THE JOURNAL OF THE SCHOOL OF FORESTRY & ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES FALL 2007 environment YALE

BIOENERGY The Cure for Our Oil Addiction? By Richard Conniff

Plans to Cap CO2 Target Fossil Fuels at Their Source By Steve Kemper page 12 letters

To the Editor: New Haven and for every other city in the To the Editor: I read your cover story on water, and country? This is a huge and complex problem, I was astonished to note that in the sum- could not agree more (“The Coming Water and if it is not solved, mary of “shared concerns” (Dean’s Crisis,” Spring 2007). A very obvious how long can we continue Message, “Protecting Creation a solution is displayed on a number of farms to waste our resources Moral Duty,” Spring 2007), there around the country, where the manure pile and pollute our water, was no mention of population is tapped for gases, then those gases are rivers and ocean shores? pressure. It can be argued, and has used for powering a number of farm func- It is my hope that the been before with ease, that this tions. I have pointed out to President Levin various engineering, area of concern is at the root of that the sewage lines of New Haven contain scientific, legal and much of the current environmental a considerable amount of fuel, liquid, solid business departments situation. To act as though the force and gases. They also contain a huge volume at Yale would come of numbers is trivial is an exercise in of water that, after being purged of the together with funding futility. Population study should be fuel elements, would be fit to return to the from a number of part of environmental investigation reservoirs. This, of course, would appear to foundations to spearhead this effort and action. be a monstrous and hugely expensive process, to save our civilization. It seems to me that but what are the alternatives? Can we afford the sooner this starts, the better! W.R. HENSON ’48, PH.D. ’50 WINNIPEG, MANITOBA to waste all that energy? Where is there an JOHN CALHOUN JR. ’52 adequate resupply of drinking water for PETERBOROUGH, N.H.

Having Fun While Building a Community

On a blue-chip August morning last summer, a day of cloudless skies and soft air, the sun-dappled road into Great Mountain Forest in Norfolk, Conn., was dotted with people, heads down, muttering under their breath. The 31 men and women were pacing, single file on the dirt road and stopping every few feet to scribble something on a piece of paper. The uninitiated might have taken the scene for a poetry workshop or a therapy session. But alumni of

Matthew Garrett F&ES would instantly recognize that the students were calibrating their pace – that is, measuring their stride in meters to train the body to establish distance over a landscape, regardless of the terrain. Since its inception, F&ES has used a camping experience to provide incoming students with a foretaste of their life in the master’s program. During weeklong sessions at Great Mountain, Yale-Myers Forest and Beaver Ponds Park in New Haven, 97 students from 20 countries and ranging in age from 22 to 61 followed in the footsteps of their predecessors, engaging in rugged outdoor activities worthy of inclusion in an episode of the reality TV series Survivor, as part of the Training

Harold Shapiro (2) Shapiro Harold Modules in Technical Skills, more popularly known as “Mods.” Clockwise from top left: Sarah Enders and Brian During Mods, students studied urban ecology and terrestrial and aquatic Milakovsky clear brush at Beaver Ponds Park in New Haven. ecosystem measurement, all the while having fun, bonding and engaging, rather At Yale-Myers Forest, Neelesh Man Shrestha measures than competing with, each other – an approach, they discovered, that is at once standing dead trees to estimate the size and abundance eminently practical and deeply rooted in the school’s culture. Rhea Hirshman, of snags that wildlife depend on for food and shelter, and Mark Ashton shows how to determine the age of wild Stacey Stowe and Cathy Shufro spent a day with the students at each site to sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), an herbaceous understory capture the fun and learning. You can read their accounts on the school’s website plant, and its use as an indicator of soil productivity. at http://environment.yale.edu. 12 17 19 24

CONTENTS environment:YALE 2 17 Special Insert The Journal of the School of Dean’s Message Bookshelf Honor Roll of Donors Forestry & Environmental Studies Fall 2007 • Vol. 6, No. 2 F&ES is increasingly in the business of designing the future. 19 29 Editor Kroon’s Rainwater Class Notes David DeFusco Director of Communications 4 Harvesting System Copy Editor Bioenergy: The Cure for to Save Half-Million 53 Anne Sommer Our Oil Addiction? Gallons a Year Obituaries Alumni/ae Liaison to Editor Kathleen Schomaker In the current rush to bioenergy A $1.5 million gift from the Mars Director of Alumni/ae Affairs as a remedy for global warming, family will enable Kroon Hall to 56 Design hints of magic and madness are reuse and recycle water. Commentary: Nancy J. Dobos everywhere. DobosDesign The Emerging Alliance Editorial Advisory Board 21 of Religion and Ecology Alan Brewster, Jane Coppock, Gordon Geballe, Eugenie 12 At the School The world's religions have a vital Gentry, Stephen Kellert, Plans to Cap Greenhouse role to play in the development Emly McDiarmid, Peter Otis of a more comprehensive environ- Gases Target Fossil 24 Dean Fuel at Their Source mental ethics. James Gustave Speth Combining Community Support is coalescing around a Development and environment:Yale is published cap-and-trade system that requires Indigenous Culture twice a year (Spring and Fall) by raw-fuel suppliers to obtain permits the Yale School of Forestry & to Promote a Environmental Studies. Editorial to emit carbon dioxide. offices are located at 205 Prospect Conservation Economy Street, New Haven, CT 06511. The groundwork is being laid for 203-436-4842 an Ecotrust Australia that will take email: [email protected] http://environment.yale.edu Ecotrust global.

printed on recycled paper Cover photo by Bob Handelman. with soy-based inks All photos in bioenergy article by Getty Images except page 4 by Corbis.

Fall 2007 environment:YALE 1 message Dean James Gustave Speth

be designed to interact symbiotically with one another. Green by Design And moving out onto the landscape, Gaboury Benoit All of us concerned about the environment’s future has focused on how large-scale development projects have known for a long time that we should be doing can be designed to integrate successfully with the envi-

dean’s more in the area of designing positive solutions. Stopping ronment, while Stephen Kellert has pioneered efforts to destructive projects requires lawyers and lobbyists and, bring environmental sensibility to the design of the built most of all, irate citizens. But designing the elements of environment and to show how architecture can capture a sustainable future requires, among others, chemists, what he calls biophilic design. Finally, on a still-larger engineers, planners and, most of all, visionaries. Both scale, Ellen Brennan-Galvin is studying innovative design are important, but we American environmentalists have in urban transportation and other aspects of cities. done much more on the negative front than the positive. Here then, in a nutshell, are a few of the ways that One of my great pleasures as dean has been to help F&ES faculty are helping to design positive, sustainable rectify this situation through the steady strengthening of solutions to our environmental challenges. The very the school’s capacities in the emerging field of sustainable able writer Heather Millar has interviewed each of these design. From the green chemist’s design of new molecules faculty members and helped me bring a little objectivity to replace the toxic ones of yesterday, to the design of new to descriptions of these remarkable people. transportation and water systems for great cities, F&ES For Paul Anastas, professor in the practice of green is increasingly in the business of designing the future we chemistry, a green future starts with the most basic want to see. That requires creativity and inventiveness, building blocks – green molecules. Anastas spent 16 backed by hard science and engineering and by an aware- years at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ness of economic constraints. The good news is that the (EPA) and the White House before coming to New school is building enormous faculty strength – top people Haven in January to direct the new Center for Green who can bring all these considerations together. I hope Chemistry and Green Engineering at Yale. our school will gain increasing recognition as a major “In the same way that we can design a material so center for designing a sustainable future. Let me relate that it’s red or it’s blue or it’s rubbery or brittle, we can to you why I believe we are on our way to that goal. design it so that it’s toxic or not toxic. This is the design framework for the center,” he says. The center has started a large initiative to design safer chemicals and compounds that don’t persist for long periods or, for instance, that avoid disrupting the human endocrine system. Building on his Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry, Anastas says, “We’d like to come up with a green framework of design – a toolbox that could be used for whatever you’re trying to make, whether it’s a dye or an adhesive or a flame retardant.”

photos by Harold Shapiro Harold photos by The center has reached out to industry, showing Paul Anastas Julie Zimmerman Thomas Graedel business leaders how green chemistry can benefit them, and is spreading the word through conferences to partners Here are some of the exciting fields now developing in South Africa and China, as well as through a Pan- at F&ES. One of our newest faculty members, Paul Africa Green Chemistry Network, to promote the field Anastas, is recognized globally as a founder of the new on the African continent. The center also is launching field of green chemistry. As Paul is working on the an interactive website, where researchers can exchange design of new, safer molecules and chemical processes, ideas about green chemistry. Julie Zimmerman, who is also on our faculty, is working Julie Zimmerman, assistant professor of chemical on the design of new green products. Julie is a pioneer engineering and of green engineering and product in the new field of green engineering, and has a joint design and the assistant director for research at the appointment with Yale’s engineering school. Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, Moving up to a larger scale, industrial ecology specializes in making things that don’t pollute. For her founder Thomas Graedel focuses on the design of doctoral dissertation at the University of Michigan, she industrial processes, while his colleague Marian Chertow developed vegetable oil-based metalworking fluids that is researching the ways in which industrial facilities can were recyclable, long-lasting and decreased occupational

2 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies health concerns for the workers. While at the Office of if you got it back. How would you give that material a Research and Development at the EPA, she developed second chance? That really revises and transforms the an analog to Anastas’ green chemistry commandments – design process.” Twelve Principles of Green Engineering – which include Marian Chertow, associate professor of industrial proactive steps such as “preventing rather than treating” environmental management, studies how businesses (avoiding pollution rather than cleaning it up) and cluster together in places as varied as Hawaii, Puerto “designing for separation” (to ease reuse and recycling). Rico and mainland China. She has recently proposed a The Army has asked Zimmerman’s team to investigate new approach to encouraging corporate greening: Map ways to build environmental considerations into the the symbioses – the waste, water, and power exchanges Marian Chertow design and engineering of processes like cleaning, paint- and other beneficial relationships – that exist among ing, transportation and manufacturing munitions. “Our businesses. Show companies that they have already begun recommendations will be written into the Army’s to build industrial ecosystems. Then help them to do specs,” Zimmerman explains. more of the same. “Business people just want to know Through the Center for Industrial Ecology, F&ES the rules of the game so that they can go out and play has taken the lead in an emerging field that examines hard,” said Chertow. “If we have green rules, then they the environmental impacts of industrial production and can go play the green game hard.” consumer economies. Industrial ecologists go beyond While researching the Campbell Industrial Park near the usual bromides, such as “waste less, consume less,” Honolulu, Chertow’s team found that eight companies Gaboury Benoit and try to attach numbers and strategies to those notions. were trading seven different kinds of materials among The tools of the trade include materials flow analysis, an themselves. Yet companies remained oblivious to the big examination of how resources like copper and oil move picture: they weren’t aware of what their neighbors were through the global economy; life cycle assessment, an doing or how they might benefit even more from sharing evaluation of the full environmental impact of how resources. She found similar exchanges taking place in a products are created and eventually discarded; and very different context, a large industrial complex in industrial symbiosis analysis, an examination of how China, and now leads Yale’s new Program on Industrial one business’ waste might become another’s feedstock. Ecology in Developing Countries. Industrial ecologists look at the global picture, and take Chertow’s team is researching the social norms and Stephen Kellert the long view, perhaps 50 years into the future, rather networks that create and facilitate environmentally ben- than the 5- or 10-year planning horizon common in eficial trading. Who knows whom? What are the ties traditional business. between the executives of various firms? How do business Leading the effort is Thomas Graedel, Clifton R. leaders identify the needs of their companies and use Musser Professor of Industrial Ecology. “I look at a sus- relationships to help meet those needs? Could this process tainable future from the perspective of materials,” says be more efficient? “Analyzing industrial ecosystems as Graedel, who co-authored the field’s first textbook, social networks reveals why they are difficult to plan but Industrial Ecology. “We are trying to understand in can still be highly effective in creating environmental detail how we, as a planetary society, use metals. How benefits along with the economic ones.” Ellen Brennan Galvin much of them are getting lost? What’s the potential for Gaboury Benoit, associate dean for research and recycling, the potential for damage to the environment? co-director of the Hixon Center for Urban Ecology, has We’re researching and constructing complete life cycles.” tried to lay out a framework that would allow businesses Graedel’s team has mapped the flow of many metals, to thrive in a landscape that better integrates human including zinc, iron and nickel, and he has developed development with nature. “Land development is an environmental assessment matrix, now a standard tool exploding. The number of people is growing, and the used by companies trying to gauge the environmental amount of space each person uses is also growing,” impact of their products. As consultants, he and some Benoit explains. “A lot of people want to develop land in of his students recently tracked the complete industrial environmentally appropriate ways, but they don’t know life cycle of every helicopter made by Sikorsky, the exactly what that means. They don’t know what steps to Connecticut manufacturer. take. We’ve outlined a very straightforward, step-by-step “We try to look at the long-term fate of a product,” way to do it. We try to get down to brass tacks.” says Graedel. “A couple of things come out of looking With Diana Balmori, a landscape architect who teaches at things that way: first, you’re proactive, and second, at the Yale School of Architecture, Benoit co-authored you begin to think of what you would do with a product continued on page 56

Fall 2007 3 By Richard Conniff

n the current rush to bioenergy as a remedy for global warming, hints of magic and madness are everywhere. I Consider two instances: Case One: In Arlington, Ariz., early this year, an electric power company and a bio-

fuel startup captured carbon dioxide (CO2) exhaust from the stack of a power plant and BIOENERGY piped it to a greenhouse, where it bubbled up through clear plastic bladders of water The Cure for Our Oil Addiction? gone murky with algae. The algae used ordinary photosynthesis to convert the

CO2 into more algae. And this crop got converted in turn into the elixir of our day, transportation-grade biodiesel and ethanol. A number of attractive traits made algae, otherwise known as pond scum, suddenly look like green gold: It tolerates wastewater or brackish water. It can flourish in places, like the deserts of the American Southwest, where it doesn’t compete with food production. And it grows relentlessly, with little regard for season. Massachusetts- based GreenFuel Technologies was

4 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies predicting that its annual output would be On the face of it, these deals sounded good calculated that, when you factor in the loss on the order of 5,000 gallons of biofuel too: over its entire life cycle, by one cal- of peat, which is a fossil fuel, greenhouse per acre – versus 360 gallons of ethanol culation, biodiesel from oil palm trees gas emissions from oil palm biodiesel are (and perhaps as little as 60 gallons net, generates less than half the carbon dioxide “up to eight times worse” than those from after accounting for fossil fuels used to produced by conventional gasoline, and coal or oil. produce it) from an acre of corn. it’s renewable. But to make room for new And the story only gets worse from A company spokesperson conceded biofuel plantations, Indonesia committed there. The same day that Indonesia was that the process faces hurdles. On the itself to opening up 2.5 million acres of announcing its biofuel deal, a United carbon accounting side, no one has yet land this year alone, with more than 16 Nations report, “The Last Stand of the addressed the extent to which algae from a million acres – roughly five times the area Orangutan,” estimated that 98 percent of coal-fired power plant qualifies as a biofuel. of Connecticut – in biofuel production forests in Malaysia and Indonesia will be On the economic side, it would require by 2010. destroyed over the next 15 years because 4,000 acres of greenhouses and other algae- Most of it will come from cutting and of logging and oil palm plantations. One farming infrastructure to handle the CO2 clearing rainforests in a nation that already of the most diverse habitats on Earth is from a single 1,000-megawatt coal power leads the world in deforestation, according being replaced, said a Conservation plant. But the company figures that there are to Lisa Curran, professor of tropical International biologist, “with a West African 1,700 such plants in the United States with resources and the John Musser director of palm and a few commensal species of birds that kind of acreage nearby. That sounded the Tropical Resources Institute at F&ES. and rats” living in an “ecological desert.” promising enough that venture capitalists Despite its undeveloped economy, Indonesia continued on page 6 have recently bet about $40 million, also ranks third in the world, behind China according to New Energy Finance, a and the United States, as a source of green- Ethanol is the most widely used biofuel. It is produced by the fermentation of British research firm, on a dozen startups house gas emissions – almost all from the sugars derived from various crops, including racing to bring algae biofuels to market. burning of rainforests and the deep under- corn, cereal grains, sugar cane and sugar Case Two: In January 2007, Indonesia lying deposits of peat that get exposed and beet. In 2006, the United States surpassed signed agreements worth $12.4 billion to dried out when the forest is stripped away. Brazil as the major producer of ethanol, supply biofuel to international partners. A consultant for Wetlands International producing 5 billion gallons. But what might have been the coup de ioenergy is widely regarded as the manage marginal farmland, forests and grâce came from the Australian Orangutan only sustainable alternative to other habitat for both biodiversity and Project, an environmental group, which fossil fuels. (A note about usage: bioenergy. charged that the pursuit of ostensibly B Though the term biofuel is more But it has also become evident that greener fuels was a direct cause of death of familiar, it usually refers only to renewable there are more ways to do bioenergy badly endangered apes. It said that 5,000 orangu- fuels for transport. The broader term than most people ever imagined, with con- tans were already being killed annually – bioenergy adds in fuels for heating, cool- sequences that include destruction of rain- many of them on oil palm plantations, ing and power generation. Both come forests, loss of wildlife, devastation of local where managers pay a $20-a-head bounty from biomass, meaning trees, agricultural communities and painful increases in to eliminate them as a nuisance. Malaysian crops, manures, landfill methane and some worldwide food prices. That became clear Deputy Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak household and manufacturing waste.) early this year, when tens of thousands of dismissed the orangutan accusation as an Conventional thinking says that if we can demonstrators took to the streets of Mexico attempt “to hurt the interest of the oil palm figure out how to get enough energy from City to protest rising prices for corn tortillas, industry,” which Malaysian companies the products of the living world, then we a staple food. (The price increase was largely control. In Europe, where oil palm can bring our energy consumption back generally attributed to competition for the biodiesel is part of an ambitious plan to into the natural cycle, with carbon being crop from the ethanol market, but some cut dependence on fossil fuels, outraged continuously released and recaptured by critics also charged tortilla manufacturers environmentalists pushed for a ban on current plant growth. That would avoid with price gouging to exploit the shifting tainted imports. the main problem with fossil fuels, which market.) The food-fuel trade-off is also overwhelm the Earth’s capacity for recap- causing “agflation” in the United States, ture by releasing in a single year the carbon where 40 percent of the corn crop is Until recently, there were only two stored away by hundreds of thousands of expected to go to the ethanol market over kinds of ethanol that were well-known: years of crops. The new “bioeconomy” the next few years, up from 20 percent ethanol made from sugar cane, which could also create jobs and profits from now. American farmers have planted about accounts for approximately 40 percent of Brazil’s nondiesel automotive fuel, and forest, farm and manufacturing byproducts. 90 million acres of corn this year, more corn ethanol, which, at nearly 4 billion With careful planning, some researchers than in any year since World War II. But gallons annually and used mainly as an suggest, it could even benefit wildlife, by some observers, including the chief execu- additive, accounts for between 2 and encouraging landowners to plant and tive of agribusiness giant Cargill, have 3 percent of America’s automotive fuel. Below, a sugar cane crop is loaded onto a semi truck in Fiji. that bioenergy alone is the key “is hurting studied the charcoal trade around the “If we used 100 percent the public debate and keeping people from town of Narok in southwestern Kenya. coming to a real understanding.” Communal land there is now being priva- of U.S. corn, it would Even so, these assumptions, and the tized and converted to commercial farming, generous government subsidies that go between the Mau Mountains and the still replace only 7 percent with them, are tantalizing for entrepreneurs, Masai Mara Game Reserve, one of the who suddenly see new sources of bioenergy most important wildlife areas in the world. of total petroleum use.” everywhere. It isn’t just the obvious stuff It’s a dry landscape, dusty savanna with David Pimental like corn or restaurant cooking oil: propo- open-canopy woodlands. “The first thing nents are busy trying to get bioenergy you need to do for agriculture is clear off from turkey manure in Minnesota, from the trees,” said Bailis, who studies the brewery wastewater in Australia, from sub- human dimension of energy use in devel- warned of further food price shocks and standard coffee beans in Brazil and from oping countries. But clear-cutting with even shortages. So much agricultural land coconuts on the island of Bougainville in machinery requires capital. So the new has been shifted to corn that even the Papua New Guinea. At times, this enthusi- landowners typically invite the charcoal breadbasket state of Iowa is increasingly asm brings to mind the scientist in cutters to do the work and, in exchange, dependent on food imports. Gulliver’s Travels, who “had been eight let them use the wood as feedstock for These rapid changes have raised trou- Years upon a Project for extracting Sun- their trade. bling questions about the sustainability of Beams out of Cucumbers, which were to Charcoal has become the chief object the bioenergy movement. “There is a be put into Vials hermetically sealed, and of a complex biofuel subeconomy, con- major role for biofuel to play,” said John let out to warm the Air in raw inclement necting Narok to Nairobi. After being cut, Sheehan of the National Renewable Summers.” But the bioenergy boom is according to Bailis, the wood gets stacked Energy Laboratory. “But when people get different from Swift’s satire in at least one in chest-high mounds for burning down the idea that it’s a panacea, they are sadly crucial respect: nobody wants to spend into charcoal. (People in the city prefer mistaken.” Getting it right depends on that much time on research. With the lure charcoal to wood as a household fuel, crucial nuances. But the nuances often of “energy independence” in mind, because it’s more compact and less seem to get trampled underfoot in what President Bush set a national goal of pro- smoky.) Then it gets packed into 80- some observers have described as a “gold ducing 35 billion gallons of biofuel annually pound seed bags and trucked to the city, rush,” a “bubble,” a “boondoggle” and by 2017, a target Sheehan described as where large retailers buy it for sale directly even a “swindle.” “frighteningly aggressive.” Aiming to to the public or through middlemen on Two assumptions have been feeding reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the bicycles or donkey carts who buy a bag or the infectious zeal for bioenergy, appealing European Union announced a plan to meet two and break it down into small pails, simultaneously to both ends of the political 10 percent of its road transport needs with called debe. Some poor urban families can spectrum. The first is that we can stop or biofuel by 2020, up from 1 percent today. afford to buy only enough charcoal for a slow global warming – and still drive our meal or two. So retailers break it down yet cars – if we just switch from fossil fuels to iomass is of course the oldest again into containers the size of a mar- green fuels. The second is that bioenergy can human energy source, in the garine tub, called nkebe. free us from dependence on costly fossil form of fires fueled by wood. But The bulk of the profit goes not to the fuels controlled by profit-hungry multina- researchers have been pointing people who actually conduct the trade, tional companies and foreign cartels. B out for decades that no product is auto- said Bailis, but to officials who take bribes Most researchers regard both assump- matically greener just because the raw to look the other way. This is a little baf- tions as seriously flawed. “If we used 100 material comes from nature and the fling: Regulation of the charcoal trade was percent of U.S. corn, it would still replace process is ancient. It depends on which intended not for Narok but for the Mau only 7 percent of total petroleum use,” plants you grow, how you grow them and Mountains, where the upland forests are said David Pimental, a Cornell University whether you give them a chance to grow essential for holding onto rainfall and pre- entomologist who is a longtime bioenergy back, among other variables. venting erosion. But the Mau forest con- critic. Sheehan added: “Nobody is in a For the past five years, for instance, tinues to be stripped away by charcoal position to say they can unilaterally do Robert Bailis, assistant professor of envi- poachers and by agricultural settlements what we do with petroleum.” Pretending ronmental social science at F&ES, has opened up as political favors. Meanwhile,

environment:YALE Fall 2007 7 the perfectly legal charcoal merchants in for poverty alleviation, the potential of the incredible subsidies.’” One result is that Narok pay their bribes. The trade is doubly Jatropha for empowerment of women,” new corn ethanol refineries tend to rely on baffling, according to Bailis, because con- said Bailis. “There’s a lot of pressure on coal, because natural gas and other clean verting such marginal land to wheat farming this little plant.” power sources are more expensive. is likely to yield only a modest profit at But the likelihood is that Jatropha will The first official effort to take account best, and none at all during the frequent prove more economical in large-scale pro- of the real differences among biofuels droughts. The charcoal cutters and farmers duction. “That’s not to say the smallholder became law in California in January 2007. are displacing the wildlife that makes the model, with poverty alleviation, wouldn’t Rather than blindly embracing the biofuel Masai Mara Kenya’s top tourist attraction. work. It’s just that other models might label, the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard And tourism is the country’s leading work better,” said Bailis. So unless regula- requires that the total carbon content per source of hard currency. tions are in place and enforced, Jatropha is gallon of fuel, regardless of type, must Bailis hopes next to launch a pilot liable to cause social disruption in Kenya. decline by 10 percent by 2020. “This project to see if the charcoal trade, Kenya’s It won’t lead to the sort of large-scale land low-carbon metric says we’re going to top energy source ahead of oil and coal, conversion now occurring in Indonesia, judge all fuels based on their merit, and can be conducted on a sustainable basis. according to Bailis. But Jatropha could that message needs to escalate up to the The woodlands around Narok are resilient take over productive farmland, putting federal level pretty fast,” said Kammen. and might be economically viable with a competitive pressure on Kenya’s food (Presidential candidates Barack Obama combination of selective cutting and live- supply and thus aggravating poverty and John McCain have already endorsed stock grazing. Kenya also has other instead of alleviating it. similar plans.) An international panel, the biofuel options, including a large sugar Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels, organ- cane industry, with the potential for affling is also the word that ized by Switzerland’s École Polytechnique exploiting waste products to make comes to mind to describe the Fédérale de Lausanne Energy Center, is ethanol. But a previous stab at the busi- indiscriminate enthusiasm for also developing standards for environmen- B bioenergy in the United States, tally and socially sustainable biofuels, with which now has the largest biofuel program a first draft due in 2008. Federal policy and in the world. Federal policy and business Without such standards, critics say the investment alike have “been in this rush to pursuit of ostensibly “greener” fuels may business investment alike biofuels, as if all biofuels were created just aggravate existing environmental equal,” said Daniel Kammen, a public problems. This year alone, U.S. farmers have “been in this rush to policy professor at the University of planted an additional 9 million acres of biofuels, as if all biofuels California at Berkeley. Kammen co- corn to meet demand from the ethanol authored a 2006 paper in Science compar- market. But “corn causes more soil erosion were created equal.” ing greenhouse gas emissions for different than any other crop in the United States,” forms of bioenergy, which showed, he said Cornell’s Pimental. “Corn production Daniel Kammen said, “that they are dramatically not equal. uses more nitrogen fertilizer than any You could make ethanol from corn in a other crop, and the leachings go down the plant operated by coal, and that fuel is Mississippi and cause the dead zone in the ness in the 1980s failed, said Bailis, largely actually worse for the environment than Gulf of Mexico. Corn also uses more for political reasons. gasoline. But if you make ethanol from insecticides and herbicides than any other The incipient Jatropha industry, based cellulosic municipal waste in a plant run crop in the United States.” Some of this on an oil-rich shrub from India, also by natural gas or, even better, wind power, year’s extra acreage came from growing seems promising. It’s a good source of that’s orders of magnitude better than corn on the same land two years in a row, biodiesel, grows on marginal land with gasoline. But federal policy doesn’t distin- skipping the normal rotation to soybeans. minimal rainfall and requires relatively little guish along those lines. So it’s sending But soybeans fix nitrogen from the atmos- care. Like coffee, it’s also suitable for culti- industry the wrong signals. It’s saying, phere, and corn doesn’t. So without that vation by smallholders. And those qualities ‘Invest quickly in biofuels to get in on the boost, farmers will need to use even more encourage people “to put more and more game. We don’t really care which biofuels. nitrogen fertilizer next year. expectations on it – the potential of Jatropha In fact we’re biased toward corn because of Pimental also sees danger in the effort

8 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Jatropha, an oil-rich shrub from India, is a good source of biodiesel, grows on marginal land with minimal rainfall and requires relatively little care. Swazi workers cultivate jatropha in the impov- erished country of Mbabane, which is staking the revival of its economy on the environmentally friendly oil.

