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Transactions 1893 TRANSACTIONS OF THE F O R T H E Y E A R 1 8 9 3 , INCLUDING FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. PRICE ONE DOLLAR. T O R O N T O : ROWSELL & HUTCHISON, Printers to the Society. 1894. ANDREW ELVINS. TRANSACTIONS OF THE F O R T H E Y E A R 1 8 9 3 , INCLUDING FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. PRICE ONE DOLLAR. T O R O N T O : ROWSELL & HUTCHISON, Printers to the Society. 1894. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAPERS READ DURING 1893—NOTEWORTHY OBSERVATIONS, ETC. Officers. V Council . V Life Members. VI Honourary Members . VI Corresponding Members . VII Active Members and their Addresses. VII Associate Members . X Astronomical Phenomena. Lumsden. 2 Astronomical Time Reckoning (Report of Committee). 5 The Telescope . Harvey. 7 Jupiter apparently with one Moon. Watson. 8 Motion of the Moons of Uranus . Phillips. 8 Observations of Planets and Stars . Donaldson and others. 9 Holmes’ Comet . Copland. 10 Five-Minute Papers on Saturn . Miss S. L. Taylor and others. 11 Simple Mathematics of Saturn . Harvey. 12-13 The Canals of Mars . Peal. 14 Polarization of Light . Chant. 16 Double-Star Observations . Donaldson. 25 Plan for Observing Auroræ . Veeder. 26-40 Solar Heat. Pursey. 27 Source of Solar Heat . Veeder. 31 Graphic Processes . McBride. 35 Mass of the Earth . McBride. 35 Planetary Rotation . Lindsay. 36 Variability (?) of k Geminorum . Burnham. 49 Periodicity of Rain-fall . Harvey. 41 Moving Matter, III: Solar Heat . Elvin. 41 The Pythagorean Philosophy. Harvey. 45 Field Observations . Atkinson and others. 57 Rordame-Quenisset Comet . Goldie and others. 58 Occultation of Antares . Lindsay. 60 Rordame’s Comet .. Connon, Elvins and others. 69 Observation of Occultation of Antares . Todhunter and others. 70 IV The Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto. Spectrum of Light Emitted by Insects . Miller. 70 Moving Matter, IV: Solar Heat . Elvins. 72 Rordame’s Comet. Hadden. 76 Aurora, July 15th, 1893 (its Parallax) . Harvey and Lumsden. 77 “ “ “ . Copland. 79 “ “ “. Veeder. 80 Stellar Photography . Miller. 83 Vatican Observatory Work . Harvey. 84 Astronomical Notes . Harvey. 86 Solar and Lunar Photographs . .Collins. 88 Volcanic Theory of Planetary Projection . Phillips. 88 Terrestrial Magnetism. Elvins. 95 Chemistry of the Atom. Lindsay. 98 Corresponding Secretary, Address and Testimonial to . 101 Distance of the Nebulæ . Miss Clerke. 106 Virgil on the Time to Sow Seeds, etc . Meredith. 113 The Luminiferous Ether . Gore. 114 Wood’s Theory of the Ether. Hull. 119 Election of Mr. Elvins to Life Membership . 121 Radiant Point of Perseid Meteors . Denning. 124 Astronomical and Physical Exhibits at the World’s Fair . Lumsden. 127 Brooks’ Comet . Miss Gray and Copland. 139 New Honourary and Corresponding Members . 140 Reckoning the Astronomical Day . Miss Gray. 145 Annual Address . Paterson. 147 Honourary President,—The HON. G. W. ROSS, LL.D., Etc., Minister of Education of the Province of Ontario. President,—CHARLES CARPMAEL, M.A., (Cantab.) F.R.A.S., F.R.S.C., Etc., Director Toronto Magnetic Observatory, and Supt. Dominion Meteorological Service of Canada. Vice-Presidents, LARRATT W. SMITH, D.C.L., Q.C., Etc. {JOHN A. PATERSON, M.A., Etc. Treasurer,—JAMES TODHUNTER, 85 Wellesley Street. Assistant-Treasurer,—MISS S. L. TAYLOR. Corresponding Secretary,—G. E. LUMSDEN, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. Recording Secretary,—CHARLES P. SPARLING, 370 St. James’ Sq., Toronto. Assistant-Recording Secretary,—MISS A. A. GARY. Librarian,—G. G. PURSEY, 189 McCaul Street. Assistant-Librarian,—MISS JEANE PURSEY. The HON. G. W. ROSS, LL.D., MR. CHAS. CARPMAEL, F.R.A.S., DR. LARRATT W. SMITH, Q.C., MR. JOHN A. PATERSON, M.A., MR. E. A. MEREDITH, LL.D., MR. A. HARVEY, MR. JAMES TODHUNTER, MR. G. E. LUMSDEN, MR. CHARLES P. SPARLING, MR. G. G. PURSEY, MR. A. F. MILLER, MR. A. ELVINS, MR. D. J. HOWELL. VI The Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto. CHARLES CARPMAEL, ESQ., M.A. (Cantab.), F.R.A.S., F.R.S.C., Etc., Director Toronto Magnetic Observatory, and Supt. Dominion Meteorological Service of Canada. ANDREW ELVINS, ESQ., 11 St. Vincent Street, Toronto. JOHN GOLDIE, ESQ., Galt, Ontario. LARRATT W. SMITH, ESQ., Q.C., D.C.L., 96 Summerhill Avenue, Toronto, Ex-Vice-Chancellor of the University of Toronto. LADY WILSON, Spadina Crescent, Toronto. (Limited to Fifteen). SIR ROBERT STAWELL BALL, Kt., F.R.S., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Lowndean Professor of Astronomy, King’s College, Cambridge, England. WM. HENRY