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Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts on Agricultural Related Activities of Flood Disaster in and Around Panchganga River Basin

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Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts on Agricultural Related Activities of Flood Disaster in and Around Panchganga River Basin Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts on agricultural related activities of Flood Disaster in and around Panchganga river basin. Mr. Harshavardhan U Kamble1, Mr. Aditya Arvind Yadav2, Miss. Ketki Suryakant Deshmane3,Mr. Akshay Sanjay Kamble4 1Student, M. Tech(Environmental Science and Technology), Department of Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India 2Student,M. Tech(Energy Technology),Department of Technology Shivaji University, Kolhapur,Maharashtra,India 3Student, M.Tech(Energy Technology), School of Energy Studies, SPPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India 4Student,M. Tech(Energy Technology),Department of Technology Shivaji University, Kolhapur,Maharashtra,India Abstract-The Panchganga river basin is certainly affected by natural disaster and exaggerated by this event since year 2005. Natural disaster undoubtedly impact upon the individual’s livelihood in river basin areas and extent of result is sustained for a prolonged term. In this study survey method was implemented and data was collected through interview schedule by using simple random sampling for affected peoples in and around Panchganga river basin. The data was collected from household heads from all the flood affected talukas of Kolhapur district. This research intent to evaluate the various environmental and social impacts of flood on agriculture, animals, health of people in Panchaganga river basin flood affected areas. Keywords: Disaster,socio-economic, agriculture, animal’s health, environmental. I. INTRODUCTION Disasters occur when hard meet vulnerable situations. Disaster is part of the cycle of nature. Some natural and man-made factors are responsible for this. The effects of natural and man-made disasters on human life are as great as this effect on nature, and perhaps even greater. Agriculture is also an important factor. Many people make a living by farming on the fertile land along the riverside. At the same time, they also do small and big businesses like animal husbandry which are complementary to agriculture. Most of the Panchgangariver basin is in the Western Ghats, so the Panchgangariver flows perennially due to the heavy rains that falls on the adjacent ghats. The River basin is rich in agriculture, so agriculture has become the backbone of the region along the Panchganga river. Many small, medium and large-scale industries have dependent here for the production of various seasonal crops. It is seen that the business of billion of rupees is done from the income of a single sugar industry. Problems such as pollution are becoming more serious due to human intervention in the environment. The direct impact is being seen in the emergence of problems DOI:10.21884/IJMTER.2020.7025.CHPXH 46 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 07, Issue 04, [April-2020] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161 like climate change, global warming. Therefore, it is equally important to study the effect of climate as well as agriculture and livestock. II. STUDY REGION Genuinely floods are known to make hurt property and life forgetting about a drawn loathsome impact on the people who get affected by them. The force and enormity of floods ought to grow world over in the continuous decades considering natural change and an unnatural climate change wonder. The impacts of calamitous occasions, both with respect to human and cash related disasters, are appropriated excessively across get-togethers as are adjusting limits. Social factors, for instance, race and ethnicity, prosperity, preparing, establishment, and destitution are fundamental determinants of lack of protection. The South Western Maharashtra is the most flood slanted zones in the state. Reliably Krishna, Warna, Panchganga Rivers and tributes are flooded. Also, because of that disaster make dangers influence on condition and its related parameters. Soexamination of this issue in coherent way is as the current need. The Kolhapur is orchestrated in the region of Maharashtra in India and having the Latitude of 16.7050° N, and Longitude 74.2433° E. III. CLIMATE OF LOCATION The temperature varies between 11°C to 35° C. The summer temperature of Kolhapur is comparatively warmer, but is more humid, compared to neighboring inland cities. Maximum temperature rarely exceeds 40°C and typically ranges between 34° C to 37° C, and lowers during the same season around 22° C to 26° C. The city has a monsoon season from