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Berliner Philharmoniker Wilhelm Furtwängler The Radio Recordings 1939–1945 Wilhelm Furtwängler INHALT CONTENT Die Aufnahmen · The Recordings 6 ACHTUNG BITTE, AUFNAHME! 39 Furtwängler und der Reichsrundfunk ATTENTION PLEASE, RECORDING! 40 Furtwängler and the Reichsrundfunk ESPRESSIVO IN TEMPORE BELLI 79 Eine Annäherung an den Dirigenten Wilhelm Furtwängler ESPRESSIVO IN TEMPORE BELLI 80 Considering the conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler DIE FRÜHEN TONBANDAUFNAHMEN FURTWÄNGLERS 159 »Eine völlige Umwälzung in der Schallaufzeichnung« FURTWÄNGLERS EARLY TAPED RECORDINGS 160 “A total revolution in sound recording” English translation of the interview with sound engineer Friedrich Schnapp 182 Zwischen 1939 und 1945 wurden zahlreiche Konzerte Wilhelm Furtwänglers und der Berliner Philharmoniker im Radio übertragen und aufgezeichnet. Die vorliegende Edition vereint erstmals sämtliche erhaltenen Radiomitschnitte dieser Zeit, basierend auf den besten verfügbaren Quellen. Between 1939 and 1945, numerous concerts of Wilhelm Furtwängler and the Berliner Philharmoniker were broadcast on the radio and recorded. For the first time, this edition brings together all surviving radio recordings of this period using the best available sources. 5 Berliner Philharmoniker, Wilhelm Furtwängler, vermutlich 1939 probably 1939 Concert No. 1 Wilhelm Furtwängler Symphonic Concerto Edwin Fischer CD 1 ① – ③ Concert No. 2 George Frideric Handel Concerto grosso, op. 6 no. 5 CD 2 ① – ⑤ Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 5 CD 2 ⑥ – ⑨ Concert No. 3 Richard Strauss Verführung · Waldseligkeit Peter Anders CD 2 �� – �� Liebeshymnus · Winterliebe Don Juan CD 2 �� Concert No. 4 Richard Wagner Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg: CD 3 ① Prelude Concert No. 5 Robert Schumann Piano Concerto Walter Gieseking CD 3 ② – ④ Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 7 CD 3 ⑤ – ⑧ Concert No. 6 Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 9 Tilla Briem, Elisabeth Höngen, Peter Anders, CD 4 ① – ④ Rudolf Watzke, Bruno Kittelscher Chor Concert No. 7 Christoph Willibald Gluck Alceste: Overture CD 5 ① Robert Schumann Cello Concerto Tibor de Machula CD 5 ② – ④ Anton Bruckner Symphony No. 5 CD 6 ① – ④ Concert No. 8 Johannes Brahms Piano Concerto No. 2 Edwin Fischer CD 7 ① – ④ Richard Wagner Tristan und Isolde: Vorspiel & Liebestod CD 7 ⑤ Concert No. 9 Heinz Schubert Hymnic Concerto Erna Berger, Walther Ludwig, Fritz Heitmann CD 8 ① – ④ Franz Schubert Symphony No. 8 “Die Große” CD 9 ① – ④ Concert No. 10 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Symphony No. 39 CD 9 ⑤ – ⑧ Concert No. 11 Jean Sibelius En saga CD 10 ① Violin Concerto Georg Kulenkampff CD 10 ② – ④ Concert No. 12 Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 4 (without audience) CD 11 ① – ④ Symphony No. 4 (with audience) CD 11 ⑤ – ⑧ CD 1 ① – ③ Concert No. 12 Ludwig van Beethoven Coriolan, Overture CD 12 ① (continued) Symphony No. 5 CD 12 ② – ⑤ CD 2 ① – ⑤ CD 2 ⑥ – ⑨ Concert No. 13 Ernst Pepping Symphony No. 2 CD 13 ① – ④ Ludwig van Beethoven Piano Concerto No. 4 Conrad Hansen CD 13 ⑤ – ⑦ CD 2 �� – �� Concert No. 14 Anton Bruckner Symphony No. 6 (incomplete) CD 14 ① – ③ CD 2 �� Robert Schumann Cello Concerto (incomplete) Pierre Fournier CD 14 ④ – ⑤ Richard Strauss Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche CD 14 ⑥ CD 3 ① Concert No. 15 Johannes Brahms Variations on a Theme by Haydn CD 15 ① – �� Piano Concerto No. 2 Adrian Aeschbacher CD 15 �� – �� CD 3 ② – ④ Symphony No. 4 CD 16 ① – ④ CD 3 ⑤ – ⑧ Concert No. 16 Ludwig van Beethoven Violin Concerto Erich Röhn CD 17 ① – ③ CD 4 ① – ④ Richard Strauss Symphonia domestica CD 18 ① – ④ Concert No. 17 