DOCSLIB.ORG

RESEARCH Age, Structural Setting, and Exhumation of the Liverpool

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
RESEARCH Age, Structural Setting, and Exhumation of the Liverpool RESEARCH Age, structural setting, and exhumation of the Liverpool Land eclogite terrane, East Greenland Caledonides Lars Eivind Augland, Arild Andresen, and Fernando Corfu DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, P.O. BOX 1047, BLINDERN, 0316 OSLO, NORWAY ABSTRACT The close spatial relationship between Devonian high-pressure rocks (eclogites) and Ordovician–Silurian calc-alkaline plutonic rocks, as observed in Liverpool Land, NE Greenland, is not easily explained by existing tectonic models for the Caledonide orogen. New fi eld stud- ies and isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-Pb geochronology demonstrate, however, that the association is just coincidental, because the two rock groups are located within distinct terranes separated by a composite structure. The major element is the Gubbedalen shear zone, a N-dipping shear zone dominated by a penetrative top-up-to-the-S ductile fabric. Superimposed brittle-ductile top- down-to-the-N shear zones are typical of the structurally uppermost part of the shear zone. The contact against the hanging wall is the N-dip- ping, brittle Gubbedalen extensional detachment fault. A zircon age of 399.5 ± 0.9 Ma for an eclogite body is interpreted to represent the time of high-pressure metamorphism of the footwall. The host gneiss was migmatized between ca. 388 Ma and ca. 385 Ma, as constrained by the ages of a pegmatite predating migmatization and crosscutting granites. Coeval synkinematic granites intrude along amphibolite-grade, top-to-the-S high-strain zones in the Gubbedalen shear zone. Juxtaposition of the Ordovician–Silurian plutonic terrane (hanging wall) against the Early to mid-Devonian eclogite terrane (footwall) is best explained by a tectonic model involving early mid-Devonian buoyancy-driven exhumation followed by late mid-Devonian syncon- tractional extension related to thrusting on the Gubbedalen shear zone in a dextral strike-slip zone. Subsequent exhumation through the brittle-ductile transition occurred by extension on early semiductile structures and the overprinting Gubbedalen extensional detachment fault, and erosion. LITHOSPHERE; v. 2; no. 4; p. 267–286. doi:10.1130/L75.1 INTRODUCTION 1935; Hansen and Steiger, 1971), the coexistence are: (1) an autochthonous to parautochthonous of which could not be accommodated by simple Archean to Paleoproterozoic basement with a The timing and kinematics of high-pressure tectonic models. We solved the conundrum by variably preserved cover of Neoproterozoic to (HP) metamorphism, exhumation, and crustal discovering the importance of a major structural Silurian sediments; (2) a far-traveled thrust sheet deformation are critical elements for the devel- boundary, investigated through fi eld work and (Niggli-Hagar thrust sheet) composed, from opment of tectonic models for collisional oro- U-Pb isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass the base upward, of Archean and Proterozoic gens like the Caledonides. Other important spectrometry (ID-TIMS) geochronology. In this gneisses, high-grade Mesoproterozoic supra- factors in such reconstructions include the rela- paper, we describe the major N-dipping compos- crustal rocks (Krummedal Sequence), and a tionships between crustal blocks of different ite shear zone and fault separating the Devonian thick package of Neoproterozoic to Ordovician affi nities and origins brought together by strike- eclogite terrane in the footwall from a terrane of sedimentary rocks (Eleonore Bay Supergroup, slip faulting and/or thrusting or extensional fault- predominately Late Ordovician to Silurian plu- Tillite Group, and Kong Oscar Fjord Group); ing. The Caledonides of Scandinavia and North tons in the hanging