DOCSLIB.ORG

Effect of Rice Hull Mulch on Nutrient Concentration of Fertilized Irrigation Water

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effect of Rice Hull Mulch on Nutrient Concentration of Fertilized Irrigation Water HORTSCIENCE 52(9):1288–1292. 2017. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI12122-17 Krause, 2014), a similar concern of N immo- bilization was voiced by nursery growers (J. Altland, personal observations, unpublished). Effect of Rice Hull Mulch on Nutrient In a review of mulch use in urban landscapes, Chalker-Scott (2007) explained that high Concentration of Fertilized carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) is incorrectly assumed by many practitioners to immobilize Irrigation Water fertilizer N and thus deprive plants of suffi- cient nutrients. Chalker-Scott (2007) goes on James E. Altland1 to assert that mulches do not affect nutrition USDA-ARS, Application Technology Research Unit, 27 Horticultural Insects of landscape plants. There are numerous Research Lab., 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 experiments in field soils that support this assertion and show mulches do not adversely Jennifer K. Boldt affect nutrient uptake of field-grown crops USDA-ARS, Application Technology Research Unit, Greenhouse Production (Broschat, 2007; Ram et al., 2003; Trinka and Pritts, 1992). However, this generalization Research Group, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Mail Stop 604, Toledo, OH 43606 about interactions between mulch and fertil- Additional index words. nitrate, phosphate, potassium, sunflower, plant nutrition izer in field crops might not be applicable to container crops. Altland and Lanthier (2007) Abstract. Parboiled rice hulls (PBH) have been shown to be an effective mulch for weed reported that container-grown hydrangea control in container crops. As with other mulch products, there is concern that PBH [Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. mulch would interfere with nutrient delivery to the crop. The objective of this research ‘Fasan’] with controlled release fertilizer was to determine the effect of PBH mulch on nutrient concentration of fertilized (CRF) placed below the mulch were larger irrigation water as it passes through the mulch layer, and the subsequent effect on growth and had higher foliar N concentration com- and nutrition of container-grown sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Parboiled rice hull pared with those with CRF placed above the mulch was placed in Buchner funnels at a depth of 0, 0.63, 1.25, or 2.50 cm. Irrigation was mulch. The implication was that N from CRF applied with a water-soluble fertilizer (20N–4.4P–16.6K) injected at a concentration of placed above the mulch was partially immo- L 100 mg·L 1 N. Filtrates were collected after passing through the PBH in the Buchner bilized by the mulch layer. Likewise, Glenn funnels and analyzed for nutrient concentration. In a separate study, sunflower in no. 3 et al. (2000) showed that recycled paper containers were mulched with the same depths of PBH and irrigated with water fertilized mulch reduced petunia (Petunia floribunda similar to that in the funnel experiment. Parboiled rice hull mulch caused a temporary Hort. ‘Midnight Madness’ and P. grandiflora L + + and slight decrease in NO3 and NH4 concentration. Phosphate and K concentrations Hort. ‘Ultra Blue’) growth and leachate N generally increased with each irrigation event. Calcium and Mg exhibited an inverse when CRF was placed above the mulch layer. relationship where the PBH mulch decreased Ca and increased Mg concentrations in the The objective of this research was to de- filtrates. Despite these measured differences in the chemical properties of water passing termine specifically how PBH mulch affects through the mulch layer, there were no measurable differences in sunflower growth or the nutrient concentration of irrigation water physical appearance, and only minor and inconsequential differences in plant nutrient passing through the mulch layer, and sub- status. Rice hull mulches are likely to have very minor effects on container crop nutrition sequently how this affects substrate and plant with no adverse effect on plant growth over a 6 week production cycle as used in this nutrition. experiment. Materials and Methods Numerous mulch products have been silicicola (Small) E. Murray] and southern Direct measurement of filtrates. Two- evaluated for use in container crops. Pine magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.) provided piece, PVC Buchner funnels (13.1 cm i.d., bark nuggets have been shown to provide control of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus ret- 6.6 cm tall, Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) effective control of mulberry weed [Fatoua roflexus L.) and large crabgrass [Digitaria were randomly assigned to receive PBH villosa (Thunb.) Nakai] (Penny and Neal, sanguinalis (L.) Scop.]