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The Eagle 1889 (Easter)

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The Eagle 1889 (Easter) o ;: ...:; The Subscription for the current year is fixed at 4/6; it includes Nos. 87, 88 and 89. Subscribers who pay One Guinea in advance wjJl be supplied with the Magazine for five years, dating from the Term in which the payment is made. CONTENTS. Subscribers are requested to pay their Subscriptions to Mr E. Johnson, Bookseller, Trinity Street. PAGE The Editors would be glad if Subscribers would inform them of any of Frontispiece their friends who are anxious to take in the Magazine. The Arms and Badgcs of St John's Collcge 2 4 5 Subscribers are requested to leave their addresses with Mr Johnson, and to give notice of any change; and also of any corrections in the A College Magazine of Last Century 437 printed list of Subscribers issued in December. Reminiscences of Professor Paley 442 The Secretaries of College Societies are requested to send in their Dr Kennedy at Shrewsbury 448 notices for the Chronicle before the end of the seventh week of each Term. " The Recluse" 461 Contributions for the next number should be sent in at an early date to one of the Editors (Dr Donald MacAlister, Mr G. C. M. Smith, G. J. Sir Christopher Wren and the Old Bridge 469 Turner, St J. B. Wynne-Willson, E. E. Sikes, E. H. Hankiu). Obituary 47..5 N.B.-Contributors of anonymous articles or letters will please send Killg James and tll� Whipping Bny 486 their names to one of the Editors who need not communicate them further. Lyrics 487 [Copies of the anHque medallion portrait of Lady Margaret may be obtained by Subscribers at the reduced price of 3d on application to 88 . On Earth Peace 4 Mr !.fm)' at th� College Buttery.] ' 494 Correspondence [Large-paper copies of tlte plate of the College Arms, forming tlle 497 Our Chronicle fronHspiece to this numbe,', may be ootai1ted by Subscribers at tlte reduced of rod on application to Mr lIferry at the C{)llege Buttery.] 525 price The Library [Mr Tarry's notes on The Founders and Benefactors of St John's College, to Vol xv Title and Contcnts Publishers, Trinity with notes and index, may be had of Messrs lI-fetcaife, Street, Cambridge, and will be sent post-free to anyone enclosing a Postal Order for haif-a-c1'Own, tlte publishing price, to the Rev A. F. Torry, Mm"wood Rectory, Barnstaple, Devon.] THE ARMS AND BADGES OF ST JOHN'S COLLEGE. �HE fo llowing article does not pretend to contain anything new or original : it merely proposes �• to present, in a popular fo rm, an account of the College Arms and Badges. It is thought that this will be of interest to those who have not paid attention to the subject ; whilst even to those who are familiar with the facts, it may be convenient to have them in a connected fo rm. The College Arms (see fr ontispiece) are those borne by its Foundr�ss, the Lady Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby, and may be briefly described as Qua1'te'l'ly I and 4 France modern, 2 and 3 England, wz"thzn a bordure g()bonny argent and azure. These Arms are the Royal Arms of the period, differenced by the bordure adopted by the Beaufo rt fa mily. This fa mily was descended fr om John of Gaunt, the fo urth son of Edward IH, by his third marriage with Katharine Swynford. His children by this lady had been born before marriage, but were legitimatised by Act of Parliament. From the failure of his heirs by his fo rmer marriages, first with Blanche Plantagenet, daughter and heiress of Henry Duke of Lancaster, grandson of Edward the second son of Henry IH, and secondly with Con stance, daughter of Peter the Cruel, King of Castile and Leon, after the murder of Edward Prince of Wales VOL. XV. KKK The Arms and Badges of St John's College. Tlze Arms and Badges oj Sf Jolm's College. 421 (son of Henry VI) at Tewkesbury, the claims of the [There was no rich man nor baron there, who House of Lancaster to the Crown devolved on the had not by his side his gonfanon or other Beaufort fa mily. By way of difference, they adopted ensign round which his men might rally, the bordure of argent and azure, the livery colours and cognisances or tokens, shields painted of the House of Lancaster. Those of the older in various guises.] Plantagenets were red and white j and of the House The gonfanon borne by the Baron who led the of York murrey and blue. The eldest son, John Normans in 945, under Duke Richard I, is described Beaufort, grandfather of Lady Margaret who was as vermetlle