Charles Angrand His Life & Work

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Charles Angrand His Life & Work Charles Angrand His life & work * 19 April 1854 Criquetot-sur-Ouville † 1 April 1926 Rouen Biography Charles Angrand was a French artist who gained renown for his Neo-Impressionist paintings and drawings. He was an important member of the Parisian avant-garde art scene in the late 1880s and early 1890s. Charles Théophile Angrand was born in Criquetot-sur-Ouville, Normandy, France, to schoolmaster Charles P. Angrand (1829–96) and his wife Marie (1833–1905). He received artistic training in Rouen at Académie de Peinture et de Dessin. His first visit to Paris was in 1875, to see a retrospective of the work of Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot at École des Beaux- Arts. Corot was an influence on Angrand's early work. After being denied entry into École des Beaux-Arts, he moved to Paris in 1882, where he began teaching mathematics at Collège Chaptal. His living quarters were near Café d'Athènes, Café Guerbois, Le Chat Noir, and other establishments frequented by artists. Angrand joined the artistic world of the Parisian avant-garde, becoming friends with such luminaries as Georges Seurat, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Signac, Maximilien Luce, and Henri Edmond Cross. His avant-garde artistic and literary contacts influenced him, and in 1884 he co-founded Société des Artistes Indépendants, along with Seurat, Signac, Odilon Redon, and others. His Impressionist paintings of the early 1880s, generally depicting rural subjects and containing broken brushstrokes and light-filled colouration, reflect the influences of Claude Monet and Camille Pissarro. Through his interactions with Seurat, Signac, and others in the mid-1880s, his style evolved towards Neo-Impressionism. From 1887 his paintings were Neo-Impressionist and his drawings incorporated Seurat's tenebrist style. Also in 1887, L'Accident, his first Divisionist painting, was exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants. Angrand joined Seurat in plein air painting on La Grande Jatte island. Angrand's implementation of Pointillist techniques differed from that of some of its leading proponents. He painted with a more muted palette than Seurat and Signac, who used bright contrasting colours. As seen in Couple in the street, Angrand used dots of various colours to enhance shadows and provide the proper tone, while avoiding the violent colouration found in many other Neo-Impressionist works. His monochrome conté crayon drawings such as his self-portrait above, which also demonstrate his delicate handling of light and shadow, were assessed by Signac: "... his drawings are masterpieces. It would be impossible to imagine a better use of white and black ... These are the most beautiful drawings, poems of light, of fine composition and execution." He exhibited his work in Paris at Les Indépendants, Galerie Druet, Galérie Durand-Ruel, and Bernheim-Jeune, and also in Rouen. His work appeared in Brussels in an 1891 show with Les XX. In the early 1890s, he abandoned painting, instead creating conté drawings and pastels of subjects including rural scenes and depictions of mother and child, realized in dark Symbolist intensity. During this period, he also drew illustrations for anarchist publications such as Les Temps nouveaux; other Neo-Impressionists contributing to these publications included Signac, Luce, and Théo van Rysselberghe. In 1896 he moved to Saint-Laurent-en-Caux, in Upper Normandy. He began painting again around 1906, emulating the styles and colours of Signac and Cross. Angrand developed his own unique methods of Divisionism, with larger brushstrokes. As this resulted in rougher optical blending than small dots, he compensated by using more intense colours. Some of his landscapes from this period are almost nonrepresentational. Before World War I, he lived for a year in Dieppe. Then he moved back to Rouen, living there for the rest of his life. Angrand died in Rouen on 1 April 1926. He is buried in Cimetière monumental de Rouen. Paintings in museum collections Château-Musée Dieppe (dessin port de Dieppe, le chalutier) Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio, USA Hecht Museum, Haifa, Israel Musée d'Orsay, Paris (3) Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen (2) Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'archéologie, Besançon (2) Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (Self-Portrait, 1892, Conté crayon on paper) Museum of Fine Arts, Boston National Gallery, London, UK (The Western Railway at its Exit from Paris, 