George Frideric Handel Concerto grosso, op. 6 no. 10 CD 19 ① – ⑤ CD 5 ① Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Symphony No. 39 CD 19 ⑥ – ⑨ CD 5 ② – ④ CD 6 ① – ④ Concert No. 18 Carl Maria von Weber Der Freischütz: Overture CD 20 ① Maurice Ravel Daphnis et Chloé, Suite No. 1 (incomplete) CD 20 ② – ③ CD 7 ① – ④ Daphnis et Chloé, Suite No. 2 CD 20 ④ – ⑥ CD 7 ⑤ Ludwig van Beethoven Symphony No. 6 “Pastorale” CD 20 ⑦ – �� CD 8 ① – ④ Concert No. 19 Anton Bruckner Symphony No. 9 CD 21 ① – ③ CD 9 ① – ④ Concert No. 20 Franz Schubert Symphony No. 7 “Unvollendete” CD 22 ① – ② CD 9 ⑤ – ⑧ Concert No. 21 Johannes Brahms Symphony No. 1: CD 22 ③ CD 10 ① 4. Adagio – Allegro non troppo, ma con brio CD 10 ② – ④ Bonus Interview with Friedrich Schnapp CD 22 ④ CD 11 ① – ④ (See page 182 for English transcript) CD 11 ⑤ – ⑧ 8 Die »Alte Philharmonie« in der Bernburger Straße – links vermutlich 1935, rechts als digitale Rekonstruktion The “Old Philharmonie” in the Bernburger Straße – left: probably 1935, right: a digital reconstruction CONCERT N o. 1 19. Januar 1939 Berlin, Alte Philharmonie Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN Symphonie Nr. 1 · Symphony No. 1 WILHELM FURTWÄNGLER (1886 – 1954) Symphonisches Konzert für Klavier 1:04:51 Entstehungszeit · Years of composition: 1924 – 1937, revidiert · revised 1954 und Orchester h-Moll Uraufführung · First performance: 26. Oktober 1937, München, Symphonic Concerto for Piano Berliner Philharmoniker, Edwin Fischer (Klavier) and Orchestra in B minor Dirigent · Conductor: Wilhelm Furtwängler Quelle · Source: Schellack · shellac, Reichsrundfunk-Original Edwin Fischer, Klavier · piano CD1 ① 1. Schwer 32:02 ② 2. Adagio solenne 11:12 ③ 3. Allegro – Allegretto moderato 21:37 19. Januar 1939 CONCERT N o. 2 13. September 1939 Berlin, Alte Philharmonie Berlin, Haus des Rundfunks GEORG FRIEDRICH HÄNDEL (1685 – 1759) Concerto grosso D-Dur op. 6 Nr. 5 15:07 Entstehungszeit · Year of composition: 1739 Concerto grosso in D major, op. 6 No. 5 Uraufführung · First performance: vermutlich · presumably Winter 1739/40, London, Lincoln's Inn Fields CD2 ① 1. [Maestoso] – Allegro 03:55 Dirigent · Conductor: Georg Friedrich Händel ② 2. Presto 02:05 Erste Aufführung der Berliner Philharmoniker · First performance ③ 3. Largo 03:05 by the Berliner Philharmoniker: 28. April 1925 ④ 4. Menuett 03:09 Dirigent · Conductor: Wilhelm Furtwängler ⑤ 5. Allegro 02:53 Quelle · Source: Schellack · shellac, Reichsrundfunk-Original LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770 – 1827) Symphonie Nr. 5 c-Moll op. 67 28:47 Entstehungszeit · Years of composition: 1803 – 1808 Symphony No. 5 in C minor, op. 67 Uraufführung · First performance: 22. Dezember 1808, Theater an der Wien Dirigent · Conductor: Ludwig van Beethoven CD2 ⑥ 1. Allegro con brio 07:44 Erste Aufführung der Berliner Philharmoniker · First performance ⑦ 2. Andante con moto 10:08 by the Berliner Philharmoniker: 10. Oktober 1884 ⑧ 3. Allegro – 05:30 Dirigent · Conductor: Joseph Joachim ⑨ 4. Allegro – Presto 05:25 Quelle · Source: Schellack · shellac, Reichsrundfunk-Original 3 Minuten im Finale fehlend 3 minutes missing from the Finale CONCERT N o. 3 15., 16., 17. Februar 1942 Berlin, Alte Philharmonie Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing PHILIPP JARNACH Musik mit Mozart · Music with Mozart Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing ROBERT SCHUMANN Symphonie Nr. 4 · Symphony No. 4 RICHARD STRAUSS (1864 – 1949) Vier Lieder mit Orchesterbegleitung 15:02 Entstehungszeiten · Years of composition: 1896 – 1918 Four Songs for Voice and Orchestra Uraufführung der Orchesterfassungen · First performance of orchestral versions: [1]: 2. November 1896, Philharmonie Berlin, Berliner Philharmoniker, Rosa Peter