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State of Pain: Torture in Uganda

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State of Pain: Torture in Uganda Human Rights Watc h March 2004, Vol. 16, No. 4 (A) State of Pain: Torture in Uganda Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................1 Glossary of Acronyms................................................................................................................................2 I. Summary......................................................................................................................................................4 II. Recommendations..................................................................................................................................8 To the Government of Uganda:.........................................................................................................8 To the Judiciary: .....................................................................................................................................10 To the Ugandan Medical Profession and Its Relevant Associations:..................................10 To Donor Countries:............................................................................................................................10 To the United Nations (U.N.) Commission on Human Rights and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights: .............................................................................12 III. Background ...........................................................................................................................................13 2001 Presidential Elections ................................................................................................................13 Rebel Groups in Uganda.....................................................................................................................14 Treason and Terrorism Laws.............................................................................................................15 Amnesty ....................................................................................................................................................17 Who Detains and Tortures: The Security Forces .......................................................................19 IV. Cases of Torture and Arbitrary Detention................................................................................22 Alleged Political Cases .........................................................................................................................23 Alleged Besigye Supporters/People’s Redemption Army (PRA) ....................................24 James.................................................................................................................................................24 Adele and Ezekiel.........................................................................................................................26 Charles Ekemu..............................................................................................................................29 Lawyer Mugisha Kafureeka......................................................................................................30 Dan Mugarura ...............................................................................................................................31 Patrick Mamenero........................................................................................................................32 Alleged Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) followers............................................................34 Rasheed Kawawa..........................................................................................................................34 Congolese Prisoner Isaac Kambesa.......................................................................................34 Martin...............................................................................................................................................36 Mary ..................................................................................................................................................37 Hassan..............................................................................................................................................37 Alleged National Democratic Alliance (NDA) followers...................................................38 Dr. Steven Wilson Mukama .....................................................................................................38 Ibrahim Bullu Lubega.................................................................................................................39 George Kasozi...............................................................................................................................41 Lt. Bukenya Gonzaga and Others ..........................................................................................42 Alleged Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) followers................................................................44 The Gulu Prisoners .....................................................................................................................44 Torture Leads to Castration..........................................................................................................47 Derrick.............................................................................................................................................47 Nicholas Luzinda .........................................................................................................................49 Nonpolitical Cases: “Operation Wembley” .................................................................................50 Christopher Egesa Ochieng .....................................................................................................52 Joseph Kizza Kibaate..................................................................................................................53 Ibrahim Lwere...............................................................................................................................54 Ugandans detained in Ituri, DRC ....................................................................................................56 V. The Conditions for Torture: Safe Houses and Arbitrary Detention..................................59 Unacknowledged And Unauthorized Places Of Detention: Safe Houses ........................59 No Reasonable or Probable Cause ..................................................................................................60 Forty-Eight Hour Law for Charging Detainees Routinely Broken .....................................62 Bail and Habeas Corpus Inaccessible: Shortage of Defense Lawyers.................................63 Lack of Access to Medical Treatment ............................................................................................64 Right of Access to Family Members Denied ...............................................................................65 Use of Confession Evidence .............................................................................................................66 VI. Compounding the Abuse: Prolonged Detention, Courts Martial .....................................67 360-day Detention Before Setting a Date for Trial ...................................................................67 Prolonged Detention Awaiting Trial: As Years Go By… .......................................................68 Civilians Tried in Courts Martial......................................................................................................68 VII. The State Response..........................................................................................................................70 Parliament.................................................................................................................................................70 Uganda Human Rights Commission ..............................................................................................71 Civil Suits for Damages for Torture ...............................................................................................73 Appendix A: Letter from Colonel Noble Mayombo, CMI, to Human Rights Watch, received March 13, 2004 ..........................................................................................................................74 Acknowledgments This report was researched and written by Jemera Rone, Human Rights Watch Africa division, and researched and edited by Julianne Kippenberg, NGO coordinator, Africa division. It was edited by Bronwen Manby, deputy director of the Africa division. Further editing was done by Iain Levine, program director, and legal review was provided by Wilder Tayler, Legal and Policy Director. Contributions were also made by Colin Relihan, associate in the Africa division, Andrea Holley and Fitzroy Hepkins, mail manager, provided production assistance. Human Rights Watch wishes to acknowledge with gratitude the wide support provided in and outside Uganda by members of human rights organizations, including the Human Rights and Peace Center (HURIPEC), Human Rights Focus (HURIFO ) and the Foundation for Human Rights Initiatives (FHRI), former prisoners including Lawyer Mushiga Kafureeka, the donor community including Liu Institute for Global Issues, political activists, members of the bar and of the media, and many Ugandans. 1 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH VOL. 16, NO. 4(A) Glossary of Acronyms
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