wall, report U-Pb ages that and (3) late orogenic Devonian continental East Greenland represent the two fl anks of the date the main steps in the evolution of the eclog- deposits in fault-controlled basins (Haller, 1971; Silurian–Devonian collisional orogen between ite terrane and the shear zone, and describe the Larsen and Bengaard, 1991; Higgins et al., 2004; Baltica and Laurentia, where the remains now role of the shear zone in the exhumation of the Andresen et al., 2007). A major unconformity are exposed in a series of nappes and crustal Liverpool Land eclogite terrane. separates the Middle Devonian deposits from blocks on the two Atlantic margins (Haller, 1971; the underlying folded and faulted Neoprotero- Roberts and Gee, 1985). The study of the rela- GEOLOGICAL SETTING zoic to Ordovician sedimentary rocks (Larsen tionships between the various components of the and Bengaard, 1991; Larsen et al., 2008). Silu- Caledonides is never quite straightforward and East Greenland Caledonides rian leucogranites (ca. 435–425 Ma) intrude the over the years has generated many controversies Krummedal Sequence and the lower part of the and debates. In our study, we address a contro- The Late Silurian to Devonian continent- Neoproterozoic sequence (Watt et al., 2000; versial situation in the southern part of Liverpool continent collision between Baltica and Lau- Hartz et al., 2001; Kalsbeek et al., 2001a, 2001b; Land, in the East Greenland Caledonides. The rentia produced the Caledonian orogen, the White et al., 2002; Leslie and Nutman, 2003; fundamental problem at the outset of the study remnants of which presently straddle both sides Andresen et al., 2007). Kalsbeek et al. (2001a, was an apparent paradox between the spatial of the North Atlantic Ocean (Haller, 1971; Rob- 2001b, 2008) argued that most of these leuco- association of Devonian eclogites (Hartz et al., erts and Gee, 1985). The main tectonic elements granites are S-type granites, derived by anatexis 2005) and Silurian plutonic complexes (Kranck, of the East Greenland Caledonides (Fig. 1) of pelitic units within the Krummedal Sequence. LITHOSPHEREFor permission to| Volumecopy, contact 2 | Number [email protected] 4 | www.gsapubs.org | © 2010 Geological Society of America 267 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/lithosphere/article-pdf/2/4/267/3038294/267.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 AUGLAND ET AL. All these units are crosscut by two major, late to postorogenic, low-angle, E-dipping, top-to- A Nørreland Window POST-CALEDONIAN the-E extensional faults: the Boyd-Bastionen 78°N 78 Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic N sedimentary/volcanic rocks detachment and the Fjord Region detachment (Fig. 1), subdividing the region into three Devonian sedimentary rocks crustal-scale fault blocks (Hartz and Andresen, North East 1995; Andresen et al., 1998; Hartz et al., 2000, NIGGLI-HAGAR THRUST SHEET Greenland Neoproterozoic (Eleonore Bay 2001). Major sinistral strike-slip shearing also Dronning Louise Land eclogite province Supergroup and Tillite Group) accompanied continent-continent collision and and early Paleozoic rocks postcollisional extension. This led to regions of 76°N 76 (Kong Oscar Fjord Group) bulk transpression and transtension, and associ- Mesoproterozoic (Krummedal ated extrusion and pull-apart structures (i.e., the Sequence) Western fault zone and the Storstrømmen shear Greenland Storstrømmen shear zone zone; Holdsworth and Strachan, 1991; Larsen Reworked Archean and ice cap Fjord region Proterozoic basement and Bengaard, 1991; Seranne, 1992; Torsvik et detachment al., 1996; Krabbendam and Dewey, 1998; Smith LIVERPOOL LAND ECLOGITE TERRANE et al., 2007; Steltenpohl et al., 2009). 