Sistemas Romanos De Abastecimiento De Agua
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El Conjunto Arqueológico De Baelo Claudia Y Su Museo Monográfico. Breves Notas Historiográficas Y De Gestión
89 El Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia y su museo monográfico. Breves notas historiográficas y de gestión The Archaeological Ensemble of Baelo Claudia and its monographic museum. Historiographical and management brief notes Ángel Muñoz Vicente1 ([email protected]) José Ángel Expósito Álvarez2 ([email protected]) Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia Resumen: La ciudad de Baelo Claudia, situada en la orilla norte del Estrecho de Gibraltar, se halla emplazada en la parte oeste de la ensenada de Bolonia. La industria pesquera, fun- damentalmente del atún, constituyó su principal fuente económica. Las excavaciones han sacado a la luz el conjunto urbano romano más completo de toda la península ibérica, con monumentos de extraordinario interés como son la basílica, el teatro, el mercado y el templo de Isis. En ninguna otra parte de la península ibérica es posible extraer tras la visita una visión tan completa del urbanismo romano como en Baelo Claudia, gracias a la riqueza de hallazgos y al complemento de su museo monográfico. Palabras clave: Estrecho de Gibraltar. Arqueología. Cádiz. Hispania. Urbanismo. Factoría de salazones. Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia Ensenada de Bolonia, s/n.º 11380 Tarifa (Cádiz) [email protected] http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/museos/CABC 1 Director Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia. 2 Arqueólogo. Área de Difusión. Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia. Boletín del Museo Arqueológico Nacional 35/2017 | ISSN: 2341-3409 | Págs. 89-93 90 Ángel Muñoz Vicente y José Ángel Expósito Álvarez Abstract: The city of Baelo Claudia is situated on the Western part of the Bolonia inlet, on the Northern shore of the Straits of Gibraltar. -
From Pre-Roman Bailo to Roman Baelo: Long-Term Landscape Dynamics in the Straits of Gibraltar Short Running Title: Landscape Dynamics in the Straits of Gibraltar
Title: From Pre-Roman Bailo to Roman Baelo: Long-term landscape dynamics in the Straits of Gibraltar Short running title: Landscape dynamics in the Straits of Gibraltar Jiménez-Vialás, Helena1 University of Toulouse CNRS, TRACES UMR 5608 (France) Grau-Mira, Ignasi University of Alicante (Spain) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study has been carried out as part of the Franco-German (Agence Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) “ARCHEOSTRAITS. Espaces protohistoriques du détroit de Gibraltar: les territoires de la Silla del Papa et de Los Castillejos de Alcorrín (IXe – Ier siècle av. J.-C.)” project led by D. Marzoli and P. Moret. In this article we have analysed the Atlantic sector in a study included in a Junta de Andalucía General Research Project led by P. Moret, “La Silla del Papa (Tarifa, Cádiz): oppidum, necropolis and territory (2014‐2019)”. We would like to express our gratitude to the leaders of these projects for their assistance with this study. ABSTRACT The Straits of Gibraltar has been historically an important maritime axis of connection between the Mediterranean and Atlantic areas of the Iberian Peninsula. For this reason, most of the archaeological research has focused on the coastal settlements but its archaeological landscape remains mostly unknown. In this paper we present recent intensive surveys carried out in which a wide range of sites was detected, dating from the eighth BC to the fourteenth AD. We will present the study of the ancient landscape from the long-term perspective. Previous to the Roman expansion, the Pre-Roman Bailo-La Silla del Papa was an urban central place that created a dense network of subordinated settlements. -
Locus Bonus : the Relationship of the Roman Villa to Its Environment in the Vicinity of Rome