will require vast acreage and supply only a portion of likely energy demand. For instance, a 2004 Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) report, “Growing Energy: How Biofuels Can Help End America’s Oil Dependence,” said it could take 114 million acres of switchgrass to produce about 56 percent of the projected to shift from the cob to the stalk as the land, without pesticides or fertilizers, and fuel demand for cars and trucks in the raw material for ethanol production. At also provide habitat for wildlife. United States in 2050. A study from the least in theory, using the stover – the dried Iogen, a Canadian company, has built University of Tennessee said the United stalks and leaves of a cereal crop – would a cellulosic ethanol plant for wheat, oat States will need 50 to 100 million acres of reduce pressure on the food supply and and barley straw in Ottawa, Ontario. “dedicated energy crops like switchgrass” extract more product from the same Colorado-based Range Fuels is building a to supply 25 percent of the nation’s total inputs. But much of that “waste” material plant in Georgia, using wood chips as a energy use by 2025. Either way, these are now gets chopped up and plowed back feedstock. But the technology is still big numbers; the United States currently into the soil. Losing it would be “a disaster experimental. Whereas corn kernels con- has only about 800 million acres available for agriculture,” said Pimental. “We’re tain simple sugars that are easily fermented, for cultivation for food and all other already losing soil at 10 times the sustain- it’s harder to break down the complex car- nonforest purposes. ability rate on agricultural land generally.” bohydrates in cellulose and hemicellulose. Thus researchers routinely note that Ethanol from stover is an example of Some researchers expect that it will be bioenergy makes sense only as part of a cellulosic bioenergy, which many analysts years before cellulosic ethanol can com- broader attack on the causes of global now regard as the best hope for sustainably pete economically with gasoline or corn warming. In its “Growing Energy” report, replacing fossil fuels. Cellulosic biofuels ethanol. Others say the potential payoff for instance, the NRDC argued that the come from the tough, fibrous material that could make that happen much sooner: remedies must include “smart growth” makes up 75 to 85 percent of most plants The real attraction of cellulosic bioenergy provisions to avoid the sort of sprawling – not just corn, but also nonfood plants. is that it produces just 20 percent of the development that wastes energy, and a The likely sources include wood chips, total amount of greenhouse gases emitted dramatic improvement in vehicle efficiency, for instance, and the sludge from paper from gasoline, while corn ethanol produces, to an average of 50 miles per gallon. manufacturing, which now goes to land- at best, 70 percent of greenhouse gases. Together, those two measures could fills at a cost of $80 a ton. Thus cellulosic That’s partly because the manufacturing reduce the likely U.S. demand for gasoline biomass has the potential to provide energy process uses lignin, the woody material in in 2050 from 290 billion gallons a year, without driving up food prices. It could the plant, instead of coal or oil, to provide with business as usual, to just 108 billion even help feed Third World farm families, heat for fermentation. gallons. Combining those measures with Berkeley’s Kammen suggested, by providing But even if cellulosic bioenergy use of cellulosic biofuel could bring gaso- a market for waste material from the sweet becomes a practical reality, it will still run line demand down even further, to about 6 sorghum that is widely grown as a staple up against a fundamental barrier: there billion gallons a year. This fits with a food in Africa, Asia and Latin America. In simply isn’t enough land – or sea – to widespread sense that supply-side remedies, the United States, some cellulosic bioenergy grow our way out of the global warming like bioenergy, can provide about a third of crops, particularly native perennials like crisis. Most studies, while endorsing the the solution in the transport sector. But switchgrass, can grow well on marginal importance of bioenergy, project that it another two-thirds of the solution still

Fall 2007 9 needs to come from the demand side, multinational corporations. “Each time I every other form of bioenergy, it depends through conservation and efficiency go back, there are three more companies on where and how you grow the stuff. improvements. The second part of the clearing and bulldozing and negotiating.” Curran’s research has demonstrated that equation tends to get forgotten amid the Local people often want palm oil to come about 60 percent of the new plantations bioenergy hoopla. to their village because the plantations are on freshly cleared forestland. Setting “Two really important messages are hold out the promise of income. But “the aside the environmental issues, the decision getting lost in the rush to sexy and seem- vulnerability and risk to these communities to exploit forested land could ultimately ingly simple solutions like biofuels,” said are enormous,” said Curran. “Prices shift or jeopardize the agricultural investment – Nathanael Greene, principal author of the companies decide that this isn’t as profitable and the displaced villagers – as potential NRDC report. “The first is the paramount as they thought. …” Even when things go customers in Europe and elsewhere begin importance of improving our energy effi- well, the locals often end up as “inden- to look more carefully at whether a partic- ciency as much as possible. The second is tured servants” or worse on what used to ular biofuel is part of the solution or just that biofuels, while seemingly simple, are be their own land. On a recent visit, Curran another cause of the problem. incredibly hard to do right. And how we suddenly realized that many of the field About 20 percent of the greenhouse do them makes all the difference in whether workers had been shipped in from main- gas emissions produced worldwide by they are good for the environment or bad land China, depriving the locals of even human activity now comes from the for the environment.” the $2.50 daily wage for plantation work. clearing and burning of tropical forests, Accurately quantifying the global- according to an article co-authored by ew people see the consequences of warming effects of the rush to biodiesel is Curran in a recent issue of Science. If that as clearly as Lisa Curran. difficult, according to Curran, even with unchecked, this practice will release about Since the 1980s, her research has the help of satellite imagery, detailed meas- 100 billion tons of such emissions during F repeatedly taken her to the area urements of the carbon in peat and other the rest of this century, equivalent to about around Gunung Palung National Park in data. The numbers depend on whether a 10 years of fossil fuel greenhouse gas the West Kalimantan province of Borneo. particular plantation is producing edible emissions. Borneo is already a dispropor- She has seen most of the buffer zone oil or biodiesel, obviously, but also on tionately large part of the problem because around the park, and some of the park whether the planting takes place on itself, cut down by loggers over the past degraded land or on freshly cleared forest. two decades. But the development of oil Where there’s peat, the question becomes palm plantations, first for edible oil, and “Was the land cleared and burned? Or was recently for biodiesel, has proved more it cleared and burned and drained?” devastating. Extrapolating samples across broad areas “I thought logging was bad,” Curran can be tricky, because there are so many said last spring in New Haven, between variables. visits to Borneo. “But it was nothing like “Everybody in the environmental com- this. It’s a moonscape. They’re clearing and munity says oil palm is bad, but it’s a little burning and putting in an exotic plant, and more complicated than that,” said Curran. not even leaving patches of forest. I had a From an agricultural perspective, this student come in, and she said, ‘I came to West African palm can be a “miracle” Borneo and I didn’t see an animal or a tree plant, with “huge yields,” a broad range of the whole summer. Just a sea of oil palm.’” uses in foods and a high efficiency rate for Curran is studying the effects of this conversion into biodiesel. But as with dramatic change on global warming and on local environmental justice across 60 In the United States, some cellulosic affected villages. In the rush to biodiesel bioenergy crops, particularly native from palm oil, said Curran, the bulldozers perennials like switchgrass, can grow often simply show up, and small commu- well on marginal land, without pesti- nities or even individual smallholders find cides or fertilizers, and also provide themselves negotiating one-on-one with habitat for wildlife.

10 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies of its vast peat deposits. “Peat matters,” thereby kept out of the atmosphere. Political lucrative than soybeans. But the enormous said Curran. “Forest type matters. Burning and economic questions still need to be quantity of carbon stored in the peat could one hectare of peat can be 20 times worse resolved – particularly how to apportion justify a much higher global warming rent. in terms of greenhouse gas emissions than rent between governments of forest-rich The idea of renting a rainforest may a hectare of Amazonian rainforest.” nations and the local populations respon- seem far-fetched. But in the 1990s a “pay- In their Science article, Curran and her sible for maintaining a particular forest. ment for environmental services” program co-authors calculated that one of the least It’s also not clear, at least in the current succeeded in stopping deforestation in expensive ways to address global warming market, that the “rent-a-rainforest” idea Costa Rica. A similar program also exists would be to slow the worldwide rate of can compete with bioenergy. It depends, in the United States, where farmers receive deforestation. The article didn’t analyze how among other factors, on the price of carbon annual payments through the USDA costly or effective this would be compared Conservation Reserve Program for setting with bioenergy development. But it was aside sensitive or degraded lands. The hard to avoid the conclusion that attempt- Slowing the rate of program covers 36 million acres at an ing to fix global warming by cutting down annual cost of $1.8 billion, and produces rainforests to make room for bioenergy deforestation by half, an estimated $500 million a year in bene- plantations is a form of lunacy. According between now and 2050, fits from reduced erosion and $737 million to Curran and her co-authors, slowing the from wildlife viewing and hunting. No one rate of deforestation by half, between now would avoid the has yet calculated the value of the carbon and 2050, would avoid the equivalent of equivalent of six years being sequestered or the biofuel being six years of fossil fuel emissions, and it produced by keeping that land out of would provide up to 12 percent of the of fossil fuel emissions. annual crop production. total greenhouse gas reductions needed to Ideally, that kind of program could stabilize atmospheric carbon dioxide con- adjust to accommodate bioenergy demand, centrations. Those numbers suggest that and the type of forest, according to Brent according to John Sheehan, of the National bioenergy development and reduced defor- Sohngen ’96, an agriculture professor at Renewable Energy Laboratory. Farmers estation need to happen at the same time. Ohio State University. He included the could plant native grasses to harvest for And that means that some form of rental approach as one of the most cost- cellulosic ethanol, and still receive a compensation needs to be in place, so that effective ways to address global warming reduced rent from the Conservation a piece of intact forest has a cash value at in an analysis written with Robert Reserve Program for erosion control and least equal to what it would be worth if Mendelsohn, Ph.D. ’78, Edwin biodiversity benefits. cleared and converted into a bioenergy Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor of Forest Unfortunately, nothing that rational plantation. A variety of complications Policy at F&ES, titled “A Sensitivity seems likely to happen anytime soon. In caused nations that signed the Kyoto Analysis of Forest Carbon Sequestration,” the heedless rush to produce bioenergy, Protocol not to use payments for “avoided delivered at a 2004 energy modeling from Iowa to Kenya to Borneo, hardly deforestation” as a way to offset fossil fuel forum. Prices in the European emissions anyone is ready to stop just yet and ask, emissions. But at the instigation of some trading market are highly volatile. But if “Is this really good for the environment?” developing nations, the United Nations carbon were trading at, say, $20 a ton, Or even, “Is it a bubble?” In a year or two, Framework Convention on Climate Sohngen figures the annual emissions the whole thing could come crashing Change is now considering a change in trading value of keeping a hectare of South down in dust. But for now, farmers with that policy. Technological developments American rainforest intact would justify a dollar signs in their eyes are beginning to have also made it more practical to keep rent of about $120 a year. That might not pull their land out of the Conservation track of land changes in remote tropical be good enough, given that growing soy- Reserve Program – and plant it in corn for forests and to accurately calculate how beans on the same land could yield $150 ethanol. „ they affect the carbon balance. to $200 a year. So it’s rapidly become worthwhile for On the other hand, paying rent to wealthier nations, businesses or even indi- keep a forest in Borneo intact could make viduals to pay landowners who maintain immediate sense, on both sides of the their forests an annual “rent” for the carbon transaction. Oil palm can be even more

Fall 2007 11 Plans to Cap Greenhouse Gases Target Fossil Fuels at Their Source

By Steve Kemper

t’s rare when scientists, economists, In an upstream system of regulation, sup- first-sellers of raw fuels do business in the policy wonks, environmentalists, pliers of raw fuels would need permits for United States. Putting the control gate far-

corporate CEOs, the American the CO2 that their fuels would release ther downstream multiplies the emissions public and members of Congress somewhere downstream. By contrast, mid- sources that must be tracked and, hence, from both parties all want to pad- stream schemes focus on the points where the regulatory and bureaucratic headaches. dle the ship of state in the same fuels are transported, refined or distributed, “Some people want to have mileage general direction. Just such a blue-moon while downstream schemes attempt to standards for cars, efficiency standards for consensus has formed around the issue of regulate the points – the many millions of household products, mandates and so on global climate change. With one key points – where combusted fuels release down the line,” says Repetto. “Their exception – President George W. Bush – their gases through tailpipes, chimneys mindset is to identify all emission sources parties on all sides, including a number of and smokestacks. Hybrid systems target and design some particular regulation for energy companies, agree that the United sources both up and down the carbon each of them. A lot of these people,” he States must regulate greenhouse gases, stream. A few economists favor a straight adds dryly, “are lawyers.”

especially the carbon dioxide (CO2) that tax on CO2 – a long shot, since politicians Repetto also thinks upstream schemes accounts for about 85 percent of such are disinclined to support anything with are more fair than the alternatives, because emissions each year. the T-word attached. the price increase at the source will be felt Among the many proposals for control- Upstream proposals are getting the most by everyone based on consumption. “If

ling CO2, the favorites are various versions attention for many reasons, according to you’re using a ton of energy and putting of a cap-and-trade system combined with a Robert Repetto, professor in the practice of out a disproportionate share of emissions,” so-called upstream scheme. Cap-and-trade economics and sustainable development at he says, “you’ll pay a disproportionate sets a limit – a cap – on total emissions for a F&ES. He makes a strong case for them in share in terms of energy costs. Some uses certain period. Then the government issues a paper titled “National Climate Policy: will go on because they’re essential. If emissions permits that give companies the Choosing the Right Architecture,” published you’re running a semiconductor plant and

right to release a certain amount of CO2. in June for the Presidential Climate Action have to maintain temperatures at a certain Depending on whether they use more or Project. Upstream schemes are more effec- level, you’re going to go on doing it. But if less energy than their permits allow, com- tive than other systems, he writes, because you’re running a big-box warehouse and panies can buy or sell these permits on a they account for almost 100 percent of all can save energy by keeping the huge doors carbon trade market – hence the name fuels by measuring them at their sources. on the loading dock closed, you might do cap-and-trade. Midstream schemes, on the other hand, that. If you have a Sunglass Hut and are

Upstream schemes target raw fuels – detect less than half of CO2 emissions. leaving your door open to the pedestrian coal, crude oil and natural gas – at their Upstream systems are also easier to monitor mall so that you’re air conditioning the sources, before they enter the energy grid. and enforce, because only about 2,000 sidewalk, you might close your door.”

12 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Everyone from the permit holders at the could make windfall, or excessive, profits. the EU. In June, the EU’s environmental source to the end-users downstream will As proof, they point to the European commissioner announced that when the be motivated to use less fuel. This will Union (EU). In 2005, the EU began the program’s next phase begins in 2012, most, have the dual benefit of tempering the first phase of its commitment to cut carbon if not all, of the permits will be auctioned price increases and spurring innovation in emissions under the Kyoto Protocol. Most – that is, businesses and industries will bid energy-efficient technologies. analysts now agree that the EU’s system for the permits and market forces will set Advocates of an upstream system agree has several gaping flaws, starting with its the price, with the revenues going to an on these advantages, but part ways on two midstream control gate, which leaves out EU carbon authority. important variations of it. The first: should more than half of all carbon emissions. In U.S. analysts and politicians took the government give away some or all of the hindsight, it’s also clear that the EU program notice of the EU’s experience. In 2004, for carbon permits – that is, the right to emit a blundered in its allocation of carbon per- instance, the National Commission on set amount of CO2 – to energy suppliers to mits. It not only gave all the permits free Energy Policy, a bipartisan group of 20 compensate them for rising fuel costs? Or to power companies, oil refineries and energy experts from industry, government, should the permits be auctioned to raise energy-intensive industries, it also issued labor, academia and environmental groups revenue? And if some or all of the permits far too many after intensive lobbying by that supports an upstream policy, recom- are auctioned, how should the money be industry. These businesses reaped a double mended giving away 90 percent of the used? bonanza. Since the permits could be traded, allowances; in April 2007, citing the EU’s The second issue is thornier. Some companies could sell their surplus carbon experience, the commission changed its economists favor a policy that puts a hard credits to other energy users. And since the recommendation to half free, half auctioned. cap – an absolute limit – on CO2 emissions permits carried a monetary value, many Robert Stavins, Albert Pratt Professor for a set period, and then lets the price of companies also treated them as a cost on of Business and Government at Harvard’s carbon permits fluctuate on an open mar- their books that could be passed on to John F. Kennedy School of Government, ket. Other economists want a policy that consumers. The result was windfall profits. has altered his views on allowances for the sets an upper limit on the price of permits A study by the British government found same reason. In a proposal that he’s devel- and thus protects the economy against that power companies in that country oping for the Hamilton Project at the exorbitant increases in energy costs. In made about $1 billion from free allowances Brookings Institution, he will recommend this model, if the permit price reaches the in 2005. The same happened throughout an even split between free and auctioned established ceiling, the government relieves the upward pressure on costs by issuing more permits, which causes the price to drop. Economists call this provision a “safety valve,” because it keeps permit prices from getting out of control and playing havoc with the economy. But those extra permits would also result in more emissions, which would puncture the CO2 cap. For that reason, most environmentalists and some economists, including Repetto, dislike safety valves. The upshot is that one side wants a hard cap on carbon emissions, while the other side wants a hard cap on permit prices. Let’s start with the issue of permits (sometimes called allowances or alloca- tions). Because the number of permits will be limited, they will be valuable. If the government gives them free to energy companies, critics say, the companies Illustration by James Yang

Fall 2007 13 permits, with the free ones phased out over affected parties. The idea was to galvanize “trigger” price is low, companies spend

25 years. He thinks that any CO2 legislation public support for CO2 regulation, and the less for the right to emit more CO2. “And will have to include free permits to be plan was praised by, among others, the then businesses won’t have to change politically feasible. Most of the bills now Congressional Budget Office. But critics anything,” says Repetto. “They’ll treat floating around Congress call for some pointed out that it wouldn’t change people’s the cost as a price of doing business and percentage of free allowances to industry, energy habits, because it wouldn’t reward pass it along,” with scant benefit to the but none call for 100 percent, and most conservation; it wouldn’t be fair – “Warren environment. call for a phaseout of free permits. Buffett would get the same check as every- His political argument leads into his On the other hand, auctioning the body else,” notes Repetto; and it would economic one: a low trigger price would

permits would generate huge revenues create another bureaucracy. Sky Trust fell mean more permits, more CO2 emissions for the government. Estimates range from off the radar. and a busted carbon cap. “If you think $50 billion to $300 billion annually. That Morgenstern doesn’t lament that, since that the economic damages from climate makes Robert Mendelsohn, Ph.D. ’78, he now would cut the “money pie” differ- change can mount very heavily if we don’t Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor of ently, spreading it to industries and small limit emissions,” he says, “then we need Forest Policy and a professor of economics towns hurt by higher energy costs and to insurance against that happening – which at the Yale School of Management, nervous. programs that encourage new energy tech- means a stricter cap, not one that can be “If Congress would use the money to nologies. “Designing a program that obliterated by a safety valve.” eliminate the Social Security tax, that addresses multiple objectives is where the The main argument for a safety valve

would be fine,” he says, “but I strongly game is now,” he says. is economic uncertainty. CO2 regulation suspect that they will use it wastefully on would raise the price of energy, which pet projects.” For that reason, he would o matter how these would affect every level of society, from steel give away 90 percent of the allowances. disagreements about producers to retailers, suburban commuters Repetto, on the other hand, would allowances play out, and retirees in condos. It would cost more award only “a small fraction” of free the targets chosen for to make products, heat buildings, transport

allowances to a few energy companies to reducing CO2 would goods and drive to work. No one knows compensate them for the loss in sales stay the same. That what sort of economic chain reactions

caused by a CO2 program. The rest would might not be true if the policy contains a might be put in motion as the effects of be auctioned, with the money used in any safety valve, a more divisive issue. “The higher energy costs ricochet among industry, number of socially beneficial ways: to cut price cap or safety valve has emerged as business, markets and consumers. the program’s costs through tax cuts or tax perhaps the single most contentious element “There’s legitimate uncertainty about credits, encourage innovation in new tech- of the Commission’s 2004 proposal,” said a the future,” says RFF’s Morgenstern. “We nology or soften the program’s impact on 2007 report by the National Commission on could have a failure of some technology or vulnerable households and businesses. Energy Policy. “More than two years later, another, or we could have unusual weather Richard Morgenstern, a senior fellow we continue to believe that the cost certainty patterns, which could lead to a dramatic at Resources for the Future (RFF), a provided by this mechanism is critical to run-up in permit prices. A safety valve is Washington, D.C., think tank that focuses forging the political consensus needed to designed to deal with that. It’s like an on the economics of environmental and move forward without further delay.” insurance policy.” For instance, if a energy issues, agrees with Repetto about Repetto understands the economic and nuclear plant had to be shut down or if the auction percentage: “The more the bet- political reasoning behind this position, power supplies were strained by a long ter.” But his thinking also has changed. In but counters with economic and political stretch of extremely hot weather, the 2002, he wrote a paper in support of the arguments of his own. On the political demand for energy from fossil fuels would

“Sky Trust” variation on upstream schemes. side, he suspects that if a CO2 bill includes spike. But before they could sell the extra Under Sky Trust, CO2 allowances would a safety valve that puts a ceiling on the fuel, suppliers would need to buy more be auctioned and most of the money – price of carbon permits, the energy industry carbon permits. The demand would drive Morgenstern suggested 75 percent – would will lobby successfully to keep that ceiling up the price of permits, and those costs be shared equally by all households in the as low as possible, because when permits would be passed down through the entire form of a check. The other 25 percent reach the safety-valve price, the government economy. would go to the states for distribution to issues more permits at that price. If this

14 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies As a cautionary example, Morgenstern turn out the innovations we need to get to problem is going to get more serious over points to RECLAIM, Southern California’s these emissions targets.” time. That’s a good message to give to cap-and-trade program to reduce nitrogen Keohane adds that any CO2 legislation firms, because they know not only what oxide emissions. The program didn’t have will need the support of the environmental they’re going to face immediately, but what a safety valve, and when community. “And that they need to plan for in the future so they an electric energy crunch means no safety valve.” can make adaptations.” hit in 2000 and 2001, the “I know that environ- Repetto counters that other mechanisms price of permits followed “If the market mental advocates are can moderate permit prices without sacri- the law of supply and is given a drawing a line in the sand ficing the carbon cap. For instance, he demand, spiking to hard cap and and saying, ‘No safety proposes letting firms “bank and borrow” 20 times their usual cost, valves,’” says Harvard’s CO2 credits across five-year periods. For causing an uproar. “The the right Stavins, “but they need instance, a firm that quickly implemented state responded by incentives, to recognize that what’s ways to conserve fuel and didn’t use all of suspending the entire it will turn going to happen is that its permits during one period could “bank” program for a while,” says trading will be suspended, the surplus and use it in the future to Morgenstern, “which out the the system will be suspend- expand operations. Likewise, if a company certainly didn’t do the innovations ed and carbon emissions faced unexpected energy needs during one environment any good.” we need. ...” will not be constrained. cycle, it could “borrow” credits against the But neither would That’s what happened in next cycle and repay them then. This extra CO2 emissions, says Southern California, and would give firms flexibility, time to plan Nathaniel Keohane. Now that’s what will happen in and the means to ride out unexpected on leave from the Yale School of the United States, because no one is going price increases – and the total CO2 emis- Management, where he is an associate pro- to tolerate dramatically high prices. The sions over 10 years would not change, so fessor of economics, Keohane is spending virtue of the safety valve is that it manages the carbon cap would be preserved. the year as senior economist on climate price volatility and eliminates this upside A safety valve also would make trading change policy at Environmental Defense. uncertainty.” difficult on the developing international Like other environmental advocacy Morgenstern thinks that a safety valve carbon market, where price caps don’t groups, Environmental Defense vehement- can help create public support for CO2 exist. If the international price were lower ly opposes a safety valve – a position regulation and also counteract the energy than the U.S. trigger price, U.S. firms would shared, Keohane points out, with Shell, industry’s inevitable scare tactics. “Back in buy permits abroad. If the domestic cap DuPont, GE, GM and other large corpora- the Kyoto days,” he says, “the industry ran was lower than the international price, tions that are part of the United States very effective ads showing a couple sitting firms would buy permits to sell abroad. In

Climate Action Partnership, a coalition of around their kitchen saying, ‘Gee, I want both cases, more CO2 would be emitted. environmental groups and companies that to do the right thing, but I don’t want to Far better, says Repetto, to have one global supports valveless upstream regulation. lose my job and bankrupt society.’ There market for carbon. Keohane agrees that the economic effects will be ads like that again. The safety valve If upstream legislation does include a of CO2 regulation are uncertain, but cuts the legs out of that entirely, because it price cap for permits, where should the echoes Repetto’s point that so are the eco- sets in place a method that protects society cap be set? Again, opinions vary widely, nomic effects of climate change, if green- and prevents things from getting uncon- though everyone agrees that the price house gases continue to accumulate. trolled. So you can do the right thing and should rise over time. Mendelsohn suggests

“We know catastrophic damages are you can get started on this process and starting at $2 to $10 per ton of CO2. The possible, but we don’t know how likely ramp it up over time.” National Commission on Energy Policy those are,” he says. “So do you protect the Mendelsohn points out that a safety recommends $10. Morgenstern proposes economy and gamble on the climate, or do valve also reassures business and industry $12 to $15, which sounds reasonable to you protect the climate and gamble that that prices won’t get out of hand before Stavins. To Repetto, these figures sound innovation will get us to where we want to there’s time to adjust. “The price cap for too low to send an economic signal strong go? We trust that if the market is given a carbon permits should rise over time,” enough to alter behavior and stimulate hard cap and the right incentives, it will says Mendelsohn, “because we think the innovation. Pushed to name a number he

Fall 2007 15 could live with, he suggests $30. “There’s who demolishes it in the paper for the lion’s share of the accumulated greenhouse nothing intrinsically wrong with a price Presidential Climate Action Project in gases caused by fossil fuels, acts first. cap,” he adds, “if it were high enough so June. He notes that industry always makes The time seems ripe. Every important that it really was an insurance policy that these dire predictions, “despite very little constituency, except the White House, guarded against improbable but catastrophic empirical support,” whenever environ- wants federal action. This general consensus events.” mental legislation is pending. He points comes with a few downsides. Everyone Repetto points out that a system with- out that most of our main trading partners involved wants to leave their fingerprints out a safety valve would have another (for example, Japan, Canada and the EU on the regulations. “Most legislation is

wonderful side-effect: the virtual elimina- countries) have already enacted CO2 narrowly focused,” says Morgenstern, tion of our Byzantine system of energy regulations, yet businesses from those “but this will be a complicated piece of subsidies, which distort the market and countries are not moving here to escape legislation, because it affects just about probably raise prices. Subsidies encourage their supposed competitive disadvantage. everybody in society, and many interest increased production of energy by making “And second, most of the sectors that groups are energized by it. It’s hard for it profitable for companies to extract fossil would be hardest hit are nontradeables our political process to cut all the deals fuels in ways and places that otherwise internationally” – commodities such as necessary to craft that kind of legislation. wouldn’t be cost-effective. But an upstream electricity, transportation, real estate and It’s probably fair to say that you need system with no safety valve puts a hard cap government services. The exceptions are presidential leadership.” on how much fossil fuel can be produced energy-intensive industries such as chemi- In his paper, Repetto warns that the and consumed. Since a subsidy would be cals, metals and cement, initial architecture of the worthless without a permit and since which could make a case legislation is crucial. If the permits would be limited, many subsidies for protection against Everyone agrees wrong system is chosen or would go unused. imports from countries if political expediency In addition – and this clearly delights without CO2 regulations. that action on CO2 prevails, the cost over a Repetto as an economist – if the permits Countries without decade could be an extra are auctioned, energy companies end up such regulations, which by the United $1.75 trillion, plus further paying for their subsidies. Repetto explains: currently include the States will be damages to the environ- “Think about an oil producer who has a United States, are the ment. Bad policies are subsidy, so he has oil that would be prof- biggest international irrelevant unless also hard to correct later itable to produce, but he can’t without a issue. Everyone agrees China and India because of “policy lock-in,” permit. So what is he going to try to do? that action on CO2 by meaning that a new policy Buy a permit. When he does that, he’s the United States ulti- pass their own requires large investments going to end up bidding up the price. So if mately will be irrelevant of money, time and learn- the government auctions the permits, it unless big up-and-coming strict regulations. ing, investments that policy gets the subsidy back, essentially by making polluters such as China makers are reluctant to the energy companies pay for their subsi- and India follow suit and replace later on for an dies through higher permit prices. And pass their own strict regulations. expensive new model. Similarly, bureau- here’s the kicker: since renewable-energy According to the National Commission on cracies and interest groups accumulate producers don’t need permits, they get to Energy Policy, China is opening a new around the new policy and become its keep their subsidies. So in one fell swoop, coal-burning power plant every seven to defenders against major change. That’s you get rid of the fossil fuel subsidies and 10 days. The International Energy Agency why it’s important to get the policy right keep all the renewable-energy subsidies. It’s estimates that in 2009 – a decade ahead of the first time. one of the neatest things about the system.” previous estimates – China will surpass the “I’m hopeful that what will come out Though allowances and safety valves United States as the world’s biggest emitter of the legislative process is a good solid

are the most divisive issues at the moment, of CO2. India expects its coal consump- architecture that is both effective and any upstream regulation of CO2 will have tion to triple over the next 30 to 40 years, cost-effective,” says Repetto. After that, he to consider several other sticky matters. says Repetto, who has started studying the adds, comes the other big question: how

Some businesses claim that CO2 regulation issue. But neither China nor India is likely ambitious will the government be in its will put them at a competitive disadvantage. to do anything about CO2 unless the CO2 targets and timetables? „ “It’s a ridiculous argument,” says Repetto, United States, which is responsible for the

16 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies bookshelf Doing Time in the Garden: Life Lessons Through Prison Horticulture In Doing Time in the Garden: Life Lessons Through Prison Horticulture, James Jiler ’95 details the development of an effort to break the cycle of recidivism for 65 percent of former inmates of Rikers Island, which is the largest prison in the United States with 130,000 inmates. The program Jiler helped to create focuses on gardening, horticultural and landscape design skills, as well as the science and ecology of gardening. He empha- sizes the importance of providing ex-offenders with jobs that keep them productive and learning as they face the difficult task of reintegrating into society. He also describes how the program can be developed and adapted to other jails and prisons with different populations and individual challenges. In describing the transformation of a prison landscape and the work of ex-offender “interns” in greening city blocks, he declares that “people are nature too,” and that they respond – just as other parts of nature do – to the quality of care they receive. The book is published by New Village Press. To purchase a copy, visit www.newvillagepress.net or www.amazon.com.

