Vladimir Nikolayevich Ipatieff Sesquicentennial Celebration
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The Great War, the Russian Civil War, and the Invention of Big Science
Science in Context 15(2), 239–275 (2002). Copyright © Cambridge University Press DOI: 10.1017/S0269889702000443 Printed in the United Kingdom The Great War, the Russian Civil War, and the Invention of Big Science Alexei Kojevnikov Department of History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Institute of the History of Science and Technology of the Academy of Sciences, Moscow. E-mail: [email protected] Argument The revolutionary transformation in Russian science toward the Soviet model of research started even before the revolution of 1917. It was triggered by the crisis of World War I, in response to which Russian academics proposed radical changes in the goals and infrastructure of the country’s scientific effort. Their drafts envisioned the recognition of science as a profession separate from teaching, the creation of research institutes, and the turn toward practical, applied research linked to the military and industrial needs of the nation. The political revolution and especially the Bolshevik government that shared or appropriated many of the same views on science, helped these reforms materialize during the subsequent Civil War. By 1921, the foundation of a novel system of research and development became established, which in its most essential characteristics was similar to the U.S. later phenomenon known as “big science.” Those who watched Russian industry perform during the first months of the Great European War could not escape the conclusion that the country’s degree of economic, industrial, and scientific dependence upon Germany was intolerable and bordered on the colonial. This situation should not have been surprising in high technology fields, such as machines and chemicals, where less than 50 per cent of the needed products were manufactured in Russia (Grinevetskiy 1922, 33). -
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Alkynes
University of Michigan new functional groups. (3) Developing novel routes for functionalizing readily available organic building blocks DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY such as alkenes and alkynes. (4) Exploring the reduc- tive coupling of aldehydes and alkynes or enones and ORGANIC CHEMISTRY alkynes. Recent studies have demonstrated strategies involving redox isomerization to avoid the use of reduc- Graduate Program ing agents in processes of this type. (5) The discovery of new glycosylation methods and their application in collaborative projects involving enzymatic C-H oxida- tion reactions. Traditional Synthetic Novel C–H Bond Approach Functionalization Approach Fluorinated amino acids can be used to make super-stable “Tef- O O N O NH N lon” proteins; here the interior of a small protein is packed with the Michigan offers a diverse selection of research oppor- 2 Br 1. Br cat. PdII fluorous amino acid hexafluoroleucine (Marsh). O N tunities in Organic Chemistry with particular strengths Y Y Y N 2. NH3/MeOH Oxidant–X in Organometallic Chemistry, Organic Synthesis, Bioor- X X H 3. CH3I ganic Chemistry, and Organic Materials. Our innovative treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer. (3) Anti-anxiety research rotation program allows students to explore Anti-convulsant Developing and applying chemical tools to study a range of exciting possibilities before choosing an Palladium-catalyzed C-H functionalization of an arene (Sanford). the role of oxidants as signaling molecules and the advisor. Specific research projects in each area are biological basis of aging. (4) Elucidating catalytic highlighted below. mechanisms and essential active site features of me- talloenzymes and ribozymes, including protein farnes- Organic Synthesis yltransferase, UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAC deacetylase, his- R3 H tone deacetylase and ribonuclease P. -
“…I Want to Have Freedom of Research; Otherwise, I Will Be Limited in My Work”