74°N 74 In a slightly modifi ed tectonostratigraphic Inferred present-day thrust front scheme proposed by Higgins et al. (2004), the CALEDONIAN FORELAND Niggli-Hagar thrust sheet is subdivided into A A’ Archean and Paleoproterozoic two tectonic units: the Niggli Spids and Hagar gneisses w/cover Bjerg thrust sheets. The nature of major faults Boyd-Bastionen and shear zones separating different units in the detachment ? ? High-angle extensional fault southern East Greenland Caledonides is debat- 72°N 72 able, as evidenced by confl icting interpretations Thrust of maps and cross sections presented in Hig- Liverpool gins et al. (2008). We follow the view of Haller Ice Land Low-angle detachment Western fault zone (1971) and Andresen et al. (2007), who inter- RenlandB B’ preted structural repetitions within the Niggli- Milne LandScoresby Sun Hagar thrust sheet to be a result of large-scale 100 km recumbent folding. 30°W 25°W d Liverpool Land B PETERMANN BJERG SUESS LAND RØDEBJERG Liverpool Land is an isolated area composed AA’Allochthon of pre-Carboniferous rocks in the southern part of the East Greenland Caledonides, and it is separated from the main outcrop area of Cale- Autochthon Parautochthon donian rocks to the west by a cover of Permian and Mesozoic sediments (Jameson Land Basin; Figs. 1 and 2). The link to the tectonostratig- B B’ raphy established farther west is therefore not Jameson Land Liverpool Land straightforward. Partly migmatized metasedi- basin Hurry Inlet plutonic mentary rocks interpreted as remnants of the terrane Krummedal Sequence (Higgins, 1988; Johnston ? ? Gubbedalen shear zone et al., 2009) have, however, been taken to indi- ? Liverpool Land eclogite terrane cate that the rocks constituting northern Liver- pool Land represent an eastward continuation of Figure 1. (A) Simplifi ed geological map of the main lithotectonic units of the East Greenland Cale- the Niggli-Hagar thrust sheet. donides. (B) Representative profi les. Rectangle indicates the Liverpool Land study area of Figure 2. Previous investigations indicated that most The fi gure is modifi ed from Andresen et al., 2007. of Liverpool Land is dominated by various types of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Zoology of East Greenland
    /V ^^^tAx^^T^' MEDDELELSER OM GR0NLAND UDGIVNE AF ^ KOMMISSIONEN FOR VIDENSKABELIGE UNDERS0GELSERIGR0NLAND BD. 126 • NR. 6 THE ZOOLOGY OF EAST GREENLAND Edited by M. Degerbel, Ad. S. Jensen, R. Sparck and G. Thorson, Dr. phil. Professor, Dr. phil. Professor, Dr. phil. Dr. phil. in Cooperation with the Editorial Committee of »MeddeleIser om GronIand«. DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS BY P. E. HEEGAARD WITH 27 FIGURES IN THE TEXT 't! % K0BENHAVN C. A. REITZELS FORLAG BIANCO LUNOS BOGTRYKKKRI A/S 1941 Pris: Kr. 3.50. MEDDELELSER OM GR0NLAND UDGIVNE AF KOMMISSIONEN FOR VIDENSKABELIGE UNDERS0GELSER I GR0NLAND BD. 121 • NR. 6 THE ZOOLOGY OF EAST GREENLAND DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS BY P. E. HEEGAARD WITH 27 FIGURES IN THE TEXT K0BENHAVN C. A. REITZELS FORLAG BIANCO LUNOS BOGTRYKKERI A/S 1941 CONTENTS Pa Re Introduction 5 Brachyura Hyas coaretains Anornura Lithode.s- maja — grimaldii Paralomis spectabilis — bouvicri '5 Eupagurus pubescens !*"> Munida lenuimana. Galacanta roslrata Munidopsis eurriroslra 1 — si His Macrura 20 Polycheles nanus Sclerocra.ngon jero.t: 20 — borcas 24 Neetocrangon lar 28 Sabinea, hystri.r sepleincannala 31 Pont o phi I us norvegieus 34 Glyphocrangon sculptus Spirontocaris gainiardu — spin us 39 — lilijeborgii 42 — turgida 42 — polar is 45 groenlandiea 47 Bythocaris payeri 50 — leucopis °2 — simplicirostris 53 Pandalus boreahs 54 — propinquus 5(> Pasiphae tarda. 57 Hymenodora glacial is 58 Amalopeneus elegans 59 Sergestes arclicus "0 General remarks Literature INTRODUCTION The present paper comprises an account of the Crustacean Decapods so far found off the coast of East Greenland. Tt is primarily based on collections made by Danish Expeditions during the last few years, amongst which can be mentioned: ,,Treaarsexpeditionen til Christian d.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Place Names in Northern East Greenland