LOCUS BONUS THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ROMAN VILLA TO ITS ENVIRONMENT IN THE VICINITY OF ROME EEVA-MARIA VIITANEN ACADEMIC DISSERTATION TO BE PUBLICLY DISCUSSED, BY DUE PERMISSION OF THE FACULTY OF ARTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI IN AUDITORIUM XV, ON THE 2ND OF OCTOBER, 2010 AT 10 O’CLOCK HELSINKI 2010 © Eeva-Maria Viitanen ISBN 978-952-92-7923-4 (nid.) ISBN 978-952-10-6450-0 (PDF) PDF version available at: http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/ Helsinki University Print Helsinki, 2010 Cover: photo by Eeva-Maria Viitanen, illustration Jaana Mellanen CONTENTS ABSTRACT iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES AND PLATES vii 1 STUDYING THE ROMAN VILLA AND ITS ENVIRONMENT 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.2 DEFINING THE VILLA 3 1.3 THE ROMAN VILLA IN CLASSICAL STUDIES 6 Origin and Development of the Villa 6 Villa Typologies 8 Role of the Villa in the Historical Studies 10 1.4 THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS 11 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL AND WRITTEN SOURCES 15 2.1 RESEARCH HISTORY OF THE ROMAN CAMPAGNA 15 2.2 FIELDWORK METHODOLOGY 18 Excavation 18 Survey 19 2.3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIAL 21 Settlement Sites from Surveys and Excavations 21 The Sites Reclassified 25 Chronological Considerations 28 2.4 WRITTEN SOURCES 33 Ancient Literature 33 Inscriptions 35 2.5 CONCLUSIONS 37 3 GEOLOGY AND ROMAN VILLAS 38 3.1 BACKGROUND 38 3.2 GEOLOGY OF THE ROMAN CAMPAGNA 40 3.3 THE CHANGING LANDSCAPE OF THE ROMAN CAMPAGNA 42 3.4 WRITTEN SOURCES FOR THE USE OF GEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 44 3.5 ARCHAEOLOGY OF BUILDING MATERIALS 47 3.6 INTEGRATING THE EVIDENCE 50 Avoiding -
C HAPTER THREE Dissertation I on the Waters and Aqueducts Of
Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141, The University of Michigan Press C HAPTER THREE Dissertation I on the Waters and Aqueducts of Ancient Rome o the distinguished Giovanni Lucio of Trau, Raffaello Fabretti, son of T Gaspare, of Urbino, sends greetings. 1. introduction Thanks to your interest in my behalf, the things I wrote to you earlier about the aqueducts I observed around the Anio River do not at all dis- please me. You have in›uenced my diligence by your expressions of praise, both in your own name and in the names of your most learned friends (whom you also have in very large number). As a result, I feel that I am much more eager to pursue the investigation set forth on this subject; I would already have completed it had the abundance of waters from heaven not shown itself opposed to my own watery task. But you should not think that I have been completely idle: indeed, although I was not able to approach for a second time the sources of the Marcia and Claudia, at some distance from me, and not able therefore to follow up my ideas by surer rea- soning, not uselessly, perhaps, will I show you that I have been engaged in the more immediate neighborhood of that aqueduct introduced by Pope Sixtus and called the Acqua Felice from his own name before his ponti‹- 19 Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. -
I Plan De Desarrollo Sostenible Del Parque Natural Del Estrecho
I Plan de Desarrollo Sostenible del Parque Natural del Estrecho I Plan de Desarrollo Sostenible Parque Natural del Estrecho y su Área de Influencia Socio-Económica Abril 2018 Borrador Final Pag. 1 de 163 CONSEJERÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO 0 Índice 1. INTRODUCCIÓN...................................................................................................................3 2. DIAGNÓSTICO DEL PARQUE NATURAL DEL ESTRECHO Y DE SU ÁREA DE INFLUENCIA SOCIO-ECONÓMICA..................................................................................................................9 3.- OBJETIVOS DEL PLAN Y COHERENCIA CON LOS PLANES DE ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO Y CON LA SOSTENIBILIDAD AMBIENTAL.............................................................85 4,- MEDIDAS DEL PLAN DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE........................................................102 5.- MODELO DE GESTIÓN.....................................................................................................120 6.- EVALUACIÓN Y SEGUIMIENTO.........................................................................................122 ANEXO I.- FICHAS DE LAS MEDIDAS.....................................................................................126 Borrador Final Pag. 2 de 163 I Plan de Desarrollo Sostenible del Parque Natural del Estrecho 1 Introducción El art. 20.4 de la Ley 2/1989, de 18 de julio, por la que se aprueba el inventario de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Andalucía y se establecen medidas adicionales para su protección establece que -
