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Democratic Republic of the Congo: AET Background Study
InnovationInnovation forfor AgriculturalAgricultural TrainingTraining andand EducationEducation Democratic Republic of the Congo: AET Background Study Ntam Baharanyi, Lila B Karki, Md. Mutaleb Tuskegee University Draft for Comment – Released in September 2014 Acknowledgements This document was written as part of a series of InnovATE background studies. These are studies conducted on the AET system in a particular country, at times with particular attention paid to an AET institution or program. Background studies are based partially on USAID mission interest, partially on the presence of interesting AET activities or problems, and on providing a geographical balance. Most of the initial work on the studies will be done through desktop review of available literature and communication with experts. The remainder of the information is sometimes amassed through data collection visits. Lessons learned in one country can often be applied in other countries. The InnovATE project was made possible by the United States Agency for International Development and the generous support of the American people through USAID Cooperative Agreement No. AID-OAA-L-12- 00002. For more information about the InnovATE project and other publications visit our website at http://www.oired.vt.edu/innovate or join the discussion in our Community of Practice at www.innovate- community.oired.vt.edu. Contact us at [email protected] or call 540-231-6338. Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................... -
Democratic Republic of the Congo: AET Background Study
InnovationInnovation forfor AgriculturalAgricultural TrainingTraining andand EducationEducation Democratic Republic of the Congo: AET Background Study Ntam Baharanyi, Lila B Karki, Md. Mutaleb Tuskegee University Acknowledgements This document was written as part of a series of InnovATE background studies. These are studies conducted on the AET system in a particular country, at times with particular attention paid to an AET institution or program. Background studies are based partially on USAID mission interest, partially on the presence of interesting AET activities or problems, and on providing a geographical balance. Most of the initial work on the studies will be done through desktop review of available literature and communication with experts. The remainder of the information is sometimes amassed through data collection visits. Lessons learned in one country can often be applied in other countries. The InnovATE project was made possible by the United States Agency for International Development and the generous support of the American people through USAID Cooperative Agreement No. AID-OAA-L-12-00002. For more information about the InnovATE project and other publications visit our website at http://www.oired.vt.edu/innovate or join the discussion in our Community of Practice at www.innovate-community.oired.vt.edu. Contact us at [email protected] or call 540-231- 6338. Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. i Acronyms -
Centre-Periphery Relations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1960-2006)
Secessionism versus territorial unity: Centre-periphery relations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1960-2006) by JOHN RENE KAMBA N’KIAMVU submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the subject POLITICS at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF S BOTHA FEBRUARY 2016 SUMMARY The focus in this dissertation is on the rise of secessionism and its curtailment in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Theories pertaining to centre-periphery relations, as well as right- sizing the state, are used for this purpose. Factors such as the DRC’s vast territory and colonial policies affected the centre-periphery relations after independence. The weak ties between the centre and the peripheries were important factors in the attempts at secession that followed independence. In addition, the political and administrative centre (Kinshasa) was too weak to keep the restive peripheries in check. International military intervention, thus, played an important role in defeating attempts at secession. The strategies of President Mobutu in strengthening the centre, as well as the lack of secessionism in the DRC after the collapse of the centre towards the end of Mobutu’s presidency, receive attention. Key words: secession, territory, centre-periphery relations, right-sizing the state, internal colonialism, size of state, ethnicity, nation-building, foreign military intervention, Democratic Republic of Congo. i DECLARATION Name: JOHN RENE KAMBA N’KIAMVU Student number: 47248521 Degree: MA Exact wording of the title of the dissertation as appearing on the copies submitted for examination: Secessionism versus territorial unity: Centre-periphery relations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1960-2006) I declare that the above dissertation is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. -
Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Third Edition
HDCongoPODLITH.qxd 9/28/09 2:27 PM Page 1 KISANGANI & AFRICA HISTORY BOBB HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA, NO. 112 THIRD EDITION One of Africa’s largest, most populated, and generously endowed countries, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has both dominated the surrounding region and been greatly republic democratic affected by it. The Democratic Republic of the Congo has under- of the dictionary historical gone a long period of war, and the outlook for political renewal and economic recovery is bleak. Human security is likely to of the congo of the congo remain a distant dream for many years because of the prevalence of rape and sexual violence, which is considered the worst in the world. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo reviews the nearly 48 years of independ- ence, more than a century of colonial rule, and earlier kingdoms and groups that shared the territory. It contains a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and more than 800 cross- referenced entries on civil wars, mutinies, notable people, historical dictionary of the places, events, and cultural practices. democratic republic Emizet François Kisangani is professor in the Department of Political Science at Kansas State University in Manhattan. of the congo F. Scott Bobb is a journalist who has been reporting on and writing about the Democratic Republic of the Congo since the mid-1970s. He is serving as a Voice of America correspondent in Southern Africa. THIRD EDITION For orders and information please contact the publisher SCARECROW PRESS, INC. A wholly owned subsidiary of EMIZET FRANCOIS¸ KISANGANI The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.