AMERICANt MUSEUM Novltates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 3152, 12 pp., 31 figures November 17, 1995

On , a New of the Family (Araneae, Dysderoidea)

NORMAN I. PLATNICK1 AND ANTONIO D. BRESCOVIT2 ABSTRACT A new genus, Unicorn, is established for from Bolivia. argentina Mello- some South American dysderoid that Leitao is transferred to Unicorn, and a male are easily mistaken for orsolobids but lack of the species is described for the first time. the elevated tarsal organ considered syna- Unicorn is hypothesized to represent a close pomorphic for that family. The monophyly relative ofthe oonopid genus Xiombarg Brig- of Unicorn is supported by the presence of a noli; the female of its type species, X. plau- clypeal horn and an expanded palpal tibia in manni Brignoli, is described for the first time, males. Five new species are described: U. cat- and the species is newly recorded from east- leyi (type species), U. toconao, U. socos, and ern Argentina. U. cha,cabuco from Chile, and U. huanaco

INTRODUCTION Some ofthe peculiar haplogyne spiders de- tioned "a few undescribed species of Neo- scribed below have been known in collections tropical Diguetids, including species with ... for several years. The first reference to them cephalic horns in males" (his comment was in the modern literature was apparently pub- based on the specimen discussed below as lished by Lehtinen (1981: 4-5), who men- Unicorn argentina).

1 Curator, Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History; Adjunct Professor, Department of Biology, City College, City University of New York; Adjunct Professor, Department of Entomology, Cornell Uni- versity. 2 Lab. Artr6podos Peconhentos, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil 1500, C. Postal 65, CEP 05503-900, Sao Paulo SP, Brazil.

Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 1995 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $1.70 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152

Figs. 1, 2. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal views. 1. Unicorn catleyi, new species. 2. U. huanaco, new species.

When the family was rede- been encountered. In each case, the addi- fined and reviewed by Forster and Platnick tional specimens also were initially (and mis- (1985), a few odd dysderoid specimens from takenly) thought, by us and other workers, to central Chile and Argentina (including the be orsolobids. More detailed study suggests male misidentified as a diguetid by Lehtinen) that they represent a monophyletic group (de- were suspected to be orsolobids, because of scribed below as the genus Unicorn) that their relatively large size, eye arrangement, seems closest to the oonopid genus Xiombarg color pattern, parallel endites, and the pres- Brignoli (1979), previously known only from ence in males of a clypeal horn (figs. 1, 2) the male holotype ofits type species, X. plau- similar to that of the Tasmanian orsolobid manni Brignoli from Santa Catarina, Brazil. genus Cornifalx Hickman (1979). Scanning Two additional specimens ofthat species are electron microscopy, however, revealed that reported below, from Rio Grande do Sul, these lack the elevated tarsal organ Brazil, and Misiones, Argentina. Their gen- that is considered synapomorphic for the Or- eral appearance is very similar to that of Uni- solobidae. corn species, and it is thus not surprising that Over more recent years, additional speci- these specimens were also thought initially to mens from northern Chile and Bolivia have be orsolobids. 1995 PLATNICK AND BRESCOVIT- UNICORN 3

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U . -4 B Figs. 3-8. Unicorn catleyi, new species. 3. Male , posterior view, 4. Male cheliceral fang, posterior view, showing tooth-shaped tip ofcheliceral lamina. 5. Male chelicerae, oblique posterior view. 6. Claws of leg I, male, distal view. 7. Claws of leg IV, male, oblique ventral view. 8. Claws of leg I, female, oblique ventral view. 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152

Figs. 9-14. 9-11. Unicorn catleyi, new species. 12-14. Xiombargplaumanni Brignoli. 9. Tarsal organ from leg I, male, dorsal view. 10. Same, female. 11. Trichobothrial base from metatarsus IV, male, dorsal view. 12. Trichobothrial base from tibia I, male, dorsal view. 13, 14. Male chelicerae, posterior views. 1995 PLATNICK AND BRESCOVIT- UNICORN 5

Figs. 15-17. Unicorn catleyi, new species, left male palp. 15. Prolateral view. 16. Ventral view. 17. Retrolateral view.