    Catalogue of place names in northern East Greenland In this section all officially approved, and many Greenlandic names are spelt according to the unapproved, names are listed, together with explana- modern Greenland orthography (spelling reform tions where known. Approved names are listed in 1973), with cross-references from the old-style normal type or bold type, whereas unapproved spelling still to be found on many published maps. names are always given in italics. Names of ships are Prospectors place names used only in confidential given in small CAPITALS. Individual name entries are company reports are not found in this volume. In listed in Danish alphabetical order, such that names general, only selected unapproved names introduced beginning with the Danish letters Æ, Ø and Å come by scientific or climbing expeditions are included. after Z. This means that Danish names beginning Incomplete documentation of climbing activities with Å or Aa (e.g. Aage Bertelsen Gletscher, Aage de by expeditions claiming ‘first ascents’ on Milne Land Lemos Dal, Åkerblom Ø, Ålborg Fjord etc) are found and in nunatak regions such as Dronning Louise towards the end of this catalogue. Å replaced aa in Land, has led to a decision to exclude them. Many Danish spelling for most purposes in 1948, but aa is recent expeditions to Dronning Louise Land, and commonly retained in personal names, and is option- other nunatak areas, have gained access to their al in some Danish town names (e.g. Ålborg or Aalborg region of interest using Twin Otter aircraft, such that are both correct). However, Greenlandic names be - the remaining ‘climb’ to the summits of some peaks ginning with aa following the spelling reform dating may be as little as a few hundred metres; this raises from 1973 (a long vowel sound rather than short) are the question of what constitutes an ‘ascent’? treated as two consecutive ‘a’s.
    [Show full text]
  • 402 Cade and Nielsen Layout 1
    SURVEYS FOR GYRFALCONS IN THE SCORESBYSUND REGION OF NORTHEAST GREENLAND IN 1999 TOM J. CADE1 AND ÓLAFUR K. NIELSEN2 1The Peregrine Fund, 5668 Flying Hawk Lane, Boise, Idaho 83709, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urriðaholtsstræti 6–8, P.O. Box 125,212 Garðabær, Iceland ABSTRACT.—We conducted a helicopter survey over approximately 6,000 km2 of Jameson Land, East Greenland, on 9–10 June 1999 in search of nesting areas for Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus). An associate also carried out an overland skiing survey between Scoresbysund village and Self- eldene Peninsula on the Liverpool Coast in the later part of May, returning across the mountains of Liverpool Land to Constable Point. The authors also did a trip in dog-sledges between Scores- bysund village and Cape Höegh on the Liverpool Coast. We found 20 areas that showed signs of current, recent, and historical Gyrfalcon breeding activity, four on the Liverpool Coast and 16 in Jameson Land. Five had confirmed incubating females, seven others had apparent non-breeding pairs (n=2) or single adults present, and three could not be determined because of bad flying con- ditions. Kap Tobin, located near the entrance of Scoresbysund on its north side, appeared to be a suitable location for a trapping, banding, and marking station for fall migrating Gyrfalcons, and this assumption proved to be correct in 2004 and 2005. Comparing our findings with historical information from the 20th Century, while indicating that there could have been an overall decline of 50 percent in the nesting population of Gyrfalcons in NE Greenland since the mid-1900s, still the current population is substantial, and Scoresbysund remains an important location for studying the migratory movements of falcons along the East Greenland coast and associated marine habi- tats.