A Good Journal for Inquisitive People Th ere is no room 1 (48) scfh.ru/en/ in ancient history 1 2018 so far for the army of stone horsemen pertifi ed SCIENCE on the slopes First Hand of the Pir Panjal THE LIFE mountain range, OF A CHEMIST Himalayas № 1 (48) 2018 RIDERS LOST IN THE HIMALAYAS SELECTION In June 2017, this was the site OF THE BEST of a Russian-Indian FRIEND archaeological expedition launched to find and describe stone horses, enigmatic statues “…I want to have A GARDEN BORN lost in these remote areas BY INSPIRATION of the western Lesser Himalayas freedom of research; otherwise, I will be limited in my work” 9 772310 3000024 78 2018 1. popular science journal IN THIS ISSUE: Vladimir Ipatieff, the inventor of technology for the production of polyethylene and high-octane gasoline, was called in 1937 the Man of the Year in the USA and deprived of academic title and citizenship in the USSR There is no room in ancient history so far for the army of stone horsemen pertified on the slopes of the Pir Panjal mountain range, Himalayas The publisher of Science will donate several thousand copies of the book about the Siberian experiment on fox domestication as a gift to the American schools Meditation prevents the shortening of the telomeres which protect the chromosomes from damage during cell division Even a trivial dandelion from the Bonsai Park has an extraordinary story to tell: the creator of this living collection found it at the other end of the world – up in the Andes! A Journal for Inquisitive People “The natural desire Editorial -
Keynote and Plenary Speakers Speaker Biographies
AIChE Midwest Regional Conference March 13-14, 2018 – Chicago, IL Keynote and Plenary Speakers Tuesday, March 13, 2018 Jim Rekoske, Chief Technology Officer, UOP/Honeywell 8:15-9:30am – Sponsored by: Refining & Petrochemical Processing Russell A. Ogle, Principal Engineer, Exponent 12:45-1:45pm – Sponsored by: Process Safety and Occupational Health Christopher W. Jones, Professor and Associate Vice President for Research, Georgia Tech 12:45-1:45pm – Sponsored by: Catalysis & Reaction Engineering Wednesday, March 14, 2018 John A. Rodgers, Professor, Northwestern University 8:15-9:30am – Sponsored by: Biomedical, Pharmaceutical & Nano-Engineering Thomas Foust, Director, National Bioenergy Center, NREL 8:15-9:30am – Sponsored by: Energy and Sustainability Kimberly Grey, Professor and Chair, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University 12:45-1:45pm – Sponsored by: Environmental Compliance & Remediation Doraiswami Ramkrishna, Distinguished Professor, Purdue University 6:30-7:30pm – Sponsored by: Process Engineering, Modeling, Optimization & Control and Fluid Properties, Fluid Dynamics & Transport Phenomena and Process Engineering, Modeling, Optimization & Control Speaker Biographies Tuesday Morning Keynote: 8:15 AM March 13, 2018 Jim Rekoske, Chief Technology Officer, UOP/Honeywell Presentation Title (tentative): Light Hydrocarbon Conversion Chemistry Challenges in an Era of Abundant Supply of Raw Material Biographical Sketch: Jim Rekoske is Vice President and Chief Technology Officer at UOP Honeywell. In this role, he is responsible for the entire technology organization, ranging from basic and applied research on new materials, catalysts, membranes and adsorbents through to process development, scale-up and commercialization. Previously, Jim served as Technical Director for Petrochemical Catalysts, Director of Technology for Universal Pharma Technologies and Vice President & General Manager of UOP’s Renewable Energy & Chemicals business unit. -
Document 4. Memòria D'activitats 2019
MEMÒRIA D’ACTIVITATS FUNDACIÓ INSTITUT CATALÀ D’INVESTIGACIÓ QUÍMICA ANY 2019 Memòria d’Activitats ICIQ 2019 2 Memòria d’Activitats ICIQ 2019 Sumari 1. L’Institut – visió general ......................................................................................................... 5 2. Governança i organització ..................................................................................................... 6 2.1. Governança .............................................................................................................. 6 2.2. Organització ............................................................................................................. 8 2.3. Àrea de Recerca ..................................................................................................... 11 3. Recursos humans ................................................................................................................. 16 3.1. Pla de formació ...................................................................................................... 18 4. Resultats de recerca ............................................................................................................ 21 4.1. Publicacions científiques ........................................................................................ 21 4.1.1. Anàlisi bibliomètric .................................................................................. 21 4.1.2. Publicacions en portades o contraportades de revistes ......................... 26 4.2. Recerca destacada ................................................................................................ -