Many of the features in which these ani- 5, 13, 14). Brignoli (1979: 914, fig. 3) illus- mals resemble orsolobids are plesiomorphic trated the process in Xiombarg (even though within the Dysderoidea. These taxa are thus he described that taxon as having "cheliceri ofspecial interest, since it appears likely that privi di denti"). The occurrence of a distinct they (along with the genus Orchestina Simon, lamina in these dysderoids supports the re- with which they share an H-shaped eye ar- sults of Platnick et al.'s (1991) cladistic anal- rangement in which the lateral eye diads are ysis, which indicated that the presence of a widely separated from the posterior medians) cheliceral lamina is a synapomorphy ofHap- are among the most primitive members of logynae, rather than just ofthe smaller group the Oonopidae, an understudied group in Sicarioidea. The latter hypothesis was sug- which generic interrelationships remain al- gested again recently by Forster (1995), but most totally unresolved. (Ifthe views ofDal- that view is highly unparsimonious (even on mas, 1916: 205, on the affinities of the Af- the basis ofprevious data), and becomes even rican genera Calculus Purcell and Sulsula less persuasive now that a cheliceral lamina Simon are correct, they may also belong has been found within the Dysderoidea. among this assemblage ofrelatively primitive Given these plesiomorphic characteristics, oonopids, but we have seen no specimens of one might reasonably ask why Unicorn and those taxa.) We describe here the six known Xiombarg (and, for that matter, even Or- species belonging to Unicorn, and also pro- chestina) should be considered oonopids at vide supplementary information on Xiom- all. No extensive argument for the mono- barg, including a description ofthe first known phyly ofthe family, even with the orsolobids female of its type species. removed, has ever been put forward. It ap- Of particular interest in both genera is the pears at this point that only two derived char- presence of a cheliceral lamina, terminating acters, the loss ofcheliceral teeth and the loss in a strong, tooth-shaped process situated op- ofthe female palpal claw, may effectively sep- posite the tip of the cheliceral fang (figs. 3- arate oonopids from the other dysderoids 6 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152

21 22

Figs. 18-22. Internal female genitalia, dorsal views. 18. Unicorn catleyi, new species. 19. U. toconao, new species. 20. U. socos, new species. 21. U. chacabuco, new species. 22. Xiombargplaumanni Brignoli.

(Forster and Platnick, 1985). Neither loss tors listed below for making available types character is compelling, and at least two other and crucial material. We thank Mohammad features of Unicorn and Xiombarg are atyp- Shadab and Peling Fong-Melville of the ical among oonopids: the capsulate tarsal or- American Museum of Natural History for gan, and the clearly uniseriate tarsal claw help with illustrations and scanning electron dentition. Charles Griswold (in litt.) has ex- micrographs. Fieldwork for this project was amined specimens from South Africa that supported by National Science Foundation closely resemble Unicorn and Xiombarg in grants BSR-8312611 and BSR-9024566. eye pattern, tarsal organ morphology, claw Helpful comments on a draft of the manu- dentition, and claw tuft morphology. The script were provided by Ray Forster of Dun- capsulate tarsal organ may unite these South edin, New Zealand, Charles Griswold of the African dysderoids (which might belong to California Academy of Sciences, Mark Har- Calculus) with Unicorn and Xiombarg in a vey of the Western Australian Museum, group that could thus represent the sister Hubert Hofer of the Staatliches Museum fur group of the other oonopids. Judging by un- Naturkunde, Karlsruhe, and John Murphy of published micrographs by R. R. Forster, at Hampton, England. All measurements are in least some species currently placed in Or- millimeters. chestina have a tarsal organ with a distinctly raised lip, identical neither to the capsulate form (figs. 9, 10) nor to the flat, exposed organ COLLECrIONS EXAMINED typical of other oonopids (Forster and Plat- AMNH American Museum of Natural History nick, 1985: figs. 858, 859). CAS California Academy of Sciences, C. We are grateful to the curators and collec- Griswold 1 995 PLATNICK AND BRESCOVIT- UNICORN 7

23 25

Figs. 23-25. Unicorn toconao, new species, left male palp. 23. Prolateral view. 24. Ventral view. 25. Retrolateral view.

