DOCSLIB.ORG

Education for Muslim Children in the Uk: a Critical Analysis of Some Issues Arising from Contrasting Liberal and Islamic Approaches to Contemporary Problems

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Education for Muslim Children in the Uk: a Critical Analysis of Some Issues Arising from Contrasting Liberal and Islamic Approaches to Contemporary Problems ?A 1615 ý EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE UK: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME ISSUES ARISING FROM CONTRASTING LIBERAL AND ISLAMIC APPROACHES TO CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS BY J. M. HALSTEAD CORPUS CHRISTI COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRA41Y CAMABROGE A DISSERTATIONSUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE IN CANDIDATURE FOR THE DEGREEOF DOCTOROF PHILOSOPHYIN EDUCATION SEPTEMBER1989 PREFACE I certify that this dissertationis the result of my own work and includesnothing which is the outcomeof work done in collaboration. Where anotherauthor has been quotedor otherwisereferred to, this is indicatedin the courseof the text. I further declare that this dissertation is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at any other university. No part of my dissertation has already been or is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification. The dissertation is, however, on a related topic to my M. Phil. thesis which was submitted to the University of Cambridge in 1985, and published in an expandedversion the following year under the title The Case for Muslim Voluntary-Aided Schools: some Philosophical Reflections. The main arguments of the M. Phil. thesis are summarised in the last section of Chapter Eight of the present dissertation, and brief references to it elsewhere in the dissertation are indicated by the reference '(Halstead, 1986)'. I further certify that the dissertationdoes not exceedthe prescribedlimit of 80,000 words. Finally, I acknowledge with warm gratitude the advice and support of my supervisor at the University of Cambridge Department of Education, Mr T. H. McLaughlin, throughoutthe period of writing. 2 SUMMARY OF DISSERTATION: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME ISSUES ARISING FROM CONTRASTING LIBERAL AND ISLAMIC APPROACHES TO CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS. BY J. M. HALSTEAD An analysisof contemporarytrends in the educationof Muslim children in the U.K. indicatesthat in the 1960sand 1970sthere was a strongemphasis on meetingthe specialneeds of Muslim children, but theseneeds were neitherdefined by the Muslim community nor based on any framework of Islamic values. More recently, some educationalproviders have soughtto respondat leastto someMuslim demands,and a notion of accountabilityto the Muslim communityis developingin somequarters. Accountability, however, implies rights, and rights are usually understood from within a liberal framework of values. On a liberal view, the rights of Muslim parents to bring up their children in their own religion and the rights of the Muslim community to educate Muslim children in keeping with distinctive Islamic beliefs and values are constrained by the claim that the autonomy of the child must be vouchsafed in any form of educational provision. There is clearly a deep-seatedclash of values between Islam and liberalism. From a sketch of fundamental Islamic values, an Islamic view of education may be developedwhich is in disagreementwith liberal education particularly on three points: the need for critical openness, the need for personal and moral autonomy and the need to negotiate a set of agreed values if any common educational system is to be achieved. The search for sufficient common ground between liberals and Muslims is unsuccessfulbecause Muslims insist on building their education around 3 Summary a set of religious beliefs which liberals believe schoolshave no businessto reinforce, while liberalsoffend Islamicprinciples by insistingthat religiousbeliefs, like all beliefs, must always be considered challengeable and revisable and should therefore be presentedto children in a way which respectsthe ultimate freedom of individuals to make choices for themselves. The only way out of this impassein practice is for liberals to back down from their insistenceon a commoneducation for all children,and to accept that Muslims should be allowed their own denominational schools. The dangerthat the Muslim communitymay becomeisolated and sociallyvulnerable may be reduced through increased co-operation with other faith communities, especially Christians. The dissertationthus consistsof three intertwining strands:multi-culturalism in educationalpolicy; applied social philosophy,especially relating to rights and liberal education; and Islamic theology. It begins with an examination of contemporary practice,moves to an analysisof the issuesand principles underlying that practice,and then finally returnsto practicewith recommendationsmade in the light of the preceding discussion. 