MAHONEY CHRISTIE, LLD., F..R.S., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Astronomer Royal, Greenwich, England. GEORGE HOWARD DARWIN, M.A., LLD. (Glasgow), D.Sc. (Dublin), Dr. Phil. Nat. (Padua), F.R.S., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, England. SANDFORD FLEMING, G.E., C.M.G., LL.D., Etc., Etc., Chancellor of Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario. PROFESSOR EDWARD S. HOLDEN, LL.D., For. Asso. R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Director of the Lick Observatory, Mount Hamilton, California, U.S.A. WILLIAM HUGGINS, D.C.L., (Oxon), LL.D., (Cantab. Edin. et Dubl.). Ph.D., (Lugd. Bat.), F.R.S., F.R.A.S., Hon. F.R.S.E., Etc., Etc., Cor. L’Institut de France 90 Upper Tulse Hill, London, S. W., England. PROFESSOR DANIEL KIRKWOOD, LL.D., Etc., Etc., Riverside, California, U.S.A. SAMUEL PIERPONT LANGLEY, LL.D., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. JOSEPH MORRISON, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Washington, D.C. PROFESSOR SIMON NEWCOMB, LLD., For. Asso. R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Cor. L’Institut de France, Etc., Etc., Superintendent of the American Nautical Almanac Office,. Washington, D.C. PROFESSOR EDWARD CHARLES PICKERING, LL.D., Etc., Etc., Director Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge, Mass. M. OTTO STRUVE, Late Director of the Imperial Observatory, Pulkowa, Russia. PROFESSOR DOCTOR HENRY C. VOGEL, Etc., Etc., Director of The Astrophysical Observatory, Potsdam., Germany. The Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto. VII S. W. BURNHAM, M. A., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Chicago, Ill., U.S.A. MISS AGNES M. CLERKE, 68 Redcliffe Sq., London, S.W., England. W. F. DENNING, F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Bishopston, Bristol, England. THE REVEREND T. E. ESPIN, M.A., F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., Director of the Wolsingham Observatory, Tow Law, Darlington, England. J. ELLARD GORE, F.R.A.S., M.R.I.A., Etc., Etc., Ballysodare, Ireland. PROFESSOR G. E. HALE, Director of the Kenwood Physical Observatory, Etc., Etc., University of Chicago, Ill., U.S.A. M. PAUL HENRY, The Observatory, Paris, France. J. H. KEDZIE, Chicago, Ill., U.S.A. JAMES EDWARD KEELER, D.Sc., Etc., Etc., Professor of Astronomy in the University of Pennsylvania and Director of the Allegheny Observatory, Allegheny, Pa. W. F. KING, G.E., D.L.S., Etc., Etc., Government Astronomer, Ottawa, Ont. EDWARD WALTER MAUNDER, F.R.A.S., Etc., Etc., First-Class Physical Assistant, Greenwich Observatory, London. PROFESSOR CLEMENT HENRY McLEOD, MA.E., F.R.S.C., M. Can. Soc. C. E., Superintendent of McGill College Observatory, Montreal, Q. S. E. PEAL, Sibsagar, Asam, India. WILLIAM H. PICKERING, M.A., Etc., Etc., Director of the Harvard College Observatory at Arequipa, Peru. PROFESSOR WILLIAM A. ROGERS, M.A., PH.D., LL.D., Etc., Etc., Colby University, Waterville, Maine. T. S. H. SHEARMEN, Brantford, Ontario. MRS. L. D. PROCTOR-SMYTHE, Belfast, Ireland. ABREY, GEORGE B., D.L.S., C.E . Toronto Junction. ALEXANDER, DAVID W . 65 Front Street East, Toronto. ARONSBERG, ABRAHAM . 71 King Street West, “ ATKINSON, WILLIAM P., M. A. (Trin.).. 220 Jameson Avenue, “ BALDWIN, MRS. M. F. 19 Spadina Road, “ BELL, CLARENCE . Attorney-General’s Department, “ BRODIE, MISS JESSIE . 409 Parliament Street, “ BURTON, WILLIAM . 19 Larch Street, “ CARPMAEL, CHARLES, M.A., F.R.A.S.,etc. 26 Dale Avenue, Rosedale, “ CHANT, CLARENCE A., B. A. (Tor.) . University College, “ VIII The Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto. CHAPMAN, ROBERT E . 61 Borden Street, Toronto. CLARK, JOHN M., M.A. (Tor.). 667 Spadina Avenue, “ CLOUGHER, JOSEPH P. 173 Huron Street, “ CLOUGHER, THOMAS R. 49 Grenville Street, “ COPLAND, JOHN A. 99 McGill Street, “ CLUTHE, CHARLES . 134 King Street West, “ COLLINS, JOHN R. 172 Borden Street, “ COLLINS, ZONO M. “ “ “ COLLINSON, C. H., B.A. (Tor.) . Upper Canada College, “ DEWAR, ROBERT . 148 York street, “ DAVIDSON, LIEUT.-COL. JOHN I.. 53 St. George Street, “ DE LURY, ALFRED T., BA. (Tor.) . University College, “ DONALDSON, J. C., LL.D. (Tor.) . Fergus, Ontario. DUFF, JOHN, B.A. (Tor.) . School of Technology, Toronto DUPONT, MISS A. 168 John Street, “ DOUGLAS, WILLIAM A. Freehold Loan Co., “ EBY, JOSEPH F. 134 Bloor Street West, “ ELLIS, ROBERT B. 14 Admiral Road, “ ELVINS, ANDREW . 11 St. Vincent Street, “ FOSTER, GEORGE B., M.D. The Forum, Yonge Street, “ FOSTER, JAMES . 13 King Street West, “ GILBERT, CHARLES T. ..
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