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AVAILABLE from Aspen Institute Publications Office, Wye Center, P.O DOCUMENT RESUME ED 368 373 IR 054 940 TITLE A National Information Network: Changing Our Lives in the 21st Century. 1992 Annual Review of the Institute for Information Studies. INSTITUTION Aspen Inst., Queenstown, MD.; Northern Telecom, Inc., Nashville, TN. REPORT NO ISBN-0-89843-128-X PUB DATE 92 NOTE 215p.; For other annual reviews,see IR 054 939-941. AVAILABLE FROM Aspen Institute Publications Office,Wye Center, P.O. Box 222, Queenstown, MD 21658. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Access to Information; Change; Futures (of Society); *Information Networks; *InformationTechnology; Policy Formation; Public Policy; Technological Advancement; *Telecommunications; User Needs (Information); Yearbooks IDENTIFIERS *Information Infrastructure ABSTRACT In a workshop held by the National ResearchCouncil through their Board on Telecommunications andComputer Applications, the participants determined that the earlier visionof affordable telephone service for all, already fundamentallyachieved in the United States, can be extended toa new national policy of affordable information for all. This new policycan be achieved through networking the systems of business, education,and knowledge. The anticipated benefits of an informationcommunications infrastructure linking people with information, services,and knowledge in any place at any time are enormous asare thc challenges of developing and managing such a system. The authors of thesepapers discuss the benefits, disadvantages, and issues of this topic.Following the "Foreword" (Roy Merrills) and "Introduction" (OscarH. Gandy, Jr.), the following papers are included: "What theComing Telecommunications Infrastructure Could Meanto Our Family" (Francis D. Fisher); "Investing in the TelecommunicationsInfrastructure: Economics and Policy Considerations" (BruceL. Egan and Steven S. Wildman); "Telecommunications Infrastructureand U.S. International Competitiveness" (Jonathan Aronson); "EducationalTelecommunications Infrastructure: Ferment, Flux, and Fragmentation" (DonaldJ. Stedman and Louis A. Bransford); "Realizing the BusinessValue of National Communications Infrastructure" (Robert J. Benson);and "Telecommunications Technology and Infrastructure"(Marvin A. Sirbu). (JLB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRSare the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** 4: -` .1.4.41P14' ' U I DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION Othce of Educatniiil Research arid Improvement EDUCATIONAL. RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or orpanimition Origmategit 0 Minor changes have been made to Imp,ove raprOduction Quality 1 Points of rte., or opinions stated in that dctu- merit do not neceSsarily represent official OE RI position Or pOlity . - , "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY William J. Hingst TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATe0h CalitTaR &NCI. Institute for Information Studies Changing Our Lives in the 21st Century Annual Review of the Institute for Information Studies A Joint Program of Northern Telecom Inc. and The Aspen Institute Copyright © 1992 by the Institute for Information Studies Northern Telecom Inc. The Aspen Institute 200 Athens Way Wye Center, P.O. Box 222 Nashville, TN 37228 Queenstown, MD 21658 Published in the United States of America in 1992 by the Institute for InformationStudies All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America ISBN #0-89843-128-X The Institute for Information Studies wasestablished in 1987 by Northern Telecom in association with TheAspen Institute, a prestigious international center for the study of the humanitiesand public policy alternatives. IIS programs recognize the increasinglysimificant role and responsibility of senior executives inleveraging the information assets, as well as formulating the strategicdirection of the enterprise. Through discussions and workshops on visionand change within an organization, the program focuses on theimportance of information communication in business, and addresses theimpact of business principles on the individual, community, and society. 