1886) Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indiana Statens Museum for Kunst (National Gallery of Denmark), Copenhagen Valtion Taidemuseo (Finnish National Gallery), Helsinki, Finland Exhibitions Musée de Pontoise, 1er avril - 2 juillet 2006 The exhibition catalog presents a wide range of paintings, pastels, charcoal and pencil drawings by Charles Angrand. Bibliography Bogomila Welsh-Ovcharov, The Early work of Charles Angrand and his contact with Vincent van Gogh, Éditions Victorine, Utrecht, 1971 Charles Angrand 1854-1926, Château-musée de Dieppe, 1976 Catalogue Charles Angrand, Musée de Pontoise, 1er avril - 2 juillet 2006 François Lespinasse, Charles Angrand, 1854-1926, Lecerf, Rouen, 1982 Charles Angrand et François Lespinasse, Correspondances, 1883-1926, F. Lespinasse, Rouen, 1988 (ISBN 2906130001) Christophe Duvivier, François Lespinasse et Adèle Lespinasse, Charles Angrand, 1854-1926, Paris et Pontoise, 2006 (ISBN 2-85056-976-3) Russell T. Clement, Annick Houze : Neo-Impressionist Painters, A Sourcebook on Georges Seurat, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Theo Van Rysselberghe, Henri Edmond Cross, Charles Angrand, Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport, 1999. .
Recommended publications
  • Heather Buckner Vitaglione Mlitt Thesis
    P. SIGNAC'S “D'EUGÈNE DELACROIX AU NÉO-IMPRESSIONISME” : A TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY Heather Buckner Vitaglione A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of MLitt at the University of St Andrews 1985 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13241 This item is protected by original copyright P.Signac's "D'Bugtne Delacroix au n6o-impressionnisme ": a translation and commentary. M.Litt Dissertation University or St Andrews Department or Art History 1985 Heather Buckner Vitaglione I, Heather Buckner Vitaglione, hereby declare that this dissertation has been composed solely by myself and that it has not been accepted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a candidate for the degree of M.Litt. as of October 1983. Access to this dissertation in the University Library shall be governed by a~y regulations approved by that body. It t certify that the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations have been fulfilled. TABLE---.---- OF CONTENTS._-- PREFACE. • • i GLOSSARY • • 1 COLOUR CHART. • • 3 INTRODUCTION • • • • 5 Footnotes to Introduction • • 57 TRANSLATION of Paul Signac's D'Eug~ne Delac roix au n~o-impressionnisme • T1 Chapter 1 DOCUMENTS • • • • • T4 Chapter 2 THE INFLUBNCB OF----- DELACROIX • • • • • T26 Chapter 3 CONTRIBUTION OF THE IMPRESSIONISTS • T45 Chapter 4 CONTRIBUTION OF THB NEO-IMPRBSSIONISTS • T55 Chapter 5 THB DIVIDED TOUCH • • T68 Chapter 6 SUMMARY OF THE THRBE CONTRIBUTIONS • T80 Chapter 7 EVIDENCE • . • • • • • T82 Chapter 8 THE EDUCATION OF THB BYE • • • • • 'I94 FOOTNOTES TO TRANSLATION • • • • T108 BIBLIOGRAPHY • • • • • T151 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Impressionist Adventures
    impressionist adventures THE NORMANDY & PARIS REGION GUIDE 2020 IMPRESSIONIST ADVENTURES, INSPIRING MOMENTS! elcome to Normandy and Paris Region! It is in these regions and nowhere else that you can admire marvellous Impressionist paintings W while also enjoying the instantaneous emotions that inspired their artists. It was here that the art movement that revolutionised the history of art came into being and blossomed. Enamoured of nature and the advances in modern life, the Impressionists set up their easels in forests and gardens along the rivers Seine and Oise, on the Norman coasts, and in the heart of Paris’s districts where modernity was at its height. These settings and landscapes, which for the most part remain unspoilt, still bear the stamp of the greatest Impressionist artists, their precursors and their heirs: Daubigny, Boudin, Monet, Renoir, Degas, Morisot, Pissarro, Caillebotte, Sisley, Van Gogh, Luce and many others. Today these regions invite you on a series of Impressionist journeys on which to experience many joyous moments. Admire the changing sky and light as you gaze out to sea and recharge your batteries in the cool of a garden. Relive the artistic excitement of Paris and Montmartre and the authenticity of the period’s bohemian culture. Enjoy a certain Impressionist joie de vivre in company: a “déjeuner sur l’herbe” with family, or a glass of wine with friends on the banks of the Oise or at an open-air café on the Seine. Be moved by the beauty of the paintings that fill the museums and enter the private lives of the artists, exploring their gardens and homes-cum-studios.