CBF Coleccion Boliviano de Fauna, La Paz, diads widely separated from the posterior R. Altamirano medians (figs. 1, 2); more derived oonopid MCP Museu de Ciencias da Pontificia Univ- genera have the lateral eye diads close to the ersidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, posterior medians (and, in the most derived Porto Alegre, A. A. Lise forms, even have the two anterior lateral eyes MCZ Museum ofComparative Zoology, Har- touching each other, in front of the posterior vard University, H. W. Levi medians). Unicorn specimens lack the en- MHNG Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Ge- larged femora IV that are synapomorphic for neve, B. Hauser Orchestina. Males of Unicorn can easily be MLP Museo de La Plata, Argentina, C. Sut- separated from those ofXiombarg and other ton de Licitra genera by the presence ofa clypeal horn (figs. 1, 2) and an expanded palpal tibia (figs. 15- SYSTEMATICS 17). Both sexes of Unicorn differ from those UNICORN, NEW of Xiombarg in having spines on at least the GENUS posterior tibiae and metatarsi. TYPE SPECIES: Unicorn catleyi, new species. DESCRIPTION: Relatively large oonopids ETyMoLoGy: The generic name refers to (total length 2.2-2.8). Carapace yellow, pars the clypeal horn of males, and is considered cephalica low, flat, greatly narrowed opposite masculine in gender. palpi, usually darkened posteriorly, usually DIAGNosIs: Specimens of Unicorn resem- with four dark lines radiating forward to oc- ble those ofOrchestina Simon and Xiombarg ular area; males with anteromedially pro- Brignoli (and of the Orsolobidae) in having jecting clypeal horn (figs. 1, 2) surrounded by an H-shaped eye pattern, with the lateral eye extremely long, stiff, erect setae extending 8 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152

Figs. 26-28. Unicorn argentina (Mello-Leitio), left male palp. 26. Prolateral view. 27. Ventral view. 28. Retrolateral view. from behind eyes to point considerably an- rO-l-1; metatarsi: III pl-1-0, vlp-lp-lp, rl- terior ofhorn; pars thoracica flat, coated with 1-0; IV pl-1-i, vlp-lp-2, rl-1-l; tarsi with long, recumbent setae. Six subequal eyes oc- two claws, each bearing single row of about cupying most of cephalic width, arranged in 12 long teeth, claws situated on onychium H-shaped pattern, with anterior laterals bearing three spatulate setae, with two lateral widely separated; posterior medians almost setae situated dorsad of single median one contiguous, separated from posterior laterals (figs. 6-8); apparently with single subdistal by more than their diameter. Chelicerae sex- trichobothrium on metatarsi, none verified ually dimorphic (those ofmales long, slender, on tibiae or tarsi, base with three elevated anteriorly more excavated than those of fe- ridges (fig. 11); tarsal organ capsulate (figs. 9, males), vertical, long, extending beyond en- 10). Abdomen white, with dark cardiac mark dites, with typical haplogyne median lamina and posterior chevrons, most posterior pair terminating in single, large, tooth-shaped ofchevrons extending almost entirely around process situated opposite fang tip (figs. 3-5); , venter with pair of dark, longi- normal cheliceral teeth absent. Endites long, tudinal stripes near sides; all surfaces densely extending beyond labium, unmodified, par- clothed with long, stiff setae. Six spinnerets, allel, separated at tip by almost their width, anterior laterals with three segments, poste- bearing short serrula composed of single row rior laterals with two; colulus narrow, setose of teeth; labium short, rebordered. Legs uni- (insufficient specimens available for scanning formly yellow, long, slender, clothed with long electron microscopy of spigot morphology). setae; typical leg spination pattern (only sur- Respiratory system with two closely spaced faces bearing spines listed): tibiae: I, II pO-1 - pairs of spiracles, anterior pair leading to 1, vO-0-2, rO-0-1; III, IV pO-1-1, vlp-lp-2, booklungs with few lamellae, posterior pair 1995 PLATNICK AND BRESCOVIT- UNICORN 9

