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Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ethiopian Roads FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ETHIOPIAN ROADS AUTHORITY CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR REVIEW OF CONCEPT DESIGN, COST ESTIMATE, BID DOCUMENT AND UPDATE OF ESIA AND FEASIBILITY STUDY AND RAP PREPARATION OF ADAMA-AWASH EXPRESSWAY Revised Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Adama-Awash Expressway Lot I, Adama- Melkajilo (Km-60) Net Consult Consulting Engineers and Architects Plc August, 2018 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Adama-Awash Expressway Lot I, Adama- Melkajilo (Km-60) Revised Final ESIA Report Ethiopian Roads Authority TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................... VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ VIII 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. OBJECTIVE ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. SCOPE OF THE ESIA ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 3 1.3.1. REVIEW OF RELEVANT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND LEGISLATIONS ........ 3 1.3.2. REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES AND LITERATURE ........................................................ 4 1.3.3. FIELD OBSERVATION AND DATA COLLECTION .............................................................. 4 1.3.4. CONSULTATION WITH PUBLIC AND STAKEHOLDERS ..................................................... 4 1.3.5. IMPACT IDENTIFICATION ............................................................................................. 5 1.3.6. IMPACT PREDICTION AND EVALUATION ........................................................................ 6 1.3.7. OUTLINE OF ESMP AND MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................... 7 1.4. STRUCTURE OF THE ESIA REPORT ................................................................................... 7 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE ROAD UPGRADING PROJECT .................................................... 9 2.1. OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................... 9 3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGISLATIONS, GUIDELINES AND INSTITUTIONS .......... 20 3.1. OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 20 3.2. RELEVANT NATIONAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ............................................................ 20 3.2.1. Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia ...................................................................... 20 3.2.2. Environmental Policy of Ethiopia ........................................................................ 20 3.2.3. Sectorial Policies ................................................................................................ 21 3.2.4. ERA’s Resettlement/Rehabilitation Policy Framework ........................................ 23 3.3. THE AFDB GROUP’S INTEGRATED SAFEGUARDS POLICY STATEMENT ............................... 23 3.3.1. Overview ............................................................................................................ 23 3.3.2. OS1: Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) ........................................... 24 3.3.3. OS 2: Involuntary resettlement ........................................................................... 26 3.3.4. OS 3: Biodiversity, renewable resources and ecosystem services ...................... 27 3.3.5. OS 4: Pollution Prevention & Control, Hazardous Materials & Resource Efficiency 27 3.3.6. OS 5: Labour conditions, health and safety ........................................................ 28 3.3.7. Climate Risk Management and Adaptation Strategy of AfDB 2016-2020 ............ 29 3.4. ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATIONS ................................................................. 31 3.4.1. THE CONSTITUTION OF FDRE ...................................................................................... 31 3.4.1. Proclamation on Establishment of Environmental Protection Organs .................. 31 3.4.2. Proclamation on Environmental Impact Assessment .......................................... 32 3.4.3. Proclamation on Environmental Pollution Control ............................................... 32 3.4.4. Proclamation on Development, Conservation and Utilization of Wildlife .............. 32 3.4.5. Proclamation on Forest Development, Conservation and Utilization ................... 33 3.4.6. Proclamation on Expropriation of Land Holdings and Payment of Compensation .................................................................................................................... 33 3.4.7. Proclamation on Rural Land Administration and Land Use ................................. 34 3.4.8. Proclamation on Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage...................... 35 3.4.9. Proclamation on Ethiopian Water Resources Management ................................ 35 3.4.10. Proclamation on Public Health ............................................................................ 35 3.4.11. Regulations on Payment of Compensation for Property Situated on Landholdings Expropriated for Public Purposes ....................................................................................... 36 August 2018 i Adama-Awash Expressway Lot I, Adama- Melkajilo (Km-60) Revised Final ESIA Report Ethiopian Roads Authority 3.4.12. Proclamation on Amhara and Oromia National Regional States Rural Land Use and Administration .............................................................................................................. 36 3.5. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND PROTOCOLS ............................................................. 37 3.6. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES .................................................................... 37 3.6.1. EPA’s EIA Guidelines ......................................................................................... 37 3.6.2. ERA's Environmental Procedure Manual ............................................................ 38 3.6.3. ERA’s Standard Technical Specifications ........................................................... 39 3.6.4. World Banks General Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guideline. Erreur ! Signet non défini. 3.7. INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .......................................................... 39 3.7.1. Federal and Regional Administration .................................................................. 39 3.7.2. Ministry of Environmental, Forestry and Climate Change ................................... 39 3.7.3. Sectorial Environmental Unit............................................................................... 40 3.7.4. Regional Environment, Forest and Climate Change Authorities .......................... 40 3.7.5. Ethiopian Roads Authority .................................................................................. 40 4. DESCRIPTION OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE ROAD CORRIDOR................... 43 4.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 43 4.1.1. Topography ........................................................................................................ 43 4.1.2. Climate ............................................................................................................... 43 4.1.3. Rainfall ............................................................................................................... 44 4.1.4. Drainage Patterns and Water Resources............................................................ 44 4.1.5. Geology and Soils .............................................................................................. 45 4.1.6. Air Quality ........................................................................................................... 47 4.1.7. Noise .................................................................................................................. 48 4.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 48 4.2.1. Land Use and Land Cover .................................................................................. 48 4.2.2. Flora ................................................................................................................... 50 4.2.3. Fauna ................................................................................................................. 51 4.2.4. National Parks and Protected Areas ................................................................... 52 4.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................... 52 4.3.1. Administration ..................................................................................................... 52 4.3.2. Demographic Character ...................................................................................... 53 4.3.2.1. Population .......................................................................................................53 4.3.2.2. Ethnicity, Language
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