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The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA MINISTRY OF CITY PLANNING AND WATER SUPPLY MINISTRY OF POLICY PLANNING AND ECONOMIC AFFAIRS NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE BOARD THE PROJECT FOR THE STRATEGIC MASTER PLAN UNDER THE SEWERAGE SECTOR IN THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA (PHASE 1) FINAL REPORT MAY 2017 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIHON SUIDO CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. GE JR 18-075 SECTION OF THE FINAL REPORT SECTION I STRATEGIC SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN SECTION II FIVE CITIES’ MASTER PLAN The Project for the Strategic Master Plan Under Sewerage Sector in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Phase 1) Final Report Section I Strategic Sewerage Master Plan FINAL REPORT THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA MINISTRY OF CITY PLANNING AND WATER SUPPLY MINISTRY OF POLICY PLANNING AND ECONOMIC AFFAIRS NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE BOARD THE PROJECT FOR THE STRATEGIC MASTER PLAN UNDER THE SEWERAGE SECTOR IN THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA (PHASE 1) SECTION I STRATEGIC SEWERAGE MASTER PLAN MAY 2017 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIHON SUIDO CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. The Project for the Strategic Master Plan Under Sewerage Sector in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Phase 1) Final Report Section I Strategic Sewerage Master Plan FINAL REPORT EXCHANGE RATE (As of May 2017) 1LKR = 0.74041 JPY 1USD = 150.340 LKR 1USD = 111.313 JPY The Project for the Strategic Master Plan Under Sewerage Sector in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Phase 1) Final Report Section I Strategic Sewerage Master Plan FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................. vi ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ............................................................................................ vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND..................................................................... 1-1 1.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND .................................................................................................. 1-1 CHAPTER 2 RATIONALE FOR MASTER PLAN ............................................................................ 2-1 2.1 CURRENT SITUATION ...................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 GOVERNMENT POLICY AND NATIONAL TARGET ................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 NECESSITY OF STRATEGIC SEWERAGE M/P ....................................................................................... 2-2 CHAPTER 3 PROJECT AREA ........................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION .......................................................................................................... 3-3 3.2.1 Population ............................................................................................................................................. 3-3 3.2.2 Income .................................................................................................................................................. 3-6 3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.1 Physical Characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................................ 3-10 3.3.3 Environmental Resources ................................................................................................................... 3-12 3.4 PRESENT SITUATION OF CITIES STUDIED ......................................................................................... 3-14 3.4.1 Western Province ................................................................................................................................ 3-14 3.4.2 North-western Province ...................................................................................................................... 3-18 3.4.3 Central Province .................................................................................................................................. 3-19 3.4.4 Uva Province ....................................................................................................................................... 3-21 3.4.5 Southern Province ............................................................................................................................... 3-23 3.4.6 Sabaragamuwa Province ..................................................................................................................... 3-24 3.4.7 North Central Province ....................................................................................................................... 3-25 3.4.8 Northern Province ............................................................................................................................... 3-26 3.4.9 Eastern Province ................................................................................................................................. 3-28 CHAPTER 4 MANAGEMENT OF SEWERAGE / SANITATION ...................................................... 4-1 4.1 GENERAL SITUATION ...................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 OFF-SITE SEWERAGE SYSTEMS........................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2.1 Ongoing Sewerage Projects .................................................................................................................. 4-2 4.2.2 Sewerage Projects included in the Public Investment Program ............................................................ 4-3 4.3 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM .................................................................... 4-4 4.3.1 Organization for O&M .......................................................................................................................... 4-4 4.3.2 Maintenance Equipment ..................................................................................................................... 4-13 4.4 ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY OF THE NWSDB SEWERAGE DIVISION ................................................. 4-15 4.4.1 Planning and Design ........................................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.2 Construction ........................................................................................................................................ 4-15 4.4.3 House Connections ............................................................................................................................. 4-15 4.4.4 Operation & Maintenance ................................................................................................................... 4-16 4.4.5 Capacity Development ........................................................................................................................ 4-16 4.5 FINANCIAL SITUATION OF SEWAGE SECTOR..................................................................................... 4-18 i The Project for the Strategic Master Plan Under Sewerage Sector in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Phase 1) Final Report Section I Strategic Sewerage Master Plan FINAL REPORT 4.5.1 Financial Situation of the Central Government ................................................................................... 4-18 4.5.2 Financial Situation of NWSDB ........................................................................................................... 4-19 4.6 ON-SITE FACILITIES ...................................................................................................................... 4-32 4.6.1 Operation and Maintenance of On-site Facilities ................................................................................ 4-32 4.7 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................... 4-33 4.7.1 Environmental Regulatory Requirements for Industries ..................................................................... 4-33 4.7.2 Industrial Wastewater Treatment Facilities ......................................................................................... 4-34 4.8 MEDICAL WASTEWATER ................................................................................................................ 4-37 4.8.1 Hospitals ............................................................................................................................................
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