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Molecular Evidence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Balimo Region of Papua New Guinea
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Article Molecular Evidence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Balimo Region of Papua New Guinea Tanya Diefenbach-Elstob 1,2,*,‡, Vanina Guernier 2,†,‡, Graham Burgess 1 , Daniel Pelowa 3, Robert Dowi 3, Bisato Gula 3, Munish Puri 1, William Pomat 4, Emma McBryde 2, David Plummer 1, Catherine Rush 1,2 and Jeffrey Warner 1,2 1 College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; [email protected] (G.B.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (D.P.); [email protected] (C.R.); [email protected] (J.W.) 2 Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; [email protected] (V.G.); [email protected] (E.M.) 3 Balimo District Hospital, Balimo 336, Papua New Guinea; [email protected] (D.P.); [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (B.G.) 4 Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka 441, Papua New Guinea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] † Current address: Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Geelong 3220, Australia ‡ These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 29 January 2019; Accepted: 8 February 2019; Published: 10 February 2019 Abstract: Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a high burden of tuberculosis (TB), including drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). DR-TB has been identified in patients in Western Province, although there has been limited study outside the provincial capital of Daru. -
Submission No. 7 (Pacific Health) If
Submission No. 7 (Pacific Health) if Submission to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health and Ageing on Western Province Torres Strait: Cross Border Health Issues PURPOSE To propose a long term systemic approach to addressing health issues in Western province to reduce risks and impacts of cross border health issues on the health and well-being of Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people of the Torres Strait region. KEY POINTS The major health risks in the border area include: » Tuberculosis, including multi-drug resistant TB; • Sexually transmitted infections and HIV and AIDS; « Vector borne disease including malaria, Japanese Encephalitis and Dengue; • Immunisable diseases; and, • Avian Influenza. There is no short term "quick fix" for the health services in Western Province. A long term perspective must be taken. The level of resources to control the health issues of concern cannot be underestimated and will require a "whole of system" approach. Specifically the major challenges are: • There is no stable well functioning health centre in the Treaty Area and difficulties remain in retaining health staff in these areas; • TB is a growing problem and no major program of activity is schedule till 2010. Multi-drug resistant TB is an emerging problem in this area; « Malaria Bed Net Distribution Programs have stalled; • There are high reported rates of STIs and HIV and limited control programs; • The PNG government drugs and supply program does not ensure deliveries of essential drugs to the province; • There is no -
Human Capital in the Human Resource Management Literature...11 2.1 Introduction
‘Human Capital Analysis’ Describing the Knowledge Gap in the Financial Investment Recommendation Process Using Human Capital Analysis Burcin Hatipoglu Industrial Relations and Organisational Behavior School Of Organisation and Management The Australian School of Business University of New South Wales Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2010 Abstract Describing the Knowledge Gap in the Financial Investment Recommendation Process Using Human Capital Analysis After 2000 we have witnessed corporate collapses and at the same time a decrease in the trust in the financial investment industry. More than before, individuals are finding themselves investing in the financial markets directly or indirectly. Now, unsurprisingly, they tend to seek more accurate information about the reality that will aid them in decision making and at the same time build their trust in companies. This thesis seeks to examine the extent to which human capital information is reported by corporations to the public and the extent to which human capital information is analyzed by equity analysts in their investment recommendations in the Australian Equity Market. Knowledge sharing is making investors more knowledgeable through communications, which results in better decision making. The thesis examines separately the reporting of human capital in human resource management literature and finance and accounting literature. The human resource management and sustainability literatures establish a positive link with better human resource practices and financial results. Several different methods have been developed for measuring the value of human capital in human resource management. In the finance literature financial models that are used for estimating future company performance, derive data from financial statements. -