Aqueduct Architecture: Moving Water to the Masses in Ancient Rome
Curriculum Units by Fellows of the Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute 2006 Volume IV: Math in the Beauty and Realization of Architecture Aqueduct Architecture: Moving Water to the Masses in Ancient Rome Curriculum Unit 06.04.04 by Ralph Russo Introduction This unit seeks to raise awareness of basic, yet, historic principles of architecture as they apply to the provision of water to an urban center. Exploration of Roman aqueducts should serve this goal. It fits the study of classical civilizations in the ninth grade world civilizations curriculum. Moreover, it lends itself to interdisciplinary teaching, a great way for students to see things in context. Studying aqueduct architecture encourages proficiency in quantitative skills, language arts, and organizational skills. Quantitative activities such as measuring, using scale, and calculating volume facilitate developing math skills. Critical reading of primary and secondary sources, document based questions, discussion, reflective writing, descriptive writing, and persuasive writing teach and/or reinforce language arts skills. Readings and activities can also touch on the levels of organization or government necessary to design, build, and maintain an aqueduct. The unit is not a prescribed set of steps but is meant to be a framework through which objectives, strategies, activities, and resources can be added or adjusted to meet student needs, address curriculum goals, and help students to make connections between the past and contemporary issues. The inhabitants of Rome satisfied their need for water first from the Tiber River. Rome grew from a small farming community along the Tiber into the capitol city of an empire with almost one million inhabitants. -
Programme 26 January 2017 AM/PM Open Public Meeting
Portuslimen: Rome’s Mediterranean Ports (RoMP) Workshop 3 - 26th and 27th January 2017 Programme 26 January 2017 AM/PM Open Public Meeting 9.00-9.10: Introduction: Professor Christopher Smith, Director BSR 9.10-9.30: Project overview: S. Keay University of Southampton/BSR Project Field-results 2016: Chaired by S. Keay 9.30-9.55: New Geophysical Research in the Claudian Harbour at Portus: the Northern Mole S. Hay, University of Southampton, S. Kay, British School at Rome, S. Keay, University of Southampton, K. Strutt, University of Southampton & R. Sebastiani, SSCOL The seaward trajectory of the northern mole of the Claudian harbour at Portus would appear to be indicated by the standing structures excavated in 1957 at its eastern end. Whilst 800m of the mole is visible, its full length has never been explored, in part due to the north-south runway of Leonardo Di Vinci airport constructed between 1958-61. In 2007, the then Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici di Ostia conducted a programme of deep cores in the area of Pesce Luna, immediately to the west of viale Coccia di Morte. An analysis of this material indicated the northern mole turned southwest towards the conjectured area of the Claudian lighthouse. As part of the Portuslimen ERC-funded research, in April 2016 a large scale ground penetrating-radar (GPR) survey was conducted, with the aim of mapping anomalies in the north-western area inside the Claudian harbour. The earlier cores (Morelli et al, 2011) had indicated an overlying accumulation of approximately 6m, therefore the survey was conducted using a 200MHz frequency GSSI antenna towed by a quad bike or pulled by hand in constricted areas. -
