Project THETRIS PP 2: České Švýcarsko, o. p. s. (Bohemian Switzerland P. B. C.) WP 3: Analysis focused on tangible and intangible culture heritage linked to regional churches Bohemian Switzerland 3.3.2. Regional Analysis Good Practises Collection “This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF.” Content 1 Introduction and general context of the project ............................................................... 3 2.1 Definition of the area of interest ................................................................................... 3 2 Cultural potential of the area........................................................................................... 7 2.1 Movable and immovable cultural heritage ............................................................... 7 2.2 Sacred tangible and intangible monuments ............................................................11 3 Regional marketing strategies .......................................................................................27 3.1 Ústí Region tourism development strategy for 2010-2015 ......................................27 3.2 Programme for the development of tourism in the Bohemian Switzerland region by 2020 30 3.3 Summary ................................................................................................................32 4 Strategy of protection ....................................................................................................33 4.1 Conservation Plan for Bohemian Switzerland National Park 2009-2016, ................34 4.2 Development programme for the Ústí Region 2014-2020 .......................................35 4.3 The Programme for the Conservation of Historical Monuments in the Czech Republic 2011 – 2016 .......................................................................................................36 4.4 Summary ................................................................................................................37 5 Good practices ..............................................................................................................38 5.1 For the life of churches of the Broumov region .......................................................38 5.2 Open Gates of the Zlín region ................................................................................40 5.3 Via Sacra ...............................................................................................................41 5.4 House on the hill, Rumburk ....................................................................................43 5.5 Rumburk Loreto .....................................................................................................44 2 1 Introduction and general context of the project The project, ‘Development of thematic international religious routes with the involvement of local communities in the area of Bohemian Switzerland’, is part of the international project THETRIS (Thematic Transnational Church Route Development with the Involvement of Local Society), financed by a Central European programme. The THETRIS project focuses on the sustainable development of the conservation of local religious monuments in 11 partner Central European regions by creating international religious routes, preparing mutual strategies and testing innovative solutions for the conservation of religious monuments. The project consists of 5 successive phases of work, realized within the period from 1July 2012 to December 2014. The partner organizations are: Association of Municipalities of the upper Tisza (Hungary) České Švýcarsko, o.p.s. (hereinafter Bohemian Switzerland p.s.o.) Centre of structural and technological development of the Riesa-Großenhain region (Germany) Regional Development Agency of Prešov autonomous region (Slovakia) Province of Turin (Italy) Development agency LAMORO, Asti (Italy), Diocese Graz-Seckau (Austria), Association of municipalities and cities of Malopolska (Poland) Scientific and Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Research Centre of Nova Gorica (Slovenia) Enterprise support centre Kranj (Slovenia) Province of Padua (Italy) 2.1 Definition of the area of interest For the purposes of this study, the area of interest is defined in accordance with the recommendation for a common methodology of the THETRIS project and terms set by the project partner, Bohemian Sitzerland p.s.o.. The methodology and the project assignment anticipate an area size smaller than NUTS 3 units (i.e. than administration regions in the Czech Republic), which corresponds to a broadened territory of the Bohemian Switzerland and Šluknov region. Defined thus, the territory coincides approximately with the tourist region of the same name defined by the Strategy for Tourism in the Ústí Region (see Map 1) or with the territory of the Děčín district, or more precisely the Děčín, Varnsdorf and Rumburk municipalities with extended powers (see maps 2 and 3). 3 The 909 km2 area thus defined demonstrates an internal homogeneity and external heterogeneity in terms of character of settlement (mostly rural landscape), landscape character (predominantly forested uplands, largely protected), local relief (mostly sandstone with occasional hills created by volcanic activity), cultural and historical identity (the Šluknov Hook, Děčín Region, Bohemian Switzerland, all characterized by, among other things, medieval colonization of the area, Upper-Lusatian type houses and the expansion of Protestantism). The boundary of the region is defined loosely, and this approach is appropriate to this study as it focuses on the development of religious monuments and routes. Some parts of the analysis or some of the strategies might, therefore, reach outside the defined region, if there is a reason for doing so in terms of locating suitable religious sites, transport links, etc. Map 1: Tourist regions of the Ústí Region Source: Strategy for the development of tourism in the Ústí Region 2010-2015 Note: Krušnohoří – the Ore Mountains, poohří – the River Ohře area, České středohoří a Podřipsko – the Bohemian Uplands and area around Říp Mountain, České Švýcarsko a Šluknovsko – Bohemian Switzerland and the Šlukonov region, státní hranice – state border, krajské hranice – regional border 4 Map 2: Area of Interest (Děčín district) Source: edited by www.czso.cz Note: Počet obyvatel v obci = Population of a minucipality Název města = Name of the town Název městyse – Name of the township Název ostatních obcí = Name of other municipalities Správní obvod obce s rozšířenou poůsobností = Administration municipal district with extended powers 5 Map 3: Location of the area of interest within the Czech Republic Source: edited by www.wikipedia.org 6 2 Cultural potential of the area 2.1 Movable and immovable cultural heritage The area of Bohemian Switzerland and the Šluknov region are famous for their unique natural attractions, those of Bohemian Switzerland overshadowing local cultural attractions. The cultural heritage of the area, which has so far been rather neglected by tourists, represents a potential for the future development of tourism based on a more even distribution of visitors in the area of interest and, in connection with various activities, this can contribute to an increase in off-season visits. Many medieval cultural monuments have survived in the area. Nevertheless, there are a significantly higher number of monuments from later historical periods. This is the result of the historical development of the region and the adoption of new cultural patterns and artistic styles, as well as being the consequence of wars, especially the Thirty Years' War, which meant not only a reduction in the population but the beginning of the return to Catholicism connected with the forced departure of the Protestant population. In the area of interest, no castles were preserved (only ruins). Amongst sacred sites, those from later historical periods are prevalent too (mainly of Baroque origin). An overview of the most interesting medieval monuments1: Ruin of the castle Tolštejn near Jiřetín pod Jedlovou (originally the manor house for almost the whole of the Šluknov area) Remains of Schönbuch castle near the village of Krásná Lípa Upper and Lower chateaux Benešov nad Ploučnicí (National Heritage Site) Děčín Castle Šluknov Castle Church of Saint Anne in Jedlka (Malá Veleň) Church of St. Bartholomew in Rumburk Church of St. James the Greater in Česká Kamenice Church of the Nativity of our Lady in Benešov nad Ploučnicí Church of St. George in Chřibská Church of St. George in Jiřetín pod Jedlovou Church of St. Catherine in Dolní Podluží Church of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist in Těchlovice Church of St. Nicolas in Mikulášovice Church of St. Bartholomew in Velký Šenov Old Town Bridge in Děčín Seigniorial brewery in Rumburk (buildings of suzerain cellars and icehouse) 1 The following are selected structures with the status of cultural heritage (with the exception of Upper and Lower Castle in Benešov nad Ploučnicí with the status of national cultural heritage). Almost all structures listed were stated according to the publication ‘Nejkrásnější památky Českosaského Švýcarska‘ (Mágrová, K., Patzelt, Z., 2011). 7 The preserved material cultural heritage in the Bohemian Switzerland and Šluknov region is associated predominantly with the epoch of modern age. An important historical event that influenced the shape of the cultural landscape in the area and its cultural heritage in particular