OK-FLY SOCIAL MONITORING PROJECT REPORT No
LOWER FLY AREA STUDY “You can’t buy another life from a store” OK-FLY SOCIAL MONITORING PROJECT REPORT No. 9 for Ok Tedi Mining Limited Original publication details: Reprint publication details: David Lawrence David Lawrence North Australia Research Unit Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Program Lot 8688 Ellengowan Drive Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Brinkin NT 0810 Australian National University ACT 0200 Australia John Burton (editor) Pacific Social Mapping John Burton (editor) 49 Wentworth Avenue Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Program CANBERRA ACT 2604 Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Australia Australian National University ACT 0200 Australia Unisearch PNG Pty Ltd Box 320 UNIVERSITY NCD Papua New Guinea May 1995 reprinted October 2004 EDITOR’S PREFACE This volume is the ninth in a series of reports for the Ok-Fly Social Monitoring Project. Colin Filer’s Baseline documentation. OFSMP Report No. 1 and my own The Ningerum LGC area. OFSMP Report No. 2, appeared in 1991. My Advance report summary for Ningerum-Awin area study. OFSMP Report No. 3, David King’s Statistical geography of the Fly River Development Trust. OFSMP Report No. 4, and the two major studies from the 1992 fieldwork, Stuart Kirsch’s The Yonggom people of the Ok Tedi and Moian Census Divisions: an area study. OFSMP Report No. 5 and my Development in the North Fly and Ningerum-Awin area study. OFSMP Report No. 6, were completed in 1993. I gave a precis of our findings to 1993 in Social monitoring at the Ok Tedi project. Summary report to mid- 1993. -
The Sukundimi Walks Before Me
THE SUKUNDIMI WALKS BEFORE ME SIX REASONS WHY THE FRIEDA RIVER MINE MUST BE REJECTED About this report This is a publication of the Jubilee Australia Research Centre and Project Sepik Principal Author: Emily Mitchell Additional Material and Editing: Luke Fletcher, Emmanuel Peni and Duncan Gabi Published 14 March 2021 The information in this report may be printed or copied for non-commercial purposes with proper acknowledgement of Jubilee Australia and Project Sepik. Contact Luke Fletcher, Jubilee Australia Research Centre E: [email protected] W: www.jubileeaustralia.org Project Sepik Project Sepik is a not-for-profit organisation based in Papua New Guinea that has been working in the Sepik region since 2016. Project Sepik advocates for the vision of a local environment with a sustained balance of life via the promotion of environmentally sustainable practices and holding to account those that are exploiting the environment. Jubilee Australia Research Centre Jubilee Australia Research Centre engages in research and advocacy to promote economic justice for communities in the Asia-Pacific region and accountability for Australian corporations and government agencies operating there. Follow Jubilee Australia on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter: @JubileeAustralia Acknowledgments Thanks to our colleagues at CELCOR, especially Mr Peter Bosip and Evelyn Wohuinangu for their comments on drafts. Thank you to Rainforest Foundation Norway for generously supporting this project. Cover image: Local village people along the Sepik River THE SAVE THE SEPIK CAMPAIGN The Save the Sepik campaign is fighting to protect the Sepik River from the Frieda River Mine. It is a collaboration between Project Sepik and Jubilee Australia Research Centre. -
PNG's Ok Tedi, Development and Environment
Parliamentary Research Service PNG's Ok Tedi, Development and Environment Paul Kay Science, Technology, Environment and Resources Group 19 September 1995 Current Issues Brief NO.4 1995-96 Contents Major Issues 1 Background to Ok Tedi 3 Discovery and Development 5 Geology and Mining 8 The Economic Impact ofOk Tedi 9 Environmental Issues 12 Legal Challenges 14 Endnotes 16 Tables Table 1 : Comparison of the Fly River with Other Recognised Systems 14 Figures Figure 1 : Ok Tedi - Locality Maps 4 Figure 2 : Original Ok Tedi Ore Body and Mount Fubilan 6 Figure 3 : Ok Tedi Locality Map 6 PNG's Ok Tedi, Development and Environment Major Issues The Ok Tedi mine commenced operations on 15 May 1984, bringing tremendous change to the Western Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG). On a national level. PNG depends on the mine for 15.6 per cent of export income, royalty and taxation payments. Regional development ofthe Western Province ofPNG has been facilitated by the Ok Tedi mine and the development ofthe mine has accrued substantial benefits to the local people. The mine has created employment and business opportunities along with education options. Through the provision of medical services, people in the mine area have experienced decreased infant mortality. a decreased incidence of malaria and an average 20 year increase in life expectancy.' Some 58 million tonnes of rock are moved each year at Ok Tedi by means of open cut mining techniques. Of this, 29.2 million tonnes of ore are recovered per annum while the remainder is overburden or associated waste. The result ofthis production is about 589000 tonnes of mineral concentrate, which is exported to markets in Asia and Europe. -