A Forester’s Legacy: Leviathan: The History The Life of Joseph E. Ibberson of Whaling in America In A Forester’s Legacy: The Life of Joseph E. Ibberson, The 300-year story of the American Henry Gerhold ’56, Ph.D. ’59, writes of Joseph Ibberson whaling industry, chronicled in ’48 as having been born into humble circumstances, but Leviathan: The History of Whaling lacking nothing when it came to vision and drive. From in America, has long captured the an early age, Ibberson worked and saved for the time imagination of historians, politicians, when he could pursue a professional education in forestry. artists and storytellers. Eric Jay His journey led him to Pennsylvania’s Bureau of Forestry, Dolin ’88 chronicles an industry that where he earned both renown and respect as an innova- was notably wasteful, exploitative tor and conservationist. He also acquired great wealth in and often treacherous, but pre- the stock market, which he later donated in the form of sents a broad range of material real estate for conservation and endowed chairs in coherently and without sensationalism. forestry at Penn State. Alongside the personal history, Dolin begins his narrative with Captain John Smith’s Gerhold tells the saga of the failed whaling expedition to the New World in 1614 and Pennsylvania Bureau of carries it through to the beginning of the 20th century, Forestry, filled with Ibberson’s when the industry died. While the industry grew and recollections, photographs the whaling fleet expanded, the myth of the whaler and archival materials. The grew as well. By the time crude oil had carved the heart book is published by the out of whaling prosperity, the tales of adventure, fortune Pennsylvania Forestry and loss had been etched into American culture. Dolin’s Association in association story offers contemporary readers a powerful illustration with Stackpole Books. To of the dangers related to neglecting the stewardship of purchase a copy, visit resources, one that is likely to resonate today. The book www.amazon.com. is published by W.W. Norton. To purchase a copy, visit www.amazon.com.

Fall 2007 17 shelf

Peace Parks: Conservation and Sippewissett: Conflict Resolution Or, Life on

book Peace Parks, edited by Saleem Ali ’96, is a collection a Salt Marsh of 17 essays that explore the connection between ecology In Sippewissett: Or, and peace. For many years, the World Conservation Life on a Salt Marsh, Union (IUCN) has promoted transboundary protected Tim Traver ’87 provides a areas, which are the subject of this book. The authors seamless blend of history, make the case that inextricable links exist between the science and memoir environment, sustainable development, peace and security. relating to the many Further, a growing body of evidence indicates that trans- convergences that boundary protected areas can play a role in conflict reso- make up the ecological lution and, in the aftermath of conflict, can contribute to reality of a remarkable building bridges between nations and people. Essays in the stretch of land cozying up to Buzzards Bay on volume range from hard statistical analyses to theoretical the coast of Massachusetts. From start to finish, he makes considerations, as well as proposals for peace parks in a strong case for the place of science in finding, under- specific geopolitical locations. Ali frames the standing and acting on one’s deepest values. The book is collection with an introduction on the natural published by Chelsea Green Publishing. To purchase a connection between ecology and peace and a copy, visit www.chelseagreen.com or www.amazon.com. conclusion that focuses on implementing the vision of peace parks. The book is published by MIT Press. To purchase a copy, visit Land and Natural Development www.mitpress.mit.edu or www.amazon.com. (LAND) Code: Guidelines for Sustainable Land Development Wild New England: In Land and Natural Development (LAND) Code: A Celebration of Guidelines for Sustainable Land Development, co-authors Our Region’s Gaboury Benoit, professor of environmental chemistry and of environmental engineering at F&ES, and Diana Natural Beauty Balmori, a landscape architect and lecturer in landscape In Wild New England: A and urban history at Yale, have created a rating system Celebration of Our Region’s to encourage ecologically sound land development. The Natural Beauty, Stephen Gorman book provides architects, engineers, landscape architects, ’88, a writer, photographer and developers and city officials with a science-based rating wilderness traveler, draws not system that awards either a silver, gold or platinum desig- only on his own observations but also on the thoughts nation based on how well a parcel of land is developed and expressions of such pioneers in conservation as in harmony with the natural Henry David Thoreau and Percival Baxter. The book environment. It also includes includes stunning photographs that transport the reader easy-to-read chapters on through the four seasons, to the northernmost coast of water, soil, air, energy, living Maine, through forestland, along the Appalachian Trail, to resources and materials, rivers and lakes, onto mountaintops and beside the and contains examples of “Great Beach” of Cape Cod National Seashore. The book projects that have been is published by Voyageur Press. To purchase a copy, visit sustainably developed. To www.voyageurpress.com or www.amazon.com. purchase a copy, visit www.wiley.com.

18 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Olin Partnership Aquatic plants in the pond, above, will play a crucial role in cleansing stormwater, which will be used for landscape irrigation and toilets.

Kroon Hall’s Rainwater Harvesting System to Save Half-Million Gallons a Year

By Alan Bisbort

hen ground was broken on “The rainwater harvesting system gallons of potable water annually, and will May 3 for Kroon Hall, will conserve water, contribute to better satisfy at least six LEED credits, including Edward Bass – a major water quality and control the rate of two points for stormwater management W donor whose generosity runoff during a storm by detaining and and four points for water efficiency. helped make the school’s landmark slowly releasing excess stormwater,” said LEED platinum buildings must achieve building a reality – pointed skyward and Nicole Holmes, the project manager for 52 to 69 credit points. said, “We can only go up from here.” Boston-based Nitsch Engineering. “That Bass’ enthusiasm notwithstanding, will be beneficial to the city and the the architects and engineers had other environment, because the school will be “This system will pay ideas. Indeed, in order to meet the speci- drawing less water from the city’s aquifer fications for a Leadership in Energy and and not be using any drinking water for for itself, with savings from Environmental Design (LEED)-certified irrigation or toilets.” platinum building, the construction The rainwater harvesting system, the potable water that team had to go down from there – as collaboratively designed by Nitsch in underground. Engineering, Philadelphia-based Olin would have been used, To qualify for a platinum rating – the Partnership and Arup, an engineering highest set by the U.S. Green Building firm with offices in the United States and within 10 years or so.” Council – Kroon Hall must produce Europe, will allow all rainwater that falls nearly as much energy as it consumes on Kroon Hall’s roof and grounds to Nicole Holmes through features such as solar panels, enter into a 24-hour-a-day recycling solar water heaters, natural light and process that will take place in a pond ventilation. Of the underground features, and subterranean tanks. Together, Nitsch “The biggest challenge was the steep the most exciting may be a rainwater and Olin transformed the current patch- terrain of the site, with its 20-foot slope harvesting system that will provide water work of above-ground service roads into from north to south,” said Holmes. “We for flushing toilets, as well as for irrigating “watering holes,” figuratively and literally had to look to the lower [south] end of the native fauna in the two courtyards on – gathering places for students, as well the site for the treatment aspect of the the 3.5-acre site. And, thanks to a recent as for the reuse of harvested rainwater. rainwater collection system. However, $1.5 million donation from the Mars The rainwater harvesting system is the south side of the site sits just above family, this feature will be made possible. expected to save approximately 500,000 an underground service node. For treating

Fall 2007 19 Illustration by Gregory Nemec

water, this allows very little ground soil,” said Cricket Brien, an Olin associate. The first inch of stormwater from the space within which to work.” “But we had only one foot of space above north side of Kroon Hall's roof and the Holmes said the goal will be to get the the service node to work with. We had ground that collects in the tank at upper dirty water treated quickly. “The dirtiest to think of another way. We consulted right will empty into the pond, where it will be cleansed and diverted into the portion of storm-generated water is the pond scientists who had devised rafts of larger harvesting tank. The water in the first inch that runs off of impervious plants specifically designed to clean water. harvesting tank will be pumped to another surfaces. To catch this, we had to have a We discovered that mats of trailing roots tank for use inside Kroon Hall and back diversion structure upstream, at the north in a pond are more effective at cleaning into the pond for additional cleansing. end. All of the water that falls on the runoff water than soil. They not only northern part of the site and through the take the nitrogen and phosphates out of separate 940-gallon “day” tank located rooftop drainage system goes through the water, they trap fine particles, too.” in Kroon Hall’s basement, where it will be this diversion system.” Any flows greater than an inch will filtered and disinfected for use in toilets. A The diversion system will consist of be carried by a separate pipe to a 20,000- hookup to a city line will provide water an underground manhole-type structure gallon fiberglass-reinforced underground for drinking and washing. that will pipe the first inch of stormwater harvesting tank, which will also collect “Part of what is unique about this to a pond created by Olin that will feature overflow from the pond and rainwater project is that Yale, as an institution, has specially selected aquatic plants, such as from the Kroon Hall roof. That mix will looked at the long-range impact,” said iris, cattails, arrowheads and lotuses, then be circulated through the pond for Holmes. “This system will pay for itself, serving as biofilters to clean the water. additional cleansing. The water stored in with savings from the potable water that “We first thought that the best way the harvesting tank will also be used for would have been used, within 10 years to clean the water was to pull it through landscape irrigation and be diverted to a or so.” „

20 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies at theschool

Yale to Launch Online Speth said the online magazine to the site. The magazine also will Environmental will welcome op-ed-type articles seek contributions from leading Magazine from a wide variety of sources and thinkers in foreign affairs, interna- will publish opinion and reported tional development, “green” business Yale University and F&ES are pieces written by some of the world’s and the environmental movement. launching an online magazine that leading scientists and researchers, Launching a global, online aims to become one of the world’s environmental journalists and environmental magazine is in keep- leading sites for authoritative, writers. Taking advantage of the ing with two major goals of Yale cutting-edge opinion, commentary online format, the site will present and President Levin: making the and in-depth reporting on the major multimedia content, including university an increasingly interna- environmental issues of the day. video and audio that will feature tional institution and intensifying The Web publication, reports from the field and interviews, its focus on environmental issues. YaleEnvironment Online, will be as well as panel discussions, blogs YaleEnvironment Online is being edited by Roger Cohn, the award- by guest writers and interactive funded in part by grants from the winning former editor of Mother graphics. YaleEnvironment Online William and Flora Hewlett Jones and Audubon magazines. In also will highlight noteworthy arti- Foundation and from the John D. announcing Cohn’s appointment, cles and documents from outside and Catherine T. MacArthur Yale President Richard Levin said, sources and will provide compre- Foundation. “The time is right for a global pub- hensive background summaries of “Yale is working on many lication that will serve as a forum pressing environmental topics. fronts to be one of the world’s for provocative writing and think- “We believe that there is a need leading green universities,” Levin ing on ways to for a dynamic Web publication, said. “With YaleEnvironment tackle urgent international in its reach, that will Online, it will move to the fore- environmental provide authoritative journalism, front of reporting on and finding challenges.” sound science and informed opinion solutions to the most pressing F&ES Dean and analysis on the environment,” environmental issues of our time.” Gus Speth noted said Speth. “YaleEnvironment Cohn comes to YaleEnvironment that the magazine, Online will deliver first-rate report- Online from a distinguished career which will begin ing and commentary and will help in magazine and newspaper jour- Richard Shock publication this Roger Cohn make the science of environmental nalism, much of it focused on the spring, is coming issues understandable and accessible environment. During his tenure as online at a moment of unprece- to a worldwide audience.” editor-in-chief at Mother Jones, dented concern about environmental The site will provide an from 1999 to 2005, he revitalized issues, sparked in large measure by important connection between the the magazine, focusing on in-depth growing evidence of the effects of academic community and other investigative reporting and top- global warming. That intensifying communities working on environ- quality writing. In 2001, Mother interest, coupled with the virtual mental issues, but it will be written Jones won the prestigious National nature of YaleEnvironment Online, for a general audience. Using Magazine Award for General has created an opportunity to the F&ES as a springboard, Excellence. Under his editorship, publish a journal that will appeal YaleEnvironment Online will estab- Mother Jones’ circulation rose to an to an international audience of lish contacts with academics and all-time high, and the magazine fre- policy makers, scientists, journal- environmental experts at universities quently broke stories that received ists, environmental activists and and organizations around the world national attention, including an general readers. and will invite them to contribute

Fall 2007 21 school

award-winning series on the Bush The GfK Roper/Yale Survey on and concentrate new development administration’s environmental Environmental Issues is the first near the city/town center. record. of its kind to measure public opinion • 65 percent would support Prior to that, Cohn was execu- of local government-led green ini- changing their city/town’s zoning

at the tive editor of Audubon from 1991 tiatives. The survey was conducted rules to require neighborhoods to to 1998, helping lead the magazine by GfK Roper Public Affairs and have a mix of housing, offices, during a period when it became Media, a division of GfK Custom industry, schools and stores close nationally known for its cutting- Research North America, and together. edge environmental reporting. He F&ES. The results are available • 53 percent would back city or had previously been a staff writer at at http://environment.yale.edu/ local fees added to electricity bills The Philadelphia Inquirer, where he news/5323/. to encourage people to use less served as one of the nation’s first According to the survey, 74 electricity. environmental reporters. percent of Americans would support Fifty-seven percent of Americans, Cohn, Yale College Class of local regulations requiring all however, oppose changing city 1973, has written widely for newly constructed homes to be zoning rules to promote construction numerous publications, including more energy-efficient, even if it of apartments rather than single- The New York Times Magazine, would increase the initial cost of a family homes, and 64 percent The Washington Post Magazine and new home by roughly $7,500. oppose a 10-cent city or local fee Outside magazine. He has also been Saving energy and money on on each gallon of gas sold to a visiting professor at the Graduate utility bills is also what motivated encourage people to use less fuel. School of Journalism at the 72 percent of Americans to say University of California at Berkeley. they support local subsidies to Dean Speth encourage homeowners to install Appointed Carl W. electricity-generating solar panels Poll: Majority of Knobloch, Jr. Dean Americans Want on existing homes, even if it would cost households an extra $5 per Gus Speth, who has led F&ES Local Action on month in property taxes. for the past eight years, has been Global Warming The survey also found that: appointed the inaugural Carl W. Nearly three in four Americans • 71 percent would pay $5 a Knobloch, Jr. Dean. would pay more to their own city month more in property taxes to Carl Knobloch, Yale College or local government to reduce the support a local subsidy to encour- Class of 1951, said that his gift is a heat-trapping gases that cause global age homeowners to replace old vote of confidence in the school’s warming, according to a telephone furnaces, water heaters, air condi- mission and a generous contribution survey conducted in September. tioners, light bulbs and insulation. to the $3 billion Yale Tomorrow “City and local leaders are criti- • 69 percent would pay $8.50 capital campaign. cal players in the effort to reduce more a month for local regulations “My wife, Emily, and I consider global warming, and it’s clear that requiring electric utilities to produce F&ES to be the number one school their constituents want action,” at least 20 percent of their electricity of its kind in the world,” said said Anthony Leiserowitz, director from wind, solar and other renew- Knobloch, a Wyoming-based busi- of the Yale Project on Climate able energy sources. nessman and philanthropist, who Change. “The public is on board • 68 percent would support founded and chairs the West Hill and willing to help foot the bill. All changing their city/town’s zoning Foundation for Nature, a nonprofit that’s left to do now is act.” rules to decrease suburban sprawl corporation that supports environ- mental projects.

22 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies “The preservation of our on Environmental Quality. In conducted in China and India, natural ecosystems is critical to addition to numerous articles, his whose rapidly industrializing the continued economic strength latest book, Red Sky at Morning: economies are putting a strain on of our country, as well as the America and the Crisis of the natural resources. The program’s health of all Global Environment, has been ultimate goal is to encourage Americans,” widely recognized. ecologically sustainable industrial he said. Prior to endowing the new production that is fueled by firms “There is an deanship, Knobloch contributed that share resources and waste. impending funding to F&ES in 2005 to create “Industrial ecology is especially crisis in the the Carl and Emily Knobloch critical for developing countries, degradation Environment Center. The center where large, poor populations are of the world’s will be the premier gathering place urbanizing rapidly and depleting

Laura HeathLaura environment, for environmental activities at the key resources,” said Marian Carl Knobloch Jr. which we must university and will be located in Chertow, Ph.D.’00, director of the prevent for the sake of our chil- Kroon Hall, a new sustainable home program at Yale’s Center for dren and their children. F&ES for the school that is scheduled to Industrial Ecology. “Resource pro- Visit the Yale is the finest training ground for open in late 2008. ductivity and eco-efficient indus- School of Forestry those who will forge the way.” “The deanship will stand as a try are urgently needed to address & Environmental During his tenure, Dean Speth permanent tribute to Mr. Knobloch these challenges to sustainable Studies website at has played a key role in increasing and his exceptional commitment development.” environment.yale.edu national and international aware- to F&ES and its mission of safe- The Chinese government has ness of the world’s most pressing guarding the health, integrity and already created 16 eco-industrial climate issues. He has been credited, beauty of the natural world,” said park projects that are intended to as well, with shepherding F&ES Yale President Richard Levin. serve as prototypes for ecologically in a process of major change and “We are also thrilled to be able to sustainable production. China has expansion. “I am deeply honored honor Gus and his extraordinary been seeking a new industrializa- to be the first to hold the Knobloch vision, dedication and accomplish- tion model that will reconcile deanship,” said Dean Speth. “Never ments in this way.” rapid economic growth and envi- has the need for enlightened stew- ronmental degradation through ardship of our natural resources Program to Encourage the proposed Circular Economy been so urgent. At Yale, and in his ‘Green’ Industry in Promotion Law, which would efforts to save the land, Carl is require an evaluation of the envi- providing outstanding leadership.” Developing Countries ronmental friendliness of products Knobloch added: “Gus is just A Yale research team is intro- before they enter the market. as good as you can get as the head ducing a program that will In India, the Yale team will of this great school.” encourage the adoption of envi- work with regional planners and the As a founder of both the ronmentally friendly industrial nonprofit Resource Optimization Natural Resources Defense Council activity in developing countries. Initiative in Bangalore to identify and the World Resources Institute, The new program, Industrial the flow of resources through local Dean Speth has held a number of Ecology in Developing Countries, economies and what is being used influential posts, including admin- will examine the flow of energy, and wasted. „ istrator of the United Nations materials and water through Development Programme and industry and the natural environ- chair of President Carter’s Council ment. The first studies are being

Fall 2007 23 Combining Community Development and Indigenous Culture to Promote a Conservation Economy

By Heather Millar

pencer Beebe ’74 has spent years deeply rooted in local time and space. After working abroad for more than a decade with The Nature Conservancy and Conservation International, which he co-founded, Beebe Scame home, hoping to use lessons learned in the rainforests of Brazil and elsewhere to help save the coastal forests of his native Pacific Northwest. Ecotrust, the nonprofit Beebe founded in 1991, promotes what he calls a “conservation economy,” founding banks and partnerships that create economic growth while discouraging sprawl, preserving biodiversity and working toward social goals like better opportunities for Native Americans. Beebe limited his focus to what he dubbed Salmon Nation, the coastal watersheds of the Pacific Northwest, where chinook and other salmon species have spawned for millennia. Yet Ecotrust quickly went international, and may now be poised to go global.

24 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies The Ecotrust model, which integrates indigenous culture, economic develop- ment and ecology on a regional scale, has begun to travel far beyond its native realm of the coastal watersheds of the Pacific Northwest, dubbed Salmon Nation by Ecotrust officials.

that country’s far north, and is in the final stages of laying the groundwork for an Ecotrust Australia. In addition, organ- izers in places as far-flung as Mexico and the Carpathian region of Eastern Europe have begun to study Ecotrust, with an eye to adapting to its methods – such as creating financing coalitions to fund native ownership of sustainable businesses – to local problems such as poverty and deforestation. Hundreds, perhaps thou- sands, of conservation organizers around the world have begun to study the way Ecotrust disseminates information about conservation methods to native commu- nities on the Internet and through an Ecotrust-sponsored website. “We try to increase access to informa- tion, technology and capital. How do we take those core globalization forces and put them back in the hands of local peo-

Ecotrust ple? That’s what we’re all about,” explains Beebe, who serves as president of Ecotrust and vice chair of Ecotrust Canada. Within three years of its founding, But the Ecotrust model – integrating Those ideas – searching for common the original Ecotrust, based in Portland, indigenous culture, economic develop- goals that can bring together banks, Ore., spawned Ecotrust Canada, a ment and ecology on a regional scale, environmental groups, local leaders and Vancouver-based sister group. The using interdisciplinary teams and local politicians to boost growth that is sustain- Canadian group naturally adopted financing – has begun to travel far able rather than extractive – resonated Ecotrust’s core activities of protecting beyond its native realm of temperate with Rosemary Hill, a vice president of salmon habitat, promoting sustainable rainforest, abalone and yearly salmon the Australian Conservation Foundation, forestry and assisting native communities runs. The Australian Conservation when she first heard about Ecotrust in in the temperate rainforest of British Foundation has concluded that the 2003. She had traveled to a roundtable Columbia. approach could be adapted to work in in the Kimberley region, in Western

Fall 2007 25 Australia, where scholars and policy environmental startup companies and makers were meeting to discuss northern local fishing enterprises; promoting Australia’s economic and ecological chal- everything from green building to “slow lenges: crushing poverty in aboriginal food” to cultural mapping of native cul- communities; lackluster industrial devel- tures and resources. opment; conflict between those in favor Sometimes, Ecotrust takes the lead in of promoting mining ventures that could these projects. Often, Ecotrust staff create jobs and those who fear that more members broker information, capital and mines could destroy ecosystems; and connections. They use mentoring, bank- “How do we how to resolve aboriginal claims to land ing, planning and mapping services to take those core ownership and demands for reparations. help others add to the “triple bottom “Here in northern Australia, we line” – the social, economic and environ- globalization already knew what to argue about. mental capital – of Salmon Nation. Since forces and put Ecotrust seems to create a space where 1999, Ecotrust Canada has made more people can come together and come up than $10 million in loans to sustainable them back in with positive solutions,” explains Hill, business, one-third of them indigenous- who has long worked in the biologically owned, like the micro-hydro power the hands diverse region that stretches from project run by the Hupacasath people Queensland across the top of the continent. along China Creek near the city of Port of local “What I heard was that Ecotrust was Alberni. Not every project has been an ? getting the government, philanthropic unmitigated success, but even those people and banking sectors, as well as the general skeptical of Ecotrust and Ecotrust public, to rethink sustainable development, Canada allow that they have focused on That’s what especially among indigenous communities. what’s local, sustainable and good for the we’re all about.” They could point to concrete examples of community. sustainable development, as well as social “It’s a very practical approach to what Spencer Beebe and ecological equity.” is often a philosophical or theoretical Ecotrust and Ecotrust Canada seem conversation,” explains Greg Kehm, who fired by the notion that what society as Ecotrust Canada’s information services needs to do to solve its environmental manager has worked on projects such as and social woes is not one thing, but developing a land use plan that empha- hundreds of things, including promoting sizes the traditional values of the Heiltsuk green architecture – diversifying local people of British Columbia and using economies so that they’re not dependent geographic information systems (GIS) to on one resource such as timber and help the Tsleil-Waututh people gain increasing resource efficiency. Over the Forest Stewardship Council certification years, both Ecotrusts have been whirling for its logging operations. dervishes of activity: co-managing forestry Northern Australia, where Hill has companies with First Nations (Canada’s made her life’s work, needs all those tools term for aboriginal peoples); helping and more. The region stretches from the to found Shorebank Pacific, touted as Great Barrier Reef and the Cape York the first environmental bank; funding Peninsula in the east to the Gulf of

26 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Carpenteria, the Top End and the and cultural mapping. They have started In October 2005, Gill and a Tsleil- Kimberley. It takes in spectacular vistas: to create a local economy that connects Waututh chief traveled to Australia to be rainforests, savannas, mangroves, to a global market.” featured speakers at the same Kimberley wetlands and pristine coasts. More In 1998, Ecotrust began working meeting where Hill of the Australian languages and cultures thrive in this with the Tsleil-Waututh, a Salish First Conservation Foundation had first heard region than perhaps anywhere in the Nation with coastal ancestral lands just of Ecotrust two years earlier. The follow- world, save Papua New Guinea, Hill north of Vancouver. The 400-member ing year, Hill and two aboriginal leaders says. While the climate and soil vary too nation wanted to advance its culture and traveled to the Pacific Northwest. In erratically for agriculture, there’s mineral desired greater stewardship of the land, Vancouver and Portland, they met with wealth aplenty: silica and bauxite, uranium but was unsure how to proceed. The title planners, GIS experts, researchers and and copper. Yet the people who live in to their ancestral lands, which once bankers to learn more about the practi- the isolated communities that dot this spanned 190,000 hectares, had become calities of turning Ecotrust’s many plans expanse live very hard lives. largely unenforceable. Ecotrust experts and projects into reality. “We think that our coasts here in worked with native leaders, first helping “Native communities need legitimate British Columbia are remote and scat- them with mapping of traditional lands data. That’s one of the fundamental tered, a long way from markets with and then with land use planning. things we do: help them get information poor networks and infrastructure. All of The Tsleil-Waututh signed an so that the native communities can walk the above is true, but you can magnify agreement to co-manage Indian Arm into a permitting hearing and make their those things by a factor of 10 in northern Provincial Park with the provincial case with data that bureaucracies will Australia,” says Ian Gill, a native authorities. Not long after this, Ecotrust’s understand. That doesn’t mean the natives Australian who now serves as president expertise in finance and forestry helped always win, but up to now they’ve of Ecotrust Canada. “There, the commu- the nation to purchase 320 hectares of always lost,” Gill explains. “There are nities are even more remote, and connect- forestland at the head of Indian Arm. real parallels between Canada and ing to markets is even more difficult.” Ecotrust also helped draw up plans to Australia: They’re both Commonwealth Hill explains that the region hasn’t manage the land sustainably and to gain countries. They have a similar history of been successful for industrial development Forest Stewardship Council certification colonization of native peoples and of or agriculture. “There’s overwhelming for the nation’s operations there. Ecotrust resource extraction from native lands. In poverty, substance abuse and welfare has similar collaborations with 25 First the last generation, indigenous leadership dependency. The life expectancy of Nation communities along the British in both countries has insisted on greater indigenous peoples is 20 years less than Columbia coast. rights and some compensation for lands for nonindigenous people,” she says. “We were impressed that Ecotrust they view as stolen. But the real parallel “There’s a lot of dialogue about mining has delivered sustainable business out- is this: they are both remote communities here, but not about conservation of comes with real jobs for people in situa- with large indigenous populations, sitting culture or about sustainable economies, tions where welfare dependency and the on resource wealth and vastly outgunned which is what the people who live here collapse of rural industries are rife,” says by the capital and political weight of are interested in. This is what we found Hill. “That seems to be their approach – people who want those resources.” that Ecotrust had done very successfully: the principles we identified – community To try to restructure that dynamic, linking up indigenous and nonindigenous development and preservation of indige- the Australian Conservation Foundation, sectors; bringing together banking people nous culture and rights. This combination the Kimberly Land Council and Balkanu and environmental people; getting long- seems to unleash the power of the people Cape York Development Corporation term business support; offering services themselves to solve their own problems.” (an indigenous business group) formed a like banking, credit, planning, mentoring steering committee in 2006 to explore

Fall 2007 27 how an organization similar to Ecotrust Meanwhile, representatives from Canada might promote sustainable World Wildlife Fund International’s development in northern Australia’s Danube Carpathian Programme visited indigenous communities. At the end of both North American Ecotrust offices, that year, a report from the Kimberley exploring the possibility of applying Roundtable found that mining and irri- Salmon Nation methods to their region gated agriculture, the ventures prevalent of Eastern Europe. An environmental in the north, continued to damage both nongovernmental organization near the north’s environment and its local Cancun – Comunidad y Biodiversidad – “They have culture. The report called for the devel- has started working with Ecotrust to started to opment of arts, tourism and land man- develop along similar lines. And while agement industries instead. Ecotrust Canada has restricted its activities create Meanwhile, Hill conducted a formal to the West Coast, it’s beginning to get feasibility study of the Ecotrust concept. inquiries from groups in the country’s a local She released a summary of her findings boreal region. Ecotrust Canada’s in May to Land & Water Australia, a “Aboriginal Mapping Network” – a best- economy research and development corporation practices and GIS resource – logs 40,000 within the Australian government, con- visits each month. In just the last 12 that connects cluding that a “cultural and conservation” months, the mapping network has to a global economy could work in the north. She signed up 1,000 registered users from recommended that an Ecotrust Australia every continent. market.” be formed to promote a “quadruple bottom “It’s at an interesting stage. Are we line,” adding a fourth goal, aboriginal content to do what we do in our region, Rosemary Hill justice, to the original three goals of or do we take this global opportunity? If augmenting social, economic and environ- bioregions are the correct scale, how do mental capital. She also called for a we relate to other bioregions?” asks restructuring of Australian tax and busi- Astrid Scholz, Ecotrust’s vice president of ness laws – rewarding philanthropic giving knowledge systems. and setting up a loan-guarantee fund, for Ecotrust Canada’s President Ian Gill instance – to help an Ecotrust group get asks, “Is there a development model here started down under. The full report will that bridges what have always been seen be made public at the end of 2007. as the contradictory goals of economic “We do want to start an Ecotrust development and conservation? And is Australia that would bring forward a there a way to triangulate that into the more sustainable economy in the north,” rights of indigenous peoples? I think Hill says, explaining that the goal would there is, and it’s something the world be economic growth without the envi- needs.” „ ronmental damage and social upheaval that is now prevalent. “We’re talking with people now. Hopefully, we’ll have something to say in the next few months.”

