Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 1 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 2
Project Team: -
Project Sponsor: Jamal Al Hai Project Director: Waddah S. Ghanem Project Facilitator: Osama Al Girgawi Document Review and Type Setting: Alia Busamra / Sarah Naghi Edited by: Lavina Dixit Chatterjee Mike Ortega
Data Collection Coordinators:-
Abdah Hussain Abdel Naser P.V. Ahmad Oneissy Azam Soukar Carmel Griffiths Hind Al Youha Mohammed Chahwan Rizwan Dadan
Design Coordinated by: Group Brand Management Department, ENOC, Dubai
Produced for the Department of Civil Aviation, Government of Dubai by the Emirates National Oil Company, Group Environment, Health and Safety Compliance Department
All rights reserved to the Department of Civil Aviation, Government of Dubai, United Arab Emirates Copyright 2004. Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
l Dedication ...... 1
l Management Statement ...... 2
l Environmental Policy Statement ...... 3
l Past, Present and Future ...... 4
l Dubai International Airport Directorates ...... 13 Operations ...... 13
Engineering Services ...... 15
Engineering Projects ...... 22
Cleaning Services and Waste Management Services ...... 27
Water and Electricity Management ...... 32
Emergency Management ...... 35
l Strategic Business Units ...... 38 Dubai Duty Free ...... 38
Dubai Cargo Village ...... 43
l Strategic Partners ...... 47 Dubai Airport Free Zone Authority ...... 47
EK Group ...... 52
a. Emirates Flight Catering Company LLC (EKFC) ...... 52
b. Emirates Airlines Engineering ...... 60
c. Dnata Airport Services ...... 64
Joint Industrial Aviation Fuel Farm ...... 74
Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) ...... 80
l General Information ...... 82
l Future Outlook ...... 86
l Dubai International Airport and the Community ...... 87 T
l International Benchmarking Visits ...... 89 able ofContents
l Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ...... 91
l Contacting Us ...... 95
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Dedication Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 1 To shower him with compassion and mercy. UA To implementation of sustainable development... who through his wisdom and preseverance advocated the vision Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahayan, President of the United Arab Emirates nurtured the value of love for
E, GCC and the world was endless. May Allah rest his soul in peace the father of nation whose generosity to land, people and culture the nation’s inspirer and role model who embodied D EDICATION environment… To the late His Highness our hopes, Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 5
MANAGEMENT STATEMENT
Dubai International Airport has witnessed vast expansion and accelerated growth and it continues to support and strengthen the economy of Dubai. It has major local and regional significance due to the large number of jobs it provides, the income it generates for Dubai in addition to providing services to make passenger travel, cargo handling and all airport associated activities not just one of the best in the region, but also in the World.
The Department of Civil Aviation, Dubai provides infrastructure, buildings and service facilities to the many companies at Dubai International Airport. We affect the environment in several ways and the Airport and the Strategic Business Partners work continuously to reduce the negative impact to the benefit of the surrounding areas. This Public Environment Report describes the development of the environmental policies and direction in which Dubai International Airport is heading.
There are many significant achievements that the Strategic Business Units have achieved such as the implementation of sound Environmental Management Systems and Practices. However, there is always room for improvement. With the recent reformulation of the Airport’s Environment Protection Team in 2003 which includes a cross-section of staff at various levels in the Airport, presently supported by the Emirates National Oil Company representatives, I have no doubt that the improvements will continue rapidly.
This report should be seen as an element in the dialogue between Dubai International Airport Stakeholders and shall be available to all groups who wish to keep abreast of the environmental developments and efforts at the Dubai International Airport. These groups include financial and business sectors, the community, environmental authorities, airport employees as well as our respected customers and travellers. The Management of Dubai International Airport believes that transparency is the key to our future and economic, social and environmental success and is proud to present this
document as an embodiment of that commitment. Management Statement
H.H. Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum President, Department of Civil Aviation, Dubai and Chairman of the Emirates Group Dubai International Airport 2
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY STATEMENT
The Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) and its Strategic Business Units are committed to build and operate the Dubai International Airport Facilities in an environmentally sound and responsible manner.
The DCA shall achieve this by empowering and supporting its staff, partners, contractors and third parties to take a proactive role in developing, improving and maintaining the state of the environment.
The DCA shall aim to operate in full compliance with relevant Local and International Legislation and Regulations, and shall endeavor to monitor, control and reduce environmental impacts that are associated with its operations on a continual improvement basis.
The DCA shall also develop and maintain an Environmental Management System and implement an Audit Programme to ensure full compliance with this Policy.
This Policy shall be reviewed periodically at a frequency not exceeding 2 years.
H.H. Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum President Department of Civil Aviation 14th October 2003 Issue No. 1
3 Environmental Policy Statement Policy Environmental Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 7
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ubai International Airport (DIA) The initial airfield consisted of a 1,800 m compacted sand runway. An all- was established in 1959 when the compacted runway, an apron area and a weather runway was required and thus DLate Ruler of Dubai, H.H. Sheikh small yet adequate terminal building and a 9, 200 feet long asphalt runway was Rashid Bin Saeed Al Maktoum, ordered a fire station. It was opened in 1960 as a installed which was capable of handling the construction of the first airfield. new airport capable of handling aircraft turbo props and jets with extensions to Located only 4 km from the Dubai city up to the size of a DC-3. the terminal building. The improvements centre, the site was chosen not just for its The DIA started its operations in made at that time in 1965 (at the time of proximity to town but also with future September 1960 with a 6,000 feet long its inauguration) included installation of expansion in mind. navigational aids, lighting systems, and the construction of hangers. And within a matter of a few years the DIA was already operating a new departure lounge, which was added to the original terminal building. In addition to this, a 12,500 feet long concrete runway was constructed with the latest equipment installed at that time. The new Terminal was opened by Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum on the 15th May 1971 and the full length of the runway was put into use on the 22nd of November 1971. The Airport stands as one of the most important developments in the history of economic and social progress of the Emirate of Dubai. Today it is an essential transit point on the world map, with many
of the passengers transiting and more Past, PresentandFuture than 85% of airfreight cargo being redirected. The growth and the environmental impacts of the operations and expansions of the airport in Dubai 4
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have been followed and addressed. projects as well as their operations in the of the airport for the next millennium. However, in a similar development trend past decades. with the rest of the world, Dubai’s Dubai International Airport went through environmental development has been History of Dubai International many expansions and developments. Airport slow to start with, but showing much In May 1998, the Department of Civil more accelerated activity in the last few Aviation (DCA) announced the launch of its Department of Civil Aviation (DCA), years. This has been true for both the newest terminal, Terminal 2, as the first Dubai is the governing and Airport and the City of Dubai, which has completed stage in the 540 million USD administrative body of Dubai become one of the favoured tourist expansion program. Terminal 2 marked a step International Airport, Dubai Duty Free, destinations in the Middle East. towards the completion of the development Dubai International Hotel, Dubai Cargo Remarkably safe, easy to travel in and out of, tax free and a very clean city, Dubai offers many faucets that many other cities can not. The modernisation has taken place with greater degree of Environmental Management in the past ten years with the establishment of a dedicated unit within the Municipality, which works closely with government and non-government developers to ensure that no serious environmental damages are made. The Municipality has also developed sewage treatment plants, water recycling systems, waste water drainage infrastructure, irrigation and landscaping projects as well as a huge investment into a hazardous waste treatment and management facility in Jebel Ali. Dubai Municipality services have been indispensable to the Airport during Dubai International Airport, 1960’s 5 Past, Present and Future Present Past,
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Village and the Aviation Club. In and the Department of Civil Aviation Expansion of Dubai International addition, the DCA has the task and has been planning for the 21st Airport responsibility of building, expanding and Century for a number of years now. Phase I of Expansion maintaining the necessary infrastructure We are striving through the for handling air traffic while expansion program to meet the In 1997, the DCA launched a 540 million coordinating the interactions of the travel needs of the influx of business USD expansion program, which was airport users. and leisure travellers to the Emirate designed anticipating the travel demands up to 2030. of the 21st century. This phase of Today, not only is DIA considered to be one of the fastest growing airports in the world, it is also recognised as the aviation hub of the Middle East. Dubai International Airport currently stands at the threshold of being among the top ten airports in the world. The site of the first airfield was chosen not only for its proximity to town but also with keeping in mind future expansions, which has proven crucial for DIA. The expansions have been under way since the founding of the airport. From nine airlines serving some 20 destinations in 1969, the DIA has grown to accommodate 100 airlines connecting to over 140 destinations in the first half of 2002. In 2004, it serves 105 airlines and over 140 destinations. Past, PresentandFuture In the words of the Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed President of the DCA and Chairman of Emirates Group "Maintaining a vision for the future Emirates Airlines is one of the official national carriers of the U.A.E. is very much part of Dubai’s success 6
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expansion culminated with the opening 3. Expansion of Airfield Facilities - Terminal 2 is built in compliance with of Sheikh Rashid Terminal in April 2000. new Aprons, Taxiways, and International Civil Aviation Organisation To alleviate the rising congestion from Runway Extension (ICAO) regulations, which include 100% Terminal 1, Terminal 2 opened in 1998. 4. Expansion of Special facilities - VIP screening of hold baggage, flow Terminal 2 was designed essentially to Pavilion, Royal Air Wing and Duty separation of arriving and departing handle chartered, executive and special Free Warehouses passengers and total access control for flights. When Terminal 2 first opened 23 staff to restricted areas. The expanded 5. Expansion of Infrastructure and airlines were operating out of it. Today Terminal 2 will be capable of handling Support Facilities Drainage, 36 airlines, mainly scheduled and multi airline operations and large Sewage, etc. chartered, operate out of the terminal aircraft such as the A380. The DCA is and this figure is expected to grow. The DIA’s present capacity is around looking to bring in more chartered Phase II of Expansion 22 million passengers a year. With airlines; and Terminal 2 is designed to the completion of this phase, the handle these. In 2002, the management decided to begin DIA will increase its capacity to Phase II of the expansion program. The almost 70 million passengers a year. Terminal 3 expansion of DIA and its affiliated Terminal 3 is designed to have multiple divisions is expected to finish in 2006 benefits as compared to Terminal 1 and with the cost of 4.1 billion USD. This Expansion of Passenger Facilities 2. The main benefits include simplified, expansion will maintain Dubai’s position Expansion of Terminal 2 easy passenger flow and reduced as the aviation and business hub of, not walking distances. only the region but a major one in the Terminal 2 Expansion is to be completed Concourse 2 world. in two phases. In the first phase, a construction of an interim terminal Although Concourse 2 will complement The Phase II of Expansion will include building was done. In the second phase, the existing concourse and the Sheikh the following elements: a construction of a larger and a more Rashid Terminal by keeping its current 1. Expansion of Passenger Facilities - passenger friendly terminal is expected profile, it is designed to have its own Terminal 3, Concourse 2, Concourse 3, to be finished in 2005. A special feature architectural identity. which will be all dedicated to Emirates of this expansion includes a restaurant The main features of the building Airlines; and Expansion of Terminal 2 facility for 300 persons. This facility is will be: specially designed to cater to the 1. Multi-level structure for 2. Expansion of Cargo Facilities -Cargo demands of the increasing number of Mega Terminal charter airlines coming to Dubai. Departures and Arrivals 7 Past, Present and Future Present Past, Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 11
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7. First and Business Class Lounges Concourse 3 In order to accommodate a larger number of the new A380 super jumbo Concourse 3 has been included in the expansion program. The main features of this building will be: 1. A similar version of Concourse 2 2. Connected by automated people movers to Concourse 2 3. Having 20 contact Gates, 18 of which will accommodate A380 SuperJumbo 4. A 250 room Hotel and Health club The two concourse buildings will be linked to let transiting passengers move freely between the buildings. Furthermore, measures will be incorporated into the design to facilitate this movement and minimise transit time.
Expansion of Cargo Facilities Dubai Duty Free Shop The Dubai Cargo Village (DCV) was established in 1991 to handle all cargo 2. 27 contact Gates and 59 passenger 5. 300 room 5 star Hotel and 3 star Past, PresentandFuture operations of the DIA, which was loading Bridges Health club originally designated to handle 250,000 3. 5 gates to handle large Airplanes, 6. 10,000 m2 of commercial space, tonnes per annum. The building such as A380 which will include Dubai Duty Free expanded in 1995, when it went over 4. Connection to Sheikh Rashid Terminal and Restaurants capacity, in order to handle 350,000 8
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tonnes per annum. The forecasts The new Cargo Terminal 1 building new A380 super jumbo aircraft. Some developed indicate that there will be a will form the initial architectural existing taxiways will be expanded to need to handle more than 1 million work. It will be the first of a series of complete the work associated with the tonnes by 2005, and 2.7 million tonnes by three buildings that will eventually newly commissioned second runway. The 2018. At present the DCV can handle up make up the Mega Terminal. existing apron currently serving to 675,000 tonnes per annum. Completion of this new Terminal 1 is Terminals will also be significantly extended to provide additional remote The main components of the DCV are: expected around the year 2005 with expected throughput capacity of parking stands. 1. Hall ‘B’ Express Mail Centre 800,000 tonnes per annum 2. Cargo Mega Terminal 3. During the Third Stage, following Other Additions 3. Administrative and Agents the commissioning of Cargo Several other infrastructure projects and facilities Terminal 1, it is planned that Emirates and Mail services will facilities, which will support the major 4. Multi-story Car Park move into the new Terminal. Halls A projects of the Phase 2 program, will be 5. Central Utility Plant and B will then be demolished to also implemented. Prominent amongst these is the new Super Gate, which has 6. Mosque and Amenities create space for an additional new terminal (Terminal 2) having a been constructed adjacent to Terminal 2 7. Flower Centre capacity of over 1 million tonnes on its western side. This facility is The expansion project of the DCV is per annum intended primarily for the use by airport divided into three stages: staff, contractors, and suppliers etc. to ensure a proper segregation from 1. First Stage will see the conversion Expansion of Airfield Facilities- passengers and enhance the security of of Exhibition Hall A at the Cargo Aprons and Taxiways the airport. Other projects include a new Village into a dedicated Emirates Sky The principal component of this project is Royal Air Wing Facility, a new DCA Cargo Facility, and Exhibition Hall B the apron area around the proposed Engineering facility, expansion of the into a Mail and Courier Centre Concourse 2 providing 27 wide bodied existing Fuel Farm, Ground handling and 2. Second Stage will involve upgrading aircraft stands. Of these, five stands will staging facilities, upgrading of airfield the existing Cargo Terminal to a be dedicated to accommodating the lighting and implementation of the stage semi-automatic status and A380 super jumbo. All aprons will be 2 storm water drainage systems. construction of a new multi-story built complete with taxiways and taxi- "Mega Cargo Terminal" (Terminal 1). lanes capable of accommodating the 9 Past, Present and Future Present Past, Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 13
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Growth between the last and the next 20 years Dubai International Airport (DIA) has observed a significant average increase of 8.45% per year in passenger traffic, between 1980 and 2001. In 2003, it is the turnover of passengers totalled 18 million passengers with the expected increases in the next years to be 21 million in 2004, 22.5 million by 2005, 25.4 million by 2006, 28.7 million by 2007, 32.4 million by 2008, about 36.5 million by 2009 and then 41.5 million increasing to about 70 million from 2010 to 2020. In terms of freight, the increase has been also equally if not more impressive and significant as it increased from 49, 863, 442 kg in 1980 to 610, 866, 956 kg in 2001, which equates to a 1225% increase over 20 years. The average annual increase in rate is approximately 13.64 % and with an all-time high of 29.9% achieved in 1995. Since 1992 the growth rate has been exponential and the tonnage climbed in 10 years from 186,102.13 tonnes to 763,936.45 tonnes, equivalent to a 75% growth rate in handling and an average Past, PresentandFuture growth rate per annum of 7.5%. Over the last 24 years the average growth per year has been 11.8% with a maximum growth rate recorded in 1991 of 24.6%. 10
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With respect to aircraft handling, a total rate over this 30-year period has been an based on all other aircraft fleets. This has of 60,880 aircraft came in and out in average of 8.87%. The total number of been very positive as the newer aircraft 1980 when compared to 134,165 flights recorded in 2003, was 168,511 as operate with lower noise and air aircraft in 2001. That means that the opposed to 22,458 flights in 1972. emission levels. capacity has more than doubled in 20 years. Out of the total number of flights in However, the next 20 years is probably where 2003, an increase of 15.08% has been the real fascination will lie in the expected DIA and Strategic Business Partners noted with scheduled civil aviation statistics, where aircraft movements are and Units (SBPU) flights, an increase of 3.7% in non- expected to increase further, supported by the scheduled civil aviation flights and some Dubai International Airport relies on its new terminal. decrease of 10.87% in military related Strategic Business Partners Unites (SBPU) During 2004, the typical aircraft movements aircrafts. The main aircraft operating in to deliver the excellent services, to all its are approximately 500 per day. DIA is the Emirates Fleet, which is customers. The DCA shares many strategic objectives and goals with its SBP, The growth rates of aircraft movements in substantially newer than the average Dubai have been exceptional to the region. Dubai International Airport is becoming the central transit point between the East and West and attracting a greater number of shoppers, holiday-makers and business travellers into Dubai on an annual basis. The Airport Operations have been responsible for assisting Dubai by maintaining the economic and tourist industrial boom through effective and efficient airport air traffic operations. Since 1972, aircraft movements at Dubai International Airport have been astonishing, with growth rates of 53% at times. The main accelerated growth has been from 1972 to 1978 and then 1987 to date. The average percentage growth 11 Past, Present and Future Present Past, Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 15
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which are continuously reviewed and maintained in order to achieve the levels of quality they strive for. The DCA and SBPU are responsible for maintaining Environmental Management Systems, environmental protection measures ranging from energy management to waste handling at the DIA, and ensuring that all the companies are operating at their set locations and their employees adhere to highest reasonable environmental standards and practices. In fact the Strategic Business Partners and Units play a significant role in performing the wide range of tasks associated with the ultramodern airport and services centre. Together as a team the DCA works with the SBPU towards a common goal, whilst ensuring that the principles of sustainable development are always implemented. The Strategic Business Partners and Units 5. Emirates Flight Catering Company 9. EMOJET at DIA are; (EKFC) 10. Air British Petroleum (BP) 1. Dubai Duty Free (DDF) 6. Dnata 11. Shell Aviation
2. Dubai Cargo Village (DCV) 7. Dubai International Airport Free Past, PresentandFuture Zone Authority (DAFZA) 3. Emirates Airlines (EK) 8. Emirates Petroleum Products 4. Emirates Airlines Engineering (EAE) Company (EPPCO) Aviation
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DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT DIRECTORATES
OPERATIONS
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
he Airport Operations Directorate is and environmental conditions upon the main process owner of the airport operations from an internal, Tfundamental functions of the airport external (with respect to airport) and operations. They are, as with all airports surrounding environment perspectives. around the world, heavily regulated by This study, which was commissioned by various Civil Aviation Authorities and the Operations Directorate, also compliance and conformance is very reviewed the relationships between much the main driving force for their operational excellence. aviation and environment globally where some research identified The Directorate believes in sustainable important facts with respect to the development of the airport. It has been historical and current trends. quite a challenge for them in many respects to meet the operational The study also gave a critical review of requirements of the ever expanding the current environmental betterment airport whilst studying the effects, impacts practices which was implemented and a list of the areas were improvements and possible mitigation measures that may be implementation of environmental were required. These include air and undertaken in protecting the environment. sustainable best practice. The challenges are also numerous with noise quality monitoring, applying various developments and expansions in standards and administration of the airport. Airport Environmental Study environmental planning, compliance and follow up at the Dubai International However, more recently, the Operations A detailed research study was Directorate after commissioning a scoping Airport. There was also a list of undertaken by an assistant professor at recommendations presented in the study, are now reviewing implementation the United Arab Emirates University strategies based on research and report based on the research and field Dr. Ayesha Al Mutawa, which was development of ideas presented by a review findings. These findings were mainly about a basic overview of the study conducted by a representative presented to the Airport Executive from the UAE University. Further to that relationship between the Aviation Directorate Board. study, research is now being Industry and the Environment in the Emirate of Dubai. The paper described undertaken based on that report by Further and Future Work the Directorate to investigate the ecosystems, environmental impact effective and cost efficient methods of and the influences of economic, social After reviewing of the report the 13 Operations Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 17
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which are being suggested for further feasibility reviews that consist of technical research papers, site visits observations and recommendations to the Operations Director are: 1. Ground Vehicle emissions from DIA Operations 2. Noise Emissions from Aircraft operations in Dubai International Airport 3. Waste management, water management and energy conservation programs 4. Biodiversity at the Dubai International Airport 5. Best practice review from around the world based on the International Civil Aviation Operations (ICAO) Directorate employed on a project basis legal framework review, a review of regulations and resolutions a resident environmental incumbent international statutory standards and 6. Review of the global aviation who is researching and reviewing the implementation of Environmental environmental direction and expected current situation at the Dubai Management Systems. There has been future developments and changes International Airport, with respect to also close cooperation in discussions and These recommendations of alternatives implementation of environmental best reviews of the ground vehicles air practice. This incumbent is in the process quality study which the Emirates will give a brief overview including the of producing a report that will cover National Oil Company (ENOC) is economic, environmental benefit and recommendations on the administrative, undertaking. Some of the initiatives statutory and best practice issues. Operations 14
