The Ieee North Jersey Section Newsletter
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Early Forms of Long-Distance Communication
EARLY FORMS OF LONG-DISTANCE COMMUNICATION In this material, you will learn about Telegraphy, Telephone and GSM architecture Before the development of the electric telegraph in the 19th century revolutionized how information was transmitted across long distances, ancient civilizations such as those in China, Egypt and Greece used drumbeats or smoke signals to exchange information between far-flung points. However, such methods were limited by the weather and the need for an uninterrupted line of sight between receptor points. These limitations also lessened the effectiveness of the semaphore, a modern precursor to the electric telegraph. Developed in the early 1790s, the semaphore consisted of a series of hilltop stations that each had large movable arms to signal letters and numbers and two telescopes with which to see the other stations. Like ancient smoke signals, the semaphore was susceptible to weather and other factors that hindered visibility. A different method of transmitting information was needed to make regular and reliable long-distance communication workable. Did You Know? SOS, the internationally recognized distress signal, does not stand for any particular words. Instead, the letters were chosen because they are easy to transmit in Morse code: "S" is three dots, and "O" is three dashes. The Electric Telegraph In the early 19th century, two developments in the field of electricity opened the door to the production of the electric telegraph. First, in 1800, the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta (1745-1827) invented the battery, which reliably stored an electric current and allowed the current to be used in a controlled environment. Second, in 1820, the Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted (1777-1851) demonstrated the connection between electricity and magnetism by deflecting a magnetic needle with an electric current. -
Use of GIS in Radio Frequency Planning and Positioning Applications
Use of GIS in Radio Frequency Planning and Positioning Applications Victoria R. Jewell Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering R. Michael Buehrer, Chair Peter M. Sforza Jeffrey H. Reed July 3, 2014 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: GIS, RF Modeling, Positioning Copyright 2014, Victoria R. Jewell Use of GIS in Radio Frequency Planning and Positioning Applications Victoria R. Jewell (ABSTRACT) GIS are geoprocessing programs that are commonly used to store and perform calculations on terrain data, maps, and other geospatial data. GIS offer the latest terrain and building data as well as tools to process this data. This thesis considers three applications of GIS data and software: a Large Scale Radio Frequency (RF) Model, a Medium Scale RF Model, and Indoor Positioning. The Large Scale RF Model estimates RF propagation using the latest terrain data supplied in GIS for frequencies ranging from 500 MHz to 5 GHz. The Medium Scale RF Model incorporates GIS building data to model WiFi systems at 2.4 GHz for a range of up to 300m. Both Models can be used by city planners and government officials, who commonly use GIS for other geospatial and geostatistical information, to plan wireless broadband systems using GIS. An Indoor Positioning Experiment is also conducted to see if apriori knowledge of a building size, location, shape, and number of floors can aid in the RF geolocation of a target indoors. The experiment shows that correction of a target to within a building's boundaries reduces the location error of the target, and the vertical error is reduced by nearly half. -
The Wireless Revolution Rapid Multinational Progress Will Soon Make Global Wireless Communication a Ubiquitous Reality
