of the mineral sector in Ghana ......................................................65 3. Value contribution of the mineral sector in Ghana ..................................................................65 3.1 Assessing mineral production capacity and reserves ......................................................65 3.2 Policy and regulatory frameworks relevant to the mining sector .................................69 3.3 Weaknesses and challenges of existing policy frameworks ...........................................78 Chapter 4: Economic Contribution of the Mineral Sector through Linkages .............................82 4. Economic contribution of the mineral sector through linkages ............................................82 4.1 Brief assessment of fiscal linkages .......................................................................................84 4.2 Using local content to boost employment .........................................................................89 Chapter 5: Production linkages .............................................................................................................96 5. Production linkages .........................................................................................................................96 5.1 Why do production linkages matter? ..................................................................................96 5.2 Developing linkages through local content policies .........................................................96 5.3 Assessing the effectiveness of linkages development through local content policy ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 98 Chapter 6: Looking beyond local content: market analysis of procurement in Ghana and the region .................................................................................................. 106 6. Looking beyond local content: market analysis of procurement in Ghana and the region .............................................................................................................. 106 6.1 The BGR procurement demand model ............................................................................ 106 6.2 Overview of findings of mining company profiling ....................................................... 109 6.3 Overall gaps and support recommendations ................................................................. 133 ii Scaling up value creation and local development in the mining sector in Ghana Chapter 7: Supporting domestic suppliers: establishing a national suppliers’ development programme ................................... 135 7. Supporting domestic suppliers .................................................................................................. 135 7.1 Scaling up the “3Cs”: capacities, capabilities and competitiveness ........................... 135 7.2 Previous attempts to develop mining supply chains in Ghana ................................... 137 7.3 Establishing a national suppliers’ development programme (NSDP) in Ghana ....... 138 7.4 Designing a successful NSDP ............................................................................................ 142 7.5 Improving the institutional architecture to support the NSDP .................................. 151 7.6 Key steps to implement the NSDP ................................................................................... 152 Chapter 8: Developing a mineral supply cluster in Ghana ........................................................... 156 8. Developing a mineral supply cluster in Ghana ....................................................................... 156 8.1 Industrial policy and the mineral sector in Ghana ......................................................... 156 8.2 Industrial clusters – potential linkages with the mining sector .................................. 159 8.3 Harnessing clusters to support linkage development .................................................. 167 8.4 Policy options for strengthening industrial clusters ...................................................... 175 9. Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 179 9.1 Improving the overall business climate and facilitating investment .......................... 179 9.2 Establishing a national suppliers’ development programme in Ghana ...................... 180 9.3 Setting up Mineral Supply Clusters .................................................................................. 181 9.4 Market analysis of procurement ........................................................................................ 182 9.5 Getting institutional coordination right ........................................................................... 182 Annex 1: Distribution of GDP at basic prices according to economic activity (per cent) .. 186 Annex 2: Detailed overview of Ghana’s participation in intra-African trade....................... 187 Annex 3: Linkages: outlining the CMV approach ....................................................................... 194 Annex 4: Mineral sector revenue allocation................................................................................ 197 Annex 5: Procurement information provided by AngloGold Ashanti, 2004 ........................ 198 Annex 6: Procurement categories in the mining sector ........................................................... 200 Annex 7: Overview of international supplier development initiatives ................................. 205 Annex 8: Ghana’s key industrial stakeholders............................................................................. 209 Annex 9: Economic potential in the 10 regions of Ghana ........................................................ 210 Annex 10: Assessing the level of development of the competitiveness of African economies ...................................................................................................... 213 Annex 11: Business environment: How Ghana performs compared to its peers in West Africa ................................................................................................................... 214 Annex 12: State of infrastructure networks in Ghana ................................................................. 219 Annex 13: Ghana’s Logistics Performance Index .......................................................................... 222 References ............................................................................................................................................... 226 Scaling up value creation and local development in the mining sector in Ghana iii Acknowledgements This report is a joint publication of the Afri- throughout the process, including validation can Minerals Development Centre and the exercises and a workshop held in November Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural 2017. Special thanks go to the Chief Executive Resources of Germany.
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