The Aqueducts of Ancient Rome
THE AQUEDUCTS OF ANCIENT ROME by EVAN JAMES DEMBSKEY Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the subject ANCIENT HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: DR. M.E.A. DE MARRE CO-SUPERVISOR: DR. R. EVANS February 2009 2 Student Number 3116 522 2 I declare that The Aqueducts of Ancient Rome is my own work and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. .......................... SIGNATURE (MR E J DEMBSKEY) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to: My supervisors, Dr. M. De Marre and Dr. R. Evans for their positive attitudes and guidance. My parents and Angeline, for their support. I'd like to dedicate this study to my mother, Alicia Dembskey. Contents LIST OF FIGURES . v LIST OF TABLES . vii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction . 1 1.2 Objectives . 6 1.3 Conclusion . 7 2 METHODOLOGY 11 2.1 Introduction . 11 2.2 Conclusion . 16 3 SOURCES 19 3.1 Introduction . 19 3.2 Literary evidence . 20 3.3 Archaeological evidence . 29 3.4 Numismatic evidence . 30 3.5 Epigraphic evidence . 32 3.6 Conclusion . 37 4 TOOLS, SKILLS AND CONSTRUCTION 39 4.1 Introduction . 39 4.2 Levels . 39 4.3 Lifting apparatus . 43 4.4 Construction . 46 4.5 Cost . 51 i 4.6 Labour . 54 4.7 Locating the source . 55 4.8 Surveying the course . 56 4.9 Construction materials . 58 4.10 Tunnels . 66 4.11 Measuring capacity . -
Baelo Claudia Y Los Secretos Del Garum
Baelo Claudia y los secretos del Garum • Baelo Claudia and the secrets of Garum BaeloBaelo ClaudiaClaudia y los secretos del Garum ORGANIZAN BaeloBaelo ClaudiaClaudia andand thethe secretssecrets ofof GarumGarum COLABORAN Darío Bernal-Casasola, José J. Díaz Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad José A. Expósito y Víctor Palacios Macías (Editores Científicos) Baelo Claudia y los secretos del Garum Atunes, ballenas, ostras, sardinas y otros recursos marinos en la cadena operativa haliéutica romana Baelo Claudia and the secrets of Garum Tunas, whales, oysters, sardines and other marine resources in the Roman halieutic chaîne opératoire DARÍO BERNAL-CASASOLA, JOSÉ J. DÍAZ JOSÉ A. EXPÓSITO Y VÍCTOR PALACIOS MACÍAS (Editores Científicos) EDITA Editorial UCA, 2020 Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Cádiz C/ Doctor Marañón, 3 11002 Cádiz Tel. 956015689 publicaciones.uca.es [email protected] Editorial UCA es miembro de la UNE, lo que garantiza la difusión y comercialización de sus publicaciones a nivel nacional e internacional Editorial UCA is the UNE member, which ensures the diffusion and commercialization of its publications at the national and international level EDITORES CIENTÍFICOS DISEÑO Darío Bernal-Casasola Trébede Ediciones, S.L. José J. Díaz José A. Expósito IMPRIME Víctor Palacios Macías Tórculo Comunicación Gráfica, S.A. AGRADECIMIENTOS Este trabajo es resultado y ha sido cofinanciado por el proyecto GARVM III (PID2019-108948RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) del Gobierno de España/Feder; por el -
Geología En Torno a Baelo Claudia
Geología en torno a Baelo Claudia Domínguez Bella, Salvador1y 5; Gracia Prieto, Javier1; García Jiménez, Iván2; 3 1 1,4,5 Alonso Villalobos, Carlos ; O’Dogherty Luy, Luis y Sánchez Bellón, Ángel 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra de la Universidad de Cádiz 2 Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia 3 Centro de Arqueología Subacuática, Instituto Andaluz de Patrimonio Histórico, Consejería de Cultura, Junta de Andalucía 4 ICOGA, Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos de Andalucía 5 Unidad de Geoarqueología y Arqueometría aplicadas al Patrimonio Histórico-Artístico-Monumental (UGEA-PHAM) U. de Cádiz 3ª Parada 4ª y 5ª Parada 2ª Parada Punto de encuentro 1ª Parada Figura 1. Ortofotografía de la zona de estudio en torno a Baelo Claudia (modificada a partir de Google maps, 2017) y localización del punto de encuentro en el aparcamiento del Conjunto Arqueológico de Baelo Claudia y de las paradas visitadas 1 Introducción Qué es un Geolodía y en qué consiste el Geolodía 17 Cádiz Geolodía es una