NC PH PUBLIC HISTORY NEWS

Volume 13, Number 2 Winter 1993

1993 Annual Meeting - Valley Forge

The fifteenth annual conference of the about the restoration of chair a session on "Publk National Council on Public History will be nearby Pottsgrove Archaeology in Penn­ hosted by Valley Forge National Historical Manor in the ses- sylvania" and Park from April 29 to May 2, 1993. Partici­ sion on "Read- Russell Smith, pants will experience Valley Forge while ing Cultural Chief of Inter­ the park celebrates its centennial year­ Landscapes." pretation at the the one hundredth anniversary of the Catherine Mid-Atlantic establishment of Pennsylvania's first state Goulet of Region of the park. According to NCPH President Mar­ the Phila­ National tin V. Melosi the meeting "should prove to delphia Park Ser­ be the most original gathering of our orga­ Historic vice will nization ever." Preserva­ moderate George Washington marched the Con­ tion Cor­ the session tinental Anny into winter quarters at Val­ poration on "The ley Forge on December 19, 1777. There will Appear­ many Americans persevered through six speak ance of the months of camp life in crude log huts, about House of enduring the uncertainties of a fledgling preserv- Represen­ system and overcoming disease ing his­ tatives despair. No battles were fought at toric Chamber in alley Forge, but adverse circumstances houses of Federal sorely tested the commitment of the sol­ worship in Philadel­ diers and their leaders. the session phia." Today-the Valley Forge winter camp­ titled "Past Two ses­ ground is maintained by the National Park and Present, sions will fea­ Service, following a distinguished eighty­ Shaping History ture bus tours. three year history as one of Pennsylvania's for the Public." "Philadelphia premiere state parks. Valley Forge is min­ Morris Vogel of Landscapes" will utes awa y from Philadelphia and located Philadelphia's Temple take participants to in an area rich with public sites attesting to University will talk about the Carpenter's Hall, Indepen­ America's seventeenth-, eighteenth-, nine­ exciting new exhibit titled 'The Peopling dence Hall, Congress Hall, the Second teenth-, and twentieth-century history. of Pennsylvania' in the session on "Pre­ Bank of the United States, the Library A number of this year's sessions will senting Diversity: Recent NEH-funded Hall at the American Philosophical Soci­ examine some of the resources in this re­ Exhibitions." ety, the Philadelphia Maritime Museum markable area. D. Roger Mower will speak Panelists from the Chester County and Franklin Court. Another session will Archives, Temple University, Delaware transport visitors through the centennial County's Widener University and a landscape at Valley Forge and conclude Philadelphia-area high school will par­ with a special reception at the museum Volume 13, Number 2 ticipate in a session on "Using Local of the Valley Forge Historical Society at Winter 1993 Government Records to Teach U.s. His­ the unique Washington Memorial. tory." A session titled "'Other Voices' Sessions with an ecology theme will A Quarterly Publication of the National Women, African-Americans and Indus­ include "Historians, Technology and Envi­ Council on Public History in cooperation trial Laborers: Interpretation "in the Na­ rorunental Planning" chaired by Shelley with the Department of History, Indiana tional Park Service" will feature speakers Bookspan of PHR Environmental and University at Indianapolis. from the park service's Mid-Atlantic Re­ ''Economic Gain Versus EcolOgical Sur­ gionalOffice, nearby Hopewell Furnace vival" chaired by Stephen L. Recken of the Martin V. Melosi, President National Historic Site and the Johnstown University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Philip V. Scarpino, Vice-president Flood National Memorial and Allegheny Those interested in Women's History Portage National Historic Site in Pennsyl­ won't want to miss "Women and Minori­ Brit Allan Storey, Past-president vania as well as the Hampton National ties in the Federal Government Since Ruth A. Dudgeon, Secretary-treasurer Historic Site in Maryland. World War II" chaired by Cynthia Elizabeth B. Monroe, Executive Director Robert Weible of the Pennsylvania Harrison of the Federal Judicial Center, Historical and Museum Commission will "Out There: Women's Public History" chaired by Jo Blatti of the Stowe-Day Foundation and "Reaching Out to New Constituencies" chaired by Glenda Riley of Ball State University. "Aerial Circuses and Shoe Shine Parlors or Presenting Women's History to the Public" is the intriguing title of a slide show of ephemera. Speakers from New York University will enliven a session called "An Urban University in the Twentieth Century: History and Multimedia." Canadian speakers will host "Public History and the Canadian Parks Service." Partici­ pants will be transported to eighteenth­ century Virginia in a session titled "George Washington and Mount Vernon: New Research and Interpreta­ tion on the Banks of the Potomac." Other sessions will cover: "Clients, Research, Objectivity, and Issues in Project-Oriented Employment;" "The National Park Service and Labor History;" "Chronicling Military Construction in Revolutionary War headquarters a/George WashinglOlI in Valley Forge. Pennsylvania. Europe;" "NASA, Politics and Public His­ tory;" "Linking Past and Present: Anniver­ saries and Historical Understanding;" "Capturing Congress: Creating Major of the city's famous string bands. Jane events is available from the Valley Forge Historical Research Sources;" "The Legacy Mork Gibson of the Society for Industrial Convention and Visitors Bureau, P.O. Resource Management Program;" and Archaeology will present an illustrated Box 311, Norristown, PA, 19404. "Agencies and Public Policy." lecture of the cultural landscape along the The Sheraton Valley Forge (215/337- William and Pamela Sommerfield will historic Schuylkill corridor. 2000), located near the entrance of Valley discuss and demonstrate first person his­ For a modest additional fee, partici­ Forge National Historical Park, will pro­ torical interpretation; William pants can tour Philadelphia's other great vide a special room rate for conference Sommerfield portrayed Washington at the cultural institutions, including its world­ attendees for reservations made before bicentennial reenactment of Washington's famous art museum and Rodin Museum, April 14, 1993. Information on other journey to assume the presidency in 1789. the newly restored Fairmount Water­ hotels and their rates is also available • Charles Hardy III of West Chester Univer­ works, the renowned Independence from the Valley Forge Convention and sity will be on hand with an audio anthol­ National Historical Park, the Academy Visitors Bureau via their toll free number ogy of Philadelphia including the sounds of Natural Sciences, the Franklin Insti­ 1-800-441-3549. tute and the architecturally faScinating To register, contact Joan Marshall­ baroque revival City Hall, plus some of Dutcher at Valley Forge National Histori­ Philadelphia's lesser known museums cal Park, P.O. Box 953, Valley Forge, PA The National Council including the Balch Institute, the Afro­ 19481-0953. More information is available • on Public History American Museum, and the Philadel­ in the program which will be mailed to promotes the applica­ phia Maritime Museum. Lunch is on your NCPH members in March. own, which is not a problem in this city tion of historical II famed for its recent restaurant revival. scholarship outside the university in A second optional tour allows guests govenunent, business, historical societies, to experience different styles of domestic preservation organizations, archives, architecture in Montgomery County, libraries, professional associations, and Pennsylvania. Participants will be bused public interest groups. to the home of the famous naturalist and For details contact NCPH President artist John J. Audubon "Mill Grove," the Martin V. Melosi, Director, Institute for "Peter Wentz Farmstead" built in 1758, Public History, University of Houston, the Georgian mansion of the wealthy eigh­ Houston, TX 77204-3785; Vice President teenth-century Quaker Potts family, and Philip V. Scarpino, Department of History, the colonial revival "Pennypacker Mills." IUPUl,530CavanaughHall,425 University There's much more to see and do in Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202-5140; or the Philadelphia area with its many cul­ tural attractions and restaurants. Public Elizabeth B. Monroe, 327 Cavanaugh Hall­ transportation can take you directly IUPUl, 425 University Blvd., Indianapolis, downtown from Valley Forge National IN 46202-5140; (317) 274-2716. Historical Park. Also within driving Forchangeof address, write UC Press, distance are the country inns and rustic 2120 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720. charm of Berks and Bucks Counties. The historic sites of Lancaster County, well Submissions toPublicHistory News known for its Amish and Mennonite farm should be sent to Elizabeth Monroe, Editor, communities, can be reached by car in less RevoiUlionary War Cannon at the address above. than an hour. A calendar of area tours and

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~' •• ;, ~< ,- ;\~~ - :._:' -0,1. - .~.': ~~:(:~~q;~~~,'A~~f~~ ~jX' . ICONSULTANTS' C_O_RN__ ER_' ______--"

(~(1ti,Consulting on Business Archives or Where is the

" •• > 500."Pound Gorilla When You Really Need One?