    [Show full text]
  • Vincent Van Gogh the Starry Night
    Richard Thomson Vincent van Gogh The Starry Night the museum of modern art, new york The Starry Night without doubt, vincent van gogh’s painting the starry night (fig. 1) is an iconic image of modern culture. One of the beacons of The Museum of Modern Art, every day it draws thousands of visitors who want to gaze at it, be instructed about it, or be photographed in front of it. The picture has a far-flung and flexible identity in our collective musée imaginaire, whether in material form decorating a tie or T-shirt, as a visual quotation in a book cover or caricature, or as a ubiquitously understood allusion to anguish in a sentimental popular song. Starry Night belongs in the front rank of the modern cultural vernacular. This is rather a surprising status to have been achieved by a painting that was executed with neither fanfare nor much explanation in Van Gogh’s own correspondence, that on reflection the artist found did not satisfy him, and that displeased his crucial supporter and primary critic, his brother Theo. Starry Night was painted in June 1889, at a period of great complexity in Vincent’s life. Living at the asylum of Saint-Rémy in the south of France, a Dutchman in Provence, he was cut off from his country, family, and fellow artists. His isolation was enhanced by his state of health, psychologically fragile and erratic. Yet for all these taxing disadvantages, Van Gogh was determined to fulfill himself as an artist, the road that he had taken in 1880.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 H-France Review Vol. 15 (July 2015), No. 91 Claire White
    H-France Review Volume 15 (2015) Page 1 H-France Review Vol. 15 (July 2015), No. 91 Claire White, Work and Leisure in Late Nineteenth-Century French Literature and Visual Culture: Time, Politics and Class. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 2014. 246 pp. Figures, notes, bibliography, and index. $75.00 U.S. (hb). ISBN 978-1-137-37306-9. Review by Elizabeth Emery, Montclair State University. The 2006 youth protests against the Contrat première embauche and the 2014 CGT and FO walkouts on the third Conférence sociale pour le travail provide vivid examples of the extent to which the regulation of work continues to dominate the French cultural landscape. Claire White’s Work and Leisure in Late Nineteenth-Century French Literature and Visual Culture contributes a new and fascinating, if idiosyncratic, chapter to our knowledge of French attitudes toward labor and leisure. This is not a classic history of labor reform, but rather, as the author puts it in her introduction, an attempt to situate art and literature within this well-studied context by focusing primarily on the representation of work and leisure in the novels of Emile Zola, the poetry of Jules Laforgue, and the paintings of Maximilien Luce. The book’s title should not be interpreted as a study of the representation of work and leisure in literature and visual culture in general, but in the specific case of these three artists, each of whom “engages with discourses of labour and leisure in a way which is both highly self-conscious and which reveals something about his own understanding of the processes, values and politics of cultural work in the early Third Republic” (p.
    [Show full text]
  • Art Planning Based on Pointillism
    Maintaining and supporting your child’s learning during school closure Dear Parents / Carers, Thank you for the work done so far and encouraging the children to keep up with it in such difficult circumstances. We know you will all be doing your very best. Below is an outline of some Art planning based on Pointillism. Keep safe and stay in touch. Kind Regards, The Year 3 Team Art Mon Georges Seurat 08.06.21 Read through the PowerPoint about Georges Seurat. If you cannot access the PowerPoint, use a computer/iPad to research Georges Seurat. Tues Pointillism 09.06.21 Read through the PowerPoint about Pointillism. If you cannot access the PowerPoint, use a computer/iPad to research Pointillism. Choose one artist from the following: Georges Seurat, Paul Signac, Maximillian Luce or Charles Angrand and complete the sheet: Pointillism Painter Fact File. You will need access to a computer/iPad so you can research them on the internet. Make sure you choose an artist because you love their artwork. You will be using this artist as inspiration over the next couple of weeks. Wed Pointillism techniques 10.06.21 Watch the video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1dyapH_yAPQ, which teaches Pointillism techniques of shading and blending, using felt tip pens and paint. Once you have watched the video, have a go at experimenting with both techniques. If you do not have cotton buds, you could use the end of a paintbrush or pencil. It would be great to see your experimentations so ask your parent or carer to send us a picture of your work via the Year 3 email.
