Topical Index

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Topical Index 234 Encountering Christ Index Page numbers in color indicate illustrations. References to specific citations from Scripture and the Catechism will be found in the separate INDEX OF CITATIONS. A B Christ. See Jesus Christ Christian faith, 7–9 Christian life, as striving for abortion, 67 Baptism, 40, 80, 112–113, 187, holiness, 46 196, 228 Abram/Abraham, 9–11, 16 Christological heresies, Adam and Eve, 99, 100, beatitude, 195, 228 137–141, 228 115–118, 149, 190, 195, 228 Beatitudes, 196–198, 197, 211, Christology, 54, 98, 190–191 228 Against Heresies (St. Church Irenaeus), 145 begotten, defined, 115, 228 as body of Christ, 44, 45, Alpha and Omega, Jesus as, believing and acting on that 89, 228 98, 108 belief, 9–12, 14. See also faith Catholic Church, 89 Anathemas of Second Council Benedict XVI (pope), 35, 92, continued presence of of Constantinople (553), 136 175 Word of God through, 101 Annunciation, 150, 228 Bible, defined, 7, 228. See also defined, 228 Apollo 13, 188 Scripture development of doctrine bishops, 55, 56, 228 Apollonaris and and establishment of, 142 Apollonarianism, 137 body, human, goodness of, discipleship through 69, 169 Apostles, 55, 228 community of, 79, 80–86 body of Christ, Church as, 44, apostolic succession, 55, 228 faith and concept of, 39, 45, 89, 228 Arius and Arianism, 102, 44, 45 brothers and sisters of Jesus, 138–140, 228 fullness of revelation in, in Scriptures, 154–155 Armstrong, Neil, 23 87–89 Assumption of Mary, 153, 228 guidance provided by, St. Augustine of Hippo C 83–86 Confessions, 42, 49 Lumen Gentium on, 93 life of, 42 Virgin Mary as Mother of Caritas in Veritate (papal and model of, 156 Of the Morals of the encyclical, 2009), 35 Catholic Church, 212–213 women, view of, 69–71, 157 Catholic Church, 89 authority and knowledge of Church Fathers, 132, 229 Catholic veneration of Mary, God/truth, 23, 30 155 Claver, St. Peter, 199 Chalcedon, Council of (451), Communion. See Eucharist 190 Communion of Saints, 215, charity. See love 216–217, 217, 229 Chesterton, G. K., 31 Communism, 43, 231 © Sophia Institute for Teachers Index 235 community, importance Deus Caritas Est (papal faith leading to, 39 of, 80–83, 81. See also encyclical, 2005), 175 focus and reflection discipleship development of doctrine, questions, 91 compassion of Jesus, 170 129–147 friends of Jesus, disciples Confessions (St. Augustine), additional readings, 145–147 as, 7–8, 166 42, 49 defined, 58, 229 fullness of revelation, Confirmation, 80 definitions of doctrine and experiencing, 87–89 Constantinople, Second dogma, 130, 229 grace and, 80 Council of (553), 126, 146 establishment of Church guidance and, 83–86 consubstantial with the and, 142 imitation of Christ Father, Jesus Christ as, focus and reflection through, 82, 86 113–114, 139–140, 229 questions, 144 life of St. Therese of conversion, 195, 229 heresies, combating, Lisieux and, 84, 84 councils, ecumenical. See 130–141 (See also heresies) saints, example of, 81, 92 ecumenical councils idols and idolatry, problem Sunday observance, rule covenant, 39, 87, 229 of, 130–132, 131, 231 of, 85–86 creation life of St. Gregory of Nyssa truth about, 46, 90 and, 136 God’s love for us and, 186 divine providence, 187 orthodoxy, concept of, 133, humans as stewards of, 73, divine revelation, 51, 53–63 185 232 additional readings, 62–63 Jesus’s affirmation of truth about, 143 Church, experiencing goodness of, 185 Devil fullness of revelation new creation, 181, 232 defenses against, 173 through, 87–89 Crucifixion, 170, 195 Fall of Adam and Eve and, defined, 54, 229 115–118 faith as acceptance of D temptation of Jesus by, 169 God’s self-revelation, 38 dignity of the human person, focus and