DOCSLIB.ORG

Pascal Le Masson · Benoit Weil Armand Hatchuel

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pascal Le Masson · Benoit Weil Armand Hatchuel Pascal Le Masson · Benoit Weil Armand Hatchuel Design Theory Methods and Organization for Innovation Design Theory Pascal Le Masson • Benoit Weil Armand Hatchuel Design Theory Methods and Organization for Innovation 123 Pascal Le Masson Armand Hatchuel MINES ParisTech—PSL Research MINES ParisTech—PSL Research University University Paris Paris France France Benoit Weil MINES ParisTech—PSL Research University Paris France ISBN 978-3-319-50276-2 ISBN 978-3-319-50277-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-50277-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016960189 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Acknowledgements A course manual summarizes established knowledge. This manual is no exception. However, in the field of design, this summary also required significant efforts to arrange, complete, and adapt a complex, multidisciplinary corpus to today’s chal- lenges. This manual is, therefore, the result of a research and instruction program that was launched at the School of Mines (École des Mines, today MINES ParisTech—PSL Research University) more than 20 years ago. In 1994 the Paris School of Mines created a field of study dedicated to “design theory and engi- neering”. Under this unusual name at the time, a team of professors and researchers was formed under the responsibility of Armand Hatchuel. The team consisted of Benoit Weil, Jean-Claude Sardas, and Christophe Midler, and a few years later of Pascal Le Masson as well. That program revived an old tradition of training engineers on technology and product design, all the while addressing contemporary innovation challenges. It aimed to unite the subject fields of innovation, project management, and design and, eventually, bring design sciences to a level of maturity equal to that of decision or programming sciences. Within a few years the program gained surprising momentum. The set of subject fields would progressively be organized around a single theoretical framework, the C-K theory (Hatchuel 1996; Hatchuel and Weil 2001, 2009, etc.), taught in many schools today. This program also responded to a significant need for change, namely the need to strengthen companies’ innovation capacity. These advances thus made it possible to establish valuable partnerships with multiple companies. This led to the formation of a research and instruction platform that has not ceased to grow, especially with the establishment of the Chair of Design Theory and Methods for Innovation in 2009, sponsored by five and subsequently seven companies, and renewed in 2014 with currently more than ten corporate sponsors. The theories and methods developed 20 years ago in this framework gradually enriched an already comprehensive corpus, including innovation management, innovation economy, engineering design, industrial design, as well as history, mathematics and logic, cognitive sciences, etc. They made it possible to create v vi Acknowledgements a synthetic and reasoned instruction of design theories, methods, and organization including contributions from these multiple disciplines. Many courses were thus created. Since 1999 at the School of Mines, Vincent Chapel and Benoit Weil created the Product and Innovation Design course, which was further developed later on with Pascal Le Masson. In 2007 a version of that course was developed for ParisTech doctoral students. Those corpora were also included in several other institutes, not only in engineering schools (e.g. Ponts et Chaussées, École Polytechnique, AgroParisTech, INSA, ENSAM, CNAM, etc.) but also in business schools (HEC, ESCP, Grenoble École de Management, etc.), universities (Université Paris Dauphine, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, etc.), and schools of design (Strate College, ENSCI, etc.). The courses were also adopted abroad, at Chalmers School of Entrepreneurship, Stanford, Carnegie Mellon, as well as in Delft, Tel Aviv, and Tokyo, among others. We would like to thank first and foremost the School of Mines for the support it has consistently provided to these programs from the start and to this day. We are thankful to the professors of Design curricula, and particularly to Christophe Midler (CRG, École Polytechnique) who participated from the very first day and who contributed significantly to this work. We would like to express our gratitude to Maurille Larivière for his remarkable contribution to our work with his industrial design experience. Thanks to Blanche Segrestin, Franck Aggeri, Philippe Lefebvre, and Michel Nakhla, whose contributions often served as a reference in our research. Marine Agogué, Akin