NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

Walter J. Burdhardt, S. J., is the editor of Theological Studies and is Theologian-in-Residence at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. Lisa Sowle Cahill, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Theology De• partment at Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Klaus Demmer, M.S.C., is Professor of Moral Theology at the Pontifi• cal Gregorian University in Rome. Jude P. Dougherty, Ph.D., is Dean and Professor of Philosophy in the School of Philosophy at The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. Josef Fuchs, S. J., is Professor of Moral Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. John Collins Harvey, M.D., is Professor of Medicine at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. J. Bryan Hehir is a Senior Research Scholar at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. and the Secretary of the Department of Social Development and World Peace at the U. S. Catholic Conference. Monika Hellwig, Ph.D., is Professor of Systematic Theology at George• town University, Washington, D.C. and is currently President of the Catholic Theological Society of America. Gerard J. Hughes, S. J., is Head of the Philosophy Department at Heythrop College, University of London, London. John P. Langan, S. J., is the Rose F. Kennedy Professor of at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, and a Senior Fellow at the Woodstock Theological Center, Georgetown University, Washing• ton, D.C. Robert F. Leavitt, S. S., is President and Rector of St. Mary's Seminary and University, Baltimore, Maryland. His Eminence, Carlo Maria Martini, S. J., is the Archbishop of Milan. William E. May, Ph.D., is Ordinary Professor of Moral Theology in the

301 302 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

Department of Theology at The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. Richard A. McCormick, S. J., is the John A. O'Brien Professor of Christian Ethics in the Department of Theology at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana. E. D. Pellegrino, M.D., is Director of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, and is the John Carroll Professor of Medicine and Medical Humani• ties at Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. Bruno Schuller, S. J., is Professor of Moral Theology at Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat in Munster. Robert S. Sokolowski, Ph.D., is Professor of Philosophy at The Catho• lic University of America, Washington, D.C. David C. Thomasma, Ph.D., holds the Michael 1. English, S. J., Chair of Medical Ethics and is Director of the Medical Humanities Program at the Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. William A. Wallace, O. P., is Professor of Philosophy and History of Science at the Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. John H. Wright, S. J., is Professor of Systematic Theology at the Jesuit School of Theology, Berkeley, California. INDEX

abortion 1, 50, 51, 58, 59, 90,119,132, deontological approach 2-3,61,289, 149-150,153,157,162,176-179,207, 294 212-215,217,219-220,224,226 natural norms and 23-53,47-51,55-58 abundance (principle of) 118-119 procedural approach 3 agape 65, 155 professional philosophers and 2 agapeistic ethics 277-297 public policy and 217-220,224 Albertus Magnus 28 scripture and 96,99,124,136-137,291 altruism 290 teleological approach 61, 96, 99 American Medical Association (AMA) theological approach 2, 83-92, 93-101, 156,294,297 103-122,136,141,271-274 Antonelli, J. 134, 143n utilitarian approach 2, 289 Antoninus, St. 3, 134, 143n Blondel, M. 239, 253n apatheia 89 Boethius 257 Aquinas, St. Thomas 17, 23-51, 52n, 79, Bouvia vs. Superior Court 293, 298n 93,94,97,133,135,138,140,143, Brandt, R. 61, 77n 171,197,231,234,245,256-257, 284-287 Cahill, L. 135, 137-140, 143,278,280 Aristotle 3,15,16,23-51, 52n, 63, 66, Capellman, C. 134, 144n, 171 71,93,185,234,256-257 casuistry 1, 9,14,94,133,278 artificial insemination 64 Catholic Health Association 218, 221n, Ashley, B. M. 52n 228, 229n Augustine, St. 79, 132, 133n, 158, 171, causality 25-26, 51,120 231,233,256,286 charity (virtue of) 3, 4, 274, 277-297 autonomy (principle of) 16, 108, 111,239, Childress, J. 61 251,291-293 church-state relationship 206,210 A verroes 28, 256 Civilta cattolica 147 Clement of Alexandria 132, 232 Balthasar, H. U. von 76, 77n Collins, R. F. 95, 102n Barry, B. 62, 77n conception 48,58,76,150-151 Barth, K. 108 delayed hominization 48,50,79 Bauer, VV.232,253n immediate hominization 48, 51 Beauchamp, T. L. 61, 77n Connery, J. 156, 166n Bell. D. 252. 253n constitution (U .S.) 205-206 beneficence (principle of) 279, 281, 289, contraception 1, 50, 64,132, 152, 159, 292-293 161,175 Bernardin, J. Cardinal 98, 157, 166n covenant 296 biomedical ethics 1, 15,23 creation 26,36-40,80,120-121 catholic tradition and 1-5, 83-92, 93, creationism 56, 58 129-143 Crosby,J. 288, 298n

