Class 7 Geography chap- 7 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
D. Sort answer questions
1. what do you understand by the term natural vegetation?
Answer. natural vegetation refers to plants that have not been grown by humans.
2. what are the three different types of vegetation?
Answer. the three different types of vegetation are forest, grasslands and deserts.
. 3. why is the tropical rainforest home to a large variety of plants?
Answer. Tropical rainforest are home to a large variety of plants because the climate is warm and wet , Which helps to grow green plants.
4. Where are temperate coniferous forests found ?
Answer. Temperate coniferous forest are found in Eurasia, Russia, slopes of Himalayas, Alps and Rockies mountains and North America.
5. what are grasslands? what are the main threats to the grasslands?
Answer. Grasslands are vast expanses of grassy , Windy and partially dry regions. they cover almost 1/4 of the earth surface and are characterised by their tall, perennial and deep rooted grass’s and lack of trees.
Poaching , overgrazing and clearing of the land for crops are the main threats to the grassland. desertification is also a significant threat.
E. Long answer questions.
1. differentiate between tropical and temperate grasslands.
Answer. tropical grasslands.
• They are located near the equator between the Tropic of cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. • They cover large parts of Africa, Australia, South America and India. • The climate is hot and wet throughout the year.
Vegetation in the savanna include wild grasses, shrubs, Acacia trees and the jackalberry tree.
Temperate grasslands
• These are located at North of the Tropic of cancer and to the South of the Tropic of Capricorn. • They are located in colder climate regions and receives less precipitation. • Temperate grassland have hot summers and cold winters.
Grasses dominate the vegetation and trees and large shrubs are absent.
2. Describe the vegetation found in the tropical Evergreen forest.
Answer. In the tropical Evergreen forest the trees are very tall reaching up to 42-60 metres. Hardwood trees found here are rosewood, mahogany and Ebony. less than 1% of the light that strikes the top of the forest penetrates to the forest floor due to thick and broad canopy of the trees.
3. Write a note on desert vegetation.
Answer. In the hot deserts cactus, date palms and acacia are the most common types of plants and in the cold desert, summers are very short so that the top level of soil thaws just long enough for plants to grow and reproduce, then become dormant over winter. Plants in cold deserts do not have deep root systems. Plants that grow here include grasses , shrubs, herbs and lichens . There are no trees, except for some birches in the lower latitudes.
4. Briefly describe the climate of the temperate grasslands.
Answer. temperate grasslands have hot summers and cold winters. high speed winds are prevalent because of the lack of trees. some of the commonly found plants are needlegrass, blue grama, Buffalo grass, galleta and switchgrass.
F. Give reasons for the following.
1. Temperate deciduous trees shed their leaves in autumn.
Answer.Temperate deciduous trees shed their leaves in autumn to reduce transpiration and regrow in spring.
3.coniferous Evergreen trees have needle like leaves.
Answer. Coniferous Evergreen trees like fir, cedar, spruce and pine have needle like leaves to minimise water loss.
4. Animals of the coniferous Evergreen forest have furry coats.
Answer. Animals of the coniferous Evergreen forest have furry coats. Be cause they change colours from white fur in the winter to Brown fur in the summer to help them hide in the surroundings.