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Exploring the World of Literacy Exploring the World of Literacy The Thirty-Sixth Yearbook: A Doubled Peer-Reviewed; Publication of the Association of Literacy Educators and Researchers Co-Editors Susan Szabo Leslie Haas Texas A&M University-Commerce Dallas Independent School District Sheri Vasinda Oklahoma State University Copyright 2014 Association of Literacy Educators and Researchers Photocopy/reprint Permission Statement: Permission is hereby granted to professors and teachers to reprint or photocopy any article in the Yearbook for use in their classes, provided each copy of the ar- ticle made shows the author and yearbook information sited in APA style. Such copies may not be sold, and further distribution is expressly prohibited. Except as authorized above, prior written permission must be obtained from the Associa- tion of Literacy Educators and Researchers to reproduce or transmit this work or portions thereof in any other form or by another electronic or mechanical means, including any information storage or retrieval system, unless expressly permitted by federal copyright laws. Address inquiries to the Association of Literacy Educa- tors and Researchers (ALER) April Blakely, Eastern Kentucky University and can be reached at [email protected] ISBN: 978-1-883604-01-1 ALER Officers and Elected Board Members Executive Officers 2012-2013 President: Robin Erwin, Niagara University President-Elect: Parker Fawson, Utah Valley University Vice-President: Helen Perkins, University of Memphis Past-President: John A. Smith, University of Texas-Arlington Past-Past President: Mary F. Roe, Arizona State University Executive Secretary: Lois Haid, Barry University Treasurer: David D. Paige, Bellarmine University Elected Board of Directors Tami Al-Hazza, Old Dominion University Mary Applegate, St. Joseph University Diana Baycich, Kent State University Angela M. Ferree, Western Illinois University Julie Kidd, George Mason University Larkin Page, Texas A&M University-Commerce Betty Sturtevant, George Mason University Division Chairs Adult Learning Division - Robin Pate, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi Clini cal Research and Practice Division - Barb Marinak, Mount St. Mary’s University College Literacy Division - Brad Wilcox, Brigham Young University Teacher Education Division - Jeanne Shay Schumm, University of Miami Editors/Co-Editors Literacy Research and Instruction Vicky Zygouris-Coe, University of Central Florida iii iv Exploring the World of Literacy Michelle Kelley, University of Central Florida Sherron Killingsworth Roberts, University of Central Florida Literacy News Larkin Page, Texas A&M University-Commerce Yearbook Susan Szabo, Texas A&M University - Commerce Timothy Morrison, Brigham Young University Linda Martin, Ball State University Leslie Haas, Texas A&M University - Commerce Committee and Commission Chairpersons Conference Coordinator - Mary Beth Allen, East Stroudsburg University Program Chair - Parker Fawson, Utah Valley University Reading Room & Exhibits - Margie Garcia, University of Houston-Clear Lake Elaine Hendrix, University of Houston-Clear Lake Awards - John Smith, University of Texas-Arlington Research - Mary Robbins, Sam Houston State University Ginger Modla, LaSalle University Publications - Sylvia Read, Utah State University Membership - Debra Price, Sam Houston State University Elections - Mary F. Roe, Arizona State University Public Information - Kristine Still (Webmaster), Cleveland State University Marie Holbein, State University of West Georgia Donna Harkins, State University of West Georgia Legislative & Social Issues - JoAnn Dugan, Ohio Department of Youth Services Resolutions & Rules - Mary Beth Sampson, Texas A&M University-Commerce Historian - Ellen Jampole, State University of New York-Cortland Photographer - Ellen Jampole, State University of New York-Cortland Organization Focus Membership – Corinne Valadez, Texas A&M University- Corpus Christi and Stephanie Grote-Garcia, University of Incarnate Word Public Information – Deborah Addison, Schreiner University Webmaster – Sylvia Read, Utah State University Historian - Ellen Jampole, State University of NY - Cortland and Barbara McClanahan, Southeastern Oklahoma State Photographer – Ellen Jampole, State University of NY - Cortland ALER Officers and Elected Board Members v Resolutions & Rules – Kit Mohr, Utah State University Legislative & Social Issues – Carolyn Walker Hitchen, Ball State University and Mary McGriff, New Jersey City University Elections – John Smith, University of Texas-Austin 2013 ALER Conference Personnel Program Chair - Parker Fawson, Utah Valley University Assistant to Program Chair - Kathryn Norman, University of Kentucky Jacob Earnest, Utah Valley University Conference Coordinator - Mary Beth Allen, East Stroudsburg University Local Arrangements - Connie