ROYAL UNITED SERVICES INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE AND SECURITY STUDIES - SOUTH AUSTRALIA INC SENSOR

Promoting National Security and Defence

RUSI-SA Summer/Autumn 2019 Issue No. 469

Building 160, Keswick Barracks Keswick, SA 5035 FROM THE PRESIDENT Tel/Text 0415 415 990

Email: [email protected] Welcome to the summer/autumn 2019 newsletter. ______Much has happened both locally and nationally since the AGM on 5 December 2018. Patron

His Excellency

Honourable Hieu Van Le AC

Governor of South Australia

______

Council Members 2018/19

President COL D. Stoba RFD ED (Retd)

Vice President Mr M. Bourchier Mark Ryan was appointed as a defence business advisor at the Centre for

Immediate Past President Defence Industry Capability (CDIC), a division of the Department of WGCDR M. Ryan MBA (Retd) Industry, Innovation and Science. A condition of the appointment was that he could no longer be involved in the management of our organisation. Councillors Mark reluctantly had to step down as president but remains a valued Mr M. Gorroick member. LTCOL S. Landherr RFD (Retd) Prior to this, Vice President BRIG Robert Atkinson had been approached Mrs D. Stoba to fill one of the vacancies on the federal board of a RUSIDSS – Australia and, with the endorsement of the South Australian Council, Robert Officials accepted. One of the requirements of the Federal Constitution is that members of the board are not allowed to be involved with the Hon. Treasurer management of any state or territory division. Robert resigned as VP MAJ R. Jones FCPA RFD (Retd) RUSIDSS-SA and was elected to the board at the subsequent federal AGM. Hon. Auditor Mr. Edwards FCA Mark Ryan’s daughter Porscha, who had been ably filling the role of secretary on an unpaid basis, indicated she was unable to continue due to Hon. Librarian health reasons and David Hirst also did not seek re-election. Vacant The loss of five key members, including Graham Sanders who passed Hon. Editor away earlier in the year, left the council with only two members plus the Mr M. Gorroick honorary treasurer. Fortunately, immediately prior to the AGM, Mark was able to persuade Mark Bourchier, Eugene Wasilenia and Stefan Landherr Hon Secretary/Public Officer to fill three of the vacancies. LTCOL S. Landherr RFD (Retd) Mark also approached me to re-join the council and I agreed to consider it in order to support the new council but indicated I did not wish to be president again. Consequently, at the AGM there were no nominations for president. Monthly Luncheons The three new members were elected and Mark called for nominations from the floor. As there were no other takers, I put my hand up and so did my dear wife, Dana. Our constitution provides for Monday 3 June 2019 the president and council members to be elected at the AGM and then for the new council to fill the other office bearer positions at the first meeting after the AGM. All members are invited to attend our As there was no elected president, the council, subsequently, decided luncheons. Indeed you are encouraged to to treat the position as a ‘casual vacancy’ and I was persuaded to fill invite partners, friends and colleagues to the position at least until the next AGM. Mark Bourchier agreed to be join us and, if they like what they see and vice president, Eugene volunteered to be secretary, Stefan as minute hear, to nominate them for RUSI-SA secretary, Adrian Horan as assistant secretary, Michael Gorroick as membership. newsletter editor and Dana as events coordinator. Everything looked bright for the New Year. Unfortunately, Eugene Business dress is applicable for those who had to resign from council due to a change in his work commitments. attend. We will assemble at the Naval Stefan and Adrian took over his duties until the unexpected recent Military & Airforce Club of South Australia, death of Adrian. We are very fortunate that Stefan was prepared to 111 Hutt St, Adelaide, from 11.30 for the step up and take over the role of secretary. Consequently, it has briefing to commence at 12 noon. Lunch is taken a little longer to get our house in order than we had hoped. served at 1 pm and the event completed by 2.30 pm. The council is anxious to resume our program of regular social functions and Dana, has made arrangements for a winter carvery at The cost is $30 for members of the RUSI, Mt Osmond Golf Club in June - details to be advised. NMAF Club, RSL and TPI and for Veterans At the federal level, the RUSIDSS-A is a not-for-profit public company and Defence Personnel and $35 for the limited by guarantee. It constitutes the national peak body of the general public. The cost includes a main (Royal) United Services (or Service) Institutes of the states and course meal. Wines, beer and soft drinks territories. The company does not have individual members. The will be available for purchase. We will state and territory institutes are the members or stakeholders of the conduct a raffle to help cover expenses. company and each has one vote at the AGM. For those who do not have time to enjoy Most members are aware that the Department of Defence provides lunch, but wish to hear the lecture, chairs assistance to the institutes in the form of facilities and services but no will be provided at the back of the room. A longer provides funds for administration or salaries. Instead, financial $10 donation to attend the lecture would assistance is available in the form of grants for events and activities be appreciated. Students are free. Please that meet their criteria. Unfortunately, recent grant applications by be seated before 11.55 pm. The address several states have been unsuccessful in what is now a very will be about 30 to 35 minutes duration competitive environment for the funds available. with 15 minutes for questions. We aim to complete the program by 2.30 pm. As mentioned earlier, Rob Atkinson is now a director on the board of RUSIDSS-A and attends our council meetings as a non-voting Cancellations must be advised to the member, to brief us on national matters. In my capacity as President RUSI-SA Office by midday of the Friday of RUSIDSS-SA, I have participated in two teleconferences involving before the lunch. Subsequent the national office, the board members and the other constituent cancellations will attract a fee of $30. bodies. The major concern is funding of the state and national bodies. I will keep you posted. . Rob has provided some thoughts on national matters on the next page.