by J'aul Soifer Consulting on business archives may The company also needs to build sup­ than anvone else which records best involve appraising an individual collec­ port for the archives. This is particularly reflect the functions of an organizational tion; assessing an organization's records important in decentralized organizations unit. Just as important, they may know policy to layout the personnel, budget, that give individual departments consider­ about the general manager's papers long and space requirements for a formal pro­ able autonomy. A memorandum explain­ forgotten in the basement or can point gram; or actually establishing an archives ing the project and its goals should be sent you to the "history buff" who has with responsibility for processing records. from the highest possible level of the com­ squirreled away years of company Each of these tasks demands progressively pany to the deparhnent heads, followed records in his garage. The success of an more interaction between the consultant and up by a meeting with the consultant who archives project can depend on develop­ the corporate staff. While thi" appears benefi­ can explain the progrClm in more depth. ing a strong working relationship with cial at first glance, a valid rule of thumb is Don't wait for the contract manager to the clerical staff, particularly in executive that the magnitude of the problems likely to prepare the memorandum; volunteer to offices or departments such as Public arise increases in proportion to the amount draft it yourself to speed up the process. Affairs that, by definition, create a con­ of employee contact. 111e division head who The same applies to an article on the ar­ siderable volume of historical records. insists on saving every scrap of paper re­ chives for the company's in-house publica­ Even under the best circumstances, a gardless of the retention schedule and the tion. This is a good way of getting the business archives is a notoriously hard records manager ready to fight a turf war are word out, and hopefully generating a sell. The consultant not only has to con­ potential obstacles to an archives project that degree of enthusiasm for preserving the stantly explain what the program is the consultant ""rill find difficult to hurdle corporate memory. about to managers who should already vvithout help, Enter the SOO-pound gorilla. Safeguards written into the contract know, but just as frequently spell out Although I have ne\'er seen one face­ cannot guarantee cooperation. The con­ where his or her authority comes from. If to-face, clients often speak of this crea­ sultant has the option of stopping work or the support system you've tried to build _ ture in hushed, almost reverent terms, dealing with the situation by o:earching out into the contract doesn't work and you The explanation is simple enough--a 500- the path of least resistance. The latter is can't seem to find a cooperative niche in .c'Jound gorilla gets anything it wants. He clearly preferable. To Theodore an important department, your only or she has the ability to bypass or bowl Schellenberg's maxim "Know the organi­ recourse is to take the SOO-pound gorilla over the bureaucracy, and encourage or zation" add "Become friends with the file out to lunch. demand cooperation as the situation dictates clerks." The people responsible for day-to­ Editor's note-Paul Soifer is a consultant with to keep a project on track. 111e consultant day handling of records understand better The Bancroft Group ill West Hills, California. who has the support of such a person is fortunate indeed; the CEO or Board of Direc­ tors can decide to create an archives, but the offices lower down on the organizational New Service for Consultants chart may not be as enamored with saving With the inauguration of the "Consultants' Comer" in this issue of Public History all that "old stuff." Absent the gorilla, the News, the Consultants'Working Group introduces a new service to NCPH members. consultant can try to insinuate him or Since last spring a number of NCPH melnbers who are full-time historical consultants herself into the chain of command have discussed the fonnation of a specific group representing historical consultants through the terms of the contract. within the larger NCPH corporate body. This effort received the support of the NCPH The best clients always ask what you Board of Directors at its March meeting in Columbia, South Carolina. need from the company. Under "Prerequi­ In June, a small organizing group met in Denver to discuss the needs of historical sites for Consultant's Performance", insist consultants and how the NCPH could better serve that constituency. The result of this on weekly meetings with the contract meeting and further discussion with the Board was the formation of the Consultants' administrator and access to the senior Working Group (eWG). manager responsible for the archives project. Impress on the client that these are The CWG is a specific constituency within the NCPH that is Comprised of profes­ not "gripe" sessions but an opportunity to sional historians who derive their principal income from consulting. review the status of the work and discuss The goals and objectives of the CWG have been defined broadly as: areas of concern. Also emphasize that .. identifying and exploring issues of concern to consulting historians that are not unresolved problems translate into an currently being addressed by the NCPH; unnecessary waste of money and effort; e providing a voice to the NCPH membership and other professional groups con­ the timetable for deliverables will be de­ cerning the opportunities in and value of vari~ types of historical consulting. layed.1f the archives is part of an anniver­ The CWG will promote the interests of historical consultants through a variety of sary celebration or the revamping of programs and services. The CWG and the NCPH Board invite historical consultants records management policies, the consult­ to participate in the Consultants' Working Group. There will be an official "organizing .'Int must be an active member of those meeting" of the CWG at the annual NCPH meeting in Valley Forge, April 29-May 1. :-:ommittees. Input from the archivist is Look for an announcement of I:he time and place in the published meeting agenda. essential in developing new retention In the meantime, if you have any questions, thoughts, ideas, etc., please feel.~ to schedules or the procedures for the de­ write or call Alan S. Newell, HRA, Inc., P.O. Box 7086, Missoula, MT 59807-7086; struction of obsolete records. (406)721-1958, Fax(406)721-1964.

3 Picking Up the Pieces: After Hurricane Andrew

by David Ferro

It has been five months since Hurri­ cane Andrew's swirling ring of destruction cut a twenty-mile-wide swath through southern Dade County, decimating the rural landscape and turning entire com­ munities to rubble. In these communities were some of Dade County's most impor­ tant historic properties. Within days of the storm, teams of preservationists were in the field assessing damage and planning for stabilization and repair. Local government personnel, staff from the state Department of Natural Resources and Division of Historical Re­ sources, staff and faculty from the Univer­ sity of Miami College of Architecture, the Historical Foundation of South Florida, the Archaeological and Historical Conser­ vancy, Dade Heritage Trust, and others contributed to this effort. Over one-half of approximately sixty designated historic properties in southern Dade County were destroyed. Many oth­ ers were severely damaged. Boat house at Barnacle State Historic Site, Coconut Grove. Large sailboats were tossed about like toys but While many properties in Coral Gables Commodore Ralph M. Munroe's boat house and workshop withstood the storm with only moderate damage. It and Coconut Grove sustained damage, the sustained similar damage during a hurricane in 1947. The Commodore's vernacular /Wo·story residence, one of the hardest hit areas were south of the Gables. most significant ill Dade County, came through Alldrew with minor roof damage and water intrusion. Most historic buildings in downtown Miami Beach came through the storm unscathed. drew was just another storm to the 137-year­ Princeton Sta tion was crushed by the storm, • Once thickly forested, Bill Baggs Cape old lighthouse which now stands alone at and much of the collection in the shed, in- i florida State Recreational Site on Key the southern tip of the island. eluding the Ferdinand Magellan, sustained Biscayne has been denuded. Oean-up of the At the Barnacle State Historic Site, the damage. Museum representatives have tangle of broken trees has taken months. boat house and workshop of Coconut indicated that recovery will be slow, but they Despite the havoc to its surroundings, An- Grove pioneer and famed sailboat de­ are determined to make it happen. signer Commodore Ralph M. Munroe was At Cutler, the Charles Deering Estate Cape Florida Lighthouse (1855) and reconstructed spared the full brunt of the storm by a was severely damaged. A major portion of lighthouse keeper's quarters (1970). Key Biscayne. Although the lantern glazing was blown oUl. stand of mangroves previously considered the wood frame Richmond Inn was liter­ damage to the remainder of the lighthouse and the a nuisance. Despite this natural protection, ally blown apart by the storm surge. Each adjacent residential structure was minor. the front and back walls of the boat house of the other four historic buildings on the were blown out and Munroe's tools were Estate came through the storm with moder­ strewn across the site. The hammock ate damage. High winds and water devas­ which sheltered the Commodore's house tated the Estate's formal landscaping and from the bustle of the Grove has been Significant natural wooded areas. Signifi­ blown away, but the two-story wood cant historic and prehistoric archaeological frame and concrete block house for which resources were also damaged. the site is named came through the storm A recovery plan has been developed with little damage. Sadly, the Micco, one for the Estate, and clean-up and salvage of Munroe's sailboats on display at the work is now underway. However, there site, was destroyed. Thanks to the tireless appears to be a philosophical dispute work of the park staff and many volun­ brewing regarding the appropriateness of teers, clean-up of the site and temporary reconstructing the destroyed portion of repairs are now complete, and the Bar­ the Richmond Inn. The Deering Estate was nacle is once again open to the public. acquired by the State of Florida in 1985 The collection of historic rolling stock and is leased to Metropolitan Dade at the Gold Coast Railroad Museum in­ County for development and operation as cludes the Ferdinand Magellan, President a park facility. The Estate is listed in the Franklin Roosevelt's private rail car, a National Register of Historic Places. National Historic Landmark. The large North of the Deering Estate, at the hangar-like shed which protected much of internationally recognized Fairfield TroPi-e this outstanding collection is now a cal Gardens, hundreds of rare palms, gnarled mass of twisted steel. An entire cycads and other tropical plants were streamlined passenger train outside the uprooted. With help from teams of volun­ shed was blown on its side, the restored teers, overturned trees were righted and

4 •

Red/and Community United Methodist Church. Redland. William Jennings Bryan gave one of his legendary orations from the steps of this small rural church. The 1914 frame vernacular building was destroyed by Andrew. The wreckage was renwved before documentation o!, salvage could be carried OUI.

carefully pruned to minimize the long­ term effects of Andrew. South of Cutler, the rural agricultural communities of Redland and Goulds were ravaged by the storm. Most of the wood • frame buildings comprising the Redland Historic District were destroyed. Losses include the historic school house, Redland Fruit and Spice, the Redland Community United Methodist Church and numerous residences. At Goulds, the William Ander­ son General Merchandise Store was heavily damaged. This 1912 two-story frame vernacular building was rehabili­ tated as a restaurant in 1986. Thus far, efforts to identify funding for its stabiliza­ tion have been unsuccessful. Homestead, located directly in the path of the storm's eye, has been deci­ mated. While the tent cities have been re­ (Top) Before-Charles Deering Estate. Cutler. Industrialist and philanthropist Charles Deering con­ placed by hundreds of temporary mobile structed this stone Mediterranean Revival style residence on Biscayne Bay in 1922. In the background is the housing units, the severity of the storm re­ Richmond Inn. constructed by S. H. Richmond circa 1900 and acquired by Deering in 1916. The 368-acre mains evident throughout the city. With the Deering Estate is one of the largest and most significant historic properties in Dade County. loss of the Air Force base that was the foun­ (Bol/om) After - Charles Deering Estate. Cutler. Only a portion of the Richmond Inn survived the 16-foot dation of its economy, Homestead faces an storm surge. Damage to the stone house was minor. Historic citrus groves, virgin pinelands, mangroves and uncertain future which has seriously in­ dense hardwood hammocks on the Estate were severely damaged. In addition. three significant archaeological hibited recovery. Some property owners resources on the site. including the CUller Burial Mound. were disturbed by overturned trees and storm erosion. remain uncertain about staying in the area and rebuilding. Others have already left. interior restoration was extensive. Nearby, cial downtown recovery grant fOT repair of On Krome Avenue, Homestead's the Landmark Hotel was also severely dam­ damaged commercial buildings in "Main Street", historic commercial build­ aged. Taking the lead in downtown recov­ Homestead's historic commercial center. ings sustained severe damage. This collec­ ery, the City has announced that the With this assistance, work on approximately tion of modest one-, two- and three-story restoration of Old Town Hall will continue. twenty-five buildings is now underway. ~~sonry buildings constructed during the A few other property owners in the area, Before assessments of the storm dam­ '1&91Os and 1920s lost most roofs and sev­ including the owner of the Landmark age were complete, Florida's Division of eral upper stories. The Old Town Hall, Hotel, have already begun repairs. HistoriCal Resources and the National which was undergoing restoration, lost The Florida Department of Community Trust for Historic Preservation were work­ its new roof. The resulting damage to recent Affairs recently announced award of a spe- ing to provide funding assistance for

5 (Top) William Anderson General Merchandise Store (1912), Goulds. Thisframe vernacular building was recently rehabilitated as a restaurant. It sustained severe structural damage.