d' Espagne, that is gules. The sacred the only child of his only son, used the bordure with gonfanon sent to Duke William by the Pope, and the argent in the upper dexter compartment, while the borne by Turstain Fitz-Rou at Senlac, was Gules, a second son, Henry Beaufort, Cardinal of St Eustatius, cross al"gent. That of Harold Godwinson is described in Bishop of Lincoln and afterwards of Winchester, the chronicles as Gon/anon a or (Roman de Rou, 13959) j and Lord Chancellor, used it with the azure in the Memorabz'le quoque vexz'llum. Heraldz', homznzs armatt" upper dexter compartment, although other members of zmagznem zntextam habens ex auro purzsszmo (William the family used either indifferently. In different parts of Poictiers) j Vexzllum t·llud... quod erat zn homtnzs of the College examples of both may be seen, although pugnantzs figura auro et laptdzous arte sumptuosa con­ the former is no doubt the more correct. textum (William of Malmsbury). The second and third quarters are The Arms of King Edward the Confessor were / Gules, three hims passant guardant or. Azure, a cross pat nce betweenfive martlets or. Richard II These are usually called the Arms of England j it impaled these Arms with his own, and they were will be seen however that they �ere not originally granted to certain members of the Royal fa mily : it English in any way, but were brought with us fr om was indeed' one of the charges brought against Normandy at the Conquest, and imposed on the Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, that he had dared to use conquered country. Before the Conquest there would these Arms j but after this short revival, they were seem to have been no recognised Arms of the Kingdom. finally dropped. The Arms of the Duchy of Normandy All Arms and Badges were probably at first personal, were Gutes, twoNons passant guardant or (p. 428). There. and were adopted for the purpose of distinguishing their wearer in the c�nfusion of a battle. Thus we read that at the battle of Val des Dunes, when Duke William, with the aid of the King of France, quelled the rebellion of some of his vassals ' N' z' a 1'tche home nz Baron, Kz' n' ad lez H son g01t/anon, U g01t/a'l"ton u altre emetgne U sa 11Zesmc se restrezgne, C017g1toZSSances u entre-saz1zz De plusors gUlses esm2 paz"nz . (Robert Wace: Le Roman de Rou, 9082-7') The Arms and Badges of St Jolm's College, The Arms a?zd Badges of St John'S College. has been some dispute conc�rning these animals, as to So stalked he when he turned to flight, on that fa med Picard field, whether they were lions or leopards, but the former Bohemia's plume, and Genoa's bow, and Cresar's eagle shield. (lions or rather lioncels) would seem the more correct ; So glared he, when at Agincourt in wrath he turned to bay, and since the time of King Richard I they have invari­ And crushed and torn beneath his paws the princely hunters lay. ably been called lion&. The third lion was added by This passage however, though a good poetic descrip­ Henry II to represent Aquitaine after his marriage tion of the Standard, will hardly bear strict historical with Eleanor of Aquitaine, the two original lions being or heraldic criticism: fo r at Crecy, at Poictiers, and taken to represent Normandy and the Channel Islands. at Agincourt, the Black Prince and Henry V were From that time these Arms have been the hereditary fighting fo r the Crown of France, and bore the lilies Arms of the Sovereigns of England. quite as much as their antagonists. This may be The first and fo urth quarters of the shield are verified by looking at the surcoat and effigy of the France modern. France andent was Azure, seme-de-lz'z or. fo rmer in Canterbury Cathedral, and at the tomb of Edward III in 1340 assumed the title of King of the latter in Westminster Abbey. France, in right of his mother Isabel daughter of The origin of the Fleur-dt-lz's, and what it was Philip IV. This title was borne by the Kings of intended to represent, have alike been the subject of England fr om that time until it was abandoned by much controversy, into which it is unnecessary to enter George III at the Union with Ireland ; and by an here. Suffice it to say, that it has been called an iris Order in Council, dated November 5, 1800, the present (probably Ins pseudacorus, or perhaps .(rzs pumt'la), a Arms of the United Kingdom were adopted. Having trefoil, a spear-head, a bee, a toad, a scarab, and various assumed the title of King of France, Edwal'd III other names.
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