    [Show full text]
  • Exhibition Checklist
    Exhibition Checklist Félix Fénéon: The Anarchist and the Avant-Garde—From Signac to Matisse and Beyond Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac May 28, 2019-September 29, 2019 Musée de l'Orangerie October 16, 2019-January 27, 2020 The Museum of Modern Art, New York March 22, 2020-July 25, 2020 11w53, On View, 3rd Floor, South Gallery GIACOMO BALLA (Italian, 1871–1958) ALPHONSE BERTILLON (French, 1853–1914) Ravachol. François Claudius Kœnigstein. 1892 Albumen silver print 4 1/8 × 2 3/4 × 3/16" (10.5 × 7 × 0.5 cm) The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gilman Collection, Museum Purchase, 2005 ALPHONSE BERTILLON (French, 1853–1914) Fénéon. Félix. 1894–95 Albumen silver print 4 1/8 × 2 3/4 × 3/16" (10.5 × 7 × 0.5 cm) The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gilman Collection, Museum Purchase, 2005 ALPHONSE BERTILLON (French, 1853–1914) Luce. Maximilien. 1894 Albumen silver print 4 1/8 × 2 3/4 × 3/16" (10.5 × 7 × 0.5 cm) The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gilman Collection, Museum Purchase, 2005 Félix Fénéon: The Anarchist and the Avant-Garde—From Signac to Matisse and Beyond 1 ALPHONSE BERTILLON (French, 1853–1914) Police photograph of exterior of Restaurant Foyot, Paris, after the bombing on April 4, 1894 1894 Facsimile 6 × 9 1/8" (15.2 × 23.1 cm) Archives de la Préfecture de police, Paris UMBERTO BOCCIONI (Italian, 1882–1916) The Laugh 1911 Oil on canvas 43 3/8 x 57 1/4" (110.2 x 145.4 cm) The Museum of Modern Art, New York.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (PDF)
    EDUCATOR GUIDE SCHEDULE EDUCATOR OPEN HOUSE Friday, September 28, 4–6pm | Jepson Center TABLE OF CONTENTS LECTURE Schedule 2 Thursday, September 27, 6pm TO Visiting the Museum 2 Members only | Jepson Center MONET Museum Manners 3 French Impressionism About the Exhibition 4 VISITING THE MUSEUM PLAN YOUR TRIP About the Artist 5 Schedule your guided tour three weeks Claude Monet 6–8 in advance and notify us of any changes MATISSE Jean-François Raffaëlli 9–10 or cancellations. Call Abigail Stevens, Sept. 28, 2018 – Feb. 10, 2019 School & Docent Program Coordinator, at Maximilien Luce 11–12 912.790.8827 to book a tour. Mary Cassatt 13–14 Admission is $5 each student per site, and we Camille Pissarro 15–16 allow one free teacher or adult chaperone per every 10 students. Additional adults are $5.50 Edgar Degas 17–19 per site. Connections to Telfair Museums’ Use this resource to engage students in pre- Permanent Collection 20–22 and post-lessons! We find that students get Key Terms 22 the most out of their museum experience if they know what to expect and revisit the Suggested Resources 23 material again. For information on school tours please visit https://www.telfair.org/school-tours/. MEMBERSHIP It pays to join! Visit telfair.org/membership for more information. As an educator, you are eligible for a special membership rate. For $40, an educator membership includes the following: n Unlimited free admission to Telfair Museums’ three sites for one year (Telfair Academy, Owens-Thomas House & Slave Quarters, Jepson Center) n Invitations to special events and lectures n Discounted rates for art classes (for all ages) and summer camps n 10 percent discount at Telfair Stores n Eligibility to join museum member groups n A one-time use guest pass 2 MUSEUM MANNERS Address museum manners before you leave school.
