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By George B. Asquith Pioneer Production Corporation

Methods in Exploration Series No. 5

Published By: The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Tulsa, Oklahoma USA

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Copyright © 1985 by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists All Rights Reserved

For AAPG: Editor: Richard Steinmetz Science Director: E. A. Beaumont ProjectEditor: R. L. Hart

Published March 1985 Revised September 1985

Asquith, George B. Handbook of log evaluation techniques for carbonate reservoirs.

Bibliography: p. L Oil well Carbonateres ervoirs-Eval_uation. 2. logging,Electric. 3.Petroleutn ..Geology--United States­ Case studies. 4. Petroleum-Geology-Canada-Case studies. I. Title. TN87l.A$28 1985 622'.182 85·6212 ISBN 0-89181-655.0

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This handbook is designed for explorationists who work in the real world and who, therefore, aren't always lucky enough to have textbook-type evaluation problems in their everyday work, especially when working in carbonate reservoirs. This book is largely devoted to explaining and then illustrating a variety of techniques which can be brought to bear on carbonate-related problems. I hope you find this book useful, but that you apply these techniques with caution. They may not work every time.

George B. Asquith Pioneer Production Corporation Amarillo, Texas March, 1985

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Wherever the dagger symbol t appears next to a log abbreviation, it signifies a specific log package that car- ries the mark of Schlumberger. Hereafter all references to this mark in the text will be understood by the reader as such.

IV

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Table of Contents:

1. Introduction ...... 1

General ...... 1

Resistivity Variations as a Function of Pore Geometry and Hydrocarbons ...... 1

2.Detennination of Cementation Exponent (m) ...... 7 1: . . Case Study Pennsylvanian Canyon Reef, Scurry County,Texas ...... 7

3. Use ...... of Bulk Volume Water .... 13 Case Study 2: Ordovician Red River Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota ...... 13 3: Case Study Devonian Zama Reef, Alberta, Canada ...... 18

4. Production Ratio Index ...... 19

Case Study 4: Lower Permian Council Grove B-zone, Ochiltree County, Texas ...... 19

5. Combining Water Saturation/ Ratio Method, Moveable Hydrocarbon Index,

and ...... 22 Bulk Volume Water, Archie Water Saturation 1 .. Case Study 5: Pennsylvanian Lansing-Kansas City Formation, Northwest Shelf, Anadarko Basin . . 22 I ·

6. Use of Single Textural Parameter, W, for Solving Microporosity ...... 29

Case Study 6: Jurassic Smackover Oolite, Gulf Coast ...... 29

7. Use of Dielectric Constant Logs ...... 37

Case Study 7: Pennsylvanian Lansing Limestone, NorthwesternKansas ...... 37

8. Fracture Porosity and the Cementation Exponent (m) ...... 43 I�

Summary ...... 44

References ...... 45

Appendix ...... 46 Review of Essential Logging Terms ...... 46

Index ...... 47

I•

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