reflection 66–67, 69, 74, 229 questions, 61 death discipleship, 79–93 knowledge of God and of Jesus on cross, 170, 195 additional readings, 92–93 truth through, 29–30 as one of Four Last Things, Church, through life of St. Ignatius of Loyola 217–219 community of, 79, 80–86 and, 57 resurrection of the dead, community and, 79, 80–83, Scripture and, 54, 55–59 153, 219, 233 81 Tradition and, 55–59 Dei Verbum (Dogmatic defined, 80, 229 truth about, 60 Constitution on Divine definition of disciple, 39, words and actions, Jesus Revelation, 1968), 16, 62 229 Christ’s self-revelation Deposit of Faith, 53, 56, 59 evangelization, call to, 85, through, 99–100 desire for knowledge of God 86, 208 divine revelation through and truth, 26–27 faith and religion, Jesus, 95, 176–227. See also relationship to, 39, 86–87 Four Last Things; self- © Sophia Institute for Teachers 236 Encountering Christ understanding through ethics, 26, 229 also knowledge of God and divine revelation of Jesus Eucharist truth) about God, 101–104, 120–121 food in ministry of Jesus life of Abraham and, 9–11 about Trinity, 120–121 and, 167–169 life of St. Augustine and, 42 Jesus as God’s perfect Holy Communion, as title obedience of, 17 revelation of Himself, 180 for, 88, 231 personal relationship with Docetism, 137 Incarnation and, 169 God, as acceptance of doctrinal/dogmatic as sacrament, 80 invitation to, 3 development. See Sunday observance, rule religion and religious development of doctrine of, 85–86 belief, concept of, 5, 41–44, 86–87 Dominum et Vivificantem Evangelium Vitae (papal (papal encyclical, 1986), 127 encyclical, 1995), 77 responding to, 9–12, 38–39 dulia, 155, 229 evangelization, 85, 86, 208, self-revelation of God, as 230 acceptance of, 38 E evil. See suffering and evil suffering/evil and, 13 existence of God, knowledge as surrender to truth that about truth of, 22, 26–31 God is love, 40, 41 economy of salvation, 59, 99, as theological/ 229 supernatural virtue, 12 ecumenical councils. See also F trust and, 6–7 Second Vatican Council truth about, 14, 46 Chalcedon (451), 190 faith, 3–49. See also self- the Fall, 67, 115–118 Constantinople I (381), understanding through faith families 126–127 additional readings, 16–17, Holy Family, 165, 231 Constantinople II (553), 48–49 Trinity, as family, 114 126, 146 Christian faith, 7–9 Father, God as. See God the defined, 132, 229 communal nature of, 45 Father Nicaea (325), 102, 138–139 defined, 7, 230 femaleness and maleness, purpose of, 58, 132 Deposit of Faith, 56, 58 69–71 St. Edith Stein (Sister Teresa discipleship and, 39, 86–87 fiat of Virgin Mary, 150, 230 Benedicta a Cruce), 25, 25 Enlightenment thinking Fides et Ratio (papal Emerson, Ralph Waldo, Self- and, 43–44 encyclical, 1998), 17, 34, 63 Reliance, 90 focus and reflection First Cause, existence of God Emmanuel, Jesus Christ as, questions, 15, 47 reasoned from, 27, 27–28 99, 229 as gift from God, 7 food and ministry of Jesus, emotional intelligence/ happiness and, 44 167–169 intuition, 25 Jesus as way to the Father Four Last Things, 177, 214–227 end times. See Four Last through, 39–41, 45 additional readings, 226– Things knowledge of God and 227 Enlightenment, 43–44, 229 truth through, 29–30 (See death, 217–219 environmental defined, 217, 230 responsibility, 73, 185 © Sophia Institute for Teachers Index 237 focus and reflection Gaudium et Spes (Pastoral blessedness sometimes questions, 225 Constitution on the Church translated as, 196 general/last judgment, 219, in the Modern World, 1965), faith and, 44 190 230 God’s desire for human Heaven, 216, 222, 222–223, gender, 69–71 happiness, 204 230 general resurrection, 153 Heaven, 216, 222, 222–223, Hell, 217, 223, 230 general/last judgment, 219, 230 judgment, 219–220 230 Hell, 217, 223, 230 