    [Show full text]
  • Portraits of Sculptors in Modernism
    Konstvetenskapliga institutionen Portraits of Sculptors in Modernism Författare: Olga Grinchtein © Handledare: Karin Wahlberg Liljeström Påbyggnadskurs (C) i konstvetenskap Vårterminen 2021 ABSTRACT Institution/Ämne Uppsala universitet. Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, Konstvetenskap Författare Olga Grinchtein Titel och undertitel: Portraits of Sculptors in Modernism Engelsk titel: Portraits of Sculptors in Modernism Handledare Karin Wahlberg Liljeström Ventileringstermin: Höstterm. (år) Vårterm. (år) Sommartermin (år) 2021 The portrait of sculptor emerged in the sixteenth century, where the sitter’s occupation was indicated by his holding a statue. This thesis has focus on portraits of sculptors at the turn of 1900, which have indications of profession. 60 artworks created between 1872 and 1927 are analyzed. The goal of the thesis is to identify new facets that modernism introduced to the portraits of sculptors. The thesis covers the evolution of artistic convention in the depiction of sculptor. The comparison of portraits at the turn of 1900 with portraits of sculptors from previous epochs is included. The thesis is also a contribution to the bibliography of portraits of sculptors. 2 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor Karin Wahlberg Liljeström for her help and advice. I also thank Linda Hinners for providing information about Annie Bergman’s portrait of Gertrud Linnea Sprinchorn. I would like to thank my mother for supporting my interest in art history. 3 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Gli Uomini E Le Cose I
    GLI UOMINI E LE COSE I. Figure di restauratori e casi di restauro in Italia tra XVIII e XX secolo Saggi, 7 a cura di Paola D’Alconzo Paola D’Alconzo – docente di Museologia e Restauro presso la Facoltà di Lettere GLI UOMINI E LE COSE C e Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II – dopo aver lavora- to per alcuni anni come restauratrice di dipinti, si è orientata verso il settore della ricerca storica applicata ai temi della tutela normativa, della conservazione e del restauro del patrimonio storico-artistico dell’Italia meridionale. Oltre a diversi studi dedicati a questioni particolari, ha pubblicato L’anello del re. Tutela del patrimonio storico-artistico nel Regno di Napoli (1734-1824) (Edifir, 1999), e Picturæ excisæ. Conservazione e restauro dei dipinti ercolanesi e pompeiani tra XVIII e XIX secolo («L’Erma» di Bretschneider, 2002). Gli interventi raccolti in questo volume hanno come oggetto le attività di tutela e conservazione del patrimonio storico-artistico e archeologico promosse in Italia tra la seconda metà del XVIII secolo e la prima metà del XX, riferite ad opere differenti per cronologia e materiali (dipinti murali e quadri da galleria, sculture medievali e rinascimentali, mosaici, vasi di scavo, interi contesti archeo- logici), con il naturale corollario dei dibattiti teorici e delle affermazioni di meto- do che le accompagnarono. D’Alconzo a cura di Paola Nel titolo, il richiamo a Fernand Braudel riassume il desiderio di tracciare un percorso non astratto, ma ancorato alla realtà degli oggetti e di coloro che nel tempo se ne sono occupati.
