Deploying COVID-19 Vaccines Equitably Through COVAX

Deploying COVID-19 vaccines equitably through COVAX

Annelies Wilder-Smith MD PhD Professor of Emerging Infecous Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (part-me) Adjunct Professor, ISPM Bern Consultant, WHO SAGE Working Group on COVID-19 vaccines Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Travel Medicine ACT Accelerator – Key events

24th April 2020 04th May 2020

ACT-A Launch event Coronavirus Global Response By end of May EU announced pledging event $9.8 B raised

Launch event of landmark European Commission registered Global Citizens Event 27 June collaboration to accelerate the €7.4 billion in pledges from $6.9 B raised development, production and donors worldwide. This includes a equitable distribution of vaccines, pledge of €1.4 billion by the diagnostics and therapeutics for European Commission. COVID-19

Source: WHO. Pictured: WHO DG Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus and EC President Ursula von der Leyen COVAX 4

COVAX goals

To end the acute phase of the pandemic by the end of 2021

To deliver 2 billion doses by end of 2021

To guarantee fair and equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines for all parcipants

To support the largest acvely managed porolio of vaccine candidates globally

At its core, the Facility is a risk-sharing mechanism – reducing risk for countries concerned about failing to secure access to a viable vaccine and reducing risk for manufacturers concerned about invesng without assured demand

Speed, Scale, Access Allocation Framework and Allocation Mechanism for Vaccines based on extensive country input Goals Protect public health and minimize societal and economic impact by reducing COVID-19 mortality Further priority groups

High-risk adults Participants receive doses to Priorities Health and social care workers cover more than 20% of their All participants receive population. All participants receive doses to additional doses beyond the 3% to total 20% of their This would cover additional priority cover 3% of their population. populations. population (in tranches). This would be enough to cover all workers involved in health and This could include the elderly, social care work. adults with comorbidities or others depending on locally If protracted severe supply relevant risk factors Participants receive doses constraints remain, timing is Timing proportionally to their total based on participants’ population* vulnerability and COVID-19 threat

Note: A buffer The fundamental will also principle be applies set thataside all participants for emergency receive doses at thedeployment same rate to the extent based possible, on notwithstanding immediate likely needs practical limitations to be further worked out (e.g. minimum delivery volumes)

Speed, Scale, Access 5

Doses administered per country PRELIMINARY – THIS LIST MAY NOT BE EXHAUSTIVE DATA AS OF 25 MAY 10:00AM CET Of the 15 COVID-19 vaccines now in use, AstraZeneca & Pﬁzer products remain the most prevalent

SII - Covishield only AstraZeneca - Vaxzevria only Unspeciﬁed or both

Vaccine Number of countries & economies using the vaccine

AstraZeneca - Vaxzevria / SII - Covishield 87 57 28 172

Pﬁzer BioNTech - Comirnaty 113

Beijing CNBG - BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) 66

Moderna - mRNA-1273 61

Gamaleya - Gam-Covid-Vac (Sputnik V) 55

Janssen - Ad26.COV 2-S 46

Sinovac - CoronaVac 35

Bharat - Covaxin 10

Novavax - Covavax 5

Wuhan CNBG - Inacvated 5

CanSino - Convidecia 4

SRCVB - EpiVacCorona 2

Anhui ZL - Recombinant 1

32 economies are using 1 vaccine; 177 are using 2 or more vaccines

1. World Bank classiﬁcaon (2021) of 218 economies. Note: The term country, used interchangeably with economy, does not imply polical independence but refers to any territory for which authories report separate social or economic stascs.

Source: Our World in data, WHO, Government websites; Press research 8

Cou

Naonal Deployment plans incomplete Indemniﬁcaon, no-fault compensaon, import regulaons Vaccine Adverse Event Surveillance inadequate Cold-chain and Storage High Wastage

DATA AS OF 27 MAY 10:00AM CET 1,742M doses of COVID-19 vaccine have been administered1 in 210 countries, areas, territories & economies2

COVAX has shipped 72.0M doses to 125 parcipants4 1,742M vaccine doses1 have been administered globally Campaigns have not yet started in 10 countries, economies & territories2

Note: The designaons employed and the presentaon of these materials do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its authories, or concerning the delimitaon of its froners or boundaries. Doed and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. 1. Source of data: Bloomberg; 2. Total of 220 countries, areas, territories & economies: 218 economies listed by World Bank + WHO Member states Cook Islands + Niue 3. WHO COVID-19 Dashboard at hps://covid19.who.int/ ; 4. Including donaons of doses through COVAX 17 DATA AS OF 25 MAY 10:00AM CET Inequity is decreasing, but HICs have administered 69x more doses per inhabitant than LICs

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Worldwide COVID-19 doses administered per 100 populaon Average per income group

60 53.5 50

40 Switch to WHO data 30 source 20.2 20 19.1 10 8.3 0 0.8 Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Rao of 10,000x 200x 84x 69x HIC to LIC 0 doses in LICs

SOURCE: Our World in Data (Dec-Mar 7); WHO Dashboard (Mar 12 onwards); source for income groups: World Bank. Using the latest available values for each week. 18 What is Switzerland`s role?

Dose-sharing Financial contribuons to COVAX Sharing of unused vaccines 20 Impact and effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths following a nationwide vaccination campaign in Israel: an observational study using national surveillance data

Eric J Haas, MD, Frederick J Angulo, PhD, John M McLaughlin, PhD, Emilia Anis, MD, Shepherd R Singer, MD, Farid Khan, MPH, Nati Brooks, MA, Meir Smaja, BA, Gabriel Mircus, PhD, Kaijie Pan, MS, Jo Southern, PhD, David L Swerdlow, MD, Luis Jodar, PhD, Yeheskel Levy, MD, Sharon Alroy-Preis, MD

The Lancet Volume 397 Issue 10287 Pages 1819-1829 (May 2021) DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00947-8