4 CONTENTS PART ONE: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K: PROBLEMS, PRACTICE AND PRINCIPLES. CHAPTER ONE: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K: THE PROBLEMS 8 ..................................................... CHAPTERTWO: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U.K: PRACTICE 33 CONTEMPORARY .................................. CHAIYFERTHREE: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U.K: THE PRINCIPLE OF ACCOUNTABILITY .................... 55 PART TWO: THE RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS: A LIBERAL PERSPECTIVE. CHAVIER FOUR: THE LIBERAL OF VALUES 85 FRAMEWORK ................. CHAPTERFIVE: A LIBERAL VIEW OF MUSLIM PARENTS'RIGHTS 96 ...... CHAPTER SIX: A LIBERAL VIEW OF MUSLIM COMMUNITY RIGHTS.116 5 Contents PART THREE: THE ISLAMIC WORLD VIEW. CHAPTERSEVEN: AN ISLAMIC FRAMEWORK OF VALUES 149 .................. CHAPTEREIGHT: AN ISLAMIC VIEW OF EDUCAnON 169 ........................ CHAPTERNINE: ISLAM AND LIBERALISM: THE SEARCH FOR COMMON GROUND 201 . .................. PART FOUR: EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K: POSSIBILITIES. CHAPTERTEN: MUSLIM DENOMINATIONAL SCHOOLS RECONSIDERED 235 . ................................................ APPENDIX ONE 256 ............................................................................. BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................. 282 6 PART ONE EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K: PROBLEMS, PRACTICE AND PRINCIPLES. 7 CHAPTER ONE EDUCATION FOR MUSLIM CHILDREN IN THE U. K.: THE PROBLEMS The questionof what sort of educationshould be providedfor Muslim childrenin the U.K. hasbecome one of the biggestissues facing educationaldecision makers at the presenttime. The problem is a recent one, for it is only in the last thirty yearsthat a Muslim communityof any significantsize at all hasexisted in the U.K., and only in the last ten yearsor so that demandsfor educationalchange have been voiced seriouslyby Muslim parentsand leaders. There are still no accuratefigures of the numbersof Muslims in the U.K. A total of one-and-a-halfto two million is often mentioned(cf McDermottand Ahsan, 1980,p 11), but this may be an over-estimate.What is not in dispute,however, is the fact that the Muslim community is the fastestgrowing of all religious, racial or ethnic minority groupsin the U.K. The CentralStatistical Office estimatesthat the numberof Muslims has risen from 400,000 in 1975 to 750,000 in 1983 and to 900,000 in 1989 (CSO, 1989, para. 11.8), making them the third largest religious group in the U.K., after Anglicansand Roman Catholics. The Muslims, of course,are only one of severalgroups of immigrantsto arrive in this country over the last 150 years.Earlier groups,such as the Irish, the Jewsand the EastEuropeans, were expectedto integrateand becomeassimilated into British culture as quickly as possible and were generally welcomed to the extent that they were preparedto conform (cf Halstead,1988, ch 1). On the whole, they learnedto do this, and graduallybecame almost indistinguishable from the indigenouspopulation. Thus Muslims began in when to arrive significant numbersfrom the Indian sub-continent UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CAMBRIDGE ChapterOne from the late 1950'sonwards, to supply a demandfor cheapand compliant labour, it was assumedthat if they stayed in the UX - and many came originally with the intentionof returningto their countryof origin in due course- they too would gradually integrate. It has taken sometime for it to becomeapparent that Muslims may not, in fact, follow the patternof previouswaves of immigrants. Someof the characteristicsof the Muslim community which mark them out as distinct from the indigenous population are naturally the same as those of earlier immigrants: the use of unfamiliar languagesand correspondinginadequate grasp of English;the emotionaland other links with their placeof origin; the strongemphasis on family andcommunity loyalty; the initial desireto maintaintheir distinctiveculture; and the