life of St. Teresa of Avila Gifts of the Holy Spirit, 121, heresies 121–122, 230 and, 221 additional readings, 145–147 Gnosticism, 134–135, 145, 147, particular judgment, 219, Apollonaris and 230 232 Apollonarianism, 137 God the Father Purgatory, 216, 217, 220, 232 Arius and Arianism, 102, truth about, 224 Jesus Christ as son of, 104, 138–140, 228 112 works, our judgment Christological heresies, according to, 201–204 Lord’s Prayer/Our Father, 137–141, 228 113, 167, 207–208 Francis (pope), 16, 48, 92, 142, defined, 131, 231 salvation as becoming sons 147, 211 Docetism, 137 and daughters of, 165 St. Francis of Assisi, 168 focus and reflection Trinitarian theology of, Frassati, Blessed Pier questions, 144 111–113 Giorgio, 183 Gnosticism, 134–135, 145, Good Samaritan, parable of, free will/freedom, 181–182, 147, 230 198 230 life of St. Gregory of Nyssa goodness of God and friends and, 136 presence of suffering and disciples as friends of Monarchianism/Modalism, evil in world, 122–123 Jesus, 7–8, 166 135, 232 Gospels of Jesus, 166 Monophysitism, 138 as answer to who Jesus is, laying down one’s life for, Monothelitism, 138 99 8, 73, 163, 166 Nestorius and defined, 56, 230 trust and, 6 Nestorianism, 140–141, 146 grace, 80, 150, 186, 194–195, fruits of the Holy Spirit, 122, orthodoxy, concept of, 133, 230 230 232 St. Gregory of Nyssa, 136 fulfillment, time of. See Four Pellagianism, 147 Last Things responding to, 132–133 H Subordinationism, 135, 233 G Trinitarian heresies, 133–135 happiness truth about, 143 St. Augustine’s Of the Gaudate et Exsultate Morals of the Catholic history (apostolic exhortation, 2018), Church on, 212–213 development of doctrine 147, 211 as beatitude, 195, 228 over, 58 © Sophia Institute for Teachers 238 Encountering Christ Incarnation as God’s entry image of God, humanity St. James (apostle), 170 into, 179 made in, 65, 67–68, 69, 104, St. James (brother of the Salvation History, 9, 38, 45, 180, 181–182, 186 Lord), 154–155, 165 55, 95, 100, 151, 187, 229, 233 imitation of Christ, 82, 86 Jesuits/Society of Jesus, 57 holiness Immaculate Conception of Jesus Christ, 97–109.
Recommended publications
  • St. John Paul II's Redemptoris Mater
    St. John Paul II’s Redemptoris Mater – Mary’s Maternal Mediation June 19, 2014 I was asked to open our annual novena talks this mystery of Her Son’s incarnation and redemptive year with Pope St. John Paul II’s encyclical mission. Mary’s singular mediation is intimately Redemptoris Mater, which he wrote to announce linked with her role as Mother of God and Mother the Marian Year of 1987-88. In this encyclical, John of the Church. Paul II recalls and develops the Mariological “All the saving influence of the Blessed teachings of the Second Vatican Council, especially Virgin on mankind originate ... from the divine pleasure. They flow forth from the Chapter 8 of Lumen Gentium, the Dogmatic superabundance of the merits of Christ, Constitution on the Church. The encyclical falls into rest on his mediation, depend entirely on it, and draw all their power from it. In no three Parts: Mary in the Mystery of Christ, the way do they impede the immediate union Mother of God at the Center of the Pilgrim Church of the faithful with Christ. Rather, they foster this union.” (LG 60, emphases are and finally, Maternal Mediation. This talk will focus John Paul II’s own) on the third part of this encyclical. “Behold, I am the handmaid of the Lord.” By her The Pope opens this section with the quote from acceptance of Motherhood she submits and 1Timothy, which most Protestants cite as their cooperates with the one mediation of Her Son. Her objection to praying to Mary or calling her consent is total self-gift, which constitutes her as “Mediatrix”: virginal bride and mother.