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ENGINEERING SERVICES
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
aintaining all the facilities at of an Environmental Management Centre. There was also active Dubai International Airport is System (EMS), which it aims to have involvement in the clean-up campaign Man extremely challenging job. certification for in the last quarter of with Dubai Municipality in October The Engineering Services Directorate’s 2004. 2003. In this event, more than 20 young activities include, but are not limited to, female and male employees The new Contractor Environmental, the maintenance of power, water and volunteered to clean up the Global Health and Safety Guidelines, which electricity in all airport facilities. They Village Beach of Ras Al Khor in Dubai, are responsible for all internal projects support the contractual conditions is where more than 50 kg of in operating areas, modifications, and ready for release. With this, the ESD is in biodegradable and non-biodegradable changes in the airport buildings. They the process of implementing wastes were collected. This exercise was are also responsible for gardening and improvement projects such as the a reflection of the commitment of all greening projects, external works and comprehensive “Energy Management employees to preserve and enhance the irrigation. Road and Runway Study” conducted in 2003, for optimising environment they live in. The Director, maintenance is also the responsibility of power and water consumption, runway Mr. Masoud M. Taher has confirmed this Directorate, which employs some waste management, housekeeping that the ESD shall be undertaking 525 staff members. There are no long practices and the integration work further and greater involvement as part term contractors employed and all undertaken with the Waste Management of their plans in the years to come. contractors are brought in on very Services Directorate. A roll-out of the EMS supporting specialised short term projects and jobs programs such waste environmental such as elevator and A/C systems checks. awareness, management programs, Environment and the Community HSE induction training, Clean-up campaign with Dubai Municipality, in HSE Compliance and International There are various activities and initiatives that the ESD is involved in addition to the Environment Week 2004 Certification which are internally and externally activities. The Engineering Services Directorate implemented such as staff training in The President of the Department of Civil (ESD) is fully certified to the ISO environmental and health and safety Aviation and Chairman of Emirates 9001:2000 system since late 2002, which awareness programs. Among such Group, Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al it maintains to date. ESD is also in the programs was the heat stress Maktoum, further honoured the process of finalising the policies and management program for employees in Engineering Services Directorate when procedures for the implementation association with the Jebel Ali Medical they received the Dubai Municipality 15 Engineering Services Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 19
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trophy and certificate of appreciation, and in line with this policy; it has landing aircraft. developed its waste management which was awarded in association with The Directorate segregates the waste in procedures in line with the practices of the United Nations Environment Program a simple system where plastics, paper (UNEP). the Waste Management Services Division. The ESD is responsible for ramp cleaning and glass are segregated before being and clearance in coordination with the given to the airports Waste Waste Management Airport Operations Control. This is to Management Services section. Some of ensure that the runways and roads the wastes generated such as cardboard Waste Management is primarily the remain clear of debris, items that could boxes are sold off. There is also a responsibility of the Airport Waste become airborne and hinder aircraft dedicated area under the control of the Management Services Division. The ESD descent and take off, and rubber tires, ESD, which stores and maintains the subscribes to the 3Rs “Reduce, Reuse and which sometimes rip off from inventory of hazardous waste and then is Recycle” policies of Dubai Municipality Engineering Services The DCA Engineering Directorate employees during the October 2003 The DCA Engineering Director “ Clean up the World Campaign” receiving a trophy of appreciation from the Director, EPSS, Dubai Municipality 16
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Specialised runway cleaning truck Above ground storage tanks for Evaporation basin hazardous waste liquid
directly sent to the waste management These wastes include spilt oils; liquid The Engineering Services Division is also contracting company. Office based hazardous wastes from runway cleaning in charge of maintaining the friction on wastes go directly to the waste including rubber tire pieces; paints and both the runways as per the ICAO management areas. Periodically, metal containers, filters, brushes from regulations and standards, by using based wastes are segregated then later maintenance activities and used lead acid specialised detergents (100% on are sold off as scrap material. batteries from vehicles, motorised biodegradable) and equipment for the Hazardous waste disposal procedures are equipment and power generators. All removal of the rubber that accumulates used with the implementation of waste management records are on the runways surface due to aircraft traceability through qualified records subject to audit and intensive waste landings. The waste water generated and using the Dubai Municipality management auditing will be running from this process is separated and Technical Guidelines for guidance. throughout 2004. discharged into segregated tanks and is 17 Engineering Services Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 21
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dealt as hazardous water, after being Installed are sensor operated wash basin comprehensive Energy Management left initially to settle in a crude evaporation faucets and although no grey water System Study were conducted basin. systems are used, they are installed in through a dedicated in-house some area’s half flush systems in toilets. Directorate resource with the following All water heater systems are thermostat objectives: Water Management set and are inspected every six months. 1. To meet the increasing pressure The Directorate is currently working on from global demands to become a plan to reassign all water consumption Energy Management more energy efficient and meters to all operating areas to get environmentally clean operators better quality consumption data. This is The ESD has exercised great efforts in part of the EMS water management the field of energy management 2. To be economically competitive, commitment of the Directorate. initiatives. In 2003, a major and meeting the environmental Wastewater is not treated within the standards, which are all major airport grounds. Storm water is directed towards a retention pond in the far northern edge of the airport. Otherwise, wastewater is generated from the operating areas and sewerage lines, and lead to a main Dubai Municipality sewer line header. No soak-away pits are used nor permitted within the airport facilities. There is however, a small holding facility for wastewater before release, which is used when maintenance work needs to take place on a critical discharge line. On a periodic basis, a third party and a Dubai Municipality approved lab testing Engineering Services contactor, undertake testing for critical pollutant parameters within the discharge effluent. These reports are maintained on permanent records. Sensor operated water wash systems in all the terminal 1 bathrooms 18
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factors in current capital reduction in consumption at an Emirate activity that has been implemented. The investment decisions level. It has also been identified that the simple methods of energy conservation 3. Investigate energy efficient difference between peak and minimum have been communicated to all energy requirement ranges between technologies, materials, and Directorates and SBPU in official some 2621 MW and 1400 MW, which has manufacturing processes to help memorandums. The basic methods are improve productivity, efficiency a difference of 1221 MW or 46.5% and a such as: and service quality capacity, which lies redundant and unutilised. 4. Help reduce Operational and 1. Switch off lights (where possible) Maintenance expenditures and The progress so far has been awareness in cabins and workspaces Utility bills building on energy conservation 2. Set the A/C systems to keep throughout the airport operating areas, The study investigated the potential temperature at 24°C, which is as demand management initiatives with returns on investment for low, medium per ASHRAE standards DEWA, internal Directorate meeting on 3. Reduce load on A/C systems by and high initial cost investment options. EMS initiatives, and implementation of securing doors and windows to Potential energy reductions are lighting control in Terminal 1 Building prevent escape of cool air and estimated in the study ranging between and energy consumption monitoring intrusion of warm air 5 to 50% and effective within one to five programs. In addition to this, metering years of implementation depending on arrangements have been implemented 4. Switch off computer equipment in the options to be employed. for users such as the SBPU operating in addition to printers, scanners Such initiatives include, reducing HVAC the H.H. Sheikh Rashid Terminal Building photocopiers, fans and so on not in without compromising on comfort levels, and within the DIA. Billing has also been use for extended periods of time realignment of lighting without recently introduced to improve financial 5. Ensure that water is not being lost compromising output, reducing water awareness and encourage all to reduce through leaks of taps being left consumption without compromising on on energy consumption within their open unnecessarily hygiene and other usage and through operating areas. Also a study was commissioned on the balancing of the 6. All new systems to be installed are the investigation of alternative energy UPS loads in addition to other initiatives sensor operated water delivery sources such as solar power where such as moving walkway, escalator and systems possible. A/C control systems. With the support received from DEWA, DCA is Dubai’s largest single consumer of electricity and thus it was identified that Communicating the environmental the DCA’s more involved Directorates like any reduction would be a substantial message has been also a very important the ESD, have on regular basis coordination 19 Engineering Services Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 23
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meetings in which they discuss progress saving some 46, 000 USD/year 140, 000 USD has been booked to with initiatives, trends and methods of 3. The installation of new Hi-mast the Ground Services Operations, better energy management. Internally, lighting providing lighting for both which will help in encouraging them there is a committee of chief engineers the Apron and the roads instead of to explore more efficient use of energy who meet on a fortnightly basis to the older system, which had both discuss progress with energy low and hi-mast lighting systems 5. Motion detectors have been in the runway and taxing areas installed on all moving walkways management program initiatives, resolve 4. New billing systems have been and escalators, which is used in the any conflicts and to date various critical past to operate regardless of load issues, in which all have been resolved installed and between middle of 2002 to end of 2003 a recovery of presence during these meetings. The following are examples of some conducted studies: 1. Lighting in T1 Arrival and Departure complex where daylight is sufficient to illuminate the areas for at least 8 hours per day, and therefore lighting can be switched off to reduce the electricity consumption by 8% (a cost saving of approx. 30, 500 USD/year) in addition to increasing lamp life expectancy by about 33%. There are further initiative planned to have these lights come on and off automatically depending on the level of available lighting automatically using LDR systems as well 2. Metal Halide type duct-lights/up- lights Lighting between the Engineering Services Departure gates can also be safely switched off for 8 hours a day reducing energy consumption and Motion sensors installed between metal poles on escalators 20
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The study recommended that Energy changes within the Terminal buildings. Management Project Teams are formed, periodic audits and implementation of energy conservation measures, and the Training and Environmental Safety Energy Management Program are The ESD uses different types of materials undertaken. The audits would need to be and chemicals. Some of these chemicals technically detailed to determine ratings, are quite dangerous and they are stored settings, installation areas, maintenance and handled in a responsible manner. cycles and other general conditions. The proper use of Material Safety Data Some measurements and monitoring Sheets (MSDS) is required and it is very would also be required. This would be for important to understand the use of lighting, HVAC, UPS as well as other environmental safety information systems. contained within these documents. For Even though the growth rates continue of a generally smoke free airport. this reason the ESD have carried out to rise in the DIA, when comparing the However, because smoking is allowed in educational programs for their employees in hazard communication. energy consumption from 2001 to 2002, certain areas, the ESD has installed and the total consumption growth was from maintained some six smoking booths, As per the scheduled plan all the ESD 175.27 million to 187.37 million units which are enclosed and have a separate staff members have undergone HSE equivalent to a 6.9% increase. In ventilation system in place. The indoor training. The training is an integral part comparison to the consumption rates air quality is monitored by a specialised of the Directorate’s operations and the from 2002 to 2003 that percentage is consultant on a quarterly basis who emphasis is on training all staff to lower at 3.65% as the total consumption monitors basic ASHARE standard air maintain a high level of awareness in all went up to 194.21 million units. This quality parameters. This practice started aspects of Environment, Health and means that a consumption growth rate in January 2003 and continues to date. Safety in their day to day operations. has been reduced by about 3.25%, which Furthermore, in the Directorate strives to equates to a cost saving of approximately The temperature within the premises of work within the DCA framework for 338, 000 USD. the Airport Terminal buildings is environmental development and to add maintained at 22 to 24°C through a value as an active Directorate, a specialist centralised cooling system and the employee resides as a permanent Indoor Air Quality ventilation systems have also been member in the DCA Environment Team. The ESD has implemented the DCA policy designed to give the adequate air 21 Engineering Services Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 25
ENGINEERING PROJECTS
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ubai International Airport (DIA) Impact Policy and Assessment Strategy for measurement of improvement has been expanding, improving the DCA Approval. The Environmental 5. To plan and measure the success Dand developing since the day it Policy established is as follows: of improvement programs was opened. A great deal of design and “Contractors are expected to monitor engineering input has been made to the 6. To enable rapid action to be taken their environmental performance to in the event of emergencies DIA to ensure that it serves its purpose ensure compliance with the legal well, whilst being able to handle the requirements and the operation of their 7. To assist in decision making in weather conditions in Dubai and to document processes. These systems should relation to new materials and blend in with the environment it was detect emergency situations as soon as substances initially built in. possible. Contractors must clearly define 8. To eliminate or reduce responsibilities for Environmental environmental problems and Management. This is to be accepted at liabilities Environmental Impact Assessment senior levels in their organisation. All Contractors are expected to incorporate There are a huge number of projects on- contractors involved with activities that these objectives into the overall HSE going to support the current expansion of have an environmental impact must be programs and actions, and then use the the DIA. These engineering projects are accountable for their performance. best available techniques not entailing geared towards a fast-track high quality Contractors are required to develop a excessive costs. Guidelines or standards deliverable policy, which have been scheme for monitoring and reporting are to be set up, and the actions undertaken with HSE in mind. The DCA environmental performance. The key implemented at all the levels, are Engineering Directorate, have some 160 objectives that need to be addressed are: expected to be in the form of working direct employees covering mangers, plans or site instructions, as part of the engineers, safety personnel and overall project risk analysis, which are 1. To meet the legal requirements of draftsmen others. In addition to this referenced in Method Statements. number, approximately 22,000 contract the Dubai Municipality and the personnel work under 15- 20 contractor UAE An integration of the environmental and subcontractor companies. 2. To meet the requirements of the impact assessment is undertaken at the environmental reporting system Method Statement level, where a The DCA Engineering Directorate has a resource-potential contaminant-impact- dedicated Health and Safety Team, which 3. To measure the overall contractor action matrix is submitted for Engineering Projects are mandated by a Directorate Policy. The environmental effect of site client approval through the consultant. main Consultant has been requested to activities The Directorate overseas the present a comprehensive Environmental 4. To provide a baseline for consultant’s activities in which the 22
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consultant is expected to be the area and safe, and shall also be recorded on and then an approval is granted based on specialist to review and make standard registers and forms. All Material the review. At the point of time of recommendations and enforce Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) must be producing this report mainly the contractor corrective actions. Specific obtained for all substances, which are foundation and concrete construction issues such as noise pollution are used. Integrated substance risk were taking place, which meant little considered very carefully. Contractors assessments will determine the actions specialist materials were being used as are expected to undertake noise and measures that need to be taken in opposed to the finishing and fit-outs assessments on machinery, plant, order to comply with the regulations. period where a significantly diverse processes, equipment and any activity The system requires that all contactors number of chemicals shall be used. where it is suspected that persons are submit material specifications stating the Assessments shall include which likely to be exposed to levels of noise at quantities to be used, at which locations or above the “first” or “peak” action levels. It is stipulated that the contractor must assign a competent person to undertake these assessments and the findings should be recorded and maintained. At first and second action levels suitable ear protection and area demarcation are required. The contractors are encouraged to use noise reduction equipment such as silencers, lagging, muffles and so on. Hazardous substances must be included in risk assessments that review the substance hazards to human health and environment. The results of the assessments will determine what action, if any, is required to be taken. The steps taken will comply with the regulations and keep people healthy The great excavation where the new terminals will be built 23 Engineering Projects Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 27
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Waste oil collection containers Construction waste being lifted using a crane and skip
substances are present, how each In any case, on a weekly and monthly covering all projects stipulate the substance is used, the risks to health, the basis, the contractors, consultants and requirements for waste management as hazards of each substance and who is client discuss Environmental, Health and per Dubai Municipality regulations. Due exposed to hazardous substances. Steps Safety issues and performance and to the fact that most of the construction to be taken to prevent or control where necessary work together to waste is not categorised as being exposure will be based on the suggest corrective actions and hazardous but mostly removed soil, the subsequent implementation plans. assessment. All work using hazardous waste is dumped into designated areas where that material can be used in other substances must be reported with the land development projects. There are two results of the risk assessments, which Engineering Projects Waste Management classifications of waste, hazardous and define the controls and measures, which non-hazardous to health and environment. the contractor will take to use as well as The contracts between all contractors disposal of such substances. and the DCA Engineering Directorate Hazardous waste is dealt with using strict 24
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Municipality Standards where the waste from old construction and selling to environmental health view point as well must be disposed of eventually to a licensed scrap dealers. The cardboard as in general preserving public landfill facility. The waste generated, wastes have not been sustainable environmental interests. depending on type, is either sent back to although there were initial plans for the supplier of the material for recycling collection and then sale to recycling or disposal, or direct disposal as per plants. The control of substances Water and Air Management hazardous to health is undertaken very regulations. The contractual conditions Immense dewatering is undertaken and stipulate the analysis requirements of rigorously where there is a system of specialist approval to all chemicals that salt water is tested periodically before it waste, disposal containers, and means of may be used in the construction is discharged into the creek waters or disposal after review of the best method activities. This is from both an otherwise collected and left to given the facilities available. Waste audits are undertaken to ensure conformance to regulations. As there was substantial demolition activities in some areas, asbestos waste from old buildings is handled very carefully. Contractors were specifically required to conduct risk assessments, have appropriate equipment and clothing and all waste manifests were closely monitored by the client and specialist consultant representative. The disposal of asbestos waste is done in sealed containment into double-lined landfills. All normal refill material is transported from the airport site to other areas such as the Festival City and Palm Project sites to be used in construction activities. This transportation is monitored by the consultants to ensure effective relocation of refill material. Recycling activities include steel removal Contractor Waste Storage 25 Engineering Projects Engineering Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 29
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evaporate in open pits. There are very ammonia. Careful emissions monitoring washing is undertaken in an high evaporation rates. There is also a is done during the operations. impoundment basin area where the waste water is collected and disposed of as great deal of ice water being produced There are regular water spray operations hazardous waste. for curing activities using batching on the ground to ensure that the dust is plants on site due to the elevated arrested and this is done effectively and temperatures in Dubai, especially from frequently to ensure that area dust levels Successful Responsible Project June to September. Before installation do not impact the residential areas in Management of these huge plants, a plan is already in Mirdif and Al Kawaneej, which are at place and approved for the eventual times down stream of the wind direction. There are nearly 20 projects taking place at any one time at the airport and control decommissioning and dismantling and Vehicle washing and maintenance area is recovery of the refrigerant gas, of environmental impacts have been segregated and water from vehicle mainly dealt with through using effective communication and joint ownership of the client, consultants and contractors to Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) issues. Integrated work plans at all levels and systematic continuous site inspections have been the key aspects to the success of these projects. The Engineering Projects Directorate view Environmental, Health and Safety Performance as a key performance indicator defining the level of success of a project. In the last 18 months, by involving outside agencies to assess the Environmental, Health and Safety
Performance, major audits have taken Engineering Projects place and ratings have been given including corrective actions. Construction Vehicles Washing Area 26
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CLEANING SERVICES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
s a service department, the protection through quality waste designed to meet the requirements Cleaning Services and Waste management system of ISO 9001:2000 AManagement (CSWM) Directorate 4. To ensure a high quality of was established in Dubai International cleanliness through constant Team Spirit and Training Development Airport and has grown with the monitoring development of the Airport over the 5. To assist in achieving these aims, Team spirit is very much integral to the years. The CSWM Directorate is CSWM have implemented a Quality success of the department’s targets, a responsible for the upkeep of the Management System that is team striving for a common goal. The grounds and premises of DIA Terminals 1 and 2, Sheikh Rashid Terminal and the DCV premises. With a vision of being the cleanest and most admired airport in the world and a mission of providing services for all airport users through a team of committed professionals. The CSWM Directorate employs more than 670 employees.