Kazakçi, Sophie Hooge, Cédric Dalmasso, Mathieu Cassotti, Anaëlle Camarda, Annie Gentes, Anne-Françoise Schmid, Kevin Levillain, Olga Kokshagina, and Georges Amar, who joined the research program of the Chair a few years ago and whose work is a fundamental contribution to Design theory and psychology. We are thankful to all of our students who chose to study engineering design and whose master’s theses were sources of advancement and motivation for professors. We also wish to thank Yacine Felk, Ingi Brown, Olga Kokshagina, Pierre-Antoine Arrighi, Elsa Berthet, Frédéric Arnoux, Aytunc Ün, Hassen Ahmed, Kenza El Qaoumi, Louis-Etienne Dubois, Morgane Benade, Mario Le Glatin, Daniel Carvajal, Maxime Thomas, Agathe Gilain, Honorine Harlé, Juliette Brun, Hicham Ezzat, Kevin Levillain, Camilla Freitas-Salgueido, Laura Le Du, Milena Klasing-Chen, Fabien Jean whose theses and master’s dissertations constitute remarkable advances in Design Science and whose work contributed significantly to this book. This book, however, would not have been possible without the support of numerous partners in the companies that support the Innovative Design Theory and Methodology department. We are especially grateful to Dominique Levent, Philippe Doublet, Lomig Unger, Pascale Nays, Rémi Bastien (Renault), Dominique Laousse, Eric Conti, Jean-Jacques Thomas, Cédric Brogard (SNCF), Guillaume Lapeyronnie, Denis Bonnet, Christian Delaveau, Joseph Huysseun, Philippe Benquet (Thales), Pascal Daloz, Patrick Johnson, Anne Asensio, Manuel Gruson (Dassault Systèmes), Patrick Cogez, Jean-Luc Jaffard, Loic Liétar, Jean-Marc Chéry (ST Microelectronics), Laurent Delattre, Céline Sches, Nicolas Bréziat, Alain Acknowledgements vii Dieulin (Vallourec), Stéphane Cobo, Pierre Becquart, Paul Gardey de Soos (RATP), Denic Clodic (Ereie), Vincent Chapel and Jean-Pierre Tetaz (Helvetia), Guirec Le Lous and Hervé Le Lous (Vivasanté), Anne Bion, Isabelle, Michel and Adeline Lescanne (Nutriset-Onyx). Guillaume Bulin, Michel Comes, Gilles Dussault, Bernard Marmann, Thierry Pardessus, Axel Flaig, Alain Fontaine (Airbus). The courses benefited greatly from the experience of consultants who deployed these methods: Yvon Bellec (TAKT) who was the first to embark on the KCP adventure, Patrick Morin, and Patrick Corsi, Dominique Lafon, Fred Arnoux, Benjamin Duban and all the teams of TAKT and STIM. For agreeing to give lectures and share their experience with our students, we wish to thank Jean-Hervé Poisson (Renault), Nils Saclier (Renault), Bernard Vaudeville (T/E/S/S), Simon Aubry (T/E/S/S), Yves Parlier (Beyond the Sea), Marc Maurer (Saint-Gobain), Jean Schmitt (Jolt Capital), Hervé This (INRA), Benjamin Duban, Charlotte Leleu (Regimbeau), Philippe Picaud (Carrefour), François Pouilloux and Stéphanie Jacquemont (Ixxo), Guillaume Bulin and Thoerry Pardessus (Airbus), Patrick Cogez (ST Microelectronics). For their work and their stimulating discussions with us we owe much to many researchers in various fields: Olivier Houdé (Sorbonne), Albert David (Université Paris dauphine), Gilles Garel (CNAM), Sylvain Lenfle (CRG, Ecole Polytechnique), Olivier Hirt (ENSCI), Patrick Llerena (Beta Université de Strasbourg), Patrick Cohendet and Laurent Simon (HEC Montréal), Susanne Ollila, Maria Elmquist, Tobias Fredberg, Anna Yström and Mats Lundqvist (Chalmers University), Carliss Baldwin (Harvard Business School), Victor Seidel (University of Oxford), Alan Mac Cormack (MIT), Rafael Ramirez (University of Oxford), Annabelle Gawer (Imperial College), Francesco Zirpoli (University Ca’Foscari de Venise), Markus Becker (University of Southern Denmark), Franck Piller (Aachen RWTH), Yoram Reich (Tel Aviv University), Ade
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Visions of Electric Media Electric of Visions
    TELEVISUAL CULTURE Roberts Visions of Electric Media Ivy Roberts Visions of Electric Media Television in the Victorian and Machine Ages Visions of Electric Media Televisual Culture Televisual culture encompasses and crosses all aspects of television – past, current and future – from its experiential dimensions to its aesthetic strategies, from its technological developments to its crossmedial extensions. The ‘televisual’ names a condition of transformation that is altering the coordinates through which we understand, theorize, intervene, and challenge contemporary media culture. Shifts in production practices, consumption circuits, technologies of distribution and access, and the aesthetic qualities of televisual texts foreground the dynamic place of television in the contemporary media landscape. They demand that we revisit concepts such as liveness, media event, audiences and broadcasting, but also that we theorize new concepts to meet the rapidly changing conditions of the televisual. The series aims at seriously analyzing both the contemporary specificity of the televisual and the challenges uncovered by new developments in technology and theory in an age in which digitization and convergence are redrawing the boundaries of media. Series editors Sudeep Dasgupta, Joke Hermes, Misha Kavka, Jaap Kooijman, Markus Stauff Visions of Electric Media Television in the Victorian and Machine Ages Ivy Roberts Amsterdam University Press Cover illustration: ‘Professor Goaheadison’s Latest,’ Fun, 3 July 1889, 6. Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden
    [Show full text]
  • V6-#8/August 04
    NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 2016 Reprinted with permission from IMSA. www.IMSAsafety.org Journal IMSA Back to the future with imsa’s most famous member 100 Years Later, Thomas Edison’s Experiments With Batteries Are Keeping the Power On at Intelligent Transportation Systems Across North America By Daniel Sisson, VP Research & Development/ Co-founder of ZincFive, Inc. I.A.M.E. member, Thomas Alva Edison. PHOTO CREDIT: U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, THOMAS EDISON NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK. In the movie, Back to the Future, time traveler Marty McFly forever altering the way the world communicates: the incan- proclaims, “If you put your mind to it, you can accomplish descent light bulb (1879), phonograph (1877, “Mary Had a Lit- anything.” That can-do attitude is woven throughout the 120 tle Lamb” were the first words recorded), quadruplex telegraph year history of the International Municipal Signal Association (1874, allowed four separate signals to be transmitted on a and now, with the drive toward intelligent transportation sys- single wire), phonograph cylinder (1877) and a version of the tems. This is one of those exciting pivot-point moments in film projector (1888, the kinetograph and kinetoscope). transportation history. We’re turning all the buzz words — The five-year-old I.A.M.E. was prolific, too. Members met automated vehicles, connected highways and vehicle-to-infra- annually in the New York area, discussing products and equip- structure communications — into really cool innovations and ment and sharing best procedures for construction and main- IMSA is playing a big role. tenance of signal systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Edison, His Life and Inventions by Frank Lewis Dyer and Thomas Commerford Martin</H1>
    Edison, His Life and Inventions by Frank Lewis Dyer and Thomas Commerford Martin Edison, His Life and Inventions by Frank Lewis Dyer and Thomas Commerford Martin Scanned by Charles Keller with OmniPage Professional OCR software EDISON HIS LIFE AND INVENTIONS BY FRANK LEWIS DYER GENERAL COUNSEL FOR THE EDISON LABORATORY AND ALLIED INTERESTS AND THOMAS COMMERFORD MARTIN EX-PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS page 1 / 1.189 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. THE AGE OF ELECTRICITY II. EDISON'S PEDIGREE III. BOYHOOD AT PORT HURON, MICHIGAN IV. THE YOUNG TELEGRAPH OPERATOR V. ARDUOUS YEARS IN THE CENTRAL WEST VI. WORK AND INVENTION IN BOSTON VII. THE STOCK TICKER VIII. AUTOMATIC, DUPLEX, AND QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPHY IX. THE TELEPHONE, MOTOGRAPH, AND MICROPHONE X. THE PHONOGRAPH XI. THE INVENTION OF THE INCANDESCENT LAMP XII. MEMORIES OF MENLO PARK XIII. A WORLD-HUNT FOR FILAMENT MATERIAL XIV. INVENTING A COMPLETE SYSTEM OF LIGHTING XV. INTRODUCTION OF THE EDISON ELECTRIC LIGHT XVI. THE FIRST EDISON CENTRAL STATION XVII. OTHER EARLY STATIONS--THE METER XVIII. THE ELECTRIC RAILWAY XIX. MAGNETIC ORE MILLING WORK XX. EDISON PORTLAND CEMENT XXI. MOTION PICTURES XXII. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDISON STORAGE BATTERY XXIII. MISCELLANEOUS INVENTIONS page 2 / 1.189 XXIV. EDISON'S METHOD IN INVENTING XXV. THE LABORATORY AT ORANGE AND THE STAFF XXVI. EDISON IN COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURE XXVII. THE VALUE OF EDISON'S INVENTIONS TO THE WORLD XXVIII. THE BLACK FLAG XXIX. THE SOCIAL SIDE OF EDISON APPENDIX LIST OF UNITED STATES PATENTS FOREIGN PATENTS INDEX INTRODUCTION PRIOR to this, no complete, authentic, and authorized record of the work of Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Alva Edison (1847 – 1931)
