DOCSLIB.ORG

Your Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Your Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy YOUR GUIDE TO Healthy Pregnancy 11th edition Your Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy Dear Soon-To-Be Parents, Thank you for choosing Cleveland Clinic for five years. The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative your obstetrics care and allowing us to help (www.babyfriendlyusa.org) is an international bring your new little one(s) into the world! program of the World Health Organization This is an exciting time for you and we are (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s here to assist in making your experience the Fund (UNICEF). best it can be. Breastfeeding offers an unmatched beginning Deciding to become a parent is one of the for all new babies and is recommended by most important decisions you will make in the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) your life. As babies don’t come with instruction as the primary source of nutrition for the first manuals, you rely on healthcare professionals year of life. Scientific studies have shown that for education and guidance. Our goal is to breastfed babies are healthier, have reduced provide you with the best possible information risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), to make knowledgeable decisions. and have fewer cases of childhood cancers and diabetes. Our highly trained obstetricians, maternal fetal medicine specialists, and certified nurse In addition to breastfeeding and birthing midwives deliver over 13,000 babies a year assistance, Cleveland Clinic can help you at three different hospital locations. We are prepare for the big day through classes like excited to be a part of your birthing and family “Baby Basics” and “Boot Camp for New health care team and hope that you will Dads.” We also offer lactation consultations, continue to rely on us for all your healthcare informative materials and support groups. needs. For more information about our Cleveland Clinic pediatricians and family physicians and services, go to clevelandclinic. medicine specialists offer assistance in org/obstetrics. well-baby care at our nearby family health center and hospitals. You can see a schedule Cleveland Clinic has partnered with the Ohio of the many prenatal classes we offer at Department of Health to promote safe sleep, clevelandclinic.org/childbirthed. This book while proactively working to reduce the infant can be accessed at clevelandclinic.org/ mortality rate. This includes the ABC’s of safe healthypregnancyguide. sleep: always placing your baby Alone in their crib, on their Back, and making sure the only For more information about making an thing in your baby’s Crib is a firm mattress informed decision about your baby’s nutrition, with a fitted sheet. we encourage you to speak to your provider. Making the decision about how you will feed your baby is a choice that all parents must Sincerely, face. Cleveland Clinic birthing hospitals support exclusive breast milk feeding for the Your Women’s Health Team first six months of life and are taking special steps to create the best possible environment for successful breastfeeding. We strive to renew our Baby Friendly Hospital designation every CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 2 CONTENTS 1. Mother Care | 7 2. First Trimester | 65 › Prenatal care › Your first trimester of pregnancy › Prenatal vitamins › When to call your provider › Medicine guidelines during pregnancy › Prenatal ultrasonography › Good nutrition during pregnancy › Ultrasound appointment guidelines › Dental care during pregnancy › Screening for chromosome abnormalities › Global obstetrical care › CPT codes for genetic tests › HIV testing › Vaccination during pregnancy 3. Second Trimester | 75 › Sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy › Your second trimester of pregnancy › How smoking affect you and your baby › Welcome to the second trimester › High blood pressure › When to call your provider › Gestational diabetes › Oral Glucose Challenge Test › Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy › Coping with the physical changes 4. Third Trimester | 79 of pregnancy › Your third trimester of pregnancy › Finding a comfortable position › When to call your provider during the › Exercise during pregnancy third trimester › Pregnancy childbirth and bladder control › Counting your baby kicks › Sex during pregnancy › Non stress test › Sleep during pregnancy › Group B streptococcus and pregnancy › Travel during pregnancy › True vs. false labor › Depression during pregnancy › Premature labor › What to pack for the hospital › Your birth day › Types of delivery › Pain relief options during childbirth CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 3 5. After Delivery | 101 7. Baby Care | 131 › What to expect after delivery › Safe sleep › Physical changes after delivery › Newborn care in hospital › Vaginal tears › Newborn appearance › Long acting reversible contraception › Newborn behavior › Depression after the birth of a child › Your baby and when to call doctor › Exercise after delivery › Umbilical cord appearance