28 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies classnotes

1942 complete arboretum of over 100 the Yale Alumni Fund. Not many of native and exotic trees with fountains the Class of ’47 still active in support. Dick Jorgensen, D.F. ’54, writes: “I and so forth. When the Wests left When we are mostly over 85 years of am in Pittsburg, Calif., keeping busy there, the Village named the arbore- age, lots of things in our lives slow with trustees in my church, a board- tum for him. It has been great to talk down. In 2002, I solicited 14, with of-directors job for a senior housing to the class; we now number six.” nine donors resulting. This year I facility and its many committees and solicited nine with five donors. For some landscape painting. I lost my 1946 me, the joy is being in touch with dear Cay three years ago after 63 classmates. Everett Bean is retired in years together; I have a son and Class Secretary Dover, N.H., and Robert Parker is in daughter, four grandchildren and Paul Burns Issaquah, Wash. Our class secretary, five great-grandchildren. Since we [email protected] Evert Johnson, is a retired professor lost our faithful secretary, Ham Paul Burns, Ph.D. ’49, writes: “I was from Auburn University. I remember Williston, I have tried to get as recently elected to the Louisiana Ian Place, Ph.D. ’53, from Ontario, a much news as possible to honor his State University School of Renewable very nice fellow. The most pronounced memory, and the class has responded. Natural Resources Hall of Fame.” change at the school is the number Mel Chalfen and wife, Judy, are living Paul has written his memoirs of his of female forestry students. There in the home they built 10 years ago years as a forestry student at Yale from were none in our day, and now they for retirement in Newton, Mass. Mel 1941 to 1942 and 1945 to 1949. At make up over half the classes. I praise concluded his career in home inspec- the end of his 11-page document, he the Lord that I can walk around a tion but still does consulting, plays briefly reports on his experience in three-acre lake each day, four times or piano and paints, as time permits. 1955 as a Yale forestry alumnus. 1.2 miles – much better than taking They both enjoy their grandson, age Paul’s memoirs were triggered by his pills.” 12. Mel has been somewhat slowed learning that James Fickle is writing a as a result of a fall a year ago. Ben history of the Yale School of Forestry 1948 60th Reunion Year Eggeman and wife, Judy, are in & Environmental Studies. Besides Alexandria, Va. We shared long furnishing Jim with a copy of his Class Secretary memories by phone, as he and I memoirs, Paul also sent copies to Francis Clifton lived in adjacent rooms in Branford three longtime friends, Ed Adelberg [email protected] College from 1938 to 1939. Ben ’43, Ph.D. ’49, Dave Smith, Ph.D. spoke proudly of his three sons, all ’50, and Herb Winer ’49, Ph.D. ’56. 1950 professionals, with one lawyer right He is willing to send a copy to any Class Secretary in town with them to keep him in alumnus or faculty member. For Kenneth Carvell line. They have six grandchildren. I requests for copies sent by mail, [email protected] received a thoughtful letter from Paul’s address is P.Y. Burns, LSU Barbara Gray Brown advising us of School of Renewable Natural 1951 the loss of her father and our class- Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; Class Secretary mate, John Gray, in May after a year or by e-mail at the address above. Peter Arnold and a half of illness. She says her „ Don Maus and his wife, Beulah, [email protected] father always referred to the rest of write that Don had his 91st birthday us as his ‘Yale buddies,’ and I feel the in January. Their youngest child, Peter Arnold writes: “I have all but same way. Sid McKnight is in Sautee, Anne, was born in 1955, the same officially retired from the field of Ga., after a long career in Southern year Paul Burns’ youngest daughter forestry consulting, having turned hardwoods. He helped set up the was born. Don took early retirement the business of my one remaining Southern Hardwoods Laboratory from the Oregon State Department of client over to a younger associate. and research plots, and became chief Forestry, and then worked with his When my license to practice runs of the lab in 1970. He left the Forest wife for 15 years as wedding photog- out, I will not renew. On my 70th Service after 30 years and spent raphers. After moving with Beulah to birthday, more than 13 years ago, I many more helping manage Eugene, Don specialized in restoring spent the day marking timber at close Southern forests. Sid lost his love, old photos. Beulah is 87 and contin- to 7,000 feet above sea level. Today, Bonnie, after 62 years of together- ues to keep in good physical shape my knees tell me that if that is what ness, and they have three daughters, by swimming. I really want to do, I can just go six grandchildren and eight great- ahead without them, even the new grandchildren. Bette and Dick West 1947 one I bought over a year ago. I tell them they don’t have to worry. And, moved about a year ago to Ocala, Class Secretary after 34 years at the same address Fla., to be closer to their daughter. Evert Johnson (with four years spent in Ecuador), They are residing in assisted living, as [email protected] Bette has bad arthritis. Dick is we have sold our 40-acre ranch and proudest of his work in Monroe Harry Wilson writes: “I’ve enjoyed its wine grape vineyard, and we are Village, N.J., where he developed a the job of mailing out requests for moving up the hill to a new house –

Fall 2007 29 notes

a sobering thought for someone in many years and continue to be in continent periodically. I am winding his ascending 80s to think about, but touch with Ruth Clark, Bob’s wife.” up 2.5 years as senior environmental

class we’ll weather it. I’ll be around to help „ Herm Sommer writes: “Living in analyst and panel advisor on the gov- the buyer adjust his new albatross now Lakewood, Wash., in the same beau- ernment review of the $900 million and then to make it fit more com- tiful home we built in 1978 on Mackenzie Gas Pipeline Proposal of fortably around his neck.” „ Lester Chambers Creek among the old- Esso and partners (including the Bradford writes: “Life is much growth fir trees. Last year we built a Aboriginal Pipeline Group). The unchanged from year to year in Lindal home at Grapeview on the project is to bring Arctic gas from the Washington. I take advantage of the beach, with a sweeping view of Case Mackenzie River Delta south to cheap ski-lift tickets for a couple of Inlet and Mount Rainier. We alternate Alberta and the southern gas distri- winter months. Clearing trails with our time between the two homes, bution system. And lately I have been the Pacific Northwest Trails and because we are very fortunate to finishing reporting on work for the Association provides some pleasant have our three children and their Food and Agriculture Organization hikes in the North Cascades, as does families in the Puget Sound area, we on participative rural assessment in the local Audubon group. I much can all enjoy the beach home.” impoverished northern provinces of enjoy working regularly with a steady Vietnam. This is to share information crew on Habitat for Humanity projects. 1953 55th Reunion Year with farmers, communes and govern- This pleasant life doesn’t keep me Class Secretary ment agencies in advance of regional from a continuing concern for the Stanley Goodrich rehabilitation projects supported by many people suffering from poverty [email protected] international agencies. Paul Barten is and the devastation of war. I appreci- on the committee with me; he is ate F&ES’ attention to global issues!” 1954 presently with the University of Massachusetts. I see George Nagle Class Secretary 1952 ’64, Ph.D. ’70, Gordon Weetman ’58, Richard Chase Ph.D. ’62, and other F&ES grads from Class Secretary [email protected] Milton Hartley time to time, and I talk up the school [email protected] for prospective applicants. Current 1956 passions are masters alpine ski racing Bob Bond writes: “My wife, Barbara, Class Secretary and managing the Alpine Club of and I live year round in Hallowell, Jack Rose Canada Climbing and Trekking camps Maine, at Granite Hill Estates [email protected] in the Canadian Rockies for members Retirement Community. In 2003, we over 55.” „ Henry Gerhold writes: sold our winter home in Leesburg, Gerardo Budowski ’56, Ph.D. ’62, writes that he retired from the Costa “I retire from the School of Forest Fla., and gave up being ‘snow birds.’ Resources, Pennsylvania State I am in my third – and last – year as Rican-based international University for Peace in 2006 after serving as University, at the end of December as president of the residents’ association. professor of forest genetics. My home I play a little golf and tennis and vol- vice rector for four years and 17 years as head of the Department of and office addresses will remain the unteer at the Maine State Museum on same, as I shall continue to work as Monday afternoons. Two classmates Natural Resources and Peace. He lives in Curridabat, Costa Rica, and a volunteer on some activities in visited this summer. In June, Harry urban forestry and Christmas tree Hopkins and wife, Karen, were vaca- is writing a book on “living fences.” „ Doug Crutchfield, of Summerville, genetics. We have a marvelous new tioning on Cape Cod and visiting rel- forest resources building with modern atives in Maine, so they visited with S.C., writes that after 40 years of forest research, he retired and is enjoying facilities and beautiful native hard- us for a couple of days. Gladys and wood veneers and furnishings. Thus, Gene Carpenter were here in late his wife, kids and grandkids while traveling to Scotland, Sweden, New after a gratifying 51 years, I’m glad I August for a few days on their return can enjoy my office and contacts trip from Duluth, Minn., to Leesburg Zealand and other points – some as foreign and far away as California. with colleagues for a while longer. I via a son’s home in Connecticut. completed two books this year, so it They summer in Duluth, which is He spent the bulk of his time with Westvaco Corp. doing high-powered seemed like a good time to retire. their former residence, where Gene One is A Century of Forest Resources worked in marketing research with studies on peat soil, loblolly and pond pine progeny tests, fertilizers and Education at Penn State, which the U.S. Forest Service. Following became available just in time for the graduation, Gene and I worked at P-deficient soils. „ Patrick Duffy writes: “Elisabeth and I live in West school’s centennial celebration in the former Fordyce Lumber Co. in April, attended by 500 alumni and Arkansas, where the late Bob Clark Vancouver, Canada, with adult kids and grandchildren nearby. We travel friends. The other book, A Forester’s ’42 was chief forester and O.H. Legacy: The Life of Joseph E. Ibberson ‘Doogie’ Darling Jr. ’58 was in his a fair bit, sometimes with my U.N. work (37 countries and counting), (see Bookshelf, page 17), is the fasci- early career before going to Crossett nating story of a Yale alumnus who Lumber, eventually to become head and enjoy the cultural and outdoor benefits of this location. Elisabeth is worked his entire career for the of its forestry operations. The three Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry at a of us have stayed in touch over these from Vienna, so we visit the European

30 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies modest salary, yet had the perspicacity of that document to the Office of spent on family matters, playing to acquire a fortune in forest lands Alumni/ae Affairs for inclusion in the cello in various groups, riding my and financial investments.” „ Kirk school’s historical archives. Bill also 1976 BMW motorcycle (it purrs) and Rodgers writes: “I’m an avid outdoors- reported that, following a career in playing tennis.” reforestthetropics.org man and currently the manager of various forestry jobs, he switched to or [email protected] 6,500 acres of pine forest and wetlands the mental health field for eight on the eastern shore of Maryland. As years prior to retiring last December. 1959 president of my family’s timber cor- He and his wife, Shirley, are in Grove Class Secretary poration, which is the largest family City, Ohio, in the Columbus area. Hans Bergey forest ownership in the state, I’ve been [email protected] Visit the Yale drawn into the center of practical 1958 50th Reunion Year Dave Challinor, Ph.D. ’66, writes: debates on sustainable management Class Secretary School of Forestry of forests both locally and nationally. “I’m scientist emeritus at the Ernest Kurmes Smithsonian Institution, with a & Environmental I am the immediate past president of [email protected] the Maryland Forests Association, delightful small office at the National Studies website at Herster Barres writes: “One of my Zoo’s research building in the past president of the Forest environment.yale.edu Landowners Association and active life’s passions has been getting tropical Conservation Biology Department. on the executive committees of both trees to be productive on tropical I’m there almost all working days organizations. I also serve on the farms. Initially, working with the and, like many of my colleagues, board of directors of the National U.S. Forest Service, and later, as a find that time is too short to get Network of Private Forest Food and Agriculture Organization done everything you want to do. My Landowners and the Forest forestry expert, I worked 16 years main effort is to keep up with the Landowners Tax Council. I frequently with species trials and associated fast-breaking new research in ecology, lecture at meetings on forestry and research and promotion, ending as a particularly plant/animal interactions testify before Congress. The last two U.N. Development Programme man- and all aspects of interplant and years have been a particularly inter- ager of a farm diversification program. interanimal behavior. I write a esting period for me. I had the honor In 1993, the Environmental Protection monthly essay on diverse topics to help lead the celebration of the Agency asked me to develop a dealing with natural history that is Maryland Centennial of Forestry and program for carbon sequestration on distributed by e-mail to various Parks. The centennial dates from the tropical farms. It was approved in Smithsonian supporters. Although hiring of my grandfather, Fred Besley, 1995 as a U.N. Framework I’ve given up competitive sculling, I Class of 1904, as Maryland’s first Convention on Climate Change/ still row regularly on the Potomac state forester, a position in which he Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) and recently had a nice spin in a served with distinction for 36 years, by the United States and Costa Rican double with my granddaughter, who’s making him the longest-serving state governments. We established a non- off to Brown as a freshman in a week forester in the nation’s history. profit called Reforest the Tropics (RTT) or so. I retain happy memories of my During the centennial celebration, it to fund and manage the program. time at F&ES and the great help I became clear that the most important While the AIJ program is for research got with my dissertation from accomplishments in the establish- and development to create a model, Harold Lutz ’27, Ph.D. ’33, Dave ment and management of Maryland RTT is a voluntary carbon-offset pro- Smith ’46, Ph.D. ’50, and Professor state forests and parks had occurred gram, accepting donations to estab- Garth Voigt. „ Art Seamans writes: during his tenure. The celebration lish carbon-offset programs for U.S. “My wife, Joyce, and I live in concluded on July 31 with the burial emitters. As climate change becomes Lewiston, Idaho, where I retired after of a time capsule. The person throw- more evident, we have seen our pro- 34 years with the U.S. Forest Service. ing the first shovelful of dirt on the gram continue to expand, and we I work part time as staff for the Idaho capsule was Helen Besley have raised $560,000 to establish 26 Lands Fund out of Boise. We, in turn, Overington, daughter of Fred, and projects for 54 mostly New England work with the Idaho State Snowmobile the occasion was her 100th birthday. sponsors. Our latest 1-hectare project Association, the Northwest To see some wonderful photos of the is for the F&ES Class of 2007. Because Professional Power Vessel Association event and to read my speech, which we expect the forest to be profitable, and the Hells Canyon Alliance. I also tells some of the story of the centen- we expect it to be managed indefi- guide and drive jet boat tours into nial, visit www.dnr.state.md.us/cen- nitely for farmer income, meanwhile Hells Canyon part time. When not tennial.” sequestering CO2 for U.S. sponsors doing that, we travel, boat, fish and in the growing forest stand. There play at photography. We have two 1957 are few tropical farm forests that are daughters, one teaching elementary profitable, so this is an ambitious school in Lewiston and the other an Bill Ticknor III recalled his 1956 goal. We work with churches, schools, anthropologist with the U.S. Forest role as secretary of the Camp Log, Connecticut College, the Mohegan Service. We also have five grandchil- reporting on students’ experiences Indian Casino, a nut roasting compa- dren and three great-grandchildren from their time at the Crossett, Ark., ny in Massachusetts, Rotary Clubs who keep us young.” field camp. He offered to send a copy and individuals. The rest of my life is

Fall 2007 31 notes

1960 course of master of forestry in 1962. enjoying retirement in southwest After graduation, I returned home (to Florida. I have been enjoying travel in Class Secretary

class Thailand) and worked at the same China. I have seen many sites during John Hamner place – the Royal Forestry Department my five trips so far. I have found a [email protected] – until I retired in 1990. I live in wonderful lady to enjoy life with. Evangelos Biblis writes: “I retired Bangkok with my wife, two sons, two She is a Chinese traditional-medicine nine years ago from the Auburn daughters and nine grandchildren.” doctor. My memory of the Yale tropi- School of Forestry after 35 years of cal forestry (wood) series booklets service. I have published 88 refereed 1963 45th Reunion Year serves me well, as I like to study papers and several other publications. Class Secretary trees here on the Tropic of Cancer.” I’ve also presented research papers in James Boyle „ A.V. Revilla, Ph.D. ’78, writes Germany, France, Denmark, Sweden, [email protected] from Eastern Mindanao, Philippines: Finland, Taiwan, South Africa and “The International Tropical Timber Turkey. Every year, my wife and I Joe Gorrell writes: “I retired after 42 Organization (ITTO) agreed in 2004 visit the Greek island that we love, years in the federal service in 1995. I to fund a three-year project called Sifnos. Over the years, we have visited started with 15 years with the Forest Integration of Forest Management 27 Greek islands, among them Service, four years at the Office of Units into a Sustainable Development Santorini, Mykonos, Milos, Crete, Management and Budget and the Unit (SDU) through Collaborative Skopelos, Skiathos, Thassos, Lesvos, balance at several bureaus in the Forest Management in Surigao del Rodos and Poros. Presently I am Department of the Interior. My last Sur, Philippines. I was asked to come working on a book titled Wood Panel assignment was with the National out of retirement to lead the project, Products and Properties. Park Service in Washington, D.C. I which commenced in November received my 50-year pin from the 2004. Two major project outputs are 1961 Society of American Foresters a cou- required: creation of the stakeholders’ ple of years ago. In 1995, I moved to Class Secretary collaborative framework and formu- the Wilderness Battlefield area in Roger Graham lation of a medium-term action plan Spotsylvania County, Va. It is about to operationalize the collaboration. Keville Larson is chair of Larson & 15 miles west of downtown McGowin, Forest Managers & With the team’s persistent efforts, the Fredericksburg. I attended law stakeholders have become eager and Consultants, headquartered in Mobile, school at Catholic University after Ala. He writes: “I received a Lifetime enthusiastic to learn and pursue a leaving Yale in 1963, and always different approach to sustainable Achievement Award from the Forest wanted to be a country lawyer. I Landowners Association (FLA) and development and natural resource started volunteering at the conservation. The two major outputs, am not sure whether to consider it Rappahannock Legal Services Office premature or a message that they including detailed proposals for in Fredericksburg in 1996 and have priority livelihood projects to want me to quit!” Keville is a past since continued to do that at least president. The summer 2007 newslet- improve the plight of the very poor one day a week. I was awarded the stakeholders, were completed in ter of the Association of Consulting Lewis F. Powell Pro Bono Award two Foresters reports: “This high honor November 2006. The present ITTO years ago for my legal work at RLS project is purely a technical assis- is reserved for those who have given and other court-appointed work by a lifetime of service to private land- tance project; there is no fund to the Virginia State Bar. My wife, Ann, implement projects on the ground. owners and to the association. Mr. and I travel a good bit. We had a Larson has been a member of FLA Search for funding has so far been a wonderful experience with the futile effort. There is also a critical for nearly 50 years, SAF since 1961 National Park Service employee and and ACF for more than 40 years.” need to assist the stakeholders’ asso- alumni group at the Grand Canyon ciation during its infancy. Worse, the last fall. We are heading for southern 1962 expected extension of the project has California this fall. I have five grand- been derailed by the failure of gov- Class Secretary children and another on the way in ernment to pay its dues to ITTO.” Larry Safford December. We enjoy relatively good [email protected] [email protected] health and take everything one day Soonthorn Bhothigun writes: “After at a time. I was sorry to learn of Bill 1965 Reifsnyder’s passing. He was my main having completed my diploma Class Secretary course in 1952, I worked with professor while I was at Yale. I had known him previously when living James Howard Thailand’s Royal Forest Department, [email protected] Ministry of Agriculture. I received a in California.” bachelor’s degree from the faculty of 1966 forestry, Kasetsart University, in 1958. 1964 In 1960, I was granted a government Stephen Hanover writes: “As associate Class Secretary scholarship to further my study in extension professor emeritus at Howard C. Dickinson Jr. the United States. I completed the North Carolina State University, I am

32 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 1967 for the East Shore Health District in Eastern and Western Approach and Branford, I was appointed director of Science, Religion & Spirituality. These Class Secretary health for the Farmington Valley are in addition to his earlier publica- Robert Hintze Health District, a position I still hold tions. His main aim in all his books [email protected] after 31 years. The Farmington Valley is to combine Eastern and Western 1968 40th Reunion Year Health District is an independent views. These and his other books are entity that serves as the local public now available from Amazon. Sukhraj Class Secretary health department for 10 valley towns dedicated Art of Stress-Free Living to Gerald Gagne with a population of 106,000 and an Professor Graeme Berlyn out of love [email protected] area of 315 square miles. I have just for his mentor and Yale University. Visit the Yale Darius Adams writes: “I have been a finished eight years on the board of „ Kent Hanby writes: “I retired from professor in the Department of directors of the National Association Auburn University, where I served as School of Forestry Forest Resources at Oregon State of County and City Health Officials – director of student services in the & Environmental University since returning here in the last four years as a member of its School of Forestry and Wildlife 1995, continuing research on long- executive committee. Living in Sciences from 1996 to 2003. In addi- Studies website at term regional and national timber Granby, Conn., we raised four children tion, I taught the fire management environment.yale.edu supply, and recently on the options and are now proud grandparents of course. I spend my time these days for accelerating the sequestration of 2-year-old Jack. I play in two golf playing golf. I also teach continuing carbon in forests. In July, I agreed to leagues during northern Connecticut’s education workshops and a pre- serve as interim head of the depart- five-month golf season, and I am a scribed burn manager certification ment for two years while the College very serious amateur photographer course for the Alabama Forestry of Forestry undergoes a major reor- with an extensive online gallery. I don’t Commission.” „ Jim Kimmel ganization. My wife, Claire, is also a anticipate retiring any time soon.” writes: “I am at Texas State professor on the college faculty. We www.nikoniansimages.org/galleries/ University-San Marcos, where I am started our family late, so our older showgallery.php/cat/500/ppuser/ Jesse H. and Mary Gibbs Jones son is heading off to college this fall.” 12017/sort/3 Professor of Southwestern Studies and director of the Research Center 1969 1971 for River Recreation and Tourism. Class Secretary Class Secretary My most recent publication, The San Davis Cherington Harold Nygren Marcos: A River’s Story, was published [email protected] [email protected] by Texas A&M University Press in 2006.” „ Bill Lapointe writes: “I Bob Lee is retiring from the Barry Bryan writes: “After spending just retired as head of the Natural University of Washington this year, 19 years in the private sector, I have Resource department at a regional where he has taught natural resources been working in the economics and school after 35 years. I am working sociology for 30 years. He and his trade branch of the British Columbia part time as the curator of a natural wife, Trudy, have built a home in Bow, Ministry of Forest and Range for the history museum and filling in the which is in the Skagit Valley. Bob will past 17 years. Located at ministry rest of my time working for an antique continue to do a limited amount of headquarters in Victoria, I combine decoy auction house (a longtime teaching, complete writing two books my training in forestry and economics passion). I live in Massachusetts, but and pursue hobbies of woodworking, as compensation advisor in the valu- spend every available moment in the gardening and traveling. ation for compensation of long-term wilds of Maine or New Hampshire.” forestry tenures that have been taken „ Harold (Tom) Nygren writes: 1970 back by the province for various land “Since retiring from the U.S. Forest Class Secretary use initiatives, such as new parks, Service 10 years ago, I have gotten Whitney Beals First Nations treaty settlements and deeply involved in managing our tree [email protected] the more recent volume reallocation farms and working with small wood- under the 2003 Forestry Revitalization land owners. This has led to volunteer Rick Matheny writes: “After gradua- Act. I maintain an active interest in the tion and return from active duty in positions as a member of a watershed valuation and allocation of publicly council, member of the Oregon the Army Medical Service Corps, I owned forest resources. I have been married Ines Loustau, joined the Sustainability Board and president of married to my wife, Gillian, for 38 a woodland owner cooperative. My 118th Medical Battalion of the years, and we are finding that our Connecticut Army National Guard previous experiences in federal seven grown children (six daughters forestry have been helpful in my for 10 years and started my career in and a son) still keep us busy. I remain public health. In 1972, I returned to experiences in private-sector forestry physically active, enjoying running, and working with watershed and Yale in the master of public health biking and swimming (especially at program in the medical school, grad- sustainability issues. I occasionally the Sooke River potholes during the run into Yale grads. Last week I had uating in 1974. After a two-year stint summer).” „ Sukhraj Dhillon has as director of environmental health the opportunity to provide advice to recently published two popular Julia Falconer ’86 and her husband, books, Art of Stress-Free Living:

Fall 2007 33 notes

Tom Schneidermann, about some (guitars and drums). We live on an 1972 property they have in Oregon. They island in the north channel of Lake Class Secretary

class now live in Brussels, Belgium.” Huron, about 31 miles east of Sault Ruth Hamilton Allen Jim Okraszewski writes: “I have Ste. Marie, Ontario. In April, I and „ [email protected] been in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula other colleagues from France and the since leaving Yale. My wife and I have United States were awarded the 2007 In June 2007, Ruth Allen, Ph.D. ’77, four grown children, who are all over Silvicultural Prize of the British gave a talk titled “Global Health, the place, with one working several Institute of Chartered Foresters. The Environment and Justice for Women years in Antarctica and now in the Silvicultural Prize is awarded to the and Men” at the 2nd International Arctic, and the rest in Chicago, Los most-cited silvicultural paper pub- Women’s Conference in Bangalore, Angeles and Lower Michigan. My lished in the British journal Forestry India. The talk was based on the first wife, Clare, is a fifth grade teacher. during the previous three years, as chapter of her book-in-progress on the After some logging and cruising and established by international citation same theme. Female heads of state, sawmilling for a couple of years, I indices. The paper, “Designing forest first ladies, parliamentarians, high joined Mead, once MeadWestvaco vegetation management strategies government officials, business leaders, and now NewPage, and have been based on the mechanisms and scientists and Bollywood stars mixed with that company for 34 years. I dynamics of crop tree competition by with 500 invitees, including female work to bring four NewPage mills neighboring vegetation,” was pub- tribal villagers and students from local into compliance with several chain- lished in 2006 [Forestry 79(1): 3-27].” schools for first-time learners from of-custody standards. The high point „ Ron Wilson writes: “Mary and I rural India under the sponsorship of of my career was managing 730,000 are in Sydney. I retired from Forests the International Association for acres, the wood procurement group NSW (state government forestry) in Human Values and the Art of Living for the largest mill in Michigan and a July 2004 after 44 years. The position Foundation. The foundation’s youth- large hardwood sawmill and dimen- I retired from was in timber marketing, leader teams and trained teachers and sion plant. Now I am sliding toward which included dealing with major professional volunteers are busy all retirement in mid-2008 near transfers of state forest to national over India and in 150 countries. Watersmeet in the Western Upper park and cutbacks to timber alloca- Projects include planting trees, bio- Peninsula. I am looking forward to tions. Since then, I have been working dynamic farming, building houses, the change, away from this paper- in plantation forestry with Rothschild conducting hygiene projects to work madness of chain-of-custody Bank and now with another small improve village sanitation and run- certification.” [email protected] company that has plantation assets in ning basic health care clinics and „ Phil Reynolds writes: “I have NSW and Victoria and is marketing educational programs in prisons and been in Canada for nearly 25 years, investments in softwood and hard- an HIV/AIDS clinic, along with foster- working as a research scientist for wood plantation forestry under man- ing harmony in diversity and human the Canadian Forest Service since aged investment schemes. Australia values. The conference celebrated 1983. I am a dual Canadian and U.S. has given major tax breaks to expand the education of female children and citizen. I am working on climate- the national plantation estate. I work denounced female feticide. Following change research, but have spent most part time for both companies, and I her talk, she was interviewed by of my career involved with vegetation am enjoying the challenges. I am also India Today TV and Femina, the management research. I am also chair of the NSW Division of the leading Indian women’s magazine. doing some work with agroforestry at Institute of Foresters (similar to the She is involved in development of a the University of Guelph in southern Society of American Foresters). In Web-based Women in Leadership Ontario. Before immigrating to this voluntary role, I had been quite international coaching program in Canada, I worked for the natural gas busy with the running of ANZIF, a conjunction with program organizers. industry for four years (environmental conference at Coffs Harbour that http://us.artofliving.org/service- affairs) in Delaware and taught for a took place in June for a week with projects/women-empowerment.html year at a state university in southern 350 delegates from Australia and „ Rosalind Batchelor writes: “I am New Jersey, with time before that as New Zealand. Our married daughter working freelance and part time, a postdoc in New Hampshire and has a new baby boy, so we are enjoy- mostly doing consultancy or interim Ohio. My wife, Cynthia, and I have ing being grandparents. She lives at management in social housing and two sons, Trevor, 21, and Ben, 17. Manly, which is only a 10-minute urban regeneration. I have recently Trevor is in his second year of college, drive. Our son and his girlfriend are become chair of our local nonprofit concentrating in social sciences: law traveling the world and have just furniture recycling business. I also and justice, and sociology. Ben is a completed a four-month trip to India enjoy folk dancing, including senior in high school and will likely and Nepal on mopeds that he made. American contra, which took us to spend a fifth year in high school They are now off to Europe. I have St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands in before attending college, a common become active in cycling and am in February, followed by three weeks practice in Ontario. He is artistically competitive ocean swimming. I also visiting archaeological sites in Mexico.” oriented, a very good artist (drawing, sing in a choir, play sax in a band and „ James Grace was appointed this painting and sculpture) and musician am chair of a ski lodge in Thredbo.” year as the Pennsylvania deputy