tendencyto be concentratedat the lower endof the scalein housingand employment (or, more recently, unemployment). Other distinguishing characteristics,however, may provemore difficult to castoff. In commonwith morerecent waves of immigrants such as the West Indians, the Hindus, the Sikhs and the Vietnameseboat people,the vast majority of Muslims in the U.K. have a racial origin and skin colour which make them immediatelydistinguishable from the indigenouswhite populationand which can easily form the basisfor prejudiceand discrimination. The lack of a commonEuropean culiure, as seenin their dress,diet, music,habits of bargainingand many other areasof behaviour, makes their 'foreignness' more noticeable. The practice of arranged marriagesamong Asians has ensured that therehas been virtually no intermarriagewith other communities.In many of the largerBritish cities, Muslims andother Asianshave set up a whole network of small businesseswhich serveto make their communities more self-contained.As Shepherdpoints out, The cotVlete
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Conservative Party Strategy, 1997-2001: Nation and National Identity
    Conservative Party Strategy, 1997-2001: Nation and National Identity A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy , Claire Elizabeth Harris Department of Politics, University of Sheffield September 2005 Acknowledgements There are so many people I'd like to thank for helping me through the roller-coaster experience of academic research and thesis submission. Firstly, without funding from the ESRC, this research would not have taken place. I'd like to say thank you to them for placing their faith in my research proposal. I owe a huge debt of gratitude to Andrew Taylor. Without his good humour, sound advice and constant support and encouragement I would not have reached the point of completion. Having a supervisor who is always ready and willing to offer advice or just chat about the progression of the thesis is such a source of support. Thank you too, to Andrew Gamble, whose comments on the final draft proved invaluable. I'd also like to thank Pat Seyd, whose supervision in the first half of the research process ensured I continued to the second half, his advice, experience and support guided me through the challenges of research. I'd like to say thank you to all three of the above who made the change of supervisors as smooth as it could have been. I cannot easily put into words the huge effect Sarah Cooke had on my experience of academic research. From the beginnings of ESRC application to the final frantic submission process, Sarah was always there for me to pester for help and advice.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservative Party Leaders and Officials Since 1975
    BRIEFING PAPER Number 07154, 6 February 2020 Conservative Party and Compiled by officials since 1975 Sarah Dobson This List notes Conservative Party leaders and officials since 1975. Further reading Conservative Party website Conservative Party structure and organisation [pdf] Constitution of the Conservative Party: includes leadership election rules and procedures for selecting candidates. Oliver Letwin, Hearts and Minds: The Battle for the Conservative Party from Thatcher to the Present, Biteback, 2017 Tim Bale, The Conservative Party: From Thatcher to Cameron, Polity Press, 2016 Robert Blake, The Conservative Party from Peel to Major, Faber & Faber, 2011 Leadership elections The Commons Library briefing Leadership Elections: Conservative Party, 11 July 2016, looks at the current and previous rules for the election of the leader of the Conservative Party. Current state of the parties The current composition of the House of Commons and links to the websites of all the parties represented in the Commons can be found on the Parliament website: current state of the parties. www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary Conservative Party leaders and officials since 1975 Leader start end Margaret Thatcher Feb 1975 Nov 1990 John Major Nov 1990 Jun 1997 William Hague Jun 1997 Sep 2001 Iain Duncan Smith Sep 2001 Nov 2003 Michael Howard Nov 2003 Dec 2005 David Cameron Dec 2005 Jul 2016 Theresa May Jul 2016 Jun 2019 Boris Johnson Jul 2019 present Deputy Leader # start end William Whitelaw Feb 1975 Aug 1991 Peter Lilley Jun 1998 Jun 1999 Michael Ancram Sep 2001 Dec 2005 George Osborne * Dec 2005 July 2016 William Hague * Dec 2009 May 2015 # There has not always been a deputy leader and it is often an official title of a senior Conservative politician.