and care › Circumcision 6. Breastfeeding | 115 › Childhood immunizations › The 10 steps to a successful breastfeeding › Adding your baby to your insurance policy program › Are you looking for a pediatrician › The benefits of breastfeeding › Choosing a car seat › 24 hour rooming-in › Skin-to-skin contact for you and your baby › Breastfeeding the first weeks › Over the counter meds and breastfeeding › Contraception during breastfeeding CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 4 TYPES OF REMEDY SAFE MEDICATIONS TO TAKE DURING PREGNANCY Allergy Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) Loratidine (Claritin®) Cetirizine (Zyrtec®) Cold and flu Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)* Dextromethorphan (Robitussin®)* Guaifenesin (Mucinex® [plain])* Vicks Vapor Rub® mentholated cream Mentholated or non-mentholated cough drops (Sugar-free cough drops for gestational diabetes should not contain blends of herbs or aspartame) Pseudoephedrine ([Sudafed®] after 1st trimester) Acetaminophen (Tylenol®)* Saline nasal drops or spray Warm salt/water gargle *Note: Do not take the “SA” (Sustained Action) form of these drugs or the “Multi-Symptom” form of these drugs. Do not use Nyquil®, or a generic version, due to its high alcohol content. Diarrhea Loperamide ([Imodium®] after 1st trimester, for 24 hours only) Constipation Methylcellulose fiber (Citrucel®) Docusate (Colace®) Psyllium (Fiberall®, Metamucil®) Polycarbophil (FiberCon®) Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX®)* *Occasional use only First aid ointment Bacitracin Neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracin (Neosporin®) Headache Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Heartburn Aluminum hydroxide/magnesium carbonate (Gaviscon®)* Famotidine (Pepcid AC®) Aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide (Maalox®) Calcium carbonate/magnesium carbonate (Mylanta®) Calcium carbonate (Titralac®, Tums®) *Occasional use only Hemorrhoids Phenylephrine/mineral oil/petrolatum (Preparation H®) Witch hazel (Tucks® pads or ointment) Return to Table of Contents CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 5 TYPES OF REMEDY SAFE MEDICATIONS TO TAKE DURING PREGNANCY Insect repellant N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET®) Nausea and vomiting Doxylamine (Unisom Sleeptab) Vitamin B6 25mg three times per day in combination with doxylamine 12.5mg at bedtime to prevent nausea. Ginger extract 125-250mg every six hours. Rashes Diphenhydramine cream (Benadryl) Hydrocortisone cream or ointment Oatmeal bath (Aveeno®) Sleep Diphenhydramine (Unisom SleepGels®, Benadryl) Yeast infection Miconazole (Monistat® 7-Day) *Please note: No drug can be considered 100% safe to use during pregnancy. Return to Table of Contents CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 6 1. Mother Care › Prenatal care › Prenatal vitamins › Medicine guidelines during pregnancy › Good nutrition during pregnancy › Dental care during pregnancy › Global obstetrical care › HIV testing › Vaccination during pregnancy › Sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy › How smoking affect you and your baby › High blood pressure › Gestational diabetes › Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy › Coping with the physical changes of pregnancy › Finding a comfortable position › Exercise during pregnancy › Pregnancy childbirth and bladder control › Sex during pregnancy › Sleep during pregnancy › Strengthening your pelvic floor muscles › Travel during pregnancy › Depression during pregnancy Return to Table of Contents CLEVELAND CLINIC | WOMEN’S HEALTH - PREGNANCY | 7 Prenatal Care: Your First Visit Why is prenatal care important? Physical exam Regular appointments with your healthcare A thorough physical exam is also part of provider throughout your pregnancy are the first visit. You are weighed, and your important to ensure the health of you and your blood pressure, heart, lungs, and breasts are baby. In addition to medical care, prenatal checked. The first visit also includes a pelvic care includes education on pregnancy and exam by your healthcare provider. childbirth, plus counseling and support. Pelvic exam Frequent visits with your healthcare provider During the pelvic exam, a bimanual internal allow you to follow the progress of your exam (with two fingers inside the vagina and baby’s development. Visits also give you the one hand on the abdomen) will be performed opportunity to ask questions. Most healthcare to determine the size of your uterus and pelvis. providers welcome your partner at each visit, Your healthcare provider might listen for the as well as interested family members. baby’s heartbeat with a special instrument What happens on my first medical visit? called a doppler, which uses ultrasound (high frequency sound waves). A doppler usually The first visit is designed to determine your
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 3 Embryology and Development