(Middle) DeFran House, Goulds. This circa 1920 Craftsman style house weathered the "monster storm of 1926", bur not Andrew. t (Bol/om) Krome Avenue, Homestead. Old Town Hall (1917) is in the center of this photograph. It and most of the commercial buildings on this street lost their roofs. The building at the far right lost its entire third floor. Efforts are being made to save the remaining two stories.

emergency stabilization and temporary repairs to historic properties damaged by the storm. The Division of Historical Re­ sources, with assistance from the state's Historic Preservation Advisory Council, granted $50,000 to the Metropolitan Dade County Historic Preservation Division for stabilization and emergency repair of historic properties damaged by the stonn. These funds were regranted to eligible nonprofit organizations and government agencies. The National Trust, with assistance from the Barnett Bank, and the Northern Trust Bank of Rorida, the Elizabeth Ordway Dunn Foundation and the DuPont Foun­ dation, established a six-month no-interest loan program for emergency repairs. In early December, Congress autho­ rized release of federal funds for assistance to historic properties damaged by the A storm. Distribution of these funds in the .'1 form of grants will be made by the Divi- sion of Historical Resources and the Na- tional Trust with assistance from local preservation organizations. Unlike the state gran t funding, this federal money will be available to assist the repair of eligible properties in private ownership. Dade Heritage Trust, Inc. (DHT), one of Rorida's most active historic preserva­ tion organizations, initiated a fundraising campaign to assist in the repair of proper­ ties damaged by the storm. Cash contribu­ tions to the "We Will Restore" campaign are being used as match for grant applica­ tions to the National Trust for Historic Preservation, the Knight Foundation and other sources. "We Will Restore" funds temporary stabilization, detailed damage assessments, feasibility studies for reha­ bilitation, architectural planning for resto­ ration, salvage of special materials from demolished structures for use in repair of other buildings, and restoration work. For more information about the "We Will Restore" campaign, call (305)358-9572. 'To make a contribution, make your check payable to Dade Heritage Trust/Hurricane Fund. DHrs address is 109 Southeast 12th .. Terrace, Miami, Rorida 33131. • Editor's Note - David E. Ferro is the Superoisor of the Architectural Preseroation Seroices Section of Florida's Bureau of Historic Preservation. 6 Rebuilding the Florida Pioneer Museum

Editor's note - These articles are re- _ printed with permission from the Fall 1992 A issue of Currents, the quarterly publication of V the Historical Museum of Southern Florida, Natalie Brawn, editor. Of all the community and history mu­ seums pulverized by Andrew, the Florida Pioneer Museum in Florida City had the fewest resources to draw upon to put itself together again. The museum's greatest resource has always been its volunteers who look after and run the facility. As they piece back together their own homes and lives, the Historical Museum of Southern Florida has stepped in to become the Pioneer Museum's "big brother" in an effort to help it recover and restore its collections. Florida City was one of the hardest hit areas. The 1904 depot was totally de­ stroyed. The museum's caboose was blown over on its side and off its trucks. The 1904 Horida East Coast Railway station agent's house, which is on the National Register of Historic Places, survived with a leaking roof, broken window panes, battered rail­ ings, swollen doors and peeling paint. Most of the agent's house contents­ the museum's collection--survived, but The Florida Pioneer Museum, originally a 1904 Florida East Coast Railway station agent's house, is shown are somewhat the worse for wear. Incred­ here as Historical Museum staff members begin repairs and cleanup. ibly, other artifacts and documents have . been found among the depot's wreckage. (It To return from a disaster statistic to a and artifacts, and the enclosing fence must tion of collections, removed damaged , museum the building's roof, windows and be rebuilt. The list of tasks goes on and on. artifacts from their water-logged cases and air conditiOning are undergoing repair. For the first few days after Andrew's developed a work plan. That plan focuses The collections have been dried, and, in onslaught the military guarded the Pio­ on saving the remaining collections many cases, are being treated for damage. neer Museum and its debris. Staff from the through restoration of air-conditioning, The caboose must be righted on its trucks Southern Florida Historical Museum in repair of roof and windows, inventory and and rails. The grounds must be cleared of Miami drove south and patched the roof, conservation of existing objects, and lim­ debris, architectural fragments (Florida City covered broken panes, mopped up ited restoration of the house and caboose. wants to secure funds to rebuild the depot), puddles on the floor, surveyed the condi- - See "Pioneer Museum" page 9

u.s. Army Helps Build Andrew Collection

Several army units were deployed to ern Florida request for documentation north and relieved the 82nd Airborne Dade County as part of the hurricane and artifacts for its collection. Division in Cutler Ridge. Andrew relief effort. One unit accommo­ Colonel Evan R. Gaddis and the sol­ The military units in Dade teamed up dated the Historical Museum of South- diers of the 10th Mountain Division Artil­ with Dade County government to give lery from Fort Drum, humanitarian assistance to the 160,000 Items donated to the Historical Museum of Southern Florida by the 10th New York, donated people left homeless by the hurricane. Mountain Division Artillel)" Fort Drum, N.Y. items used during They cleared debris, provided medical the two months of care, built and operated relief camps, rees­ relief operations tablished communications and distributed conducted by the water, food, ice, radios, clothing and many nearly 30,000 mili­ other items to those in need. tary troops in South The articles donated to the museum Dade. The efforts of include MREs, a canteen, cots, and several this unit were ini­ other items of everyday military life. ''The tially focused on items will serve as a reminder of the Ameri­ Leisure City, one of can spirit and the special bond of friendship the hardest hit areas. shared py the government of Metro-Dade After stabilizing this County, its residents and the U.s. Army," area, they moved said Andy Brian, museum director.

7 Developing a Strategic Plan for Small Museums: An Example

by Tiffany Sallee

Indianapolis, Indiana, is the "Cross­ For this program the Institute of Mu­ The architect's report describes and roads of America." Major highways cut seum Services OMS) teamed up with the evaluates the building exterior and inte­ through downtown and combine in a National Institute for the Conservation of rior (including decorative finishes) and twisted series of entrance and exit ramps. Cultural Property (NICCP) to provide building systems. The conservator de­ Travelers heading north or west emerge successful applicants with assessors: con­ scribes requirements and strategies for from its "north split" to a spectacular view servators for the collections and preserva­ the interior environment, lighting, pest of the Morris-Butler House facade, bay tion architects for the historic buildings. control, storage, exhibits space, and window and two-story rear porch. The program, according to page two of the emergency preparedness. The Morris-Butler House is a Victorian application handbook, "serves as an ad­ Once the reports are complete, the house museum, built in 1865 for business­ junct to the IMS Conservation Project Sup­ strategic planning process begins. Since man John D. Morris, in what was then a port (CP) program: CAP provides eligible assessors were busy with their profes­ suburb of Indianapolis. Attorney Noble museums with an alternative source of sional practices and may delay completion Chase Butler's family occupied the house general conservation survey grants." of the report, we scheduled our strategic from 1882 to 1958. By 1958, the family Compared to most federal, state and planning meetings after the reports were could no longer care for the three-story, local grant applications, this one is easy to in-hand. The Morris-Butler House under­ sixteen-room Second Empire home. Suf­ complete. The IMS Programs Director went assessment in late July 1992; the fering from neglect, the house became the determines eligibility, after which NICCP museum received the reports in Septem­ first project of a new historic preservation funds applications on a first-come, first­ ber and October. To minimize the waiting organization, Historic Landmarks Founda­ served basis. No matching funds are re­ period, NICCP pays the assessors only tion of Indiana. From 1964 to 1969, philan­ quired, as long as costs remain within the after receiving a copy of the report from thropist and pharmaceutical giant Eli Lilly budget provided. the museum. Grant funds pay all other funded the restoration. Once approved, IMS sends the check, a expenses, such as hotel and meals, at the The museum, furnished with approxi­ handbook, and resumes of conservators time incurred. mately 3,500 objects, interprets mid-nine­ and architects. The applicant then inter­ For the Morris-Butler House, the re­ teenth-century Hoosier architecture and views and selects the assessors, and makes sults of the Conservation Assessment high-style decorative arts. The Morris­ lodging reservations and meal arrange­ Program were positive. An illustrated Butler House budget covers maintenance ments. The grant handbook describes the report from each assessor contained an a and staff. A separate Advisory Committee details of the assessment process clearly and evaluation of current conditions and sug- """,): provides advice and some funds for con­ concisely. The interview process (reading gested plans of action. The assessors di- servation. A constant dilemma is the deci­ resumes, calling references, completing vided their reports into short-term, sion of what the limited funds will pay for interviews, hiring assessors, and making long-term, immediate and deferred priori- each year. Are we effectively preserving hotel arrangements) takes almost two ties. Once approved and implemented, the the building and collection? weeks with the regular work schedule. museum staff has a 'plan with specific Like any not-for-profit, the Morris­ Once on-site, the assessors complete a projects for subsequent grant applications. Butler House utilizes grant programs to two-day evaluation of the collection (and For further information and to obtain a take up the budgetary slack. Many of building, if applicable). They may request Conservation Assessment Program grant these programs, however, require a stra­ documentation in advance and expect application, call the Institute of Museum tegic plan already in place to guarantee museum employees to answer questions Services at (202)786-0536. The deadline is that grantees use funds to the greatest about institutional history. Our assessors December 4, 1993. benefit. Some grant programs fund stra­ also met with a few board members in two Editor's note - Tiffany Sallee is admin­ tegic planning. We chose to apply for one informal meetings. The board members istrator of the Morris-Butler House, a prop­ of these, the Conservation Assessment and assessors frankly discussed the mu­ erty of the Historic umdmarks Foundation of Program (CAP). seum and its good and bad points. Indiana, Inc.

Restoration Help for Members and Community

Members and friends of the Southern Conservation techniques and care servation Center; Mary Todd Glaser, a Florida Historical Museum received tips for books, photographs, works of paper conservator; Sherelyn Ogden, a expert conservation advice and assis­ art, and other items were given by the book conservator; and Michael Lee, a tance from the Northeast Document nationally recognized leaders in docu­ photograph and paper conservator. Conservation Center and local conserva­ ment conservation. The conservators The two-day session coordinated by AI tors providing a free symposium and included Rustin Levenson, painting con­ the NEDCC out of Andover, Massachu- • workshop at the Historical Museum servator with Florida Conservation As­ setts, was made possible through an emer­ October 28-29. sociates; John Maseman, objects gency assistance grant from the National conservator with the South Florida Con- Endowment for the Humanities.