Figs. 29-31. Unicorn huanaco, new species, left male palp. 29. Prolateral view. 30. Ventral view. 31. Retrolateral view. more narrowly separated from each other, ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a pa- leading to pair of large tracheal trunks ex- tronym in honor of one of the collectors. tending anterior of genitalia before breaking DIAGNOSIS: This species seems closest to into tracheoles. Male palp with enlarged tibia U. toconao but has a much smaller male clyp- (figs. 15, 17); embolus with subbasal hook on eal horn (fig. 1), lacks a protrusion on the proximal side, accompanied by translucent distal surface ofthe base ofthe male embolus sclerite (fig. 16). Female palp without claw. (figs. 15-17), and has a more widely expand- Anterior portion offemale genitalia with sin- ed tip ofthe anterior receptaculum offemales gle anterior receptaculum, expanded distally, (fig. 18). pair of sclerotized lateral plates, and single, MALE: Total length, not including cheli- circular, sclerotized median plate; posterior ceral horn, 2.27. Carapace 1.11 long, 0.90 portion with globose, membranous median wide. Femur 1 1.20 long. Coloration typical receptaculum (figs. 18-21). for genus except abdominal venter without DISTRIBUTION: Known only from central longitudinal stripes, with single transverse and northern Chile, western Argentina, and stripe at epigastric level. Clypeal horn rela- Bolivia. tively small (fig. 1). Eye length ratio, ALE: PME:PLE, 4:5:5; PME separated by over half Unicorn catleyi, new species their length from ALE, PLE separated by three Figures 1, 3-11, 15-18 times the PME length. Chelicerae 0.58 long. Types: Male holotype and female allotype Leg spination: tibiae I pO-1-0; metatarsi II, from an elevation of 3400 m at a site 2 km III rO- 1-0. Base of embolus lacking protru- S Zapahuira, 18°20'S, 69°34'W, Parinacota, sion on distal surface at point where main Region de Tarapac'a (I), Chile (Feb. 3, 1994; body ofembolus turns toward prolateral side N. I. Platnick, K. M. Catley, R. Calderon G., ofbulb; translucent sclerite relatively narrow R. T. Allen), deposited in AMNH. at base (figs. 15-17). 10 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152

