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Projects by Bureau SLA, Moss, Rose, Safdie, and Scogin & Elam 171 What’s Your Type? 60 Studio Visit With Paolo Soleri 110 Terra-Cotta 101 74 THE AIA MAGAZINE THE MAGAZINE OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architecture in an Age of Transformation a ARCHITECTURE IN AN AGE OF TRANSFORMATION January 2011 January 2011 www.architectmagazine.com 8 JANUARY 2011 CONTENT 188 206 182 172 198 DESIGN 172 Mack Scogin Merrill 198 Peter Rose + Partners Elam Architects Housing Tower at the Kripalu Center for Gates Center for Computer Science and Yoga & Health Hillman Center for Future-Generation Stockbridge, Mass. Technologies JOSEPH GIOVANINNI Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh EDWARD KEEGAN 206 Eric Owen Moss Architects WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM 182 Bureau SLA Samitaur Tower National Glass Museum Culver City, Calif. Leerdam, the Netherlands LYDIA LEE KIERAN LONG 188 Safdie Architects Marina Bay Sands Singapore SARA HART ARCHITECTS; OWEN MOSS ERIC LEFT: COURTESY TOP HURSLEY; TIMOTHY LEFT: FAR SNYDER RIGHT: MATTHEW BOTTOM FAR RIGHT: NIC LEHOUX; BOTTOM RIGHT: JEROEN MUSCH; TOP →DESIGN MACK SCOGIN MERRILL ELAM ARCHITECTS 172 BUREAU SLA 182 SAFDIE ARCHITECTS 188 PETER ROSE + PARTNERS 198 ERIC OWEN MOSS ARCHITECTS 206 DESIGN 173 ARCHITECT JANUARY 2011 JANUARY CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY GATES AND HILLMAN CENTERS PITTSBURGH, PA. MACK SCOGIN MERRILL ELAM ARCHITECTS TEXT BY EDWARD KEEGAN, AIA PHOTOS BY TIMOTHY HURSLEY WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM Faced with a hilly site in the center of campus, and a program that required more than 200,000 square feet of classroom, offi ce, laboratory, and study spaces, Mack Scogin Merrill Elam Architects raised the bulk of the new Gates Center for Computer Science and Hillman Center for Future-Generation Technologies above its hillside site, creating a cantilevered complex that seems to hang in midair. DESIGN→ SCOGIN ELAM Reaching seven stories tall at the EARLY 20TH-CENTURY Pittsburgh architect Henry who was integrally involved in the process at the fi rm top of the hill, the Gates Center Hornbostel has found kindred spirits in Atlanta-based and with the client, was easy. “We bonded instantly— (above, right) and Hillman Center Mack Scogin and Merrill Elam. Their design for the Mack is an academic,” Bryant says. “Mack taught people (above, left) are connected by new Gates Center for Computer Science and Hillman to see and understand,” adds Ralph R. Horgan, associate a multistory glass-enclosed bridge. The two centers share a Center for Future-Generation Technologies, on the vice provost for campus design and facility development. vocabulary of black, diamond- campus of Carnegie Mellon University, is a 21st-century The architects were presented with a site and shaped zinc tiles with varied reinterpretation of the architectural principles that program of considerable complexity. Hornbostel’s master silver-toned window surrounds Hornbostel relied on when he drafted the campus master plan—only partially realized—uses two intersecting combined with a more traditional curtainwall. plan and designed its earliest structures starting in 1904. green spaces (called the Mall and the Cut) to defi ne the Before selecting Mack Scogin Merrill Elam Architects campus. The Gates and Hillman Centers (two volumes in for the project, the Carnegie Mellon building committee one building connected by a multistory glass-enclosed WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM toured recently completed computer science buildings bridge) are located in a valley behind the buildings that across the continent. “All the successful ones have front the greens; its grade level is almost 80 feet lower. had one faculty member take on the project,” School Placing the 208,000-square-foot structure, designed of Computer Science dean Randal E. Bryant says, so to be LEED-Gold compliant, on the hilly site was even professor Guy E. Blelloch was selected to serve as liaison more diffi cult due to its subgrade conditions. Sewers, to the architects. “I just wanted a Japanese car,” Bryant data cabling, and rock confi ned the buildable area to a recalls—“something nice, economical, that functioned comparatively small footprint. well, and had cupholders in the right places.” “It was Mack and Merrill’s inspiration to lift the IMAGE ON PAGE 171:© NIC LEHOUX The selection of Scogin, who led the design, and Elam, building up from the valley,” Bryant says, creating a The sixth and seventh fl oors of the Gates Center (above right) are glass-enclosed and off set from the other fl oor plates. This glass volume is fi lled mainly with open project space and a collaborative commons, as well as conference rooms and select faculty offi ces. The glazing continues on the façades lining the courtyard spaces between the two buildings, creating a visual connection between them. 10-level concrete frame structure with a fl oor plate that Window Surround Axonometric is larger on its upper fl oors. The lowest two levels are Light gauge metal below grade and provide parking. The next fi ve levels are framing and interior gypsum board public and link the upper campus