Briggs, Chair, Texas Woman’s University Reading Room & Exhibits - Janet Towell, Florida Atlantic University Barbara McClanahan, Southeastern Oklahoma State University Business Manager - David D. Paige, Bellarmine University Readers’ Forum - Susan L’Allier, Northern Illinois University Tami Al-Hazza, Old Dominion University Janet Towell, Florida Atlantic University Robin Pate, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi 2013 ALER Conference Program Committee Deborah Addison, Schreiner University Juan Araujo, University of North Texas at Dallas Lisa Avrit, Texas A & M University – Commerce Allison L. Baer, The University of Findlay Estanislado S. Barrera, Louisiana State University Kathryn L. Bauserman, Indiana State University Dianna Baycich, Kent State University April Blakely, Eastern Kentucky University Deborah E. Bordelon, Governors State University Osen Felton Bowser, The Community College of Baltimore County Connie Briggs, Texas Woman’s University MaryAnne Chiarelli, Texas A & M University-Commerce Michelle Ciminelli, Niagara University Sarah Clark, Utah State University Vicki S. Collet, University of Arkansas Nedra Cossa, George Mason University Nancy DeFrance, Grand Valley State University Laurie Elish-Piper, Northern Illinois University Tammy Francis Donaldson, Del Mar College vi Exploring the World of Literacy David Downing, Texas A & M University-Commerce Carol Fetters, Lamar University Charlene Fleener, Old Dominion University Margie Garcia, University of Houston-Clear Lake Lizabeth Garza-Garcia, Texas A & M University-Commerce Amber Joyce Godwin, Texas A & M University Leslie Haas, Dallas Christian College Donna M. Harkins, University of West Georgia Cindy Hendricks, Bowling Green State University Elaine Hendrix, University of Houston - Clear Lake Carolyn Walker Hitchens, Ball State University Kay Hong-Nam, Texas A & M University-Commerce Elizabeth M. Hughes, Duquesne University Yuko Iwai, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse Robin D. Johnson, Stephen F. Austin State University Torri Jones, Texas A & M University–Commerce Julie Kidd, George Mason University Karen K. Kindle, University of South Dakota Linda K. Lilienthal, University of Nebraska Kearney Wayne M. Linek, Texas A & M University-Commerce Angie Madden, Eastern Kentucky University Theresa Magpuri-Lavell, Bellarmine University Michael Manderino, Northern Illinois University Michael A. Martin, Eastern Kentucky University Susan Martin, Texas A & M University –Commerce DiAnn McDown, University of Central Oklahoma Mary McGriff, New Jersey City University Barbara McClanahan, Southeastern Oklahoma State University- McCurtain County Campus Tim Morrison, Brigham Young University Linda Pacifici, Appalachian State University Larkin Page, Texas A & M University - Commerce Seth Parsons, George Mason University Mary Paxton, Shippensburg University John M. Ponder, University of West Georgia Jalene Potter, Sam Houston State University Debbie Price, Sam Houston State University Barbara Purdum-Cassidy, Baylor University Ronald S. Reigner, University of West Georgia ALER Officers and Elected Board Members vii Jakraphan Riamliw, University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Robert J. Rickelman, University of North Carolina, Charlotte Sherron Killingsworth Roberts, University of Central Florida Tamara Lynn Robison, Texas A & M University-Commerce Mary F. Roe, Arizona State University Brenda Rosler, Ashland University Frances Shapiro-Skrobe, Ramapo College of New Jersey Ann C. Sharp, Utah Valley University John A. Smith, UT Arlington Wendy Smith, Texas A & M University-Commerce Alice F. Snyder, Kennesaw State University Lina Soares, Georgia Southern University Divona Stebick, Gettysburg College A. Gillian Stewart-Wells, Judson University Denise H. Stuart, The University of Akron Carolyn Stufft, Stephen F. Austin State University Jeanne Sutton, Texas A & M University -Commerce Mary Swanson, Northeastern State University Susan Szabo, Texas A & M University-Commerce Terri J. Tharp, Middle Tennessee State University Kim Tunnell, Texas A & M University-Commerce Sheri Vasinda, Oklahoma State University Maria Rivera Vazquez, Texas A & M University-Commerce Wolfram Verlaan, University of Alabama in Huntsville Maria Viera-Williams, Texas A & M University-Commerce Jacqueline Watt, Texas A & M University-Commerce Patricia Whitney, Eastern New Mexico University Christine Wiggins, University of Utah Brad Wilcox, Brigham Young University Jeanine L. Williams, The Community College of Baltimore County Susan Williams, Texas A & M University-Commerce Future Conference Sites t 2014 DelRay Beach, Florida, at the Delray Beach Marriott t 2015 Costa Mesa, California, at the Hilton Orange County t 2016 Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, at the Embassy suites at Kingston Plantation
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