NACS Newsletter
Matt Neurock is the recipient of the 2015 Robert Burwell Club News Lectureship in Catalysis 24th NAM June 14-19, 2015 Club Directory NACS Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Newsletter VOLUME XLIX, ISSUE 2 WWW.NACATSOC.ORG Back to Cover NACS Newsletter National Officers: President - one or more areas in the field of cataly- routes that prevail at the high surface Enrique Iglesia, University of Matt Neurock is the recipi- California-Berkeley; Vice- sis with emphasis on discovery and un- coverages relevant to catalytic practice, President - Bruce R. Cook,BP ent of the 2015 Robert Bur- Products NA, Inc.; Secretary - derstanding of catalytic phenomena, Hong-Xin Li, Zeolyst Internation- the direct participation of protic media al; Treasurer - C. Y. Chen, Chev- well Lectureship in Catalysis catalytic reaction mechanisms and as a co-catalyst, and the role of acid- ron Energy Technology Co.; Lead Trustee - Thomas F. identification and description of cata- base sites formed by hydroxyl interme- Degnan, University of Notre Dame; Communications Director lytic sites and species. diates on metals. His effective collabo- - Edrick Morales, Sasol Chemi- am pleased to an- cals (USA) LLC; Archivist - Uschi nounce that Professor Professor Matthew Neurock is be- rations with experimental groups have Graham, Topasol LLC. I ing recognized for his seminal contribu- led to fundamental and practical in- Club Representatives: Canada - Matthew Neurock of the Josephine Hill, University of tions to the development and applica- sights into the mechanisms of alkane Calgary; Chicago - Christopher L. University of Minnesota is Marshall, Argonne National La- the recipient of the2015 tion of theoretical and computational activation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, boratory; Mexico - José Antonio de los Reyes, Universidad Au- Robert Burwell Lecture- methods to elucidate catalytic mecha- selective oxidation and hydrogenation tonoma Metropolitana, Campus Iztapalapa; Michigan - Eric ship in Catalysis of the nisms and the active sites involved. -
Ruthenium-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Coordinated with N-Heterocyclic
Ruthenium-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Coordinated with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Synthesis and Applications Thesis by John Philip Morgan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2002 (Submitted September 12, 2002) ii 2002 John Philip Morgan All Rights Reserved iii To my family and my friends, I’d never be here if you weren’t there. iv “No matter where you go, there you are.” — Buckaroo Banzai, as told to Earl Mac Rausch [The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy is superior to this thesis in two respects.] “First, it is slightly cheaper; and second, it has the words DON’T PANIC inscribed in large, friendly letters on its cover.” — Douglas Adams v Chapter 0: A Concise Synthesis of the Cocktail “Peter’s Catalyst” Experimental Section. General. All materials were used as obtained from the Athenaeum, Vons, or Ralph’s. “Cranberry juice” may refer to any “cocktail” preparation. “Grapefruit juice” may also be a “cocktail” preparation, but not a “sour mix.” Visual spectroscopy is used to estimate color of final preparation. Synthesis of “Peter’s Catalyst” (Compound 1). A clean, dry whisky glass is charged with ice (3-5 cubes), grapefruit juice (1 oz., 1 equiv.), cranberry juice (4 shots, approximately 2 equiv.), blue curacaó (0.5 shot, 0.25 equiv.), and vodka (1- 2 shots, 0.5-1.0 eq. to taste). The reaction mixture is stirred briefly until the color is homogeneous (5 s). An additional aliquot of cranberry juice is added until the reaction mixture has achieved a dark purplish color. -
When Chemical Reactors Were Admitted and Earlier Roots of Chemical Engineering
When Chemical Reactors Were Admitted And Earlier Roots of Chemical Engineering 9 Biographical sketch of L. E. ‘Skip’ Scriven L. E. 