Waterloo Opportunity Area Planning Framework Aeloopruiyae Lnigfaeokotbr2007 October Framework Planning Area Opportunity Waterloo
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Waterloo Opportunity Area Planning Framework Waterloo Opportunity Area Planning Framework October 2007 October 2007 Front cover Figure 1. Aerial view of Waterloo Waterloo Opportunity Area Planning Framework October 2007 Copyright Greater London Authority October 2007 Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk More London London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries: 020 7983 4100 minicom: 020 7983 4458 ISBN 978-1-84781-058-8 Front cover picture credit: Simon Hazelgrove Aerials Foreword photograph credit: Liane Harris Other photographs credit: East, TfL Visual Image Services 3D mapping basis courtesy of Z Mapping (Figure 15) East Hepher Dixon JM P C onsultants Alan Baxter and A ssociates Metal GVA Grimley 1-3 Berry Street London EC1V 0AA T 020 7490 3190 F 020 7490 3290 E mail@ east.uk.com www.east.uk.com Foreword I am delighted to introduce this Opportunity Area Planning Framework for Waterloo. Waterloo is a unique part of London – it is a place of celebration, culture and entertainment as well as being home WRPDQ\/RQGRQHUVDQGDVLJQL¿FDQWHPSOR\PHQWORFDWLRQ2I course, it is also a major transport hub. 7KH/RQGRQ3ODQLGHQWL¿HV2SSRUWXQLW\$UHDVDFURVVWKH capital, identifying them as places in London with the potential to accommodate substantial numbers of new jobs, homes or both. Waterloo is just such a place. This Framework describes Waterloo today, including the rich history which has so strongly LQÀXHQFHGLWVFKDUDFWHU,WVHWVRXWFXUUHQWLVVXHVUHODWLQJWR public realm and permeability which need to be addressed and examines some challenging transport issues. Building on this analysis, it describes a vision for Waterloo together with a series of objectives for the area. Central to this vision are plans for a new ‘City Square’ for Waterloo, creating a radically improved public space, and the conversion of Waterloo Road to a public transport-only corridor. The vision also requires that we make the most of Waterloo’s development potential; as part RIWKLVWKH)UDPHZRUNLGHQWL¿HVDUHDVVXLWDEOHIRUWDOOEXLOGLQJV The draft Waterloo Development Framework was published in 2006 for public consultation. I would like to thank all those who took the time to respond. These responses have been taken into account in this preparation of this revised document. I would also like to place on record my thanks to the other members of the steering group: Lambeth Council, Network Rail, Transport for London and the London Development Agency. They have all worked collaboratively and constructively in the production of this Framework. I look forward to continued joint working as we address the major issues for Waterloo, including the creation of the ‘City Square’, Network Rail’s plans for Waterloo Station and the major development proposals that will maintain and enhance Waterloo’s role in London’s social, cultural and economic future. Ken Livingstone Mayor of London October 2007 i ii Contents Foreword i 4.0 :DWHUORRYLVLRQDQGVWUDWHJLF 79 Executive summary iv REMHFWLYHV 4.1 $QHZµ&LW\6TXDUH¶DQG 83 1.0 Introduction 11 LQWHUFKDQJHVSDFHIRU:DWHUORR 1.1 Background 12 WRFUHDWHDYDVWO\LPSURYHGSXEOLF 1.2 The framework area 13 space around the station 1.3 Purpose of the framework 14 4.2 5HPRYHJHQHUDOWUDI¿FIURP 86 1.4 Status of the framework 15 :DWHUORR5RDGDQGJLYHSULRULW\ 1.5 Stakeholder engagement 16 WRSHGHVWULDQVF\FOLVWVDQGSXEOLF transport 2.0 3UR¿OLQJ:DWHUORR 17 4.3 5HGHYHORSDQGUHGH¿QH:DWHUORR 90 2.1 :DWHUORRDVDSODFH 18 6WDWLRQVRWKDWLWEHFRPHVDQHZ 2.2 :DWHUORR¶VUROHLQ/RQGRQ 20 centre for the area 2.3 Historic development 22 4.4 8VHWKHSXEOLFUHDOPWREULQJWKH 92 2.4 Conservation Areas 26 GLIIHUHQWSDUWVRI:DWHUORR South Bank Conservation Area 27 together and address pedestrian :DWHUORR&RQVHUYDWLRQ$UHD 31 movement/connections Roupell Street Conservation Area 33 4.5 Support the world class cultural 95 /DPEHWK3DODFH&RQVHUYDWLRQ$UHD 33 TXDUWHUDWWKH5LYHUVLGHDQG /RZHU0DUVK&RQVHUYDWLRQ$UHD 34 use it as a motor for regeneration 2.5 8UEDQJUDLQ 35 4.6 0D[LPLVHGHYHORSPHQWSRWHQWLDO 98 2.6 Character areas 38 4.7 Allow for incremental change 100 2.7 6HYHUDQFHSHUPHDELOLW\VDIHW\ 39 4.8 Preserve and enhance the key 102 OHJLELOLW\DQGHOHPHQWVRISRRU IHDWXUHVRIHDFKRI:DWHUORR¶V SXEOLFUHDOP character areas 2.8 :RUOGFODVVFXOWXUDOTXDUWHUDQG 44 major tourist attractions 5.0 7DOOEXLOGLQJVVWUDWHJ\ 105 2.9 Retail 46 2.10 Population, social and economic 49 6.0 Energy 115 characteristics 2.11 Social infrastructure 50 7.0 Next steps and implementation 119 2.12 Open space 52 Appendices 123 3.0 Transport and movement 53 1 Appendix 1 124 3.1 :DWHUORR6WDWLRQ 0DLQOLQH 54 Policy framework 3.2 :DWHUORR(DVW6WDWLRQ 0DLQOLQH 65 2 Appendix 2 130 3.3 :DWHUORR,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDWLRQ 65 0DMRUGHYHORSPHQWVLWHV 3.4 Underground 66 3 Appendix 3 136 3.5 Buses 68 Studies and documents 3.6 Taxis 69 4 Appendix 4 139 3.7 River Bus 71 South Bank Employers Group 3.8 Roads 72 3ULRULW\3URMHFWV/LVW 3.9 Cycling 73 5 Appendix 5 144 3.10 :DONLQJ 74 :DWHUORR*RYHUQDQFH6WUXFWXUH 3.11 &URVV5LYHU7UDP &57 75 3.12 (VWLPDWHGWUDQVSRUWDQGSXEOLF 78 realm improvements timeline iii Executive summary ‘To give Waterloo a new ‘City Square’ to create a radically improved public space; to improve permeability to and within the area and provide new development principally in the area around and above Waterloo Station.’ :DWHUORRZDVLGHQWL¿HGDVDQ2SSRUWXQLW\$UHDLQWKH 2004 London Plan with an indicative estimate of growth to 2016 of 15,000 new jobs and 500 homes. Subsequently, the Central London Sub-Regional Framework increased the homes target to 2026 to 1,500. In 2004, the GLA as lead client working with Lambeth Council, London Development Agency, Transport for London and Network Rail commissioned consultants led by East Architecture to produce an Opportunity Area Planning Framework (OAPF) for Waterloo. The OAPF is Mayoral guidance supplementary to the London Plan. As such, it is a material consideration for planning applications of a strategic scale and making decisions on the wider planning and development of the area. $IWHUDQLQWURGXFWRU\VHFWLRQWKH2$3)SUR¿OHV:DWHUORR and sets out transport and movement issues. A vision for Waterloo is set out together with strategic objectives A tall buildings strategy is then followed by a section on energy. The framework concludes with next steps and implementation. 3UR¿OLQJ:DWHUORR :DWHUORRSHUIRUPVPDQ\UROHVLWLV¿UPO\SDUWRIWKH Central London economy; it is a major transport node which includes London’s largest rail terminal; it plays an internationally important cultural role; it forms part of the network of the ‘London South Central’ Opportunity Areas and is home to a major hospital and University as well as an expanding residential community. iv ,WVFXUUHQWGHYHORSPHQWKDVEHHQLQÀXHQFHGE\DQXPEHU of key factors including a series of bridges being built in the 18th and 19th centuries which affected the current street pattern; the construction of the railways and associated infrastructure; the effects of World War 2; the Festival of Britain and subsequent South Bank masterplan; and more recent regeneration. 7KH2$3)GH¿QHVIRXUµ&KDUDFWHUDUHDV¶5LYHUVLGH Residential; Railway and Lower Marsh - which are LGHQWL¿HGXVLQJDQDO\VLVLQFOXGLQJWKH&RQVHUYDWLRQ$UHD character appraisals. There is a clear characterisation of Waterloo. The Riverside (largely the South Bank Conservation Area) is marked by a layer of set-piece administrative and cultural buildings set against the River which have a horizontal townscape emphasis - such as County Hall; the Royal Festival Hall and the National Theatre. There is a second layer set behind the Riverside buildings which are punctuated by tall buildings such as the Shell Centre; the ITV tower and King’s Reach Tower. This forms a commercial spine behind. The bend in the River accentuates this point. 7KH2$3)LGHQWL¿HVDQXPEHURIORFDWLRQVDURXQG the area that create a lack of permeability, safety and connectivity issues or provide areas of poor public realm. These include Waterloo Station which has a severance effect on the area and surrounding communities; an irregular road pattern; a poor environment outside Victory Arch and the IMAX area and subways failing to provide a good walking environment. The importance of the cultural quarter and major tourist attractions is outlined. Finally, this section sets out information relating to retailing, population, social infrastructure and open space. v Transport and movement The OAPF analyses transport and movement in the area and sets out a timeline for various improvements. A crucial factor in the development of the area will be the future of Waterloo Station. At present, the station is considered to be operating at full capacity during the evening peak and growth is forecast to continue steadily, with an increase in demand of approximately 20 percent over the next ten years. Network Rail has commenced looking at options for relieving capacity issues at the station which includes an option for relocation of the main station concourse to street level. The relocation of Eurostar services from Waterloo International to St. Pancras in November 2007 will have a direct effect on the future use of the terminal and tracks as well as a major impact on taxi circulation. The planned &URVV5LYHU7UDPZLOODOVREHVLJQL¿FDQWWRWUDQVSRUWDQG movement in Waterloo. Vision and strategic objectives The Opportunity Area Planning Framework addresses Waterloo’s strengths and issues to produce a vision - ‘To give Waterloo a new ‘City Square’ to create a radically improved public space, to improve permeability to and within the area and provide new development principally in the area around