    BIOL 6505 − INTRODUCTION TO FETAL MEDICINE 3. EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT Arlet G. Kurkchubasche, M.D. INTRODUCTION Embryology – the field of study that pertains to the developing organism/human Basic embryology –usually taught in the chronologic sequence of events. These events are the basis for understanding the congenital anomalies that we encounter in the fetus, and help explain the relationships to other organ system concerns. Below is a synopsis of some of the critical steps in embryogenesis from the anatomic rather than molecular basis. These concepts will be more intuitive and evident in conjunction with diagrams and animated sequences. This text is a synopsis of material provided in Langman’s Medical Embryology, 9th ed. First week – ovulation to fertilization to implantation Fertilization restores 1) the diploid number of chromosomes, 2) determines the chromosomal sex and 3) initiates cleavage. Cleavage of the fertilized ovum results in mitotic divisions generating blastomeres that form a 16-cell morula. The dense morula develops a central cavity and now forms the blastocyst, which restructures into 2 components. The inner cell mass forms the embryoblast and outer cell mass the trophoblast. Consequences for fetal management: Variances in cleavage, i.e. splitting of the zygote at various stages/locations - leads to monozygotic twinning with various relationships of the fetal membranes. Cleavage at later weeks will lead to conjoined twinning. Second week: the week of twos – marked by bilaminar germ disc formation. Commences with blastocyst partially embedded in endometrial stroma Trophoblast forms – 1) cytotrophoblast – mitotic cells that coalesce to form 2) syncytiotrophoblast – erodes into maternal tissues, forms lacunae which are critical to development of the uteroplacental circulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Breastfeeding Complications (Women) 2001.04
    05/2015 602 Breastfeeding Complications or Potential Complications (Women) Definition/Cut-off Value A breastfeeding woman with any of the following complications or potential complications for breastfeeding: Complications (or Potential Complications) Severe breast engorgement Cracked, bleeding or severely sore nipples Recurrent plugged ducts Age ≥ 40 years Mastitis (fever or flu-like symptoms with localized Failure of milk to come in by 4 days postpartum breast tenderness) Tandem nursing (breastfeeding two siblings who are Flat or inverted nipples not twins) Participant Category and Priority Level Category Priority Pregnant Women 1 Breastfeeding Women 1 Justification Severe breast engorgement Severe breast engorgement is often caused by infrequent nursing and/or ineffective removal of milk. This severe breast congestion causes the nipple-areola area to become flattened and tense, making it difficult for the baby to latch-on correctly. The result can be sore, damaged nipples and poor milk transfer during feeding attempts. This ultimately results in diminished milk supply. When the infant is unable to latch-on or nurse effectively, alternative methods of milk expression are necessary, such as using an electric breast pump. Recurrent plugged ducts A clogged duct is a temporary back-up of milk that occurs when one or more of the lobes of the breast do not drain well. This usually results from incomplete emptying of milk. Counseling on feeding frequency or method or advising against wearing an overly tight bra or clothing can assist. Mastitis Mastitis is a breast infection that causes a flu-like illness accompanied by an inflamed, painful area of the breast - putting both the health of the mother and successful breastfeeding at risk.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating the Effect of Non-Pharmacological Treatments
    http:// ijp.mums.ac.ir Review Article (Pages: 11041-11047) Investigating the Effect of Non-Pharmacological Treatments on Reduction of Breast Engorgement in Breastfeeding Women: A Review Study Parisa Razmjouei1, Sara Khashkhashi Moghaddam2, Omolbanin Heydari3, Behnoush Mehdizadeh4, Malihe Pouredalati3, Mohammad Tabarestani5, Zahra Ramazanian Bafghi3, Roozbeh Nasibeh6, *Somayeh Moeindarbary71 1Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 2Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 3Students Research Committee, Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 4Department of Pathology, Mashhad University Of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran. 5Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 6Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 7Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neonatal and Maternal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Abstract Background: Breast engorgement is a common postpartum problem that has been identified as the third maternal factor that leads to a decrease or discontinuation of breastfeeding and breast abscess. Considering the side effects of chemical drugs during lactation, the aim of the present review study was to investigate the effect of non-pharmacological treatments on reduction
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive System, Day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12
    Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System, day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12 Time Needed 40-50 minutes Student Learning Objectives To be able to... 1. Distinguish reproductive system facts from myths. 2. Distinguish among definitions of: ovulation, ejaculation, intercourse, fertilization, implantation, conception, circumcision, genitals, and semen. 3. Explain the process of the menstrual cycle and sperm production/ejaculation. Agenda 1. Explain lesson’s purpose. 2. Use transparencies or your own drawing skills to explain the processes of the male and female reproductive systems and to answer “Anonymous Question Box” questions. 3. Use Reproductive System Worksheets #3 and/or #4 to reinforce new terminology. 4. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #5 as a large group exercise to reinforce understanding of the reproductive process. 5. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #6 to further reinforce Activity #2, above. This lesson was most recently edited August, 2009. Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 1 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Materials Needed Classroom Materials: OPTIONAL: Reproductive System Transparency/Worksheets #1 – 2, as 4 transparencies (if you prefer not to draw) OPTIONAL: Overhead projector Student Materials: (for each student) Reproductive System Worksheets 3-6 (Which to use depends upon your class’ skill level. Each requires slightly higher level thinking.) Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 2 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H.
    [Show full text]
  • The Key to Increasing Breastfeeding Duration: Empowering the Healthcare Team
    The Key to Increasing Breastfeeding Duration: Empowering the Healthcare Team By Kathryn A. Spiegel A Master’s Paper submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health in the Public Health Leadership Program. Chapel Hill 2009 ___________________________ Advisor signature/printed name ________________________________ Second Reader Signature/printed name ________________________________ Date The Key to Increasing Breastfeeding Duration 2 Abstract Experts and scientists agree that human milk is the best nutrition for human babies, but are healthcare professionals (HCPs) seizing the opportunity to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding? Not only are HCPs influential to the breastfeeding dyad, they hold a responsibility to perform evidence-based interventions to lengthen the duration of breastfeeding due to the extensive health benefits for mother and baby. This paper examines current HCPs‘ education, practices, attitudes, and extraneous factors to surface any potential contributing factors that shed light on necessary actions. Recommendations to empower HCPs to provide consistent, evidence-based care for the breastfeeding dyad include: standardized curriculum in medical/nursing school, continued education for maternity and non-maternity settings, emphasis on skin-to-skin, enforcement of evidence-based policies, implementation of ‗Baby-Friendly USA‘ interventions, and development of peer support networks. Requisite resources such as lactation consultants as well as appropriate medication and breastfeeding clinical management references aid HCPs in providing best practices to increase breastfeeding duration. The Key to Increasing Breastfeeding Duration 3 The key to increasing breastfeeding duration: Empowering the healthcare team During the colonial era, mothers breastfed through their infants‘ second summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Caesarean Section Or Vaginal Delivery in the 21St Century
    CAESAREAN SECTION OR VAGINAL DELIVERY IN THE 21ST CENTURY ntil the 20th Century, caesarean fluid embolism. The absolute risk of trans-placentally to the foetus, prepar- section (C/S) was a feared op- death with C/S in high and middle- ing the foetus to adopt its mother’s Ueration. The ubiquitous classical resource settings is between 1/2000 and microbiome. C/S interferes with neonatal uterine incision meant high maternal 1/4000 (2, 3). In subsequent pregnancies, exposure to maternal vaginal and skin mortality from bleeding and future the risk of placenta previa, placenta flora, leading to colonization with other uterine rupture. Even with aseptic surgi- accreta and uterine rupture is increased. environmental microbes and an altered cal technique, sepsis was common and These conditions increase maternal microbiome. Routine antibiotic exposure lethal without antibiotics. The operation mortality and severe maternal morbid- with C/S likely alters this further. was used almost solely to save the life of ity cumulatively with each subsequent Microbial exposure and the stress of a mother in whom vaginal delivery was C/S. This is of particular importance to labour also lead to marked activation extremely dangerous, such as one with women having large families. of immune system markers in the cord placenta previa. Foetal death and the use blood of neonates born vaginally or by of intrauterine foetal destructive proce- Maternal Benefits C/S after labour. These changes are absent dures, which carry their own morbidity, C/S has a modest protective effect against in the cord blood of neonates born by were often preferable to C/S.