8 On Avoiding JJlnteresting Times": The Maines and Associates Disaster Planning Text Template e by Rachel Maines Like many public historians, we at We entered this market in 1985, on their staff had the time or expertise to Maines and Associates have a difficult when consensus was beginning to form do the job. We agreed, offering a discount time explaining what we do. When we about what professional standards of on the work provided we could use the tell people we're in the museum collec­ collections management ought to be. basic information-the text template-as a tions management business, they think One of these is that museums, libraries product to sell to other customers. Few we make sinister telephone calls to mu­ and archives should be prepared for historical agencies can resist the word seum shop customers whose credit cards disasters. Planning for prevention, re­ "discount." We produced a computer text didn't authorize. We tried saying that we sponse and mitigation can dramatically template that is in essence a workbook in sell curatorial services to museums and reduce losses to the public trust collec­ WordPerfect. Customers receive a binder archives, but since most people don't tions, but virtually nobody outside of art with a hard copy of the text, which they know the word "curatorial," they usu­ museums has the time, staff and energy can use to survey their site for disaster ally hear "janitorial" (which at least is a to devote to writing a full-scale plan. planning purposes, filling in the blanks bit closer to the truth than the bill collec­ From scratch, this entails reading about with the answers to such questions as tor image). We usually fall back on the two linear feet of books and articles on the "The name and number of the local fire closet analogy: most people have at least subject, mainly by conservators; holding chief is ." "Duplicate copies one closet packed full of old stuff. They endless staff meetings to decide on the of collection records are held off-site at don't know exactly what's in there, and most important elements to include; ______." Disaster supply ne­ they wouldn't be able to retrieve an item making about three dozen telephone cessities and desirables are listed on a from it to save their lives. History muse­ calls to prospective suppliers; and writ­ checkoff and location sheet, and suppliers ums are much like giant community ing 50-75 pages of text describing how to of important goods and services included closets. The National Park Service, for prevent and/or cope with a disaster at in a directory, to which the museum can example, puts all our attics to shame--at your museum. The quaSi-regulatory add as necessary. Collection salvage in­ last count NPS held twenty-eight million requirement is that you address fire, structions are also included. objects, of which 25 million were uncata­ flood, bombings and bomb threats, The "Disaster Preparedness Plan" text loged. Every year the 354 parks open earthquakes, theft, vandalism, hurricane, template has been selling well. There is an some more closets, and a few million tornado, and electrical blackout. Meteor­ 800 number for customers to call for tech­ Amore objects fall out. ites and civil insurrections are optional. nical assistance as they work with it; fewer .. These stuff-storms are the substance of Not very surprisingly, most museums than half a dozen have actually called. cashflow at Maines and Associates. We schedule the writing of this document for We've thought of two possible explana­ employ about a dozen people trained in sometime very soon after they finish fight­ tions for this: either we've done our job so history and material culture in thirteen ing the latest fire. We know of one mu­ well that nobody has any questions, or states and the District of Columbia to in­ seum that had four disasters: two customers are proudly putting our binders ventory, accession, catalog, photograph, hurricanes, a fire and a flood within five and templates on their office shelves with mark and otherwise provide accountabil­ years, and still didn't have a disaster plan. the best intentions of filling them out right ity for objects and archives. With very few One of our clients, a county historical after they finish fighting the fire. We'd like exceptions, most of the collections we society scheduled for renewal of its AAM to think it's the former, but we collections handle are held in the public trust, which accreditation (as of 1989, only sixteen managers have to be realists. means that ultimately they belong to the county historical societies in the United Editor's note - Rachel Maines is owner of taxpayers (the reason that donations to States were AAM-accredited), asked us for Maines and Associates, a collections manage­ museums are tax-deductible). In this re­ help with this perennial problem. No one ment and research firm in Ithaca, NY. spect, museums differ from your closets: if a museum doesn't know what it owns, can't find it, and/ or doesn't seem to be - "Pioneer Museum" from page 7 eled to Dade County in October to look taking proper care of it, it can find itself in Other organizations and individuals at the Florida Pioneer Museum and deep yogurt with the state attorney gen­ are assisting the Pioneer Museum. The other historic sites in Dade County that eral and be cut out of state and federal Martin County Historical Society opened were damaged. This group is issuing an funding. The American Association of its new facility on October 17 and at the appeal for financial contributions through Museums can also suspend or deny its same time raised funds to contribute to the the American Association of Museums. accreditation. On the other hand, most Pioneer Museum. FEMA is taking a direct The National Endowment for the museums are understaffed (half of all U.s. hand in conservation and restoration and Humanities has funded a $30,000 emer­ museums have no paid staff at alI), and in has sent several conservators to work on gency assistance grant to the Historical the aggregate they hold hundreds of mil­ the site. A large refrigerated truck for arti­ Museum to assist with the work of pro­ lions of objects. In the last fifteen years, the facts is parked next to the lineman's house. tecting and conserving the surviving col­ standards of collections accountability and Work is underway on the lineman's house, lections. .::=re have been rising steeply, so for many the caboose and the depot. Florida Pioneer Museum staff and ,y~:useums collections management is an There is a strong prospect for addi­ volunteers, Historical Museum staff and .. endless, deadening, thankless, demoraliz­ tional financial support through the volunteers, and volunteers from other ing chore much like housework both in its Southeastern Museums Conference, an Florida museums will make it happen. intellectual challenges and in the certainty association of museums in the southeast­ Florida City and Homestead will one day that it will never be done. ern United States. A representative trav- again have their museum.

9 Disaster Preparedness for a Historic Structure­ Historic Collections Complex

by David Lee Colglazier

The day may come when that accident vive the most disheartening loss? Analyz­ tion from which the institution functions that always happens to the "other guy" ing the different scenarios in advance is until better quarters are available. This will strike your historic institution. A di­ easier than fumbling about when emo­ office may also function as a check point saster document will help guide you tions are strained by a disaster. for letting people on and off the disaster through that large or small disaster. It may Now is the best time to calmly exam­ site so that security can be maintained. be called by many different names, but the ine the issues and thoroughly lay down In a disaster situation, concern for your plan is to be your bible to steer you plans. These plans should be made with a workers is very important. With wide­ through those horrible situations when small group of people (for example cura­ spread disasters your employees may be you and your colleagues are stressed. tor, conservator, plant manager, and secu­ facing the same perils with their own I believe this document should have rity head) who can meet a deadline. When families and homes. The plans should two components. First, a very thorough disaster strikes, these people should be account for some people attending to their section that outlines in detail the types of among the first to inspect the damage. The own problems. That aside, there should be disasters that could happen to your his­ preparation of the disaster document will plans for someone to oversee the health toric building. It should deal with preven­ train their minds to think coherently when and welfare of the people on the recovery tative measures, methods for detection of responding to a disaster situation and will team. Workers should be given regular problems, and a plan of attack for recov­ develop the philosophy of the institution breaks and be forced to leave the scene for ery after that awful event has happened. in response to a disaster. Some members meals and sleep. A fatigued person may For a historic complex, this component of this core group should lead the disaster cause additional damage. They are all should address multiple losses to the point recovery team. heroes, but they don't need to be heroic. of total loss. The second component, a The plan should have specific time­ Working with local fire and police synopsis of part one, should be about two tables for prevention activities when there officials can be very useful. The fire de­ pages or less so that people who may par­ is a disaster warning. This will force allo­ partment can provide valuable prevention ticipate in the recovery phase will read it. cation of time and resources for the spe­ inspections of your property. Also, they So, the larger section will present the de­ cific planned jobs. Where possible, the can make plans with you about how they tailed plan of attack and should be famil­ preparations should be completed before will respond to your emergency needs. iar to a core group of people. The smaller the event arrives at your doorstep. Most of They need to know the peculiarities of portion should be read by the recovery the employees and volunteers should be your buildings such as what doors are '"."\i team to inform them of what they can off site and tending to their own safety. really not functional and where utility " expect to do when the time arrives. The first person called to investigate shut-offs are located. You may need to A disaster can be broadly defined and a report of a disastrous situation should anticipate how a fire engine or other put into several categories. Some losses are be a member of the recovery team. There equipment can gain access to your site. difficult to predict or are not preventable. should be a regular schedule of people Alternate access routes should be planned Tornadoes, earthquakes, explosions, and to be called if the first person is not in case roads are blocked by high water or flash floods happen with little warning. available. After that investigation addi­ fallen trees. General floods, hurricanes, dam failures, tional people will be called to the recov­ Insurance carriers can also provide blizzards and forest fires give some warn­ ery area as directed by the disaster plan. valuable prevention information and ing of their impending peril hours, days, Corporate officers and publicists will be inspections. Also, you may want to work or weeks in advance. Standing water, called next so that they know what is with them to plan the recovery process. insect frass, rusting metal, and building happening. Damage to materials can continue to deformation can be seen for years before The thorough disaster plan will outline take place after a fire is extinguished. they cause a disastrous situation. Your various recovery scenarios which should The fire and insurance people need to situation may have other perils that can be include the names and addresses of insur­ realize that your recovery people are not analyzed and predicted. ance carriers and adjusters, of vendors for trying to destroy evidence, but are trying Hazard assessment, risk prevention, supplies that you do not stock, and for to prevent further damage when they and insurance go hand-in-hand as part of sources of expert labor. The plan should want to remove artifacts from a site be­ your disaster preparation plans. These be updated on an annual basis to make fore fire and insurance inspectors have issues have to be sorted out in order to sure that these sources are still in business had a chance to visit. make a unified plan. What will the institu­ and that their contact persons and tele­ Think of the disaster plan document tion be like after a major loss? How little or phone numbers are correct. Similarly, the as a script for an instructional movie how much prevention is correct? Can the recovery team personnel should be evalu­ about this awful subject. You don't want institution stay financially afloat after a ated to make that their circumstances and it to play at your historic site, but if it major loss? How much insurance is health allow them to participate in the does, you'll want an Oscar for your effort. needed to remain financially alive? Even prescribed activities. Only lots of planning will lead to this du­ with substantial insurance coverage, at You should have an alternate office bious reward. what level do you say that a loss will lead site to use after a disaster so that purchase Editor's note - David Lee Colglazier has to permanent closing? Is there enough orders and checks can be issued. This been a consermtor for twenty-one years at Old • volunteer and community support to sur- command post will be the business loca- Sturbridge Village in Sturbridge, Massachusetts. ;

10 Federal Emergency Assistance Programs

Ed"! rs Note - We recently came across a useful brochure entitled "Emergency Preparedness and Response" (copyright 1992) published by the Nation~rlnstitute for the Conseruation of Cultural Property (NIC). We fe~t the info~t~on provided in the.brochure would p:ove useful to many of~ur --eaders in light of concems raised by Hurricane Andrew's destruction. v.:1th the pe~lsslOn of NIC we repnnt excerpts detazl~ng emergency federal.aid ~vailable to cultural institutions. Free copies of this brochure can be obtamed by sen~mg a self-addressed envelope stamped WIth 52 cents postage to. Emergency Preparedness and Response, NIC, Suite 403, 3299 K Street, NW, Washmgton, DC 20007.