. (Riceland Foods, Inc., Stuttgart, AK) at 2003), prostrate spurge (Chamaesyce macu- Parboiled rice hulls have been shown to a depth of 0, 0.63, 1.25, or 2.50 cm. It was lata L.), eclipta (Eclipta alba L. Hassk) provide excellent control of flexuous bittercr- established that 2.5 cm depth of PBH (Cochran et al., 2009), bittercress (Card- ess (Cardamine flexuosa With.), liverwort weighed 44 g so that replicate funnels could amine spp.), and oxalis (Oxalis stricta L.) (Marchantia polymorpha L.) (Altland and be uniformly mulched by weighing 0, 11, 22, (Richardson et al., 2008). In each of the Krause, 2014), and creeping woodsorrel or 44 g of PBH for the 0, 0.63, 1.25, or 2.50 aforementioned studies, weed control was (Oxalis corniculata L.) (Altland et al., cm treatments, respectively. Funnels were shown to improve with increasing depth of 2016a). Parboiled rice hulls prevent establish- placed on a greenhouse bench equipped with pine bark mulch. Wilen et al. (1999) showed ment of new weed seed by drying quickly an overhead irrigation system and fixed that composted greenwaste, pecan [Carya following irrigation, resulting in insufficient pattern nozzles (Rain Bird 5H; Rain Bird illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] shells, moisture to support germination and estab- Corp., Azusa, CA). Funnels received over- and pine (Pinus taeda L.) bark at a depth of lishment of new weeds. Parboiled rice hulls head irrigation consisting of city tap water 2.5 cm provided excellent control of creeping are less effective in preventing germination injected (D14MZ2; Dosatron International woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata L.), northern of weed seed preexisting on the substrate Inc., Clearwater, FL) with a commercial willow herb (Epilobium ciliatum Raf.), and surface before mulch application. To prevent complete fertilizer with micronutrients common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.), but germination and establishment of preexisting (Jack’s 20N–4.4P–16.6K–0.15Mg–0.02B– only moderate to poor control of annual blue- weed seed, a sufficient mass must cover the 0.01Cu–0.1Fe–0.05Mn–0.01Mo–0.05Zn; JR grass (Poa annua L.). Ferguson et al. (2008) substrate surface to physically impede ger- Peters, Inc., Allentown, PA) at a concentra- showed that a 3.7 cm layer of wood chip mination (>500 g·m–2 or a depth of 1.25 cm) tion of 100 mg·L–1 N. Each funnel was placed mulches from southern redcedar [Juniperus (Altland et al., 2016). over a 400 mL glass jar (Fisher Scientific) so A common concern about organic that the fertilized irrigation water passing Received for publication 17 May 2017. Accepted mulches is that they impose nitrogen (N) through the mulch layer would collect in for publication 11 July 2017. deficiency on crops they surround. After the jar beneath, and furthermore, only water 1Corresponding author. E-mail: James.Altland@ initial reports on the utility of PBH for weed passing through the funnel (and no other ARS.USDA.GOV. control in container crops (Altland and extraneous irrigation water) would enter into 1288 HORTSCIENCE VOL. 52(9) SEPTEMBER 2017 the jar. The irrigation system was run for (N) was determined by measuring 2.5 mg Reverse osmosis (RO) water was added to 10 min per day, resulting in an application of of dry tissue into tin capsules (Costech the point of saturation. The substrate slurry 1.3 cm of water. About 30 min after Analytical, Valencia, CA) and analyzing was allowed to come to equilibrium for 24 h. irrigation ceased, the fertilized irrigation with a CHNS/O Perkin Elmer Elementar Afterward, the liquid phase of the slurry was water that filtered through the mulch was Analyzer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA). extracted by pouring over a PVC Buchner collected from the jars beneath each funnel. Other macronutrients and micronutrients funnel (13.1 cm i.d., 6.6 cm tall, Thermo Samples were filtered through GF/F binder- were determined by first processing sam- Fisher Scientific) fitted with a fiberglass free borosilicate glass fiber filter paper ples with microwave digestion (MARS 6; filter paper (G6, Thermo Fisher Scientific). (Whatman Ltd., Kent, UK) to remove parti- CEM Corp., Matthews, NC), then injection in The Buchner funnels were attached to an cles greater than 0.7 mm. The filtrate was an optical emission spectrometer (iCAP 6300 erlenmeyer flask and placed under vacuum poured into 5 mL autosampler vials, capped, Duo). The elemental content of PBH was also to facilitate extraction of the water from the and analyzed using ion chromatography (ICS determined by subjecting five unused samples substrate and through the filter paper. Solu- 1600 Ion Chromatography System; Dionex, to the same preparation and analyses as the tion pH was determined with a pH/ion Bannockburn, IL) for concentrations of ni- sunflower tissue samples. analyzer (MA 235; Metler Toledo, Colum- – + trate (NO3 ), ammonium (NH4 ), phosphate Immediately after leaf tissue harvests, bus, OH) and EC with a conductivity meter 3– (PO4 ), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), mag- shoot dry weight (SDW) was determined by (Fisher 06-662-61, Thermo Fisher Scien- 2– nesium (Mg), and sulfate (SO4 ). There were removing the aboveground portion of the tific). Samples were subsequently filtered six replications per mulch depth arranged on plant, oven drying at 55 °C for 3 d, and through GF/F binder-free borosilicate glass a single bench in a completely randomized weighing. Substrates were analyzed for pH, fiber filter paper (Whatman Ltd.) to remove design. Samples were collected daily for nine electrical conductivity (EC), and water ex- particles greater than 0.7 mm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Biomass Power Development for the Philippines