Quality and Commitment The Directorate is committed to quality and was one of the first DIA Directorates / Departments to receive the ISO 9001 Certification for Quality. The Quality Policy includes: 1. Providing a clean and eco-friendly environment to meet airport users needs and expectations 2. Developing CSWM team’s skills and knowledge through training 3. Commitment to environmental Waste Collection Vehicle 27 Cleaning Services and Waste Management Services Management Waste and Services Cleaning Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 31
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Directorate Management believe in cross-functional cooperation, which is development in all matters including “team spirit” in achieving these goals. considered to play a major role in airport environmental issues. Therefore, The commitment to achieve customer achieving all the set goals. The CSWM training and self development of satisfaction extends itself to customer Directorate alone cannot ensure that employees are strongly supported by delight, which is striving to exceed things happen and therefore every the Directorate. This not only ensures competence but also strengthens the the customer expectations of services initiative to promote and encourage cross-functional cooperation is utilised. confidence in all employees as well as provided in maintaining a clean and helps to ensure consistent performance healthy environment. Continuous improvement is a key retention at all times. fundamental in achieving continued The Directorate strongly believes in Directorate Objectives The CSWM Directorate is an important member of the Department of Civil Aviation’s Team in servicing the DIA. The services must remain uninterrupted to meet all the airport users’ needs and expectations by issuing high level of Cleaning ServicesandWaste ManagementServices waste clearance and disposal services within the airport parameters. Doing this requires the Directorate to ensure that adequate resources are available to maintain existing and new facilities at the airport. Material and equipment selection are important to ensure that both environmental conformance as well as effective application of resources is undertaken. The documentation of customer feedback is essential to CSWM Road Cleaning Vehicle 28
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operations towards improving customer satisfaction as well as promoting Quality Awareness. Induction training, auditing and quality monitoring activities for the facilitation of high quality services are the keys to the success in delivering high quality services. This is supported by a system of periodic performance assessments and appraisals.
Performance Objectives The CSWM Directorate ensures the collection and segregation of waste as per the categories established in the airport. The waste collection service is a critical process that is conducted on a strict and timely manner to avoid overflow and other associated problems. It liaisons with all the waste management companies to ensure that the waste is recycled or disposed of in the correct manner and as per the local regulations pertaining to waste management. The process of contract award is followed by quarterly meetings with providers submit monthly reports the contractors to develop ideas to deal the waste disposal/collection including the services provided, adverse with the waste more effectively and in a companies. This activity is also findings, complaints, corrective actions more environmentally friendly way. integrated with the Purchasing and suggestions for improvement. The Directorate operates with many Directorate of the DCA. The service These suggestions are discussed with contractors and as such works on a 29 Cleaning Services and Waste Management Services Management Waste and Services Cleaning Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 33
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1. Hazardous wastes, including empty paint cans, gloves, oil filters, oil and chemical soaked rags and are considered actually occasional wastes, which are generated at an average maximum rate of about 20 m3 per month. This is generated mainly from Dnata Engineering Services areas 2. Carton wastes, these are recycled paper waste category and account for 477 m3 of tightly compacted waste cardboard. This is sent to paper pulping and recycling plants and revenue is generated from the same 3. Paper waste; generally the offices
produce most of the paper waste, Cleaning ServicesandWaste ManagementServices which again is recycled and the partnership basis with all the Waste Collection average maximum monthly contractors. The waste is removed from the site produce is about 30 m3. Again a The Directorate also has a standard for by using a competent and Dubai revenue is generated from the operational process inspections and Municipality approved Waste same verification of effectiveness of Management Contractor. As per the 4. Wooden pallets, generated operation surveys, which are effectively remit of activities the contractor generally for the extensive a continuous waste audit system. estimates and advises the DCA on the activities from the Cargo Village quantity of waste generated. There operations and account for some With respect to cleaning materials and 3 are seven main categories of waste 326 m of wasted material per chemicals, the CSWM Directorate uses month only environmentally friendly cleaning and these are segregated accordingly products and all the employees are using appropriately sized and designed 5. Plastic wastes, which are trained on safe handling, efficient use containers. generated from the Cargo Village and safety in the use of these products. The types include mainly: and concourse activities account 30
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for about 234 m3 of compacted 7. General waste, which is collected generation quantities has started since wastes. Although the plastic from both the concourse buildings late 2003. waste is segregated there are no and aircraft cleaning activities dominate the greatest segment of companies that can recycle the Campaigns and other Activities same in Dubai at this point in waste generated. Throughout the airport a maximum average of The CMWS Directorate has participated time about 3508 m3 of general waste, actively and assisted the DCA Safety and 6. Waste tires are generated at an which include a cocktail of paper, Security unit towards a successful average rate of 10 m3 per month plastic, domestic refuse type, completion of the FOD campaign and and these are segregated and sent wrapping, cigarette ends, packets, thereby created awareness on Ramp currently to landfill, although cans and others. The general waste Safety among staff. They have also there are plans to recycle this has been increasing and is related to teamed up with them in the successful rubber when an appropriate passenger traffic at the airport. This category II and low visibility ground facility starts operating in Dubai waste is sent to the municipal operations. They have also been or the UAE, permitting if Dubai landfill site for treatment and extremely successful in extending their disposal. All this waste, which Municipality will allow the transit services during major airport events is a dry waste is compacted of waste and another emirate will such as in the world renowned Air Show, allow receipt of this type of efficiently prior to transportation which took place in the DIA. waste The CSWM Directorate have no real control on the production rate of this The Directorate was one of the first waste as such. The waste generation Directorates in the airport to attain the ISO has increased over the years 9002 quality certification. The International proportionally to the increased Air Travel Association, IATA has recognised activities in the airport. The CSWM the DIA as the cleanest airport in the world, Directorate is not responsibile for any in the category of 10 to 20 million construction wastes, which are dealt passengers. The President of the airport with by the Engineering Projects Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum was Directorate. With the increasing also awarded the Directorate several awareness and the Directorates appreciation certificates for staff honesty dedicated to environment and quality, and dedication. more careful tracking of waste
31 Cleaning Services and Waste Management Services Management Waste and Services Cleaning Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 35
WATER AND ELECTRICITY MANAGEMENT
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Background Services Directorate to install meters in 2. Consumption of DCA to be metered. nternal Audit is one of the fourteen order to have accurate monitoring as well Cost of Electricity as adequate charges to be levelled directly directorates of the DCA, is the aviation IAD discussed with Engineering Services authority responsible for managing the to the tenants. This will result in better I control over consumption of resources. Directorate to generate the electricity operations at the DIA. As part of this team internally through utilising the based organisation, Internal Audit is Irrigation Water infrastructure available. This option was driven by its mission statement to assist The DCA has investigated the feasible and the supply of water and DCA Management and staff in operating consumption rates by meter for irrigation electricity by DEWA will be maintained as Civil Aviation facilities by reaching full and found that 6,000,000 imperial backup. operating potential. One of the Internal barrel/month of water is used for Electricity Charges Audit services was a study preformed on irrigation for 85,000 m2/year landscaping the consumption of water and electricity, projects. To rationalise and record better IAD recommended charging the outlets which is analysed below. consumption rates, the following for their consumption of water and initiatives have been implemented: electricity. The expected outcome is Water and Electricity Consumption Study simultaneous enhancement in the 1. Using sewerage water for irrigation controls over the consumption and The Internal Audit Directorate (IAD) conducted a study on the consumption of water and electricity. This was in order to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of internal controls to overcome excess consumption in which recommendations were presented. The
DCA is ranked as number one customer W
at Dubai Water and Electricity Authority ater andElectricityManagement (DEWA). The scope of the study was conducted from 1998 to 2002 and the areas identified for improvement are as follows: DEWA Meters in Dubai International Airport The IAD discussed with Engineering 32
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A/C Chiller Plant benchmarking exercise with other Trend analysis of the Study international airports or similar industries. Total DCA water and electricity reduction of the monetary burden on A master plan and energy conservation consumption from 1998 to 2002. the DCA. study to be undertaken by Engineering Services and Projects Directorates. A trend analysis for water and electricity consumption for the years 1998 to 2002 Conclusions of the Study The IAD study was conducted through an was completed. In addition, a projection extensive cooperation between the of the consumption for the years from It is essential to increase the environmental 1998 to 2008 was completed. awareness for DCA staff, establish waste Directorates and especially Cleaning and reduction and minimisation plans that will Waste Management Services, Finance, The above graphs illustrate the control the consumption and perform Engineering Services and Projects. consumption of electricity and water over 33 ater and Electricity Management Electricity and ater W Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 37
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Aircraft Washing Activities
the years 1998 to 2002. Between the year The growth rate in energy consumption Overall 1999 and 2002 there has been a significant between the years 2000 to 2005 is steady increase, which is due to the: Overall it is estimated that the energy at approximately 11.5% per year, which is consumption will increase by 395% 1. Expansion of Concourse 1 due to normal annual growth in activity in between the year 1998 and 2008 reflecting W
2. Expansion of Terminal 1 the DIA. It is estimated that a sudden social and economical growth in the ater andElectricityManagement Emirate of Dubai, which would be 3. Expansion of Car Park A increase in consumption from 2005 to strongly supported by developing DIA 2006 equal to 60% will be due to expected 4. Building of Taxiways and Runways infrastructure and associated services. commissioning and operations of on Water and electricity consumption Although these figures illustrate a growth going expansion projects at the DIA. The indicator, the DIA through the IAD is The growth rate in electricity consumption estimated growth rate from 2006 to 2008 between the years 1998 and 2002 was continuously reviewing with other 127% and for the same period water is then expected to level once more to Departments and Directorates methods of consumption was 58%. approximately 7% per year. effective utilisation of resources. 34
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EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
s a service department, the Airport Fire Services (AFS) has A been in operation since the very beginning of airport operations in Dubai, which is now just over 40 years. What started with a two man army door-less pick up vehicle, has now evolved to become one of the most sophisticated airport fire brigades in the world. With the capability to meet and exceed at times the requirements of the ICAO, the AFS employs a total of 160 employees with seven officer and seven deputy officer ranks. The AFS also operate a total of ten fire trucks, of which six are the latest 8x8 Panther type trucks with a monitor reach of 90 m. Three cars are Airport Fire Services Department maintained on stand by for building fires, and seven for aircraft on the airport grounds. 3. Maintenance of all fixed and emergencies at any one time. Two mobile fire equipment and main stations exist on either ends of inspections at the airport Quality and Commitment the airport and with one temporary 4. Investment into high quality station in operation within the air The division is committed to high equipment with the latest show area. standard operations. technologies in the market, with The AFS is also the approval This is achieved by: continued research into new and effective ways to combat any authority for fire protection and 1. Continuous training and prevention in designs of new emergencies that maybe faced assessment buildings as well as modifications in 5. Maintaining a high degree of the DIA. They are also in charge of 2. Fire safety inspections in the emergency preparedness at all all oil and chemical spill operations airport times 35 Emergency Management Emergency Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 39
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Latest type of Fire Tender Fire Simulation Training on approach
6. Involvement in discussions with through training and procurement. The a fire from different locations on the huge other fire brigades around the training facility started operation just over aircraft prop, which operates fully on world on preparedness and other two years ago, and is located on Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG). The technological development issues a100 m x 100 m plot. The facility uses a instructor can simulate different including environmentally friendly gas fired simulation system for live fire development scenarios for training the fire training and combat solutions training exercises using a computer based fire brigade including fire in the fuselage,
logic system for operations. The gas fires engines, wings and other parts of the Emergency Management are smokeless and serve the purpose fully simulator aircraft. Commitment to the Environment with respect to approach, fire fighting and The foam that is used by the Airport Fire The Airport Fire Services Department is cooling manoeuvres. Services Department is the Film Forming dedicated to the preservation and Fluoroprotein (FFFP) type vegetable- enhancement of the environment The system allows the operator to activate based foam type. It is the petro-seal 36
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Fire Fuel LPG supplied by Emirates Gas Engine Fire Water Cooling Simulation
foam, which can be used effectively on from solar heat, the water is collected in a facilities, which use diesel or kerosene hydrocarbon fires. The foam’s stability is separate pit. The water, if found to be based fires and that emit a substantial satisfactory, and although synthetic or suitable (uncontaminated with residues or amount of smoke in a fire exercise. animal-based perform slightly better (in excessive dust and debris) is reused as fire The Gulf Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) terms of maintaining a blanket for water. Contaminated wastewaters are longer at high ambient temperatures), undertakes annual audits of the training removed using an approved waste facility as well as the fire protection the operations management is disposal contractor after the tests have committed to using the most practical capability at DIA. The fire department is been conducted and approvals have been continuously involved in self audits environmentally friendly, biodegradable obtained for licensed disposal through and occupationally safe foams. exploring new effective and Dubai Municipality. environmentally friendly ways of In terms of fire water management, Because LPG is used, there are no improving the level of fire services at although much of the sweet water hydrocarbon contaminations of the the DIA. evaporates during exercises or afterwards wastewater such as with other such 37 Emergency Management Emergency Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 41
STRATEGIC BUSINESS UNITS
DUBAI DUTY FREE
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
enowned for being one of the HSE Compliance and International objective of the policy and procedures is finest Airport Duty Free Certification to create and maintain a safe and R facilities in the world, Dubai Dubai Duty Free’s HSE Management environmentally friendly environment Duty Free has come a very long way System is in compliance with the for employees, customers and in a matter of a few years in requirement of the International neighbours. providing some of the finest services Standardisation Organisation’s ISO The company’s commitment is to and products. It is committed to 14001:1996 and Occupational Health continual improvement and the reducing environmental, health and and Safety Assurance System OSHAS Integrated Management System forms a safety risks associated with retail and 18001:1999 in which the overall vital part its core business values. In fact, warehousing operations. This is embodied in its HSE Policy, which is the cornerstone document in its Integrated HSE Management System. In relation to purchasing, the company will not purchase products which: 1. Are considered to be environmentally damaging in terms of their use or disposal 2. Are derived from species listed in the CITES Convention 3. Do not meet UAE Environmental Protection and Safety Section (EPSS) guidelines, in particular CE marking of toys The company reserves the right to seek verification from suppliers in relation to any issues arising from environmental or health and safety Dubai DutyFree concerns. 38
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Environment and Safety issues are with the achievement of these overall Paper Consumption integrated into other parts of the objectives. Paper consumption has increased from business such as the Purchasing Policy, In line with the ISO 14001 requirements, DDF 1997 to 2003 at an average rate of which enjoys recognition of the HSE has been collecting information about 18.3% per annum with a peak of 53% responsibilities to both customers and the consumption of paper, plastic bags, increase in the year 2000 with the staff and their protection. Dubai Duty electricity and water. DDF has also opening of the new concourse. This is Free is one of the most prominent implemented a supportive program of compared to an average increase in Strategic Business Partners of DCA in the training to ensure effective compliance sales of 16.3% per year in the same Dubai International Airport and of all employees. reporting period. The maximum sales recognises its duties in the preservation and enhancement of the environment. The integrated policy objectives of the company are as follows: 1. Ensuring that risks are identified and controlled so that employees and others can be protected from danger 2. Ensuring that environmental impacts are minimised and controlled 3. Ensuring that compliance with all relevant UAE health and safety and environmental legislation is achieved as a minimum 4. Ensuring that the products and services provided meet and indeed exceed the expectations of their customers The company will set and monitor specific improvement objectives to assist 39 Dubai Duty Free Duty Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 43