34 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies secretary for state parks and forestry left its headquarters in Washington, Highway Research Program Projects, in the Department of Conservation D.C., and returned to my home and development of the transportation and Natural Resources. He is respon- country, Colombia. Since 1997, I’ve industry’s “A New Vision for the 21st sible for the direction of the bureaus worked as a national and interna- Century.” „ Kathy Pierce writes: “I of State Parks and Forestry, as well as tional consultant in the fields of am the National Environmental Policy the Bureau of Facility Design and forestry economics and environmental Act compliance officer for the Construction. James has served as the management.” „ Raju Govindaraju Bonneville Power Administration state forester of Pennsylvania since writes: “I am a geneticist in the (BPA), which is a federal power 1994. He previously served in a deputy Framingham heart study at Boston marketing agency within the U.S. secretary role in the former Department University School of Medicine. I am Department of Energy. BPA markets Visit the Yale of Environmental Resources, from applying many of the genetic wholesale electric power from 31 1987 to 1993. During the early part of approaches I learned as a graduate federal hydroprojects in the Columbia School of Forestry his career, he served on the faculty in student in forest genetics at F&ES. River Basin and one nuclear plant. & Environmental forestry at Rutgers and Penn State From a genetics perspective, forest About 35 percent of the energy used universities. He lives with his wife, trees and humans share a great deal in the Pacific Northwest comes from Studies website at Roberta, in Camp Hill, Pa. in common. While working toward BPA, which also operates and main- environment.yale.edu understanding the genetic basis of tains about 75 percent of the high- 1973 35th Reunion Year cardiovascular diseases, I have also voltage transmission in its service developed an interest in exploring the territory – Idaho, Oregon, Washington, 1974 link between evolutionary principles western and eastern Montana, and human health (my interest in California, Nevada, Utah and R.A. Lautenschlager writes: “I am ecology and evolutionary biology Wyoming.” „ Diane Renshaw writes: the executive director of the Atlantic began at Yale as well). I do this work “Ten F&ES alums and their guests Canada Conservation Data Centre with my colleague, Steven Stearns of took the first-ever San Francisco Bay (www.accdc.com), a group serving the Department of Ecology and Area F&ES field trip. Planning for the conservation science needs of Evolutionary Biology at Yale. We held the trip began last September, when federal and provincial government a meeting in May at Duke, and the Kath Schomaker ’96, director of agencies in Atlantic Canada, as well participants included evolutionary Alumni/ae Affairs, met with graduates as nongovernmental organizations biologists, physician-scientists, living in the Bay Area. This summer’s and consultants throughout the human geneticists and biologists, trip featured a visit to Tassajara Hot region. In addition, I continue to be epidemiologists and ethicists. I am Springs in Monterey County, with an active in forestry, having written two also organizing a plenary session on overnight stay at Hastings Reserve, articles for the Journal of Forestry last the topic at the upcoming American the University of California natural year – one examining approaches to Society of Human Genetics in San history preserve in Carmel Valley. We Globally Sustainable Forestry and a Diego. In collaboration with others, departed the San Jose/San Francisco second providing a summary of a both Steve and I are trying to advance area early with a 14-mile drive into coordinated forest research effort in the field of “evolutionary medicine.” Tassajara along a mountain road Ontario following the 1998 ice storm. My wife, Kamala, and I live in through the Ventana Wilderness in I live in Sackville, New Brunswick, Lexington, Mass. We have three chil- the rugged Santa Lucia Mountains. with my wife, Wendeline Price, and dren, Srilakshmi, 19, Devaki, 17, and Evidence of the 1977 Marble Cone two children, Anne and William. I Yashsvi, 7. I recently heard from and the 1999 Kirk fires is visible write and record music. My fifth CD, Libby Hopkins. As always, she is along this route. I recounted my “No More War,” was released a month happy and contented. She tells me experiences with the fire history of the ago.” www.myspace.com/ralautens that she is thinking of retiring. Time area, and special guest Léo Laporte, passes by so quickly.” „ Gary professor emeritus of earth science at 1975 McVoy, Ph.D. ’79, directs maintenance University of California, Santa Cruz, Israel Acosta-Contreras writes: and operations at the New York State pulled out his maps and shed light “This summer I had the opportunity Department of Transportation, where on the rugged outcrops and dramatic to visit the Yale campus again, 15 years he led the Environmental Analysis topography. At Tassajara, I led a tour after my last time there. My heart Bureau for many years. Environmental of an ongoing native plant propagation beat faster than usual when I entered stewardship and sustainability are and restoration project that I have Sage Hall. I am sure that my wife and Gary’s principal professional interests, been working on since 1993. We my granddaughter, who were with and he is active on the national scene enjoyed an elegant luncheon and me, noticed my emotions as I walked with the establishment of the spent the afternoon at the natural through the building, once home for American Association of State Japanese-style hot springs and swim- two wonderful years. I visited the Highway and Transportation Officials ming pool. In the late afternoon, our construction area of Kroon Hall, found Center for Environmental Excellence, group drove out to Hastings Reserve it very inviting and hope to return the environmental research program of in upper Carmel Valley, where we soon and spend time visiting it when the National Academy’s Transportation met and mingled with a group – just it is completed. After retiring from the Research Board/National Cooperative back from a field trip to Big Sur and Inter-American Development Bank, I

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a tour of sudden oak death sites – in Peoria! I spend most vacations back in western Turkey. Andrew Schwarz, town for the Ecological Society of in South Carolina with four daughters Loring LaBarbera, Tom Rumpf and class America/Society for Ecological and four grandchildren, and hope to wife Annie Tara, and Bob Gipe and Restoration meetings in San Jose. retire there some day. My wife and I wife Betsy Fine, along with Bill Following a catered dinner, we sat in are celebrating our sixth wedding Hanson ’77 and Kate Troll ’77, met the dusk watching the bats until it got anniversary this year, and we are in the coastal town of Marmaris for dark enough to grab binoculars and traveling to New York City and Cape the start of a weeklong cruise along spotting scopes and head for an open Cod to see Sandy’s family and all the the Mediterranean coast. Bare-boat hilltop. There Flip Dibner kept us historic sites and sounds of beautiful chartering a 45-foot sloop, Bob enthralled late into the night with a New England. I have stayed in touch served as captain, with other class- guided tour of the constellations. The with Bill Timko from F&ES and his mates serving as willing students. next morning we shared a memorable wife, Pam.” Sailing conditions ranged from no breakfast in the Hastings communal wind to too much wind, as the F&ES kitchen. Then Mark Stromberg, 1977 reunion members explored remote director of the reserve, treated us to a Class Secretary peninsulas, ancient ruins and secluded guided tour of the historic ranch James Guldin coves. By the end of the week, the buildings and surrounding habitats [email protected] crew had mastered the vocabulary of of the reserve. In keeping with the sailing. Early reports hint that the mods tradition, we not only had fun Charles Hewett, Ph.D. ’82, has site for the next reunion will be but we learned something. Getting to served as vice president and chief western Thailand. „ Ellen Baum know each other and meeting with operating officer of the Jackson writes: “My youngest son attends the other field trip group at Hastings Laboratory, the world’s largest mam- Yale College. Dropping him off gave set the stage for some interesting malian genetics research institution me a chance to visit Sage and find my conversations, networking opportu- in Bar Harbor, Maine. He oversees class picture. I am a senior scientist nities and local microbrew sharing. the lab’s operation and directs its with the Clean Air Task Force, a Along for the fun on this trip were nonprofit business, raising 2.5 million small nongovernmental organization Andrea Cristofani Geurts ’98, mice yearly and providing custom that works on climate and air quality. Jessica Hamburger ’98, Libby Jones breeding and in vivo research services My work ranges from looking at the for the worldwide biomedical research ’02, Ph.D. ’07, Marcia Tobin ’96, role of non-CO2 climate forcings in Ann Clarke ’81, D.F.E.S. ’92, and community. He also served as CEO the Arctic, to getting the whole story Duncan Clarke, Léo and Marty of Atlantic Energy Partners from its on biofuels, to figuring out if biochar Laporte and Flip. (See photo at the founding in 1999 through April 2004, can actually benefit climate and soils. F&ES Alumni/ae website.) during which he also served as vice It keeps me on my toes and gives me president and secretary to the board some fleeting moments of optimism.” 1976 of the Cianbro Companies, one of „ John Hoffnagle has served as the the eastern United States’ largest Stuart Hart writes: “For the past executive director of the Land Trust heavy-infrastructure construction two decades, I have dedicated myself of Napa County since 1988. Last entities. He has developed and man- to the area of sustainable business. I spring, John was able to attend the aged energy generation facilities, a am the S.C. Johnson Chair in Stanford Business School’s executive pharmaceutical manufacturing com- Sustainable Global Enterprise at program for nonprofit leaders, which pany and various forestry projects, Cornell University’s Johnson Graduate he highly recommends. The family domestically and internationally. He School of Management. In August, I vacationed in Europe for the first has also held posts with the State of released the second edition of my time this summer and was able to Maine and the U.S. Department of book, Capitalism at the Crossroads: spend a day en route with Sheila and the Interior. He has served on the Aligning Business, Earth, and Humanity, Ed Becker at their home in Topsfield, boards of numerous organizations with a new foreword by Al Gore. I Mass. John hosts the F&ES reception throughout Maine, including the will be on sabbatical leave during the at Land Trust Alliance rallies, which Maine Development Foundation, 2007-08 academic year at the occurred this year in Denver. The big which he chaired. University of Michigan’s Davidson news is that John’s daughter, Elena, is attending Yale this fall as a freshman. Institute and Erb Institute for Global 1978 30th Reunion Year Sustainable Enterprise.” „ Colin She’s in Morse College. „ Dora Lee Peterson writes: “Last November, I Class Secretaries writes: “I have taken on a new became fiber supply manager for Susan Curnan assignment with Exelon, a large utility International Paper’s Terre Haute [email protected] based in Chicago with generation paper mill. My wife, dogs, cat and I Marie Magleby facilities in Illinois, Maryland, have all enjoyed the much milder [email protected] Pennsylvania and Texas. For the last springs and summers in Indiana Regina Rochefort several years, I have been working on compared to Alabama; as well as [email protected] a variety of assignments on strategy being only a three-hour drive from This past spring the second biennial and operations. The new job has an where I was born and raised in Western field trip reunion took place unusual title – FERC licensing

36 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies support manager. What this entails is company with a new process for returned to my home in Galveston, managing the recreational facilities chemical sequestration of carbon Texas, where civilization meets the located in the watershed of our dioxide emissions that will produce sea. A few years ago I earned my hydropower station on the bulk chemicals for sale. He spent some Ph.D. from the University of Susquehanna. We have 6,800 acres time at Penn State, and then returned Michigan. The chair of my distin- of land on both sides of the to Ballard Spahr midsummer. guished committee, Patrick West, Susquehanna, 700 of which are Ph.D. ’75 (also a student of Professor actively managed. I will be working 1980 Bill Burch), informed me after my on getting the recreational facilities Class Secretary defense (which was the best time I up to our commitments as we get Sara Schreiner-Kendall had had in years) that I am an envi- Visit the Yale ready to apply for a new license. It is [email protected] ronmental sociologist. My scholarly a fortuitous assignment on the eve of accomplishment owes much to the School of Forestry Charles Dvorsky, coordinator of the our 30th graduation from Yale – a encouragement and support of my & Environmental homecoming, of sorts, after wander- Continuous Water Quality Monitoring friends from the Environmental ing around the world doing different Network, writes: “The late Lady Bird Protection Agency and F&ES, Studies website at Johnson encouraged me to attend things. I live in Chester County in including Chuck Dvorsky ’80, who environment.yale.edu Pennsylvania, have taken up dressage F&ES and provided letters of recom- got me a job with the state, and the as a sport and am absolutely smitten mendation. I came to know her dur- late Stephen Spurr ’40, Ph.D. ’50, ing her tenure as a regent at the by a pony named Moonie.” „ Emly whose spirit helped me become a McDiarmid, director of admissions University of Texas, where we con- visiting scholar at the LBJ school. at F&ES, was one of a delegation of ferred on the environment and open Occasionally, I hear from my friends 100 students, faculty and administra- space at the university. Upon my at HGS and fellow alumni – Gail tors who went to China in May, led return from graduate school, she (Kalison) Reynolds and Dan by Yale President Richard Levin. provided me counsel concerning Reynolds ’82, Susan Becker-Jacob Invited by President Hu of China at employment. In 1980, I signed on at ’82, Bob Turnage ’82 and Thea the Lower Colorado River Authority, his visit to Yale in April 2006, the Wiess Hayes.” „ Ann Clarke, group included representatives of all an agency of the State of Texas, D.F.E.S. ’92, writes: “I had a wonder- the university’s schools, as well as charged as a soil and water conserva- ful time on the West Coast field trip. several Yale students from China and tion district, and established their My husband, who is in political sci- others who had studied there. The environmental monitoring programs ence, said he really learned a lot. This delegation visited Peking University before accepting a position with the was his first official field trip. Thank and Tsinghua University in Beijing, primary state environmental agency. you very much for organizing the trip Fudan University in Shanghai and With Mrs. Johnson’s encouragement, with Diane Renshaw. I also enjoyed Xi’an Jiaotong University in Xi’an. In I have provided support to develop- attending the alumni reception in San addition to interaction with Chinese ing environmental programs in the Jose (in association with the Ecological students and scholars, the delegation Dominican Republic, Peru and Brazil.” Society of America meetings).” Ann met with government leaders, toured „ Peter Lewis writes: “Just spent is chief of the Environmental Division major cultural and historical sites in some time with Chris ‘Too Tall’ of the NASA Ames Research Center Brown ’79. Chris came out to northern Beijing and Shanghai and explored in Moffett Field, Calif. „ John historical sites in the ancient city of California in his official capacity as Echeverria, Ph.D. ’81, executive the U.S. Forest Service’s director of Xi’an. „ Joshua Schwartz is an director of the Georgetown associate professor of biology at Pace wilderness and wild and scenic rivers. Environmental Law & Policy Institute University in Pleasantville, N.Y. His He was on a listening and learning since 1997, was presented the 10th research focuses on the communica- tour, which took him to the Klamath annual Jefferson Fordham Advocacy tion of frogs. He lives in Kent, N.Y., and the Shasta-Trinity national forests, Award from the American Bar with his wife, Leslie, and three turtles. where I happened to have a few trail Association’s Section of State & Local crews working – great to see him again Government Law. He received the 1979 after 30 years!” „ Tom McHenry honor at the ABA’s annual meeting in completed the Paris-Brest bike race Class Secretary San Francisco on August 10. The on August 25. That day he sent an award was presented in recognition John Carey e-mail stating that he had finished [email protected] of his achievements in the field of “at 10 a.m. after battling the worst state and local government law. The Bob McKinstry, J.D., has been work- weather they’ve had in many years.” Jefferson Fordham Advocacy Award ing on Vermont’s climate planning “recognizes outstanding advocacy or process. He is also working on a 1981 legal writing within the area of state project to use habitat banking and a Class Secretaries and local government law.” Before revolving fund to protect the bog Fred Hadley going to Georgetown, John was gen- turtle in Chester (Penn.) and New [email protected] eral counsel at the Audubon Society Castle (Del.) counties under a Habitat Carol Youell and general counsel and conservation Conservation Planning Grant. In [email protected] director at American Rivers. He was addition, he is involved in a startup Lillian Beerman writes: “I have an associate at Hughes, Hubbard &

Fall 2007 37 notes

Reed and served as law clerk to Judge years. I am a consultant for the Food Denise served as director of the Gerhard Gesell of the U.S. District and Agriculture Organization and the Chesapeake and Central Appalachians

class Court for the District of Columbia. World Agroforestry Centre. I intend field office for the Trust for Public „ Mark Hitchcock consults for to visit F&ES when I come to the Land. Previously she served as direc- Fairweather Forestry in northwestern United States to see my children, who tor of the Northern Forest Protection Washington, and serves on the boards are undergraduates at three different Fund for the Open Space Institute of the Skagit Land Trust and Skagit universities.” and as executive director of the Conservation District. „ Mark Nature Conservancy Connecticut Plotkin sends greetings from Brazil. 1983 25th Reunion Year Chapter, where she led a successful This year, he was named Newman Class Secretary campaign to secure $185 million in School Alumnus of the Year (second Stephen Broker new state funding for conservation.” place: Peyton Manning, MVP of Super [email protected] Bowl XLI). Mark also won the 1985 Carol Kennedy Hearle writes: “I am Auerbach Award of the Wilderness Class Secretary Medical Society for contributions to at the University of Maryland and working on conservation and sus- Alex Brash the medical community’s appreciation [email protected] of indigenous healing wisdom, and tainability issues.” „ Ann Pesiri was named the Cincinnati Zoo’s Swanson was honored by the Anne Sergeant writes: “I manage peer Wildlife Conservationist of the Year University of Vermont Alumni reviews for the grants program in the for working with 27 Amazonian Association in June. President Daniel office of research and development at tribes to map, manage and protect 41 Mark Fogel presented this citation to the EPA, and it feels good to know million acres of ancestral rainforests. Ann: “For more than two decades, I’m helping sow the seeds for future Ann Swanson has dedicated her life to environmental protection. I also get 1982 the conservation of the Chesapeake to do cool stuff like work on our Bay, most recently as the executive National Sustainable Design Expo.” Class Secretaries director of the Chesapeake Bay http://es.epa.gov/ncer/p3/expo/index. Barbara Hansen Commission, a tri-state legislative html [email protected] authority composed of legislators, Kenneth Osborn cabinet secretaries and citizens from 1986 [email protected] Maryland, Virginia and Pennsylvania. Dave Braun writes: “My wife, Becky Mir Javed Hussain writes: “I am … In the Bay region, there is hardly Nelson, and son, Zev, 14, are loving supervising the Greater Mekong a piece of conservation legislation in life in Hood River, Ore. We just did a Subregion Environment Operations the tri-state region that does not have kayak trip on the Klikitat River, Centre. As part of the aim to build the Ann Swanson’s mark on it. She is Class II and III rapids. My consulting environmental management capacity known for her ability to lead and to business in tree care, forestry and of the center, we are looking for fac- be the catalyst of new ideas. She also ecorestoration is growing (with criti- ulty to work with colleagues in the has a gift for translating science into cal help from Becky, who does the region on biodiversity conservation policy. Currently, Swanson heads up books). My favorite part is pruning and sustainable natural resource the region’s efforts on the reautho- 80 feet up a Ponderosa pine. Zev has management (forest, water), and for rization of the Federal Farm Bill. …” packed his freshman schedule with interns who can work on field sites.” three band classes; he and his buds „ Betsy Jewett writes: “I have been 1984 have a ‘band,’ which hasn’t made it out working for the past four years on Class Secretaries of the basement yet. Becky, a 1986 bringing a science center to my Therese Feng graduate of the Yale School of Nursing, hometown, Spokane, Wash. We have [email protected] is the main health care provider at a fabulous site on the Spokane River Roberta Tabell Jordan NORCOR, the regional jail.” „ Eric for the Mobius Science Center, when [email protected] Carlson writes: “My wife, Susan, and it is built. Three years ago, we merged Denise Schlener is the national I live in Washington, D.C., on with the local children’s museum and, Capitol Hill. I divide my time profes- two years ago, opened Mobius Kids, director of the Land Trust Alliance. In the summer issue of Exchange: The sionally between sustainable planning, which is science-oriented and for architecture consulting, media devel- children up to third grade. I am co- National Journal of Land Conservation, the following announcement appeared: opment and teaching graduate courses chair of the exhibits design and edu- in green design at the Corcoran cation committee, hiring an exhibits “Denise will lead the delivery of the Alliance’s programs to land trusts College of Art & Design in D.C. As design firm to work with sustainable an artist, I alternate between the architect William McDonough and nationally and lead the field staff. She cut her teeth in professional environ- abstract and representational; a recent Partners, to build a science center. We painting of mine was shown at the hope to open our doors by 2010.” mental organizing and lobbying with her experience of working on the Corcoran Gallery. However, my „ Ada Ndeso-Atanga writes: “I have Alaska national interest lands legisla- present focus is more conceptual – been a professional forester for the a kinetic sculpture powered by United Nations for the past seven tion in the late 1970s. Most recently,

38 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies photovoltaic panels, tentatively titled logging. She is an experienced field ocean. Jennifer works on energy ‘Solar Loom.’” „ Caroline Norden biologist with advanced degrees in efficiency and environmental issues writes: “Curtis and I are living in the areas of animal behavior, ecology at Osram Sylvania, where she is the Visit the Yale Yarmouth, Maine, and raising two and population biology. She has environmental marketing manager girls, Sarah, 8, and Katrina, 2. I have conducted long-term research in for General Lighting. In July, my School of Forestry a part-time land conservation con- Malaysia, Indonesia, Kenya and most recent book was published – & Environmental sulting practice, which keeps me Madagascar on a variety of species, Leviathan: The History of Whaling in incredibly busy. We spent a great including mountain lions, sea otter, America (See Bookshelf, page 17), Studies website at week this summer with Brenda Lind mongoose, Asian elephants, gaur, and I quit my job as a fishery policy environment.yale.edu and her two girls at our camp on small mammal populations and analyst at the National Marine Mountainy Pond.” numerous African and Asian species Fisheries Service in Gloucester, of primates. „ Nina Marshall Mass. I am now a full-time writer, 1987 writes: “I have been in touch with having signed a two-book contract Class Secretaries Mary Rowen, D.F.E.S. ’92, and in with W.W. Norton. In July, I began Christie Coon fact just spent a night at her lovely my book tour, which focuses mainly [email protected] D.C. apartment that has the most on New England, and that has been Melissa Paly gorgeous view of the treetops (she a lot of fun. To see where I have been [email protected] lives near the zoo). And, under cer- and will be, check out my website.” tain circumstances, she can even www.ericjaydolin.com „ Anthony Christie Coon, Pamela Manice, hear the Grevy’s zebra snorting.” Irving writes: “I partner with Star Nina Marshall, Melissa Paly and [email protected] „ Doug Childs ’80 on EECOS. Our kicks Josh Royte had a good time at the McGuire writes: “I’m working at the come from being in the woods and F&ES reunion. The Class of 2002 Food and Agriculture Organization. comparing the differences and similar- seems to be vying for a close second Colette is busy pursuing art, and ‘lit- ities of various sites. So we’re earth to the Class of 1980 in the spirit tle’ James is two years out of college detectives, and I like to think we’re department. But it was really great to and living in Northampton, Mass.” getting pretty good at it. I’m also reconnect to one another and the „ Joel Seton writes: “I immigrated working on getting the Eightmile school; learn about the incredible to Israel two years ago. There I met River in southeastern Connecticut diversity of initiatives going on; meet Laura Fink (now Laura Seton), an designated as a federal Wild and terrific grads and some fired-up cur- immigrant from Chicago who has Scenic River. After six years and pas- rent students; meet Nina’s husband, been in Israel for 16 years. We mar- sage in the House, we’re just waiting Doug, and Christie’s other half, Allen; ried in Jerusalem this year with 400 on the Senate and the president’s sig- watch Tom Siccama get almost choked family members and friends there to nature sometime this fall.” „ Manuel up by the Distinguished Service Award rejoice with us. We then traveled in Ramirez writes: “I am director for he so much deserved; get a glimpse the United States for a five-week Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama of the new building; and, most coast-to-coast tour to catch up with for Conservation International, work- important, gorge on the world’s best loved ones who could not make it to ing both on terrestrial and marine pizza at Sally’s. „ Jean Brennan is our wedding and for family celebra- ecosystems. It has been a challenging an international conservation scientist tions in San Francisco and Chicago. experience for 19 years. I do lots of for the Defenders of Wildlife in My time in Israel has been mostly traveling in the entire region of Washington, D.C. She has over 10 occupied with intensive Hebrew lan- Central America, South America and years of professional experience across guage study, with a grant pending for other places.” „ Carlos Rodriguez- a range of technical areas, including work on some water-related environ- Franco, D.F., is director of the Forest wildlife conservation, forest ecology mental projects. Laura works as an Management Sciences staff for the and natural resource management, independent writer, editor and graphic Forest Service. Before joining the climate-change science and interna- artist. She is also an accomplished Forest Service, Carlos worked in the tional environmental policy. Jean was songwriter and musician. We make USDA’s Agricultural Research previously employed by the U.S. our home in Jerusalem.” Service, where he was based in the Agency for International Development, Office of International Research where she served as a senior science 1988 20th Reunion Year Programs. He moved to the United advisor. Among her duties, Jean Class Secretaries States from Mexico and became an assisted the environment staff and American citizen in 2003. He partners in nongovernmental organi- Diane Stark [email protected] acquired many years of high-level zations overseas with carrying out government management experience strategic planning and program design, Philip Voorhees [email protected] before joining the U.S. civil service including establishing performance in 2003, including as director gener- monitoring plans and conducting Eric Dolin writes: “I am living in al of forestry research at Mexico’s evaluations. Her most recent work in Marblehead, Mass., with my wife, National Institute of Forestry, Asia focused on issues related to Jennifer, and two children: Lily, 10, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry wildlife trade, enforcement and issues and Harry, 7. We love New England Research. of forest governance and illegal and especially being so close to the

Fall 2007 39 notes

1989 regional niche markets. A promising dams for American Rivers to become new business model for our neck of a state bureaucrat with the Department

class Class Secretaries the woods, but it comes with a steep of Conservation and Natural Susan Campbell learning curve.” Peter Kyburg Resources. I still work on river issues, [email protected] „ writes: “I am practicing law on but have taken on some new things, Jane Freeman Nantucket with Kyburg & Wilson, like deer management, which is a [email protected] P.C., where I do mostly real estate lively topic here in the Keystone State. Jenny Aley writes: “I’ve been working transactions. I was the chair of the My daughter, Charlotte, who was born in environmental education and Nantucket Conservation Commission during our second year at F&ES, is interpretation for the past 10 years, for many years. I have three children now in college. She is a biology most recently for Brookside Nature with my Costa Rican wife. We just major at the University of Wisconsin Center in Montgomery County, Md., celebrated 11 years of marriage. We in Madison, and her younger sister where I am the volunteer coordinator go to Costa Rica three months a year, Tess is a junior in high school. Steve and a park naturalist. We have about where we surf, fish and play tennis runs a progressive think tank here, 90 volunteers who help us with nature in the tiny west coast town of where he is usually the ‘other point programs and camps, native plant Ostional.” „ Claudia Martinez of view,’ and our pets run the house- gardening and trail monitoring. I writes: “We returned to Bogota at the hold.” „ Yajie Song, D.F.E.S. ’95, recruit, hire, train and assign the vol- end of August. My children are fine, writes that he is the principal investi- unteers. My husband, Steve Gold, a enjoying their grandmother and gator and research scholar of the Yale 1987 graduate of Yale Law School, cousins and uncles. I have resigned Urban Environmental Crisis just started teaching environmental from the Andean Development Bank Management (UECM) research proj- law. We are avid bird-watchers and and will be organizing myself inde- ect. “The 2007 China UECM Forum enjoy traveling, but we don’t have to pendently next semester, hoping to was held in Shenzhen, China, and go far – our house borders a small have more time for my family and was co-hosted by the China wooded park and, as a result, we’ve me.” [email protected] „ Cyril Association of Mayors (CAM) and seen 43 different species of birds at May writes: “Yale has kicked environ- the UECM project. More than 70 our feeders.” [email protected] mental management issues into very mayors, deputy mayors and other „ Dawn Amato writes: “In addition high gear over the last three years, as urban leaders from 28 Chinese cities to my work as a communications evidenced by the creation and expan- attended this year’s forum. The col- trainer, I am a personal and profes- sion of the Office of Sustainability laboration between CAM and the sional life coach, specializing in (www.yale.edu/sustainability). UECM project provided helpful career development, work transitions Whereas I used to push for environ- experience that targeted China’s and work-life balance. I trained with mentally preferable products and urban environmental crisis control the Coaches Training Institute in San practices for most of my 17 years and development. This is especially Rafael, Calif., and now have my own working here, it is now the adminis- relevant with the recent Tai Lake thriving practice, Silver Wings tration that pushes me to implement water pollution crisis in Wuxi, Coaching and Consulting, in Boulder, programs related to recycling and Jiangsu Province, along with recent Colo. I work with clients across the green cleaning. Outside of Yale, I months of floods, hurricanes, sand- United States. In addition to my work work with the Connecticut Recyclers storms and air-water pollution events. as a life coach, I am also rekindling Coalition (CRC). We worked with a Invited speakers included F&ES my love for environmental and essay number of players to pass an elec- Professor William Burch and Hixon writing, and I am exploring some tronics recycling bill in Connecticut. Center Director Colleen Murphy- options for a monthly column. I I represented the CRC in an advisory Dunning, among many other distin- remarried in February 2000 my won- capacity as the Department of guished guests. I had the privilege of derful partner, Dave Gelderloos. Environmental Protection developed presenting the main address to the Maddie, 14, and Nevin, 11, are mine. a new solid waste management plan. forum. Valuable support was provided Lucy, 20, and Ben, 15, are his. We’ve Much more fun has been providing to the program by Goldman Sachs and loved that they have all become ours! the ‘Recycling is Magic’ storytelling/ the Global Institute of Environment Our sense of peace comes from liv- magic show to school groups around and Sustainable Development.” ing in the mountains, where we hike, the state over the last several years ride mountain bikes and enjoy every (ctrecyclers.org/recyclingmagic.doc). 1990 season.” „ Susan Campbell writes: I am very happy at home with wife Class Secretaries “Work is the most satisfying ever, as Becky (met through the Compost Judy Olson Hicks our new business, Massachusetts Co-op and my shifts working at the Carolyn Anne Pilling Woodlands Cooperative, strives for F&ES library) and children Natalie, [email protected] financial viability in the near future. 10, Nick, 6, and Ella, 2.” „ Sara The coop is FSC-certified, so when Nicholas writes: “We’ve been in Ann (Allen) Camp writes: “As I met our members sell logs to us, we central Pennsylvania for the past 10 most of my fellow classmates during coordinate the value-added process- years, where I left the nonprofit world Mods, they may be interested/ ing and then sell wood products into and the fun of knocking down small amused/horrified to know that I’ve