Anders, Tenor · tenor Sucher (Sopran); [2]: 21. November 1897, Concerts populaires, Brüssel, Pauline Strauss-de Ahna (Sopran); CD2 �� Verführung op. 33 Nr. 1 (Mackay) 08:21 Dirigent · conductor: Richard Strauss �� Waldseligkeit op. 49 Nr. 1 (Dehmel) 02:41 [3] & [4]: vermutlich · presumably 25. Oktober 1934, Odeon München �� Liebeshymnus op. 32 Nr. 3 (Henckell) 02:34 Quelle · Source: Tonband · tape, Kopie · copy �� Winterliebe op. 48 Nr. 5 (Henckell) 01:26 CONCERT N o. 3 15., 16., 17., Februar 1942 Berlin, Alte Philharmonie RICHARD STRAUSS (1864 – 1949) Don Juan op. 20 Entstehungszeit · Year of composition: 1888 Uraufführung · First performance: 11. November 1889, Hoftheater Weimar Tondichtung für großes Orchester nach Dirigent · Conductor: Richard Strauss dem gleichnamigen dramatischen Erste Aufführung der Berliner Philharmoniker · First performance by the Gedicht von Nikolaus Lenau Berliner Philharmoniker: 31. Januar 1890 Tone poem for large orchestra after Dirigent · Conductor: Hans von Bülow the dramatic poem of the same name Quelle · Source: Tonband · tape, Kopie des Moskauer Rundfunks; by Nikolaus Lenau Konvolut Russland CD2 �� Don Juan 17:21 CONCERT N o. 4 26. Februar 1942 Berlin, AEG-Fabrik Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing FRANZ SCHUBERT Symphonie Nr. 7 »Unvollendete« · Symphony No. 7 "Unfinished” Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing RICHARD STRAUSS Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche · Till Eulenspiegel’s Merry Pranks RICHARD WAGNER (1813 – 1883) Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg Entstehungszeit · Years of composition: 1862 – 1867 Oper in drei Akten · Opera in three acts Uraufführung · First performance: 21. Juni 1868, Königliches Hof- und National-Theater, München CD 3 ① Vorspiel zum ersten Akt (Konzertfassung) 09:15 Dirigent · Conductor: Hans von Bülow Prelude to Act I (concert version) Erste Aufführung der Berliner Philharmoniker · First performance by the Sehr mäßig bewegt Berliner Philharmoniker: 17. Oktober 1882 Dirigent · Conductor: Ludwig von Brenner Quelle · Source: Filmton Reichsrundfunk · Reichsrundfunk film soundtrack, Kopie · copy CONCERT N o. 5 1., 2., 3. März 1942 Berlin, Alte Philharmonie Beethoven: Aufgenommen März 1942 oder Oktober/November 1943 Aufnahme verschollen · Recording missing Beethoven: Recorded March 1942 or October/November 1943 PAUL HÖFFER Sinfonische Variationen über einen Baß von
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    Chronology 1916-1937 (Vienna Years) 8 Aug 1916 Der Freischütz; LL, Agathe; first regular (not guest) performance with Vienna Opera Wiedemann, Ottokar; Stehmann, Kuno; Kiurina, Aennchen; Moest, Caspar; Miller, Max; Gallos, Kilian; Reichmann (or Hugo Reichenberger??), cond., Vienna Opera 18 Aug 1916 Der Freischütz; LL, Agathe Wiedemann, Ottokar; Stehmann, Kuno; Kiurina, Aennchen; Moest, Caspar; Gallos, Kilian; Betetto, Hermit; Marian, Samiel; Reichwein, cond., Vienna Opera 25 Aug 1916 Die Meistersinger; LL, Eva Weidemann, Sachs; Moest, Pogner; Handtner, Beckmesser; Duhan, Kothner; Miller, Walther; Maikl, David; Kittel, Magdalena; Schalk, cond., Vienna Opera 28 Aug 1916 Der Evangelimann; LL, Martha Stehmann, Friedrich; Paalen, Magdalena; Hofbauer, Johannes; Erik Schmedes, Mathias; Reichenberger, cond., Vienna Opera 30 Aug 1916?? Tannhäuser: LL Elisabeth Schmedes, Tannhäuser; Hans Duhan, Wolfram; ??? cond. Vienna Opera 11 Sep 1916 Tales of Hoffmann; LL, Antonia/Giulietta Hessl, Olympia; Kittel, Niklaus; Hochheim, Hoffmann; Breuer, Cochenille et al; Fischer, Coppelius et al; Reichenberger, cond., Vienna Opera 16 Sep 1916 Carmen; LL, Micaëla Gutheil-Schoder, Carmen; Miller, Don José; Duhan, Escamillo; Tittel, cond., Vienna Opera 23 Sep 1916 Die Jüdin; LL, Recha Lindner, Sigismund; Maikl, Leopold; Elizza, Eudora; Zec, Cardinal Brogni; Miller, Eleazar; Reichenberger, cond., Vienna Opera 26 Sep 1916 Carmen; LL, Micaëla ???, Carmen; Piccaver, Don José; Fischer, Escamillo; Tittel, cond., Vienna Opera 4 Oct 1916 Strauss: Ariadne auf Naxos; Premiere