'Skip' Scriven is Regents' Professor and holder of the L E Scriven Chair of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science at the University of Minnesota. He is a Fellow of the Minnesota Supercomputer Institute, founded the Coating Process Fundamentals Program, and now co-leads it with Professor Lorraine F. Francis. He is distinguished for pioneering researches in several areas of fluid mechanics, interfacial phenomena, porous media and surfactant technologies, and the recently emerged field of coating science and engineering. He promoted close interactions with industry by showing how good theory, incisive experimental techniques, and modern computer-aided mathematics can be combined to solve industrial processing problems. He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, received a Ph.D. from the University of Delaware, and was a research engineer with Shell Development Company for four years before joining the University of Minnesota. He received the AIChE Allan P. Colburn Award four decades ago, the William H. Walker Award two decades ago, the Tallmadge Award in 1992, and the Founders Award in 1997. He has also been honored by the University of Minnesota and the American Society for Engineering Education for outstanding teaching. He has co-advised or advised many undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral research students, including over 100 Ph.D.’s. Elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1978, he has served on several U.S. national committees setting priorities for chemical engineering and materials science research. In 1990-92 he co-chaired the National Research Council's Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, and in 1994-97 he served on the governing Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications. -
CHEMICAL HERITAGE FOUNDATION GEORGE A. OLAH Transcript
CHEMICAL HERITAGE FOUNDATION GEORGE A. OLAH Transcript of an Interview Conducted by James G. Traynham and Arnold Thackray at Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Los Angeles, California on 3 February 2000 (With Subsequent Corrections and Additions) This interview has been designated as Free Access. One may view, quote from, cite, or reproduce the oral history with the permission of CHF. Please note: Users citing this interview for purposes of publication are obliged under the terms of the Chemical Heritage Foundation Oral History Program to credit CHF using the format below: George A. Olah, interview by James G. Traynham and Arnold Thackray at Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, 3 February 2000 (Philadelphia: Chemical Heritage Foundation, Oral History Transcript # 0190). Chemical Heritage Foundation Oral History Program 315 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106 GEORGE A. OLAH 1927 Born in Budapest, Hungary, on 22 May Education 1945 B.S., organic chemistry, Technical University, Budapest 1949 Ph.D., organic chemistry, Technical University, Budapest Professional Experience Technical University, Budapest, Hungary 1949-1954 Assistant Professor to Associate Professor of Organic Chemistry Hungarian Academy of Sciences 1954-1956 Head of Department of Organic Chemistry and Associate Scientific Director of Central Research Institute The Dow Chemical Company 1957-1964 Senior Research Scientist Case Western Reserve University 1965-1967 Professor and Chairman, Department of Chemistry 1967-1969 Chairman of Combined Departments of Chemistry (Case Institute and Western Reserve University) 1967-1977 C. F. Mabery Distinguished Professor of Research in Chemistry University of Southern California 1977-1977 Professor of Chemistry and Scientific Director, Hydrocarbon Research Institute 1980-present Distinguished Professor of Chemistry 1983-present Donald P. -
2002 Issue 3
The North American Catalysis Society NEWSLETTER December, 2002 http://www.nacatsoc.org Vol. XXXVI No. 3 Emmett Award to Francisco Zaera The Paul H. Emmett Award in Fundamental Catalysis to Professor Francisco Zaera of the University of California at Riverside, USA. The award is sponsored by the Davison Chemical Division of W.R. Grace and Company. The Award is intended to recognize and encourage individual contributions (under the age of 45) in the field of catalysis with emphasis on discovery and understanding of catalytic phenomena, proposal of catalytic reaction mechanisms and identification of and description of catalytic sites and species. Professor Zaera’s main interests lie with the study of mechanisms of surface reactions by using modern surface- sensitive techniques. He is noted for bridging the knowledge on surface reactions with that of organometallic systems and for his extension of kinetic theories to reactions on surfaces. His nominators commented that he has placed particular emphasis on making a connection between the atomic details of surface reactions and heterogeneous catalytic processes. While most surface kinetic concepts have been recognized for some time, Francisco is credited with quantifying the kinetic consequences of these effects by a variety of surface science techniques to rationalize the rates observed in model systems and correlate them with practical heterogeneous catalysis rates. He has been given credit for unequivocally establishing that most hydrocarbon processing catalysts are covered with a carbonaceous layer during the catalytic process. By performing isotope labeling experiments and using vibrational spectroscopy and molecular beam studies, Professor Zaera determined that those deposits are not direct intermediates in hydrogenation-dehydrogenation steps, but rather an play an indirect role by tempering the high activity of the metal surfaces and providing a reservoir for the surface hydrogen. -