303 304 INDEX

Cuomo, M. 215, 221n Galen 25 Galileo 37,235,257,270 Davidson, D. 187, 196n Gaudium et spes 10, 16, lOIn, 210--211 Demmer, K. 122n, 135, 140--142 Gilby, T. 284, 298n Dewey, J. 56 Gilleman, G. 287, 298n Dignitatis humanae 16, 210 gnosticism 89, 232-233 Donovan, D. 147, 166n Grandy, R. 187-188, 196n double effect (principle of) 181 Greeley, A. 164, 166n Dubay, T. 160, 166n Gregory IX 133, 144n Grisez, G. 152, 166n Eibach, U. 69, 77n Guardini, R. 280--282, 287, 298n Engelhardt, H. T., Jr. 250, 298n Gustafson, J. M. 83, 92n Enlightenment 236--237, 251, 257 ethics Hallet, G. 183, 196n, 282-283, 298n agapeistic 65, 277-297 Hannan, Archbishop P. 156, 166n deontologicaI61-62, 64--66, 71, 79,154 Hare, R. M. 62, 63, 77n law and 9,16,17,212-213,215 Haring, B. 10, 135 normative 61-76, 83, 87, 104--105 Hauerwas, S. 253, 298n scripture and 93-98,105-106,137 Hawkins, D. J. B. 287 social 3, 207,214--220,227-228, healing 59,288 291-292 health 265,267-268 teleological 61-66, 73, 79,150--151154 Healy, E. F. 131, 144n utilitarian 62-66, 70--71, 73-75, 80 Hehir, J. B. 17, 18, 101,223-228, 229n see biomedical ethics Hellegers, A. 18 euthanasia 75-76, 87, 185 Hellwig, M. 135,141-143 evolution 26, 36--40, 49, 56 Herbert, A. P. 74 Extraordinary Synod (1985) 10,258--259 Hippocrates 84 Hippocratic oath 272 faith 83-87,90,94,104,106--111,114, Hodgson, D. H. 63, 77n 125,131,136--140,155,212,233, Hollenbach, D. 227, 298n 244,256,258,286 Horton, R. 187, 196n biomedical ethics and 83 Hughes,G. 100, 196n, 197-200,278 science and 16 human dignity 11, 84, 86--89, 108, Feyerabend, P. 121 239-240,274,280 Fichte, J. G. 61 human nature 23-53,59, 118, 176, 192, Findlay, J. N. 63 240,273 Finney, P. 134, 144n 118 Finnis, J. 65, 298n Humani generis 162 Fletcher, Joseph 75-76, 77n, 277-278, humanity (principle of) 187-193 282, 298n Hyde,H.215,221n Ford, J. C. 152, 166n Frankena, VV.61,62,65-66, 77n,281 illness 59, 115, 131, 143, 173,265-266 Fuchs,J. 92n, 93-94, 99, lOin, 102n, in-vitro fertilization 70, 74,130,141,155, 122n, 135-139, 166n,278-279 162,176,179,219

Gadamer, H-G. 170 Jaeger, VV .. 67, 77n INDEX 305

Jesus Christ 85-86, 95,108,124, Moore, G. E. 62, 63, 78n 126-127,131-133,143,151,169, moral consensus 209, 217,223-228,249, 242-243,272,274,290,292 251 John XXIII 98,133,139,155,162,211 Murray, J. C. 17, 19n, 207-211, 221n, John Paul lIB, 15, 19n, 98, 102n, 122n, 223,225,282 139,158,161, 166n, 171, 286, 298n see Wojtyla, K. National Conference of Catholic Bishops Jonsen, A. R. 298n 100, 148, 163, 212, 221n, 293, 300n Jung, C. 60n national health insurance 220 justice natural kinds 26,29-36 principle of 291 23, 57-59, 84, 88-89, 93-101, social 216-220 107,117,125-128,135-143,198,211, 225-226, 251, 2XO Kant, I. 61, 64, 71-72, 77n, 158, 180, dialogical model 98, 100 236,289,292,294 human self-understanding and 84, 93, Kass, L. 275n 135-136,141 Kennedy, E. 215 New Testament 11, 71, 94, 95,138,151, Kenny,J. P. 131, 144n 233,242,287 Koestler, A. 255 Newton, I. 37,235 Kuhn, T. 122n, 185 Niebuhr, H. R. 248, 253 Niedermeyer, A. 131, 144n Ladriere, 1.114, 122n non-contradiction (principle of) 198-199 Landen, L. 52n Norman, R. 63, 78n Leavitt, R. F. 255-260 Ncvak, M. 215/221n Leibniz, G. W. 259 nuclear deterrence 209, 212-214, 224 Lonergan,B.79,246-247,253n,257 Lugo, J. de 65 O'Brien, T. C. 285, 299n Lynne,J.60n O'Donnell, T. J. 131, 144n Old Testament 131 Mabbott, J. D. 68, 77n Optatam totius 9, 94, 102n Machiavelli, N. 295 Orsy, L. 163, 166n MacIntyre,}\.56,60n,249-251,253n magisterium 4, 10, 51, 64, 90-92, paranesis 11, 66-72,75-76,79 111-112,123-128,138-139,150-152, Passmore, J. 61, 78n 161-164,169,211,228,259 paternalism 293, 296 natural law and 97-99 Pellegrino, E. D. 60n, 299n McCloskey, H. J. 71, 77n personhood 85,176-179,197,200-201 McCormick, R. 17, 19n, 278, 298n persuasive designations 72-77, 79 medicine Petre, M. 148, 166n definition of 265-267 philosophy good of 267-270 Catholic traditions and 79-80,83,93, internal morality of 278-280 97 medical activity 263-264 of human nature 24-51, 55, 58, 79 religious aspect of 271 of medicine 55-60 Merton, T. 280, 282, 299n of nature 24-51, 58, 79 Mill, J. S. 65,66, 78n, 289 of science 24-25 306 INDEX

