The “Noble Art” of Music Chad Fothergill, Temple University [email protected] ELCA Grace Gathering | New Orleans, LA | 12 August 2016 Summary An able musician in his own right, Luther understood the power of music to nourish and teach God’s children of all ages and abilities. Pastors and musicians in his circle and throughout following generations penned texts and tunes that were rooted in scripture, yet spoke to the diverse experiences of people who sang them at home, school, and worship. This workshop took a closer look at how music—from Luther’s hymns to global song—might be incorporated into different congregational contexts in both 2017 and beyond. Using suggestions in the Reformation 500 Sourcebook as a starting place, additional ideas were offered for seasons and ​ ​ festivals of the church year, home devotions, and special services such as “The Church’s Journey in Art and Song” that premiered at the 2015 Worship Jubilee. Objectives for the Anniversary Year Consider materials and resources in your context for: Sundays, seasons, and festivals of the church year Occasions in the congregation’s life Educational offerings Commemorative events such as hymn festivals Refresh or renew the theology of music in your context by thinking about: How pastors and musicians of Luther’s time collaborated together How they responded to rapidly changing cultural, political, and economic contexts How they navigated tensions between participation and performance, sacred and secular The ecumenical roots of our worship patterns and materials 1 Texts and Music by Luther and His Contemporaries Occasion Title, Tune, Notes Sources and Examples Sundays and Seasons of the Church Year Advent Savior of the Nations, Come ELW 263 NUN KOMM, DER HEIDEN HEILAND LBW 28 Consider adapting the tune for the Kyrie or using st. 6 (ELW) as gospel acclamation throughout the season Example 1, p. 12 of this handout Example 2, pp. 13–14 Nativity From Heaven Above ELW 268 VOM HIMMEL HOCH LBW 51 Use pairs of stanzas as gospel acclamations for Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and the First Sunday of Christmas From East to West LBW 64 A SOLIS ORTUS CARDINE 1 Now Praise We Christ, the Holy One The Hymns of Martin Luther CHRISTUM WIR SOLLEN LOBEN SCHON Time after Epiphany The Only Son from Heaven ELW 309 Elisabeth Cruciger, 1500–1535 LBW 86 HERR CHRIST, DER EINIG GOTTS SOHN See setting in Bach for All Seasons ​ Ash Wednesday Out of the Depths I Cry to You ELW 600 AUS TIEFER NOT SCHREI ICH ZU DIR LBW 295 Consider adapting a portion of this tune as a psalm tone for the Lenten season Example 3, p. 15 2 Lent 5A Out of the Depths I Cry to You ELW 600 AUS TIEFER NOT SCHREI ICH ZU DIR LBW 295 3 Holy Week Motet, Non moriar, sed vivam (SATB) Lutheran Choral Anthology: The ​ ​ 4 Sixteenth Century Easter Sunday Christ Jesus Lay in Death’s Strong Bands ELW 370 CHRIST LAG IN TODESBANDEN LBW 134 Sundays of Easter Christ Is Arisen ELW 372 CHRIST IST ERSTANDEN LBW 136 Consider using st. 3 as a gospel acclamation throughout the season up to and including the Day of Pentecost (“Christ, our comfort” and Spirit, Comforter) Example 4, p. 16 1 Peter C. Reske, ed., The Hymns of Martin Luther (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2016), 44–45. ​ ​ 2 RCL assigns Psalm 130. 3 Setting of Psalm 118:17 by Luther; can be used for Sunday of the Passion and Easter Sunday in all lectionary years. 4 Carl F. Schalk and William H. Braun, eds., Lutheran Choral Anthology: The Sixteenth Century (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2010). ​ ​ 2 Day of Pentecost Come, Holy Ghost, God and Lord ELW 395 KOMM, HEILIGER GEIST, HERRE GOTT LBW 163 Time after Pentecost Now to the Holy Spirit Let Us Pray ELW 743 5 NUN BITTEN WIR LBW 317 6 7 Pentecost 18A These Are the Holy Ten Commands The Hymns of Martin Luther 8 DIES SIND DIE HEILGEN ZEHN GEBOT Reformation 500 Sourcebook Congregational Life and Daily Prayer Morning, Evening Anthems, Luther’s Morning Prayer and Luther’s MorningStar Music Publishers ​ ​ ​ Evening Prayer (SATB) MSM-50-8610 (2011) ​ Carl F. Schalk Communion O Lord, We Praise You ELW 499 GOTT SEI GELOBET LBW 215 Baptism To Jordan Came the Christ Our Lord LBW 79 CHRIST, UNSER HERR, ZUM JORDAN KAM LSB 406 9 The Hymns of Martin Luther 10 Reformation 500 Sourcebook Funeral In Peace and Joy I Now Depart ELW 440 11 MIT FRIED UND FREUD ICH FAHR DAHIN LBW 349 12 In the Midst of Earthly Life Come, Beloved of the Maker 13 transl. Susan Palo Cherwien LBW 350 MITTEN WIR IM LEBEN SIND Confirmation, Now to the Holy Spirit Let Us Pray ELW 743 Farewell, Godspeed NUN BITTEN WIR LBW 317 5 Translated in LBW as “To God the Holy Spirit Let Us Pray.” 6 RCL assigns Exodus 20:1–4, 7–9, 12–20. 