2010 Newsletter
University of Michigan hemistry C N E W S L E T T E R Letter from the Chair Contents I am pleased to send greetings and to sociate Professor with tenure to Professor Letter from the Chair ........................ 1 highlight the activities of the Chemistry with tenure last year: Anna Mapp, an or- Department over the past year under the ganic/chemical biology chemist; Melanie New Faculty ..................................... 2 outstanding leadership of Professor Mark Sanford, an organic/inorganic chemist; and Faculty News.................................... 3 Meyerhoff (Chemistry Department Chair, Eitan Geva, a theoretical/computational Faculty Profiles...............................4-5 1/09 – 7/10). We are very thankful for Pro- chemist. These faculty members were fessor Meyerhoff’s brilliant performance promoted based on their outstanding ac- Graduate Program News in recruiting new faculty and staff as well complishments and efforts in all three areas Degrees......................................... 6 as managing the budget and departmental of the department: research, teaching and policy. service. Finally, many Chemistry faculty Awards ........................................... 6 members were recognized with awards Novartis/Fajans ...........................7-8 The Department is making enormous over the past year, including: Michael Mor- Undergraduate Program News strides towards becoming one of the top ris, named the Richard D. Sacks Collegiate Chemistry programs in the nation, as Professor of Chemistry; A. Ramamoorthy, Degrees.......................................... 8 validated by increases in the departmental elected fellow of the American Associa- Awards ........................................... 9 ranking in recent surveys. Over the past tion for the Advancement of Science; and Summer Programs ........................ 9 year, the Department recruited a large Melanie Sanford, awarded the National class of high quality graduate students Fresenius Award, the ACS Award in Pure Gifts ................................................ -
ÂŒH Bond Amination Strategies for the Synthesis Of
InnovatIve tools In organIc / organometallIc chemIstry CHIMIA 2020, 74, No. 11 895 doi:10.2533/chimia.2020.895 Chimia 74 (2020) 895–903 © J. Zhang, M. H. Pérez-Temprano Intramolecular C(sp3)–H Bond Amination Strategies for the Synthesis of Saturated N-containing Heterocycles Jiayu Zhang and Mónica H. Pérez-Temprano*a Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Kilian Muñiz Abstract: The selective functionalization of C(sp3)–H bonds via intramolecular amination reactions represents a very attractive strategy for the construction of saturated N-containing heterocycles (SNHets). Over the past de- cades, the chemical community has devoted its efforts towards expanding the synthetic toolbox with the aim of facilitating access to these key fragments in a controllable, reproducible and efficient manner. This review covers selected examples of the most recent advances in intramolecular C(sp3)–N bond-forming reactions by three main approaches: (1) the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag (HLF) reaction; (2) transition-metal-catalyzed nitrene C(sp3)–H inser- tion; and (3) transition-metal-catalyzed ligand-assisted C(sp3)–N bond-forming reactions via a reductive elimina- tion step. We will discuss reactivity, selectivity and the major mechanistic insights into these transformations. Keywords: Amination · C–H functionalization · Catalysis · Cyclization · Heterocycle Jiayu Zhang was born in Shaanxi, China, 1. Introduction in 1993. She received her BSc and MSc Saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles (SNHets), such as degrees from Shaanxi Normal University azetidine, pyrrolidine or piperidine are among the most prevalent (2016) and Xi’an Jiaotong University molecular fragments in chemical space, especially in medicinal (2019), respectively. During her Master chemistry.[1] Their presence in druglike architectures usually en- studies, Jiayu developed different synthetic hances their biological activities, so these motifs are found in a protocols, involving radical cyclization and wide variety of top-selling pharmaceuticals (Scheme 1a).