    [Show full text]
  • “Morning Sickness”
    “Morning sickness” “Morning sickness”, which often occurs throughout the day, is a condition characterized by nausea, indigestion, and periodic vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. The condition varies from mild stomach upset to severe vomiting requiring hospitalization. Despite many years of study, the cause of these symptoms is unknown. Many women worry that failure to eat a full array of foods will somehow harm the fetus, but there is no cause for concern. In the era when intravenous nourishment was impossible, women with severe vomiting were treated with fluids only. Their babies were healthy and of normal birth weight. “Morning sickness” typically passes as the first trimester ends. In the meantime, the following suggestions can help: Separate solid food from liquids. Do not drink and eat simultaneously. Eat small amounts of food throughout the day. Bland foods such as bread or crackers work well. Wear acupressure bands at the pericardium 6 position of each wrist. This site is located three fingerbreadths above the wrist. Get plenty of rest and avoid stress. Avoid spicy and fatty foods. Try small dose of vitamin B6 (10-50mg three times a day). Add half a Unisom Nighttime Sleep Reliever to the B6 to concoct Benedectin, one the safest drugs for morning sickness ever developed. While the actual drug is not available in the US, experts on medications in pregnancy condone its use. If prenatal vitamins make you sick, take folic acid only (in a dose of 800 ug/day) until you feel better. Try antacids such as TUMS EX (which also contains calcium).
    [Show full text]
  • Module 2: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes FINAL Description Text
    Module 2: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes FINAL Description Text Welcome to the module Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes. In this module, we will be discussing hypertensive Slide 1 disorders of pregnancy, including pregnancy induced hypertension and preeclampsia. We will also discuss Gestational Diabetes as well as nutrition solutions related to these issues Slide 2 We will begin by discussing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. There are at least 5 distinct categories of hypertension and related disorders that occur during pregnancy. These categories are: preeclampsia/eclampsia, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia Slide 3 superimposed upon chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension and transient hypertension. Each of these will be discussed individually throughout the module, with recommendations based on best practices provided. Blood pressure is the force of blood on the walls of the arteries. Systolic blood pressure is measured when the ventricles are contracting while diastolic pressure is measured when the ventricles are relaxed. Normal Slide 4 blood pressure is typically 120/80 mm Hg.The general definition of high blood pressure in adults is a systolic BP > 140 mg HG or a diastolic blood pressure > 90 mm Hg. These criteria should be used for women throughout pregnancy. Chronic hypertension often exists prior to pregnancy and continues throughout pregnancy. It may not be noticed until the second trimester of pregnancy if prenatal care is delayed or if women have suffered from prolonged nausea and vomiting or morning sickness. If hypertension is Slide 5 diagnosed in early pregnancy and persists past 6 weeks postpartum, it would be considered to be a chronic health condition.
