Monosialoganglioside GM2 from bovine brain

Product Number G 8397 Storage Temperature -0 °C

Product Description Precautions and Disclaimer CAS Number: 19600-01-2 For Laboratory Use Only. Not for drug, household or Structure: GalNAcβ(1→4)[Neu5Acα(2→3)] other uses. Galβ(1→4)Glcβ(1→1)cer. Preparation Instructions This is a natural product mixture of unidentified This product is soluble in chloroform:methanol molecular weights. The molecular weight would be (1:1 [v:v], 10 mg/ml) yielding a clear to slightly hazy, approximately 1,382 based on the following clear to light yellow solution. , including assumptions: GM2, are soluble in dimethylformamide 1) The chain length is normal. and tetrahydrofuran, and insoluble in non-polar 2) Stearic acid is the only fatty acid linked to the solvents. Gangliosides form micelles in aqueous 9 sphingosine amino group. solution. 3) Only acetyl (not glycolyl) residues are bound to the sugar amino groups. Storage/Stability Ganglioside GM2 is stable in methanol for a few days Ganglioside GM2 is a minor component of cell at room temperature, for several weeks in the membranes that accumulates in Tay-Sachs and other refrigerator, and for months in the freezer. genetic diseases. The hydrolysis of ganglioside GM2 has a requirement for the correct synthesis, References processing, and ultimate combination of three protein 1. Mahuran, D. J., Biochemical consequences of gene products. A deficiency of any one of these mutations causing the GM2 gangliosidoses. proteins leads to a storage of this ganglioside, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1455 (2-3), 105-138 primarily in the lysosomes of neuronal cells. This (1999). accumulation occurs in three forms of 2. Tettamanti, G., et al., Salvage pathways in GM2-: Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff . Biochimie., disease, or the AB-variant form.1 Ganglioside GM2 is 85 (3-4), 423-437 (2003). a metabolic degradation product from gangliosides 3. Buccoliero, R., and Futerman, A. H., The roles of that are channeled to the endosomal/lysosomal and complex in neuronal system. Complete degradation normally occurs with cell function. Pharmacol. Res., 47(5), 409-419 formation of the individual sugar (glucose, galactose, (2003). hexosamine, sialic acid) and (ceramide, 4. Mullin, B. R., et al., Quantitation of gangliosides in sphingosine, fatty acid) components of ganglioside the picomolar range. J. Chromatogr., 305, 512-513 GM2. Complex such as ganglioside GM2 (1984). may be involved in regulation of neuronal 5. Svennerholm, L., Quantitative estimation of sialic development, but the downstream targets with which acids. II. A colorimetric resorcinol–hydrochloric they may interact are not well defined.3 acid method. Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 24, 604-611 (1957). Gangliosides can be separated by thin layer 6. Thin-Layer Chromatography: A Laboratory chromatography4 using resorcinol as the detection Handbook, 2nd ed., Stahl, E., ed., Springer-Verlag reagent.5 A naphthoresorcinol-sulfuric acid spray (New York, NY: 1969), p. 888. reagent for detection of gangliosides on TLC plates 7. Hess, H., and Rolde, E., Fluorometric assay of can also be used.6 They can also be assayed by a sialic acid in brain gangliosides. J. Biol. Chem., sensitive fluorometric method of the bound and free 239, 3215-3220 (1964). sialic acid present in brain gangliosides.7 Methods of isolation and analysis have been reviewed.8

8. Ledeen, R. W., and Yu, R. K., Gangliosides: 9. The Merck Index, 12th Ed., Entry# 4376. structure, isolation, and analysis. Methods Enzymol., 83, 139-191 (1982). RLG/CRF 12/03

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