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Cultural Survey Report Results of a Class III Cultural Resources Survey along the Silverbell Road Corridor from Grant Road to Ina Road within the City of Tucson, Town of Marana, and Unincorporated Pima County, Arizona Prepared for City of Tucson Prepared by SWCA Environmental Consultants Final Report - June 2010 RESULTS OF A CLASS III CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY ALONG THE SILVERBELL ROAD CORRIDOR FROM GRANT ROAD TO INA ROAD WITHIN THE CITY OF TUCSON, TOWN OF MARANA, AND UNINCORPORATED PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA Prepared for City of Tucson P.O. Box 27210 Tucson, Arizona 85726 Attn: Catesby Willis (520) 837-6624 Prepared by Eric S. Petersen II, Suzanne Griset, S. Jerome Hesse, David M. R. Barr, and David B. Tucker Suzanne Griset, Project Manager and Principal Investigator SWCA Environmental Consultants 343 West Franklin Street Tucson, Arizona 85726 (520) 325-9194 www.swca.com Arizona Antiquities Act Blanket Permit No. 2009-010bl SWCA Project No. 15809 SWCA Cultural Resources Report No. 09-423 December 2009 (Revised June 2010) CONTENTS Project Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ iii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1 2. SETTING AND BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 6 Environmental Setting ............................................................................................................................ 6 Geomorphic Setting ......................................................................................................................... 6 Tucson Mountains Piedmont ..................................................................................................... 7 Santa Cruz River Floodplain ................................................................................................... 10 Biotic Setting ................................................................................................................................. 11 Climate ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Culture History ..................................................................................................................................... 12 Paleoindian Period (9500–8000 B.C.) ............................................................................................ 12 Early and Middle Archaic (a.k.a. Early and Middle Preceramic Periods (8000–2000 B.C.) ......... 13 Early Agricultural (a.k.a. Late Archaic or Late Preceramic Period (2000 B.C.–A.D. 200) ............ 14 Early Ceramic Period (A.D. 200–650) ............................................................................................ 15 Hohokam (A.D. 650–1450) ............................................................................................................ 16 Protohistoric Period (A.D. 1450–ca. 1700) ..................................................................................... 19 Historic Period (A.D. 1699–1950) .................................................................................................. 19 3. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS ALONG SILVERBELL ROAD ............................................... 22 Sites within 250 Feet of the Silverbell Road Centerline ...................................................................... 26 Historical Map Research ...................................................................................................................... 29 4. METHODS, RESULTS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................... 37 Project Methods .................................................................................................................................... 37 Survey Results ...................................................................................................................................... 38 Prehistoric Sites ............................................................................................................................. 45 Historic Period Sites ...................................................................................................................... 46 Isolated Occurrences ...................................................................................................................... 47 Silverbell Archaeological District .................................................................................................. 48 NRHP Eligibility Evaluations .............................................................................................................. 51 Previously Recorded Sites ............................................................................................................. 51 Newly Recorded Sites .................................................................................................................... 51 Silverbell Archaeological District .................................................................................................. 52 NRHP Eligibility Summary ........................................................................................................... 52 Management Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 52 REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................................................ 54 i Appendices A. Previous Surveys and Recorded Sites (Confidential Information) B. Project Results Maps (Confidential Information) C. Archaeological Site Descriptions and Isolated Occurrences (Confidential Information) Figures 1.1. Project location. .................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2a. Project APE – northern portion. ......................................................................................................... 3 1.2b. Project APE – southern portion. ......................................................................................................... 4 2.1. Surficial geological map of the APE (modified from Pearthree and Biggs 1999). ............................ 9 3.1a. Historical features in and near the APE as recorded on GLO maps; northern portion, Ina Road to Camino del Cerro. ............................................................................................................... 30 3.1b. Historical features in and near the APE as recorded on GLO maps; southern portion, Camino del Cerro to Grant Road. .................................................................................................................. 31 3.2a. Location of patented lands within and near the APE; northern portion, Ina Road to Camino del Cerro. .......................................................................................................................................... 32 3.2b. Location of patented lands within and near the APE; southern portion, Camino del Cerro to Grant Road........................................................................................................................................ 33 4.1a. Areas surveyed/unsurveyed and land ownership within the northern APE...................................... 39 4.1b. Areas surveyed/unsurveyed and land ownership within the central APE. ....................................... 40 4.1c. Areas surveyed/unsurveyed and land ownership within the southern APE. .................................... 41 4.2a. Proposed Silverbell Archaeological District (northern portion). ...................................................... 49 4.2b. Proposed Silverbell Archaeological District (southern portion)....................................................... 50 Tables 2.1. Correlation of Surficial Geological Map Units Used by Katzer and Schuster (1984), Klawon et al. (1999), McKittrick (1988), and Pearthree and Biggs (1999) ..................................................... 8 3.1. Previously Conducted Archaeological Surveys within a Half-Mile Radius of the APE .................. 22 3.2. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within a Half-Mile Radius of the APE ......................... 24 3.3. Archaeological Sites Recorded within 250 feet of the Silverbell Road Centerline (listed in numeric order) .................................................................................................................................. 27 3.4. Land patents filed within and adjacent to the Silverbell Project Corridor........................................ 34 4.1. SWCA Project Results and Recommendations Listed by Site Number ........................................... 42 ii PROJECT ABSTRACT Report Title. Results of a Class III Cultural Resources Survey along the Silverbell Road Corridor from Grant Road to Ina Road within the City of Tucson, Town of Marana, and Unincorporated Pima County, Arizona Report Date. December 2009 (Revised June 2010) Agency Names. City of Tucson (COT), Pima County (County), Town of Marana (TOM), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) Permit Number. Arizona Antiquities Act Blanket Permit No. 2009-010bl Land Ownership Status. City of Tucson; Town of Marana; Pima County; Private Land Project Description. The Silverbell Road Widening Project consists
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