Regards David Stoba

We have a new phone number!!! If you need to talk to anyone about RUSI-SA or have a question to which you need an answer, please, use this number, which is: 0415 415 990. Please make all RSVP notifications on this number. It will be attended by someone every day.

When RSVPing, please, send a text message making a reference to the function with your name and the number who are attending. Your phone number will be automatically logged onto the phone.

Hopefully by the next luncheon we will be able to take credit card payments if necessary. We should have the "Square" up and running. We would still prefer cash as each payment made by credit card will incur a small surcharge which will be paid by the RUSI. But if necessary, we can and will accept credit card payments and receipts will be issued to your phone. REMEMBER the number 0415 415 990. 200 YEARS PLUS FOR A NATIONAL STANDARD GUAGE RAILWAY LINE!!

As a newly appointed National Board It is not surprising that Defence and Government wish to deal with one point of contact, and National is the Member to the Royal United Services obvious portal to do that. The challenge is to speak Institute for Defence and Security with one voice. Studies, I have been asked to provide The website is most illuminating these days and is a some words in regard to the National credit to the work put in to develop this, with the body. sponsorship of Rolls Royce.Max Adlam Quite rightly, there are reasonable It may be in the future that we will be questions regarding a National more proactive with the website, eg a budget and the support for the discussion forum on the contemporary Regions. I am of the view that Defence and Strategic issues that face together we are stronger than our country, such that RUSI is the being separate. One lesson I honoured and reliable point of contact to have taken away with my 47 years gain information for bipartisan sensible in the Army, both in part-time and discussion based on facts. full-time capacities, is that the The potential to seek industry similarities and shared common sponsorship and meet company needs, is values in our country are to be work in progress and the national body is prized. well placed to coordinate that, with due I see potential competition regard and encouragement for proposals between our States and Federally from the regions. as an issue that will remain and to Some of the regions have most take the positive side of this, working together, is prestigious histories, which need to be appraised and preferable. built upon in the future. “Unity with diversity” may be I believe these principles apply to RUSIDSS-A, and, the Indonesian motto but these are words that apply in given my short term on the Board, I would see the many areas, including us. discussions in which I have been privileged to With my limited time, I see the challenges as the participate follow those principles. To be more precise, foundation for a very good future. the national budget will be forthcoming, with the appropriate explanations, so it would be seen to be fair Brigadier (Retd) Rob Atkinson, AM, RFD and reasonable. Aaron Cartledge