Terra Nugax and the Discovery Paradigm: How Ok Tedi Was Shaped
Terra nugax and the discovery paradigm: how Ok Tedi was shaped by the way it was found and how the rise - of political process in the North Fly took the company by surprise " John Burton The Ok Tedi litigation crisis is a topic that defies compression: at least live books Oackson 1982,1993; Browne et al. 1983; Pintz 1984; Hyndman 1994) and one PhO (Anere 1993) described the project as it was even before the crisis emerged. Before I give my version of these events, the avenues of discussion can be narrowed down considerably if common ground can be established. There has been a real crisis genera ted by the Ok Tedi mine, which was acutely feit as an environmental disaster by people in the Ok Tedi impact area predominantly, but not only, by the people of the Alice River. It was experienced by the mine operator as a threat so serious as to jeopardise the worthof continuing the project, and as corporate pain so acute to Bill,the principal shareholder and target of the court cases, that it would go to considerable lengths not to repeat them. Establishing this common ground is necessary for two reasons. First, I frequently meet people who, disagreeing with the basic facts of thecase, believe the crisis was in some way the product of mischievous forces bent on interfering with the legitimate company-government relations. Second, if the crisis was an illusion, my chapter is rendered largely worthless; if nothing happened, seeking out historical turning points and overlooked opportunities of averting crisis is not a meaning ful exereise to have undertaken. -
Consultation Document
Leaving behind a better future Porgera Joint Venture Porgera Mine Closure Consultation Document December 2002 Leaving behind a better future Porgera Mine Closure Consultation Document December 2002 CR 257_44_v3 NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Porgera Joint Venture Unisearch Limited 124 Camberwell Road P.O. Box 484 UNSW, Rupert Myers Building Hawthorn East, Victoria 3123 Mt Hagen Gate 14, Barker Street Australia Papua New Guinea Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia Tel: 61 3 9882 3555 Tel: 675 547 8200 Tel: 61 2 9385 5555 Fax: 61 3 9882 3533 Fax: 675 547 9579 Fax: 61 2 9385 6524 Published by © Porgera Joint Venture 2002 Acknowledgements: Chapter 1 Porgera Joint Venture NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Chapter 2 Porgera Joint Venture NSR Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd Chapter 3 Porgera Joint Venture Unisearch Limited Dr. Glenn Banks, with Richard Jackson, Susanne Bonnell, Gary Simpson Contents Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Proposed Process for Closure Planning and Sustainability 2 1.3 Partnerships for Sustainability 3 1.4 Stakeholders in Closure Planning and Sustainability 3 1.5 PJV’s Vision and Objectives for Mine Closure 3 1.6 Corporate Requirements 5 1.7 Regulatory Requirements and Agreements 5 1.8 Impact of Premature Closure 5 1.9 Structure of this Document 5 2. Biophysical Considerations 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Biophysical Setting 7 2.3 Biophysical Closure Issues 10 2.3.1 Public Safety and Human Health 10 2.3.2 Environmental Impacts 11 2.3.3 End Land Use and Lease Relinquishment 14 2.3.4 Small-scale Mining 17 2.4 Biophysical Components 19 2.4.1 Underground Mine and Open Pit Mine 19 2.4.2 Low-grade Ore Stockpiles 21 2.4.3 Waste Rock Dumps 22 2.4.4 Minesite Infrastructure 25 2.4.5 Satellite Infrastructure 27 3. -
BHP: Fine Words, Foul Play 23 September 2020 Introduction
BHP: fine words, foul play 23 September 2020 Introduction BHP presents itself, and is often considered by investors, as the very model of a modern mining company. Not only does it present itself as socially and environmentally responsible but now as indispensable in the efforts to save the world from climate catastrophe. Given the impacts and potential impacts of its Australian operations on Aboriginal sites and the furore over Rio Tinto’s destruction of the Juukan Gorge site earlier this year, perhaps BHP will begin to tread more carefully. It certainly needs to. This briefing summarises concerns around current and planned operations in which BHP is involved in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and the USA. LMN and our member groups work with communities or partner organisations in these five countries. Concerns include ecological and social impacts, violation of indigenous rights, mining waste disposal and the financing of clean- up. Other matters of current concern are briefly noted. At the end of the briefing are reports on three legacy cases - in Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Colombia - where BHP pulled out, leaving others to deal with the environmental destruction and social dislocation caused by its operations. LMN exists to work in solidarity with communities harmed by companies linked to London, including BHP, the world’s largest mining corporation. This briefing is intended to encourage those who finance the company to use that finance to force change, and members of the public to join us in support of communities in the frontline of the struggle to defend their rights and the integrity of the planet’s ecosystems. -