    [Show full text]
  • The London Gazette, 23Rd June 1987 8005
    THE LONDON GAZETTE, 23RD JUNE 1987 8005 475. Dudley East Borough Constituency 508. Bradford West Borough Constituency Doctor The Right Honourable John William GILBERT. Maxwell Francis MADDEN, Esquire. 476. Dudley West Borough Constituency 509. Halifax Borough Constituency John Graham BLACKBURN, Esquire. Alice Mrs. MAHON. 477. Halesowen and Stourbridge Borough Constituency 510. Huddersfield Borough Constituency John Heydon Romaine STOKES, Esquire. Barry John SHEERMAN, Esquire. 478. Solihull Borough Constituency 511. Leeds Central Borough Constituency John Mark TAYLOR, Esquire. Derek John FATCHETT, Esquire. 479. Sutton Coldfield Borough Constituency 512. Leeds East Borough Constituency The Right Honourable Peter Norman FOWLER. The Right Honourable Denis Winston HEALEY, C.H., M.B.E. 480. Walsall North Borough Constituency 513. Leeds North East Borough Constituency David Julian WINNICK Esquire. Timothy John Robert KIRKHOPE, Esquire. 481. Walsall South Borough Constituency 514. Leeds North West Borough Constituency Bruce Thomas GEORGE, Esquire. Doctor Keith HAMPSON. 482. Warley East Borough Constituency 515. Leeds West Borough Constituency Andrew Matthew William FAULDS, Esquire. John Dominic BATTLE, Esquire. 483. Warley West Borough Constituency 516. Morley and Leeds South Borough Constituency The Right Honourable Peter Kingsley ARCHER, Q.C. The Right Honourable Merlyn REES. 484. West Bromwich East Borough Constituency 517. Pudsey Borough Constituency Peter Charles SNAPE, Esquire. John Giles Dunkerley SHAW, Esquire, (now Sir John Giles Dunkerley SHAW, Knight). 485. West Bromwich West Borough Constituency Miss Betty BOOTHROYD. 518. Wakefield Borough Constituency David Martin HINCHLIFFE, Esquire. 486. Wolverhampton North East Borough Constituency Maureen Patricia, Mrs. HICKS. WILTSHIRE 487. Wolverhampton South East Borough Constituency 519. Devizes County Constituency Dennis TURNER, Esquire. Charles Andrew MORRISON, Esquire (commonly called The Honourable Charles Andrew MORRISON).
    [Show full text]
  • “Now Is the Time to Put an End to All This.” Argumentative Discourse Theory and Letters to the Editor
    “Now is the time to put an end to all this.” Argumentative Discourse Theory and Letters to the Editor. John E. Richardson Sheffield University, UK Abstract The principle aim of this paper is to apply argumentative discourse theory to the genre of letters to the editor, specifically letters written into and subsequently printed in the British Broadsheet press. The letters were all written in response to prior newspaper articles and reporting, in which Islam and/or Muslims were cited as actors.The Pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation is applied as a model for explaining and understanding argument, emphasising the functional, contextual and interactive features of argumentative discourse. As the name suggests, the theory rejects the traditionally strict bifurcation of dialectic and rhetorical dimensions of argumentation, (re)uniting them in the model. Data is drawn from doctoral research in progress on the representation of Islam and Muslims in the British Broadsheet press, supported by ESRC Postgraduate Award (R00429834654). Argumentation, an example: If immigrants will not adapt to our ways in public life - as Christians readily do in Muslim countries - the future looks grim. And if veils become commonplace in Britain, villains could resort to them instead of the less concealing stocking mask. Add a loose robe and you would never know the wearer’s sex. Mona McNee, Daily Telegraph, 5/12/97, p. 29. As an example of hate speech masquerading as informed argumentation, the above example is remarkable. Unfortunately, as illustrated below, it is far from exceptional. The text is a letter written by a reader of the British Broadsheet newspaper Daily Telegraph, in response to a news-story printed two days previously, on December 3rd, 1997.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Discourse Analysis of Adjectives Used with the Word Multiculturalism in British Print Media
    International Journal of Linguistics ISSN 1948-5425 2016, Vol. 8, No. 6 Critical Discourse Analysis of Adjectives Used with the Word Multiculturalism in British Print Media Sadok Abcha Institut Préparatoire Aux Etudes Littéraires et de Sciences Humaines, Université de Tunis, Tunisia College of Languages and Translation, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia Tel: 966-563-244-214 E-mail: [email protected] Received: Dec. 5, 2016 Accepted: Dec. 15, 2016 Published: December 27, 2016 doi:10.5296/ijl.v8i6.10405 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i6.10405 Abstract The present paper critically analyses the ideological uses of the adjectives used to describe multiculturalism in opinion articles published by two British quality newspapers, The Telegraph and The Times, which politically lean to The Right. Methodologically, the sample on which this study is based has been retrieved from the websites of the two dailies by means of the Key Word In Context (KWIC) technique, which has been used to look for comment articles published between July 2005 and December 2015, and in which the search word, multiculturalism used with an adjective featured. Using Fairclough’s theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the study pinpoints the ideological underpinnings of the adjectives used with the word multiculturalism in the editorials. The study found out that all the adjectives are used in a derogative way to describe multiculturalism as being unreasonable, harmful and unsuccessful. Significantly, this paper provides critical insight into the peculiar uses of derogative adjectives in comment articles dealing with multiculturalism and avers that negative adjectives are not simply linguistic elements, but most importantly, ideological tools.