CHIEF OF AIR FORCE

Chief of Joint Operations (CJOPS) Air Marshal Current CAF, Air Marshal Leo Davies, will hand over will fly back into the Air Force fold command of Air Force on July 3 after more than 40 as Chief of Air Force (CAF) on 4 July, following years of exemplary service. a Federal Government announcement on 28 Mar “The government extends its sincere gratitude to Air at Russell Offices in Canberra. Marshal Davies, who has been relentless in embedding a culture of innovation and integration that will continue Apart from his time at Headquarters Joint Operations to shape the Air Force for generations to come,” Mr Command, Air Marshal Hupfeld will also bring Pyne said. experience as Air Commander Australia, Director Combined Air Operations Centre and Head Force Army Major General Greg Bilton will take control of the Design. joint space as CJOPS on 28 June and be promoted to Lieutenant General. "Major General Bilton is currently Defence Minister Christopher Pyne said Air Marshal serving as the Commander Forces Command within Hupfeld would easily fit into the new job “His Army and is a highly experienced officer with extensive experience in these roles makes him ideally suited to leadership and operations experience through senior continue the development of the Air Force as a modern positions including Deputy Chief of Joint Operations and and effective force capable of undertaking regional and Commander 7 Brigade,” Mr Pyne said. global operations,” he said. © Copyright / Defence News. All rights reserved. BATTLE OF LE HAMEL

The Battle of Le Hamel, a town in By July 1918, Russia had withdrawn from the war and Australia had five divisions in France. The Germans northern France, took place during WWI were making a last ditch effort to take Amiens and the on 4 July 1918. It was the first occasion UK suffered huge losses. Germany had outgunned the that General Monash commanded the allies throughout most of the war and the British decided that the town of Hamel needed to be taken. Australian Corps. The Battle of Although two journalists were biased against Le Hamel was the subject of the talk LTGEN John Monash, commander of the Australian given by COL Steve Larkin to the Corps and were very hostile towards him, Monash was chosen to plan the attack. RUSI-SA luncheon on 6 August 2018. Deception was the key part of the Monash plan and COL Larkin described the progress of the battle, which lasted for 93 minutes. Full details of the planning and progress of the battle can found at:

https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/history/conflicts/ australians-western-front/australian-remembrance-trail/ australian-corps-1

As a result of the allies success, Monash’s standing grew enormously. Casualties were relatively low and the tactics developed were employed again on a much larger scale during the battle of Amiens.

AIR WARFARE CENTRE - INTEGRATED BY DESIGN

The Australian Air Warfare Centre Components of the AWC are strategy, capability development and the Force Element Groups. The “exists to deliver timely and relevant AWC was needed to fill in the space between capability advice to the warfighter in response to and the force element groups. operational and tactical problems facing AIRCDRE Iervasi went on to describe the AWC the products and service delivered by operating model, including relationships and personnel. the Air Force”. Language is very important as “joint” means more than one service, “integrated” means At a Current Information Briefing more than one domain and “interoperable” arranged by the RUSI-SA at the means more than one country. Naval, Military and Airforce Club on 25 September 2018 , the The AWC is responsible for test and Commander AFC, AIRCDRE Joe evaluation at Woomera and Delemare, the Iervasi AM, spoke about the AFC. Air Warfare Instructors course and conferences between the services where all The AFC is integrated by design and have been involved together. is built on the specific projects defined in 2014/15 through Plan Current challenges include developing Jericho. The Plan is a strategy complex manoeuvres in a contested EM originally built on 15, now 16 specific environment, keeping interoperable with the projects to transform the RAAF for US and integrating command and control. the future. Go to https://www.airforce.gov.au/about-us/ The AFC fills the need for an structure/air-command-headquarters/air- integrated warfare system and is a warfare-centre for further information on the key component for test and AFC. evaluation. FROM DEFEAT TO VICTORY 1939 - 1945