FEMALE: Total length 2.71. Carapace 1.22 tion typical for genus. Eye length ratio, ALE: long, 0.94 wide. Femur 1 1.02 long. Colora- PME:PLE, 3:5:5; PME separated by two- tion typical for genus except abdominal ven- thirds their length from ALE, PLE separated ter unmarked. Eye length ratio, ALE:PME: by over three times the PME length. Chelic- PLE, 10:9:8; PME separated by half their erae 0.51 long. Leg spination: tibiae: I v2-2- length from ALE, PLE separated by more 2, rO-I-i; II vIp-Ip-2, rO-i-l; III vIp-2-2, than three times the PME length. Chelicerae rl-i-i; IV rl-i-i; metatarsi: I, II pO-i-i, vlp- 0.49 long. Leg spination: tibiae: I pO-0-0, vO- lp-2, rO-1-1; III pl-i-i, vlp-lp-2, rl-i-i; IV 0-0, rO-0-0; II pO-1-0, vO-0-0, rO-0-0; III vO- vlp-2-2. Anterior expansion of anterior re- 0-1p; metatarsi III rO-1-0. Anterior expan- ceptaculum narrow, rectangular, with pro- sion ofanterior receptaculum wide, with pro- duced lobes at each corner (fig. 19). duced lobes at sides (fig. 18). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None. OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: One male DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Antofa- taken with the types, and one female taken gasta, Chile. at an elevation of 3640 m at a nearby site 24 km S Zapahuira, 18°25'S, 69°31'W, on the Unicorn socos, new species following day, by the same collectors Figure 20 (AMNH). TYPE: Female holotype taken at an eleva- DISTRIBuTION: Known only from Tarapa- tion of 360 km at a site 24 km S of Socos at ca, Chile. km 347 of Route 5, 30°53'S, 71°37'W, Li- mari, Region de Coquimbo (IV), Chile (Nov. Unicorn toconao, new species 9, 1993; N. I. Platnick, K. M. Catley, M. J. Figures 19, 23-25 Ramirez, R. T. Allen), deposited in AMNH. TYPES: Male holotype and female allotype ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun from an elevation of 3780 m at a site 35 km in apposition taken from the type locality. SE Toconao, 23°20'S, 67°47'W, El Loa, Re- DIAGNOSIS: This species resembles U. cha- gion de Antofagasta (II), Chile (Feb. 1, 1994; cabuco in having a y-shaped tip of the an- N. I. Platnick, K. M. Catley, R. Calderon G., terior receptaculum in females, but has a pro- R. T. Allen), deposited in AMNH. portionately larger basal portion of that tip ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun (fig. 20). in apposition taken from the type locality. MALE: Unknown. DIAGNOSIS: This species seems closest to FEMALE: Total length 2.43. Carapace 1.05 U. catleyi but can be distinguished by the long, 0.92 wide. Femur I 1.20 long. Colora- much larger male clypeal horn (as in fig. 2), tion typical for genus except abdominal ven- the protrusion on the distal surface ofthe base ter unmarked and distal tips of femora dark- ofthe male embolus (fig. 24), and the narrow, ened. Eye length ratio, ALE:PME:PLE, 7:10: rectangular tip of the anterior receptaculum 10; PME separated by over half their length of females (fig. 19). from ALE, PLE separated by more than three MALE: Total length, not including clypeal times the PME length. Chelicerae 0.49 long. horn, 2.26. Carapace 1.09 long, 0.94 wide. Leg spination: tibiae: I, II pO-0-0, vO-0-0, rO- Femur I 1.20 long. Coloration typical for ge- 0-0; III pO-1-0, vO-O- 1 p, rO-0-0; IV pO-1-0, nus. Clypeal horn relatively large (as in fig. vO-O-Ip, rO-I-0; metatarsi: I, II vO-Ip-0; III 2). Eye length ratio, ALE:PME:PLE, 4:5:5; vI p- 1p-2, rO- 1 -0. Anterior expansion of an- PME separated by halftheir length from ALE, terior receptaculum y-shaped, basal portion PLE separated by over three times the PME of that expansion relatively large (fig. 20). length. Chelicerae 0.53 long. Leg spination OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None. typical for genus. Base of embolus bearing DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Coquim- distinct protrusion on distal surface at point bo, Chile. where main body of embolus turns toward prolateral side of bulb; translucent sclerite Unicorn chacabuco, new species relatively wide (figs. 23-25). Figure 21 FEMALE: Total length 2.62. Carapace 1.23 TYPE: Female holotype taken at an eleva- long, 1.02 wide. Femur I 1.20 long. Colora- tion of 1100 m on the Cuesta Chacabuco, 1995 PLATNICK AND BRESCOVIT- UNICORN I1I