    [Show full text]
  • 2-22- the Four Last Things
    St. Mark Seeker’s Study Guide February 22, 2017: The Four Last Things – Death, Judgment, Heaven and Hell The Four Last Things, death, judgment, heaven and hell, are realities of human life. Although our end in this world is not the most attractive topic of conversation, Christians should understand that death is a passage to new life. The Communion of the Saints is the unity of baptized Christians with all who have gone before us in the oneness of God. As Christians, we don’t just prepare for death, but we live that new life today in the sanctifying grace of our God. As we consider the Four Last things, we should do so in the context of faith. Death The Christian Life and Death: The dying should be given attention and care to help them live their last moments in dignity and peace. Assisted suicide or euthanasia are not a morally responsible use of life. The dying should be accompanied and supported. No one ought to feel that they are a burden to others. Part of the challenge of the spiritual life is to both learn to love and to be loved. Why is it harder to be loved? Prayer for the Dying: The dying will be helped by the prayer of their relatives, who must see to it that the sick receive at the proper time the Sacraments that prepare them to meet the living God” (CCC, no. 2299). Death: The final article of the Creed proclaims our belief in everlasting life. At the Catholic Rite of Commendation of the Dying, sometimes prayed at the Anointing of the Sick, we sometimes hear this prayer: “Go forth, Christian soul, from this world...
    [Show full text]
  • The Immaculate Conception of Bearer Mary Agreed to the Blessed Virgin Mary
    Connecting Catechesis and Life WHAT THE CHURCH BELIEVES BY PRAYING THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION This prayer is packed with words OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY and phrases that give us clues to what the Church has come to believe about this by Eliot Kapitan woman and this Solemnity. All of us know good people who live Mary was kept seemingly blameless lives and do what God sinless from the first asks of them. We look up to them with moment of her respect, with admiration, and even with conception. She was love. favored with God’s grace. More than any Mary, the blessed, the virgin, is, in other human, she was fact, a blameless one. She bears many and is “full of grace,” full titles and honors of respect. She is the of God’s very life and first Saint. We call her the Holy Mother of presence, full of God’s God (and celebrate this on 01 January, holiness. Solemnity and Holyday of Obligation). She is the daughter of Joachim and Anne (26 This favor, this July, Memorial). She is the believer of freely-given grace was in God’s good news for her and she said yes preparation for Mary to to it (Annunciation of the Lord, 25 March, respond to God’s action. Solemnity). This enabled her to do God’s will and become HOW THE CHURCH PRAYS the mother of the world’s redeemer. Catholics gather for Mass on December 8 each year to celebrate the Since this God- Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception of bearer Mary agreed to the Blessed Virgin Mary.