The Wireless Revolution Rapid multinational progress will soon make global wireless communication a ubiquitous reality. Theodore 5. Rappaport ver the past three years, the inter- formance, more flexibility, user options, etc.) est in wireless communications has than a present-day cellular telephone. been nothing less than spectacular. Cellular radio systems around the world have been enjoying 33 percent Current Demand to 50percentgrowth rates. Manypag- The premise that wireless personal communi- ing services have been gaining customers at a rate cations is emerging as a key, wide-sweeping tech- of 30 percent to 70 percent or more per year, and nology that will dramatically impact our society is within the last two years there has been intense supported in numerous sources, including world- corporate research and development aimed at com- wide trade journals and government agency mercializing new wireless communication services reports. As an example, in the United States called PCS (personal communications services). there were more than 6.3 million cellular tele- Meanwhile, new digital cellular technologies have phone users as of September 1991 [18]. This com- been installed in Europe, and developing nations are pares with 25,000 users in 1984, and 2.5 million beginning to install cellular infrastructure. U.S. users in late 1989 [l]. It is clear to most The first wide-scale adoption of a wireless per- industry experts that the Cellular Telephone sonal communications system was in citizens Industry Association's (CTIA) 1989 projections band (CB) radio during thelate 1960s and early 1970s. of 10 million United States cellular users by 1995 will Although it was a victim of its own success due to be exceeded in late 1992, and cellular radio carri- a rapid and uncontrolled saturation of the radio spec- ers are enjoying exponential increases in service sub- trum, and suffered severely from lack of traffic man- scriptions. -
A Concise History of Fort Monmouth, New Jersey and the U.S
A CONCISE HISTORY OF FORT MONMOUTH, NEW JERSEY AND THE U.S. ARMY CECOM LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT COMMAND Prepared by the Staff of the CECOM LCMC Historical Office U.S. Army CECOM Life Cycle Management Command Fort Monmouth, New Jersey Fall 2009 Design and Layout by CTSC Visual Information Services, Myer Center Fort Monmouth, New Jersey Visit our Website: www.monmouth.army.mil/historian/ When asked to explain a loyalty that time had not been able to dim, one of the Camp Vail veterans said shyly, "The place sort of gets into your blood, especially when you have seen it grow from nothing into all this. It keeps growing and growing, and you want to be part of its growing pains." Many of the local communities have become very attached to Fort Monmouth because of the friendship instilled...not for just a war period but for as long as...Fort Monmouth...will inhabit Monmouth County. - From “A Brief History of the Beginnings of the Fort Monmouth Radio Laboratories,” Rebecca Klang, 1942 FOREWORD The name “Monmouth” has been synonymous with the defense of freedom since our country’s inception. Scientists, engineers, program managers, and logisticians here have delivered technological breakthroughs and advancements to our Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines, and Coast Guardsmen for almost a century. These innovations have included the development of FM radio and radar, bouncing signals off the moon to prove the feasibility of extraterrestrial radio communication, the use of homing pigeons through the late-1950s, frequency hopping tactical radios, and today’s networking capabilities supporting our troops in Overseas Contingency Operations. -
History in the Computing Curriculum 6000 BC to 1899 AD
History in the Computing Curriculum Appendix A1 6000 BC to 1899 AD 6000 B.C. [ca]: Ishango bone type of tally stick in use. (w) 4000-1200 B.C.: Inhabitants of the first known civilization in Sumer keep records of commercial transactions on clay tablets. (e) 3000 B.C.: The abacus is invented in Babylonia. (e) 1800 B.C.: Well-developed additive number system in use in Egypt. (w) 1300 B.C.: Direct evidence exists as to the Chinese using a positional number system. (w) 600 B.C. [ca.]: Major developments start to take place in Chinese arithmetic. (w) 250-230 B.C.: The Sieve of Eratosthenes is used to determine prime numbers. (e) 213 B.C.: Chi-Hwang-ti orders all books in China to be burned and scholars to be put to death. (w) 79 A.D. [ca.]: "Antikythera Device," when set correctly according to latitude and day of the week, gives alternating 29- and 30-day lunar months. (e) 800 [ca.]: Chinese start to use a zero, probably introduced from India. (w) 850 [ca.]: Al-Khowarizmi publishes his "Arithmetic." (w) 1000 [ca.]: Gerbert describes an abacus using apices. (w) 1120: Adelard of Bath publishes "Dixit Algorismi," his translation of Al-Khowarizmi's "Arithmetic." (w) 1200: First minted jetons appear in Italy. (w) 1202: Fibonacci publishes his "Liber Abaci." (w) 1220: Alexander De Villa Dei publishes "Carmen de Algorismo." (w) 1250: Sacrobosco publishes his "Algorismus Vulgaris." (w) 1300 [ca.]: Modern wire-and-bead abacus replaces the older Chinese calculating rods. (e,w) 1392: Geoffrey Chaucer publishes the first English-language description on the uses of an astrolabe. -