32057'S, 70048'W, Chacabuco, Region Me- be identified with certainty. No etymology for tropolitana de Santiago, Chile (Sept. 18, 1966; the specific name was provided by Mello- E. I. Schlinger), deposited in CAS. Leitao, and it is assumed to be a noun in ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun apposition that requires no change of gender in apposition taken from the type locality. with the generic transfer. DiAGNOsIs: This species resembles U. socos DiAGNOSIS: Males can easily be recognized in having a y-shaped tip of the anterior re- by the globose (figs. 26-28). ceptaculum in females, but has a proportion- MALE: Total length, not including clypeal ately smaller basal portion ofthat tip (fig. 21). horn, 2.71. Carapace 1.34 long, 1.13 wide. MALE: Unknown. Femur I 1.62 long. Carapace and abdominal FEMALE: Total length 2.26. Carapace 0.98 venter without dark markings. Clypeal horn long, 0.86 wide. Femur I 0.94 long. Colora- relatively large (as in fig. 2). Eye length ratio, tion typical for genus except pars thoracica ALE:PME:PLE, 10:13:11; PME separated by with radiating dark markings, abdominal almost halftheir length from ALE, PLE sep- venter with dark markings around spinnerets arated by almost three times the PME length. only, femora and patellae with distal dark Chelicerae 0.60 long. Leg spination uncertain rings, tibiae with subbasal and distal dark (most segments missing, remaining ones bald, rings. Eye length ratio, ALE:PME:PLE, 3:4: faded): tibiae I apparently p1-0-0, vO-0-0, rl - 4; PME separated by over half their length 0-0; II missing; III, IV apparently p1-0-1, vO- from ALE, PLE separated by four times the 0-0, rl-0-1; metatarsi: I-III missing; IV ap- PME length. Chelicerae 0.41 long. Leg spi- parently p-I-l-1, vO-0-0, rl-1-1. Palpal bulb nation: tibiae: I, II pO-0-0, vO-0-0, rO-0-0; enlarged, globose, subequal in size with pal- III, IV vO-0-2; metatarsi III pO-0-0, vlp-0- pal tibia (figs. 26 -28). 0, rO-0-0. Anterior expansion of anterior re- FEMALE: Unknown. ceptaculum y-shaped, basal portion of that MATERIAL EXAMINED: ARGENTINA: expansion relatively small (fig. 21). Mendoza: Quebrada del Toro (M. Biraben, OTHER MATERLAL EXAMINED: None. MLP), 1 penultimate d (holotype). San Juan: DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type 82 km NW San Agustin, Dept. Valle Fertil, locality, north of Santiago, Chile. April-May 1958, elev. 1300 m, semidesert Unicorn argentina site with frequent dews (B. Patterson, MCZ), (Mello-Leitaio), 16. new combination DISTRIBUTION: Known only from semides- Figures 26-28 ert sites in western Argentina. Orchestina argentina Mello-Leitao, 1940: 257 Unicorn huanaco, new species (putative female [actually penultimate male] Figures 2, 29-31 holotype from Quebrada del Toro, Mendoza, TYPE: Male holotype from Huanaco, Aro- Argentina, in MLP, examined). ma, La Paz, Bolivia (June 15, 1983; Colina), NOTE: Mello-Leitao (1940) described this deposited in CBF. species on the basis of a single putative fe- ETYMoLoGY: The specific name is a noun male, but the holotype is actually a penulti- in apposition taken from the type locality. mate male. It lacks the expanded femora IV DiAGNOSIS: Males can be recognized by the synapomorphic for Orchestina and is cer- relatively narrow embolar base and the tainly misplaced in that genus. Brignoli (1979) sharply bent basal portion ofthe embolar tip pointed out that the species might belong to (figs. 29-31). Xiombarg. The specimen is badly faded, but MALE: Total length, not including cheli- a few leg spines are visible, and it thus ap- ceral horn, 2.37. Carapace 1.09 long, 0.96 pears to belong to Unicorn (rather than Xiom- wide. Femur I 1.25 long. Coloration typical barg), as its type locality would suggest. Be- for genus except lateral pair ofdark markings cause only a single species of Unicorn is cur- on pars cephalica weak, interrupted, abdom- rently known from western Argentina, it inal venter with single anterior transverse and seems best to use Mello-Leitao's