4 CONTENTS Foxward Roy Merrills Introduction ix Oscar H. Gandy, Jr. What the Coming Telecommunications Infrastructure Could Mean to Our Family 1 Francis D. Fisher Investing in the Telecommunications Infrastructure: Economics and Policy Considerations 19 Bruce L Egan and Steven S. Wildman Telecommunications Infrastructure and U.S. International Competitiveness 55 Jonathan Aronson Educational Telecommunications Infrastructure: Ferment, Flux, and Fragmentation 91 Donald J. Stedman and Louis A. Bransford Realizing the Business Value of National Communications Infrastructure 119 Robert J. Benson Telecommunications Technology and Infrastructure 155 Marvin A. Sirbu Acknowledgments 1S1 Ill 5 FOREWORD In the book 2020 Vision, Stan Davis and Bill Davidson state that "Infrastructures in any economy are the elementary networks thatare put in first, and upon which all subsequent economic activity depend." Examples are often given of power and transportation infrastructures built to support the industrial economy that grew so rapidly in the 20th century. As we prepare for the 21st century and the rapid growth and maturing of the information economy in which we find ourselves, what about the "information infrastructure"? In a workshop held by the National Research Council through their Board on Telecommunications and Computer Applications, the partici- pants determined that the earlier vision of affordable telephone service for all, already fundamentally achieved in the United States.can be extended to a new national policy of "affordable information for all." This new policy can be achieved through networkingour systems of business, education, and knowledge. They believe that "a strong infor- mation infrastructure within the United States is absolutely essentialto our continued success as an advanced industrialized nation," and to attain it, "a compelling vision of what we want to achieve, embracingall aspects of computers and communication, is sorely needed." It seems to be a simple rally crythe need fora National Informa- tion Communications Infrastructurewith whicheveryone can agree. The benefits described by the proponentsare broad and desirable. Availability of an enhanced information infrastructure could help address the education and health care crises. It could simplifyaccess to global networks and open the worldwide marketplace. Americanbusi- nesses of any size could be in a position to compete in any market through the strategic use of information and knowledge made available 6 vi ANNUAL REVIEW OF INSTITUTE FOR INFORMATION STUDIES 1992 via the networks. The impact of easily accessible advancedinformation services through an enhanced information infrastructure would un- doubtedly reach people on a personal individual basis, on acommunity basis, and on a professional, global business basis. Of course, goals of this magnitude are never easily attained.There are many questions that must be thoughtthr-,igh at varying levels of detail. One of the overall challenges is raised by the participantsin the National Research Council's workshop: "A high-level architecture and system plan for achieving a unifying vision is absolutelyessential, and there is no entity or process in place for its development."Developing such a system plan is no simple task. What technologiesshould be incorporated in an infrastructure'? Who will implement it? Whowill manage its complexities? Who will pay forit? It will certainly benefit all who access information throughout the world. Shall othercountries assist in its funding? How? Defining the specifications of a national information infrastructure is tremendously challenging. Can there be an overall universal gover- nance of such a network; or indeed, doeseach state have unique re- quirements in serving its own populace in urban and rural communities? Developers of infrastructure must perhaps "think nationally and act locally" since many health care and education issues define local needs. Does one attempt to define applications first and meet those require- ments; or can an infrastructure be built flexible enough toevolve to meet the requirements of applications yet unknown'? Will thepopulation shifting away from the urban metropolis follow the path of theinfra- structure and move to where the capabilities are available; orwill the population moving out create the demand randomly for a national information infrastructure? The anticipated benefits of an information communications infra- structure linking people with information, services, andknowledge in any place at any time are enormous. Thechallenges of developing and managing such an infrastruCure are equally huge. The knowledgeable, thoughtful authors who have contributed to this volume discuss the many benefits, potential disadvantages and issues in aprovocative way. Questions are raised and opinions offered in order to inspire insightful consideration regarding one of the major challenges facing all of us as leaders in our communities and in our country, as we progress through this informatior economy. 7 "7: Foreword vii The Institute for Information Studies is pleased to sponsor the research presented here. The goal of the Institutea combined effort of Northern Telecom Inc. and The Aspen Institutehas never been to offer pat solutions. Rather
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