40 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies been tapped by Dean Speth to carry training program offered at a local independent consultant for environ- on with their organization, given college. I really want to support mid- mental project design and evaluation Tom Siccama’s impending retirement. wifery and the wonderful, but few, through the Global Environment I’ve been his understudy for the past midwives that we have in our com- Facility, the United Nations and two years, and this year it’s my turn munity. I am also focusing on trying other clients. „ Kathy Roy Hooke to host ‘under the tree.’ Remember? to remodel a portion of our house writes: “I’m in my 14th year teaching Cautions about poison ivy and yel- using as many green options as we 11th graders at the Mountain School low jackets, matching up those with can afford.” [email protected] in Vershire, Vt. Last year, I taught places to stay and those needing environmental science and introduced same, asking who’s been robbed 1991 some Terre Eco elements including Visit the Yale already. … So many memories! If Class Secretaries an all-school field trip up Moosilauke. you’re ever in New Haven, stop up Richard Wallace We take 45 students from around the School of Forestry for a visit on the third floor of Marsh [email protected] country (mostly cities) each semester, & Environmental Hall. With my new appointment, I’ll and I really love the opportunity to be there at least until 2012! P.S. My Geoff McGean and his wife, Trish, share my world with them and see it Studies website at and their children are doing well and daughter, who attended some of the through their eyes. I’ve also been environment.yale.edu TGIFs as an infant, is now in college. living in Lincoln, Mass. Geoff is the having lots of fun introducing our executive director of a small land trust Was it all that long ago?” „ Jen son, Benjamin, to the natural world. Lamb writes: “I am living happily at called the Rural Land Foundation. He loves doing ‘tree ID’ when we go the eastern base of the Wind River for hikes. By his second birthday, he Mountains in west-central Wyoming, 1992 could identify 12 local trees! My where I manage public policy for the Class Secretary husband, David, has discovered the National Outdoor Leadership School. Katherine Kearse Farhadian joys of timber frame construction, As pressures on public land in the [email protected] and after building us a cabin on the West have increased, my job has Lisa Diekmann writes: “I’m at the shores of Penobscot Bay in Maine turned toward advocacy – working Wilderness Society and all is well. and a new house in Vershire, he has to protect the wilderness ‘classrooms,’ After 11 years at the Yellowstone started a business called Timberhomes where we teach, mostly from oil and Park Foundation, it was hard to LLC. I’m trying to take back all the gas development. My husband, Jim, leave such a wonderful place. The nasty things I’ve said in the past and I took a late dive into parenthood mission of the Wilderness Society is about sappy old pasture pines now and just welcomed our baby boy, noble, its approach deliberate, the that I’ve seen the beautiful curved Bennett, in August of 2006.” dialogue well-reasoned, the staff timbers that David can create from „ Najib Murtaza writes: “Our wonderful and the cause a worthy them.” „ Kate Lance was featured daughter, Nadine, graduated from Bryn one. I am looking forward to this as a Geographic Information Systems Mawr in May 2006, and is back home new chapter of my life.” (GIS) hero in the spring 2007 issue with us. She has joined our family of ArcNews, a publication of ESRI, enterprise, Headstart School Islamabad 1993 15th Reunion Year which is an international company (www.headstart-pakistan.com). She is Class Secretaries headquartered in Redlands, Calif., a student counselor and also teaching Dean Gibson that provides GIS and the support to English to a group of Chinese students [email protected] use them. The newsletter cited Kate at a sister concern, Thames Business Molly Goodyear for her work promoting spatial data School. Alamdar is in Rochester, [email protected] infrastructure initiatives on the con- N.Y., and should graduate in 2008. I Heather Merbs tinent of Africa: supplying relevant visited New Haven in August last year [email protected] documents to the Nigerian with Nadine. It was a pleasure to Geoinformation Policy Drafting meet up with Jane Coppock. I quit Andre (Thomas) Eid has been based Committee in 2003, participating in the World Bank a few years ago and in Nairobi, Kenya, for two years, rep- the stakeholders workshop for the have joined our school full time. I resenting Norway and the Ministry adoption of the draft policy, providing can always manage to squeeze some of Foreign Affairs. His specific task is free advisory service for the imple- time out for golfing.” „ Susannah to follow the work of the United mentation of the national geospatial Troner writes: “I write grants to raise Nations Environment Programme infrastructure in Nigeria and being money to help pay for services for and the United Nations Human the resource person at a five-day the Dade County (Florida) Office of Settlements Programme, UN-HABITAT, regional workshop on Spatial Data Strategic Business Management. The both of which have their headquarters Infrastructure. She is the founder county is starting a sustainability there. He feels privileged, and the and editor of the Spatial Data office to work on climate change work is extremely relevant to his Infrastructure (SDI) Africa Newsletter. issues, so hopefully I will also be years at Yale. „ Jeff Griffin, his Kate is committed to promoting the involved with this effort in some wife, Amy, and their three boys have use of reliable geospatial data and capacity. I have joined an advisory just moved from Portland, Ore., to tools, while working on her Ph.D. board for a midwifery education/ Billings, Mont. Jeff is busy as an

Fall 2007 41 notes

1994 Policy fellows. I ran into Josh at “I’m working at an education think Union Station a few months ago. I tank in Cambridge, Mass., develop-

class Class Secretaries met Jessica at a seminar at the World ing a high school curriculum in bio- Jane Calvin Wildlife Fund. I see Don Chen ’92 complexity. I’ve also been teaching [email protected] and his family regularly, which is a environmental biology at Boston Cynthia W. Henshaw lot of fun, and keep in good touch College. I was hanging in Amagansett, [email protected] with Bill Mott ’93 and David Moffat.” N.Y., last weekend and met a couple Jane Whitehill [email protected] Jane of the latest F&ES crop, Rachel [email protected] „ Calvin writes: “I enjoyed visiting with Gruzen ’07 and Alark Saxena ’07.” Jeffrey Andrews writes: “I’m an Cynthia Caron, who was home from „ Anne Paddock Downey writes: “I attorney at the firm of Locke Liddell Sri Lanka, and the amiable Mark ran a half marathon, even though & Sapp in Houston, and my practice Ashton ’85, Ph.D. ’90, at the Caron this time last year I couldn’t run a is primarily patent litigation. My wife, family lakeside cottage in early half mile! But I trained all year long Dale, and I are keeping busy with August. I am a voice for urban land and was able to complete the race. our two daughters, Isabelle (Izzy), protection as director of the Lowell During the first part of the race, it who is starting kindergarten, and Parks & Conservation Trust. I also was 95 degrees and humid, and I Georgia, 18 months old.” „ Brooke enjoy getting involved in a local con- almost didn’t make it. But then a Barrett writes: “I returned to Seattle gressional campaign. Our son, Silas, 5, thunderstorm blasted through town, in May after four months in South enters kindergarten in the fall, and dropping the temperature by at least America, ending my trip in the rain- his younger brother, Isaac, continues 20 degrees. With a storm raging forest of Peru near Puerto Maldonado. to demonstrate his ability to creatively around me, my adrenaline shot up, I went to New Orleans in June to work push boundaries.” „ Cynthia and I ran a quick pace for the last with the St. Bernard Parish school Caron writes: “I consult for the five miles, actually passing people. I board rebuilding effort.” „ Andrew United Nations Office for Project was the top fundraiser (the race ben- Beckerman, Ph.D. ’99, writes: “My Services in Sri Lanka, and the job has efited the Children’s Hospital at wife, Sophie, Rosabel and I are having taken me to Bangkok and Dubai. I Dartmouth), bringing in over $5,000 a great time in Sheffield, United am a project manager for disaster- from more than 50 donors, several Kingdom. I am an associate professor related assessments. I am monitoring of whom are F&ES classmates!” at the University of Sheffield, and conditions in refugee camps. I have „ Steve Harrington writes: “We are Rosabel is nearly a year old. I was at an article about environmental riding out a year of atrocious Irish the Ecological Society of America protest and means of citizenship in weather and a number of lost family meeting in San Jose and ran into my the Journal of Asian and African members (our children’s last grand- old boss, Oswald Schmitz, as well as Studies (47).” „ Susan Carpenter parent and great-aunt, among others), Laura Meyerson ’95, D.F.E.S. ’00, writes: “I am the land preservation but the sea-kayaking guide work is and Frederick Meyerson ’95, Ph.D. director and counsel to the expanding, and I am just beginning ’00, Evan Preisser ’98, Andy Westchester Land Trust in Westchester the hunt for a book agent for the Kulmatiski ’99, Karen Beard ’96, County, N.Y. We are, as always, pretty novel that I have written. I’m working Ph.D. ’01, and Barney Luttbeg. All in busy with conservation easements, on a proposal for a small marine all, a Greeley Labs-like reunion.” especially in the New York City ecology center in our remote corner „ Geoffrey Blate writes: “I became watershed in northern Westchester. I of Ireland, and am helping draft a father last summer and again just will be forever grateful to Tom Siccama some alternative policy positions on recently. We adopted a little boy, for teaching me something about how forestry for Ireland. Present policies Daniel (2 years old in August), from to understand what I am looking at are atrocious despite Forest Kazakhstan, and we just came home when I am out in the field.” „ Eliza Stewardship Council certification.” with Sabina. So now we are a family Cleveland writes: “I competed in the „ Mary Jensen writes: “After almost of four. Last September, I started an Pan American Games in sailing. The nine years working full time for the American Association for the games were held in Rio de Janeiro National Outdoor Leadership School Advancement of Science ‘Science and from July 13 to 29. I competed in the as a field instructor, I graduated from Technology Policy Fellowship’ at the Hobie Cat 16 class and unfortunately nursing school and took a job at the Environmental Protection Agency’s we came in fourth, just missing getting University of Utah Hospital in Salt Global Change Research Program. I a medal. It was an amazing experience Lake City. I completed a five-month don’t get to work on tropical ecology to represent the United States. There nurse residency program in critical and conservation, but I’m learning a were 5,600 athletes from 42 countries care, and am now working as a regis- lot about climate-change adaptation competing. The United States sent tered nurse on the burn trauma strategies. It was fun to see Cynthia about 600 athletes to the games. See intensive care unit. The work is chal- Barakatt ’93, Josh Foster ’93 and the F&ES alumni website for two lenging, sometimes very taxing and Jessica McGlyn earlier this year. photos of me sailing and wearing a gratifying – the University of Utah is Cynthia ran one of the professional red hat. I am at the Peabody Museum the regional burn trauma center for development workshops that AAAS of Natural History and living in five Western states. I’m still adjusting organizes for Science and Technology Branford.” „ Marlene Cole writes: to life in Salt Lake City after living in

42 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Lander, Wyo. (pop. 8,000), since resource extraction company that puts and I formed Sage Energy Group, a 1996. I’m getting married to Nils sustainable resource development into renewable energy development Eddy, an architect and native of New everything that it does. The company company.” In early July, Eileen and Hampshire. We’re both transplants to was founded on the belief that busi- family welcomed a new baby brother this desert city and making our way ness can and should produce social for Kieran, Ethan Frederick. together. The wedding is scheduled good and contribute to the sustain- [email protected] „ Diana for September, when the heat subsides ability of our planet’s ecosystem Wheeler writes: “At the end of June, and fall colors start showing up Alta while producing financial returns Don, Kate and I flew from Austin to way.” „ Bill Keeton was awarded that reasonably reward the risk and Washington state. We stayed at tenure and a promotion to associate commitment of their shareholders. national parks on the Olympic Visit the Yale professor of forest ecology and forestry David is shuttling between the Peninsula and then took the ferry at the University of Vermont. His Pacific Northwest and Ghana. over to Victoria, B.C., to see Dave School of Forestry research has focused on old-growth [email protected] Moffat and Carol Hall, who were in & Environmental riparian forest dynamics in the „ Sean Murphy writes: “I moved to the process of relocating there. It’s a Adirondack region and experimental Portland, Maine. My new company gorgeous island, and we got to visit Studies website at silvicultural methods for promoting focuses on alternative energy (hydro, Butchart Gardens at the height of the environment.yale.edu old-growth characteristics and func- wind, tidal).” „ Jen (O’Hara) rose season and go out Orca watching tions in managed forests. He is also Palmiotto, D.F.E.S. ’99, and Peter on a small boat. We especially enjoyed actively involved in research on cli- Palmiotto ’92, D.F. ’98, had a wonder- wearing the required big orange mate change, carbon and biomass, ful visit from Mirei Endara de Heras jumpsuits that made us look like and he recently initiated work on in May. „ Melissa Spear was astronauts. We’re expecting a little sustainable forestry in the Ukrainian appointed Connecticut state director brother for Kate in early December.” Carpathian Mountains. He lives in by the Trust for Public Land (TPL), a „ Jane Whitehill writes: “I’m occu- Burlington with his wife, Karen, and national nonprofit conservation pied with medical writing and politi- two children, Will, 7, and Julia, 3.5. organization, in June. Melissa replaces cal troublemaking, and having a [email protected]. „ Erik Tim Northrop ’03, who left the good time doing both. We had a Kulleseid writes: “Mark and I and organization after 10 years to join the splendid TGIF-NYC, organized by the girls are adjusting to the shock of F&ES Development office. Melissa is Javier Dominguez.” our move from the Upper West Side in the New Haven office, where she of Manhattan to Albany. I accepted will lead new conservation projects, 1995 an appointment as deputy commis- adding to those she has already coor- Class Secretaries sioner for open space protection in dinated – for example, the soon-to-be Marie Gunning the state parks department. I walk to completed Ethel Walker Woods proj- [email protected] work, but have to rely on the car for ect in Simsbury, Conn., which will Ciara O’Connell shopping.” „ Sherry Login writes: protect several hundred acres of forest [email protected] “Our second son, Gal, was born in and meadows that are critical to the August 2006. Two months later, we town’s water quality. As state director, Marie Gunning writes: “What a took Gal and his brother, Ziv, on a she will direct local land conservation shock to learn that Rico Tarifa was five-week camping trip to Australia. projects and help communities create among those killed in the GOL plane It was quite an adventure, 36 hours funding for land conservation. She crash over Brazil (Obituaries, Spring of traveling with an infant and a tod- will also oversee several regional pro- 2007, page 56). How sad for us to dler. We drove north along the coast grams in Connecticut, including its lose such a kind and happy spirit. from Sydney, to Cape Tribulation and Parks for People program in Hartford; Rico was truly a very special individual then to Cairns in a six-berth camper- its Connecticut River program, which and a much loved member of our van. The campervan was quite luxu- is refining and implementing a plan for class. Thank you to Testuro Mori for rious – toilet, shower and even a conservation in the river’s watershed; sharing one of the e-mails Rico sent flat-screen TV, which came in handy and its Litchfield Hills Greenprint him not long before his tragic death. during those toddler moments. In program, where TPL and partnering In it, Rico speaks to all of us: ‘I hope May, I returned to part-time work at organizations are working to develop you give yourself the opportunity to Con Edison after nine months of a long-term vision for conservation follow your dreams. Life is now. We maternity leave. I provide environ- in Litchfield County. She lives in all must look for love and follow our ment, health and safety support for Bethany, Conn., with her husband dreams.’” „ Fred Meyerson, Ph.D. Con Ed’s Distribution Engineering, and family, where she was a former ’00, writes: “Laura Meyerson Energy Services and Energy Efficiency selectwoman, and now serves on the (D.F.E.S. ’00) and I published lead articles in the May issue of Frontiers Departments.” „ David Moffat is planning and zoning commission. in Ecology. I wrote my article, director of sustainability with Clark „ Eileen Cates Stone writes: “My son, Sustainable Resource Developments, Kieran, is 4 years old. My husband ‘Migration and the Environment in based in British Columbia. CSR and I are having fun teaching him the Context of Globalization,’ with Developments is an international how to ski. Last year, two partners two Mexican co-authors – Jorge Durand and Leticia Moreno. Laura,

Fall 2007 43 notes

with co-author Hal Mooney of the role of the elderly in HIV care. ing in the Boundary Waters Canoe Stanford wrote the article, ‘Invasive Our daughter, Asha, 6, is blossoming Area near my mom’s cabin. He’s class Alien Species in an Era of and loves learning to read. Our son, working at the Minnesota Center for Globalization.’” Enoch, 4, is showing glimpses of a Environmental Advocacy, the same future architect and engineer in his place where I interned after graduating 1996 work with Lego blocks.” from F&ES.” „ Ali Jalili writes: Class Secretaries [email protected] „ Liza Esser “I’m in the Foreign Service. I follow Kathryn Pipkin teaches middle school science in the oil and gas sector in the economic [email protected] Washington, D.C., and recently took section at the U.S. Embassy in Julie Rothrock a group of students on an adventure Moscow. My wife, Courtney, is an [email protected] to Alaska. She is engaged to be married executive officer with USAID. Our in June. „ Paulette Frank writes: “I two boys, Brady, 6, and Aidan, 4, are Saleem Ali writes: “My new edited am a senior director of strategy and happy living in our townhouse com- volume, Peace Parks: Conservation assurance for Johnson & Johnson’s plex. For climate change folks, last and Conflict Resolution was published Worldwide Environment, Health and winter was the warmest in Moscow by MIT Press, (see Bookshelf, page Safety Department. I absolutely love in something like 120 years. We 18). In the preface, I mention how my work and love doing it on behalf were happy about that.” my time at Yale inspired me to work of a company where caring for people [email protected] „ David on some of these issues. A descrip- and the planet are at the heart of the Newman writes: “I’m the director of tion of the book and endorsements founding principles. I am also sustainability for a life sciences com- (including one from E.O. Wilson) can expecting my second son in pany called Millipore. This is a new be found at the publisher’s website.” September, and can’t wait to be the position for the company. My organi- http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/ mother of two little boys who love zation also includes environment, default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11250 and respect nature as much as their health and safety and properties. I David Casagrande has been a „ mommy does.” „ Derek Halberg am looking at how to reduce our professor of environmental anthro- writes: “Christy Johnson (an exchange greenhouse gas emissions, and at pology at Western Illinois University scholar at F&ES in the fall of 1996) product life cycle management and since 2005. He and his longtime soul and I had our second child in June, alternative energy options for our mate, Donna, have purchased 55 Eleanor ‘Nora’ Raye Halberg. Our 3- manufacturing plants. Our son, Ben, acres along the Spoon River, which year-old son, Caden, is relishing his is 2, and we live in Carlisle, Mass.” they plan to restore to native habitat. new role as a big brother. We reside [email protected] Michael Dorsey was a featured „ in Chapel Hill, N.C. Christy is an „ Matt Norton writes: “I’m in Twin speaker at the Environmental advisor to USAID’s environment Cities, Minn., working on forest Leadership Program conference in team for Latin America and the management improvements, encour- July on climate leadership and solu- Caribbean. In March, I was promot- aging public lands to be managed to tions in Newark at the New Jersey ed to executive director of the Tar restore the range of natural variability Institute of Technology. The confer- River Land Conservancy, where I’ve to Minnesota’s forested landscape. I’m ence, “Emerging Leaders, Emerging worked since the summer of 2004.” also working for rational management Solutions: Taking Action on Climate [email protected] „ Jared changes in how state and federal Change and Global Warming,” high- Hardner writes: “I’m living in public land managers in Minnesota lighted model policies and practices Amherst, N.H., with my wife and 2- control off-highway vehicles. I’m for creating change in individual year-old twin daughters. I’m running working to guide clean, renewable lives and local communities. He a consulting practice, Hardner & biomass energy research and demon- writes: “Government, business, aca- Gullison Associates LLC. Work stration dollars to native perennial demic and grass-roots leaders are includes projects to evaluate the per- (prairie) restoration and cellulosic encouraging individuals and organi- formance of conservation programs energy production, rather than forest- zations to take action in increasingly for donors in the field of conservation based energy production. My partner, effective ways. Collectively, these and design of biodiversity manage- Kelly, and I adopted a 10-year-old efforts represent a blueprint for chang- ment strategies for corporate clients.” girl almost two years ago. I’ve been ing the way our country responds to „ Sarah Hick writes: “I had a com- working on biomass issues with the threat of global warming.” Also mitment ceremony with my partner, Shalini Gupta ’02.” „ Jigme Paldne on the program were Don Chen ’99 Suzie Darnell, in October 2006. Lisa writes: “I am running to become a and Shalini Gupta ’02. „ Andi Clark came out from Oregon to be national councilor from my district Eicher writes: “My wife, Dr. Sheba part of the ceremony. I am writing for a seat in the upper house of the Eicher, and I are helping people with my doctoral thesis to finish my Ph.D. government of Bhutan, which will HIV/AIDS through home-based care in curriculum and instruction at the become a democracy in 2008.” in the city of Thane, India. We had University of Minnesota, and will be „ Kath Schomaker is running for Govind Rangrass, a Yale college stu- a professor of education at Hamline another term on the legislative council dent, do a focus group among elderly University in St. Paul starting this fall. in Hamden, Conn. She was encour- caregivers as part of his research into I just ran into Matt Norton while hik- aged by progress during her first

44 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies term on energy conservation, open commute from New Hampshire, developing country. Spanish is com- space acquisition and approval for where he enjoys making his home. ing, slowly but surely. In January, we the final leg of the Farmington Canal The easiest way to find him is to go hired Catherine Schloegel ’06, who Greenway through Hamden. Once to a contra dance in southern New is doing a wonderful job helping to the greenway is completed, hopefully Hampshire. „ Alexander Evans, train community foresters, working by early summer 2008, she looks for- Ph.D. ’06, writes: “I moved to Santa on agroforestry and initiating envi- ward to rerouting her bike commute Fe and am a research director for the ronmental monitoring.” „ Josh from home to F&ES without having Forest Guild. I’m enjoying the Reid writes: “I live in Salt Lake City, to travel on Whitney Avenue. Her Southwest and I find myself working where I practice environmental law daughter, Claire, is happily ensconced with F&ES colleagues all the time. I as a partner at Parsons Behle & Visit the Yale in Philadelphia. „ Joanne Sciulli work down the hall from Mike Latimer. My wife and I have two boys, writes: “I live in New Haven, and Debonis ’02 and am collaborating Liam, 6, and Harry, 3. I stay very School of Forestry run a nonprofit that I started, Solar with Alex Finkral ’97, Ph.D. ’05, on busy serving on the Utah State Board & Environmental Youth. Check out our website to research on Ponderosa pine.” of Regents, which oversees Utah’s 10 learn about our new Neighborhood „ Kelly Keefe writes: “I am living in campuses.” [email protected] Studies website at Model, launching this fall.” Gainesville, Fla., having fun finishing „ Alden Whittaker writes: “I live in environment.yale.edu www.solaryouth.org „ Robin Sears my Ph.D., and I am working in the Libreville, the capital city of Gabon, writes: “After 10 years at Columbia land conservation program in our a beautiful country in Central Africa University (for a Ph.D., postdoc and county Environmental Protection of only 1 million people. There is research), I have moved back to my Department.” [email protected]. also plenty of wildlife, although sadly homeland to be the dean of The „ Jon Kohl writes: “I live in Costa it is diminishing. I spent my first year School for Field Studies in Salem, Rica. I’m specializing in environmental here living at a research station in Mass. I was delighted to see class- interpretation, protected-areas manage- Lope National Park doing an elephant mates Karen Beard, Ph.D. ’01, Jenn ment, sustainable tourism and public identification study. I have since Pett-Ridge and Marcia Tobin at the use. I am affiliated with the World moved into the finance realm and am Ecological Society of America gather- Heritage Centre. We are developing a living a relatively normal life with an ing this year.” long-term assistance program for office job, a comfortable apartment, a World Heritage sites to carry out park rambunctious cat and numerous fine 1997 planning. I have a Costa Rican wife restaurants in which to dine.” Class Secretary who teaches at the University of [email protected] Paul Calzada Costa Rica, a 14-month-old son and 10th Reunion Year [email protected] two black cats.” www.jonkohl.com 1998 „ Kristen (Needham) Jordan Class Secretaries Nancy Alderman was featured in the writes: “I have been keeping busy on environment and health section of Nadine Block Vancouver Island with daughter [email protected] The New York Times in May. Founder Evelyn, 7, and son Thomas, 4, and of Environment and Human Health, Claire Corcoran with the launch of our farm business, [email protected] a nonprofit organization dedicated to Sea Cider Farm & Ciderhouse. We protecting human health from envi- are growing certified organic apples Nadine Block gave birth to twin boys, ronmental harms through research, and fermenting the juice into hard Alex and Eli, in May. The babies were education and promotion of sound a little early, both weighing around 5 cider.” „ Roger Landivar writes: public policy, Nancy has tackled “I’m with the World Wildlife Fund pounds. „ Jelena Cali writes: “I am issues such as pesticide use at schools, in Bolivia, 10 years since I left F&ES. a second-year doctoral student at the children’s exposure to diesel exhaust It has been a fun ride doing my University of North Carolina School on school buses and environmental hardest to apply some of the ideas of Public Health in its Department of influences on cancer. „ Shauna picked up at F&ES on conservation Nutrition, and a predoctoral popula- Alexander started a business and biology to the dynamic and confus- tion and environment trainee at the gave birth to a baby girl, Carlyle, on ing reality of Bolivian politics.” Carolina Population Center.” March 24. Jose Argueta writes: “I Vanessa Johnson writes: “I’m living „ „ Christina Page writes: “In June, I „ did a doctoral program in political left Rocky Mountain Institute’s energy in Boston, working as a land protec- science at the University of Pittsburgh. and resources team to tackle a new tion specialist with the Massachusetts I now work at Pitt teaching and opportunity in Silicon Valley. I am Department of Conservation and doing research. My wife, Liza, teaches now director of climate and energy Recreation.” „ Brad Kahn writes: part time at Pitt, but still has one more “Erin and I spent some time getting to at Yahoo! in Sunnyvale.” „ Peter year to go to complete her Ph.D. in Pinchot writes: “I am working on the know Buenos Aires. We then traveled education. Our boy, Isaac, is 6, and Ecomadera community forestry and to Ushuaia, the southernmost city in our daughter, Sara, is 4.” „ Paul wood products enterprise in the the world. From Tierra del Fuego, Calzada writes that he is starting a coastal plain of Ecuador. Things are we worked our way up the spine of new job with the Conservation Law going great in the project, and my the Andes by bus. For more on our Foundation in Boston and will family is adapting well to being in a adventures and a link to the latest

Fall 2007 45 notes

photos, visit our blog.” www.bradan- bank headquartered in London that port of the development of UNDP’s derintravel.blogspot.com „ Elliot finances renewable energy projects climate change adaptation portfolio. class Mainzer, manager of transmission and runs a carbon fund. I focus on Many of the projects are funded policy and strategy at Bonneville projects in Spain and Latin America, through the Global Environment Power Administration, has received an and I am spending most of my time in Facility.” „ Quint Newcomer, annual achievement award from the Madrid.” „ Bryan Garcia was one of Ph.D. ’07, writes: “I’m director of the Utility Wind Integration Group in seven individuals and organizations University of Georgia’s campus in recognition of his leadership in devel- recognized by Connecticut Governor Costa Rica and split my time between oping the Northwest Wind Integration Jodi Rell for innovative contributions Athens, Ga. (enjoying the great Action Plan. The organization, based to address global climate change. He music scene and living on a 300-acre in the Pacific Northwest, is dedicated helped develop a program while protected hardwood forest on the to accelerating the integration of working at the Connecticut Clean Broad River), and San Luis de wind power into electric utility Energy Fund to educate state agencies Monteverde. In September 2006, I power systems. and organizations about climate- married Lori Bork, who worked with change issues, and he contributed to Cesar Pelli and Associates in New 1999 the development of Connecticut’s Haven, and we’re playing on a com- Class Secretaries Climate Change Action Plan. He also petitive traveling ultimate Frisbee Jocelyn Forbush developed programs and established team together. Emerging Markets for [email protected] aggressive targets that encouraged the Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Jennifer Garrison development and use of renewable Panama Canal Watershed, co-edited by [email protected] electricity in Connecticut, including Shimi Anisfeld, Mike Fotos, Brad Christiana Jones the Connecticut Clean Energy Gentry and me, will be out in [email protected] Communities Program. This program November.” „ Chris Nyce and his continues to result in additional solar wife, Rukmini, announce the arrival Jennifer Baxter was elected as a photovoltaic installations throughout of Priya Ananda Nyce – their second principal of Industrial Economics in the state. Bryan is now program girl – on April 12 in London. Cambridge, Mass., in January. director with the Center for Business „ Michael Sterner writes: “I am mov- „ Don Chen with Smart Growth and the Environment at Yale. ing to Seattle to complete law school America was a featured speaker at the at the University of Washington. The Environmental Leadership Program 2001 acting dean there, Gregory Hicks, is conference on climate leadership and Class Secretaries a Yale alumnus who specializes in solutions in Newark at the New natural resources law.” Jersey Institute of Technology in July. Leigh Cash [email protected] The conference, “Emerging Leaders, 2002 Emerging Solutions: Taking Action Adam Chambers on Climate Change and Global [email protected] Class Secretaries Warming,” highlighted model policies Jennifer Grimm Catherine Bottrill and practices for creating change in [email protected] [email protected] individual lives and local communities. Dave Ellum, Ph.D. ’07, writes: Roberto J. Frau Also on the program were Michael “Mona, the kids and I are situated in [email protected] Dorsey ’96 and Shalini Gupta ’02. our new home in Asheville, N.C., Beth Alves writes: “I am working „ Jennifer Heintz writes: “Lillian where I am an assistant professor of right up the road from F&ES at the Grace Heintz, born March 2, was sustainable forestry at Warren Wilson Connecticut Agricultural Experiment christened on Sunday, July 29, at College.” „ Rusaslina Idrus writes: Station for almost four years now; Holy Trinity Catholic Church in “During the spring, I returned from mother to two lovely daughters, Hartford, Conn.” „ Gang Zong over a year of fieldwork in Malaysia, Victoria, 4, and Stephanie, 2, and writes: “In May, I began working at where I was studying an indigenous enjoying polishing up our antique the Chinese embassy in Helsinki, land claims court case. I returned to colonial in Oxford.” „ Barbara Finland, as the First Secretary in Cambridge, Mass., where I am in the Bamberger is living in San Diego, charge of education issues.” Ph.D. program in the Anthropology and traveling a lot. She has wrapped Department at Harvard University.” up her last bit of work for AECOM- 2000 „ Jesse Johnson was mentioned in a EDAW on the North Slope of Alaska. Class Secretaries feature on “20 Ways to Live Green” She has also been working half time Erica Shaub in the February issue of House & as an environmental policy advisor [email protected] Garden. „ Pradeep Kurukulasuriya, to the mayor of the City of Chula Zikun Yu Ph.D. ’06, writes: “I am a technical Vista, the second-largest city in San [email protected] advisor on the climate change adap- Diego County. „ Elizabeth Ban is tation unit within the environment engaged to an environmental lawyer Alisson Araya, Ph.D. ’06, writes: “I and energy group of the UNDP in named Bill. „ Ryan Bennett is living have been working for Climate New York. I provide guidance in sup- in San Francisco, where for the past Change Capital, a boutique investment

