JOURNAL OF THE FORESTRY COMMISSION No. 32 : 1963 PRINTED FOR DEPARTMENTAL USE Forestry Commission ARCHIVE FORESTRY COMMISSION PUBLICATIONS ISSUED BETWEEN 1st JANUARY, 1963 AND 30th APRIL, 1964 General Reports Annual Report of the Commissioners, 1962 6s. 6d. (7s. Od.) Annual Report of the Commissioners, 1963 Is. Od. (7s. 6d.) Report on Forest Research, 1962 13j. Od. (13s. 9d.) Joint Report No. 18. Bark Form and Wood Figure in Home-grown Birch. (Joint Publication with Forest Products Research Laboratory.) 4s. Od. (4s. 4d.) Bulletins No. 35. Pruning Conifers for the Production of Quality Timber 6s. 6 d. (6s. lid .) No. 36. Mycorrhizal Associations and Calhuna Heath- land Afforestation 8 s. Od. (8s. 6d.) Leaflet No. 47. Birds and Woodlands Is. Od. (2s. 4d.) Forest Records No. 48. The Dropmore Pinetum 5s. 6d. (5s. lOd.) No. 49. The Development of Douglas Fir Plantations in Relation to Site Conditions 1j . Od. (Is. 3d.) No. 50. Wind-loosening of Young Trees on Upland Heaths Is. Od. (2s. 3d.) No. 51. The Use of Flags to Estimate the Relative Exposure of Trial Plantations 3s. Od. (3s. 4d.) Guides Short Guide to the Dean Forest and Wye Valley 9d. (Is. Od.) Forests of North-East Scotland 5s. Od. (5s. 6d.) North Yorkshire Forests 7s. 6 d. (8j. Od.) Booklet No. 9. Felling and Converting Thinnings by Hand Is. 6 d. (2s. lOd.) Unpriced Publications for Circulation within the Commission Forestry Commission Journal, No. 31, 1962 Research Branch Paper No. 26: Forest Drainage FORESTRY COMMISSION JOURNAL, No. 32, 1963 JOURNAL OF THE FORESTRY COMMISSION No. 32 : 1963 PRINTED FOR DEPARTMENTAL CIRCULATION WITHIN THE FORESTRY COMMISSION 25 SAVILE ROW LONDON, W .l EDITING COMMITTEE - G e o r g e B. R y l e , c .b .e ., Chairman J ames R . T h om D en n is H ea ley , o .b .e . H er ber t L . E d l in , Editor iii CONTENTS Page EDITORIAL ............................................................................................................................................. V National Forests and Parks by G. B. Ryle ..... 1 Britain’s Forests in 1970 ........ 4 F.A.O. Silvicultural Study Tour, 14th-23rd May, 1963—Report by P. F. Garthwaite ......... 8 Royal Scottish Forestry Society: 66th Annual Excursion—The Borders by I. MacKenzie ....... 9 Tree Planting on the Island of Lewis by I. A. D. Grant . 13 Royal Forestry Society of England, Wales and Northern Ireland Summer Meeting at Tunbridge Wells, Kent, May, 1963 by C. Parley 15 Forestry Possibilities in Wales. (Reprinted from The Welsh Outlook, February, 1918 by W. Craven Llewelyn) . 17 The Forests of Glamorgan by A. C. Hazzard ..... 20 Impressions of Forest Management in Upper Bavaria by P. F. Garthwaite .......... 30 A Forester’s First Impressions of Denmark by 3. M. B. Brown . 36 The Choice of Species by R. Lines ...... 45 Pinus contorta in Ireland by R. S. Lamb . 51 Lodgepole Pine in Ulster by K. F. Parkin ..... 53 The Use and Misuse of Sitka Spruce by M. V. Edwards . 54 Two Kinds of Copper Beech (Translated Extract from Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologischen Gesellschaft of a paper by G. Kriissman). Contributed by F. C. Fraass . 60 A Nursery Bonus Scheme by J. T. Fitzherbert and E. G. Hollowell 61 The Use of Hop Manure in Nurseries by C. F. Ballance . 65 The “Rose” Six-drill Seed Sower from Scottish Directorate . 67 Planting in Straight Lines by W. A. Bollard ..... 70 Replanting Felled Conifer Areas, Including Windblow by G. D. Keighley .......... 72 The Season of Planting by M. Nim m o ...... 77 Planting Methods for Peat Afforestation by S. A. Neustein . 87 Protection of Poplar from Deer in Wyre Forest by E. J. G ould . 88 A French Approach to the Improvement of Woodlands by Enrichment Translation by H. L. Edlin ....... 90 Air Pollution in Forestry by Dr. D. W. Phillips and R. Lines . 97 Recovery from Die-back in Larch by M. V. Edwards . 100 Methods of Counting Roe Deer by R. Prior .... 102 Mid-Galloway Area Fire Plan by M. R. W. Williams . 105 Safety and Survival Measures in Forest Fires by Forests Department, Western Australia ......... 121 Accidentally Done on Purpose by W. J. Davies . 123 Power Saw Safety Rules in America ...... 125 A Guide to Home-Grown Timbers by J. A aron . 128 The Forest Products Research Laboratory/Forestry Commission, Home-Grown Timber Research Committee: A Review of the First Five Years’ Work ........ 138 Built of Wood by G. Forrest ....... 141 A Home-Grown Timber House by F. W. Holder . 144 The Log Cabin of Hendre Ddu by H. J. Hooper .... 147 Reconstruction of Kielder Repair Depot by T. A. M urdock . 149 List of Ships Launched at Bucklers Hard 1745-1812— Anon. (C ontri­ buted by B. Gale) ......... 156 iv CONTENTS— contd. Page Why Train Delays? Translated by J. R. Aaron from the Austrian journal Volksblatt ....