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increase was in 2003 where an increase increase regardless of increases in sales. of 27% is recorded. They achieved this with a negligible 0.82% increase in consumption. They have also, in the last three years, Plastic Bags monitored the use of plastic bags more Consumption of plastic bags has been closely, implemented a plastic bottle recorded for about eight years and sleeve initiative to avoid having to use a there has been a relatively stable separate bag for each bottle, and increase of total tonnage consumption reduced by negotiation with the of 321.7 to 323.9 to 326.58 tonnes for manufacturer the thickness of each the years 2001, 2002 and 2003 plastic bag in addition to the use of the respectively. To explain this better, the size most appropriate to the product. tonnage of the sizes 45x55 and above used in 2003, for instance, was 161.2 H.H. Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al tonnes corresponding to 49% of the Maktoum, President of the DCA Vehicle Management and Fuel total consumed. However, by inagurates the Dubai Duty Free recycling Consumption comparison, in 2001, the consumption compound in 2000 The DDF fleet consists of 26 Vehicles of of those sizes was 198.6 tonnes which 18 are company vehicles and 8 equivalent to 62% in an approximation a better biodegradable option to the Heavy Goods Vehicles/Trucks. These there has been also increased sales in plastic bags but found that plastic bags vehicles are employed in the service of the more recent years with the Duty are more robust and found to be used DDF for pick-up and delivery of goods Free Arrival Sales increasing significantly and reused by passengers around the and products as well as the transport of to 7.88% from 2% since 1999 due to the world and are therefore more practical company executives. The fuel increased product range made available. for use in travel. The Management of consumption has increased peaking The distribution of consumed bags in DDF also looked at other alternatives especially in 2001 and 2002 for petrol. terms of sizes is much better in 2003 but they have also had some difficulties Diesel consumption has steadily where a plastic bag size closest to the as they were bound to what the market increased at an average rate of 16.6% product size was used reducing the could provide from alternative products. per annum with a maximum recorded actual wastageof unutilised material in In fact, one of the objectives and targets between 1998 and 1999 where an effect. Dubai DutyFree for 2003 has been to at least keep the increase of nearly 32% is noted when In fact Dubai Duty Free has investigated consumption of plastic bags to a DDF moved from air-side to landside in recent years the use of paper bags as minimum and stable with no real thus increasing the average travel 40
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environmental event per year. DDF has been active with participation during the DIA Environment Week and has trained many of its staff on Environmental Awareness programs. This is in addition to the sponsorship of the Kids Eco-Garden, which is set up every year at the Aviation Club during Dubai Tennis Championships. The Garden has a very strong environmental theme for children. In 2004, Emirates Diving Association (EDA) a Dubai based Environmental NGO carried out a Reef Monitoring Project in collaboration with United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Reef check, which was funded by distance of the vehicles. Along with this competent, committed and satisfied Dubai Duty Free. between the year 2000 and 2001, Total employees are fundamental to the As part of the Environment Week Sales Gross value increased by 9.8%, company’s success and are a prerequisite contribution in 2003, DDF developed a then between 2001 and 2002 another for successful implementation of children’s colouring book and some gifts 17.2%, and finally between 2002 and environmental protection initiatives. promoting the environmental image 2003 it became 23.4% totalling by the Employees are expected to ‘buy-in’ to within the airport. Also, the direct and end of 2003 1,325,227,773 AED. The maintaining and improving the senior involvement of the HSE Assistant increase in fuel consumption is very environment. Consequently, staff Manager for DDF in leading the DCA much related to this increase in business education and ongoing training have a Environment Team, which was recently turnover values. high priority. One of the key objectives formed, further confirms that of the DDF Management is to increase commitment of time and effort. The Information, Training and environmental awareness locally Team deals with issues such as Awareness Building through the DDF Environmental Award, developing the image of the airport and Dubai Duty Free believes that and sponsorship of at least one trying to address issues of common 41 Dubai Duty Free Duty Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 45
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Environment Week at DIA interest and initiatives that can reduce legislation as well as many others. In June 2004, there were 1215 environmental impacts in the airport The Environmental Award is audited staff members working for the DDF activities. by a third party auditor. operation. The increase in sales and Dedicated to improving supplier As per the certification requirements operations has warranted a significant environmental performance, a biannual and the commitment of the DDF growth in employee numbers, and DDF Environment Award was launched in Management, all staff at all levels of the continue to develop and grow in an 2001 where suppliers were asked to organisation undergo an induction environmentally sustainable manner. describe and present examples of their training on HSE and an annual active and genuine commitment to the refresher training which give them the environment. The Award requirements basics of HSE best practice in their areas of work. DDF has been growing very fast include staff training and awareness Dubai DutyFree building, recycling practices employed and the staff numbers have increased and compliance to environmental from 662 in 1997 to 1065 in 2003. 42
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DUBAI CARGO VILLAGE
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ubai Cargo Village (DCV) is increasing as the business in Dubai currently located adjacent to the blooms. DDIA. DCV operations started in The DCV is considered as one of the 1991, where at the time it lifted exports most prominent Strategic Business and discharged imports totalling Partners of the DCA Authority 34,604.66 tonnes of goods. By the end occupying a storage area of 4,985 m2 for of 2002, that figure had grown to 763, the cargo building, 8,300 m2 for cargo 936.45 tonnes, which corresponds to a handling and approximately 7,800 m2 22 times growth volume in a matter of for storage of capacity up to 7,420 25 years with the growth rates tonnes. In addition, the office space for
the management and cargo agencies is approximately 7,800 m2. The DCV has special areas for handling valuables, live animals, perishables and appropriate security sections for explosives, radioactive material and other dangerous and hazardous goods. The warehousing includes 308 ULDs, as well as racks for small, medium and large warehouse pallets. There are a total of 56 truck docks in addition to seven docks solely reserved for sea-air cargos. Arial View of DCV In addition to this, Emirates Sky Cargo 43 Dubai Cargo Village Cargo Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 47
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operates in the same area, which appreciation as the best participants. The award objectives are as follows: includes 5,437 m2 handling area, 1,862 Further improvements and development 2 2 1. To promote environmental m of office space area and 3,100 m of to the criteria are expected for awareness storage area. This area has an annual Environmental Awareness Award 2005. throughput of some 350,000 tonnes and 2. To identify environmental risks On June 5 DCV announced a new award, caused by man or nature handles all sorts of cargos from small “DCV Award for Individual Efforts in parcels to heavy duty cargo. Environment Protection”, which was 3. To create positive social trends created for individuals who have and values Environmental and Community contributed to the protection of the 4. To encourage environmentally Activities environment and who have moved the active individuals by rewarding process of sustainable development. The their efforts Environmentally, Dubai Cargo Village award covers efforts of individuals who 5. To encourage members of society has been very active especially in more have worked on a volunteer basis and to volunteer as members in recent years where it has created the individuals whose scientific, technological socially active organisations annual Environment Awareness Award. and academic research have left their The Award was introduced firstly in mark on the field of environmental 6. To collaborate with international 2001 in an effort to encourage more science. Such efforts and contributions efforts by applying the concept of socially responsible environment, health should be rewarded and disseminated ‘Think Globally, Act Locally” and safety performance in all to benefit society as a whole. 7. To instill a sense of responsibility organisations in the DCV. The award encourages sound environmental practices such as “reduce, reuse and recycle” programs. The award itself is based on four standards that include cleanliness, recycling practices, anti- smoking and environmental awareness. The prize is composed of a trophy and cash prize. In 2004, FedEx emerged as Dubai CargoVillage the winner, and Airlink International and Gulf Agency received certificates of 44
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towards environmental protection, there are initiatives that the DCV especially among the youth Management are working on. The award is undertaken every two years and both cash and trophies are Effective Work Practices, Local and awarded to winners of this International Certifications prestigious award. All registration is done on-line. There is a small number of staff that operates within the Management of In addition to this, the DCV has one DCV. The office produces much paper representative in the DCA Environment waste but nevertheless recycles every Team, which is a strategic environmental last piece of paper. A designated box is work group made up of different SBPU kept at every work-station and the and DCA Department representatives. employee participation is encouraged The DCV also has a paper recycling by involving staff in the production of Recycling practices are emphasised program within its office operations and through Signage in-house posters and reminders. DCV is looking into the implementation of EMS with the possibility of International Certification in the future. DCV Management believes in implementation of effective management systems for all those operating within the DCV in order to implement certification.
Operations and Future Expansion There are a great number of landscaping projects that are taking place in the DCV New Cargo Village (artist’s impression) 45 Dubai Cargo Village Cargo Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 49
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areas, and cleanliness is the airport’s are assessing the impacts of these account during the design phases main priority. In-line with the plans for developments of the cargo traffic, methods of energy saving, water continuous improvements, DCV is airport operations and the environment. conservation, improved landscaping and revising and refining its extensive The new terminal shall be built with general environmental management. expansion plan. The plans are discussed improvements not only to the design with the DCA Engineering Teams who and capacity, but it shall also take into Dubai CargoVillage
Loading / Unloading Cargo Bays Emirates Sky Cargo are major tenants of the Cargo Village 46
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STRATEGIC PARTNERS
DUBAI AIRPORT FREE ZONE AUTHORITY
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ubai Airport Free Zone Authority (DAFZA) was established in 1996 Das an important operational area within the airport. It currently occupies 25,703 m2 of leasable office space area, out of 204,732 m2. The total land area available for development is 368,434 m2 out of 700,000 m2 of total Free Zone property. At present DAFZA accommodates some 393 companies. The nature of the business operations within the Free Zone is very diverse including jewellery, aerospace / aviation, engineering building materials, IT related Industry, telecommunications, consultancies, Logistics, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, oil and gas, media and advertising, clothing and footwear along with many others. Entrance of Dubai International Airport Free Zone The Dubai Airport Free Zone Authority (DAFZA) employs a total of 79 staff, HSE Compliance and International total quality management system for which constitutes 3.5% of all the staff Certification the business. This certificate of quality operating within the FZ from other was first obtained three years into DAFZA Management System is in operations in 1999. Although not companies who account for 2236 compliance with the International certified to any Environmental or Health persons. The growth in FZ companies Standardisation Organisation’s ISO and Safety Standard, FZ has started operating has increased from 331 to 9001:2000 requirements in which the implementing basic and reasonable 393 registered companies from overall objective of the policy and environmental actions such as in energy December 2003 to June 2004. procedures is to create and maintain a and water consumption, using 47 Dubai Airport Free Zone Authority Zone Free Airport Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 51
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environmentally friendly gases, waste 4. Asbestos and lead works generation and disposal practices. These 5. Mineral works, large boilers and concepts are being developed further for the future. furnaces 6. Iron and steel works, foundries Building and Planning Regulations 7. Cement works DAFZA Regulations for building and 8. Petroleum works and refineries planning cover all the procedures for 9. Any other industrial processes development, including building permits, that may generate liquid toxic waste, construction procedures, and alterations or any other hazardous emissions to rebuilt units and building completion that may cause great harm to certificates. The general planning the community regulations cover the plot coverage, building set backs and height, provision In addition to this, the planning of parking, loading and unloading regulations encourage landscaping facilities, fencing and site landscaping projects in areas where tenants and the external appearance of occupy and have standards and buildings. Performance Standards also schemes for colour coordination such govern the provision of utility services, as choice of colour of interlocked rainwater drainage and refuse disposal areas. as well as the design of buildings The Management of DAFZA has a including Structure, Materials and strategic plan to implement the concepts Finishes, Mechanical, Electrical and and procedures of EMS and qualify for Dubai AirportFreeZoneAuthority Telephone Installations. Clear definitions not permitted: certification to the ISO 14000 system. In are also given for hazardous materials any case, the development, planning management in the DAFZA area. 1. Chemical fertilisers and chemical rules and regulations strategically only incineration works DAFZA is intended for light, clean and allow for light and clean secondary and non-polluting industries as well as 2. Ammonia and Sulphuric acid tertiary type industries. The DAFZA works warehousing and office developments. Authority relies on good citizenship and The following industries are therefore 3. Chlorine and Hydrochloric acid works supports all clients in the FZ with 48
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technical advice especially in the field of system using energy-saving type waste management. In addition to this, compact fluorescent lamps DAFZA strongly encourages landscaping 3. The pumps and air handling units, in client company plots and undertakes a which are used, operate with a great deal of landscaping and variable frequency drive beautification of the general FZ areas. It is worthy to note that the current operating 2450 tonne chiller plant Energy Consumption Management supplies cool air to the main office Although the DAFZA Management is complex for central A/C system, which uses only the environmentally friendly 134-a type gas. The use of other gases, Environmental friendly A/C unless for very small cooling units in the DAFZA Area, is prohibited. compressor gas cylinder tag
not certified to any environmental Water Consumption Management practice standard, it is deeply aware of good sound energy management DAFZA has consumed a total of practices, which has been already 129,382,354.90 litres of water in 2003, implemented. The following points are an average of between 10 to 11 million some of the practices that have been litres of water per month. Compared to implemented since inception of the the consumption in 2001 and 2002, area, in addition to their maintenance water consumption was 70,777,855 litres and engineering services: in 2001; 121,023,299 litres in 2002 and 129,382,354 litres in 2003. This is an 1. The use of 600x600 light increase of 70.9% from 2001 to 2002 fittings with a high frequency and then a further increase of 6.5% in electron ballast, which is the years 2002 to 2003. The increase considered an energy saving was attributed to the huge expansion device A view from inside the 2 KT+ that the DAFZA has seen in that period Chiller Plant in DAFZA 2. The implementation of a down-light in its operations. 49 Dubai Airport Free Zone Authority Zone Free Airport Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 53
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The irrigation system water consumption from August to December 2003 is approximately 3,384,403 litres and the green landscape area has grown from 12,000 m2 to 14, 000 m2 from 2001 to 2003. The promotion of water efficient equipment or procedures implemented to date include the use of cartridges in the mixer type taps in wash basins for increased water saving. This is in addition to the implementation of the standard automatic 1.6 IG flush in the W/C systems and dual flushing mechanism 3.0/6.0 litres for manual flushing in the W/C system to reduce water wastage from toilets. There is a system in place although not yet documented to look at water reuse and water usage reduction options. Collection of cargo plastic packaging to be recycled
Waste Generation and Disposal In 2003, based on estimated values, the responsible for removal of the same. monthly waste generation rate is 608 m3 The technical department is also Dubai AirportFreeZoneAuthority The DAFZA manages many of the waste 3 management contracts with waste or 7296 m per year. The main responsible for all waste collection, be it constituents of such wastes include for re-use or recycling. Tenants also management companies. They operate office wastes, including paper and food employ waste management contractors some five skips with a total waste 3 wastes in addition to some maintenance to collect waste. holding capacity of 66 m . related wastes. For engineering works DAFZA manages a contract with a waste The operating companies also operate the construction type waste for some twelve skips with a total holding modifications and small projects is not recycling company for the removal and 3 capacity of 71 m in their areas. accounted for as the contactors are recycling of waste paper and cartons on 50
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Municipality landfill and incineration facility in Jebel Ali under the approval and supervision of the concerned departments in DAFZA to ensure proper disposal practices are adhered to. With respect to hazardous wastes, a disc manufacturing company produces some related hazardous wastes and these are removed on a periodic basis through using dedicated skips approximately every two months.