Federal Emergency Management The federal government usually covers tutions that care for and exhibit works of 75 percent of the relief costs incurred dur­ art. Funds from several categories within Agency (FEMA) ing a disaster, while the state and local the Museum Program as well as the Chal­ Preservation of cultural properties governments or private nonprofit organi­ lenge and Advancement programs can be during and after a natural catastrophe falls zations contribute 25 percent. applied toward disaster planning. Grants under the disaster assistance and relief Federal assistance for damaged public given through these categories are subject programs. When a natural dis~ster .occurs buildings is available once a major disaster to guidelines, application dates and a thor­ in the United States and effective dIsaster has been declared. These funds may be ough review process. The NEA is also able relief and recovery are beyond the capa­ used to restore, repair or replace a facil­ to award emergency funds through the bilities of state and local governments, the ity. Repairing a historic building and Extraordinary Action grant. governor can request federal assistance by bringing it up to code is sometimes more Emergency preparedness projects are petitioning the president of the United expensive than replacing the building, eligible and competitive under the Care States through FEMA. which is all FEMA will cover. Owners of Collections category, which funds FEMA assists state and local govern­ have the option, however, of using conservation surveys and treatment, ments and certain nonprofit organizations money they receive from FEMA to cover advanced internships, workshops and in the removal of debris and the restora­ partial restoration costs. seminars, equipment purchase, and col­ tion of roads, streets, bridges, buildings, When a disaster occurs contact the lection maintenance projects that up­ and public utilities. Cultural buildings state agency responsible for disaster recov­ grade the conditions under which owned by the publiC or nonprofit organiza­ ery assistance and become familiar with objects are displayed and stored. Collec­ tions qualify for disaster assistance to repair the types of assistance available and eligi­ tion maintenan~e funds are also avail­ damaged buildings and to cover costs of bility requirements. The governor's office able for projects that specifically address conserving damaged art objects on display should be able to supply this information. emergency problems related to the storage or owned by the institution in question. Individuals responsible for historic and display of collections. - In an October 1991 policy shift, FEMA properties or institutions housed in his­ The Special Projects category supports ruled that conservation costs for art objects toric buildings should contact the State projects that benefit the field at large. One An cultural institutions can be covered Historic Preservation Office. Properties of the most crucial needs in terms of emer­ "under the Stafford Act and defined conser­ listed on the National Register of Historic gency preparedness and response is the vation as "the minimum steps which are Places, deemed eligible for listing, or a dissemination of information and current both necessary and feasible to place the contributing part of a listed historic district research. Projects that address this need on items back on display without restoring are potentially eligible for matching a national or regional basis would be eli­ them to their pre-disaster condition." grants. Each state has its own application gible for funding. However, if an art object is completely and review process. In the Challenge Program, for the pur­ destroyed in a disaster, FEMA rules pro­ Using guidelines prepared by the Ad­ pose of developing an emergency pre­ hibit covering the cost of replacing that visory Council on Historic Preservation, paredness plan, Project Implementation object, based on the premise that it is im­ prepare a preliminary damage assessment grants provide one-time only funding for possible to exactly duplicate the educa­ report. It is best to coordinate the survey of projects that include archival, conservation tional or aesthetic function of a particular the affected areas with state and local and preservation activities. artwork. The ruling further states that all preservation officials. Extraordinary Action grants provide conservation must follow the guidelines of Once the president has declared a funds of up to $30,000 during emergency the American Institute for Conservation of major disaster, the governor appoints a situations. These grants, monies for which Historic & Artistic Works' (AIC) code of sta te coord ina ting officer to act as his are drawn from the allocations of regular ethics and standards of practice. agent at the disaster site. FEMA appoints a NEA programs, are decided on a case-by­ of the agency's primary objectives is One federal coordinating officer to act as the case basis. to identify and implement measures to re­ president's agent at the disaster site. The duce the severity of future disasters. FEMA federal and state coordinating officers National Endowment for the encourages hazard mitigation projects, in­ identify the types of relief most urgently cluding the restoration of buildings, by pro­ needed. Their assessment is based on data Humanities (NEH) viding technical assistance and funding developed from the preliminary damage While the NEH does not have a special through the Hazard Mitigation Grant Pro­ report and any additional appropriate grant category for emergency prepared­ gram (HMPG), which can underwrite up to information. The federal coordinating ness and response, the agency can provide 50 percent of the cost of a project. officer then coordinates all the federal some disaster assistance to institutions. As defined in the Stafford Act, a pri­ disaster assistance programs. The NEH has also supported the work of vate nonprofit facility is "any nonprofit regional preservation services that can education, ... or other private nonprofit National Endowment for the Arts assist institutions in creating and imple­ .acilities that provide essential services of menting their own emergency prepared­ ~ governmental nature to the general pub­ (NEA) ness pl,ans. Iic." Cultural properties may be consid- NEA's Museum Program is concerned - See "Assistance Programs" page 13 ered eligible under this definition. primarily with works of art and with insti-

11 Columbus and After: Rethinking the Legacy

by Joy B. Dunn The amunemoration of the quincentenary and those of her father and husband, Fre­ Audiences, which ranged from extremely 6.') of the first voyage of Columbus to the New mont represented the nineteenth-century large to modest, participated in a com- "j! World provided every American community expansion of the American West as well as memoration of Columbus' voyage that . the opportunity to evaluate the merit of an the perspective of an American woman. honestly viewed the total impact of the event that profoundly shaped the world. For The last presentation was by Chief Joseph, event and the costs, including human and the Califomia Council for the Humanities and personified by Phillip Williams George, who environmental, of his discoveries. the Oregon Council for the Humanities, the was raised among the Chief Joseph Band of It was significant for the Southern Oregon event provided a unique opportunity to unite the Nez Perce. OuefJoseph's story provided a Historical Society to sponsor this Chautauqua resources and talents. poignant conclusion to the wave of cultural program for two additional reasons. The Executive directors James Quay from events set off by Colu·mbian discoveries. year 1993 also marks the sesquicentennial California and Richard Lewis from Or­ Beginning on the second day of the celebration of the Oregon Trail and the cen­ egon spearheaded "Columbus and After: Chautauqua program, morning and/or tennial celebration of the Chautauqua move­ Rethinking the Legacy," a touring afternoon workshops were held by each ment in the Society's home county. These Chautauqua program. TIle California towns historian. The sessions focused on a vari­ two events, while different in some ways of Santa BarlJara, Merced, Santa Clara, and ety of age-levels and interests and comple­ from the maiden Columbian voyage, cer­ Ukiah and the Oregon towns of Medford, mented the individual programs and the tainly created encounters and discoveries Bend, and LaGrande hosted the Chautauqua theme of cultural encounters. that have had similar results. which visited each town for four successive In addition, a fifty-six-page Chautauqua For more infomlation about the Oregon nights. The Southern Oregon Historical reader was published and made available to Trail celebration in southern Oregon or the Society sponsored the event in Medford, all attending the Chautauqua prograTIl. The Chautauqua Centennial, contact the Oregon, the first week of August 1992. reader was used to amplify the theme of Southern Oregon Historical Society, 106 N. Four historical figures - Christopher cultural encounters. It contained essays by Central Ave., Medford, OR 97501, Columbus, Father Junipero Serra, Jessie each Chautauqua historian, a generous sam­ (503)773-6536. For more infoffilation about Benton Fremont, and Chief Joseph were pling 9f articles, essays, poems, stories, plays, "Columbus and After: Rethinking the selected for the Chautauqua. Although photos, and illustrations expressing the var­ Legacy," contact the Oregon Council for the these figures came from different times, ied experiences of Native, Euro-African, Humanities, 812 SW Washington, Suite 225, places, and cultures, they represented Hispanic, and Asian-American peoples in Portland, OR 97205, (503)241-0543. singly and collectively cultural tensions the western United States. Editor's note - Joy B. Dunn is Program that evolved from European encounters In all respects, "Columbus and After: Director of the Southern Oregon HistoricaL with the western hemisphere. Rethinking the Legacy" was a success. Society in Medford, Oregon. Audiences were introduced to the cos­ tumed historical figures under a big tent, Christopher Columbus as portrayed by W. Gregory Monahan during the SOHS Chautauqua program. reminiscent of original Chautauqua meet­ "Columbus alld After: Rethinking the Legacy." ings. Each evenin~ a different figure offered a dramatic monologue, followed by ques­ tions from the audience. Each presenter provided an accurate sense of the character's life, then stepped out of the character to offer a critical perspective of the historical figure's role in the impact of the Columbian encoun­ ter. James J. Rawls, who teaches at Diablo Valley College and appears as "Dr. History" on radio in San Francisco, narrated the pro­ grams and assisted audience members to explore the full range of cultural encounters. Opening night audiences met Colum­ bus, portrayed by W. Gregory Monahan, associate professor at Eastern Oregon State College, and learned why Columbus trav­ eled and what forms his "discoveries" took. The next night, Father Junipero Serra was played by noted historian Donald C. Cutter. Serra, a Franciscan priest who founded the Califomia mission system, de­ scribed his missionary purposes, including his encounter with the land, his treatment of the native people, and his own sense of the consequences of the mission system. On the third night, Sally Roesch Wagner depicted Jessie Benton Fremont, daughter of Missouri senator Thomas Hart Benton and wife of explorer John Charles Fremont. lllrough her own encounters

12 Long Range Planning Committee Meets to Develop Plan for Presentation to the Board of Directors of the eNational Council on Public History

by Brit Allan Storey

The Long Range Planning Conunittee port is in the process of writing and edit­ often overlap in scope and effect, can be of the National Council on Public History ing and will be submitted to the Board for independently implemented so that consists of: Robert Archibald, Missouri His­ its consideration at the annual meeting. tasks are split into manageable units for torical Society; Rebecca Conard, Wichita The report will constitute the recom­ implementation. State University; Amy Dase, Texas Historical mendations of the Long Range Planning The Conunittee identified needed Commission; Heather Huyck, Bethesda, Committee for NCPH. The Committee tasks in five areas of activity: Maryland; David Kyvig, University of prioritized each activity in terms of impor­ - Organizational development Akron; Glenda Riley, Ball State University; tance and complexity by assigning items - Financial development and Brit Allan Storey (Chair), Bureau of to one of three categories: "immediate," - Annual Meeting Reclamation. In addition, Philip Scarpino, "soon," and "long term." - Service to membership president-elect of NCPH and chair of the - "Immediate" items are recom­ - Service to the history profession Membership Committee, was asked to mended for completion within six Each of these five areas of proposed participate in the activities of the Conunit­ to twelve months. activity requires numerous actions to tee. Dr. Scarpino's contributions were - "Soon" items are recommended for implement long range change in the important to the work of the Committee. completion within sixteen months. NCPH. The Conunittee met in early December - "Long term" items are recom­ While the Conunittee has met and is in and reviewed the 1990 report of Nicholas mended for completion in sixteen the process of writing its report, comments Muller and the report of March 1992 of to twenty-four months. and suggestions for action items to be David Kyvig as chairs of the Long Range The object of the plan is to have nu­ included in the report are welcome. Please Planning Committee's efforts. A new re- merous elements which, though they contact any Conunittee member.