  • [T] IMRE PALLÓ

    [T] IMRE PALLÓ

    VOCAL 78 rpm Discs FRANZ (FRANTISEK) PÁCAL [t]. Leitomischi, Austria, 1865-Nepomuk, Czechoslo- vakia, 1938. First an orchestral violinist, Pácal then studied voice with Gustav Walter in Vienna and sang as a chorister in Cologne, Bremen and Graz. In 1895 he became a member of the Vienna Hofoper and had a great success there in 1897 singing the small role of the Fisherman in Rossini’s William Tell. He then was promoted to leading roles and remained in Vienna through 1905. Unfor- tunately he and the Opera’s director, Gustav Mahler, didn’t get along, despite Pacal having instructed his son to kiss Mahler’s hand in public (behavior Mahler considered obsequious). Pacal stated that Mahler ruined his career, calling him “talentless” and “humiliating me in front of all the Opera personnel.” We don’t know what happened to invoke Mahler’s wrath but we do know that Pácal sent Mahler a letter in 1906, unsuccessfully begging for another chance. Leaving Vienna, Pácal then sang with the Prague National Opera, in Riga and finally in Posen. His rare records demonstate a fine voice with considerable ring in the upper register. -Internet sources 1858. 10” Blk. Wien G&T 43832 [891x-Do-2z]. FRÜHLINGSZEIT (Becker). Very tiny rim chip blank side only. Very fine copy, just about 2. $60.00. GIUSEPPE PACINI [b]. Firenze, 1862-1910. His debut was in Firenze, 1887, in Verdi’s I due Foscari. In 1895 he appeared at La Scala in the premieres of Mascagni’s Guglielmo Ratcliff and Silvano. Other engagements at La Scala followed, as well as at the Rome Costanzi, 1903 (with Caruso in Aida) and other prominent Italian houses.
  • Gastdirigenten

    Gastdirigenten

    Dirigenten kommen und gehen, Orchester bleiben bestehen.” ” (Wolfgang Stresemann)1 5 Gastdirigenten Sie stehen ganz oben auf der Liste wichtiger Personen fur¨ die Berliner Phil- harmoniker - die Gastdirigenten. Allein 72 Konzerte wurden in Berlin in der Saison 2002/03 von ihnen bestritten (vom Chefdirigenten 31). In den funfzig¨ Jahren von 1955 bis 2005 haben etwa 400 Gastdirigenten mit dem Orchester auf der Buhne¨ gestanden, davon ungef¨ahr zwei Drittel nur ein bis dreimal, anfangs oft ersatzweise.2 Viele Gastdirigenten studierten Werke ein, die noch nicht mit Karajan, Abbado oder Rattle in Angriff genommen worden waren. Andere lieferten von h¨aufig gespielten Stucken¨ so eigenwillige Interpretationen, daß den re- gelm¨aßigen Konzertbesucher interessante Vergleiche geboten wurden. Hier Bemerkungen zu einigen Pers¨onlichkeiten. Ein Sonderfall: Leonard Bernstein Von einem ganz Großen, dem New Yorker Leonard Bernstein, soll als erstes berichtet werden. Er hat die Philharmoniker tief beeindruckt, obwohl er nur ein Werk mit ihnen einstudierte, die 9. Sinfonie von Gustav Mahler. Das geschah im Rahmen der Berliner Festwochen im Herbst 1979. Der damalige Chefdirigent Karajan hatte - wie so oft, wenn Gastdirigenten eingeladen wa- ren - anderweitige Verpflichtungen. Ein Treffen kam nicht zustande.3 Bernstein wurden vier Proben zugesagt (die meisten Gastdirigenten erhal- ten nur drei Proben). Als er den Saal betrat, waren die Musiker uberrascht:¨ Was fur¨ eine zierliche Person! Wie leger ist er doch mit seiner Lederjacke, ” dem Armreif und dem gestreiften T-Shirt gekleidet!” In der Hand hielt er eine Zigarettenschachtel. Das hatte man bis dahin noch bei keinem Dirigen- ten erlebt, denn es ist in den Konzerts¨alen verboten zu rauchen - auch bei Proben.