    [Show full text]
  • Part 1--The Remembrance of Death
    Part 1--The Remembrance of Death Part 1--The Remembrance of Death A TREATISE (UNFINISHED) UPON THESE WORDS OF HOLY SCRIPTURE Memorare novissima, & in aeternum non peccabis “Remember the last things, & thou shalt never sin.”—Ecclus. 7 . Made about the year of our Lord 1522, by Sir Thomas More then knight, and one of the Privy Council of King Henry VIII, and also Under-Treasurer of England. If there were any question among men whether the words of holy Scripture or the doctrine of any secular author were of greater force and effect to the weal and profit of man’s soul (though we should let pass so many short and weighty words spoken by the mouth of our Saviour Christ Himself, to Whose heavenly wisdom the wit of none earthly creature can be comparable) yet this only text written by the wise man in the seventh chapter of Ecclesiasticus is such that it containeth more fruitful advice and counsel to the forming and framing of man’s manners in virtue and avoiding of sin, than many whole and great volumes of the best of old philosophers or any other that ever wrote in secular literature. Long would it be to take the best of their words and compare it with these words of holy Writ. Let us consider the fruit and profit of this in itself: which thing, well advised and pondered, shall well declare that of none whole volume of secular literature shall arise so very fruitful doctrine. For what would a man give for a sure medicine that were of such strength that it should all his life keep him from sickness, namely 1 if he might by the avoiding of sickness be sure to continue his life one hundred years? So is it now that these words giveth us all a sure medicine (if we forsloth 2 not the receiving) by which we shall keep from sickness, not the body, which none health may long keep from death (for die we must in few years, live we never so long), but the soul, which here preserved from the sickness of sin, shall after this eternally live in joy and be preserved from the deadly life of everlasting pain.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Mary in the Work of Redemption: Seven Key Moments
    The Role of Mary in the Work of Redemption: Seven Key Moments R O B E R T F ASTIGGI , P H .D. Professor of Systematic Theology , Sacred Heart Major Seminary Introduction The role of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the economy of salvation is rooted in the mystery of the Incarnation. God chose to unite creation to himself by becom- ing incarnate ex Maria virgine.1 The eternal plan for the created cosmos, therefore, includes the Blessed Mother. The role of Mary in the economy of salvation is, therefore, not something marginal but central. In fact, the Blessed Virgin Mary is part of God’s plan from all eternity. The theology of Marian co-redemption un- folds in seven key moments: 1) Mary’s predestination as the Co-redemptrix; 2) Mary’s Immaculate Conception; 3) Mary’s free consent to be the Mother of the Word Incarnate at the Annunciation; 4) Mary’s union with her Son “in the work of salvation” from “the time of Christ’s virginal conception up to His death”;2 5) Mary’s union with Christ’s passion and her offering of her crucified Son to the Fa- ther; 6) Mary’s glorious assumption body and soul into heaven; 7) Mary’s ongoing maternal mediation of the grace with and under Christ, the one Mediator. Each of these moments deserves individual attention, but all of them combine to illuminate Mary’s essential role in the work of redemption. 1. Mary’s predestination as Mother of the Redeemer and Co- redemptrix Mary was predestined to be the Mother of the Incarnate Word.
    [Show full text]
  • Solidarity As Spiritual Exercise: a Contribution to the Development of Solidarity in the Catholic Social Tradition
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by eScholarship@BC Solidarity as spiritual exercise: a contribution to the development of solidarity in the Catholic social tradition Author: Mark W. Potter Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/738 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2009 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of Theology SOLIDARITY AS SPIRITUAL EXERCISE: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOLIDARITY IN THE CATHOLIC SOCIAL TRADITION a dissertation by MARK WILLIAM POTTER submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 © copyright by MARK WILLIAM POTTER 2009 Solidarity as Spiritual Exercise: A Contribution to the Development of Solidarity in the Catholic Social Tradition By Mark William Potter Director: David Hollenbach, S.J. ABSTRACT The encyclicals and speeches of Pope John Paul II placed solidarity at the very center of the Catholic social tradition and contemporary Christian ethics. This disserta- tion analyzes the historical development of solidarity in the Church’s encyclical tradition, and then offers an examination and comparison of the unique contributions of John Paul II and the Jesuit theologian Jon Sobrino to contemporary understandings of solidarity. Ultimately, I argue that understanding solidarity as spiritual exercise integrates the wis- dom of John Paul II’s conception of solidarity as the virtue for an interdependent world with Sobrino’s insights on the ethical implications of Christian spirituality, orthopraxis, and a commitment to communal liberation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Holy See