Housekeeping Practices Housekeeping practices are aimed to keeping the area clean and tidy, DAFZA is fully responsible for the maintenance and cleaning of common areas and the offices within the complex, and general Cardboard boxes being packed ready for recycle collection areas of the DAFZA including building exteriors, roads, parking, loading areas an annual basis. The approximate For newspapers collection there are and pavements. All warehouses’ amount of waste paper generated and special bins placed in different locations cleaning is the responsibility of the removed was about 300 kg and this of the office buildings. tenants and inspections are undertaken amount is expected to rise with the It is to be noted that DAFZA implements periodically to ensure clean and increased business and segregation strict standards for the segregation of environmentally sound practices are in methodologies planned for place. These housekeeping practices also domestic and industrial non-hazardous implementation. Dnata also operates include the implementation of waste waste for collection. All hazardous type offices within the DAFZA area and they management systems, hygiene and pest wastes are disposed of by the client also produces waste, which is recycled control services throughout the FZ. companies directly to the Dubai with a specialist waste recycle company. 51 Dubai Airport Free Zone Authority Zone Free Airport Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 55
EK GROUP a. EMIRATES FLIGHT CATERING COMPANY LLC (EKFC)
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
reviously known as the Emirates quality and service excellence, catering, Environmental and Community Activities quality, long haul logistics and Abela Catering Company, Emirates Environmentally, the Emirates Flight outstanding support awards have been PFlight Catering Company (EKFC) is a Catering Company, has been very active granted since 1979 to date in 3160-employee strong organisation in especially in more recent years. EKFC is a recognition of the quality of service. the production and supply of in-flight member of the Emirates Environmental meals and associated services. The In addition to this, the EKFC follows the Group (EEG), which is a Non- activities include: International Flight Catering Association Governmental Organisation (NGO) that 1. Catering Full Range of Flight Meal (IFCA) Food Safety Guidelines and works towards improving Services implement as far as reasonably environmental awareness in the 2. Duty Free Sales Handling practicable follows the Hazard Analysis community. EKFC has actively Critical Control Point (HACCP) concepts participated in the Dnata “Clean up the 3. Bonded and Dry Store Supply and and principles. World” Campaign in 2003. The EKFC has Service strongly supported the Higher Colleges The company has also implemented a 4. Equipment Handling of Technology, Dubai Men’s College, Safety Policy and a fully integrated through participation in their work 5. Passenger Amenities Health and Safety Program is in place placement program related to 6. On-premise 24 hours Laundry covering policies, training program, Environmental Health Inspection by Service reporting and investigation, hazard having a permanent and active member
communication, ramp safety, housekeeping Emirates FlightCateringCompanyLLC(EKFC) 7. Reading Material Supply and on the Board of Advisors on the and laboratory safety as well as others. Distribution Technical Environmental Health All the chemicals used in the Catering EKFC has obtained certification to ISO Inspection Program. They have also Companies Processes are identified as 9001:2000 in all areas including In-flight offered work placement opportunities hazardous, toxic, flammable and Catering, F and B section and for Le for the development of students in Chocolat. They have been awarded the corrosive and appropriate handling practical work assignments. procedures have been developed for Dubai Quality Award twice, firstly in EKFC is also involved in the Charity 1996 and again in 2002, for their Service handling the same. “Iron Man” Competition, which is Sector. It has recently received a four star Moreover, the EKFC has received taking place in Australia. More rating out of five in the international 4 out of 5 star award rating from an projects for the year 2004 are best practice Safety Management planned for recycling and cleaning System-Safety Projects International Inc.. external safety management system up the beach as well as other such In addition to this, 33 various awards of audit in October 2003. 52
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projects. In the recent Can Collection and obviously the saving in water limitations of re-use, food wastes are Campaign, organised by the EEG, heating, pump consumables and compacted in a high pressure press EKFC took the top spot out of the maintenance of this waste transfer compactor to reduce space occupancy in companies that participated. system. A total cost saving in operating the skips to maximise tonnage per trip, of some 70% is expected with this thus saving on transportation fuel, and implementation. Furthermore, the so reducing emissions into the Waste Management leached contaminated water will not be environment. Cardboard and oily wastes Although there is no formalised and generated as it is as present, even if it is are removed and recycled and separated waste management policy in being recycled. eventually reused. place at EKFC, a waste management There are different wastes that are For waste oil about 800 to 1000 litres of program has been implemented and generated and segregated such a paper- mixture of oil and water from the comprises collection, segregation, based (mainly cardboard packaging), grease traps is collected on a weekly compacting and disposal of all industrial waste oil and other food related wastes. basis. Another 600 litres approximately waste in a professionally contracted In fact, all perishable products are of waste cooking oil is collected in method. The waste management area is disposed of through a trash compactor. separate drums on a weekly basis as situated adjacent to the ware-wash. This For reasons related to hygiene and well. There are dedicated storage areas ensures that the activity is carried out at a safe distance from all areas involved in food production, which is an important environmental health precaution. Although the system employed for the segregation and transfer of the waste is a water stream system, there is a new system to be implemented into the new building, which will be a completely closed vacuum system. This system will improve air quality within the operating area for offensive odours, be a substantial energy saving due to reduced power consumption from water Wastes being lifted into the Oily water from grease traps pumps delivering high heads required solid waste compactor collection for recycle area 53 Emirates Flight Catering Company LLC (EKFC) LLC Company Catering Flight Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 57
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for these drums, which contain the oily wastes. Currently, EKFC segregates paper, oils and food industry waste. However, consideration is now being given to widening the scope of the segregation process to cover more elements in that accumulated waste. There are plans for instance, if feasible, and if the recycling facilities exist, to segregate metallic wastes such as cans. Managing the waste management contractor is very important, and in EKFC the contractual conditions carefully refer to local rules and regulations governing waste management practices by Dubai Municipality, which is the local environmental governing authority.
Such contractual conditions include: Emirates FlightCateringCompanyLLC(EKFC) situation as it was before the which have been written-off beyond 1. All testing of waste oils is to be spill economical repairs and/or does not completed at a regulator approved meet the increasing operational and competent laboratory 4. The contractor brings in the collection drums in which the requirements and sold to the highest 2. All waste removed shall be waste oil and oily waste are bidders who refurbish and employ in disposed of in a site as approved contained and removes them from reuse. This equipment, even if by the regulator, and the the site. The contractor is to completely out of order, will be sold off contractor is held liable for any ensure that the drums are in good as scrap material for reuse. breach in this regards condition and are free of defect Tendering has taken place and 3. The contractor is responsible for that may give rise to a leak or negotiations with respect to the sale of any spills that may occur whilst otherwise paper and cardboard wastes for performing their services. A clean A major auction is undertaken for the recycling. The monthly average sales for up is expected to return the sale of operating catering equipment, the disposal of empty cartons are 54
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approximately 34,997 kg/month. EKFC, actually generates a revenue of about 35, 000 USD per year from the sale of paper waste and thus that revenue supports the development and waste management systems within the operating areas. The maximum recorded in 2003 has been during the month of December where 49, 300 kg was generated for sale, which is 41% of the monthly average. The graph shows the trend, which is definitely seasonal with peaks around August and December of the year. This is expected with the holiday seasons being busy times for the airport.
Water Management Timer-based Knee-operated hand Precision Detergent Dosing System Due to the nature of EKFC, water is very important. In fact, as EKFC is in the wash basins that prevents any wastage business of laundry as well, water is a come in and test the wastewater and high consumption item. It is estimated or facilities on the EKFC site and all drains lead straight to the Municipal they are the only party at this time who that 25,000 gallons of water are used per actually undertakes wastewater testing. day of which 5% is recycled in first-wash wastewater drainage system. This laundry operations through using includes water from washing, grease There are various initiatives, which have advanced technology, the MIEKO dish trap wastewater after removal of the added to reduced rates of water washers and waste separator system recoverable oils as well as domestic consumption and are also improving or installed. A total of 71, 864, 867 gallons (sewage) wastewaters. The EKFC abide maintaining the level of hygiene. Such of water was consumed in the year 2003. strictly to the wastewater disposal initiatives have been the recycling of all standards as prescribed by the Dubai water streams in the waste management There is no wastewater treatment plant Municipality who reserves the right to area, auto shut-off knee-operated wash 55 Emirates Flight Catering Company LLC (EKFC) LLC Company Catering Flight Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 59
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basins, which are a mechanical timer consume the remaining 49%. 5. Water cooling systems have been implemented instead of air cooling based operating systems and eject water Various active and effective methods for between 5 to 15 seconds only and systems in the cooling towers of have been employed in the reduction of ice machines contributing a 50% then have to be reactivated. This energy consumption, such as: initiative was implemented in late 2001 reduction in power consumption and has an advantage of improving the 1. The replacement of kitchen hoods This is just a simple list but there are also hygiene issues in food preparation to double skin ventilation hoods, other programs being investigated by where the workers do not use their which are based on the the engineering team. manufacturers’ recommendations, hands that may be contaminated on any will reduce the exhaust of cool air Although not implemented due to the faucets. The Company has also invested generated by the A/C systems lack of technical support and in highly efficient 150 kg washing in the cooking areas. This is equipment spares availability reasons machines which are fully automatic currently in full implementation in the UAE at present, a study was except for front-loading and unloading commissioned to explore alternative of material. The system works on a 2. All lighting and non-critical electrical and electronic energy source systems for water heating precision dosing system using a dosing- equipment are switched off during in 2001. This study focused on the use of pump system in which no excess or non-office hours in the solar powered clarifiers for water wasted chemicals are added to the administration section of the heating. laundry processes. building. This has not only reduced power consumption but also increased the life-span of Indoor Environmental Air Quality Emirates FlightCateringCompanyLLC(EKFC) Energy Management electrical bulbs in lighting fixtures Indoor air quality is monitored on a Although there are no written policies 3. New controllers used in chillers quarterly basis. This has only been on Energy Management, there are many and cold store rooms where the implemented at the beginning of the year practices which are being implemented equipment now works on a 2002. Reports are generated by a in all areas of operation. In 2003, the rotational basis between the specialised third party on a quarterly total consumed power was 30,248,817 chiller units. This has accounted basis. The office areas are maintained at kWh and this includes all power used. It for a 25% decrease in energy 23°C and the food preparation areas are is estimated that the Air Conditioning consumption and increased the generally between 20 to 22°C. Some areas Systems (A/C) consume at least 50% of life-span of the consumables such as the cool stores are even colder and this power where as lighting consumes and the machines in general employees are given jackets to about 1% by approximation and heating, 4. Utilisation of six capacitor maintain their body temperature as refrigeration and cooking systems banksin three low voltage rooms a safety requirement. 56
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There is a strict non-smoking policy in the friendly gas. The engineering department ensure they are clean and a full medical whole building including the has also had great challenges in this screening is undertaken on an annual administration offices. Smoking is not respect as the temperature changes in basis and whenever operating staff return permitted except in a designated area Dubai especially during the summer from leave. Again, knee operated water outside the vicinity of the building. months May and September where the wash systems are employed in the Ventilation systems are employed in the temperature and humidity are high. The bathrooms. All cleaning chemicals used kitchens through the new double-skin newer systems that are using more are stored and maintained under safe exhaust hoods, vapour exhausts from environmentally friendly gases do not at custody under standard room both the dish washers and steam present achieve the performance required temperature conditions. generators in addition to the basic to maintain the temperature and process In addition to this, basic risk assessments building ventilation systems. Specially parameters. It is expected that this will are undertaken for core operational and designed plastic type separation curtains improve in the next few years and the non-core activities. The maintenance of are used between areas to maintain air market technology will be able to meet life saving equipment and systems quality and temperature. There are, in the requirements of this challenge, which is employed through trained dedicated some of the critical areas, air curtains and is not faced in Europe where most of the security personnel, an approved insect-terminator lights, which are research has taken place to phase-out contractor which certifies fire fighting maintained and used to eliminate any Freon based compressor gases. equipment and the members of the EKFC airborne insect intrusion. Automatic Air- safety committee also, as part of their freshener Dispensers are used in the office commitments, undertake monthly safety corridor and washrooms. Housekeeping, Fire Fighting, Pest audits. Non-Halon-based/type fire With respect to refrigeration, heating and Control and Janitorial Services suppression systems are employed. A/C systems that are operating in cold With respect to a clean working rooms, refrigeration units, blast chillers environment, the EKFC is committed to air-conditioning units around the whole maintaining a very clean environment for Vehicle Management complex, electric steam generators, its employees. As part of this commitment, There are a total of 54 high-loader electric calorifiers, water boilers and hourly checks are undertaken around the vehicles used for the transport of the food cooking ranges, the compressor gases areas on a 24-hour basis to check on the and storage equipment to and from the range from R22-type, Freon 12, 504, 404 cleanliness of operating areas, rest areas aircraft. These are temperature controlled and 134a. Although, at present, they are and the toilet facilities. All staff within the vehicles that use environmentally friendly not all environmentally friendly, the policy operating shop floor areas must wear compressor gas 134a. Another 47 smaller is in place so that no new equipment is uniforms and net-type food preparation vehicles comprising of pick-up trucks, vans installed unless it uses an environmentally hats. There is an inspection on workers to and saloon cars are used. The total fleet 57 Emirates Flight Catering Company LLC (EKFC) LLC Company Catering Flight Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 61
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vehicle emissions as well as washing and complete maintenance of the vehicles is undertaken on the fleet by EKFC directly, it is subcontracted to the Dnata service centre in the DIA grounds. The light vehicles are maintained by the vehicle rental company they are leased from.
Past Statistical Performance Future Environmental Outlook The performance of the EKFC can be said to be improving with regard to the efficiency of resources management. The ratios calculated for energy, water and petrol show reductions from 2.72 to 2.43 kWh per meal, 7.58 to 6.72 gallons of water per meal produced and a Emirates FlightCateringCompanyLLC(EKFC) consumed about 152, 400 and 82, 800 consumption drop from 0.004 to 0.0031 gallons of petrol and diesel respectively in gallons of petrol per meal produced. 2003. Other equipment such as mobile Diesel consumption had increased from lifting units, and cherry pickers, which are 0.0062 to 0.0086 gallons consumed per electrically operated, are used for cleaning meal produced. These statistics were and maintenance. It is worthy to note that taken from 2001 to 2002, and reflect a strict search on the vehicles is percentage variations of -11.7, -12.8 and - undertaken by a dedicated Dubai Police 25.7% consumption rates for energy, Team at the EKFC operating battery limit water and petrol consumption as vehicles leave and return from the respectively. The trucks, used today, concourse. consume more diesel than petrol. This Although no direct monitoring of explains the approximate 26% increase in 58
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diesel consumption per meal served. located within the DIA premises. With the grass-roots to cater for additional space These values are given in the shown increased business and pressure, which requirements. As such the drainage graph. the EKFC faced in the fast growth in the systems, A/C and refrigeration systems, Currently, the EKFC is finalising the design last five to ten years, the new facility is lighting fixtures, insulation as well as for the new EKFC centre which will be being constructed and engineered to deal many other aspects are being addressed with all the environmental issues from for implementation by a dedicated group of engineers. The installation of more environmentally friendly systems such as the dry waste vacuum management systems, energy saving devices and protocols for cooling systems, lighting fixtures and air conditioning are being implemented as part of the engineering teams remit. This project is expected to be finished in the last quarter of 2005 and a full environmental monitoring program will be provided for the facility before commissioning. This is planned to be later integrated with the current operating and third party certified Total Quality Management System (TQMS) and Health and Safety Management Systems (HSMS).
59 Emirates Flight Catering Company LLC (EKFC) LLC Company Catering Flight Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 63
b EMIRATES AIRLINES ENGINEERING
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
stablished in 1985, the Dubai-based Emirates Airlines is one of the Efastest growing airlines in the world and has received more than 250 international awards for excellence since its launch. The Emirates fleet is constantly being upgraded to keep it one of the youngest in the skies. After recent additions, the Airline has now an extensive fleet of over 56 aircraft, which includes 29 Airbus A330-200, nine Boeing 777, and 12 larger 300-series Boeing 777 aircrafts. As an indication of future growth, Emirates announced the biggest order of new aircraft in civil aviation history, worth 19 billion USD, at the Paris Air Show 2003.