physician relativism 25, 100, 147, 157-158, 184-195, as physician 263-265, 266 249,251 clinical 14, 15 "religious right" 207 non-clinical 14 Rerum novarum 100 obligations of 263 resource allocation 3, 16 physician-patient relationship 1, 59,175, respect for persons 69-71 264-265,279,296 revelation 14, 88, 104, 108, 123-128, Pinckaers,S. 155, 166n,284-285,299n 139-142,159,231,237-244,252, Pittinger, N. 283, 299n 256-258,281,287 Pius XII 115, 122n, 135, 141, 156, 161, Ricoeur,P.231,237,249,253n 210 Rorty, R. 122n Plamenatz, J. 63, 78n Ross, W. D. 62,63,71, 78n Plato 63,66-67,84,256,259 Russell, B. 68 Pie, A. 289, 299n pluralism 55, 56 Schillebeekx, E. 60n complementary 160--161,258-259 scholasticism 234 contradictory 160--161, 258-259 Schuller, B. 151, 154, 158, 167n epistemology and 258 Schopenhauer,A. 73, 78n health care and 216-220,224 Sermon on the Mount 3, 10, lOIn, 280, internal to 3,147-166, 289-290,297 169-172,214-216,228-229,244 Shelp, E. E. 83, 92n medical ethics and 148-152 Singer, M. 63,71, 78n moral 2, 173-195, 197-198,249-251 situationism 147, 157,277-278 religious 169,205-220,223-229,235 social policy 205-221,224 structured 216 sociobiology 25, 60n United States and 205-208, 249 Sokolowski, R. 275n, 279, 288 Potter, R. B. 213, 221n Spaemann, R. 62, 63 "preferential option" 217, 228, 292 Spohn, W. 282-283,300n President's Commission for the Study of Stebbing, S. 73-74, 78n Ethical Problems in Medicine and subjectivism 147, 157-160, 172 Biomedical and Behavioral Research 1,2 technology 2,56,209,240 procreation 45-47, 89, 150 dignity of persons and 11 proportionalism 159, 199 human ends and 13 radicalizing effects of 12 quality of life 85, 156 reproductive 2 Quay, P. 153, 166n Teilhard de Chardin 57, 59, 79,171 Quinlan, Karen Ann 1 theology Quine, W. 185-186 moral 9-10, 103-128, 133-135, 147-166, Quinn, Archbishop 163, 166n 182, 198-199 systematic 123-128, 255 Rahner, K. 79,135, 143, 152, 163, 166n, Thomasma, D. C. 79 171, 196n, 284 totality (principle of) 114-116, 141 Rashdall, H. 63 Toulmin, S. 15, 19n, 298n Ratzinger, J. Cardinal 159, 164, 167n, Tracy, D. 246-247,253n 172, 299n Troeltsch, E. 233, 253n INDEX 307

Vacek, E. 160, 167n Weakland, Archbishop R. 162, 167n Vatican I 91,139,231,237,258 Weber,~. 73, 78n Vatican II 9-11, 19n, 79, 86, 91, 94, 97, Weisheipl, J. A. 53n 127,139,143,155,162,165,207, withdrawing/withholding treatment 156, 210,223,229,231,238-241,252,255 162 virtue theory 3, 279, 288 Wright, G. H. von 63, 78n Voegelin, E. 231, 253n Wojtyla, K. 286, 300n see John Paul II Walgrave, J. H. 284, 300n Wallace, W. A. 52n, 53n, 55-60, 79 Zachia, P. 134, 144n The Philosophy and Medicine Book Series Editors H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. and Stuart F. Spieker