Paul E. Garber, Smithsonian Curator, Dies e The Smithsonian National Air and Lindberg to give his plane to the Wright well, and in 1909 he watched the Space Museum's first curator, Paul E. Smithsonian. Wright brothers test the first military Garber, has died at the age of 93. Mr. Mr. Garber began working for the plane on an airfield at Fort Myer. Garber acquired most of the prize planes Smithsonian in 1920 and, throughout his life, Mr. Garber had to retire in 1%9 a t the in the Smithsonian's aeronautical collec- traveled across the country acquiring most of age of 70, bu t he amtinued working as His­ tion, including Charles Lindberg's "Spirit the Institution's collection of historical air- torian Emeritus and Ramsey Fellow. "The of St. Louis".This famous acquisition came craft. Among the famous planes Mr. Garber fantastic collection of aircraft, which has as a result of a cablegram. One morning in helped acquire are the Curtiss NC4, the first made the museum such a national and inter­ 1927, Mr. Garber heard on the radio that aircraft to fly across the Atlantic, and the national attraction, owes its very existence to Lindberg had taken off on his flight across Wright brothers' Kitty Hawk Flyer. Paul Garbers zeal for collecting." said Mar­ the Atlantic. Before the plane landed, Mr. Garber was born on August 31, tin Harwit, the director of the Smithsonian's Garber had sent a cable to Paris asking 1899 in Atlantic City, NJ. He knew Orville Air and Space Museum.

-"Assistance Programs" from page 11 Through the agency's authorizing budget of the Division of Preservation Institute of Museum Services (lMS) legislation, the NEH chairman has the and Access. Though IMS does not provide funds ability to grant up to $30,000 in an emer­ To be eligible for an emergency specifically for disaster mitigation, three of its gency. These emergency grants are made grant, the requesting institution must grant programs include funds that can be only when extraordinary circumstances describe the collection's significance to applied toward emergency preparedness. are found to merit im~ediate attention research, education and public program­ Funds from General Operating Support, and warrant bypassing the customary ming in the humanities. The proposal Conservation Project Support and the Pro­ review process used to evaluate grant must indicate the type of emergency, fessional Services Program may be applied requests. why the situation should be considered to develop romprehensive disaster plans, to Funds for such emergency awards an emergency, and how a grant could enhance long-term rollections care through are drawn from the budgetary alloca­ resolve the problem(s) the emergency surveys, treatment, research and training. Wons of regular NEH programs. In the has created. The application must and to underwrite workshops and fund case of emergency preparedness and also define a viable plan of work for projectS that address and increase awareness response grants, funds come from the the project. of the need for emergency preparedness.

13 jWASHINGTON UPDATE

by Page Putnam Miller of a Senate report on mismanagement at February 15, the National Archives Advi- Amendments to the the National Archives, U.S. Archivist Don sory C?uncil. S.upport for an expanded t) National Historic Preser­ Wilson responded with an "Action Plan" strategtc planrung process was also a part vation Act Passed in Last to address some of the identified prob­ of the "Action Plan." The planning process Days of the 102nd Con­ lems. The Senate report, "Serious Manage­ will "include full management participation, gress. On October 30 the ment Problems at the National Archives active consultation with National Archives President signed into a and Records Administration," focused constituents, and the use of professionally law a major water con- primarily on a flawed selection process at recognized planning experts." The goal of servation bill, the Reclamation Projects the National Archives that gave inflated this process, Wilson stated, "is to have a Act, which in Title 40 included amend­ recommendations to an internal candidate model strategic pian for NARA, integrated ments to the Historic Preservation Act. who had neither the training nor the expe­ with both budget and personnel planning The historic preservation amendments, rience of many of the other nineteen appli­ and allocation, by February 15, 1993." frequently referred to as the Fowler / cants for the position of inspector general. For the last several years, some in the Bennett bill for the sponsors Senator Additionally the report detailed subse­ historical and archival professions have Wyche Fowler (D-GA) and Rep. Charles quent examples of inappropriate conduct expressed disappointment that Wilson has Bennett (D-FL), have been under consider­ of the National Archives' first inspector not provided needed leadership and has ation since 1988. Following considerable general, Lawrence Oberg. It stated that he often isolated himself and the agency from revision, the new law emphasizes the violated statutory requirements concern­ users, the Congress, and other agencies. partnership between the National Park ing impartiality and confidentiality as well There is considerable discussion within Service, the Advisory Council on Historic as a prohibition against engaging in the constituent communities as to whether Preservation, the National Trust for His­ agency operations and taking supervision the proposed "Action Plan" offers too toric Preservation and the State Historic from anyone other than the agency head. little, too late. In 1989 the NCC member Preservation Offices. Yet this law does The report concluded that "the man­ organizations sent to the National Ar- include provisions that will allow State agement of the National Archives and chives a report, "Developing a Premier Historic Preservation Offices, meeting Records Administration has, during the National Institution: A Report from the certain standards, to assume additional years 1989-1992, reflected a pattern of ex­ User Community to the National Ar- responsibilities in the identification and pedience and control which has been regu­ chives," that contained a number of sub­ preservation of historic properties. The larly substituted for sound management." stantive recommendations that received law also provides added protection for Immediately following the release of little attention from the archivist. How- properties listed on the National Register the Senate report, Wilson wrote to the ever, a number of key NCC recommenda­ and calls for the establishment of a Na­ chairman of the President's Council on tions are now, three years later and with AI' tional Center for Preservation Technology Integrity and Efficiency, Frank Hodsoll, to prodding from the Senate oversight com- ,.) within the National Park Service. A sec­ whom Senator Glenn had referred the mittee, a part of the "Action Plan." tion on professional standards was of Committee report. In the letter to Hodsoll, While there is a desire for stronger special concern to historians. Early ver­ Wilson stated he would "heartily wel­ leadership at the National Archives, even sions of this legislation focused primarily come" his review and that "every NARA some of Wilson's critics have voiced con­ on the need for professional standards for staff member would cooperate fully in any cern that the Senate report and pressure archeologists. Through the efforts of histo­ inquiries your staff undertakes." for changes, coming at the time of a presi­ rians and the support of Representative In announcing his six point"Action dential transition, might lead to the Bruce Vento (D-MN) the final legislation Plan," Wilson said the plan "will resolve politicization of the position of u.s. Ar­ strengthens the professionalism of all fed­ those problems and perceptions" that had chivist. Commenting on the Senate re­ eral employees and contractors involved been identified in the Senate report. The port, Anne Kenney, president of the in historic preservation work. The law plan deals with several personnel issues. Society of American Archivists, stated describes the role of the Office of Person­ Wilson relieved the inspector general of that "While regretting the circumstances nel Management in revising qualification his duties and detailed Claudine Weiher, surrounding these investigations, SAA is standards for a number of disciplines, the current deputy archivist, to the posi­ pleased to see Congress devoting attention including history. This section states that tion of assistant archivist for the Office of to the effectiveness of one of the nation's "the standards shall consider the particu­ Special and Regional Archives. Raymond premier cultural institutions." But lar skills and expertise needed for the pres­ Mosley, who had held that position, is Kenney added that "it is SANs hope ervation of historic resources" and clarifies now the acting deputy archivist. that the timing of these investigations that there shall be "equivalent requirements" Several points in the"Action Plan" will not compromise the political indepen­ for all disciplines involved. For many years address Wilson's desire "to create a more dence of the National Archives." historians have worked to change the Secre­ participatory management structure" and Representatives of the NCC member tary ofInterior's Cultural Resource Man­ a more cooperative spirit with both con­ organizations met on December 28 during agement Standards which required only a gressional committees and outside con­ the annual meeting of the American His­ bachelor's degree for historians but a stituency groups. He announced the torical Association in Washington to con­ graduate degree for archeologists. establishment of a new internal manage­ sider how best to respond to the Senate National Archives Responses to Senate ment council to deal with agency priori­ report, the Archivist's recently announced Report on Mismanagement. On Novem­ ties, problems, and policy decisions and "Action Plan," and general issues related ber 23, three weeks following the release expressed his desire to reestablish, by to the future of the National Archives. e\