How Hitler came to be in Paris during Semitism, the Vichy debacle, the occupation of France WWII links back to the first World War and its liberation were considered. where 1.4 million French people were The French approved giving Austria back to Germany killed and France was left crippled. The to avoid war and until 1938, France was selling weapons to Germany. The Maginot Line was by far result was that there was a reduced the most expensive protective system ever built. It availability of young people to go to war was weaker in the Ardennes due to forestry and the for WWII. French did not expect an invasion through Belgium. The French had a WWI mentality and French casualties in the first six weeks of WWII were greater Throughout the 1920s and 30s, the French were very than any other periods of either World War. passive, preferring disarmament to avoid another war. Even military toys for children were avoided. GEN De Gaulle was the only General to push back against the Germans before fleeing to the UK. Apparently, Churchill and De Gaulle disliked each other. France was divided into the occupied zone and one under Vichy and Hitler took constitutional power. Pierre Laurel became President of France and collaborated closely with Germany. 85% of French Jews were deported to Germany by the French Government.

Only about three percent of the population resisted through the underground resistance setup in 1943 and about the same proportion collaborated with the Germans. The majority of people went along with the conditions. Dr Romain Fathi, lecturer in history at Flinders University spoke to the RUSI-SA on 3 September 2018 The French Army, led by De Gaulle, liberated Paris on France’s experiences of WWII, an aspect of French soon after D-Day. 10000 collaborators were executed history generally poorly known or misunderstood at random and legal reparation charged 300000 of overseas. His presentation paused and reflected on which 127000 were prosecuted, a third of which were the origins and consequences of the French defeat in found guilty and of those some were executed. WWII. The pacifism of the 1920s, the rise of anti-

DASSAULT FALCON 7X

The first of three RAAF Dassault Falcon Its ability to land at almost any airfield provides notable 7X aircraft arrived in Canberra recently. regional and remote airfield accessibility.” The aircraft will be operated by 34 SQN as part of the The new aircraft, being leased by RAAF, replace the Special Purpose Aircraft fleet, based at the Defence Bombardier CL604 Challengers and provide a larger Establishment Fairbairn in the ACT. passenger load, modern communication and increased range and endurance.

WGCDR Jason Pont, CO 34 Squadron said the Falcon complements RAAF’s larger Boeing 737 Business Jets. “The Falcon 7X is an advanced business jet designed and manufactured by Dassault Aviation,” WGCDR Pont said.

“The jet has a standard crew of three (pilot, co-pilot and crew attendant) and can carry up to 14 passengers. With a maximum operating speed of Mach 0.9 and a range of up to 11,000 km, the aircraft can fly from Canberra to anywhere in the world with only one stop. © Copyright / Defence News. All rights reserved. CHALLENGES TO AUSTRALIA’S NAVAL FUTURE

China’s One Belt, One Road (OBOR) David discussed the excessive costs involved for Australia to develop and maintain its own naval future initiative (well described at https:// including the building and maintenance of twelve www.clsa.com/special/ submarines, nine new frigates and off-shore patrol onebeltoneroad/) has the potential to vessels. In David’s view, the projected $220 billion plus cost of the French submarine proposal, plus the change global transport and trade cost of the US combat system required for networks in a way believed impossible compatibility threatens to be the worst financial and until recently. defence decision in Australia’s history.