VOLUME II Public School Code of 1949 Goods and Services
Public School Code of 1949 Goods and Services Expenditures Fiscal Year 2015-2016 VOLUME II Temple University Financial Disclosure Report Purchase of Goods and Services Contracts Notes and Definitions The following report provides the required disclosures for reporting the purchase of goods and services contracts. The University’s Banner Finance System does not include data enabling the distinction between the purchases of goods and services. Therefore, a single report is provided that includes both. Expenditures are categorized in the attached report using the following categories: General Supplies & Services: o General supplies, expendable equipment and software. Health Service Programs: o Animal lab, professional billing and other outside professional services. Insurance: o Malpractice, property, general liability, and employees insurances. Interest & Taxes: o Bond interest, real estate tax and debt service costs. Library: o Books, electronic periodicals, subscriptions and film. Professional Fees & Contracts: o Auditing, legal and collection fees and subcontracts. Property, Plant & Equipment: o Capital equipment, buildings and building improvements. Rent: o Equipment, building and office rentals. Repairs & Maintenance: o Equipment repair, maintenance of buildings and grounds. Telecommunications: o Telephone equipment, data communications and cellular services. Travel: o Travel agency fees, foreign and domestic travel expenses. Utilities: o Electric, gas, water, sewer, steam, chilled water and other miscellaneous utilities expenses. Each entry provides the category into which the purchase falls, the vendor name and address and the amount of the purchase. There is no more than one entry per vendor for a single category within a responsibility center. Purchases of goods and services in the Disclosure Report include those which equal or exceed $1,000 for each vendor from all Budgeted Operating Funds including Temple University Physicians. -
“6G and Beyond” Explored in IEEE Access Journal PAGE 3
FALL 2019 • VOL. 6, NO. 2 • NYUWIRELESS.COM Featured Articles: PAGE 1: “6G and Beyond” Explored in IEEE Access Journal PAGE 3: Ted Rappaport Inducted into Wireless Hall of Fame PAGE 6: Work of Elza Erkip & Tom Marzetta Honored Pulse PAGE 12: Faculty News NYU Wireless Pulse Fall 2019_g.indd 3 9/13/19 5:32 AM NYU WIRELESS is a vibrant academic research center pushing the boundaries of wireless communications, Pulse sensing, networking, and devices. FALL 2019 • VOL. 6, NO. 2 Centered at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering and involving leaders from NYUWIRELESS.COM industry, faculty, and students throughout the entire NYU community, NYU TABLE OF CONTENTS WIRELESS offers its Industrial Affiliate members, students, and faculty members a world-class research environment that is creating fundamental knowledge, PAGE 1 theories, and techniques for future mass-deployable wireless devices in a wide “6G and Beyond” Explored in IEEE Access Journal range of applications and markets. PAGE 2 Every January, NYU WIRELESS hosts an annual Open House for all of its It’s for You! students and Industrial Affiliate Members and hosts a major invitation-only FCC Chairman Ajit Pai Visits Paley Center wireless summit every April, in cooperation with Nokia Bell Laboratories, for PAGE 3 Ted Rappaport Inducted into the center’s Industrial Affiliates and thought leaders throughout the global Wireless Hall of Fame telecommunications industry. ComSenTer’s First Doctoral Graduate NYU WIRELESS, [email protected] PAGE 5 A New Home for NYU WIRELESS Leadership: Founding Director Ted Rappaport and Associate Directors Sundeep PAGE 6 Rangan, Thomas L. Marzetta, John-Ross Rizzo, and Dennis Shasha manage NYU IEEE Honors Work by NYU WIRELESS Researchers WIRELESS across Brooklyn and Manhattan campuses of NYU. -
Edit Note 6/22/15 12:10 PM Page 2