    [Show full text]
  • Ordinary People Theodore Dalrymple Worse Than Rupert Myles Harris Horror in the Fjords Paul Gottfried Poland's Road to Brussel
    The The quarterly magazine of conservative thought Ordinary People Horror in the Fjords Arab Winter Theodore Dalrymple Paul Gottfried Pavel Stroilov Worse than Poland’s Road to Why Single Rupert Brussels Currencies Fail Myles Harris Jane Kelly Christie Davies Autumn 2011 Vol 30 No 1 £4.99 Contents 3 Editorial Articles 4 The Rape of Justice 17 God’s Atoms Stephen Baskerville Brian Ridley 6 Poland’s Road to Brussels 19 ‘Don’t Worry?’ Jane Kelly Frances Hallinan 8 Worse Than Rupert 20 The Climate of Treason Myles Harris James Bryson 9 Arab Winter 21 Horror in the Fjords Pavel Stroilov Paul Gottfried 11 How Single Currencies Fail 23 Abolish Disney Degrees Christie Davies Vernon Rogers 13 Ordinary People 26 Growing Old Disgracefully Theodore Dalrymple Henry Oliver 14 Nothing to Hide, Nothing to Fear? 27 The Lawyers’ Trough Mark Griffith Richard Packer 16 Machiavelli’s Influence on British Philosophy 29 No Joking at the BBC Edmund O’Toole Marc Blake Columns Arts & Books 37 John Jolliffe 31 Conservative Classic — 44 on Italy Frederick Rolfe: Hadrian the Seventh 38 Nicolai Tolstoy 33 Reputations — 33 on Lawrence of Arabia Robertson Davies 39 William Charlton 35 Roy Kerridge on Alistair McIntyre 36 Eternal Life 41 M R D Foot Peter Mullen on Italian Resistance 42 Martin Dewhirst on Borderlands 43 Nigel Jones on the Cavaliers 45 Celia Haddon on the Fur Trade 46 Anthony Hallgarten on Spin Bowlers 47 Robert Crowcroft on the Coalition 49 Penelope Tremayne on an Unknown War 50 Frank Ellis on Afghanistan 52 Will Robinson on Murder 53 M R D Foot on a Call to Arms 54 Theatre: Richard Foulkes on Tom Stoppard 56 Music: R J Stove on Widor 58 In Short Managing Editor: Merrie Cave Consulting Editors: Roger Scruton Lord Charles Cecil, Myles Harris, Mark Baillie, Christie Davies, Literary Editor: Ian Crowther 33 Canonbury Park South, London N1 2JW Tel: 020 7226 7791 Fax: 020 7354 0383 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.salisburyreview.co.uk ritain is, as usual, being undermined from itself a lie.