FLTLT David Hirst (Retd) discussed the implications of We need to question what cost or concessions we will cheaper and more overland transportation routes need to make in these increasingly uncertain times. linking Europe via Eurasia and the Indian Ocean on No security alliance or trading deal lasts indefinitely. Australia’s naval power during an address to the National self interests are fraught with inherent RUSI-SA on 5 November 2018. Following is a brief dangers and unintended consequences. The ADF, summary of the significant points David made of the Navy in particular, is forced to consider roles, challenges to Australia’s own naval future at a crucial responsibilities, capabilities, doctrine and personnel time when defence alliances and trading partners as regional and global challenges develop. The RAN have opposing views and outlooks on future world might not have the right resources to face a developments. The full text of David’s address can be comparable or larger regional naval military force and found on the RUSI web page at www.rusu.org. relying on other large benefactors to underwrite our national maritime security has no guarantee when OBOR will allow goods made in China’s coastal fringe conflict is imminent. to be transported unhindered to Western Europe ports within days instead of weeks. Recent purchase and construction of port facilities by China in Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia and most other eastern countries will provide China with maritime access and economic benefits across the Indian Ocean. These facilities will connect with Greece’s major port, Piraeus, to allow direct access to Europe’s markets.

Chinese People’s Liberation Army- Navy (PLA-N) has expanded at an unprecedented rate and will soon be able to dispatch fully operational carrier battle groups globally. In addition, the Russian navy is moving once again to become a genuine and credible force internationally. FLTLT David Hirst is a private intelligence observer for defence and security issues affecting the world.

DEFENCE SCIENCE

Professor Tanya Monro was recently Professor Monro obtained her PhD in physics in 1998 appointed Chief Defence Scientist and from the University of Sydney, for which she was awarded the Bragg Gold Medal for the best Physics was due to take up her new PhD in Australia. In 2000, she received a position in March. Royal Society University Research Fellowship at the Optoelectronics Professor Monro was the inaugural Research Centre at the University of Director of the Institute for Photonics and Southampton in the UK and is also an Advanced Sensing (IPAS) and was also inaugural Bragg Fellow of the Royal the inaugural Director for the ARC Centre Institution of Australia (RiAus). of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) at the University of For further information, go to https:// Adelaide. Her research is in the field of www.dst.defence.gov.au/copyright- photonics, with a focus on sensing, statement from where this information lasers and new classes of optical fibres. was sourced. TOM PLAYFORD AND THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO

Sir Thomas Playford, “Honest Tom”, role Tom Playford played in the downfall of Napoleon and his next book is an attempt to fill that gap in our Premier of SA from 1938 to 1965, was the history. longest serving Premier in Australia. His great grandfather, Tom Tom Playford was a trooper in the British Army who entered Service at the age of 15, Playford, arrived in SA in pretending to be 18, and was involved in the 1844 and was himself a hard fought battle at Quatre Bras two days Premier from 1887 to 1889. earlier (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Battle_of_Quatre_Bras). In 1815 Tom Playford stood by a large black horse behind the famous ridge of By the time of Waterloo, he had had no Mt St Jean, south of Brussels, listening sleep or food and there was heavy rain all to the cacophony of a battle he could night. James described the progress of the not see. Beyond the ridge advanced Battle of Waterloo and, though commonly 18000 of Napoleon Bonaparte’s infantry thought that Tom Playford did not kill anyone, and cavalry. The young Tom Playford it is hard to believe that was true with 90% stood between Napoleon and his goal, casualties. After knocking out Napoleon’s the city of Brussels. The date was brigades, the British held out until the 18 June 1815 and the battle was the Russians arrived. Battle of Waterloo. The British Government awarded £640,000 as prize On 3 December, 2018, Dr James Hurst, author and money and Tom Playford was paid two. commentator on military history gave an address to the RUSI-SA based on the research he had done in support Dr James Hurst is an author and commentator on of his forthcoming book. Little was known about the military history.