    The Holy See LETTER OF JOHN PAUL II TO THE MONTFORT RELIGIOUS FAMILY To the Men and Women Religious of the Montfort Families A classical text of Marian spirituality 1. A work destined to become a classic of Marian spirituality was published 160 years ago. St Louis Marie Grignion de Montfort wrote the Treatise on True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin at the beginning of the 1700s, but the manuscript remained practically unknown for more than a century. When, almost by chance, it was at last discovered in 1842 and published in 1843, the work was an instant success, proving extraordinarily effective in spreading the "true devotion" to the Most Holy Virgin. I myself, in the years of my youth, found reading this book a great help. "There I found the answers to my questions", for at one point I had feared that if my devotion to Mary "became too great, it might end up compromising the supremacy of the worship owed to Christ" (Dono e Mistero, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1996; English edition: Gift and Mystery, Paulines Publications Africa, p. 42). Under the wise guidance of St Louis Marie, I realized that if one lives the mystery of Mary in Christ this risk does not exist. In fact, this Saint's Mariological thought "is rooted in the mystery of the Trinity and in the truth of the Incarnation of the Word of God" (ibid.). Since she came into being, and especially in her most difficult moments, the Church has contemplated with special intensity an event of the Passion of Jesus Christ that St John mentions: "Standing by the Cross of Jesus were his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary, the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
    [Show full text]
  • The Holy See
    The Holy See IOANNES PAULUS PP. II EVANGELIUM VITAE To the Bishops Priests and Deacons Men and Women religious lay Faithful and all People of Good Will on the Value and Inviolability of Human Life INTRODUCTION 1. The Gospel of life is at the heart of Jesus' message. Lovingly received day after day by the Church, it is to be preached with dauntless fidelity as "good news" to the people of every age and culture. At the dawn of salvation, it is the Birth of a Child which is proclaimed as joyful news: "I bring you good news of a great joy which will come to all the people; for to you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, who is Christ the Lord" (Lk 2:10-11). The source of this "great joy" is the Birth of the Saviour; but Christmas also reveals the full meaning of every human birth, and the joy which accompanies the Birth of the Messiah is thus seen to be the foundation and fulfilment of joy at every child born into the world (cf. Jn 16:21). When he presents the heart of his redemptive mission, Jesus says: "I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly" (Jn 10:10). In truth, he is referring to that "new" and "eternal" life 2 which consists in communion with the Father, to which every person is freely called in the Son by the power of the Sanctifying Spirit. It is precisely in this "life" that all the aspects and stages of human life achieve their full significance.
    [Show full text]
  • “The Imitation of Christ” 1 John 3:1-7
    Aaron Coyle-Carr 11:00 service Wilshire Baptist Church 15 April, 2018 Dallas, Texas “The Imitation of Christ” 1 John 3:1-7 A little book called The Imitation themselves, just as he is pure.” of Christ is perhaps the most And then later on in verse seven, popular piece of devotional “everyone who does what is material in all of Christian right is righteous, just as he is history, apart from the Bible, of righteous.” It’s pretty clear that course. First John believes that the beloved community, the church, Written in the early 1400s by a is made up of those who spend Dutch monk named Thomas, the their lives imitating Jesus. It is book begins like this: the sincerest form of flattery, after all. “‘He that followeth Me, walketh not in darkness,’ saith the Lord. And there’s some powerful truth These are the words of Christ, by to this idea of imitation. which we are taught how we Elsewhere in the New ought to imitate his life and Testament, Paul asks the church manners, if we would truly be at Corinth to be imitators of him, enlightened, and delivered from even as he imitates Christ. We all blindness of heart.” 1 should be imitators of Christ, but I worry that, in the modern For Thomas, disillusioned by the world especially, the idea of material excess and superstition imitation doesn’t go nearly far of the medieval church, the key enough. to all of Christian spirituality was pretty basic: being a faithful Almost fifteen years ago, a Christian simply meant imitating landmark project called “The the life of Jesus Christ.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 8 — Formulas of Catholic Doctrine
    Appendix 8 — Formulas of Catholic Doctrine Appendix 8 — Formulas of Catholic Doctrine The Two Great Commandments of Love Ten Commandments (CCC Part 3, Section 2) (CCC 2196) 1. I am the LORD your God: you shall 1. You shall love the Lord your God not have strange gods before me. with all your heart, with all your 2. You shall not take the name of the soul, and with all your mind. LORD your God in vain. 2. You shall love your neighbor as 3. Remember to keep holy the LORD’s yourself. Day. 4. Honor your father and your mother. The Golden Rule (Mt. 7:12) (CCC 1970) 5. You shall not kill. Do to others as you would have them do to 6. You shall not commit adultery. you. 7. You shall not steal. The Theological Virtues (CCC 1841) 8. You shall not bear false witness 1. Faith against your neighbor. 2. Hope 9. You shall not covet your neighbor’s 3. Charity wife. 10. You shall not covet your neighbor’s The Cardinal Virtues (CCC 1805) goods. 1. Prudence 2. Justice The Beatitudes (CCC 1716; Mt. 5:3-12) 3. Fortitude Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the 4. Temperance kingdom of heaven. Blessed are they who mourn, for they will The Gifts of the Holy Spirit (CCC 1831) be comforted. 1. Wisdom Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit 2. Understanding the earth. 3. Counsel Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for 4. Fortitude righteousness, for they will be 5. Knowledge satisfied.