iniciativa de divulgación de la Geología coordinada a nivel nacional por la Sociedad Geológica de España (SGE) con 12 años de recorrido y cuyo objetivo es divulgar el conocimiento a través de una de las facetas más atrayente para el público en general, las excursiones de campo. Como en las últimas ediciones, se llevarán a cabo 55 excursiones simultáneas, una excursión en cada provincia, excepto en los archipiélagos balear y canario, donde se celebrarán varias excursiones en diferentes islas. Las excursiones de Geolodía 17 se celebrarán en lugares con mucho interés geológico, en el que los participantes serán guiados para aprender a ver con “mirada geológica” el paisaje, descubriendo los materiales que lo sustentan y entendiendo los procesos geológicos que operan en él. -
Appius Claudius Caecus 'The Blind'
Appius Claudius Caecus ‘The Blind’ Faber est quisquis suae fortunae (‘Every man is architect of his own fortune’) Appius Claudius Caecus came from the Claudian gens, a prime patrician family that could trace its ancestors as far back as the decemvirs who authored Rome’s first laws (the Twelve Tables) in the mid-fifth century BC. Although many Roman families could boast successful ancestors, Appius Claudius Caecus has the distinction of being one the first characters in Roman history for whom a substantial array of material evidence survives: a road, an aqueduct, a temple and at least one inscription. His character and his nickname Caecus, ‘The Blind’, are also explained in historical sources. Livy (History of Rome 9.29) claims he was struck down by the gods for giving responsibilities of worship to temple servants, rather than the traditional family members, at the Temple of Hercules. Perhaps a more credible explanation is offered by Diodorus Siculus (20.36), who suggests that Appius Claudius said he was blind and stayed at home to avoid reprisals from the Senate after his time in office. In that case, his name was clearly coined in jest, as is often the case with cognomen. Appius Claudius Caecus, whether or not he was actually blind, is an illuminating case study in the ways that varying types of evidence (literature, inscriptions and archaeology) can be used together to recreate history. His succession of offices, not quite the typical progression of the cursus honorum, records a man who enjoyed the epitome of a successful career in Roman politics (Slide 1). -
Water Supply of Rome in Antiquity and Today
mmental Geolo.l!Y (1996) 27: 126- 34 Springer-Verlag 1996 P. Dono. C. Doni Water supply of Romein antiquity and today Received: 19 Apri11995 Accepted: 2 August 1995 Abstract In ancient Rome, water was considereda deity one located in the north. Water from alI easternaqueducts to be worshipped and most of alI utilized in health and art. was collected in the Porta Maggiore area, called by The availability of huge water supplies was considered a Romans"ad Spem Veterem" (Figs. 2, 3). symbol of opulenceand therefore an expressionof power. The first aqueduct was built in 312 BC. During the The countryside around Rome ofTereda spectacularview: subsequent 600 years, ten more aqueducts were built. it was adorned with an incalculable number of monu- The last one was completed in the 3rd century AD. With ments, tempIes, and villas, and it was crossed by sturdy completion of construction, there were Aqua Applia, Anio aqueducts with magnificent arcades.The aqueduct as a Vetus, Aqua Marcia, Aqua Tepula, Aqua Julia, Aqua superelevatedmonumental work is a typical concept of Virgo, Acqua Alsietina, Aqua Claudia, Anio Nowus, Aqua the Roman engineering,although it is possible to recog- Traiana, and AQua Alexandriana. nize that the inspiration and the basic ideas carne from Etruscantechnology. The Etruscansdid not construct real aqueducts,even though they built hydraulic works as irri- gation channels,drainage systems,dams, etc. The Greeks Aqua Applia had also built similar hydraulic structures,before the Ro- man influence.Interesting aqueduct remains are in Rome, No remains afe left of the first great Roman aqueduct Segovia(Spain), Nimes (France),and Cologne (Germany), constructed in 323 BC.