June to September due to proximity to the Western Ghats. The temperatures are low in rainy seasons and ranges between 19° C to 30° C. Kolhapur experiences winter from November to February. Annual meteorological data of Kolhapur City is given below in table. Table 1. Meteorological data for Kolhapur city Month Air Relative Atmosp Wind Earth Heating Cooling temperatur Humidity heric speed temperat degree degree days e pressur ure days (%) e (m/s) (°C-d) (°C) (°C) (°C-d) (kPa) January 24.6 42.1 96.1 2.1 27.3 0 455 February 26.6 36.6 96.0 2.6 30.5 0 464 March 29.1 36.6 95.8 2.7 34.3 0 590 April 29.7 43.1 95.7 3.0 35.7 0 599 @IJMTER-2020, All rights Reserved 47 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 07, Issue 04, [April-2020] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161 May 28.2 57.4 95.5 3.6 33.4 0 574 June 24.9 81.1 95.4 4.0 27.0 0 447 July 23.9 85.5 95.5 4.3 25.1 0 428 August 23.5 85.2 95.4 3.9 24.8 0 419 Septemb 24.0 78.9 95.7 2.8 26.2 0 420 er October 25.6 62.5 95.8 2.4 27.6 0 487 Novemb 25.6 46.3 96.0 2.4 27.5 0 470 er Decembe 24.2 43.8 96.2 2.2 26.1 0 443 r Annual 25.8 58.3 95.8 3.0 28.8 0 5796 measure d at (m) IV. OBJECTIVES The present study has addressed the floods of the year 2019 faced by the Panchganga river basin. The main objective of the present study is to analyse the socio-economic impacts of flood disaster occurred in the year 2019. However, specific objectives are- 1. To assess social impacts of floods occurred during 2019 in the study region. 2. To study impacts of the flood disasters on agriculture, animals affected during floods. 3. Investigate and intricate relationship between post flood socioeconomic vulnerability. 4. Understand impact of flood on food, animal health, water systems and livelihood and on the gender dimension of flood impact. 5. Evaluate socio-economic profile of the study area. V. METHODOLOGY 1. Data collection during the post-flood phase. 2. The effect of floods in the Kolhapur area will analysed and compared with the data collected on major flood prone area. 3. To determine the zone of research and collect all the information necessary for effective evaluation and analysis. 4. Identify the major flood affected zones and analyse the impact of flood on particular area. @IJMTER-2020, All rights Reserved 48 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 07, Issue 04, [April-2020] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161 VI. CONSEQUENCES OF FLOOD DISASTER Flooding is the most common environmental hazard; due to the wide spread geographical distribution of river valleys and coastal areas and attraction of human settlements to these areas. Flooding has occurred in certain parts of country and thus flood is an oldest phenomenon in India. The flooding always occurs in the deltaic part of the river Panchganga. VII. IMPACT OF FLOOD ON ARICULTURE The Panchganga river basin has mostly agriculture related activities in the corresponding tehsils of Kolhapur districts. The majority farmers rely on crops like sugar cane, rice, soyabean, vegetables, flowers, and other crops respectively. The primary analysis involves the impact of flood disaster based on agriculture land i.e. on the basis of Dry crop land and irrigated land. The table 2 represents the impact of flood on dry crop land in Kolhapur District based on number of affected farmers, total affected area, and total funds to be made available in Rs. (Lakhs) Table 2. Impact of flood on dry crop land in Kolhapur district. Sr. no. Name of taluka No. of affected No. of affected Total funds in farmers area (Hectare) Rs. (Lakhs) 1. Karveer 8243 1335.63 12040 2. Kagal 11978 1384.87 101.54 3. Radhanagari 8619 978.54 74.17 4. Gaganbawada 2407 514.74 38.09 5. Panahala 5778 1162.33 102.99 6. Shahuwadi 7964 838.88 72.13 7. Hatkanagale 5376 1505.63 112.64 8. Shirol 0 0.00 0.00 9. Gadhinglaj 8357 977.43 104.19 10. Ajara 4248 418.81 50.08 11. Chandgad 23750 3610.24 281.27 12. Bhudargad 4740 484.98 63.95 Total 91460 13211.38 1120.75 From the dry crop land analysis of flood disaster in 12 talukas of Kolhapur district, the highest number of affected farmers are from Chandgadtaluka i.e. 23750; whereas lowest is in Shiroltaluka. The total affected farmers in Kolhapur district is around 91460. The total affected area in hectare is 13211.38 hectares. The maximum affected area is Chandgad i.e. 3610.24 and lowest is in Shirol taluka respectively. Table 3. Represents the total impact of flood disaster on irrigated land in Kolhapur district. Sr. no. Name of taluka No. of affected No. of affected Total funds in farmers area (Hectare) Rs. (Lakhs) 1. Karveer 33516 9467.49 1462.84 @IJMTER-2020, All rights Reserved 49 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 07, Issue 04, [April-2020] ISSN (Online):2349–9745 ; ISSN (Print):2393-8161 2.
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