    [Show full text]
  • English Conservatism and the Aesthetics of Architecture
    English Conservatism and the Aesthetics of Architecture Michael Rustin Prologue many weeks of the year. If one wants to ~ake an argument Architecture seems a 'natural' subject for conservatives, for the importance of tradition in social life, architecture and it is therefore fitting that it has become one of the seems to be the prototypical place to do so. maill t·:!rrains for the advocacy of the intellectual perspect­ Yet the ideological need for this arises paradoxically ives of the New Right. Particularly, that is, of the New because the intellectual field of architecture has been Right in England, where organic and traditionalist ideas dominated until recently in England by the protagonists of have remained more influential than in the more individual­ the Modern. A generation of architectural writers and hist­ ist stream of neo-conservative thought in the United orians, which included Nicholas Pevsner, James Richards, States. The critique of 'modernism' has been a major theme Herbert Read and even John Summerson, argued for the of t l1e architectural journals in England for several years. proper linkage of a new architecture with a more demo­ Some months ago the Prince 'of Wales, probably by no cratic and egalitarian society. While the advocacy and means a 'new rightist' in general outlook, chose to launch practice of 'modernism' in England has taken the evolution­ an attack on the sins of modern architecture, and on the ary and mild form that one might expect from other as­ National Gallery Extension plans and the proposed Mies van pects of British social development, nevertheless it has der Rohe skyscraper in the City of London in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Trans-Atlantic Elements in the Domestic Policy Attitudes of the British and American Conservative Movements, 1980-1990
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects Summer 2016 Trans-Atlantic Elements in the Domestic Policy Attitudes of the British and American Conservative Movements, 1980-1990. Samuel Inigo Packer College of William and Mary - Arts & Sciences, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Packer, Samuel Inigo, "Trans-Atlantic Elements in the Domestic Policy Attitudes of the British and American Conservative Movements, 1980-1990." (2016). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1499449838. http://doi.org/10.21220/S21H29 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Trans-Atlantic elements in the Domestic policy attitudes of the British and American Conservative Movements,1980-1990. Samuel Inigo Packer Chilmark, Wiltshire, United Kingdom Bachelor of Arts, University of Oxford, 2015. A Thesis presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts. Lyon G. Tyler Department of History The College of William and Mary August, 2016 © Copyright by Samuel Inigo Packer 2016 ABSTRACT Trans-Atlantic elements in the Domestic policy attitudes of the British and American Conservative Movements,1980-1990. This paper explores the relationship between British and American Conservative activists during the 1980s when Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan dominated the politics of their respective countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    BIBLIOGRAPHY A. INTERVIEWS Jacob Rees-Mogg MP (London), 9th February 2016. Jesse Norman MP (London), 12th September 2016. Nicholas Winterton (Cheshire), 23rd September 2016. Ann Winterton (Cheshire), 23rd September 2016. Peter Hitchens (London), 11th October 2016. Anne Widdecombe (London), 11th October 2016. Lord Salisbury (London), 12th October 2016. Sir William Cash MP (London), 13th October 2016. Sir Edward Leigh MP (London), 17th January 2017. David Burrowes MP (London), 17th January 2017. Charles Moore (London), 17th January 2017. Philip Davies MP (London), 19th January 2017. Sir Gerald Howarth MP (London), 19th January 2017. Dr. Myles Harris (London), 27th January 2017. Lord Sudeley (London), 6th February 2017. Jonathan Aitken (London), 6th February 2017. David Nicholson (London), 13th February 2017. Gregory Lauder-Frost (telephone), 23rd February 2017. Richard Ritchie (London), 8th March 2017. Tim Janman (London), 27th March 2017. Lord Deben (London), 4th April 2017. Lord Griffths of Fforestfach (London), 6th April 2017. Lord Tebbit (London), 6th April 2017. Sir Adrian Fitzgerald (London), 10th April 2017. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020 191 K. Hickson, Britain’s Conservative Right since 1945, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27697-3 192 BIBLIOGRAPHY Edward Norman (telephone), 28th April 2017. Cedric Gunnery (London), 2nd May 2017. Paul Bristol (London), 3rd May 2017. Harvey Thomas (London), 3rd May 2017. Ian Crowther (telephone), 12th May 2017. Iain Duncan Smith MP (London), 4th July 2017. Angela Ellis-Jones (London), 4th July 2017. John Hayes MP (London), 4th July 2017. Dennis Walker (London), 24th July 2017. Lord Howard of Lympne (London), 12th September 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Roger Scruton
    ROGER SCRUTON Roger Vernon Scruton 27 February 1944 – 12 January 2020 elected Fellow of the British Academy 2008 by ANTHONY O’HEAR There can be little doubt that by the time of his death in 2020 Sir Roger Scruton had become one of the most important thinkers of his time, not just in Britain, but throughout the English-speaking world and in Europe, particularly in Central Europe. The term ‘thinker’ is used advisedly here. For while Scruton was primarily and pre- eminently a philosopher, indeed an academic philosopher, his range and influence extended into many fields, including religion, music, architecture, politics, the environ- ment, culture in a general sense, the writing of novels, the appreciation of wine, defences of hunting and traditional country life and the nature of animal rights. In addition to his writing, he composed music, including two operas, was a publisher and editor and advised governments. He was active politically in this country and played a significant role in dissident movements in the Eastern bloc before and after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the British Academy, XIX, 447–465 Posted 26 November 2020. © British Academy 2020. ROGER SCRUTON Academic career Roger Vernon Scruton was born in Lincolnshire in 1944, and educated at the Royal Grammar School in High Wycombe from 1954 to 1961. He then attended Jesus College, Cambridge, from 1962 to 1965 and again from 1967 to 1969. He took a Double First in Moral Sciences (Philosophy) in 1967, after which he spent a year as a lecteur in the University College of Pau.
