Venus:: NASANASA HQHQ PerspectivesPerspectives

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Andrew Danztler Planetary Division Director

Adriana Ocampo Venus Discipline Scientist Adriana.C.Ocampo@.gov

Pasadena, USA 1-2 May 2006

1 (ESA)

• CONGRATULATIONS to VeX Team for a successful VOI!!!!!!! Looking forward to great science results

• NASA is happy to be part of Vex via: – Participating Scientist (10) – And Interdisciplinary Scientist and Support Investigators (soon to be announced)

• Timely results from VeX will help define the next steps for Venus exploration

Ref: ESA

2 Venus Exploration Analysis Group (VEXAG) •VEXAG plays a key role to identify scientific priorities and strategy for exploration of Venus. Voice for the scientific community. Forum for coordination

• VEXAG working together with Venus Express needs to include the latest findings and fold them into Venus scientific priorities.

• VEXAG will report on the community assessment and provide input to NASA, but will not make recommendations.

• Key to work together with other assessment groups (OPAG, MEPAG, etc) to have an integrated program 3 Potential Future Missions: Discovery / New Frontiers Classes Next Step: NASA’s Options for Venus Exploration in the near term Discovery Program – (<$350M) PI-led and competitively selected (6 to 7 per decade) – Venus concepts have been proposed at each opportunity; – Include orbiter, probe, lander and balloon concepts; – Discovery 12 Announcement of Opportunity has close and the proposal are under review – (<$650M) PI-led and competitively selected, but to a specified set of targets (4 per decade) – Announcement of Opportunity expected in late 2008 or 2009 – Two mission selected , () and Juno () International collaboration and coordination - Mission of Opportunity via Discovery and New Frontiers 4 SummarySummary

•VeX results are important for future exploration of Venus, off to a a great start •VEXAG play a key role to coordinate the scientific community and prioritized objectives •NASA near term path for Venus exploration are the: - Discovery Program - New Frontiers

5 BACK-UP SLIDES

6 Exploration Decadal Survey – 2002

Integrated Exploration Strategy • Presents key scientific questions • Ranked list of conceptual missions • Recommendations for the decade 2003-2013 • A set of “deferred high priority flight missions for decades beyond that” • Recommended significant investments in advanced technology to enable high priority flight missions

Implementation Approach • Discovery Program (<$350M) PI-led and competitively selected (6 to 7 per decade) • New Frontiers Program (<$650M) PI-led and competitively selected, but to a specified set of targets (4 per decade) – Jupiter Orbiter w/ Probe, Lunar Sample Return, Sample Return and Venus In Situ Explorer • Flagship missions (>$650M) – directed missions http://www.nap.edu – like Cassini Huygens, 1 per decade 7 SSE Decadal Survey: Inner Solar System: Keys to Habitable Worlds

Exploration Strategy • Sample Return Missions from targets of increasing difficulty – Moon first – next – Mercury-Venus

• In-Situ Exploration of Venus – Investigate surface and atmospheric chemistry – Demonstrate key technologies for sample return

•Network Scienceat Venus and Mercury – Seismology and magnetic fields – Heat flow – Atmospheric circulation for Venus – Technologies for extreme environments

Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech 8 Solar System Exploration Strategic Road Map – May 2005

2005 - 2015 2015 - 2025 2025 - 2035

New Start Geophysical Observer Decision Flagship Missions

Acronyms and Legend Technology Titan Explorer Decision SPAB – South Pole Aitken Basin SR – Sample Return FB – Flyby Other future options Technology DP – Deep Probes Venus Surface Explorer Comet Surface SR Decision Habitability Thread Europa Astrobiology or Architecture Thread Jupiter FB/DP Science Neptune System or … Decision Venus Surface Sample Venus In situ Return Lunar SPAB Explorer New Horizons OR New Frontiers 3/decade (Pluto) Jupiter Polar Orb Discovery 5/decade

Strategic First-Decade Technology Developments: - Power - Hypervelocity/Aero entry - High Temperature and High Pressure Operations Operations- Low Temperature Technology Development Ground-based Observations Research and Analysis Education & Public Outreach All mission categories in the SSE Roadmap (2005) includes missions for Venus Exploration These categories are: Flagship, New Frontiers and Discovery 9 On-going Mission: Venus Express (ESA)

NASA Participation on Venus Express: • 10 Venus Express Participating Scientist (PS) selected (NASA NRA Jan. ‘05; selection July ‘05, 10 selected out of 30 proposals submitted) Charles Acton - JPL NAIF Sushil Atreya - Univ. Michigan,Coupled dynamics and chemistry Kevin Baines - JPL, To the depths of Venus with Venus Express. US Science lead PS. Pontus Brandt - JHU/APL, Aspera-4 investigation David Crisp - JPL, To the depths of Venus with Venus Express Sanjay Limaye - Univ. Wisconsin, Exploration of dynamics and chemistry Janet Luhmann - UC Berkeley, Building on PVO Chris Russell - UCLA, Magnetometer investigation Alan Stern - SwRI, Occultation experiments (SPICAV) Len Tyler - Stanford, Radio science • DSN support (bistatic radar, Venus movie, etc) Tommy Thompson Lead for DSN and Program Support • Educational Outreach Program lead by Rosalyn Pertzborg and Sanjay Limaye ESA Announcement of Opportunity for Interdisciplinary Ref: ESA Scientist is out

NASA is considering supporting 1-3 USA VEX IDS 10 Recent NASA Solar System Exploration Strategic Plans

1. NRC Decadal Survey – 2002 “New Frontiers in the Solar System, an Integrated Exploration Strategy”. Technical Report, Space Studies Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. http://www.nap.edu 2. Solar System Exploration Roadmap – 2003 The 2003 Solar System Exploration Roadmap is available on line at http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/download-detail.cfm?DL_ID=3 3. Strategic Road Map for Solar System Exploration – 2005 Available from the Outer Planets Assessment Group (OPAG) website: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/opag/announcements.html

1. 2. 3.

11