INDUSTRIAL INVOLVEMENT IN DEFENCE

The Defence Teaming Centre (https:// The skill of our workforce is a further critical issue. Schools should be encouraged to emphasise career dtc.org.au) is responsible for advising paths for engineers and more appropriate industry on involvement with Defence. It apprenticeships are required. Cyber skills are important supports and develops Australian as industrial espionage is a very real threat. Information industry to be more competitive and meet has been stolen from Australian firms. the needs of Defence. International trade needs to be facilitated. Overseas companies moving to Australia Audra McCarthy addressed members and employ Australians and introduce technical friends on 2 July 2018 on the functions of capability. The DTC focusses on collaboration the DST. Changes to the auto industry in between industries and provides input on SA have produced significantly increased where capability is going. interest in Defence industry and changes in the value of the Australian dollar, Audra is the Executive Director Industry currently being low, have also helped the Development for the DTC. She will take over industry. from the current CEO, Margot Forster in June.

Challenges that are faced include the In 2012 Audra transferred to the Department of need to convince overseas interests that Industry, Innovation and Science as a Business Australia has the technical ability and Adviser for the Defence Industry Innovation facilities needed to manufacture high Centre, now known as the Centre for Defence quality technical equipment. A Industry Capability (CDIC). For five years Audra collaborative approach is required to worked with small to medium sized businesses develop submissions and intellectual property (IP) rights across Australia providing financial and business need to be transferred to Australian small and medium improvement advice. She delivered the Supplier sized enterprises (SMEs). Security is a major issue Continuous Improvement Program (SCIP) using the SC21 involving the transfer of information between countries. tools and facilitated many supply chain relationship Cultural and political issues affect the exchange of improvement programs. information. MALCOLM ORCHARD

Vale

It is with regret that the deaths of

CAPT Malcolm Orchard and Adrian Horan,

Council members of the RUSI- SA, were noted.

The President and Members of Council extend their condolences to their CAPT Malcolm Orchard RFD ED (Retd) was a long families and friends. standing member of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies - SA (RUSI-SA) at Keswick, councillor, newsletter editor and historian with extensive knowledge of WW1. He was appointed as a life member of the association for his exceptional service in the voluntary capacity of librarian and editor of the RUSI-SA newsletter over a period of many years. Malcolm attended Scotch College and was captain of the cricket team. He was a member of the Scotch Old Collegians Association. Whilst employed by the Commercial Bank of Australia, he joined the Army Reserve in the 2/10 Infantry Battalion. During his life, Malcolm edited a SALENA WINES London military magazine, wrote for a London history club, donated an annual prize for Melbourne military cadets, worked on war graves for the Australian Museum, gave much time and effort to the Army War Museum at Keswick as curator, toured desert battlefields, visited Gallipoli three Salena Estate SA is a times, finding the grave of his uncle who had died during the Great War Family owned and and toured the battlefields of France and Egypt with Roger Freeman, to operated winery. It was help check every tombstone for Roger’s book “Second to None”, about founded by Bob and Sylvia the 32nd Battalion, which was raised at Mitcham. Franchitto in 1998 with a Malcolm was a president of the Royal Pay Corps clear objective to become a Association, a secretary of the Defence Reserves Association, both in SA and of the 7th Australian Division AIF Association SA Branch. As president reliable producer of world- of the 10th Battalion AIF Association, Malcolm was instrumental in raising class wines that represent three memorials in Adelaide’s Pathway of Honour. great value. In his retirement, Malcolm returned to studies and gained a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of South Australia. He received an award for 50 Salena Estate has an extensive consecutive years as a marshal of Anzac Day Parades and was a portfolio of highly awarded products foundation and life member of the Public Schools Club. from entry level to premium wines. A cellar door is operated at Malcolm’s love of music showed in concert, opera, and orchestra and he 83 Payneham Rd, St Peters. played as an extra in many operas. He established a Perennial Special Award, the Malcolm J. Orchard Memorial Prize - Own Choice, Any Aria, See the website at https:// Any Voice, with the Adelaide Eisteddfod Society. www.salenaestate.com.au where you may sign up to receive a Malcolm’s long-time partner was Lady Anne Miller, who is also a member of regular newsletter from Salena. the RUSI-SA. Malcolm celebrated his 90th birthday recently and died suddenly two weeks later, leaving a significant legacy of service to the RUSI-SA, the Australian Army and to South Australia.