    [Show full text]
  • Årsrapport 2015
    ÅRSRAPPORT 2015 Grønlandshavet Baffinbugten Jameson Land Disko Vest Nuuk Vest Kap Farvel Indhold Hoved- og nøgletal 3 Disko Vest 14 Bestyrelsens forord 4 Risikostyring 16 Ledelsesberetning 5 Selskabsledelse 17 Forventninger til 2016 6 Retningslinjer og politikker 18 NUNAOIL - 30 år som Grønland´s Ledelsespåtegning 20 nationale olieselskab 7 Den uafhængige revisors Efterforskning på land erklæringer 21 Jameson Land 8 Anvendt regnskabspraksis 22 Dataindsamling i Grønlandshavet 10 Regnskab 25 Grønlandshavet 11 Efterforsknings- og udnyttelses- Nuuk Vest 12 tilladelser i Grønland 2015 30 Baffin Bugt 13 Selskabsoplysninger Selskab Bestyrelse NUNAOIL A/S Stine Bosse, formand Tuapannguit 38 Søren Lennert Mortensen, næstformand Postboks 579 Louise Langholz 3900 Nuuk Per Winter Wullf Grønland Peter Helmer Steen Telefon: +299 32 87 03 Direktion Internet: www.nunaoil.gl Hans Kristian Olsen E-mail: [email protected] Følg NUNAOIL på LinkedIn Revision Grønlands Revisionskontor A/S, statsautoriserede revisorer CVR-nr.: 68.116 Stiftet: 23. januar 1985 Generalforsamling Hjemsted: Kommuneqarfik Sermersooq Ordinær generalforsamling afholdes tirsdag den 12. april 2016 Regnskabsår: 1. januar - 31. december Forside: Kort over Grønland med efterforskningslicenser 2015. Billederne i årsrapporten er fra ARCO’s operationer på Jameson Land i perioden 1986-1989. Billederne stammer fra de originale aktivitetsrap- porter fra ARCO. REDAKTION: NUNAOIL A/S | LAYOUT & PRODUKTION: ICICERO, NUUK | TRYK: JOHNSEN.DK | OFFENTLIGGØRELSE: APRIL 2016 Hoved- og nøgletal 2015 2014
    [Show full text]
  • Scoresby Sund, East Greenland: Structure and Distribution of Sedimentary Rocks
    Polarforschung 62 (1): 1-9, 1992 (erschienen 1993) Scoresby Sund, East Greenland: Structure and Distribution of Sedimentary Rocks By Gabriele Uenzelmann-Neben' Summary: A reflection seismic investigation of the Scoresby Sund allowed a Land. A large amount of basaltic lavas was extruded during the refined interpretation of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic scdimentary evolution of initial opening (HINZ et al. 1987; MUTTER et al. 1988). Tho­ this area. A synsedimentary subsidence is suggested for the western part of the Jameson Land Basin. Two seismic sequences document the strong erosion which se lavas can be found on the Geikie Plateau (Fig. 1) with a thick­ took place during the Cretaceaous/Tertiary, Further erosion resulted from the ness of at least 2000 m, there forming the third geological unit development of several glacial phases in the Quaternary leading to a very thin surrounding Scoresby Sund. Those Paleogene basalts probably (below 12m, in shallow areas below Sm) cover of Quaternary sediments. It is covered parts of Milne Land and Jameson Land as weil, even inferred that the most recent glacial developed during the Late Weichselian built up a grounded glacier. if to a minor degree (LARSEN 1984; LARSEN & WATT 1985) but have clearly been eroded. This erosion continued stratigra­ Zusammenfassung: Durch eine reflexionsseismische Untersuchung des phically much farther down into the underlying Mesozoie se­ Scoresby Sundes konnte eine verfeinerte Interpretation der mesozoischen und dimentary rocks (LARSEN 1984). Indications for Tertiary in­ känozoischen sedimentären Entwicklung erreicht werden. Für den westlichen Teil des Jameson Land Beckens wird eine synsedimentäre Absenkung angenom­ trusions into Jameson Land sediments are found in data gathe­ men.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of East Greenland
    The James Cresswell (UK) geologyof East Greenland ighty percent of Greenland is covered by ice and, in places, Ethis is up to 3.4km thick. So, Greenland might not immediately spring to mind as a place to go to observe rocks. However, it is a huge country and the ice-free area, at 410,000km2, is nearly twice the size of the UK. This is generally sparsely vegetated, leaving the rocks beautifully exposed and the geology incredibly easy to see. The area of East Greenland around Scoresby Sund, Kong Oscar and Kejser Franz Joseph Fjords is the largest ice-free area in Greenland. It also has incredible geodiversity, with basement rocks as old as three billion years, an almost complete sedimentary record of the last 1.6byrs and huge volumes of flood basalts from the splitting of the Atlantic. If you were an alien and wanted to try to piece together the geological story of Planet Earth - but could only visit one area - East Greenland would be the place to go. The geological history of Greenland is vastly long and spans 3.8byrs. Its oldest rocks are the 3.8byr-old Isua Complex, situated in West Greenland, near the capital Nuuk. These rocks are the Earth’s oldest, Fig 1. A simplified geological map of East Greenland. most well-preserved sedimentary granites) are continental crust and Greenland rifted apart again, only to and volcanic rocks, and they contain in all continental collisions, they are come back together 200myrs later. carbon particles that most likely not subducted due to their relative The final stages of basement building originate from the oldest known life buoyancy.