14 ~ULLETIN

Jwards and Fellowships enroll in three university courses in ad­ preparation. Cities hosting the two courses ministration and management or other in 1993 include Atlanta, Fort Worth, Den­ "- The .Un~ted Stat.es ':=apitol Histo.rical Society InVItes applIcations for the eIghth liberal arts fields. The fellow will attend ver, Seattle, Phoenix, Santa Fe, Kansas year of its fellowship designed to support meetings of the Harvard/Radcliff Manu­ City, Fairbanks, Philadelphia, Pasadena, research and publication on the history of scripts/ Archives Group, Harvard Photo Louisville, Chicago, Milwaukee, Boise, the art and architecture of the United Curators, and New England Archivists. Portland, OR, Raleigh, NC, Richmond, States Capitol and related buildings. The second fellowship in archival VA, and Washington, IX. The three-day, Graduate students and scholars may apply administration will be hosted by the Kan­ Introduction to Federal Projects and His­ for periods of one month to one full year; the sas State Historical Society, Library and toric Preservation Law, teaches the basics stipend is $1500 per month. Applications Archives Division, Topeka, KS. The fellow of the project review process - usually must be received by February 15, 1993. For will serve on the administrative staff of referred to as "Section 106 review." Par­ further information contact: Dr. Barbara Patricia A. Michaelis, Director, Library ticipants learn exactly what Section 106 Wolanin, Curator, Architect of the Capitol, and Archives Division. In addition to ad­ review is, when the procedure applies, Washington, DC 20515, (202)225-1222. ministrative duties, the fellow will work and what they need to do to carry it suc­ The National Historical Publications directly with long-range planning for the cessfully to completion. The Council offers and Records Commission (NHPRC) is division; budgeting; divisional staff, divi­ this course in cooperation with the Gen­ now accepting applications from individu­ sion-heads, and society-wide meetings; eral Services Administration Interagency als for two Fellowships in Archival Ad­ and will become an ad-hoc member of Training Center. ministration. Jointly funded by the SHRAB. The fellow will also attend the The Advanced Seminar on Preparing Commission and the Andrew W. Mellon Fall 1993 or Spring 1994 Midwest Archives Agreement Documents Under Section 106 Foundation, these fellowships will provide Conference; meetings of NAGARA, the of NHPA, focuses on drafting and orga­ advanced administrative training in ar­ Kansas City Area Archivists, and the local nizing the major documents used to con­ chives. For the 1993-94 fellowship year, the ARMA chapter; and will participate in the clude project review under Section 106. To stipend is $35,000, with up to $7,000 in State Division of Personnel's supervisory qualify for the course, participants must fringe benefits, for a nine- to twelve-month training program. As part of his/her own have fairly extensive experience working period beginning between August and training, the fellow may enroll in the Uni­ with Section 106 and/or have successfully October 1993. For the first time, fellows versity of Kansas's classes in Historical completed the Council's introductory will have some travel funds available dur­ Administration. Fellowship application course. The Council offers the seminar in ing their fellowship year. forms and more complete descriptions of cooperation with the University of Ne­ a, Fellows are provided with a series of the individual host programs should be vada, Reno. Both courses are open to any requested from the NHPRC, National federal, state, tribal, or local official, gov­ VIministrative an~ decision-making expe­ nences. Included In past fellowships have Archive Building, Washington, DC 20408. ernment contractors, and others who carry been such diverse areas as appraisal, bud­ (202)501-5610. The forms must be com­ out Section l06-related responsibilities. get preparation, personnel administration, pleted and received by the Commission by The cost of the introductory course is $245 publications, plant operation, long-range March 1, 1993. Following the deadline, the per person. For more information on how planning, disaster planning, collection Commission will provide the completed to register, write to the Advisory Council policy, and committee activities. In addi­ fellowship application forms to the host on Historic Preservation, Room 803, 1100 tion to work in these areas of administra­ institutions, each of which will select a Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, tion, the fellow is expected to complete a fellow by mid-June 1993. DC 20004, Attn: Training Coordinator. The technical project. The Naval Historical Center and the cost of the advanced seminar is $325 per Applicants should have between two Naval Historical Foundation are seeking person. For more information on how to and five years' experience in professional nominations for the annual Ernest M. Eller register, write to Cultural Resources Man­ archival work. While not required, it is Prize in Naval History, formerly the U.s. agement, Division of Continuing Educa­ desirable that applicants have the equiva­ Navy Prize in Naval History. The purpose tion/048, University of Nevada, Reno, lent of two semesters of full-time graduate of this prize is to encourage excellence in 1041 N. Virginia St., Reno, NY 89557-0024 tra.ining in a program containing an ar­ research, writing, and publication on the or call UNR's Division of Continuing Edu­ chIves education component. history of the U.s. Navy. A prize of $1,000 cation at (702)784-4046. Host institutions for the 1993-94 Fel­ will be awarded on or about 1 June 1993 to The National Parks and Conservation lowships will be: Radcliff College, the author of the best article on U.s. naval Association announces a conference held Schlesinger Library, Cambridge, MA. The history published in 1992. Articles will be in conjunction with the National Park fellow will serve as a member of the judged on the originality of their contribu­ Service, the National Archives Office of libr~ry's manuscript department adminis­ tion to naval history and their scholarship. Presidential Libraries and several pri­ trative team under the supervision of Eva Authors and journal editors are encour­ vately run presidential properties entitled, Mo~e!ey, the Curator of Manuscripts. In aged to submit copies of nominated ar­ 'lnterpreting and Preserving the Presiden­ a.ddlhon to participating in general activi­ ticles for consideration by 1 March 1993 to: tial Sites." The conference is limited to 80 ties. such as personnel supervision, bud­ Senior Historian, Naval Historical Center, participants and will be held in Washing­ geting, and planning, the fellow will also Building 57, Washington Navy Yard, ton, IX from March 8-12,1993. act as "shadow" curator of manuscripts. Washington, DC 20374-0571. This conference is the first opportunity .S~~h, the fellow will participate in ac­ for managers and interpretive/education • ISltiO~ decisions; supervise manuscript Conferences and Courses specialists from all the presidential proper­ processIng; and help with reference and The Advisory Council on Historic ties to ~eet and discuss ways to work ~~ans. Thruugh Harvard University's Tu­ Preservation is offering two courses in cooperatively to enhance and develop Ition Assistance Program the fellow may 1993 on Section 106 review and document interpretive and education programs. Throughout the one-week conference

15 participants will survey the variety of 18, 1993. The Institute is designed to offer opportunity to keep abreast of current . interpretive programs currently in use at an introduction to modern archival theory archival issues and theories. The 1993 • presidential sites. Additional sessions will and practice for a variety of participants, special topic is a comprehensive study of . feature presentations by Dr. Blanch Cook, including those whose jobs require a fun­ the legal and ethical issues affecting archi­ David McCullough and Dr. Robert Remini damental understanding of archival skills, val programs. (among others) which are designed to but have little or no previous archives Participants in either program qualify inform participants about recent scholar­ education, those already in the profes­ for 1.2 C.E.U. credits. For information ship relating to the presidency. A field trip sion who want to update and renew contact Penny Holewa, Archivist, Re­ activity to several nearby presidential their archival knowledge, and those who search Library, Old Sturbridge Village, 1 properties is also planned. wish to explore the possibility of an ar­ Old Sturbridge Village Road, Sturbridge, A limited number of scholarships and chival career. MA 01566. (508)347-3362, Fax (508)347- travel grants are available for both federal The 1993 program will feature James 5375. and non-federal participants. For addi­ O'Toole of the University of Massachu­ Indiana University's School of Con­ tional information and conference scholar­ setts, Department of History, author of the tinuing Studies, Fine Arts Museum and ship application contact: Bruce Craig, SAA manual Understanding Archives and Lilly Library will sponsor a week-long Cultural Resources Program Manager, Manuscripts, as the principal faculty mem­ course on museum conservation, "Preven­ National Parks and Conservation Associa­ ber. Joining him on the faculty will be tive Conservation," June 13-18, 1993. The tion, Suite 200, 1776 Massachusetts Ave., distinguished working professionals. In course will be taught using the facilities of NW, Washington, DC 20036, (202)223- addition, the program will include site the Fine Arts Museum and the Lilly li­ 6722 ext. #236. visits to two historical records repositories brary and will draw from the extensive The RESTORE Intensive Workshop in the area. collections of both museums, and from the on Masonry Conservation will be held in Sessions will include history and de­ Indianapolis Museum of Art. Williamsburg, Virginia, the week of March velopment of the profession, theory and The course will give participants a 22-26,1993, at the Willamsburg Lodge terminology, records management, ap­ basic introduction to preventative conser­ Conference Center. RESTORE is a not-for­ praisal, arrangement, description, manu­ vation for collections on display, in stor- profit Educational Corporation incorpo­ scripts acquisition, archives and the law, age, and in transit. It will focus on ways of rated under the New York State Education photographs, preservation administration, preventing or slowing the deterioration of Law. Founded in 1976, RESTORE offers to reference and access, automation, outreach objects through control of the design professionals and craftsmen a programs, managing archival programs collections'environment and will empha- range of programs related to building and institutions, and several practices. size a common sense approach rather than conservation and preservation mainte­ Tuition for the program is $450 and advocating expensive or complex care _ nance technology. RESTORE participants includes a selection of archival publica­ strategies. The emphasis of the course wil. learn how to analyze and resolve the com­ tions. Housing and meal plans are avail­ be on collective treatment and not on the plex problems they encounter daily when able at Berkeley's Clark Kerr Campus for conservation treatment of individual ob- dealing with the maintenance and preser­ additional charges. The application dead­ jects. It will include such aspects of collec­ vation of masonry shuctures of any vin­ line is April 1, 1993. For additional infor­ tions care as introduction to materials, tage. Preservation issues covered in the mation and an application form, contact environmental control and monitoring in RESTORE curriculum include: problem Nancy Zimmelman, Administrator, West­ museums and libraries, and precautions to analysis and causes of masonry deterio­ ern Archives Institute, 201 N. Sunrise Av­ be taken in lighting and design and in the ration; technology of masonry cleaning, enue, Roseville, CA 95661. (916)773-3000. selection of materials to be used for hous- coatings, and consolidants; technology The sixth annual New England Mu­ ing, exhibit, and storage. Environmental of masonry repair and replacement ma­ seum Association and Old Sturbridge monitoring devices and the testing of ma­ terials; field and laboratory testing; spe­ Village Museum Archives Institute will terials will be demonstrated. Examination, cial problems related to design and be held at Old Sturbridge Village, condition reports and condition surveys of detailing; the health and environmental Sturbridge, Massachusetts, April 16 & 17 collections will be discussed as will disas- hazards of architectural restoration and will include both introductory and ter planning, security, funding, and sup- work. RESTORE curricula have been special topic programs. The introductory ply sources. A day trip to the conservation approved by the Professional Develop­ program is designed for the beginner who department at the Indianapolis Museum ment Committee of the American Insti­ works in a museum or historical society, of Art, a demonstration of papermaking tute of Architects. Graduates of the and will offer a variety of comprehensive by the Twinrocker Hand Paper Mill and a RESTORE Program are eligible to receive and in-depth sessions focused on basic visit to Echo Press, Indiana University's AlA-Continuing Education Units. archival theories and practices. This year's Fine Art Press, are planned. Tuition for the Workshop is $1,300, curriculum includes such topics as refer­ The course will be taught by Jim Ca­ which includes lab fees and all printed ence and access, film and sound record­ nary, special collections conservator for indi­ course materials. For applications and ings, automation, photographs, and ana University libraries and Danae further information about the RESTORE preservation planning. Two programs, Thirnme, associate director for conservation Intensive Workshop, please contact Jan "arrangement and description" and at the Indiana University Art Museum. C.K. Anderson (212)477-0114. "records management and appraisal" will Tuition for the course is $350 and in­ The Society of California Archivists be offered concurrently. Participants may cludes all inshuctional materials, refresh­ and the California State Archives an­ choose to attend either of these sessions. ment breaks and an opening reception. _ nounce the seventh annual Western Ar­ Instead of the introductory program, Housing, parking and meals are not in- ., chives Institute to be held at the Clark Kerr participants may select the alternate spe­ cluded in the tuition. Enrollment is lim- Conference Center on the campus of the cial topic program. This session can pro­ ited, and early registration is University of California-Berkeley June 6- vide the experienced archivist with the recommended. The registration deadline