••••• 158 “Pardon Me But Your Slip is Showing” or “Leaves from an Auditor’s N otebook” by W. O. W itterin g ...................................................... 158 Fisherman’s Luck by R. J. Jennings ...... 160 The Innocent in Paris by D. Healey ...••• 163 Forestry Crossword Puzzle by J. R. Aaron .... 166 Poems: The Aftermath by Euros Jones ..... 167 Y Goedwig Wladol (The State Forest) by W. T. Rees . 168 To a Worn-out R.L.R. Plough Discarded at Lightmoor in the Forest of Dean by R. J. Jennings ............................................ 169 The Cambio Debarker, A Work Study Assesment by N. Dannatt 169 The Cambio Debarker, An Engineer’s Viewpoint by W. C. Anderson 175 Cage Trap for Hares by S. W. R. Stewart ..... 180 Winter 1963 at Dartmoor Forest by R. Bultitude .... 182 FORESTRY COMMISSION STAFF LIST ....... 190 Photographs ........ c e n t r a l in s e t Forestry Commission Publications Issued between 1st January, 1963 a n d 30th April, 1964 i n s i d e f r o n t c o v e r ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are grateful to the Forestry Division, Ministry of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, and to the Editor of Irish Forestry, for permission to re­ produce the articles “Pinus contorta in Ireland” by R. S. Lamb, and “ Lodgepole Pine in Ulster” by K. F. Parkin; to the Power Saw Manufacturers Association of the United States for the article on Power Saw Safety Rules; and to the Ministry of Agriculture’s journal Agriculture for the article “Built of Wood” by Geoffrey Forrest, and the article “A Home-grown Timber House” by F. W. Holder. The first three drawings in the Editorial pages are by Head Forester R. J. Jennings; the others come respectively from the magazine Norwegian Forestry, Miss Judy Rowe, and Mr. A. W. Coram. The succeeding drawings are all by the authors of their related articles, except for that showing “Two in a Tent,” which is drawn from The Forester, the magazine of the Northern Ireland Forestry Division. The first six photographs, showing Danish scenes, are by J. M. B. Brown; the spruce growing in brash was photographed by G. D. Keighley; and the two views of the log cabin are by H. J. Hooper. Valdemars Blankenburgs took the two photos of the Kielder Repair Depot, and Forester R. Bultitude the views of Dartmoor in the snow. The first two pictures of the Cambio Debarker were provided by Atelje Olsson of Karlskrona, Sweden, and the third by another Swedish firm, Soderhamns Verkstader, of Soderhamn. The picture of the starlings was taken by the Western Morning News of Exeter. EDITORIAL The Commissioners The constitution of the Commission is now as follows: The Earl Waldegrave, D.L., J.P., Chairman Major D. C. Bowser, O.B.E., J.P. Lt.-Col. Sir Richard Cotterell, Bt., J.P. Mr. E. Gwynfryn Davies, J.P. Capt. J. Maxwell Macdonald Mr. G. E. H. Palmer Mr. F. Sellers Major Sir William Strang Steel, Bt. Mr. T. Taylor Col. J. F. Williams-Wynne, D.S.O., J.P. Mr. H. A. Turner, Secretary The Earl of Radnor, K.G., K.C.V.O., who had been Chairman since 1952, retired on 31st July, 1963. The Earl Waldegrave, who had previously been Deputy Chairman, was then appointed to succeed him. Mr. Lloyd Owen, C.B.E., who had served as a Commissioner since 1945, and was the first Chairman of the Welsh National Committee, retired during the year, as did Mr. E. Bryan Latham, M.M., who had been a Commissioner for the past six years. On the 1st August, 1963, Mr. G. E. H. Palmer, Mr. F. Sellers and Colonel J. F. Williams-Wynne took up their appointments as Commissioners. Honours In the 1963 Birthday Honours List we were proud to note that Mr. J. A. B. Macdonald and Mr. Eric Lewis, two well-known personalities in the Forestry Commission, had been awarded the O.B.E. Mr. J. A. B. Macdonald, who is Conservator, South Scotland, joined the Commission in 1922 as a Foreman and has served in all grades up to his present rank. He has contributed work of outstanding value to the Commission, not only in the early development of afforestation and in research, but recently in undertaking the largest planting programme for any one Conservancy in Scotland. Mr. Eric Lewis, who was a Chief Executive Officer at Headquarters until he retired, had spent 44 years in the public service. During the war he served in the Royal Naval Reserve, reaching the rank of Commander. In the New Year Honours List for 1963, we were pleased to note that Mr. Frank Best, Conservator, North Wales, had also been awarded the O.B.E. Mr. Best joined the Commission in 1928 as a District Officer. Under his guidance his Conservancy has been developed, as far as Commission land is concerned, into the second largest in England and Wales.