WCM_EDIT_NOTE-June_Edit Note 6/22/15 12:10 PM Page 2 MESSAGE FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF PASSING THE BATON ear readers, I have been serving as tinue seamlessly. Dr. Gharavi is a long- the Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Wireless time IEEE volunteer, and I am fully confi- Communications for almost three and dent that he has all the experience needed Da half years, and it is time for me to to bring this magazine to a new high level step down to take a break after days and under his strong leadership. nights of working hard for this magazine. Before leaving my term as the EiC, it is My term as the Editor-in-Chief will offi- my privilege to summarize what I have cially end at the end of June 2015, and done in my three and a half years as the then the baton will be passed to Dr. EiC of IEEE Wireless Communications. I Hamid Gharavi, National Institute of Stan- still remember when I first stepped into dards and Technology (NIST), United the role of Editor-in-Chief, there was a States, who will be the next Editor-in- long backlog queue of accepted papers Chief of IEEE Wireless Communications. waiting for publication. Every day I Therefore, I have invited Dr. Hamid Ghar- received many inquiries from authors ask- avi to write a message in this Editor’s HSIAO-HWA CHEN ing when their accepted papers would be Note to mark this handover. In fact, Dr. published. Without doubt, a long submis- Gharavi has been serving as Associate sion-to-publication cycle was detrimental Editor-in-Chief for this magazine since June 2014. -
Notes for EECS 120, Sp 2002
Notes for EECS 120, Sp 2002 Pravin Varaiya January 27, 2002 Chapter 1 Communication system Transmitter Receiver m x x y m power T R ym y modulator channel amplifier demodulator amplifier received source carrier modulated transmitted received baseband baseband signal, signal signal signal signal signal 2πω t e c channel ω |M(ω)| |XT( )| ω ω −ω ω c c Figure 1.1: Basic components of a communication system. Figure 1.1 indicates the basic components of a communication system. The source signal m ∈ ContSignals is a baseband signal. The modulator transforms this signal into the signal xm ∈ ContSignals whose frequency spectrum is centered around the carrier frequency ωc rad/sec. The power amplifier boosts the amplitude of xm to a level sufficient for transmission. The transmitted signal xT propagates through the channel. The output of the channel is the received signal yR. The receiver amplifies this signal to ym. The demodulator processes it and the final received signal is y. A well-designed communication system should have y ≈ m. The FCC assigns a particular part of the electromagnetic spectrum—called a channel—to each station. The modulator transforms the baseband signal x into the signal xm whose spectrum Xm fits inside the station’s channel, as shown in the lower part of the figure. For example, the AM station KCBS is assigned the 10 kHz-wide channel, 740 ± 5 kHz, while the FM station KQED is assigned the 200 kHz-wide channel 88.5 ± 0.1 MHz. KRON TV is assigned the 6 MHz-wide channel, 66-72 MHz, called channel # 4. -
Public Notice
PUBLIC NOTICE Federal Communications Commission News Media Information 202 / 418-0500 445 12th St., S.W. Internet: http://www.fcc.gov Washington, D.C. 20554 TTY: 1-888-835-5322 DA 13-151 Released: February 5, 2013 FCC ANNOUNCES WORKSHOP ON NETWORK RESILIENCY TO BE HELD FEBRUARY 6, 2013, AT BROOKLYN LAW SCHOOL On February 6, 2013, Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission) staff will convene a workshop on network resiliency at Brooklyn Law School at the Forchelli Center, located in Feil Hall, 205 State Street, Brooklyn, NY 11021. The workshop will feature presentations from engineering faculty, industry researchers and network engineers addressing topics relevant to the Commission’s ongoing examination of network resiliency in the wake of Superstorm Sandy and other major storms. The workshop will consist of three panels: The first panel will address questions related to the overall infrastructure, the impact of climate change on the frequency and severity of future storms, and on how to measure the effect of natural and man-made disasters on the communications infrastructure in real time. The second panel will address how to improve the resiliency of the wired access networks and the Internet backbone. The third panel will focus on wireless networks, first responders and social networks. A tentative agenda for the workshop (subject to change) is provided below. 