16 [------' . May 7, 1993. For more information con­ annual meeting, ''The Legacy of '49," in conference, and conduct research. 3) Afri­ Act Jane Clay, School of Continuing Stud­ Nevada City, CA, October 21-24,1993. can-American Archives Specialist to ac­ ~, 204 Owen Hall, Indiana University, Pre-conference workshops - some free­ quire and make available historical Bloomington, IN 47405, (812)855-6329, Fax will be held October 21. For more informa­ materials to a broad public audience. All (812)855-8997. tion, contact Janet Wadley at (916)446- positions require MA degree and/ or expe­ The Fifteenth Annual Mid-America 7340, or write CCPH c/o California rience. Competitive salary and benefits. Conference on History will be held on 16- History Center, 21250 Stevens Creek Blvd., Application deadline March 5, 1993. For 18 September 1993 at Oklahoma State Cupertino, CA 95014. application materials, contact Robert University. Proposals for papers or entire Weible, Division of History, PHMC, Box sessions in all fields of history should in­ Exhibits 1026, Harrisburg, PA 17108; (717)787- clude a title, one-page abstract, and vita. 3034. Women and minorities strongly The Navy Museum marked the The deadline for proposals is 15 May 1993. encouraged to apply. Qualified appli­ completion of their major retrospective Please send all correspondence to: Mid­ cants will be added to the state's Civil exhibition, "In Harm's Way: The Navy in America Program Committee, Department Service Register. World War II" with the opening of a sec­ of History, 501 Life Science West, Okla­ tion on the "Home Front." The exhibit homa State University, Stillwater, OK covers recruiting, training, production, Publications 74078. (405)744-5678. and life at home during the war, as well as The National Park Service announces The Columbia University Oral His­ the WAVES and Naval Gun Factory at the the first edition of a list of Audiovisual tory Research Office will once again offer Washington Navy Yard. A new brochure Materials for Preservation Education. The its Summer Institute in Oral History. This on the Navy's role in the Atlantic and list provides a comprehensive source for year's Institute will consist of two terms: Mediterranean during World War II was information about materials available for the first running from May 30-June 12, recently published in conjunction with the loan, rental or purchase which may be 1993; the second from June 14-26, 1993. exhibition. Copies may be obtained at the used in preservation education. The list Participants may choose either session, or museum or will be mailed out on request; should become more complete as more both. Courses will be given in theory, send inquiries to Dr. Edward M. Furgol, producers become aware of its existence. method, film, audio documentary produc­ Curator, The Navy Museum, Building 76, The database is intended to include the tion, community history, public history Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC full range of available materials, from and African-American history. For further 20374-0571. detailed demonstrations of correct repair information contact: Oral History Re­ procedures for historic building fabrics search Office, Box 20 Butler Library, Co- to general introductions to preservation Ambia University, New York, NY 10027. Positions philosophy and practice. The audiovi­ .12)854-2273. Middle Tennessee State University sual materials may be aimed at The 1993 Lowell Conference on In­ seeks applicants for Public History /His­ craftspeople, practicing architects and dustrial History, June 3-5, will explore the toric Preservation Assistant or Associate architectural students, preservation pro­ link between the slavery system and the Professor, tenure track. Ph.D. required and fessionals and advocates, school children textile industry. Other aims include dis­ significant practical field experience in and adults. cussion of white working class attitudes historic preservation and/ or cultural re­ To create the list, universities, state towards enslaved African Americans, the sources management Must be able to historic preservation officers, units of the notion of wage slavery, abolitionism and teach U.s. Survey. The Public History / National Park Service, the American In­ antiabolitionism. The conference will in­ Historic Preservation Program at MTSU is stitute of Architects and producers of clude workshops, media and living his­ a nationally-known, expanding graduate audiovisual material known to relate to tory presentations, panel discussions, and (M.A. and D.A.) program in a growing historic preservation were contacted. a distinguished group of speakers. Ses­ regional institution of 16,000 students, Every effort will be made to keep the list sions and activities are geared for scholars, thirty miles south of Nashville. Women current. Other producers and distribu­ museum staff, teachers, public history and minorities are encouraged to apply. tors are invited to send current listings professionals, and the general public. MTSU is an AA/EOE employer. Send of preservation related audiovisual ma­ The conference, which will be held at letter of application, curriculum vita, unof­ terials to: National Park Service, Preser­ Lowell National Historical Park in Massa­ ficial transcript, and three letters of recom­ chusetts, is sponsored by the Tsongas mendation to Dr. Andrew Gulliford, vation Assistance Division, P.O. Box Industrial History Center of the University Public History Search, Deparbnent of 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127, At­ of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell His­ History, Campus Box 23, Middle Tennes­ tention: Susan Escherich. If you would torical Society, National Park Service, see State University, Murfreesboro, TN, like a brief review of your material in­ Lowell Historic Preservation Commission, 37132. Review of applications will con­ cluded in the listing, please send a re­ and others. Funding is provided by Lowell tinue until the position is filled. view copy to Ms. Escherich, noting National Historical Park, Lowell Historic The Pennsylvania Historical and whether you would like the copy do­ Preservation Commission, Massachusetts Museum Commission anticipates the nated to the library of the National Trust Foundation for Humanities and the Na­ appointments of three history-related for Historic Preservation at the Univer­ tional Park Service through'its Cultural professionals in early 1993. 1) Industrial sity of Maryland or returned to you. esour~es Training Initiative. For informa­ History Specialist, with background in Listors will automatically receive the n wnte, Marty Blatt, Historian, Lowell labor, business, technology, or related updated list. Others wishing to receive it •ational Historical Park, 169 Merrimack field, to manage public programs and should contact the Editor of CRM at the Street, Lowell, MA 01852; (508)459-1027 conduct related research projects. 2) Afri­ above address. The California Council for the Pro­ can-American History Specialist to man­ National Park Service announces motion of History (CCPH) will hold its age public programs, including a yearly publication of A Directory of Training

17 Opportullities ill Cultural Resource Manage­ The American Environment: Histori­ and others who want to protect our ar­ ment (Short Term) which identifies work­ cal Geographic Interpretations of Impact cheological resources. The book is divid"'& shops, courses, seminars, and classes held and Policy, edited by Lary M. Dilsaver into six main sections. The first is an "'"W from October, 1992 through December and Craig E. Colten, is now available from overview of the archeological resource 1993 on cultural resource topics offered by Rowman & Littlefield as part of the Inter­ protection problem in the United States, federal and state agencies, universities, pretations of Past Geographies series. In including vandalism and looting. Fol­ and other organizations throughout the recent decades, historical geographers lowing is a section on ARPA, with a United States. The classes range in dura­ have left the study of nature-culture detailed discussion of the criminal pros­ tion from one day to several weeks. In interactions to others, most notably to ecution provisions of the law. The re­ addition to the course listings, the direc­ environmental historians. This volume mainder of the book discusses tory provides four indexes that enable contains original essays, written by his­ step-by-step the process of investigating the reader to find course information by torical geographers, which explore both the and prosecuting an archeological crime. topic, state, data, or title. The directory unplanned impact of human society on the Archeological Resource Protection is a also provides addresses where informa­ environment and the deliberate manage­ guidebook for both the lay person and tion on longer term courses and degree ment policies designed to control it. With the profeSSional. programs may be obtained. Single com­ this collection, Dilsaver and Colten provide a Sherry Hutt, Superior Court Judge, plimentary copies of the directory may thorough introduction to a scholarship with state of Arizona, Elwood W. Jones, senior be secured by writing to Emogene Bevitt, a long but thinly attended past and a rapidly instructor, Federal Law Enforcement Preservation Assistance Division, National accelerating research agenda. For more infor­ Training Center, and Martin E. McAllister, Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, mation contact Rowrnan & Littlefield Pub­ a consulting archeologist formerly em­ DC 20013-7127. (202)343-9561 lishers, Inc., 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, ployed by the USDA Forest Service have The New York State Archives and Maryland 20706; (800)462-6420. all handled ARPA cases and have been Records Administration announces the The Society of California Archivists active in teaching the need to protect our publication of two new finding aids for announces the publication of the second archeological resources. increased access to records at the State issue of Westwords, a series of occasional Individual copies of Archeological Re­ Archives. '''The Lusk Committee: A Guide papers that will address topics of interest source Protection may be ordered for $19.95 to Records of the Joint Legislative Com­ to the archival, manuscript and library plus $4 shipping and handling for the first mittee to Investigate Seditious Activities" communities. Each issue in tum will copy; $1 for each additional from the Pres­ enables researchers to study records docu­ present a single essay on a significant sub­ ervation Press, 1785 Massachusetts Av­ menting New York's experience during ject, such as the piece published here, enue, NW, Washington, DC 20036; the "Red Scare" of the early twentieth "Practical Large-Scale Disaster Planning" (202)673-4058 or 1-800-766-6847. .. century. "The Mighty Chain" is a compre­ by Christopher Coleman, Library Preser­ Canada's National Museum of Sci- .­ hensive guide to 2,560 cubic feet of records vation Officer at the University of Califor­ ence and Technology has published a about the development of New York's nia, Los Angeles. Copies of the first issue special issue of Material History Review, canal system. The records span the time are also available. its semi-annual journal, on The Persis- period 1794-1958. For more information, As publisher of Westwords, the Society tence of Technology. In his introduction, call (518)474-8955. of California Archivists hopes that the guest editor Kris E. Inwood of the Uni­ Cemeteries and Gravemarkers: series will serve as a forum for the ex­ versity of Guelph explains the impor- Voices of American Culture, edited by change of information and ideas among tance of this study, and of material Richard E. Meyer with a foreword by professionals in many fields and that culture itself. MHR 36 places special James Deetz is new in paperback from each essay will instruct and intrigue its emphasis on the economic aspects of the Utah State University Press. With a cem­ readers. Consequently, Westwords is persistence of old technology. etery in virtually every settled community published not merely for the members of The articles in this issue explore the in America, cemeteries and gravemarkers the Society but for all our colleagues in factors that allow old technolOgies to per­ offer one of the richest yet least exploited the archival, library, museum and re­ sist long after the introduction of new, sources of information on American cul­ lated fields. Individuals or institutions improved methods. Research reports on ture. In this volume Richard E. Meyer, who wish to purchase copies may order the cooperage industry, on the career of founder and chairman of the Cemeteries them from: Peter Blodgett, SCA Publica­ lock inventor and manufacturer Alfred E. and Gravemarkers permanent section of tions Committee, Huntington Library, Peters of Moncton, New Brunswick, and the American Culture Association, has 1151 Oxford Rd., San Marino, CA 91108. on the life of Montreal nail manufacturer gathered twelve original essays, examin­ The per-copy cost is $3.50 for SCA mem­ Randolph Hersey complement the ar­ ing burial grounds through the centuries bers and $4.40 for non-members, including ticles. This issue of Materwl History Re­ and across the land. postage and handling. view also includes a photo essay on some The contributors to Cemeteries and The National Trust for Historic Pres­ remarkable survivals by Ralph Gravemarkers include researchers from ervation announces the publication of Greenhill, well known for his work in such diverse diSciplines as: folklore, art Archeological Resource Protection, by Sherry industrial archaeology, architectural his­ history, cultural geography, anthropology, Hutt, Elwood W. Jones and Martin E. tory and photography. history, American studies, and English. McAl:ister, a guide to legal tools in the For more information, contact the There are 347 pages, 97 photographs, and United States that protect archeological National Museum of Science and Technol­ 27 illustrations. ISBN 0-87421-160-3, $19.95 materials on federal and Indian lands. An ogy (MHR), P.O. Box 9724, Ottawa Terrn.A paper. To order: write or call Utah State attorney, an archeolOgist, and a law en­ nal, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5A3. TelephonJll' University Press, Logan, Utah 84322-7800; forcement officer discuss the Archaeologi­ (613)990-3635. Fax: (613)990-3636. (801 )750-1362. cal agents, land managers, archaeolOgists,

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