46 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 18 months he has been starting a change in individual lives and local Ethan Andrew Poppe was born in boutique clean-energy private equity communities. Also on the program London this spring. „ Nalini Rao is company called Greenrock Capital. were Michael Dorsey ’96 and Don finishing her Ph.D. in natural „ Catherine Bottrill is starting a Ph.D. Chen ’99. „ David Howlett is resources, studying water quality in at the University of Surrey, where her working on his Ph.D. at the University the New York City watersheds. This research will explore sustainable of Florida, where he was awarded a fall, she will attend the weddings of energy lifestyles and, in particular, Fulbright Scholarship for his field- Gwen Busby and Liz Levy. „ Yemi how our personal and professional work in Spain. He will be in Lugo, Tessema moved to California a year choices affect our energy use and Spain, for nine months. He has been ago, and she and Heinrich welcomed carbon emissions. „ Sarah Canham investigating carbon and phosphorus a baby boy, Silom, this summer. Visit the Yale is working on updating the vegetation cycling in silvopasture systems in two „ David Vexler, Ph.D. ’06, writes: map of the National Elk Refuge in regions of Spain. „ Brad Hunter is “I am the environmental and social School of Forestry Jackson, Wyo. „ Liam Carr is work- doing an M.B.A. at the University of financing coordinator for Hunt Oil in & Environmental ing in Angel, St. Croix. „ James North Carolina, Carrboro. „ Shafqat the Peru Liquid Natural Gas project. Coleman is an environment and nat- Hussain is in his sixth year working This project involves the construction Studies website at ural resources officer with the United on a joint Ph.D. at F&ES and with and operation of a world-class LNG environment.yale.edu Nations Mission in Liberia, having anthropology, and is finishing his liquefaction facility, a marine export served in previous capacities as senior dissertation. Annie, his wife, is also terminal and a transportation pipeline environmental officer for the environ- writing a dissertation for her Ph.D. to feed gas to the LNG plant. The mental protection agency in Liberia in anthropology. They have three pipeline will stretch from the and chief technical officer for the children – Khadija, 8, Musa, 5, and Peruvian Andes to the coastal area.” Society for the Conservation of Nature Askari, 1. „ Clayt Lauter is working www.perulng.com „ Corey Wisneski of Liberia. „ Kim Danley and her at Florida Power and Light. „ Citlali is a researcher at Battelle in Duxbury, husband, Jeff, have settled in Midway, Cortés Montaño is starting a Ph.D. Mass., concentrating on coastal water Utah, in the Wasatch Mountains just in January at Northern Arizona quality issues. She is also a member of 10 minutes from Park City. They University’s School of Forestry after the town conservation commission, welcomed a little boy, Ian, this spring, having spent four amazing years with and serves on the Duxbury Bay and Gavin is now 3. Kim plans on WWF. Citlali will be doing fieldwork Management Commission, which resuming land conservation consulting and consulting with the National manages Duxbury Bay for multiple in the fall. „ Matt Eddy and Sarah Commission of Protected Areas in uses. Corey and her husband recently Pelmas welcomed Owen Swift Collins the Copper Canyon area. Her Ph.D. bought a house in Duxbury. Eddy into the world on June 6. Matt will involve researching fire ecology teaches field biology and works as and forest structure in Northern 2003 5th Reunion Year the academic dean of the Bay School Mexican forests. „ Chris Nelson Class Secretaries in San Francisco. „ Neal Etre and works on implementation of the Brian Goldberg Kendra Kinscherf bought a condo in Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, [email protected] Boston, and Kendra will be clerking both in Connecticut and on a regional Scott Threadgill for a judge at the land court, where level. Chris was also involved with [email protected] they hear cases on land use, zoning the establishment of the Climate and some environmental and conser- Registry, a collaboration between Elizabeth Allison is conducting research in New York’s Hudson River vation issues. „ Michael Funaro states, provinces and tribes aimed at and Zhanna Beisembaeva-Funaro developing and managing a common Valley and Bhutan. „ Richard moved back to New Haven this sum- greenhouse gas emissions reporting Chavez writes: “Ben Hodgdon and mer, where Danna started fifth grade system. On the side, Chris helped to Margarita Fernandez ’04 visited and continues her passion for tennis. found Sustainable West Hartford. He Nicaragua. They visited my city of Kair is 1. Michael is working to protect and Nina Arnold eloped and got Leon, and we all went to the beach New Yorkers from environmental married in January on a beach on to have seafood for lunch. After my disasters for the New York City Phillip Island, which is located south work with Metafore (2005 to 2006) in Portland, Ore., I went to Nicaragua Department of Health. „ Shalini of Melbourne, Australia. At a belated Gupta with Izaak Walton League wedding celebration in August, in May 2006 and started consulting was a featured speaker at the Chris and Nina announced that they for the Rainforest Alliance. I had a Environmental Leadership Program are expecting a baby in March. great time in Portland, and had the chance to meet with F&ES classmates conference on climate leadership and „ Elizabeth Rowls Poppe and hus- solutions in Newark at the New band Darrell reside in Wimbledon, Nathan Carroll, Nancy Cothran, Jersey Institute of Technology in July. London, where they have settled Terry Miller, Karen Murray and The conference, “Emerging Leaders, after two great years in Baku, Marni Rapoport. I visited F&ES last Emerging Solutions: Taking Action Azerbaijan. Elizabeth taught biology May and had the chance to speak on Climate Change and Global and environmental science at the with my former professors: Chad Warming,” highlighted model Baku International School, and is Oliver ’70, Ph.D. ’75, Florencia policies and practices for creating now concentrating on motherhood. Montagnini, Amity Doolittle ’94,

Fall 2007 47 notes

Ph.D. ’99, and Tim Gregoire and for PricewaterhouseCoopers’ sustain- environmental policy.” „ Nicole staff, including Peter Otis and Emly able business solutions practice in Vickey has moved to Orlando, Fla. class McDiarmid ’78. I am enjoying my Vancouver, doing forestry and envi- time with my three kids, Richard, ronmental audits for our clients in 2004 Bryan and Isabel.” North America. My wife has recently Class Secretaries [email protected] returned to work, and Fletcher just Keith Bisson „ Brian Goldberg writes: “I’m plan- had his first birthday on May 27. Deb, [email protected] ning and designing a sustainable Fletcher and I drove to southern Daniela Vizcaino community in upstate New York. For Maine and spent some time in [email protected] the forested site, I’m running a two- Boston and Brooklyn.” „ Brendan Jennifer Vogel month salamander migration study to McEneaney writes: “I moved to [email protected] determine key habitat conservation Santa Monica, Calif., where I run the Laura Wooley corridors within the development.” green building program for the city.” [email protected] „ Kate Hammond writes: “My hus- „ Florence Miller writes: “I’m get- band, Geoff, Che and I are in the ting hitched to Bill Finnegan in Robin Barr writes: “I am a community midst of a two-year stint in D.C., September.” „ Derek Murrow forestry advisor for the Tropical Forest where I am a National Park Service writes that he and Ali Macalady ’06 Trust’s Southeast Asia programs. We fellow working for the House of headed to Tucson this summer for her help communities managing forests Representatives’ Natural Resources Ph.D. work. They spent the summer and agroforests to become FSC- Committee.” [email protected] in Dorset, Vt., and then moved to certified. My job keeps me traveling „ Karen (Murray) Hardigg writes: Arizona in August. He is going to between my base in Seattle and “I moved back to Alaska in January continue working for Environment countries throughout Southeast Asia, with my husband, Nick, who accepted Northeast and will be going to Boston though most of my time is spent on a job with the Alaska Conservation or New Haven about once a month. forest programs in Indonesia.” Foundation. In June, I started a posi- [email protected] „ Kabir Peay, „ Cecilia Blasco writes: “I’m planning tion with the Wilderness Society as in anticipation of his upcoming wed- a trip to Venezuela to visit Daniela the Alaska forest program manager, ding, pulled together a group of his Vizcaino and to go diving in Los which means I primarily work on friends, including Nathaniel Carroll, Roques.” „ Cherelle Blazer writes: Tongass and Chugach National Forest Avery Cohn ’04 and Oliver Grantham, “I have a boy who is nearly 2 years policy. We both savor our three-mile for a weeklong pre-wedding surf old, and I am pregnant again, with a bike commutes on a great trail system. adventure on Panama’s Pacific Coast. baby girl this time.” Cherelle is I’m slowly learning how to fish.” The week was full of big waves, trop- working as head of environmental „ Ben Hodgdon published an article ical waters, fresh fish and Whiffle projects for EverGreen Land, an this summer in the Bangkok-based Ball matches. „ Soni Pradhanang environmentally sensitive real estate Watershed Magazine, presenting notes writes: “I finished my Ph.D. candidacy, developing company with a mission on the state of forest management in and am busy going to my field sites to connect people with nature through Laos and summarizing the experiences in Skaneateles Lake Watershed, N.Y.” mitigation, land management, cost- of the sustainable forestry project [email protected] „ Curtis effective problem-solving and public that he led in Xekong Province while Robinhold writes: “I’m commercial service. Her portfolio includes projects working for the World Wildlife director for the Europe/Asia wind in Texas and Colorado. „ Laura Federation. „ Krithi Karanth and power business in London for British Bozzi writes: “This is my first year as her husband, Denis, had a baby girl, Petroleum Alternative Energy. Angela a Ph.D. student at Duke’s Nicholas Keya Karanth-Ostrovsky, on March and I are enjoying a lot of European School. I plan to focus on climate 31. Krithi’s first paper from her Ph.D. travel and seeing many of our F&ES change policy.” „ Marco Buttazzoni dissertation was printed in the journal and SOM friends.” „ Abdallah Shah writes: “Valerie (Craig) and I moved Biological Conservation. She continues writes: “I am in Dar, and working for to Rome in April.” „ Jon Cook is to write her dissertation at Duke. the Nile Transboundary Environmental working for the World Wildlife Fund’s „ Pete Land recently became co- Action Project.” „ Jay Shepherd Greater Mekong Program, based in director of Wild Gift, a grant program writes: “I’m acquisitions and devel- Vientiane, Laos, through next April. for entrepreneurial environmentalists. opment manager with Weston „ Kyla Dahlin writes: “I’m living in He’ll spend a good part of the autumn Solutions in Washington, D.C.” San Francisco and starting a Ph.D. in based in Idaho and would love to „ Ninian Stein writes: “I just gradu- biology at Stanford, where I’ll study catch up with some F&ES Westies. ated with my Ph.D. in anthropology remote sensing, landscape ecology Meanwhile, he’s keeping his day job and archaeology from Brown and climate change.” „ Sarah making videos and websites with Bill University in May, and am now asso- Davidson writes: “I’m at the World Finnegan at Tamarack in Vermont. ciate director of environmental studies Wildlife Fund in Washington, D.C., „ Christine Lee was elected a senior at the University of Massachusetts with the macroeconomics program associate at Industrial Economics in Boston. For my first semester, I will office. I recently met with Melissa Cambridge, Mass., in January. teach undergraduate courses in Aikens, Robin Barr, Jen Vogel Bass, „ James Lucas writes: “I am working historic environments and in Kim Mortimer and Corrina Steward

48 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies for a mini-reunion in Tennessee’s „ Kim Mortimer writes: “I’ve been a San Francisco urban planning Smoky Mountains.” „ Yuko hopping around the state as a wildlife organization. „ Susan Tambo Dvorak-Miyata writes: “I got married biologist for Florida Fish and Wildlife writes: “We are living in Jakarta, after graduation and am an environ- Conservation Commission, and have Indonesia, and I have two kids. I am ment, health & safety specialist for settled in Sarasota. I’m working on busy with the new baby, a little sister the Asia Pacific region with GE private lands conservation, which for Muta. Her name is Leia Marjorie Commercial Finance, Real Estate. I has proved to be an important and Thandiwe Neilson.” „ Xue Wang work with Marty Walters.” „ Tasha difficult arena in this development- writes: “I am the communication Eichenseher writes: “I’m based in dominated state. I still have my two officer and critical ecosystem part- Hong Kong doing editorial research kitties – now all grown – and I’m nership fund China manager for Visit the Yale for the National Geographic Channel.” doing as much art as possible.” Conservation International’s China „ Margarita Fernandez writes: “I „ Naoko Nakagawa went to northern program that is based in Beijing.” School of Forestry have moved to Oaxaca, Mexico, after Thailand in January for thesis field- [email protected] & Environmental two years in Laos. I am a consultant work. On a visit back to Japan this „ Abby Weinberg, research manager for research institutes and local summer, she worked with Earth- with the Open Space Institute, was Studies website at nongovernmental organizations on Appraisal, an environmental consul- featured prominently in a Forestry environment.yale.edu sustainable agriculture and commu- tancy in Tokyo, launched by Source article in August, “Forest nity development issues. I am an Hironori Kamemoto, Ph.D. ’97. She Service Releases Open Space inspector for certified organic farms enjoyed meeting Natsuko Nakano Conservation Plan,” detailing the throughout Mexico, mostly coffee Merrick, who was on vacation from agency’s advisory capabilities on grower groups.” „ Ona Ferguson her Ph.D. work at Ohio State open space conservation. Weinberg served as facilitator, according to University and in Japan with her 7- and OSI recently closed a deal with Exchange: The National Journal of month-old daughter and her Ohioan The Nature Conservancy on a Land Conservation, at a recent board husband, Ken. Before going on her 161,000-acre parcel that includes a of directors retreat for the National fieldwork, she had a two-month-long two-year working forest agreement. Community Land Trust Network. The project in Malawi, and enjoyed vaca- „ Jeremy West writes: “I am a new National Community Land Trust tioning in Ethiopia. „ Ken Odaka resource conservation and develop- Network launched this year to provide writes: “As account executive and ment coordinator for the U.S. local land trust organizations with later as marketing planner of an Department of Agriculture Natural access to training, technical resources advertising agency, I had been work- Resources Conservation Service, and contacts to help strengthen and ing for Toyota’s project to release the working to build local capacity to increase community land trust efforts. new Camry produced in their new address emerging conservation and „ Beth (Egan) Larry writes: “Jeff and factory in China. Camry has been quality-of-life concerns.” I tied the knot in July, and I have gone selling well since its launch and www.somdrcd.org „ Kevin Woods through the process of changing my received China’s Car of the Year in writes: “I’m a regional timber trade name.” [email protected] „ Katherine 2006. Since April, I have been analyst at an environmental investi- Lin writes: “I graduated from Lewis & involved in a project that is related to gation agency based in Southeast Clark Law School in Portland, Ore. Toyota’s hybrid vehicle in Japan.” Asia. I’m working on Burma environ- After my three-year hiatus from the „ Beth Owen and Keith Bisson ment issues, particularly with trans- East Coast, I am a legal fellow with the were married on May 12 at the boundary environmental networking.” Physicians Committee for Responsible Gilsland Farm Audubon Center in „ Laura Wooley writes: “I’ve been Medicine in Washington, D.C.” Falmouth, Maine. You can find them working at New York City Parks & „ Robyn Smith Luhning and at the confluence of the Stillwater Recreation for over two years. The husband welcomed a baby boy last and Penobscot rivers in Orono, Central Forestry & Horticulture year, and Robyn works for a corporate Maine. „ Neha Sami writes: “I’ve Division has begun implementing sustainability consulting business in started my third year as a doctoral Mayor Bloomberg’s PlaNYC sustain- San Francisco. „ Rosemarie Mannik student at the University of Michigan. ability initiative, which involves a writes: “I’ve been living in Melbourne, I’m in the process of taking my qual- threefold increase in our street tree Australia, for the past year and loving ifying exams and will hopefully get planting budget. With a goal of 1 it. I’m working in the environmental to candidacy in the fall. I will spend million trees in New York City by division of Sinclair Knight Merz, most of 2008 in India doing field- 2030, we have a lot of work to do.” an engineering consulting firm.” work.” „ Dani Simons writes: “I am [email protected] „ Heather „ Megan Mattox writes: “I moved to living in Brooklyn, very near Sarah Wright is living in San Francisco and New Zealand in March after a year and Bendit ’05, whom I see often, and enjoying her new position with the a half in Sydney, Australia. I work for Laura Wooley and Jen Vogel.” Dani Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Hancock Natural Resource Group in has been working for the New York in its environment program. Her timberland investment management in City Department of Transportation. work is focused on grants within the Australasia. I live a block from the [email protected] „ Laura Conservation International beach and enjoy everything out- Tam writes that she has a new job Commitment, in addition to manag- doors.” [email protected] working on sustainability issues with ing grants administered to other

Fall 2007 49 notes

nongovernmental organizations August in Colorado’s San Luis Valley, floating zone statute that requires engaged in international conserva- and shortly after Aaron accepted a environmental impact studies before class tion projects. „ Kate Zyla writes: “I fellowship with the Colorado any rezoning. By day, I run a bioma- started working on an environmental Conservation Trust. We are happily terials company. In addition, I serve initiative with National Geographic.” settled in the tiny agricultural town of as an adjunct law professor teaching [email protected], Monte Vista.” As part of his fellow- land use and environmental law at [email protected] ship, Aaron works to conserve pri- the University of Connecticut Law vate lands in the valley with the Rio School. I’m developing one of the 2005 Grande Headwaters Land Trust nation’s first classes on climate law.” Class Secretaries (RiGHT) and Ducks Unlimited. „ Vincent Medjibe writes: “I David Cherney „ Andrea Johnson writes: “I fight received a research grant from the [email protected] ecocrimes with the Environmental International Foundation of Science Dora Cudjoe Investigation Agency from to conduct research on the natural [email protected] Washington, D.C., where the struggle regeneration of tropical timber species. Virginia Lacy is to pass legislation to criminalize the My contract finished on June 30, so I [email protected] import or sale of illegally harvested left the project to our research assis- Benjamin Urquhart timber products.” „ Richard Karty, tants to continue and to send me the [email protected] Ph.D. ’05, traveled to the Bay Area of data when they finish. After I returned San Francisco this summer and to my country, Central African Olga Babakina writes: “I am working attended an F&ES picnic that Republic, I was accepted at the in Kazakhstan for the largest EPC included Katy Guimond ’01; Anne University of Florida, where I am contractor company in Central Asia. Eschtruth ’00 and her husband, enrolled in the School of Natural Some of our projects include con- Alexis Dinno ’00; Sylvia (Stone) Resources and Environment to pursue struction of the Kazakhstan-China Busby ’00 and her daughter Aiko; a doctoral program in interdisciplinary pipeline, a Europe-Kazakhstan high- Georgia (Silvera) Seamans ’01; and ecology.” „ Azalea Mitch writes: way. In particular, I am part of a new Upik Djalins ’00. „ Josh Levine is “I’m an environmental engineer for a team working on the upgrade of a living in southern New Hampshire consulting firm in Connecticut. I was petrochemical complex in the Caspian and working for Tamarack Energy, in Cameroon working on a water dis- base. We want to make a few technical developing biomass and wind energy tribution system with the Engineers changes to produce low-sulfur, clean facilities in the Northeast. Josh and Without Borders Yale Student fuel, which will match Euro IV fuel Sue’s second child, Ethan, was born in Chapter this August.” „ Angela standards.” Lauren Baker writes: „ early May. „ Michelle Lichtenfels Quiros writes: “I’m working part “I work at the Center for International writes: “I’ve been working at Portland time with an NGO called Isla Environmental Law in Washington, Energy Conservation, where I admin- Biodiversity Conservation that my D.C., as a program associate for the ister energy efficiency programs for friends and I started, doing terrestrial Law and Communities and Human large California utilities, alongside biodiversity research and conservation Rights and Environment Programs. I Allie Robbins (Yale SOM ’05). Matt in the Babuyan Islands, Philippines. I am living with Sarah Matheson and has been racing his road bike, and returned from a biodiversity survey enjoying D.C. life.” „ Lisa Botero we climbed Mt. Adams in early July. in Camiguin Island in February. writes: “I just finished a master of I’ve seen Ann Grodnik, Amy Another third of my time is spent in public administration degree at the Shatzkin, Jim Cronan ’06, Brett whale shark conservation (I did my University of Miami, and am the Golden and Dan Stonington pretty master’s work on whale shark tourism environmental resources manager for regularly.” „ Virginia Esperanza in Donsol). I was science officer for a the City of Miami Beach. I am Lorne writes: “Matt and I celebrated whale shark photo identification responsible for all environmental the birth of our identical twin expedition in southern Leyte (an obligations of the city, including reg- daughters, Carmen and Camille, on island in the Philippines) in March ulatory compliance, policy develop- March 27. Their brother, Travis for Coral Cay Conservation/ ment and remediation of its lands, (born in December 2005), enjoys Philippine Reef and Rainforest properties and waterways. I also am a having a couple of siblings to prod Conservation Foundation. A final third liaison with the state and county on or kiss, depending on his mood. On of my time is taking care of environ- managing the beach ecosystem.” a sad note, our dog, Mot, died of mental management, specifically waste Alvaro Redondo Brenes writes: „ bone cancer in April.” „ Sarah management and environmental edu- “I’m in the doctoral program at Matheson writes: “I am working at cation at my family’s 20-room beach F&ES. In my fieldwork, I am study- the World Bank in Washington, D.C., resort.” www.puntabulata.com/ ing the effect of land use and of and attempting to make it a ‘greener’ „ Tendro Ramaharitra writes: “I political and socioeconomic factors organization every day. I competed was in Madagascar for the summer on the conservation of mammal and in my second triathlon in Florida.” doing my predissertation research. I bird species in the Path of the Tapir „ Joe MacDougald writes: “I head returned to the University of Biological Corridor, Southwest Costa the Madison, Conn., Planning & California, Berkeley for the fall.” Rica.” Carishma Gokhale writes: „ Zoning Commission. It took years, „ Amy Shatzkin writes: “I’m working “Aaron Welch and I were married in but this year we finally put in place a for International Council for Local

50 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Environmental Initiatives – Local 2006 Tech in Arlington, Va., in February. I Governments for Sustainability, sup- visited Seoul, Korea – caught up Class Secretaries porting the efforts of cities and coun- with two classmates from F&ES.” Susan Ely ties in the Pacific Northwest develop Alder Keleman writes: “After [email protected] „ energy global warming policy. Seattle graduation, I spent a year in Mexico Krista Mostoller and the area continue to amaze, and City on a Fox International [email protected] it helps that Jim Cronan ’06, Dan Fellowship, continuing research on Flora Chi Stonington and Ann Grodnik are all the relationship between maize and [email protected] here as partners in crime.” Tanja NAFTA at the Colegio de Mexico. I „ Reilly Renshaw Dibner Srebotnjak writes: “I am a postdoc at am based in Mexico City, working at [email protected] Visit the Yale the Daniel J. Evans School of Public the International Maize and Wheat Jill Savery Affairs at the University of Washington Improvement Center as a Mickey School of Forestry [email protected] in Seattle. I also work with the Yale Leland International Hunger Fellow, & Environmental Center for Environmental Law and Saima Baig writes: “I am coordinator and plan to move to D.C. in July.” Policy.” „ Dan Stonington writes: of business and biodiversity and [email protected] „ Taek Studies website at environmental economics with the “I’m working alongside Alison Van Joo Kim writes: “After three months environment.yale.edu Gorp ’04 as a project manager for World Conservation Union (IUCN) of interning at the Food and the Cascade Land Conservancy in in Pakistan. I have been liaising with Agriculture Organization of the Washington State. My focus is on organizations in the private sector to United Nations in Rome, Italy, I am implementing transfer of development get them more involved in conserva- back to my country (South Korea) rights as a tool for conserving working tion in Pakistan. As for environmental working at the Korea Environment farm and forest land in the greater economics, I have completed an eco- Institute. I am working on the pay- Seattle area. I’m also now in my second nomic valuation of a stretch of man- ments for forest genetic resources year as a board member for High groves (about 3,000 hectares). I am project.” „ Jayoung Koo had a baby Country News, a nonprofit newspaper also working on an IUCN project on in March, and is in a Ph.D. program dedicated to environmental and environmental fiscal reforms. In July at University of California, Davis. social issues in the American West.” Kristen Welsh and I visited Mummi „ Wei-Chien Lai has been working www.hcn.org „ Megan Sutton Gudbrandsson in Iceland for two on a project to draft a management writes: “I’ve started a new job at The weeks. In September, I went to Nepal plan for the first national marine park Nature Conservancy as its Mountains to attend the IUCN’s regional conser- – Dongsha Atoll Marine National District Stewardship program manager vation forum.” „ Flora Chi writes: Park—for a research institute in in Asheville.” „ Elena Traister “This summer, I went windsurfing Taipei. In September, she went with writes: “I’m in a Ph.D. program at and sailing in the South China Sea. Kim Wilkinson and Jill Savery to the University of New Hampshire, The Yale Club Hong Kong also keeps Bhutan to visit Chimi Wangmo. She and my research focuses on the effects me busy – routinely we gather at says that she is getting married soon. of disturbance on stream ecology and happy hour once a month, laced „ Deanna Lekas writes: “I’m applying biogeochemistry. I was in the Czech with periodic exciting events, like my F&ES industrial ecology educa- Republic researching over the summer. whiskey tasting and outdoor hiking.” tion to the area of green nanotech- I returned to the Massachusetts [email protected]. „ Debora nology at the Wilson Center in College of Liberal Arts as an assistant Fillis writes: “I am a wetland specialist Washington, D.C. I’m also enjoying professor of environmental studies developing environmentally sensitive weekends at the beach with my hus- this fall.” „ Carlisle Tuggey writes: community plans and municipal band, whose last name – Lizas – I “I’ve been living in Portland, Maine, wetland ordinances for the Delaware will adopt soon.” „ Luisa Lema since graduation. I started working Wetland Assessment program.” finished her fellowship at the United in the environmental practice group „ Ross Geredien writes: “Julie and I Nations Foundation at the end of at Preti Flaherty law firm in the fall were married on August 4, 2007, in August and returned to Colombia of 2005. I’ve had the opportunity Princeton, N.J. We had a wonderful in mid-September, where she is a to travel to several U.S. cities for time with family and spent a few consultant with the foundation. American Bar Association environ- gorgeous days in Vermont before „ Mary McNealy writes: “I am mental law conferences.” returning home to Annapolis, Md. moving from Philly to Portland, Ore., „ Benjamin Urquhart writes: “On I’m working as a biologist and and taking a new job with WebMD. I July 7, I married Julie Shoemaker in Geographic Information System spe- am definitely looking forward to the Concord, Mass. We hiked and sea- cialist for the Maryland Department more outdoor-oriented culture out kayaked in Newfoundland for two of Natural Resources. I continue to there, since my hiking boots have weeks. I am a biomass specialist for work part-time to stop mountaintop gotten too little use in Philadelphia.” the Massachusetts Department of removal mining.” „ Alicia Gray „ Chris Meaney writes: “I’m living Conservation and Recreation.” writes: “I spent the summer of 2006 in D.C. and working for the National „ Huiyan Zhao writes: “I am traveling in Bolivia, Guatemala and Marine Fisheries Service as a Knauss working for Mitkem Corp. in the United States. I’m living in Fellow in the office of Habitat Rhode Island, and I got married!” Wareham, Mass.” „ Kiko Ichishima Conservation. My efforts are focused writes: “I started working for Tetra on the policy and management