8. Negotiating Community Support for Closure Or Continuation of the Ok Tedi Mine in Papua New Guinea COLIN FILER and PHILLIPA JENKINS
8. Negotiating Community Support for Closure or Continuation of the Ok Tedi Mine in Papua New Guinea COLIN FILER AND PHILLIPA JENKINS Introduction The Ok Tedi mine has some claim to be an extreme case of a large-scale mine whose closure is beset by politics. Ever since the mine began to operate in 1984, there has been ongoing political debate about whether its operations should continue and, if so, under what conditions. At several moments in its history—in 1985, 1989, 1996, 2001, 2006 and, most recently, 2013—the Papua New Guinea (PNG) Government has been obliged to confront this question directly, and on each occasion it has come down in favour of continuation. Nevertheless, the mining company has already begun to scale down its operations in preparation for closure by 2025, if not before, because most of the ore contained in its original deposit of gold and copper has already been mined. The political significance of the choice between closure and continuation is primarily a function of the mine’s international reputation as an environmental disaster. The choice has therefore been represented as a ‘trade-off’ between environmental costs and economic benefits. In 2005, at the peak of its output, it was estimated that this one mine was responsible for 15 per cent of PNG’s gross domestic product, 229 Large-Scale Mines and Local-Level Politics 25 per cent of the country’s export revenues and roughly 20 per cent of the tax revenues raised by the PNG Government (Faulkner 2005). The environmental costs are almost impossible to calculate. -
Estimated Impact of Drought and Frost on Food Supply in Rural PNG in 2015
POLICY BRIEF 11 JANUARY 2016 Source: FAO Estimated impact of drought and frost on food supply in rural PNG in 2015 R.M. Bourke, Bryant Allen and Michael Lowe SUMMARY Since April 2015, much of rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) has been severely impacted by a severe drought and, at a number of very high altitude locations above 2200 m altitude, by repeated frosts. The El Niño drought has had a major impact on water supply in many parts of PNG, with negative impacts on school operations, women’s labour and villagers’ health. In many locations, subsistence food supply has been affected. This brief uses a wide variety of reports to assess the impact of the drought on food supply for rural villagers for the whole of PNG at the Local Level Government Area (LLGA) level. We have assembled over 200 reports, of which about 75% contained useable information on food supply. These have been generated from August to December 2015. Reports included a number of formal assessments done by the National Disaster Centre, some churches, NGOs and provincial authorities; detailed local assessments; semi-formal and casual communications; and press and social media reports. The methods used in the assessments differed to some degree. We assembled the reports in a database and allocated a five-point scale for food supply for each location. The Development Policy Centre is part of Crawford School of Public Policy at The Australian National University. We undertake analysis and promote discussion on Australian aid, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific and global development policy. In 27 of the 271 rural LLGAs, food supply from including potato. -
The West Papua Dilemma Leslie B
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2010 The West Papua dilemma Leslie B. Rollings University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Rollings, Leslie B., The West Papua dilemma, Master of Arts thesis, University of Wollongong. School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, 2010. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3276 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact Manager Repository Services: [email protected]. School of History and Politics University of Wollongong THE WEST PAPUA DILEMMA Leslie B. Rollings This Thesis is presented for Degree of Master of Arts - Research University of Wollongong December 2010 For Adam who provided the inspiration. TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION................................................................................................................................ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................... iii Figure 1. Map of West Papua......................................................................................................v SUMMARY OF ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................1