    [Show full text]
  • Oxford University Liverpool Land Expedition Surrounding The
    Oxford University Liverpool Land expedition Surrounding the settlement of Ittoqqortoormiit, at the mouth of Scoresby Sund in North-East Greenland, is a geological terrain that records evidence of subduction to ultra-high pressures (depths of over 100km). These so called ‘ultra-high-pressure terrains’, typically found within mountain belts, provide a direct record of a poorly understood process: the subduction of continental crust. The Liverpool Land terrain, located in a steeply mountainous area within the Arctic Circle, is inaccessible even by the standards of ultra-high-pressure terrains and is therefore particularly understudied. The combination of excellent geology combined with a mountaineering challenge was part of the motivation for organising an Oxford University expedition during the summer of 2018. The aim of this expedition was to understand the metamorphic and structural history of this geological unit and collect samples for further petrological work, to archive with the geological survey of Denmark. As per any expedition plan, it was modified and changed on arrival into Greenland to account for weather, terrain and polar bears. The boat journey from Constable point across Hurry Inlet was relatively short and was reliant on my navigation skills using a 1:250,000 scale map whilst trying not to get sea sick or lose any maps to the wind. We were set down on the western side of the field area with a plan to back pack east onto the ‘plateau’ where we be in an ideal position to move around the area. As soon as we landed, many of the team members looked at the terrain sloping quite steeply to the east up to a high point of 700m, the incised rivers forming deep canyons filled with snow, the long, frozen lakes which feed these rivers and force you on a huge detour, and the miles of boulder fields with few or no campsites.
    [Show full text]
  • Master's Thesis
    EXHUMATION HISTORY OF CALEDONIAN ECLOGITES IN LIVERPOOL LAND, EAST GREENLAND, AND COMPARISONS WITH ECLOGITES IN NORWAY Except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this thesis is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee. This thesis does not include proprietary or classified information. _________________________________ Dannena Renée Bowman Certificate of Approval: __________________________ ______________________________ Willis E. Hames Mark G. Steltenpohl, Chair Professor Professor Geology & Geography Geology & Geography __________________________ ______________________________ Ashraf Uddin Joe F. Pittman Associate Professor Interim Dean Geology & Geography Graduate School EXHUMATION HISTORY OF CALEDONIAN ECLOGITES IN LIVERPOOL LAND, EAST GREENLAND, AND COMPARISONS WITH ECLOGITES IN NORWAY Dannena Renée Bowman A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Auburn, Alabama May 10, 2008 EXHUMATION HISTORY OF CALEDONIAN ECLOGITES IN LIVERPOOL LAND, EAST GREENLAND, AND COMPARISONS WITH ECLOGITES IN NORWAY Dannena Renée Bowman Permission is granted to Auburn University to make copies of this thesis at its discretion, upon request of individuals or institutions and at their expense. The author reserves all publication rights. ______________________________ Signature of Author ______________________________ Date of Graduation iii VITA Dannena Renée Bowman, daughter of Darrell and Dorothy Bowman, was born March 24, 1983, in Waukesha, Wisconsin. She graduated from Danville Community High School in Danville, Indiana in 2001. She attended DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, for four years, graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Geosciences in May, 2005. After working for a year as an environmental consultant in Warrenville, Illinois, she entered Graduate School at Auburn University, in August, 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Den Bærekraftige Inuitt”? Et Studie Av Fangstfolk På Grønland Den Bærekra[Dokumentets Tittel]