    1 THOMAS ALVA EDISON (1847 – 1931) About the man, his live, work, businesses, products and achievements Introduction A lot of books were published about Thomas Edison and the internet is full with articles about him (a simple Google search 'Thomas Edison' provides 65,000,000 responses…). What can I add to this? Well, it is noteworthy that in the literature about Edison there is very little talk about telegraphy (this is also the case with Lars Ericsson). The scope of this article is by definition focused on the domain of telegraphy, so I can shine here some light on this aspect. My main source is the fantastic book: THE PAPERS OF THOMAS A. EDISON, Volume 1, from 1989 (see my reference [1]). And my second source is the Wikipedia article that you can find via [2]. The book, the first part of a series of seven, deals with the period from his birth to 1873. I bought that part at the time because it goes very deeply (about 700 pages) into the period in which Edison focused almost exclusively on telegraphy. Of Edison’s telegraphs only one model is well known to collectors: the Universal Stock Printer (from 1873). The much later Self Winding Stock Ticker (from 1902) although very often attributed to Thomas Edison, is not at all one of his design. I am explaining this in detail in chapter 2.4.1. In PART 2 I will show, via a number of illustrations and comments, some of those that once were in my collection. But below I will also briefly mention the various other telegraph receivers and related apparatus that he has designed and commercialized, but of which, to my knowledge, only a few are in the possession of collectors.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Gears: the Birth of American Industry
    Changing Gears: The Birth of American Industry September 21-November 18, 2012 Teacher Resource Guide Lorenzo Cultural Center 44575 Garfield Rd. Clinton Twp., MI, 48038-1139 586.445.7348 1. Reprinted with Permission Changing Gears: The Birth of American Industries Lorenzo Cultural Center, September 21 – November 18, 2012 EXHIBIT INTRODUCTION During a visit to Changing Gears: The Birth of American Industry at the Lorenzo Cultural Center students will explore the country’s emergence as an international superpower against the backdrop of great social and technological change. This packet of information is designed to assist teachers in making the most of their students’ visit to the Lorenzo Cultural Center. Contained in this packet are: 1. An outline of the exhibit 2. Facts, information, and activities related to Changing Gears 3. Lesson plans related to Changing Gears 4. A resource list with websites, addresses, and information 2. Reprinted with Permission Changing Gears: The Birth of American Industries Lorenzo Cultural Center, September 21 – November 18, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 2 Exhibit Floor Plan 4 Part I: Exhibit Outline 5 Part II: Timeline of Changing Gears 6 Part III: Background Information 12 Part IV: Lesson Plans for the Classroom Was There an Industrial Revolution? 32 New Workplace, New Technology, New Consumers The Transcontinental Railroad 37 Mining in Michigan 43 Making Log Marks 47 Tesla: How Do We Convert Mechanical Energy 50 Into Electrical Energy? A House Divided: Reconstruction 53 Part V: Other Resources 55 3. Reprinted with Permission Changing Gears: The Birth of American Industries Lorenzo Cultural Center, September 21 – November 18, 2012 EXHIBIT FLOOR PLAN 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Edison Birthplace Museum in Milan, Ohio, Provides a Short History and Lists Edison’S Inventions
    TEACHER’S GUIDE TEACHER’S GUIDE TEACHER’S GUIDE • Have the students keep a diary of their activities for one day,noting each Suggested Internet Resources time they use an invention created or developed by Edison. Have them Periodically, Internet Resources are updated on our Web site at explain how their day might have been different if they had lived in a www.LibraryVideo.com time before these inventions were available. • www.nps.gov/edis • Ask the students to reflect on Edison’s claim that his growing deafness This is the National Park Service’s Web page on the Edison National made him a better inventor because it tended to isolate him, thereby Historic Site in West Orange, New Jersey, where Edison maintained his research and development laboratory. making him concentrate more on his work. Obtain or have students get some form of ear protection (headphones, plugs). Designate an appro- • www.tomedison.org priate time that students could wear them for a few minutes within your This site, maintained by the Thomas Edison Birthplace Museum in Milan, Ohio, provides a short history and lists Edison’s inventions. classroom.Ask students to report to the class how the loss of hearing affected their ability to concentrate on schoolwork as well as communi- • www.edisonkids.com/heroexb/main.htm cate with others. Professor Kilowatt invites students to learn more about some of the world’s “energy heroes.” • Edison regularly invited newspaper reporters to his Menlo Park labora- tory to demonstrate his new inventions and to reveal his plans for the Suggested Print Resources future.