    [Show full text]
  • Discourse and Inequality *
    Lenguas Modernas 2l (1994), 19-37 Universidad de Chile DISCOURSE AND INEQUALITY * TruN A. vAN DrJK University of Amsterdam PREFACE I am grateful and honored to be able to address you on the relations between discourse and inequality. The theme of this conference, "Communication and Equality", is important and timely. I may assume I speak also for the other participants when I say that we are all indebted to the organizers of this conference, and in particular to Professor Margaret Mclaughlin, for the social commitment expressed by the choice of this theme. In my opinion, not only the study of discourse and communication itself will be theoretically and empirically enriched by the analysis of funda- mental social problems. Also, we may hope, such an analysis may contribute to a broader understanding, and ultimately to the solution of such problems -if only because of a critical position taken towards those who are responsible for, and who have the highest interests in the perpetuation of social inequality, namely, the dominant elites. Since we belong ourselves to a fraction of these elites, that is, to the academic or symbolic elites, this critical stance is necessarily also a form of self-criticism. Although I appreciate the positive implications of the formulation of the topic of this conference, I shall focus on inequality rather than on equality, with the understanding that I hope that my analysis will ultimately contribute to the realization of the same goal, viz., social equality and justice. * This paper was presented as an invited keynote address to the international conference of the International CommunicationAssociation, ICA, held in Dublin inJune 1990.
    [Show full text]
  • Principles of Critical Discourse Analysis
    Principles of critical discourse analysis Teun A. van Dijk UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM ____________________________________________________ ABSTRACT. This paper discusses some principles of critical discourse analy- sis, such as the explicit sociopolitical stance of discourse analysts, and a focus on dominance relations by elite groups and institutions as they are being enacted, legitimated or otherwise reproduced by text and talk. One of the crucial elements of this analysis of the relations between power and discourse is the patterns of access to (public) discourse for different social groups. Theoretically it is shown that in order to be able to relate power and discourse in an explicit way, we need the cognitive interface of models. knowledge, attitudes and ideologies and other social represen- tations of the social mind, which also relate the individual and the social, and the micro- and the macro-levels of social structure. Finally, the argu- ment is illustrated with an analysis of parliamentary debates about ethnic affairs. KEY WORDS: access, critical discourse analysis, discourse, dominance, Great Britain, parliamentary debates. power, racism, social cognition, text ____________________________________________________ 1. INTRODUCTION This paper discusses some principles, aims and criteria of a critical dis- course analysis (CDA). It tries to answer (critical) questions such as What is critical discourse analysis (anyway) ? , How is it different from other types of discourse analysis? , What are its aims, special methods, and especially what is its theoretical foundation? Also, it acknowledges the need to examine, in rather practical terms. how one goes about doing a critical analysis of text and talk. In general, the answers to such questions presuppose a study of the relations between discourse, power, dominance, social inequality and the position of the discourse analyst in such social relationships.
    [Show full text]