Emirates Engineering Centre
The Emirates Engineering Centre is one a reputation as a leader in aircraft of the world's most technologically maintenance. advanced aircraft maintenance facilities. In-depth support departments and
extensive stock levels serve the Commitment to Health, Safety and Emirates AirlinesEngineering expanding fleet of Airbus and Boeing Environment aircrafts and over 45 other airlines The Emirates Group is committed to through third party maintenance Heath, Safety and Environment, which is contracts. An uncompromising clearly reflected in the Group’s Policy: commitment to quality and superior “The Group’s willingness to support the level of safety has helped Emirates earn Engine Inspections objective of the Safety Corporate Values 60
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and continues the development of our 8. A need to openly disseminate safety unsafe conditions and practices safety culture, which is demonstrated by related information, and provide 10. Vigilant application by each its investment in people, facilities and two-way communication channels individual in conducting their equipment. The complete manifestation between management and personnel duties, adhering to standard of our safety culture requires: 9. Enlisting the support of all personnel operating procedures and 1. Management commitment to the in developing solutions to eliminate regulatory requirements establishment and maintenance of safe workplaces and practices 2. Setting goals based on safety enhancement and accident prevention strategies 3. The inclusion of safety and risk considerations into business developments and operational changes 4. The proactive incorporation of safety principles and controls into standard operating procedures 5. Personnel to be provided with the necessary skills through training to ensure they maintain the required competencies 6. Through education, develop awareness to ensure personnel have a common understanding of safety and the nature of hazards 7. The promotion of reporting incidents/accidents and potential hazards on a non-punitive basis Emirates Airlines Engineering Hangars 61 Emirates Airlines Engineering Airlines Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 65
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The safety of our customers, staff, assets Group’s Risk Management Model k. Performance Management and business is reliant upon every 6. The Role of the Group Safety within l. Procurement (Goods and Services) individual within the Emirates Group, the ISMS without exception. m. Business Partnerships 7. Risk definition and Classification This policy has been effectively communicated through the Group’s 8. The Core Elements of the ISMS: Each element has a goal, a set of key Integrated Safety Management System a. Leadership and Vigilance performance indicators and key safety manual (ISMS), which includes the b. Planning benefits. following elements: c. Standard Operating Procedures Based on these principles, the Emirates 1. Safety Policy d. Safety Communication and Engineering team has set up their 2. Penalty-Free Safety Reporting Awareness Standard Operating Procedures. Policy e. Safety Reporting The Engineering Procedures Manual 3. Introduction, which focuses on the f. Training includes procedures covering General, Regulatory Compliance and the g. Incident/Accident Investigation Organisation, Quality Assurance, definition of the ISMS, the need Maintenance, Airworthiness, Inspections, for ISMS and the Benefits of the ISMS h. Safety Inspections and Audits Inventory Control, Aircraft Ground 4. The Corporate Safety Beliefs i. Hazard Management Handling and Communications. 5. Priority of Safety Controls and j. Risk Management As part of their commitment to Emirates AirlinesEngineering
Vehicle Washing Bay using grey water Wastewater Treatment Plant Liquid wastewater is stored in underground/surface containment tanks 62
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performance in an environmentally Waste oil is sold to recycling companies. skips and where appropriate contractor- sound manner, specific detailed The quantities generated are operated compactor on site is used to procedures are issued covering: approximately 20, 000 gallons per month. ensure that the waste is compacted for transportation. It is estimated that ten full 1. Oil and Chemical Spills loads of waste are generated per month. Solid Waste Management 2. Fuel Tank Entry Procedures Typically in one month about 9000 kg of 3. Emergency Response Procedures In terms of Waste Management, a waste wood, 2400 kg of waste cardboard for environmental emissions specialised set of contractors, who are and 2000 kg of waste metal are certified to deal with hazardous and generated. These are disposed of 4. Hazard Prevention general waste, are employed to deal with through sale to waste recycling 5. Safety Equipment all the waste management on site. Waste companies. A total of 375 m3 worth of segregation is undertaken through using non-hazardous solid waste is transported 6. Personnel Protection including specialised bin and containers, which are off-site per month. aspects covering Occupational and colour coded as part of a “segregation at Public Environmental Health source” practice. The waste is collected in
Environmental Practices on-site Water Management is very critical to the engineering services centre where water recycling is undertaken. An online oil-water separator system exists with a wastewater treatment plant which is operated by a technician on site. The recycled water, which can be considered grey water, is used for secondary washing of parts and within the engineering works. All the vehicles operated by the Engineering Services Division are cleaned using grey water and all drainage re-enters the wastewater treatment plant. The treatment plant Waste Compactor on site All wastes are collected in secured 3 currently treats some 80 m of sewage on mobile waste bins, which are a daily basis. emptied every day 63 Emirates Airlines Engineering Airlines Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 67
C. DNATA AIRPORT SERVICES
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he management of Dnata Environmental Management System Airport Services is extremely includes Dnata Technical Services T challenging given the double activities such as lubrication, oil changes, digit growth the division has been aircraft cabin cleaning and external experiencing over the years. The washing. The environmental ground handling arm of the Emirates management system also addresses Group, Dnata handled 143,726 concerns related to fuel consumption. scheduled and non-scheduled Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) aircraft in 2002 and 163,058 aircraft has a fuel depot at Dnata Technical in 2003, a year on year increase of Services, supplying fuel to all the ground 13.5%. The rapid expansion of the support and handling equipment and DIA and the consequent changes in vehicles. the scale and complexity of operations has added pressure to the Environmental Policy and Objectives airport management. As a Strategic Unloading Operations Business Partner of the DCA, it has As part of implementing an Environmental become obligatory on its part to Management System based on ISO continue to provide quality and the requirements of industry and environment-friendly services International Standards of Quality, expected from a ground handling Environment and Safety. Its key service provider at a world-class operating division Dnata Airport International Airport. Operations is certified to ISO 9001 Quality Standard and ISO 14001 Dnata Airport Services comprises two Environmental Standard. In addition, it is principal divisions Dnata Airport certified to AHS 1000 and AHM 804, Operations and Dnata Cargo and both industry-specific Quality Standards. provides a comprehensive range of Its Cargo division is certified to ISO 9001, ground handling services including
ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 Dnata AirportServices passenger, ramp, baggage and ramp (Occupational Health and Safety handling and technical and cargo. Standard). The organisation, which employs more The scope of Dnata Airport Operations’ Dnata Service Centre than 6,000 staff at the DIA, operates to 64
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Environmental Policy 14001, Dnata Airport Operations has published an environmental policy, which encompasses set environmental We provide objectives and targets. a comprehensive range of ground handling services to The environmental policy statement is customer airlines at the Dubai International Airport. displayed in all offices and work areas, and all employees have been issued a card containing the environmental We are committed to policy. protecting the environment and natural resources The environmental objectives set for the division are as follows: for a better place to live and work 1. Reduce emission level of equipment and vehicles within Dnata Airport by Operations fleet by ensuring the participation of our employees and the community in monitoring regimes, on time maintenance and raising staff observing government laws, setting objectives and targets, awareness training programs, recycling material and energy conservation 2. Minimise the use of stationery by promoting more e-flow of information, the concepts of which are recycling, and building awareness continuously monitored and measured through rigorous evaluation by through staff briefings technically – skilled staff so as to maintain and improve our 3. Reduce the consumption of environmental performance electricity and energy at Dnata facilities at the airport through implementation of best practices we will such as switching off the lights and Communicate and reinforce this policy throughout the organization and office equipment after hours, as well as exploring technology make it available to the general public for accountability. options such as power saving 65 Dnata Airport Services Airport Dnata Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 69
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devices and electrical installations more frequently due to the heat and A/C in 2003, which corresponds to a 12.5% when changing or upgrading the systems are operated all the time, increase. The consumption of fuel per systems which are currently in consuming power from the vehicles. In passenger has increased insignificantly place general, the growth in consumption in from about 0.0164 to 0.0180 gallons of the three years is due to the increase in petrol per passenger and 0.0663 to vehicles in the airport to support the 0.0748 gallons of diesel per passenger. Fuel Consumption Trends expanding operations and the increase What is interesting to note is the four- The trend in resource consumption is in the traffic through the airport. fold consumption of diesel to petrol clearly seasonal and is increasing. Passenger movements have increased within the airport grounds, which However it should be noted that the from 15,973,391 passengers in 2002 to possibly reduces the exhaust emission amount of fuel consumption is due to some 18,062,344 passengers in 2003, from the vehicles to a great extent. the rapid growth of passenger volume, which equates to an increase of 13%. In order to assess the emission level from cargo tonnage and aircraft handled at Total aircraft movements have increased the vehicles that Dnata owns and the airport while also bearing in mind from 149,844 flights in 2002 to 168,511 operates within the airport, emissions the increased travel distances for all vehicles due to the expansion of the airport. As such, diesel consumption has increased from 919,128 gallons (2001) to 1,076,347 gallons (2002), and then to 1,333,715 in 2003, which signifies a 25.8% increase in three years. Petrol consumption increased from 228,942 (2001) to 262,744 (2002) to 328,159 (2003), which correspond to a 16.5% and 23.02% increase in the three years. In the chart shown, the red line signifies the diesel consumption and the petrol is given in the green line. The trends in Dnata AirportServices both petrol and diesel consumption are similar in that a major increase occurs in the summer months as vehicles are used 66
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556 to 656 units for 2001, 2002 and 2003 all operators, who are aware and have respectively. The increase is largely been trained to the proper disposal of attributed to ground power units, lower waste materials. Specialist contractors and main deck loaders, mobile maintain the skips and levels of waste conveyers, transporters, tow tractors, inventory which is collected on a regular pick up vans and to a lesser extent, basis. buses. The traffic growth and airport Segregation at source is the key to expansion provides sufficient ensuring that there is no mixing of justification for this increase in vehicles. wastes in the skips. It is also a matter of discipline and the Management’s drive Waste Management for a clean and tidy environment that Dnata Airport Services is fully committed also strengthens the employee’s to managing waste in an commitment and best practices in waste environmentally friendly way. This segregation and disposal. The used oil requires managing waste right from the from cars is removed through draining Dnata / ENOC Vehicle Fueling point of generation. Where practical, all into drums, which are then collected by Facilities types of waste material are segregated a specialist contactor who reuses this low and deposited into dedicated bins grade oil. All the filters and metallic measurement units are being purchased /containers / skips for paper / card board, parts are separated and placed in a and installed for both petrol and diesel metal scraps, wood, lube oil, paint and metal skip, and sold back to vendors. All based engines. These machines shall be general waste. of the monies raised through the sale of waste paper and cardboard are donated used to check the end of pipe emissions As part of the Key Performance to charity. every time the vehicle comes in for a Indicators of the Dnata Airport service at the workshops. Dnata may in Operations, waste management is very All used tires are removed by vendors the future commission emission studies much an integral performance measure who sell these to recycling plants, which to explore alternative technology and of operations. The segregation, recycling reuses the rubber for lower grade fuels in the future to operate these and reuse where possible and disposal purposes or in cases where the tires are vehicles. through the applicable regulatory still in good condition, these are As for the number of equipment and methods is the hierarchy followed. The retreaded. Used batteries are returned vehicles, the inventory rose from 514 to segregation of waste is undertaken by to battery vendors who dispose of some 67 Dnata Airport Services Airport Dnata Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 71
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Hazardous Waste Drums Foriegn Objects Debris Collection Waste Tire Scrap which is sent Drums for recycling parts and recycle others. This is as per the treatment systems in place at the Airport To ensure that the water is not contractual conditions. Operations areas, there is a new contaminated with any hazardous expansion, which will increase the substances, environmentally friendly and capacity for the lube oil shops and the biodegradable detergents is used for Water and Energy Management vehicle wash areas. All wastewater will washing vehicles. The employment of Dnata Airport Operations segregates all be sent to a dedicated wastewater water spray systems and detergent of the water metering systems at their separator and treatment plant. Currently foaming equipment ensures effective Dnata AirportServices operating locations, to track and the water goes through an inceptor and dosing and prevents wastage of both then is discharged as per the regulations maintain the information on the water water and resources. consumption at their specific operations. through the industrial wastewater sewer Although currently there are no water by agreement with Dubai Municipality. With respect to energy consumption, as per the goals and objectives, energy 68
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Waste Oil Collection Scrap Steel Collection Skip
conservation is taken into account in any analysis will be undertaken once there is system due for upgrading or systems to 24-36 months of data collected. Vehicle Washing be installed in the new expansion projects in the areas of vehicle ground further 17 senior supervisors were services. As with the recent water Training and Competency trained as ISO 14001 EMS internal metering segregation scheme, all The Strategic Quality Planning auditors. This pool of environmental electricity meters in those areas were Department of Dnata Airport Services is auditors will be expanded with a series also segregated in order to trace and responsible for designing and delivering of EMS auditor training courses planned maintain exact energy consumption. As environmental awareness and auditor for the future. part of the EMS, which is now in place, training courses. To date, more than 700 The duties and responsibilities of staff monthly records are being maintained supervisory staff have been trained in an are clearly defined in the respective job on energy consumption and trend introduction to ISO 14001 EMS course. A description, which also includes 69 Dnata Airport Services Airport Dnata Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 73
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environmental responsibilities identified external environmental initiatives. Dnata for the employee. Training programs are is a corporate member and key designed to ensure that those supporter of Emirates Environmental successfully completing the course are aware Group. of key environmental issues and can assess the environmental performance of the Dnata encourages employees to organisation. participate in the environmental campaigns and activities organised by Dnata Airport Operations believes that Emirates Environmental Group (EEG) and employees are the driving force behind Dubai Municipality. These include clean- environmental performance. Annual up campaigns and waste paper and can performance review provides the collection drives. mechanism to reward and recognise those who contribute to the environmental performance of the Environmental Management System organisation. The environmental manual provides A system is in place to monitor and an overview of the environmental management system of Dnata Airport measure the environmental performance of Loading Operations the organisation. Supervisors at relevant Operations. This manual may be made available upon request. areas collect the data related to environmental audits. The effectiveness environmental performance, and this is of corrective action taken is verified by Planning: Environmental Aspects are reviewed and analysed by Functional the auditors and the status reported to established by line departments in Managers. Departmental heads are Manager Quality Planning, who has the consultation with the Quality Planning responsible for reviewing the trends and overall responsibility for the Department. This is a mechanism for the discussing corrective actions with staff environmental management system. identification of the various aspects and during the management meetings. A their impacts upon the environment similar process is followed for the setting through all the operations, activities, of objectives and targets and reviewing Community and the Environment
services and products, which Dnata Dnata AirportServices non-conformity reports. Functional Employee involvement and either have direct control over or can Managers ensure that the corrective Participation at least influence. Dnata Airport actions are taken to correct the non- As part of its commitment to the cause Operations ensures that the aspects conformities identified during internal of the environment, Dnata also supports related to the significant impacts are 70
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6. Identification of significant aspects 7. Evaluation of the investigation methodology of safety and incidents The planning also incorporates looking at other airport requirements, objectives and targets and the establishment of environmental management programs that ensure the designation of responsibilities for achieving the objectives and targets at each relevant function and level of the organisation, and defines the time frames for implementation of these objectives and targets. Management of change procedures are also part of the planning process procedures. 1. Implementation and Operations: The definition of the structure and responsibility with functional Aircraft Cleaning Team relationships is defined for the considered in setting the environmental Regulations EMS. The environmental procedures define clearly the authorities of objectives. Based on the analysis of these 3. Ramp Handling practices related to aspects, significant environmental aspects both the executive and operational dangerous goods handling are identified and dealt with first. The staff. The responsibility and authority initial reviews covered: 4. Good environmental practices such in managing the environmental as recycling manual and procedures are also clearly 1. Requirements as established by the defined. As it is fundamental to the UAE Federal and Local Laws 5. Responsible disposal of hazardous,/toxic, metallic wastes success of the system, the Manager, 2. Requirements as established by such as engine oils, tires, batteries Quality Planning has been designated IATA Dangerous Goods and so on as the Management Representative to 71 Dnata Airport Services Airport Dnata Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 75
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establish, maintain audit and report in cross-functional audit teams EMS, the manual is a high level all the management systems and 3. Communication: The organisation document and makes reference to processes. The Manager reports to has prepared effective procedures policies and operational procedures, senior management and is fully for both internal and external which are more detailed and give the empowered to apply the changes communications especially to users greater insight into the through effective consultation with disseminate information on expectations and implementation the area managers. He also acts as the environmental aspects and impacts. methodology. The Management liaison point with the EEG, DCA and Various modes of communication system procedures define the roles Dubai Municipality, as well as all are established such as meetings, and responsibilities, key performance certification bodies newsletters, memos, and training areas, expectations and detailed seminars references of Standard Operating 2. Training and Competency: In Procedures. The EMS stems from consultation with Functional 4. Documentation: An essential tool the principle of Total Quality Managers, the Quality Planning and a necessary requirement is the Management (TQM) and document Department carries out a training control is its core. The system ensures needs analysis for all level of that documents are located, employees. This also includes the periodically reviewed, current versions awareness needs for the employees are available, obsolete documents in the organisation. Awareness are retained in a system for legal training includes policy, significant reasons but removed from the main aspects of the organisations access points, and that the activities, pollution prevention responsibilities are established efforts, staff responsibilities in the concerning the creation and EMS as well as the environmental modification of the various types of benefits of improved performance documents and the potential consequences of deviation from the Standard 5. Operational Control and Emergency Response and
Operating Procedures. The auditor Dnata AirportServices training aims at utilising the Preparedness: resources from different Emergency Response Procedures departments to create a “pool” of are essential to ensure business continuity and response to qualified personnel who can be used Engine Maintenance environmental incidents. These 72
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procedures ensure that all incidents Audits are based on a program, which to the decisions made in the review are reported and trained personnel operates on a six monthly cycle. This is a meetings. respond to any incident based on the documented process and a qualified level as defined by the company pool of trained personnel are used and emergency response procedure. assigned to examine the performance of Future Plans Personnel are trained and drills are the organisation periodically. Auditors, Dnata Airport Services is committed to periodically conducted. This system although from the same organisation, continual improvement and with the works in tandem with the maintain functional independence as recent certification and its progress in Integrated Safety Management they are pooled from one part of the the implementation of the TQM Dnata is System and covers reporting, organisation to audit another. The working towards to an integrated recording, action and prevention Strategic Quality Planning function quality, environmental, safety and procedures ensures that audit findings are made health management system. into workable corrective actions and 6. Checking, Corrective Actions In order to monitor emissions from all that they are reviewed until closure. and Management Reviews: The the petrol, diesel vehicles and system established ensures that a Management reviews are conducted by equipment in their inventory, Dnata sound monitoring system is the management review team headed Airport Operations is currently in the maintained to ensure that by the Senior Vice President as the process of purchasing a higher grade performance is measured Chairman and the department heads as exhaust system gas analysis equipment. continuously and that when members. The EMS performance in the corrective actions are required company is reviewed as part of a larger they are dealt with in an effective Business excellence review meeting. The manner. Information is recorded to information used for management track performance, relevant reviews includes: environmental operational control, and conformance progress towards achieving objectives with the organisation’s environmental and targets, plans for technical objective and targets. Corrective upgrades, review of accidents and incidents, concerns of interested parties, actions are implemented based on the results of EMS audits and changes in magnitude of the problems which are activities and services. Review processes faced are documented and the minutes of Records are maintained as per the review meetings are circulated to the requirements of the EMS and are management Review team. Corrective or available for the management to review. preventive actions are taken according Aircraft Washing 73 Dnata Airport Services Airport Dnata Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 77