    1 BIOMASS POWER DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PHILIPPINES Virginia W.H. Fung, M.A., Director, Global Green-Life Institute, 7/F International Building, 501 – 501 Castle Peak Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Tel. +852 2310 1951, Fax +852 2310 1955 email: [email protected] B. M. Jenkins, Professor, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5294 Tel. 530 752 1422, Fax 530 752 2640, email [email protected] ABSTRACT. The Philippines has abundant supplies of biomass resources, offering much potential for energy generation particularly from rice hulls and municipal solid waste. At present, the amount of usable power and other usable energy forms being produced from biomass is very small relative to the biomass resources available for this use. Biomass-to- energy projects, if developed and managed properly can create sustainable enterprises, protect the environment, and reduce poverty and improve the quality of life for the rural poor. An integrated project has been conducted to assess technological readiness, financing, capacity building, and Philippine national policy affecting biomass power development at selected sites. Key accomplishments include: (1) the creation of enabling policies and a favorable institutional environment for sustainable biomass resource use and development. (2) The development of a replicable training model to educate, build local capacity, create incentives, and structure the rural communities’ own biomass projects. (3) The identification and selection of a rice mill that has established a strong collaboration and agreements with its community, local, regional, and national government and power distributors, technology suppliers, system developers, operators, local industries for maintenance and repair, transportation and other infrastructural activities, biomass fuel suppliers, and generators, and local and international research and development institutions, financiers, and others.
    [Show full text]
  • Utilization of Rice Husks Into Biochar and Nanosilica: for Clean Energy, Soil Fertility and Green Nanotechnology International
    International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics Vol. 15, No. 1, February, 2020, pp. 97-102 Journal homepage: http://iieta.org/journals/ijdne Utilization of Rice Husks into Biochar and Nanosilica: For Clean Energy, Soil Fertility and Green Nanotechnology Marilou M. Sarong1,4*, Ricardo F. Orge2, Paul Jhon G. Eugenio3, Juvy J. Monserate3,4 1 Department of Soil Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 2 Rice Engineering and Mechanization Division (REMD), Philippine Rice Research Institute – Central Experimental Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 3 Department of Chemistry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 4 Nanotechnology R & D Facility, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.150113 ABSTRACT Received: 31 May 2019 Rice husks are often dumped and burned in the field that emits greenhouse gases. Through Accepted: 18 February 2020 green nanotechnology, developing these materials into diverse applications will not only create an avenue for new ideas and innovations but also beneficial to the environment. Thus, Keywords: this study aimed to utilize rice husks in an eco-friendly way. Rice husks were converted into rice husks biochar, nanochar, green rice husk biochar (RHB) through continuous-type rice husk pyrolizer (CtRHP) which produces two important products: heat energy and biochar. High grade RHB was used as an nanotechnology, SiO2 amendment for degraded acid upland soil (Annam series) grown with corn. Plant height and biomass, and total N uptake, increased linearly with increasing rates of RHB levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Assessment of Rice Bran Oil Production: a Case Study in China
    Life Cycle Assessment of Rice Bran Oil Production: A Case Study in China Lihui Sun ( [email protected] ) Dalian University of Technology Yuying Wang Dalian University of Technology Yuqing Gong Dalian University of Technology Research Article Keywords: Rice bran, Rice bran oil, Cleaner production, Life cycle assessment, Environmental impact Posted Date: April 26th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-423605/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/22 Abstract Environmental problems caused by the food processing industry have always been one of the concerns for the public. Herein, for the rst time, a gate-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was employed to evaluate the environmental impact of rice bran oil production. Four subsystems namely transportation of the raw rice bran to oil factory, crude oil extraction, oil rening as well as oil storage were established. The product sustainability software GaBi and the method CML 2001-Jan. 2016 were used to calculate and analyze the environmental burdens at each stage of the rice bran oil production chain. The results show the oil rening stage had the greatest environmental impact, followed by the oil extraction stage. High demands for coal and electricity, make a critical difference in generating vast majority of environmental impacts. Modifying the electricity source and replacing traditional fuels with cleaner ones will do bring benets to the sustainable development of the industry. 1. Introduction The agri-food industry occupies an important position in the economy and society. Along with agricultural production, massive amounts of agricultural by-products are produced each year, some of which are used as animal feed or rejected as waste, leading to a great loss of natural nutrients as well as environmental pollution (Ben-Othman et al., 2020; Kalhor and Ghandi, 2019; Lai et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2019).