7 Reske, ed., The Hymns of Martin Luther, 62–63. ​ ​ 8 Robert Buckley Farlee, ed., Reformation 500 Sourcebook: Anniversary Resources for Congregations (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2016), 119; ​ ​ translated here as “That Man a Godly Life Might Live.” 9 Reske, ed., The Hymns of Martin Luther, 66–67. ​ ​ 10 Farlee, ed., Reformation 500 Sourcebook, 120. ​ ​ 11 Translated here as “I Leave, as You Have Promised, Lord.” 12 Susan Palo Cherwien, Come, Beloved of the Maker: Hymns of Susan Palo Cherwien, Vol. 2 (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2010), 32–33 (text), ​ ​ 84–84 (music), and 121 (notes). 13 Translated here as “Even as We Live Each Day.” 3 Luther’s Liturgical Music and Catechism Hymns THE GERMAN MASS Planning Considerations 1. Melodies need careful introduction and teaching 2. Pattern should be used for several weeks in a row, e.g. Reformation Sunday to Christ the King 3. Can be brought back on festival Sundays such as Transfiguration, The Holy Trinity, and again at Reformation 4. Be sure to indicate in your bulletin the difference between “ELW, p. ___” and “ELW, Hymn ___” when using chorales as liturgy settings 5. Because the leadership is keyboard-centric and because these chorales are longer, balance the service with shorter songs that can be led with other instruments, percussion, or be sung a cappella ​ Sample Bulletin or Newsletter Description Guided by his desire to create a body of vernacular hymns for worship and teaching, Luther worked with his musical colleagues to create congregational versions of the standard Mass texts that, in the centuries before the Reformation, had been sung to the ​ ​ people by the choir. In compiling his German Mass, Luther took several existing texts ​ ​ and plainsong melodies and fashioned them into chorales that were then sung by the ​ ​ people. Over time and in many locations, a number of Luther’s “catechism chorales” became fixtures in the Sunday service as well. As part of our Reformation anniversary observance, we will sing the hymns of the German Mass in English as our liturgy setting. The texts and music represent the work of ​ prophets, evangelists, authors, composers, translators, and arrangers across thousands of years! They include a Trinitarian trope, or expansion, of the Kyrie (ELW 409) from a ​ ​ ​ ​ Latin plainsong; a Gloria (ELW 410) fashioned by a sixteenth-century Lutheran ​ ​ composer from the melody of a tenth-century Easter plainsong; Luther’s versification of the Nicene Creed (ELW 411); Luther’s “German Sanctus” (ELW 868) which joins the ​ ​ ​ ​ “Holy, holy, holy” and other passages from the prophet Isaiah’s vision in the temple with music from an eleventh-century plainsong; and, finally, a Reformation-era Agnus Dei (ELW 196) that was probably written by Luther’s friend, Johannes Bugenhagen, for ​ ​ a congregation at Braunschweig. Kyrie Kyrie! God, Father in Heaven Above ELW 409 KYRIE, GOTT VATER LBW 168 Gloria All Glory Be to God on High ELW 410 Nikolaus Decius, 1485–1550 LBW 166 ALLEIN GOTT IN DER HÖH SEI EHR Creed We All Believe in One True God ELW 411 WIR GLAUBEN ALL AN EINEN GOTT LBW 374 Sanctus Isaiah in a Vision did of Old ELW 868 JESAIA, DEM PROPHETEN LBW 528 4 Agnus Dei O Christ, Lamb of God ELW 196 CHRISTE, DU LAMM GOTTES LBW 103 or Lamb of God, Pure and Sinless ELW 357 O LAMM GOTTES UNSCHULDIG LBW 111 Nunc dimittis In Peace and Joy I Now Depart ELW 440 Song of Simeon MIT FRIED UND FREUD ICH FAHR DAHIN LBW 349 Chant Formulas In addition to recommending certain chorales and when they could be sung, Luther’s preface to the German Mass also included formulae for the chanting of introits, the ​ ​ 14 Kyrie, prayers, Scripture readings, and the Words of Institution. CATECHISM HYMNS Planning Considerations 1. May be used with three portions of the Reformation 500 Sourcebook: “A Midweek ​ ​ ​ ​ Lenten Series Based on Luther’s Small Catechism” (77–82); “Martin Luther, The Catechism, and Music” (113–120); and “Living Out the Small Catechism” (169–172) 2. May be paired with any number of musical or instrumental settings such as those by J. S. Bach in the Clavierübung III of 1739 ​ ​ 15 16 Commandments These Are the Holy Ten Commands The Hymns of Martin Luther Lent 1 DIES SIND DIE HEILGEN ZEHN GEBOT Creed We All Believe in One True God ELW 411 Lent 2 WIR GLAUBEN ALL AN EINEN GOTT LBW 374 Prayer Our Father, God in Heaven Above ELW 746, 747 Lent 3 VATER UNSER IM HIMMELREICH Baptism To Jordan Came the Christ Our Lord LBW 79 Lent 4 CHRIST, UNSER HERR, ZUM JORDAN KAM LSB 406 17 The Hymns of Martin Luther 18 Reformation 500 Sourcebook [Confession] Out of the Depths I Cry to You ELW 600 AUS TIEFER NOT SCHREI ICH ZU DIR LBW 295 20 Communion Jesus Christ, Our Blessed Savior The Hymns of Martin Luther 19 Lent 5 JESUS CHRISTUS UNSER HEILAND, DER VON UNS ​ ​ ​ 14 Ulrich S.