JOINT INDUSTRIAL AVIATION FUEL FARM
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
he occupants of the Joint Industrial Fuel Farm (JIFF) area are British TPetroleum (BP), Chevron Texaco, Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC), Shell and Emojet, which operate the JIFF facilities under an exclusive concession agreement with DCA for a 10-year period 1999–2008. JIFF is currently operating with four storage tanks each with a 5055 m3 operating capacity, which are sufficient for about two days of airport’s throughput and with about 5000 m3 of storage within the hydrant system itself. The JIFF facility receives Jet-A1 fuel through two pipelines from EPPCO in Jebel Ali and the Shell Terminals in Dubai. The EPPCO “snake pipeline”, which is 58 km long, is a 10” pipeline that has a typical flow rate of approximately 270 m3/hr. The Shell line is a 8” pipeline with a length of 15 km 3 extending from Port Rashid to the The Fuel Tank Farm with total capacity of 22, 260 m of Jet-A1 Fuel Joint IndustrialAviation FuelFarm Airport with a typical flow rate of 210 m3/hr. At present the current required throughput to the DIA is 320 m3/hr on a fact that most companies supply the litres/min. The Hydrant system is about 24-hour pumping basis. product to the JIFF through the 24 km long, mostly comprised of 16”, EPPCO/Shell pipelines. The Hydrant 20” and 24”piping in different areas. The JIFF facility can also unload road system is designed with 8 delivery The system has 114 hydrant pits and 48 tankers through four unloading bays at pumps, with a combined delivery low points, which are visited by the 3 a time at 340 m /hr. This facility is capacity of 35,000 litres/min. The present inspections team on a weekly basis. It considered as a back up based on the peak requirement is just over 3,000 also has 35 Motorised Valves, 26 74
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Jet-Fuel Pipeline Fuel Receipt The throughput has been steadily increasing in the last four Facility years, rising from 4194 to 6685 m3
Underground Valve Chambers and 57 pumps and activation of call points in pipeline SCADAs monitor pressure and Apron Emergency Buttons to be certain areas are linked to the main flow parameters to shutdown pipeline maintained by the Fuel Farm. Programmable Logic Control (PLC) for transfers normally as well as during Fire Fighting is essential for safety complete automatic Emergency emergencies. Shutdown (ESD) of the Fuel Farm. All fire and thus automatic electric and diesel Pipeline SCADAs are linked to the alarms are connected to the DIA Airport standby pumps, a fire water hydrant main PLC only for Emergency Shutdown maintained at 150 psi, a foam system for Fire Services to ensure that there will be no delay in response. purposes. The PLC system also monitors / tank bottom injection, and enables a modern static leak fire alarm call points and detectors are The Facility’s PLC system is aided by six detection system of the hydrant lines available. The pumps are fed through a remote PLC systems on the Aprons to 3 and continuous monitoring of 1000 m fresh fire water tank. Use of the provide the necessary monitoring systems, hydrant pressures with facility to record fire water hydrant causes fire pumps to controls, user interface and in-built historical pressures and flow readings. run automatically. The running of fire safety features in operations of JIFF. The 75 Joint Industral Aviation Fuel Farm Fuel Aviation Industral Joint Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 79
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Road Tanker Loading Areas Fuel Delivery Pumps Aerial View of Facility and Airport
2. Description of the Project series of extensive technical reviews with Future Developments and Expansion 3. Description of the Baseline the consultants decided on the best alternatives and approved the Environmental Impact and Risk Environmental Quality Environmental Management and Assessment Studies 4. Identification of Impacts Monitoring Plans for the new expansion. The DCA and the JIFF consortium 5. Significant Environmental Issues The new expansion project approved by assigned a qualified environmental the DCA will increase the capacity consultant company to assess the 6. Analysis of Alternatives
significantly in the Fuel Farm to meet the Joint IndustrialAviation FuelFarm impacts of the expansion project on the 7. Mitigation Measures and prospective demands in the next decade environment. This study was reviewed by Management Plan and beyond. all the stake holders and covered many 8. Environmental Management Plan aspects and gave recommendations to Aircraft be implemented in design construction 9. Environmental Monitoring Plan The estimated average growth rate of aircraft and operations in the facility. The report 10. Conclusions and recommendations being fuelled over the next 18 years is 6.61% included: with a maximum growth at 2002, and the 11. Interagency Involvement 1. Policy, Legal and Administrative percentage is increasing steadily at the average rate as larger aircraft are fuelled for Framework Review The JIFF operations committee through a 76
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long haul flights such as the A 340 and A 380 aircraft. The number of aircraft increases from about 170 at present to 514 per day in 2020. This is a very significant increase in air traffic, which will be supported by the expansion of the airport infrastructure and facilities. Fuel Demand The consumption of Jet Fuel is proportional to the increase in the number of flights. The average increase in fuel consumption is estimated at 7.5% per year, which is nearly 1% greater than the increase in the number of flights. This is understandable as the fuel consumption will increase per aircraft with the greater number of long-haul flights, as a result of larger aircraft being commissioned in the Emirates Fleet which is the major customer. The maximum increase in fuel requirement was in 2002-2003, where the throughput increased from 7269 m3 (2002) to 28, 242 m3 (2020), which is nearly a four-fold increase. Commitment to Health, Safety and Environment Although a recent venture, the JIFF facility is managed by oil companies committed to an environmentally friendly business. To this end, the JIFF 77 Joint Industral Aviation Fuel Farm Fuel Aviation Industral Joint Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 81
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Integrated Environment, Health and tested on a six monthly basis. All approved waste oil salvage companies Safety Policy was issued in 2001 based on contaminated water is removed using a who recycle the oil. the agreement of all the partners at the dedicated and approved waste The EMS Programs include waste airport. Currently, Emirates Petroleum management company as per the identification, segregation, collection and Products Company’s (EPPCO) Aviation regulations of the Dubai Municipality. disposal procedures, permit to work wing, which is a joint venture between There are more than 600 interlock systems, personnel protection equipment, Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) systems that will prevent any overflow dealing with static electricity, fire and Chevron Texaco, is in charge of incidents that may give rise to pollution fighting, defensive driving, and managing the facility until end of 2004. within the facility including high-high environmental enhancement and EPPCO is certified to ISO 9000 and ISO level alarms with auto-shut-down awareness programs as well as operating systems. No overflow incidents have ever safety training, which include pollution 14001 and implements the occurred since start up and this is prevention and the protection of the Environmental Management Systems as statistically impressive to a facility in environment. For the future the EIA part of the overall management of this which about 625 tank turnarounds occur recommendations and the EMP based on very sensitive airport facility. every year. the conducted studies will be integrated In the design of the new facility, a 3 mm into the operating procedures and work Vegetation and greening projects instructions. HDPE liner is used under all the fuel including planting of indigenous palm tanks with a full leak detection system. trees is done around the perimeter of Down stream of the tanks ground water the facility. There are a great deal of monitoring wells are installed and the birds, which reside in the area such as water tested for contamination on an desert houbara, robins, sparrows and at annual basis. The tank farm areas are times seagulls visit as well. connected and designed to contain 110% of the capacity of the largest tank The terminal has two 100 gallon oil spill Joint IndustrialAviation FuelFarm and any spills will automatically reach kit protection kits, as ready to use stand the oil water separator system. The idea by and all filters, contaminated gloves, is that no oil shall reach the land or soil rags and collected separately and environment. There is full containment disposed off through certified waste for all operating areas and all water management companies under the runoff, including storm water entering supervision of the DCA. All downgraded one of two dedicated closed oil-water fuel and waste engine oils and skimmed separators systems in which the water is oils are sold to Dubai Municipality (DM) Closed Jet Fuel sampling systems 78
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Sky-Cart Solar Operated Refulers Refuelling Operations
from the hydrant system but there are fuelling companies have their own GW Monitoring Wells few, which operate using refulers as in-house Quality and Health, well. In recent years EPPCO Aviation, Safety and Environment Management decided to invest in the Sky-Cart Systems. refuelers, which are 100% solar Fuelling Operations at the Airside operated and, thus more Waste oil generated from the Into-plane facility, is disposed off Each of the consortium companies environmentally friendly. They are in to Dubai Municipality (DM) operates refuelers, which attend to the full use and after trials mode after different aircraft at the airport. The purchasing the first one, EPPCO Aviation approved waste recycling company operations are 24 hours a day with heavy decided to purchase another. As old for reprocessing and wastewater is operation usually after midnight to refuelers are phased out, more efficient started through a triple inceptor and about 04:00 hours and then from 07:00 and environmentally friendly refuelers then tracked to DM sewage Treatment to 09:30 hours when most of the flights are planned to replace them. Plant for recycling. All other wastes are are being prepared and the airport The into-plane fuelling activities of segregated and disposed off as per the aircraft turnaround rate are highest. EPPCO Aviation are certified to DCA/DM environmental requirements. Most of the refuelers operate by feeding ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 while other 79 Joint Industral Aviation Fuel Farm Fuel Aviation Industral Joint Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:38 AM Page 83
Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC)
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stablished in 1993 as a wholly- Leadership and guidance of ENOC are ENOC actively participates in an owned company of the Government provided by its Chairman, H.H. Sheikh increasingly broad range of business Eof Dubai, ENOC aims to promote the Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Deputy ventures. Its joint ventures with major interests of its shareholders through the Ruler and Minister of Finance and international companies such as Caltex, development of further downstream Industry of Dubai. The Group Chief Vopak, Total, and Petronas allow the and upstream activities in the oil and gas Executive, Hussain M Sultan, and a team partners to pool their technology, know- sector and beyond, and to encourage of highly qualified and experienced how and expertise, along with other economic diversification in Dubai and managers provide executive control, resources to further their commercial the rest of the UAE. direction and management. success. ENOC's first subsidiary began operations in 1974. Since its inception, ENOC has been guided by its philosophy of quality and professional management based on modern business concepts that ensure successful and sustainable growth. Today, the company is poised to engage in a new and challenging period of future growth and diversification.
Vision and Mission Vision: To be the reliable and responsible Emirates NationalOilCompany(ENOC) Energy Partner of Choice 1. Reliable - Market responsive, innovative, quality driven, best- in-class management, best-in- class financial performance 2. Responsible - Integrity, social and environmental participation, best- in-class management, best-in- class financial performance 80
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3. Partner of Choice -The choice of This Department was responsible for and implementation for the Public all partners - customers, clients, undertaking the research, development Environment Report for the DIA. suppliers and business associates. From the individual customer at the pump to international business partners, ENOC will be the brand of choice Mission: To be the reliable and responsible Energy Partner of Choice, ENOC will: 1. Constantly innovate in quality products and services development and delivery 2. Meet market demands swiftly and positively 3. Provide best-in-class management and financial performance 4. Contribute positively to social and environmental issues In terms of Environmental Management, ENOC has a dedicated integrated Group Environment, Health and Safety Compliance Department (GEHSCD). This Department develops guidelines, standards for the corporation, but also undertakes compliance reviews, audits and a great deal of research and development into environmental improvement and betterment programs. 81 Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) Oil Company National Emirates Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 85
GENERAL INFORMATION
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Summary of Weather Conditions in Dubai: (DIA Meteorological Office) anuary is the coolest month of the year with an average maximum Jtemperature around 24°C and an average minimum of 14°C. However, records show that temperatures have been reported as high as 32°C and as low as 8°C during the month. It is often cloudy and unsettled as mid-latitude weather disturbances penetrate into the Gulf bringing changeable weather and cool Winter Shamals in their wake. Such shamals that sweep down the Gulf frequently produce intense convective activity resulting in squally, thundery weather with showers, storms and high seas. Five or six rain-days can be expected during the month, however rainfall is often short lived and intense with around 25°C, however the extreme develop bringing hot, dry conditions and isolated thunderstorms producing the maximum temperature has reached 36°C occasional sandstorms. The transition majority of the recorded rain. Large with a minimum as low as 7°C. Unsettled from southeasterly winds ahead of the fluctuations in rainfall occur from year to wintry weather is more frequent, winter trough to the northwesterly Shamal is year with occasional dry years or with as Shamals persist with the associated therefore usually associated with a much as 80 mm falling during the month. unsettled weather and strong winds. This marked fall in temperature. February is On clear fine days the weather is pleasant makes February one of the windiest the wettest month of the year, it also and warm with weak afternoon sea months with regular Shamals affecting holds the record for the most rainfall in a breezes. Sea temperatures are around the Gulf. Shamals bring cool, windy and day, 150.2 mm in 1988 at Dubai Airport. General Information 21°C. occasionally showery conditions to the The relatively warm, moist air over the Temperatures increase a degree or so in southern Gulf. Ahead of an approaching Gulf combined with winter weather February with mean maximums typically Shamal strong Southeasterly winds often patterns helps to fuel cloud and storm 82
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development. Local convergence and the effect of the mountains in the east of the country also act to generate or enhance rainfall. The March to May period is the "spring" months in Dubai when the temperature begins its steady climb towards the summer peaks. Average maximum temperatures rise to around 28°C in March however winter weather patterns continue to effect the area. This combination means that a more abundant supply of energy is available for the development of cloud and storms should the correct combination of meteorological features exist. March is therefore often a very changeable month when Dubai can experience a wide range of weather phenomena. This is why March has the highest expected number of rain days and the most frequent occurrence of thunderstorms. As in February, in between the periods of unsettled weather, winds tend to veer to the Southeast and bring warm, dry desert air to the coast. Temperatures have been April brings some beautiful weather to sea breeze increases in strength as the recorded as low as 40’s°C later in the the Emirates. Maximum temperatures temperature gradient between the land month however extreme minimums of are typically around 32°C, humidity is and the sea develops. The increase in 11°C have also been recorded. The sea generally low and although winter temperature does however mean that temperature reaches a mean of 22°C. systems are still possible they become a the occasional storms that do develop As the sun begins to climb in the sky, lot less frequent. The coastal afternoon can be violent with heavy rain and 83 General Information General Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 87
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squalls. One particularly violent storm in year to year the onset and strength of Northwesterly sea breeze most 1981 produced golf ball sized hail stones this effect can vary widely. Hot and afternoons. The humidity can become in Dubai and in 2003 a storm and squall generally dry conditions prevail extremely high at times producing produced mean winds of 53 kts gusting throughout the month with periods of severe stress. The combination of high to 71 kts. As the month progresses, the Southeasterly winds replacing the temperatures and high humidity can high level Jet stream starts to move Northwesterly flow when the lee low make atmospheric conditions extremely Northwards, cutting off southward weakens. When the winds come from unstable and summer thunderstorms are incursions of unsettled weather and cool the Northwest they bring hot and not uncommon. As in June these usually Northwesterly winds to the region. The sometimes dusty conditions from the develop over the mountains in the East sea in coastal waters continues to warm deserts of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and of the Emirate where the mountains act up with a mean temperature for the Iraq. Temperatures typically reach a as elevated heat sources and where month of about 25°C. maximum of around 39°C, but can be as convergence often occurs. Sea breezes May often marks the beginning of the high as 47°C, low humidity at this time on the east coast force very humid air up summer heat, average maximum helps to keep stress levels reasonably the mountains where it combines late in temperatures are around 37°C, but low. Rainfall is infrequent during June the afternoon with Gulf Coast sea extreme highs of 47°C have been with most coastal stations having a breezes from the Northwest. Inland recorded. The humidity is however at its completely dry month. Over the stations frequently report towering lowest level for the year and rain and mountains in the East of the Emirate Cumulus and Cumulonimbus with thunderstorms are extremely rare in summer storms do develop and can thunderstorms, squalls and dust or coastal areas. Hot, dry Southeasterly cause intense localised heavy rainstorms. sandstorms. Mid and upper level winds often prevail in May but comfort Dry squalls from these storms do Easterly winds then help to propagate levels remain reasonable because of the occasionally reach the coast. Sea the storms towards the Gulf Coast low humidity. Sea temperatures increase temperatures increase into the low 30’s °C. where they can occasionally affect to around 28 to 29°C. As the summer advances and the Dubai, Sharjah and the Northern During June, low pressure over Southern monsoon spreads northwards over India Emirates. Mean maximum temperatures Iran, which develops in the lee of the the lee low effect over Southern Iran in July are typically in the low 40’s°C. mountains, combines with a ridge of begins to weaken and pressure Inland Stations being the hottest with high pressure over Saudi Arabia to gradients become weak over the Lower expected maximums of 44°C and General Information produce a Northwesterly gradient which Gulf area. Land and sea breezes begin to extremes all the time around 49°C. Sea can persist over the Gulf for up to six dominate the flow and as the sea is still temperatures begin to become weeks. The phenomenon is known warming up thermal gradients can be unpleasantly warm reaching 32 to 33°C. locally as the "Forty day Shamal". From strong with a moderate to fresh Conditions during August are similar to 84
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those experienced in July except that air to be advocated to the coast reaches thunderstorms. The mean sea the humidity tends to be a little higher. a maximum. September is far from temperature for the month is 30°C. As the summer goes on the sea surface being the most humid month but it has Temperatures continue to fall sharply temperature rises, the Gulf increasingly the highest humidity of the hot summer during the month with mean maximums becomes a prolific source of water months, for this reason September is now around 30°C. As the subtropical jet vapour. Afternoon sea breezes bring this one of the foggiest months. Night time moves southwards and upper level warm, humid air to coastal areas and temperatures begin to drop into the winds over the Gulf strengthen there is can produce some of the years most upper 20’s°C and fog will frequently the increased potential for low pressure uncomfortable conditions. The risk of form in the early morning hours. systems to propagate from the North summer storms persists, although most Maximum temperatures can still and West into the area. Late in the frequent over the mountains, it can occasionally reach extremes of 44°C with month it is possible for the first shamals affect coastal areas. Inland desert areas extreme minimums around 22°C. Sea to affect the Gulf but it is not usually have a rather different climate, although temperatures begin to fall later in the until December that unsettled weather summer maximum temperatures in the month with the mean for the month of reaches the region. Again November desert are frequently higher than those around 32°C. 1997 was an exceptional year with twelve at the coast, the mean humidity is up to It is the latter part of the year when the rain days including four thunderstorm 20% lower than coastal areas. This weather is the most pleasant and settled days recorded at Dubai International produces rather more comfortable in the UAE. Maximum temperatures in Airport. By the end of the year winter conditions and is the reason that, prior October are around 35°C and although systems are more frequently affecting to the prevalence of air conditioning, the humidity remains reasonably high the Emirates with four or five rain days many local families would spend the comfort indices have fallen from the expected on average during December. summer months away from the coast. extreme levels experienced in the Mean maximums have fallen to 26°C with Mean sea temperatures are around summer. As night time temperatures minimum’s typically in the 15 to 16°C 33°C, but have been recorded as high as continue to fall, faster than the sea range. The humidity is frequently high in 35°C. temperature, fog is still a problem in the the early morning hours with fog still a As temperatures begin to fall after the early morning hours. The weather is problem, although Dubai and the height of the summer there is a sting in usually dry and settled but there have Northern Emirates tend to be a little less the tail for residents in coastal cities. Sea been exceptional years such as 1997 humid than other areas of the country. temperatures reach a peak at the end of when several weather systems Sea temperatures fall to around 23°C. August and it is therefore during this penetrated into the area bringing time that the potential for warm, humid unsettled wet weather and 85 General Information General Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 89
FUTURE OUTLOOK
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ubai International Airport (DIA) especially with respect to the new the operational levels. concourse, Fuel Farms, Emirates Catering and its strategic associates are Again ENOC is continuing to work with Services, Emirates Engineering, Dnata Dplanning to explore avenues for the DCA through the Environment and others, much of the environmental further development. In some areas of Protection Team to produce a the DIA business some partners have engineering solutions are being consultative report, which shall be already started and are achieving implemented to ensure that potential discussed with the Executive Board of continual improvement through adverse environmental impacts are Directors. This report will discuss planning and assignment of resources. controlled at their point of origin. These One of the main aims of the schemes will be supported by DCA strategy, system development and benchmarking exercises undertaken by regulations at the management level improvement, key performance the DIA was to look at exploring and extensive and effective training at measures and manpower challenges. different methods and choosing the most suitable and optimised methods of Environmental Management Systems (EMS) at the airport. The DIA management and the DCA’s drive for excellence is reflected in what has been achieved so far throughout the airport. Further strategy and planning is required to decide on various models of implementation of EMS in different areas of the airports operations. The airport is already looking at management models for implementation of EMS through centralisation, consultation and complete decentralisation based on the formulation of high level and effective strategies and guidelines.