Fall 2007 51 notes

associated with developing ocean on environmentally focused nonprofit that I have created with my friends renewable energy technologies and boards. www.switzernetwork.org on the outskirts of Bogota. It is 3.5

class the potential impacts on living marine „ Rebecca Sanborn Stone writes: hectares of lush vegetation, streams, resources. I am also engaged!” “I am leaving the Orton Family small ponds, rivers and mountains that „ Madeleine Meek writes: “I joined Foundation after a wonderful year. is home to a community of people the Peace Corps and will be in The foundation’s offices are moving wishing to live in harmony with Morocco until June 2009, working to Middlebury, Vt., which is too far nature and with each other. An eco- on protected-areas management, for me to commute. I will continue village is a creative response to such agroforestry and environmental edu- to work on one project with the societal ills as environmental degra- cation. I am ever grateful for the foundation (the Manchester Youth dation, violence, individualism, skills that I learned at F&ES and for Commission) and occasionally on consumerism and alienation from all the professors and classmates small projects. I look forward to nature.” [email protected] who taught them to me.” „ Daniel doing some freelance writing and „ Terry Baker writes: “I accepted a Piotto is a doctoral student at F&ES consulting in the short-term. I also forester position with the Forest and the Lewis B. Cullman fellow at got married this summer.” Service in southwest Oregon on the the New York Botanical Garden. [email protected] „ Yue Siskiyou-Rogue River National Forest, „ Anil Pokhrel writes: “I work on Wang writes: “I am working on a working in silviculture and presale.” disaster risk reduction and climate- project for the Nature Conservancy „ Bridgid Curry appeared in the change adaptation at the Institute for that aims to help the Chinese gov- weddings and celebrations section Social and Environment Transition ernment build two national parks in of The New York Times in June, in Kathmandu. With field sites and China’s southwest in three years. I announcing her marriage to Amos collaborating partners in different work in Kunming, where I was born, Presler. She is a presidential manage- regions of Pakistan, India and Nepal, and stay with my mom.” „ Kristin ment fellow and regulatory analyst at I get to interact with a large number Welsh writes: “I work for the the Environmental Protection Agency of people and experts.” „ Perrine Environmental Leadership and in Washington, D.C., where she will Punwani writes: “I am the program Training Initiative, a joint project examine the effectiveness of environ- manager for the Post Conflict between F&ES and the Smithsonian mental regulations. „ Sue Ely writes: Development Initiative (PCDI) of the Tropical Research Institute. I took an “I am the legislative and communica- International Rescue Committee amazing two-week trip to Iceland tions manager for Alaska Conservation (IRC), one of the largest international with Saima Baig to visit Mummi Alliance and Alaska Conservation humanitarian nonprofit organizations Gudbrandsson.” „ Kim Wilkinson Voters in Juneau. I’ll be working in the world. I have been spending writes: “I’m writing from Taipei, where under Kate Troll ’77.” „ Manisha the bulk of my time in the Jill Savery and I visited Wei-Chien Gangopadhyay writes: “I got a job Washington, D.C., office, but have Lai en route to Bhutan to visit Chimi with the California Public Utilities spent two months in the Democratic Wangmo. I make my living as a free- Commission and an apartment in Republic of the Congo working on the lance writer, consultant and wilder- Oakland.” „ Michael Perlmutter Community Driven Reconstruction ness guide in Lake Margaret, Wash.” writes: “I’ve played gigs with Zoyres Project. I used my F&ES skills to „ Christina Zarrella writes: “After a and have also been playing a few write a simple environmental impact year in Washington, D.C., my husband other things, Bulgarian music with assessment that communities will use and I have relocated to Williamstown, Hudi and some Klezmer.” „ Vanitha as they develop small infrastructure Mass. I work for the Association of Sivarajan writes: “I am an American projects through the program. I am Fish & Wildlife Agencies as their India Foundation Service Corps fellow also part of IRC’s climate change multistate conservation grant program in Madurai, India, working on water working group.” „ Markelle Smith coordinator via telecommuting and resource management with a local writes: “I am a land protection spe- occasional trips to D.C.” „ Xizhou nongovernmental organization. cialist for the Oakland Land Zhou writes: “I work for ‘IEc,’ which I started in September and will Conservancy in Rochester, Mich. My stands for Industrial Economics, an continue until next year July.” husband, Samue, is attending environmental consulting firm based „ Nalin Srivastava writes: “I am Cranbrook Academy of Art, and we in Cambridge, Mass.” a program officer in the National are expecting a baby in November.” Greenhouse Gas Inventory program „ Deborah Spalding is co-founder 2007 of the Intergovernmental Panel on of and chief investment officer at Class Secretary Climate Change in Hayama, Japan.” Chaplin Global LLC in Guilford, Rosalie Kerr [email protected] „ Kate Conn. She is also the newest member [email protected] Woodruff writes: “I am living in of the Switzer Foundation board of Branford, Conn., working with the trustees. She offers a wealth of expe- Anamaria Aristizabal writes: “I have Connecticut River Conservation rience in asset management and accepted a position with McKinsey, District, as well as periodically for alternative investments, and she also the American management consult- Shimi Anisfeld in his lab.” has a great deal of experience serving ing firm in Colombia. What occupies my time is Aldeafeliz, an ecovillage

52 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies obituaries

Henry Osgood “Red” Anderson ’38 In 1956, he became a superintendent Everett Bean ’47 (1921-2007) of (1914-2007) died at home in for the Allegheny National Forest, Dover, N.H., died at his home on Dickson, Tenn., on May 12, shortly moved the following year to a staff August 14 at the age of 86. Everett after suffering a stroke. A native of position in Allegheny N.F.’s Fire was born in Derry, N.H., on Williamsport, Tenn., Red was the Control Division in Washington, D.C., February 23, 1921, the son of son of Dr. Henry Osgood Sr. and and authored “Training in Forest George Bean and Mabel Stella Ethel Claire Gardner Anderson. Fire Behavior” for American Forests (Larkin) Bean. He spent his youth in After receiving his bachelor’s degree magazine. He was chief of informa- Exeter, summering in Tunbridge, Vt., from Vanderbilt University and his tion and education for the U.S. and graduated from Exeter High M.F. from Yale, he volunteered for Forest Service in the Intermountain School in 1939. He received a B.S. in military service with the U.S. Navy Region of Ogden, Utah, and led, forestry from the University of New and graduated from the V-7 program with Arthur Greeley ’35, a first-of- Hampshire in 1943; that year, he at Annapolis, Md. During World its-kind national fire training course married Elizabeth “Libby” Blood in War II, from 1942 to 1946, he that enrolled 30 trainees. In 1966, Hollis, N.H. He then joined the served in the Pacific as lieutenant he began serving as deputy chief in Army Engineers to serve in Europe aboard the troop transport ship USS the Division of Range Management, during World War II, where he Grafton and the destroyer USS in Washington, D.C. He is survived trained in the use of aerial photo- Conway. Before and after his military by his wife and two children. grammetry for the creation of bomb service, he worked for more than 42 sights. Following the war, he earned years as a forester and surveyor with Malchus Baker ’65, Ph.D. (1941- his M.F. from Yale. After his early the Tennessee Division of Forestry. 2002), died on Sept. 24, 2002, at the years as a forester in North Throughout his career, he was affili- age of 62. Malchus obtained a B.F. Woodstock and Webster, N.H., he ated with the Society of American from Southern Illinois University in worked for the N.H. Department of Foresters and, in 2000, was elected a 1964. After earning an M.F. from Yale, Transportation as a highway surveyor fellow of the SAF. He was a member he completed a doctoral program in and engineer, from 1953 until his of the Dickson First United Methodist forest hydrology at the University of retirement in 1986. He subsequently Church and Dickson Rotary Club, Minnesota in 1971. He worked for volunteered at the Strafford County and a leader for the first Boy Scout the Forest Service’s Rocky Mountain jail, tutoring inmates in mathematics troop in Dickson. An avid outdoors- Research Station in Tempe and as they studied for their graduate man and enthusiastic bird-watcher, Flagstaff, Ariz., from 1969 until his equivalency degrees. He was a mem- he demonstrated a lifelong love of death. His contributions to forest ber of St. John’s United Methodist nature, geology and plant and animal hydrology and watershed manage- Church from the time he and his life. He is survived by his wife of 57 ment were numerous and notewor- family moved to Dover in 1954. years, Frances Cowan Anderson; thy, including authorship or joint Over the years, he served as a lay four children, Robert, William, authorship of 112 journal articles, leader, taught Sunday school and James and Martha Anderson Martin; technical bulletins, symposium pro- loved to sing in the senior choir. As and five grandchildren, Ashley, ceedings, books and reports. He was one of the “Methodist Men,” he Stephen, Aquina, David and Cole. a frequent presenter at scientific helped sponsor a Boy Scout troop conferences, symposia and other and enjoyed his years as a troop Elmer Bacon ’37 (1914-2006) died professional meetings. In addition, leader and district advancement on May 30, 2006, at the age of 91. he helped organize numerous chair. The Boy Scouts honored him Born on June 10, 1914, in East regional, national and international for his service with the Silver Beaver Haven, Conn., Elmer was the son of conferences. He was noted for his Award and the District Award of Merit. Edgar Bacon and Lotti Fairchild. He role as curator and authority on the He is survived by two daughters, graduated from New Haven High Beaver Creek and other historic Natalie Kimble and Katherine School in 1931, and earned his B.S. watershed research programs in the Whitehead; a son, Christopher; a at Connecticut State College in 1935 Southwest. He was a member of the sister, Hazel Lovett; eight grandchil- and an M.F. from Yale. After complet- adjunct faculty at the University of dren; seven great-grandchildren; and ing a fellowship at the University of Arizona and Northern Arizona several nieces and nephews. He was California in 1937, he joined the U.S. University, where he presented guest preceded in death by his wife, Libby, Forest Service in 1939 in Quincy, lectures and guided the research with whom he enjoyed 54 years of Calif. That year, he married Dorothy programs of many graduate students. marriage. Chapman, a graduate of the University Shortly before his death, he was rec- of California. In 1941, he entered ognized with the Rural Community Robert Bulchis ’40 (1915-2007) the U.S. Army Air Corps and served Assistance Award from the chief of died at the age of 92 on May 13 in until 1946, achieving the rank of the Forest Service for work he did as Corvallis, Ore. Bob was born in major. He returned to the U.S. part of the Upper Verde River Minersville, Pa., to immigrants Frank Forest Service in Susanville, Calif., Adaptive Management Partnership and Elizabeth (Naikelis) Balczius. and was promoted in 1948 to ranger. in the Prescott National Forest. Following graduation in 1931 from

Fall 2007 53 Minersville High School, he began War II, he joined the North Carolina devoted husband and father, whose “riding the rods” across the country. Agricultural Extension Service in children and grandchildren carry on His Depression-era travels took him 1945 as an extension forestry spe- his many enthusiasms and miss him from Pennsylvania to Florida, to cialist. He served for 18 years, the greatly. He is survived by his wife, California and finally to his “hobo last 13 as professor and head of the Sally; two children, Gail and Rob; five headquarters” in Seattle. In 1933, he Extension Forestry Department. In grandchildren; and a brother, Jack. joined the Civilian Conservation 1963, he went to the University of Corps, with assignments in the Florida, where he served as professor William MacConnell ’48 (1918-2007) Wenatchee and Olympic national and director of the School of Forest died at his home in Amherst, Mass., forests. This inspired him to enroll Resources and Conservation. In on March 17. He was born in Odell in the University of Washington 1969, he earned his D.F. from Duke River, New Brunswick, to David School of Forestry, from which he University’s School of Forestry. He and Marion (MacInnes Smith)

obituaries graduated with honors. While there, joined the U.S. Forest Service in MacConnell, the fourth of nine he worked for the Quilcene Ranger 1977 on a detail in forest policy in children. The family moved to District of the Olympic National Washington, D.C., and was appointed Westboro, Mass., in 1924, where Forest, with two seasons as a look- director of the service’s Pinchot he graduated from Westboro High out on Mt. Walker. He then went to Institute for Conservation Studies in School in 1937. Following two addi- Yale and earned his M.F. with honors. 1978. He retired there in 1982. In tional years of secondary schooling In 1940, he began his career in per- 1986, he and his wife, Mildred, a at Mount Hermon School, he sonnel management in New York native of Crossett, Ark., took up resi- enrolled at the University of City with the Civil Service dence in Little Rock, where John Massachusetts, where he graduated Commission (now the U.S. Office of became active in state forest policy. in 1943, immediately after which he Personnel Management), where he He was a senior associate at Winrock joined the U.S. Army. After World met Helen Foxx, whom he married International; chaired committees War II and earning his M.F. at Yale, in 1942, just before departing for for the Arkansas Wildlife Federation he began teaching at the University Port Lyautey in French Morocco as and Arkansas Division, Society of of Massachusetts. From 1960 until second class petty officer radar man American Foresters; and was active his retirement in 2000, he also with the U.S. Navy. Following World on the Arkansas Forestry Association’s served as the coach of the UMass ski War II, he and Helen settled in communications and teachers’ con- team, becoming the only academic Woodhaven, N.Y. They moved to servation workshop committees. He faculty member in the history of New Jersey, and he continued in the also embarked upon a stage and the university to coach a sport. Civil Service Commission in New screen career, which included Remembered as a gifted raconteur, York City. In 1971, he retired and, appearances in the movies Mars he also expressed pride in the fact with Helen, returned to the Pacific Attacks! and The Rainmaker and that he was the only person at UMass Northwest. In Corvallis, he seriously numerous industrial training films without a Ph.D. who had been pursued his Lithuanian roots, estab- and television commercials. He was awarded a faculty position. Upon lishing a strong network of Lithuanian preceded in death by his wife, retirement, he retained an office at relatives and acquaintances, and Mildred Toney Gray, and son, John. the university. He is survived by with his son, Bill, participated in a He is survived by a daughter, Shirley, his wife of 64 years; his son, human chain across Lithuania in Barbara Brown. Peter; two daughters, Sandy Doolan support of Lithuanian independence and Heather Bessey; two sisters; from the Soviet Union. He is survived William Guttentag ’42 (1919-2007) seven grandchildren; and three by his sons, Bob, Ed and Bill; his died on May 13 in West Palm Beach, great-grandchildren. daughter, Kathy; his sister, Elizabeth Fla., at the age of 88. Born in Ketrus; and four grandchildren. Englewood, N.J., in 1919, Bill earned Robert Martin ’42 (1918-2006) died his bachelor’s degree at Rutgers on December 1, 2006, at the age of John Gray ’42, Ph.D. (1920-2007), a University, followed by his M.F. at 88. Robert was born to Albert Martin registered professional forester, former Yale. In 1943, he married Sally and Myrtle Hanor in Pittsfield, Mass., university professor and part-time Waller. He served as a captain in the where he graduated from Pittsfield actor, died on May 5 at the age of U.S. Coast Guard during World War High School in 1936. He earned a 86. John was born in Falls Church, II. He and his family moved to B.S. in 1940 from Massachusetts Va., on July 5, 1920, the son of Dr. Toronto in 1955, where he started a State College. After earning an M.F. and Mrs. Lewis Gray. He earned his wholesale plywood company. After from Yale, he enlisted in the Army B.F. from Pennsylvania State retiring, he served as a volunteer Air Corps and married Carolyn University in 1941, and then his executive in developing countries. Nutting of W. Boylston, Mass. He M.F. from Yale. Following noncom- He loved to travel and had a passion served until the end of World War batant service as an Army Air Corps for boating, biking, water skiing and II, achieving the rank of first lieu- communications officer in World scuba diving. He was, above all, a tenant. In 1946, he joined General

54 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Electric as an engineering assistant on January 19, 1922, Charles insect collection of more than 1 mil- at the Steel Mill Group in the became interested in the natural lion specimens. He helped found the Industrial Control Division in world as a child in St. Louis, Mo. Connecticut Entomological Society Schenectady, N.Y. The following year, He received a B.S. in 1943 from and the Xerces Society, and served a he worked briefly for the Maryland Principia College. He served as a variety of other scientific organiza- Department of Forests and Parks in medical entomologist in World War tions as a member and an officer. He Bel Air, Md. He eventually returned II, traveling throughout the Pacific, is survived by his wife, Ellen to General Electric in Pittsfield to researching and combating afflictions Mahoney, of Hamden; his former work in the Phenol Plant Chemical such as insect-borne diseases suffered wife, Jeanne Remington, of Boulder, Division. He is survived by his wife, by servicemen active in that theater. Colo.; three children from his first Visit the Yale Carolyn; and three sons, James, John He received his Ph.D. from Harvard marriage, Janna, Eric and Sheldon; and Thomas. in 1948, where he worked on the and three grandchildren, Luke, Ijyo School of Forestry systematics of Thysanura and other and Jeffrey. & Environmental John Mitchell, who had a long and primitive arthropods with the noted noted career in environmental jour- entomologist Frank Carpenter. His Armin Wehrle ’40 (1916-2007) died Studies website at nalism, died on July 7 of a heart lifelong focus, however, was butter- on August 18 of natural causes at environment.yale.edu attack at the age of 75 in Albany, N.Y., flies and moths. In 1947, with support the age of 91. Armin, the son of while returning to his home in Old from his wife and longtime scientific Francis and Agatha (Faller) Wehrle, Lyme, Conn., from the High Peaks collaborator, Jeanne Remington, and was born in Thomaston, Conn., on area of the Adirondacks. John, or in partnership with Harry Clench, April 12, 1916. After graduating “Mitch,” as he was called by friends, he founded The Lepidopterists’ from Thomaston High School in was a contributor to environment: Society. He held many positions in 1933, he received a B.F. from the Yale and wrote the cover stories, the society, including president and University of Connecticut, and “Conservationists Thinking Big to editor of its scientific journal. In attended the University of Munich Save the Last Great Places” and “The 1948, he joined the Department of in Germany and Yale. He worked Coming Water Crisis,” in the spring Zoology at Yale. During the next 44 with the Civilian Conservation 2006 and 2007 issues, respectively. years, he held appointments in the Corps until 1940, when he joined Besides being a devoted conserva- Department of Biology, the Peabody the U.S. Army. During World War II, tionist, he was an environment editor Museum of Natural History, F&ES he served in the U.S. Army’s First for National Geographic magazine, and the Institution for Social & Infantry Division and was part of the editor-in-chief of Sierra Club Books Policy Studies. From 1958 to 1959, Normandy landing on D-Day. In and field editor and writer for he was a Guggenheim Fellow at 1942, he married Clare Walker. Audubon magazine. He was born in Oxford University, where he worked After he retired from the military as Cincinnati, and was a graduate of with the geneticist E.B. Ford and a lieutenant colonel, he went to Yale College, Class of 1954. He was others. He taught courses in ecology, work for the Plywood Research a Mellon Fellow at F&ES in 1980. evolution, entomology, bioethics, Foundation in Tacoma, Wash. He He was the author of many books, endangered species and the biodi- later devoted 25 years to his work including Losing Ground, The versity crises, including his hallmark for Georgia-Pacific Corp. in Coos Catskills: Land in the Sky, The Hunt, “The Biology of Terrestrial Bay, Ore., and later worked in con- Dispatches From the Deep Woods Arthropods.” He mentored several sulting on engineered board prod- and The Man Who Would Dam the generations of scientists, advising ucts. In 1977, the Washington State Amazon. In addition, his writing is more than 80 doctoral candidates University Department of included in a number of anthologies: and 60 undergraduates on their hon- Engineering gave him a distinguished National Audubon Society: Speaking ors theses. He became intrigued by award for his achievements. In 1987, for Nature, Norton Book of Nature island biology while serving in the he was married a second time, to Writing and Points Unknown: A military in the Pacific and, over Catherine Reeves. He was a member Century of Great Exploration. Besides time, visited more than 75 islands. of the Obsidians and the Coos Art his wife, Alison, he is survived by a He also took his research, students Association and was active with the brother, P. Lincoln; a sister, Betsy; and family to the Rocky Mountain environmental committee and two daughters, Katherine and Biological Laboratory in Gothic, Anglers Club in Sunriver, Ore. He Pamela; and three grandsons. Colo., to investigate the biology of enjoyed tennis, fishing, skiing and high-altitude ecosystems. He was mountain climbing. He is survived Charles Lee Remington (1922-2007), widely known for establishing a by two daughters, Ingrid and Martha; professor emeritus of ecology and cicada preserve to protect one of the and two grandchildren. His first and evolutionary biology, field naturalist largest remaining colonies in southern second wives and one daughter pre- and museum curator, died on May Connecticut. While at Yale, he also ceded him in death. 31 in Hamden, Conn., at the age of served as curator of the Entomology 85. Born to Pardon Sheldon and Division at the Peabody Museum. Maud Remington in Reedville, Va., There, he assembled a world-class

Fall 2007 55 Dean’s Message... continued from page 3

the book Land and Natural Development (LAND) Code: Guidelines for Sustainable Land Development. Benoit says the goal is to provide a method of sustainable development that’s practical and not so radical that it will alienate developers. The LAND Code rating system awards positive and negative points based on how busi- The Emerging nesses address various development challenges. The builder of a mall, for instance, would earn points for clustering buildings, minimizing impervious surfaces and installing a rain Alliance garden to filter water on-site, but would lose points for developing near a wetland or some other sensitive ecosystem. of Religion “Existing codes cover bits and pieces of what we’re calling for,” Benoit says. “What we’re trying to do is codify comprehensive guidelines for developing land in a sustainable way. and Ecology We’re moving in that direction. Even 10 years ago, something like a rain garden or a mall with a constructed wetland was considered radical. Now, they’re common.” By Mary Evelyn Tucker and John Grim Stephen Kellert, Tweedy Ordway Professor of Social Ecology, has long argued that we need a fundamental re-evaluation of how we design and construct our buildings, towns and cities. For many years, environmental Kellert insists that we must go beyond simple green building. However wonderful high- issues were considered to be the efficiency water and heating systems and recycled materials may be, they’re not enough. “What concern of scientists, lawyers and we need is restorative design, design that mimics the natural cycles of light and air and the views policy makers. Now the ethical and experience of nature that have been lost in most modern buildings and cities,” he says. dimensions of the environmental Last year, a new joint master’s degree program in environmental management and archi- crisis are becoming more evident. tecture was launched at Yale. Students are now in the second year of a four-year program What is our moral responsibility to that emphasizes restorative design. The two host schools, the School of Architecture and future generations? Can religious F&ES, are also establishing a joint tenure-track position in sustainable design and develop- ment, to educate a new generation of interdisciplinary thinkers. F&ES has pioneered the and cultural perspectives be con- development of joint master’s degree programs with six other schools at Yale, including the sidered in creating viable solutions Law School, the Divinity School and the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health. to environmental challenges? A growing cadre of scholars, architects and designers has joined Kellert in concluding Until recently, many religious that restoring nature to humanity’s home is not only good for nature, it’s good for people communities have been so absorbed (see environment: Yale, “Nature in Humanity’s Habitat,” Fall 2006). Various studies on what’s in internal sectarian affairs that they formally called biophilia, or “love of nature,” have shown that patients heal faster, students were unaware of the magnitude of learn better and workers are more productive when they have access to natural light, outside the environmental crisis. Certainly air and views of the environment. the natural world figures prominently Hoping to further build this case, Kellert’s team is now collecting data about the current in the major religions: God’s creation health, well-being and productivity of Bank of America employees, who soon will move into of material reality in Judaism, Manhattan’s One Bryant Park, which aspires to be the first office tower to achieve LEED Christianity and Islam; the manifes- Platinum, the highest rating awarded by the U.S. Green Buidling Council. In addition to tation of the divine in the karmic incorporating sustainable design, the new skyscraper also incorporates biophilic elements, processes underlying the recycling of such as natural light, fresh air circulation and views of roof gardens and parks. Kellert’s team matter in Hinduism and Jainism; the will collect data before and after the move, as well as monitor a control group of Bank of interdependence of life in Buddhism; America employees who work in more conventional settings. and the Tao (the Way) that courses Ellen Brennan-Galvin, a lecturer and senior research scholar, spent 25 years at the United Nations Population Division, working on urban transit and environmental issues in more through nature in Confucianism and than 20 cities in the developing world. She now teaches two courses – one on urban sustain- Taoism. Despite those emphases on ability and another on transportation and urban land use planning in the developing world – creation, many religions turned their to a mixture of students from F&ES and the School of Architecture in the joint degree program. focus from the turbulent world in a Each semester, she takes some 20 students to places like Beijing, Bogota, Curitiba, Delhi, redemptive flight to a serene, tran- Dubai, Johannesburg, Mexico City, Sao Paolo and Shanghai to study various local transportation scendent afterlife. methods. “There are incredibly interesting innovations and possibilities in urban planning Questions arise, then: If religions and transportation evident in the developing world,” she said. “The challenge is how we are willing to stand by and witness scale up and apply these innovations on a much broader basis.” the withering of the Earth, has not In the end, the future is ours to build, and putting sustainability front and center in that something of their religious sensibil- future requires the careful integration of environmental values into all its aspects. That’s the ities become deadened or, at best, work of sustainable design, and our goal here at F&ES is to place the school at the forefront severely reduced? Why have religions of this work. As you can see, we have made a strong beginning. „

56 environment:YALE The School of Forestry & Environmental Studies commentary

been so late in responding to envi- School of Forestry & Environmental for encouraging protection of biore- ronmental issues, and what are the Studies, for example, under the lead- gions and species. Religions are obstacles to their full participation? ership of Dean Speth, has initiated an beginning to restore the Earth Why has apocalyptic thinking come interdisciplinary project on climate through such practices as tree to interpret ecological collapse as a change and a joint degree program planting, coral-reef preservation, manifestation of the end time? with Yale Divinity School that include energy conservation, responsible We cannot deny the limits or the the role of religion and values. Many consumption and river cleanup. In intolerant dimensions of religions environmental-studies programs in addition, religions are bridging the as expressed in sectarianism and the United States are seeking to gap between those concerned with violence. Examples are evident incorporate such a broad ethical social and economic justice and throughout history, as well as in approach into their curricula. those working for a sustainable contemporary global conflicts. The effort to identify religiously environment. This is a new moment However, religions have also con- diverse attitudes toward nature was for the world’s religions, and they tributed to liberating movements for the focus of a major international have a vital role to play in the social justice and human rights. In conference series on world religions development of a more comprehen- that spirit, it is important to note and ecology held at Harvard in the sive environmental ethics. The that religions have changed over late 1990s. It resulted in a 10-volume urgency of this process cannot be time, transforming themselves and series of books distributed by Harvard underestimated. Indeed, the flour- their dogma in response to new University Press. The American ishing of the Earth community may ideas and circumstances. Although Academy of Religion has a vibrant depend on it. Christianity had no ban against section focusing on scholarship and slavery, Christian churches in teaching in religion and ecology. A Britain and the United States came scholarly journal, Worldviews: to embrace the abolitionist position. Environment, Culture, Religion, is Given that history, we have reason to celebrating its 10th year of publica- believe that as the moral dimension tion. Clearly this field of study will of the environmental crisis becomes continue to expand as the environ- ever more apparent, religions will mental crisis grows in complexity energize and support a new genera- and requires increasingly creative tion of leaders in the environmental interdisciplinary responses. movement. The religions are starting to find Religions have developed ethics their voices by exploring culturally for homicide, suicide and genocide; diverse environmental ethics. The now they are challenged to respond monotheistic traditions of Judaism, to biocide and ecocide. Moreover, Christianity and Islam are formulat-

the environment presents itself as ing original eco-theologies and Shapiro Harold one of the most compelling concerns eco-justice practices regarding John Grim and Mary Evelyn Tucker for robust interreligious dialogue. stewardship and care for creation. The common ground for dialogue is Hinduism and Jainism in South Mary Evelyn Tucker and John Grim, the Earth itself, along with a shared Asia, and Buddhism in both Asia co-founders and co-directors of the Forum sense among the world’s religions of and the West, have undertaken on Religion and Ecology, teach religion the interdependence of all life. projects of ecological restoration. and ecology at Yale University. They are A new scholarly field of religion Indigenous peoples bring to the dis- editors of the Harvard book series and ecology is emerging, with cussion alternative ways of knowing Religions of the World and Ecology. implications for environmental policy, and engaging the natural world. More information on the Forum on as well as for understanding the All of those religious traditions Religion and Ecology is available online complexity and variety of human are moving forward to find the lan- (www.religionandecology.org). attitudes toward nature. The Yale guage, symbols, rituals and ethics

Fall 2007 57 You can now listen Just go to iTunes and type in “Environment Yale” or to to the faculty of the the school’s website (http://environment.yale.edu) and click on the podcast icon, and listen to F&ES professors Yale School of Forestry discuss the most pressing environmental issues of the & Environmental day. At iTunes, you can subscribe to the series and Studies discuss their have the next episode automatically downloaded for research on your free when it is released. desktop computer or The episodes in the F&ES series feature, to date, Dean Gus Speth, “The Heart of the Matter”; David mp3 player. Skelly, “It’s Not Easy Being a Frog”; Stephen Kellert, “Biophilic Design: Opening the Door to Nature”; Dan Esty, “Green to Gold”; Oswald Schmitz, “Global Warming and Species Distribution”; Marian Chertow, “Industrial Ecology: Why Waste Waste?”; and Robert Mendelsohn, “Poor Countries to Pay the Price for Global Warming.”

Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 205 Prospect Street New Haven, CT 06511 USA tel: 203-432-5100 fax: 203-432-5942