10:00 AM – 10:30 AM: Opening Remarks 10:30 AM – 12:00 PM: Panel #1: Infrastructure and Measurements Presentations • John Heidemann (University of Southern California) Third-Party Measurement of Network Outages in Hurricane Sandy • Alexis Kwasinski (The University of Texas at Austin) Lessons from Field Damage Assessments about Communication Networks Power Supply and Infrastructure Performance during Natural Disasters with a focus on Hurricane Sandy • Emile Aben (RIPE Network Coordination Centre, The Netherlands); Alistair King (Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA), University of California, San Diego (UCSD)); Karyn Benson (CAIDA/UCSD); Young S. -
Telephone Two Inventors, Elisha Grey and Alexander Graham Bell, Independently Designed Devices to Transmit Electrically Speech (The Telephone)
In 1825 William Sturgeon had exhibited the electro-magnet. In 1830 Joseph Henry showed how Sturgeon's device helped with long-distance communication to strike a bell. This was the beginning of the electric telegraph proper and it was exploited very successfully by Samuel F B Morse, who with Alfred Vail developed in 1838 a simple tap key through a series of dots and dashes now known as the Morse Code. Telegraph quickly spread across Europe and the USAand many improvements were developed over the century. http://en.wikipedia.org/wikilElectrical telegraph http://www.telegraph-office.com/ http://mysite.du.edu/'''jcalvert/tel/morse/morse.htm#C http://mysite.du.edu/'''jcalvert/tel/morse/morse.htm http://www.sparkmuseum.com/TELEGRAPH.HTM S'II""''lJAnD \\'1[U~Lm;~ I,"~. http://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/morsetelegraph.html Telephone Two inventors, Elisha Grey and Alexander Graham Bell, independently designed devices to transmit electrically speech (the telephone). Bell won the race to patent the device. Competition is fierce as the following shows: • 11 February 1876 - Gray invents a liquid transmitter for use with a telephone but does not build one. • 14 February 1876 - Elisha Gray files a patent caveat for transmitting the human voice through a telegraphic circuit. • 14 February 1876 - Alexander 'Bell applies for the patent "Improvements in Telegraphy", for electromagnetic telephones using undulating currents. • 19 February 1876 - Gray is notified by the U.S. Patent Office of an interference between his caveat and Bell's patent application. Gray decides to abandon his caveat. • 7 March 1876 - Bellis U.S. patent 174,465 "Improvement in Telegraphy" is granted, covering "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically .. -
A Little More About and Around the Morse Code
1 A LITTLE MORE ABOUT AND AROUND THE MORSE CODE Featuring Samuel Finley Breese MORSE (left), Alfred VAIL (middle) and… Friedrich Clemens GERKE (right) 1. Shall we say the Morse code, or should we call it the Vail code? And where does Gerke comes in? (see point 2). A controversy exists over the role of each in the invention of the code. Vail and Morse certainly collaborated in the invention of the Morse telegraph and almost certainly in the final form of the code. But it is clear that the basic ideas came from Morse, years before Vail became, in 1837, his assistant. So, perhaps we should say that Morse was the inspirer, and Vail the man who brought out their final version. Here are some observations in this regard. > During his voyage home to New York in 1832 on the Sully, Samuel Morse first conceived the idea of the electromagnetic telegraph during his conversations with another passenger, Dr Charles T. Jackson of Boston, a twenty-eight-year-old physician with a Harvard M.D. Below you see the reproduction of some drawings in Morse’s notebook, in which he has noted down during this voyage some of his first ideas about a telegraph machine. He originally devised a cipher code (digits 0…9), similar to that used in existing semaphore line telegraphs, by which words were assigned three- or four-digit numbers and entered into a codebook. The sending operator converted words to these number groups and the receiving operator converted them back to words using this codebook. Morse spent several months compiling this code dictionary.