Furthermore, with the upgrading of Future Outlook most of the currently operating facilities 86
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DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND THE COMMUNITY
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History and Background t is within the strategy of the Dubai International Airport to set up Ifunctional, cross-functional and cross organisational operational teams in both the management of certain period- bound tasks and in continuous improvement and development function at the airport. These teams are empowered and budgets are allocated to these teams to achieve the targets they set. The teams are generally sponsored by a director of Strategy and Management Excellence and work based on a set of guidelines, which are issued Role of Quality and Standards airport of high quality and excellence. by the Strategy and Management However, the scenario is now changing to a Excellence. The Director has been the The Quality and Standards Department team sponsor ever since. The teams (QSD) within Strategy and Management different level altogether. The DIA is under a undertake intensive training in which Excellence Division plays an essential role major expansion project and, as the expansion they establish together the teams along in striving for excellence at the DIA in all progresses; it has resulted in breaking the 15 matters. One of the Department’s with their mission, vision and million passengers mark for the first time. goals/objectives. responsibilities is to ensure that employee satisfaction and motivation is Therefore, the DIA would now be moved to carried out within the working place. beyond the category in which it has been Directorate Vision Being friendly and approachable to judged in recent years (10 to 15 million customers contributes to great customer passengers) and now will be competing with The Vision Strategy and Excellence service that DIA aims to achieve. Division is to strive and remain the the biggest airports of the international leading Civil Aviation Authority in the The QSD has achieved ISO: 9001 certification to airport sector. world and recognised as such by their conform to its quality and excellence customers, staff, other civil aviation standards. The DIA itself has achieved many authorities, national and international The Environment Protection Team authorities, the Dubai government and awards and ratings from different authorities Activities the LAB community. to confirm its position as an international In line with the airport’s historical 87 Dubai International Airport and the Community the and Airport International Dubai Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 91
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commitment to maintaining a clean and 10. Environmental Awareness on representatives of departments safe environment, the DCA set up an websites, plasma screens and associated with the DCA Directorates, as Environment Team that focused on one information screens well as other departments and business main aim to start with, the Environment 11. Duty Free green carrying bags partners. To facilitate the environment Week Activities. This was an awareness report the Environment Team members building week which was geared towards 12. Press Releases, greening projects have been an effective instrumental tool assisting the development of the staff, such as tree planting in assisting with the collection data. visitors and travellers awareness of the Recently, the team members have also environment within the DIA. The Environment Protection Team been trying to collect information to The activities undertaken were: present and discuss different schemes In late 2003, based on the agreement 1. Environmental Awareness Training and awareness building programs for the signed between the DCA and the team and airport staff. The team is for all employees around the Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC), airport currently formulating an environmental the ENOC Group Environment, Heath strategy in order to set up some 2. Seminars and presentations by and Safety Compliance Department programs during the Environment National Environment non- (GEHSD) has led a project to produce an Protection Week 2004, which is planned government organisations to DCA environment report for the DIA. The in late 2004. Staff Environment Team members are the
3. “Stop Smoking” Campaigns Dubai InternationalAirportandtheCommunity 4. Nomadic Display with informative video playing in the concourse 5. Themed Posters displaying information about environment protection 6. Environment Week Badges 7. Environment Quiz competitions 8. Children’s competitions 9. The Dubai International “Green Man” distributing leaflets and competitions for children 88
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INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING VISITS
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n order for Dubai International Airport Airports Timeframe, Methodology and (DIA) to benchmark itself with other 3. Become familiar with the Public Environmental Reporting IInternational Operators, it has set up a international best practice The Environment Protection Team series of meetings across Europe to implementation with respect to representatives had about five working understand further what sort of environmental protection, days to complete this intensive environmental awareness and development and enhancement assignment, and the visits methodology information dissemination systems are 4. Look at water and power incorporated introduction presentations available at other International Airports. management, and conservation and discussions followed by site visits, This was with the aim of looking at best programs and policies based on a predefined framework of practice for the eventual queries and questions. implementation of sound environmental 5. Address waste management best practice development programs practices, including solid waste The issues discussed during the meetings within DIA. and recycling practices covered aspects of environmental administration and departmental 6. Look at what sort of international As this was a scoping exercise the structures, environmental law and Airport’s Environment Team Leader Mr. and national initiatives that these European Airports are involved in regulations, corporate governance, Osama Al Girgawi and the Team’s policies and procedures as well as a advisor Eng. Waddah Ghaniem Bani the enhancement and participation in environmental development historical review of the development of Hashim visited the Copenhagen, environmental protection in light of Frankfurt (Fraport), Munich and 7. Look at noise and air pollution past, present and future plans. There Heathrow Airports. The discussions were aspects of airport operations and was also a great deal of emphasis made mainly to address the following review of policies, monitoring and on the coverage of public environmental objectives: structure of management of the reporting in terms of preparation, data same 1. Present what the DIA is collection systems, time frames for commissioning with respect to 8. Address types of mass transport production as well as other aspects such producing a Public Environment systems at these European as benefits and costs. Airports and the emissions Report under the DCA Authority Different types of Environmental monitoring related to the same with the other European Airports Management Systems (EMS) were 2. Understand what environmental 9. Any implementation of an studied at these airports. The reasoning polices, strategies and long term integrated Environmental behind implementation of the EMS and plans are on the way for Management Systems. then aspiring to certification or best environmental protection at these practice implementation was discussed 89 International Benchmark Visits Benchmark International Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 93
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with area experts at these different produced a comprehensive consultative and growth along with social, airports. The European “EMAS” model report for these visits. Using the economic and cultural was discussed and compared with the structured approach that was followed development aspects of the International ISO 14001 EMS model. The to collect the information, the report, Airport and the Emirate of Dubai team discussed in great depth the which was issued to the Executive Board The report, based on the airport visits, benefits and drawbacks of the different of Directors, was also submitted with a will be used as a starting point to types of certification and authentication. presentation on four main aspects: developing further the working Transparency was evident throughout 1. Administration proposals for relationships between International all the discussions, and the Environmental Management Airports. Dubai International Airport is Environmental Team Representatives Systems at the Dubai International committed to developing its found these discussions extremely Airport comparing centralised, Environmental Management Systems and valuable as they were based on an decentralised and the current the recommendations from this report. extensive wealth of experience. All the operational systems at the DCA and Moreover, this report shall be converted European area experts shared openly the the SBP into objectives and targets, which the information in the spirit of global airport shall strive to achieve in the near environmental betterment. 2. Implementation of the EMS and the benefits of certification systems in future. There was also a substantial amount of the future for the DCA in Dubai time spent on discussing aspects, which International Airport were very technical, covering a wide range of topics including; aspects of 3. Technical issues such as those related water and power (energy) consumption, to resource consumption, wastewater management, solid waste environmental emissions and management, air quality and noise, environmental impact International BenchmarkingVisits transportations systems, alternative assessment processes energy sources, land management as 4. Recommendations for the short well as the social and economic impact and long term plans in light of assessment for Airports in Europe. the expansion projects and increased growth expectations in the Dubai International Airport Benefits and Future Plans to ensure sustainable The Environment Team representatives environmental enhancement 90
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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AHM 804: Industry Specific Quality There are more than 150 Parties to the environmental ballot measures. Standard. Convention. The CITES Secretariat is EHS: Environment, Health and Safety. administered by the United Nations AHS 1000: Industry Specific EKFC: Emirates Flight Catering Company. Quality Standard. Environment Program (UNEP). Concourse: The area in an airline Electric Clarifiers: Clarifiers / screeners AOC: Airlines Organisations are tanks used to remove solids from Committee. terminal, where the gates are located. Many airports have multiple concourses. liquids through gravity settling or a Apron: A paved surface, where mechanical / electrical screening process. CSWM Directorate: Cleaning Services aircraft stand while not being EMAS: The Eu, Eco - Management and used. and Waste Management Directorate. Audit Scheam. Asbestos: Is a naturally occurring DAFZA: Dubai Airport Free Zone mineral, used as a modifier to anything Authority. EMOJET: Is a joint venture between intended to protect one from flames. DCA: Department of Civil Aviation. Emarat and Mobil. EMOJET was set up at the Dubai International Airport in ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, DCV: Dubai Cargo Village. August 1992 and marked Emarat's entry Refrigeration and Air Conditioning DDF: Dubai Duty Free. into the region's aviation refuelling Engineers. DEWA: Dubai Electricity and Water market. BP: British Petroleum. Authority. EMS: Environmental Management CE Marking: Is a manufacturer's DIA: Dubai International Airport. System. declaration that the product complies DIA Bays: a compartment in an aircraft ENOC: Emirates National Oil Company with the essential requirements of the Ltd LLC. relevant European health, safety and used for some specific purpose. environmental protection legislations. Director S & ME: Director of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): A systematic process of CITES Convention: Is the Washington Strategic and Management Excellence Department. evaluation through scientific Convention on International Trade in assessment or prediction of effects Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and DM: Dubai Municipality. that a development has upon the Flora, aims to protect certain plants and environment. animals by regulating and monitoring EAE: Emirates Airlines Engineering. their international trade to prevent it ECO Campaign: Is an intensive hands-on Environmental Management Plan reaching unsustainable levels. The campaign training experience where the (EMP): A documented process/plan to Convention entered into force in 1975. person will learn the skills to work on reduce, control and eliminate the 91 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations and of Terms Glossary Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 95
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adverse environmental impacts resulting Foundries: The buildings and works for HVAC: An abbreviation for the heating, from a development. casing metals. ventilation and air-conditioning system EPPCO: Emirates Petroleum Products Freight: Transport commercially as or systems that condition air in a Company. cargo. building. EPSS: Environmental Protection and FZ: Free Zone. Hydrant System: A discharge pipe with Safety Section at Dubai Municipality. a valve and spout at which water may be GCAA: Gulf Civil Aviation Authority. drawn from the mains of waterworks. ERP: Emergency Response Plan. GEHSCD: Group Environment, Health IAD: Internal Audit Directorate. ESD: Engineering Services Directorate. and Safety Compliance Department. IATA: International Air Transport Exhibition Hall: A large hall for holding GW: Ground Water. Association. exhibitions. HACCP: Hazard Analysis at Critical ICAO: International Civil Aviation FFFP: Film Forming Fluoroprotein Foam Control Points. Organisation. used in fighting fires. Hangars: An Aircraft maintenance IFCA: International Flight Catering Fiscal Operation: Related to financial workshop. Association. matters in general, as in fiscal HDPE: High Density Polyethylene. responsibility; the handling of public IG: Inspector General. revenues, such as those generated from HDPE Liner: Liner system which is made Incineration Facility: A building or taxation. Fiscal status is a location up of different types of barriers and place that provides the act of burning consideration for comparative analysis liquid collection layers to prevent the something completely; reducing it to during site selection or an important part waste escaping into and contaminating ashes or is used for a particular industry. the soil and water around the site. There
of the ongoing analysis of a place in Glossary ofTerms andAbbreviations will be chemicals or unpleasant ISMS: Integrated Safety Management which a enterprise is operating. Analysis System. of fiscal status in a location helps avoid a substances in the waste that need to be future surprise and unexpected burden, kept within the sealed area. HDPE is a ISO 9001: An international reference such as a tax increase. Relocation flexible, robust plastic that is now the for quality management system planning stems from keeping an eye on most common liner used. Plastic liners are requirements. the fiscal status of place where an usually constructed 30 to 100 mm thick ISO 14001 EMS model: An enterprise is located. and are effective at preventing leakage international reference for of most substances. FOD Campaign: Foreign Object Debris environmental management system Campaign. HSE: Health, Safety and Environment. requirements. 92
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IT: Information Technology. Ramp Services: The services that Terminal 2: Was designed to handle JIFF: Joint Industrial Fuel Farm. include ground transportation, chartered, executive and special flights. unloading and loading, ULD control and KT: Knot, a unit of velocity Terminal 3: Was designed to have air-bridge operations in addition to a multiple benefits as compared to LDR: Light Dependent Resister. variety operations services, technical Terminal 1 and 2, the main benefits services, Terminal 2 and Free Zone LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas. include simplified, easy passenger flow; Logistics. reduced walking distances: and MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet. 3-Rs: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. highlighting the image of Dubai by NGO: Non-Governmental Organisation. SBPU: Strategic Business Partners and creating a unique visual experience from the open and landscaped landside. O and M: Operations and Maintenance. Unites. Towering Cumulus: Another name for OHSAS 18001: An International SCADAs: Supervisory Control and Data cumulus congestus, it is a rapidly growing Occupational Health and Safety Acquisition: Systems that integrate cumulus or an individual dome-shaped Management System Specification. measurements control and redundant data storage. For example, water clouds whose height exceeds its width. Its Operations: Term used in airport treatment plants often run SCADA distinctive cauliflower top often means statistics to designate a takeoff or systems. showers below, but lacking the landing. characteristic anvil of a cumulonimbus, it Shamal: Gulf term used to describe PER: Public Environment Report. is not a thunderstorm. strong winds (i.e. Winter Shamals, North- Perishables: Foods that will decay westerly Heavy Winds). Tow Tractors Vans: Is a device intended rapidly if not refrigerated. for drawing, towing or pulling Snake Pipeline: Is a 58 km pipeline something, which cannot propel itself. PLC: Programmable Logic Control. extending from Jebel Ali to the JIFF area Most commonly the word is used to Psi: Pounds per square inch; a supplying Jet fuel to the Airport. describe a vehicle intended for such a measurement of pressure. Taxiways: Paved stretches between task on some other vehicle or object. QA: "QA", "Q/A", and "Q.A." are short runways and aircraft stands. TQM: Total Quality Management. for "Quality Assurance". In most large Terminal 1: A terminal that serves air TQMS: Total Quality Management organisations, there is a team devoted to travelers or air freight, and Terminal 1 is System (TQMS) is a formalised system ensuring the product meets minimum used for check-in, passport control and E- that documents the structure, standards before the product is given to gate, transportation and departure hall responsibilities and procedures required the customer. services. to achieve effective quality management. 93 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations and of Terms Glossary Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 97
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
ULD: Unit Loading Device and is a term applied to containers used in air transport. The main purpose of an ULD is to consolidate general cargo into units that are easier to handle and can be secured during shipment. UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme. UPS: An abbreviation for Uninterruptible Power Supply. This is a backup power unit that provides continuous power when the normal power supply is interrupted. UPS systems can be stand-by, only supplying power when the regular supply is interrupted, or fulltime, relying on regular power and/or batteries to supply it while it supplies power to the protected device. A UPS is not necessary on most computer systems, but can be important on systems that need to be up 24 hours a day, such as servers.
W/C: Water Control System. Glossary ofTerms andAbbreviations
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Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004 Enoc Environmental Bro APP 2/17/05 09:39 AM Page 98
CONTACTING US
DUBAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Department of Civil Aviation Marketing and Corporate Communications Directorate P. O. Box: 2525, Dubai, U.A.E. Tel: 9714 - 2245555 Fax: 9714 - 2244113 Email: [email protected] Website: www.dubaiairport.com
95 Contacting Us Contacting Public Environment Report 2003 - 2004