name for two paramedian longitudinal dark bands. that species, even though the holotype cannot Clypeal horn relatively large (fig. 2). Eye length 12 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3152 ratio, ALE:PME:PLE, 7:10:9; PME separat- and the median plate is short and laterally ed by half their length from ALE, PLE sep- elongated (fig. 22). arated by over three times the PME length. Chelicerae 0.50 long. Leg spination: tibiae: I, Xiombarg plaumanni Brignoli II vO-O- 1p; III, IV vO- lp- 1p; metatarsi: I pO- Figures 12-14, 22 1-0, vO-lp-lp, rO-1-0; II pO-1-0, rO-1-0; III Xiombargplaumanni Brignoli, 1979: 916, figs. 1- pO-1-0, vIp-Ip-Ip, rO-l-0; IV vO-lp-2. Base 3 (male holotype from Nova Teutonia, Santa ofembolus narrow, sides almost parallel, bas- Catarina, Brazil, in MHNG, examined). al portion of embolar tip sharply bent (figs. DiAGNOSIS: With the characters of the ge- 29-31). nus. FEMALE: Unknown. MALE: Described by Brignoli (1979). OTHER MATERIAL ExAMINED: None. FEMALE: Total length 2.33. Carapace 0.96 DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Bolivia. long, 0.86 wide. Femur I 0.94 long. Colora- Xiombarg Brignoli tion as in Unicorn except distal tips offemora with dorsal dark markings. Eye length ratio, Xiombarg Brignoli, 1979: 914 (type species by ALE:PME:PLE, 8:11:10; PME separated by original designation X. plaumanni Brignoli). half their length from ALE, PLE separated DiAGNOSIS: Specimens resemble those of by over three times the PME length. Chelic- Unicorn but lack leg spines (in both sexes) as erae 0.47 long. Leg spines absent. Palpal tar- well as the clypeal horn and expanded palpal sus without claw. Anterior receptaculum oval, tibia found in male Unicorn. The chelicerae on narrow stalk (fig. 22). have a lamina ending in a tooth-shaped point MATERIAL EXAMINED: ARGENTINA: Mi- (figs. 13, 14). There is a subbasal trichoboth- siones: Arroyo Guerrero, N San Javier, Apr. rium on the tibiae and a subdistal one on the 11-21, 1989 (Garabi, MCP 1280), 16. BRA- metatarsi; their bases bear two elevated ridg- ZIL: Rio Grande do Sul: Cachoeira do Sul, es (fig. 12). The male palp ofthe only known Capanezinho, Oct. 17, 1992 (R. G. Buss, MCP species is distinctive, with a highly coiled em- 3316), 1M. Santa Catarina: Nova Teutonia, bolar tip and separate, sclerotized apophysis July 1958, elev. 200-500 m (F. Plaumann, (Brignoli, 1979: figs. 1, 2). In the female gen- MNHG), 18 (holotype). italia, the tip of the anterior receptaculum is DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil and ad- rounded (rather than angular as in Unicorn) jacent Argentina. REFERENCES Brignoli, P. M. notes on the superfamily Dysderoidea. 1979. Ragni del Brasile V. Due nuovi generi Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 181: 1-229. e quattro nuove specie dello stato di Hickman, V. V. Santa Catarina (Araneae). Rev. Suisse 1979. Some Tasmanian spiders ofthe families Zool. 86: 913-924. Oonopidae, and Mysmeni- Dalmas, R. de dae. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 113: 1916. Revision du genre Orchestina E.S. (Ar- 53-79. achn. Oonopidae) suivie de la descrip- Lehtinen, P. T. tion de nouvelles especes du genre Oon- 1981. Spiders of the Oriental-Australian re- ops et d'une etude sur les du gion. III. Tetrablemmidae, with a world genre Scotolathys. Ann. Soc. Entomol. revision. Acta Zool. Fennica 162: 1-151. France 85: 203-258. Mello-Leitao, C. F. de 1940. Tres generos extranios de arafias argen- Forster, R. R. tinas. Notas Mus. La Plata 5 (Zool. 43): 1995. The Australasian spider family Perie- 251-258. gopidae Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Sica- Platnick, N. I., J. A. Coddington, R. R. Forster, rioidea). Rec. Western Australian Mus., and C. E. Griswold Suppl. 52: 91-105. 1991. morphology and the phylog- Forster, R. R., and N. I. Platnick eny of haplogyne sprders (Araneae, Ar- 1985. A review of the austral spider family aneomorphae). Am. Mus. Novitates Orsolobidae (Arachnida, Araneae), with 3016: 73 pp.