    ”Den bærekraftige inuitt”? Et studie av fangstfolk på Grønland Den bærekra[Dokumentets tittel] [Dokumentets undertittel] Liv Margit Arntzen Av Liv Margit Arntzen SOA-3900 Masteroppgave i sosialantropologi Institutt for arkeologi og sosialantropologi Fakultetet for humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og lærerutdanning Høst 2011 ii Alle bilder er tatt av forfatter, dersom ikke noe annet er opplyst. iii iv Forord Jeg vil først og fremst takke alle informanter, venner og behjelpelige mennesker på Grønland. Dere har gjort det mulig for meg å gjennomføre denne oppgaven. Jeg vil spesielt takke dere fangere som har vært positive til å ha meg med på fangst, samt bidratt med viktig kunnskap og erfaring om fangsten på Øst-Grønland. Jeg vil også takke min vertsfamilie som har tatt imot meg med åpne armer. Jeg følte meg alltid velkommen i deres hjem, både i gode og dårlige perioder, noe jeg er svært takknemlig for. Tusen takk til min veileder Bjørn Bjerkli som har inspirert meg og gitt meg gode råd underveis i skriveprosessen og vært både positiv og kritisk med sine tilbakemeldinger. Det har vært svært lærerikt å jobbe med deg. Uten din hjelp ville jeg nok ikke ha kommet i mål med oppgaven. Jeg vil også takke mine medstudenter Jonas, Laila, Sanne og Sandra for hyggelige faglige samtaler. Jeg vil spesielt takke Jonas for mange inspirerende faglige samtaler og hyggelige kaffepauser på ”kontoret” i en til tider svært så stressende hverdag. Tromsø, oktober 2011 Liv Margit Arntzen v vi Sammendrag Mange mennesker i den arktiske regionen lever under krevende forhold og står overfor store utfordringer som er knyttet til økt utnyttelse av naturressurser, klimaendringer og forurensning.
    [Show full text]
  • GEOLOGICAL SURVEY of DENMARK and GREENLAND BULLETIN 21 · 2010 Exploration History and Place Names of Northern East Greenland
    GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND BULLETIN 21 · 2010 Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland Anthony K. Higgins GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND MINISTRY OF CLIMATE AND ENERGY Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 21 Keywords Exploration history, northern East Greenland, place names, Lauge Koch’s geological expeditions, Caledonides. Cover illustration Ättestupan, the 1300 m high cliff on the north side of Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord discovered and so named by A.G. Nathorst in 1899. Frontispiece: facing page Map of Greenland by Egede (1818), illustrating the incorrect assumption that the Norse settlements of Greenland were located in South-West and South-East Greenland. Many of the localities named in the Icelandic Sagas are placed on this map at imaginary sites on the unknown east coast of Greenland. The map is from the second English edition of Hans Egede’s ‘Description of Greenland’, a slightly modified version of the first English edition published in 1741. Chief editor of this series: Adam A. Garde Editorial board of this series: John A. Korstgård, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Aarhus; Minik Rosing, Geological Museum, University of Copenhagen; Finn Surlyk, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen Scientific editor of this volume: Adam A. Garde Editorial secretaries: Jane Holst and Esben W. Glendal Referees: Ian Stone (UK) and Christopher Jacob Ries (DK) Illustrations: Eva Melskens Maps: Margareta Christoffersen Digital photographic work: Benny M. Schark Layout and graphic production: Annabeth Andersen Geodetic advice: Willy Lehmann Weng Printers: Rosendahls · Schultz Grafisk a/s, Albertslund, Denmark Manuscript received: 22 April 2010 Final version approved: 1 July 2010 Printed: 21 December 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards an Integrated Jurassic Biostratigraphy for Eastern Greenland