    [Show full text]
  • Results of the National Child Restraint Use Special Study
    DOT HS 812 142 May 2015 Results of the National Child Restraint Use Special Study This publication is distributed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Suggested APA Format Reference: Greenwell, N. K. (2015, May). Results of the national child restraint use special study. (Report No. DOT HS 812 142). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. DOT HS 812 142 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Results of the National Child Restraint Use Special Study May 2015 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Nathan K. Greenwell 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Office of Vehicle Safety National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 11. Contract or Grant No. Washington, DC 20590 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NHTSA Technical Report 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE. 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, DC 20590 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Bright Futures Parent Handout 4 Month Visit Here Are Some Suggestions from Bright Futures Experts That May Be of Value to Your Family
    Bright Futures Parent Handout 4 Month Visit Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family. How Your Family Is Doing Safety Playtime • Take time for yourself. • Use a rear-facing car safety seat in the back • Learn what things your baby likes and does • Take time together with your partner. seat in all vehicles. not like. • Spend time alone with your other children. • Always wear a seat belt and never drive after • Encourage active play. • Encourage your partner to help care for your using alcohol or drugs. • Offer mirrors, floor gyms, and colorful toys baby. • Keep small objects and plastic bags away to hold. • Choose a mature, trained, and responsible from your baby. • Tummy time—put your baby on his tummy when awake and you can watch. babysitter or caregiver. • Keep a hand on your baby on any high DEVELOPMENT INFANT • You can talk with us about your child care surface from which she can fall and be hurt. • Promote quiet play. choices. • Prevent burns by setting your water heater • Hold and talk with your baby. FAMILY FUNCTIONING FAMILY • Hold, cuddle, talk to, and sing to your baby SAFETY so the temperature at the faucet is 120°F or • Read to your baby often. each day. lower. Crying • Massaging your infant may help your baby go • Do not drink hot drinks when holding your • Give your baby a pacifier or his fingers or to sleep more easily. baby. thumb to suck when crying. • Never leave your baby alone in bathwater, • Get help if you and your partner are in Healthy Teeth conflict.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stunted Development of in Vitro Fertilization in the United States, 1975-1992
    EMBRYONIC POLICIES: THE STUNTED DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES, 1975-1992 Erin N. McKenna A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2006 Committee: Dr. Leigh Ann Wheeler, Advisor Dr. Walter Grunden ii Abstract The federal government’s failure to fund research on in vitro fertilization has had an important legacy and significant consequences in the United States. Due to the dismantling of the Ethics Advisory Board in 1980, no government funding was provided for research for in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfer (ET), and gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT). The lack of government funding, regulation, and involvement has resulted in the false advertising of higher success rates to lure patients into the infertility specialists’ offices. In their desperation to have children, consumers of such medical technologies paid exorbitant fees that often remained uncovered by insurance companies. The federal government enacted legislation in 1992 attempting to alleviate some of the aspects of exploitation of the consumer-patient. The government’s recognition of the importance of such procedures was hit and miss, though, much like the reproductive technology itself. The legacy is one that has resulted in American citizens who now turn to developing countries such as Israel and India, where the treatment is drastically cheaper and often more effective. I attempt to explain the federal government’s response to New Reproductive Technologies (NRTs), beginning with in vitro fertilization, thus exploring why and how this debate has inextricably been linked to the ongoing abortion debate.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Obstetrical Coding Production of This Document Is Made Possible by Financial Contributions from Health Canada and Provincial and Territorial Governments
    ICD-10-CA | CCI A Guide to Obstetrical Coding Production of this document is made possible by financial contributions from Health Canada and provincial and territorial governments. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of Health Canada or any provincial or territorial government. Unless otherwise indicated, this product uses data provided by Canada’s provinces and territories. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may be reproduced unaltered, in whole or in part and by any means, solely for non-commercial purposes, provided that the Canadian Institute for Health Information is properly and fully acknowledged as the copyright owner. Any reproduction or use of this publication or its contents for any commercial purpose requires the prior written authorization of the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Reproduction or use that suggests endorsement by, or affiliation with, the Canadian Institute for Health Information is prohibited. For permission or information, please contact CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information 495 Richmond Road, Suite 600 Ottawa, Ontario K2A 4H6 Phone: 613-241-7860 Fax: 613-241-8120 www.cihi.ca [email protected] © 2018 Canadian Institute for Health Information Cette publication est aussi disponible en français sous le titre Guide de codification des données en obstétrique. Table of contents About CIHI ................................................................................................................................. 6 Chapter 1: Introduction ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]