    [Show full text]
  • The Edison Tower at a Glance
    THE EDISON TOWER AT A GLANCE Marking cIte of Edison's Menlo Park activities, 1S7G-1SS6 Tola] h e i g h t ......................................................1 SI ft. 4 in. Concrete s t r u c t u r e .......................................... 117 ft. S in. Incandescent lamp r e p l ic a .............................. IS f t 8 in. ComprL d of amber tinted Pyrex glass . 2 in. thick Made w i t h .......................................... ...... 153 pieces Weight of g l a s s ................................................ S 1c.ns ( Total light capacity.......................................... 9500 watts i Tower condriieted in ..................................... 8 months Tower required . 1C00 l>arrels Edison Portland cement Tower r e q u i r e d ................................................50 tons steel Commemorating lire invention of the Crst practical iriran- d. s.'/ nt lamp is the huge lamp surmounting the Tower Commemorating invention of the world’s first sound repro­ ducing machine -Edison Phonograph Eight loud speakers, 150 foot radius Four wide-range loud speakers Heavy duty amplifiers and controls Transcription turntable for reproducing all tvpcs of records The Tower complete gift of \\ illiam Slocum Barslow To The Thomas Alva EdssoD Foundation Incorporated In behalf of Edison Pioneers All lighting of the Tower is a gift from the Public Service Electric and Gas Company of New Jersey Built June-Dectmber, 1937 Dedicated February 11, 1938 j Massena A DuPont, Architects j Louis H. Doane, Consulting Engineer Walter Kidde Constructors, Inc., Buildexs Giant Damp made by Corning Glass Works Sound System, RCA-Yictor.insU-dled by William C. Kelly, Jr. t Tower Winter Hours M o n d a y Closed Tue s d a y C l o s e d ■Wednesday 1:00 - 3 :30 T h u r s d a y 1:00 - 3:30 F r i d a y 1:00 - 3:30 S a t u r d a y 1:00 - 4:00 Su n d a y 1:00 - 4:00' Edison Twp.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Was Thomas Alva Edison?
    www.diako.ir Who Was Thomas Alva Edison? www.diako.ir Who Was Thomas Alva Edison? By Margaret Frith Illustrated by John O’Brien Grosset & Dunlap www.diako.ir For David, ever curious—M.F. For Linda—J.O. www.diako.ir GROSSET & DUNLAP Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi-110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England The scanning, uploading, and distribution of this book via the Internet or via any other means without the permission of the publisher is illegal and punishable by law. Please purchase only electronic editions and do not participate in or encourage electronic piracy of copyrighted materials. Your support of the author’s rights is appreciated. Text copyright © 2005 by Margaret Frith. Illustrations copyright © 2005 by John O’Brien. Cover illustration copyright © 2005 by Nancy Harrison. All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Edison (1847–1931) Biography with Special Reference to X-Rays
    NOWOTWORY Journal of Oncology 2016, volume 66, number 6, 499–507 DOI: 10.5603/NJO.2016.0089 © Polskie Towarzystwo Onkologiczne ISSN 0029–540X History of oncology www.nowotwory.edu.pl Thomas Edison (1847–1931) Biography with special reference to X-rays Richard F. Mould This article is a brief biography of the American inventor Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931) with special reference to his involvement with X-rays. His work involved the invention of the phonograph, the design of an electric power plant, an electric railway, the incandescent light bulb, a fluoroscope, and motion pictures. Selected quotations attributed to Edison complete this biography of this remarkable inventor who took out a total of 1,093 American patents. NOWOTWORY J Oncol 2016; 66, 6: 499–507 Key words: Thomas Edison, X-rays, family genealogy, phonograph, carbon microphone, Menlo Park, incandescent lamps, electric power distribution, electric railway, motion pictures, Clarence Dally, X-ray lamp, neuroradiology, first X-ray photograph in USA, Roentgen mania, fluoroscope, World War I Introduction Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931), Figure 1, is one of the greatest inventors who ever lived, and certainly the most prolific. Oncologists and medical physicists will have heard of his work with fluorescent materials, including the design of his fluoroscope, and the death of his laboratory assistant Clarence Dally: the first radiation martyr. Edison took out 1,093 US patents, (and 1,239 overseas patents) including those relating to the phonograph, improvements to the incandescent light bulb and the carbon granule microphone as an improvement for Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone. He invented a system for generating and distributing elec- tricity and designed the first power plant and produced the first talking motion pictures.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Edison 1 Thomas Edison