    [Show full text]
  • Pleasures of Gluttony Los Placeres De La Codicia Os Prazeres Da Gula
    Pleasures of Gluttony Los placeres de la Codicia Os prazeres da Gula Burçin EROL 1 Abstract: In the late Middle Ages, especially in England, displaying an abundance of food and feasting became not only an act of pleasure but also a means of establishing status and wealth, despite gluttony being one of the seven deadly sins. In the fourteenth century – due to various reasons such as increased population, crop failure, the Black Death, and the disruption of food production by warfare – feasting, the displaying of food, and indulgence in gluttony was an indicator of wealth, riches, and high status for the upper class or the social climber as it is well indicated in the works of Chaucer and some of his contemporaries. Resumo: Especialmente na Idade Média Tardia, na Inglaterra, demonstrações de comida abundante e ceias se tornaram não somente um prazer, mas uma representação do estabelecimento de status e riqueza, apesar da gula ser proclamada um dos sete pecados capitais. No século XIV, devido a várias calamidades, como crescimento populacional, problemas na colheita , a peste negra e a quebra da produção de comida, o fornecimento e a ostentação de comida e indulgencia na gula foi um indicador de riqueza grande status para a classe alta ou para ascendentes sociais, como bem indicada nos trabalhos de Chaucer e alguns de seus contemporâneos. Keywords: Seven Deadly Sins – Gluttony – Pleasure – Middle English Literature. Palavras-chaves: Sete Pecados Capitais – Gula – Prazer – Literatura em Inglês Médio. 1 Prof. Dr., Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Letters, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] .
    [Show full text]
  • Mariology – Part 2
    PAUL M. WILLIAMS [09/12/16] IS ROMAN CATHOLICISM TRUE CHRISTIANITY? – PART 11 MARIOLOGY – PART 2 Recap We began in our last teaching part to explore what is termed in the realm of theology, Mariology – which is the study of Mary, the mother of Jesus. We outlined the biblical portrayal of Mary, a righteous women and a humble handmaid of the Lord. She it was who was found with child of the Holy Spirit, who gave birth to Messiah and nursed Him who was called King of the Jews. We looked at the early life of Jesus and how His mother played an integral role in His nativity and in His early childhood. However, we also saw that as Jesus was growing into manhood, a clear transitioning of authority was taking place between that of His submission to his earthly parents and His submission to His Father in heaven. This was brought out most forcefully in two accounts recorded in the gospel of Luke and John – the first being Jesus’ response to Mary when being only twelve in Jerusalem (Luke 2:48-49) and the other when just beginning His ministry at the wedding in Cana of Galilee (John 2:1-5). For Roman Catholics, Mary is not merely and only the biological mother of Jesus, the vehicle used by God to bring His Son into this world. Official Catholic Church dogma teaches that Mary remained a perpetual virgin; that Mary is free from original sin (Immaculate Conception) and at the end of her life on earth, she was taken up into heaven where she continues perpetually to be the mother of God and Queen of Heaven.
    [Show full text]