    Volumina Jurassica, 2015, Xiii (1): 43–64 Doi: 10.5604/17313708 .1148657 Towards an integrated Jurassic biostratigraphy for eastern Greenland Simon R.A. KELLY 1, F. John GREGORY 2, William BRAHAM 3, Dominic P. STROGEN 4, Andrew G. WHITHAM 1 Key words: Jurassic, integrated biostratigraphy, ammonites, palynology, micropalaeontology, Greenland. Abstract. The thick and relatively complete Jurassic succession of eastern Greenland provides a unique biostratigraphic record for the North Atlantic region. The main biostratigraphic control for the succession has been provided by molluscs, especially ammonites and to a lesser extent by bivalves and belemnites. The late John Callomon and colleagues recognised 93 Boreal ammonite-bearing horizons in the Mid to Late Jurassic. This provides a reliable backbone to the biostratigraphy of these strata, prompting a palynological colleague to com- ment that they are the “Policemen of Jurassic Stratigraphy”. Other biostratigraphically significant microfossil and palynological groups, can be calibrated against this standard, but on their own cannot achieve the same precision. The Early Jurassic of eastern Greenland does not have such fine control as later parts of the period. No single biostratigraphic group can be used successfully throughout the interval, and there are only three significant ammonite faunas during this period. Reliance on various dif- ferent organisms is necessary to cope with the changing range of marine to non-marine environments. CASP field-work from 1990 to 2012 has resulted in the collection of much biostratigraphic material. In this article, published data are sum- marised together with previously unpublished data in the form of a unified table. The integrated chart shows detailed columns for the whole eastern Greenland Jurassic.
    [Show full text]
  • Liverpool Land Basement High, Greenland: Visualising Inputs for Fractured Crystalline Basement Reservoir Models
    Liverpool Land Basement High, Greenland: visualising inputs for fractured crystalline basement reservoir models Graham Banks*1, Stefan Bernstein1, Sara Salehi1, Pierpaolo Guarnieri1, Dennis Bird2, Catherine Hamblett3, David Peacock4 and Jon Foster5 REVIEW ARTICLE | OPEN ACCESS GEUS Bulletin Vol 43 | e2019430204 | Published online: 22 July 2019 https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-02-04 Basement highs are large structural features, commonly bur- knowledging that subaerial basement rocks have, by defini- ied in sedimentary basins (Busby & Azor 2012). They are tion, a different uplift history than subsurface basement). of interest for natural resources exploration and research be- The Liverpool Land Basement High (LLBH) in Greenland cause of their ability to influence migration and entrapment is an uplifted and well-exposed basement high located be- of petroleum (Trice 2014) and water, and the deposition of tween two sedimentary basins, and thus provides a valuable metals (Hitzman 2005; Borg et al. 2012). Three-dimensional analogue for fractured basement-hosted mineral, oil and geo- (3D) reservoir models (e.g. Shepherd 2009) are built to evalu- thermal reservoirs. ate and model fluid-filled basement reservoirs (Ringrose & The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bentley 2015). However, subsurface data are expensive, diffi- (GEUS) conducted reconnaissance work on the LLBH in cult to obtain and are often widely spaced. Ideally, basement 2018 to assess the quality of the exposure of basement pal- reservoir models would be constrained by rock, fracture and aeo-weathering profiles and fault-fracture networks. Here, mineral vein data from appropriate outcrop analogues (ac- we introduce the LLBH, the concept of fractured basement PZEG Vøring Basin 0 100 200 300 Geodetic Reference System: WGS 1984 røndelag W Jan Mayen FZ Km Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic with 1:10,000,000 Central Meridian: -40, Std.
    [Show full text]