to the lower campus. In the Gates Center, a central atrium houses a 650-foot-long Exterior cement board Framing for Airbarrier spiral walkway called Helix 1; undergraduate classrooms, air cavity a café, the dean’s suite, offi ces, and an auditorium are grouped either around—or in—the ramp. This inclined plane’s gentle 1 in 20 slope off ers a leisurely connection between entrances on multiple levels of the building. The Folded natural zinc panel top two fl oors are mainly devoted to faculty offi ces. Beyond the public areas, the core programmed spaces are the faculty offi ces—nearly 120 individual rooms that the client insisted all have natural light and a view to the outside. “We didn’t think they could do it,” Blelloch says. Exterior cement “It’s like giving students a problem that you know can’t board sheathing be solved.” Coupling the site’s inability to accommodate Window much grade-level building and the client’s desire for 3" rigid outward-facing exterior offi ces gave Scogin and Elam the insulation opportunity to create the building’s distinctive forms. The Black zinc shingles Zinc slip sheet The varied fl oor plans upper levels of the Gates Center are larger than the lower diff erently—their consistent size is masked by diff erent (opposite)—hardly one of the ones, placing more square footage where offi ces can take surrounds made of silver zinc, which contrasts with nine matches that directly above advantage of better views. The fact that the building the black walls. “It’s an opportunity to individualize or below it—create room for courtyards, terraces, and even mass is divided into two primary volumes—with the and de-institutionalize them,” Scogin says. “I think it’s a small green roof. This terrace Hillman Center to the north and the Gates Center to the something Hornbostel would have relished.” (above) between the Gates and south—allowed the architects to incorporate as many Blelloch lived with the project from programming Hillman Centers provides not only nips, tucks, and angles as possible to provide subtly to architect selection to building completion—and the an outdoor study space, but also diff erent orientations for the individual faculty offi ces, process of creating the Gates Center for Computer Science WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM a view for the classrooms, offi ces, and lounge spaces that line it. and to allow for terraces and other outdoor space. and Hillman Center for Future-Generation Technologies The exterior of the building is always the last thing helps him link contemporary computer science to Scogin and Elam address—and where they usually get architecture. the most creative. “We’ve never had budgets for elegant, “There’s a commonality to how you design an fi ne materials,” Scogin says. They chose a zinc rainscreen algorithm,” Blelloch says. “Computer science is logical, but for the Gates and Hillman Centers’ cladding—and the there’s an aesthetic as well—it has to function, but it also durable black shingles in a diamond pattern stand has to look right and be elegant.” The Gates and Hillman out among the yellow brick buildings of Hornbostel Centers are all of these things—and a fi tting continuation and his successors. The 310 windows are all treated of Henry Hornbostel’s architectural legacy. SCOGIN ELAM ←DESIGN 177 First-Floor Plan Second-Floor Plan Third-Floor Plan ARCHITECT JANUARY 2011 JANUARY Fourth-Floor Plan Fifth-Floor Plan Sixth-Floor Plan Seventh-Floor Plan Eighth-Floor Plan Ninth-Floor Plan WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM N 0 100 200 178 ARCHITECT JANUARY 2011 JANUARY Scogin and Elam placed a premium on natural light and view lines that connect the diff erent fl oors and programs. Stairwell atria promote interaction between the building users. This one in the Hillman Center (top) connects faculty offi ces, informal lounge spaces, and a student café. Other, necessarily enclosed, spaces such as almost 120 faculty offi ces, classrooms, and laboratory high bays (right) are connected to the rest of the building and campus through WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM extensive use of glazing. TOP LEFT: © NIC LEHOUX SCOGIN ELAM ←DESIGN In the Gates Center, a central 650-foot-long spiral ramp called the Helix 1 visually connects four stories even as it wraps around glass-enclosed classrooms and meeting spaces. 180 DESIGN→ SCOGIN ELAM ARCHITECT Project Credits Project Gates Center for Computer Science and Hillman Center for Future- Generation Technologies, Pittsburgh, Pa. JANUARY 2011 JANUARY Client Carnegie Mellon University Design Architect and Architect of Record Mack Scogin Merrill Elam Architects, Atlanta—Mack Scogin, AIA, Merrill Elam, AIA (principals); Lloyd Bray (senior project architect); Kimberly Shoemake-Medlock (senior project architect and manager); Alan Locke, Jared Serwer, Jason Hoeft, Clark Tate, Trey Lindsey, Jeff Collins (core project team); Ben Arenberg, Britney Bagby, Cayce Bean, Brian Bell, Misty Boykin, Daniel Cashen, Jacob Coburn, Amanda Crawley, Margaret Fletcher, Francesco Giacobello, Helen Han, Carrie Hunsicker, Patrick Jones, Janna Kauss, Jeff Kemp, Matthew Leach, Gary McGaha, Ted Paxton, Bo Roberts, Dennis Sintic, Barnum Tiller, John Trefry, Anja Turowski, B.