    [Show full text]
  • Program and Abstracts
    2016 LLD CONFERENCE The 6th International Conference on Law, Language and Discourse The development of legal language and its interpretation: Linguistic and pragmatic aspects of the evolution of the synchronic understanding of legal texts August 1-4, 2016 The University of Haifa, Israel Contents Convener Scientific Committee About the LLD6 Conference About the LLD6 Conference’s Theme Haifa in a Nutshell Logistical Information Practical Information 2016 LLD Conference At-A-Glance 2016 LLD Conference Schedule Abstracts Program author index CONVENER Sol Azuelos-Atias Department of Hebrew Language University of Haifa Phone: +972-522847742 E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 3 SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Janet Ainsworth, Seattle University of Jerusalem, Israel University, USA Prof. Zohar Livnat, Bar Ilan University, Dr. Orly Albeck, The Academy of the Israel Hebrew language, Israel Ran Lustigman, Lawyer, Israel Prof. Shulamit Almog, University of Haifa, Israel Dr. Yaniv Roznai, Radzyner School of Law, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Dr. , Department of Sol Azuelos-Atias Herzliya, Israel Hebrew Language, University of Haifa Prof. Le Cheng, Zhejiang University, Joseph Shattach, Lawyer, Israel China Dr. Avi Gvura, Beit Berl College, Israel Prof. Lawrence Solan, The Brooklyn Law School, USA Prof. Dennis Kurzon, University of Prof. , Université du Haifa, Israel Anne Wagner Littoral Côte d'Opale, France Prof. Berachyahu Lifshitz, The Hebrew Prof. Zvi Zohar, Bar Ilan University, Israel ABOUT THE LLD6 CONFERENCE The Conference, the theme of which is "The development of legal language and its interpretation: Linguistic and pragmatic aspects of the evolution of the synchronic understanding of legal texts," is taking place for the first time in the sunny Middle East (after China and Sweden).
    [Show full text]
  • New Directions in Neo-Impressionism (London, 20 Nov 10)
    New Directions in Neo-Impressionism (London, 20 Nov 10) Dr Tania Woloshyn et al Call for Papers CONFERENCE: Saturday 20 November 2010 VENUE: Richmond, the American International University in London, UK Proposals of approx.250 words due by 1 July to: [email protected] 2010 marks the centenary of the death of Neo-Impressionist Henri-Edmond Cross (1856-1910) as well as the release of a new book of collected essays which re-evaluate the work of Georges Seurat (1859-1891), 'Seurat Re-Viewed' (edited by Paul Smith; published by Penn State Press, 2010). It is therefore a fitting time to reconsider the artistic production and contextual themes around Neo-Impressionism, a much maligned movement that has often been described as a series of artistic, political and scientific failures. Its new direction after the death of Seurat in 1891, under the self-declared leadership of Paul Signac (1863-1935), has been posited less as a renewal towards alternative but equally radical luminous experiments than a progressive degeneration from its original conception. Specifically, the works of Cross, Signac and Théo van Rysselberghe (1862-1926) produced along the Côte d'Azur during the 1890s and early 1900s deserve new academic attention as more than merely utopic or escapist visions set in 'holiday' landscapes. This conference proposes to bring together emerging and established scholars of Neo-Impressionism for an exciting reappraisal of its history within the heart of London at an international, bilingual conference at Richmond, the American International
    [Show full text]
  • Today, We Will Be Looking at Difference Between the 4 Seasons and Creating Some Artwork to Show These Differences. Monday 15Th J
    Monday 15th June 2020 Today, we will be looking at difference between the 4 seasons and creating some artwork to show these differences. Can you name all of the months of the year, in order? Spring This is the season that we have just finished. Spring is the season where a lot of new life begins (remember, we learnt about new life and Easter in RE?) New life can mean animals being born, flowers beginning to grow again and leaves returning to trees after the cold winter. Summer After Spring, we have Summer. Summer is the warmest season and this is the season that we are in now. There are more daylight hours in Summer than in any other season. The trees are full of leaves by the Summer and flowers have bloomed. Summer is a very colourful season, with lots of wildlife. Autumn Next is Autumn. In the Autumn, the leaves turn from green to orange and brown and red. There are so many colours in Autumn as the leaves prepare to fall off the trees before Winter. In the USA, they call Autumn, Fall. Animals forage in Autumn which means that they collect food to store for the winter. Winter Finally we have Winter. This is the last season before we start again with the seasons cycle. Winter is the coldest season. Sometimes there is snow but not always unless you live in the very far north. Many animals hibernate during the winter and most trees have lost their leaves. It can be frosty and misty, especially in the mornings.
    [Show full text]