1. Evaluation and Explanation in the Biomedical Sciences 1975, vi + 240 pp. ISBN 90-277-0553-4 2. Philosophical Dimensions of the Neuro-Medical Sciences 1976, vi + 274 pp. ISBN 90-277-0672-7 3. Philosophical Medical Ethics: Its Nature and Significance 1977, vi + 252 pp. ISBN 90-277-0772-3 4. Mental Health: Philosophical Perspectives 1978, xxii + 302 pp. ISBN 90-277-O828~2 S. Mental Illness: Law and Public Policy 1980, xvii + 254 pp. ISBN 90-277-1057-0 6. Clinical Judgment: A Critical Appraisal 1979, xxvi + 278 pp. ISBN 90-277-0952-1 7. Organism, Medicine, and Metaphysics Essays in Honor of Hans Jonas on his 75th Birthday, May 10, 1978 1978, xxvii + 330 pp. ISBN 90-277-0823-1 8. Justice and Health Care 1981, xiv + 238 pp. ISBN 90-277-1207-7(HB) 90-277-1251-4(PB) 9. The Law-Medicine Relation: A Philosophical Exploration 1981, xxx +0292 pp. ISBN 90-277-1217-4 10. New Knowledge in the Biomedical Sciences 1982, xviii + 244 pp. ISBN 90-277-1319-7 11. Beneficence and Health Care 1982, xvi + 264 pp. ISBN 90-277-1377-4 12. Responsibility in Health Care 1982, xxiii + 285 pp. ISBN 90-277-1417-7 13. Abortion and the Status of the Fetus 1983, xxxii + 349 pp. ISBN 90-277-1493-2 14. The Clinical Encounter 1983, xvi + 309 pp. ISBN 90-277-1593-9 15. Ethics and Mental Retardation 1984, xvi + 254 pp. ISBN 90-277-1630-7 16. Health, Disease, and Causal Explanations in Medicine 1984, xxx + 250 pp. ISBN 90-277-1660-9 17. Virtue and Medicine Explorations in the Character of Medicine 1985, xx + 363 pp. ISBN 90-277-1808-3 18. Medical Ethics in Antiquity Philosophical Perspectives on Abortion and Euthanasia 1985, xxvi + 242 pp. ISBN 90-277-1825-3(HB) 90-277-1915-2(PB) 19. Ethics and Critical Care Medicine 1985, xxii + 236 pp. ISBN 90-277-1820-2 20. Theology and Bioethics Exploring the Foundations and Frontiers 1985, xxiv + 314 pp. ISBN 90-277-1857-1 21. The Price of Health 1986, xxx + 280 pp. ISBN 90-277-2285-4 22. Sexuality and Medicine Volume I: Conceptual Roots 1987, xxxii + 271 pp. ISBN 90-277-2290-0(HB) 90-277-2386-9(PB) 23. Sexuality and Medicine Volume II: Ethical Viewpoints in Transition 1987, xxxii + 279 pp. ISBN 1-55608-013-1(HB) 1-55608-016-6(PB) 24. Euthanasia and the Newborn Conflicts Regarding Saving Lives 1987, xxx + 313 pp. ISBN 90-277-3299-4(HB) 1-55608-039-5(PB) 25. Ethical Dimensions of Geriatric Care Value Conflicts for the 21st Century 1987, xxxiv +298pp. ISBN 1-55608-027-1 26. On the Nature of Health An Action-Theoretic Approach 1987, xviii + 204 pp. ISBN 1-55608-032-8 27. The Contraceptive Ethos Reproductive Rights and Responsibilities 1987, xxiv + 254 pp. ISBN 1-55608-035-2 28. The Use of Human Beings in Research With Special Reference to Clinical Trials 1988, xxii + 292 pp. ISBN 1-55608-043-3 29. The Physician as Captain of the Sbip A Critical Appraisal 1988, xvi + 254 pp. ISBN 1-55608-044-1 30. Health Care Systems Moral Conflicts in European and American Public Policy 1988, xx + 368 pp. ISBN 1-55608-045X 31. Death: Beyond Whole-Brain Criteria 1988, x + 276 pp. ISBN 1-55608-053-0 32. Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical Ethics 1988, vi + 232 pp. ISBN 1-55608-060-3 33. Children en Health Care: Moral and Social Issues 1989, xxiv + 349 pp. ISBN 1-55608-078-6 34. Catholic Perspectives on Medical Morals Foundational Issues 1989, vi + 308 pp. ISBN 1-55608-083-2