    Thomas Edison 1 Thomas Edison Thomas Edison "Genius is one percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration." – Thomas Alva Edison, Harper's Monthly (September 1932) Born Thomas Alva EdisonFebruary 11, 1847Milan, Ohio, United States Died October 18, 1931 (aged 84)West Orange, New Jersey, United States Occupation Inventor, scientist, businessman Religion Deist Spouse Mary Stilwell (m. 1871–1884) Mina Miller (m. 1886–1931) Children Marion Estelle Edison (1873–1965) Thomas Alva Edison Jr. (1876–1935) William Leslie Edison (1878–1937) Madeleine Edison (1888–1979) Charles Edison (1890–1969) Theodore Miller Edison (1898–1992) Parents Samuel Ogden Edison, Jr. (1804–1896) Nancy Matthews Elliott (1810–1871) Relatives Lewis Miller (father-in-law) Signature Thomas Edison 2 Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor, scientist, and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park" (now Edison, New Jersey) by a newspaper reporter, he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.[1] Birthplace of Thomas Edison Edison is considered one of the most prolific inventors in history, holding 1,093 US patents in his name, as well as many patents in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. He is credited with numerous inventions that contributed to mass communication and, in particular, telecommunications. These included a stock ticker, a mechanical vote recorder, a battery for an electric car, electrical power, recorded music and motion pictures.
    [Show full text]
  • Edison's Electric Light
    PROPERTY OF UBRARV DIVJSON OF CULTURAL RESOURCES NARO DtS.oO9 Casia 4-ooao$ EDISONS ELECTRIC LIGHT Biography of an Invention by Robert Friedel and Paul Israel with contributions by Bernard Finn Park History Study Edison National Historic Site West Orange New Jersey 9c3.j3 PREFACE This document is the product of study commissioned by the U.S National Park Services Edison National Historic Site It owes its inspiration as well as material support to the staff of the Site and it the Site in is the authors hope that this study will prove useful to carrying out its work in interpreting and preserving the historic resources of the Edison laboratory in West Orange New Jersey The effort represented by this study was very much cooperative enterprise both among the authors themselves and among number of institutions The many months of intensive research in the Edison archives at West Orange was the work of Paul Israel whose rapid and thorough mastery of the documentation of the invention of the electric light provided to this project from the beginning to the end the most critical elements of sound historical scholarship The impetus for our efforts was provided initially by Bernard Finn whose enthusiasm encouragement and material support have remained essential to our work no less so than his written contribvtions represented by the essays labeled inserts No project of this kind extending as it has over period of time could have proceeded successfully without the generous assistance of many individuals only few of whom can be named and thanked here
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Edison— the Inventor of the Idea of Inventing Column by Jim Rue
    Thomas Edison— the Inventor of the Idea of Inventing Column By Jim Rue “Many of life’s failures are people who did not realize how close stationmaster from being run over by a rolling freight car. In gratitude, they were to success when they gave up.” the stationmaster took it upon himself to teach young Edison the craft ~ Thomas Edison of telegraphy, a highly prized skill at the time. Edison learned the tech- nology and Morse code, and within a year he was a telegraph operator. homas Alva Edison was a prolific inventor. Undisputed He left his home in Port Huron to seek employment. He was sixteen. originator of the light bulb, phonograph, motion pictures, Morse code was an arcane skill. There was a war, and information T dictation and mimeograph machines, the tattoo gun, the type- was at a premium. Telegraphers were in the greatest demand. For the writer and stock ticker, the alkaline battery, and arguably the inventor next five years until he was twenty, Edison drifted through the of the electrical distribution system, he was granted over 1000 patents Midwest, working as a telegrapher wherever he landed. He also mas- over the course of a lifetime. Many of his technological advances are tered the equipment of telegraphy, and began experimenting with still very much in use today. improvements to the technology. He was a ferocious competitor as well and filled dozens of volumes In 1868 he moved to the Boston area to become an inventor. He with lawsuits against other inventors for patent infringement. He was worked at Western Union as a telegrapher and took classes at Boston also a workaholic of the highest water.
    [Show full text]