    [Show full text]
  • FEASIBILITY of INSTALLATING RICE HUSK POWER PLANT in CHHATTISGARH to MEET SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEMANDS Ritesh Pandey *, Santosh K
    International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies E-ISSN2249–8974 Research Paper FEASIBILITY OF INSTALLATING RICE HUSK POWER PLANT IN CHHATTISGARH TO MEET SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEMANDS Ritesh Pandey *, Santosh K. Sar*, Ashish Kumar Bhui** Address for Correspondence * Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg, CG, India ** Department of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Bhilai, CG, India ABSTRACT The rising cost of fuel oil compelled the industry to search for alternative fuels, and biomass in general and rice husks in particular were considered a suitable candidate, given their low price some 15 years ago Chhattisgarh state being called as the bowl of rice has a very good option of rice husk to use as a fuel for power plants which incidentally is becoming a one of the major energy sources from the agro-industrial sector. Rice husk is considered to be an environmentally friendly fuel because it can mitigate CO 2 SO 2 and NO x emissions when compared with conventional fuel. Rice is cultivated in most part of the Chhattisgarh state which accounts for an appreciably high percentage by weight of rice it comes from rice milling process as a by-product. As compared to rest parts of India approximately 20 million tones of paddy is produced in India. This gives around 24 million tones of rice husk and 4.4 milion tones of Rice Husk Ash every year. Major three uses of Rice Husk Ash are in the steel, cement and refractory bricks industry. Generally, a large amount of rice husk is dumped as waste which results in waste disposal problem and methane emission on decomposition.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Feeds for Beef Cattle FSA3047
    Agriculture and Natural Resources FSA3047 Alternative Feeds for Beef Cattle Shane Gadberry Supplemental feed can be a major Supplementation Basics Professor - cost incurred to maintain beef cattle. Ruminant Nutrition Corn, grain sorghum or milo, cotton- Energy seed meal and soybean meal were traditionally used to provide supple- Total digestible nutrients make mental energy (TDN, total digestible up the majority of cattle diets. The nutrients) and protein (CP) needed by exact TDN value of a diet is difficult cattle consuming forage diets. Cattle to obtain because (1) TDN content of producers today, however, rely on an purchased feed is not displayed on abundance of alternative or byproduct feed labels, (2) TDN content derived (co-product) feeds to supplement their from a forage or feed analysis is cattle. These feeds will be described usually estimated from a prediction as alternative feeds throughout this equation, (3) TDN values for many publication. feeds change as the amount in the diet changes, especially when forage Alternative feeds may provide nutri- is replaced with alternative feeds, ents needed by cattle at a lower cost and (4) variation within the nutrient than traditional feeds. In fact, many composition of a feedstuff, as well of the locally sourced cattle supple- as how the feedstuff was stored and ments today are simple commodity processed, can affect its TDN. Cattle blends of 3 to 5 feeds. The price of producers can do little about most of these feeds is usually based on the the factors mentioned. However, cattle price of corn and a protein meal (such producers have the opportunity to as soybean meal), supply and demand have ingredients tested for nutrient and how far the feed will be trucked composition, which can be used to from its origin to its destination.
    [Show full text]
  • The Production of Low-Cost Solar Grade Silicon from Rice Husk
    The production of low-cost solar grade silicon from rice husk. ORHOLOR, Ayomanor Benedict. Available from the Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/23502/ A Sheffield Hallam University thesis This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Please visit http://shura.shu.ac.uk/23502/ and http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html for further details about copyright and re-use permissions. SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY ADSETTS LEARNING CENTRE CITY CAMPUS, SHEFFIELD S1 1WB 102 114 787 7 ProQuest Number: 10760399 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10760399 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 The Production of Low-Cost Solar Grade Silicon from Rice Husk Ayomanor Benedict Orholor A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Sheffield Hallam University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 2017 Declaration I hereby declare that the work described in this thesis is my own work, done by me and has not been submitted for any other degree anywhere.
    [Show full text]
  • Unprocessed Rice Husk Ash As a Partial Replacement of Cement for Low-Cost Concrete
    Unprocessed Rice Husk Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement for Low-Cost Concrete by Dorothy Kamilah Brown B.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2010) Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2012 @ 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved Signature of Author......................../ . ........... ......... .............. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering August 10, 201 Certified by ........................................................ -- John A. Ochse~dorf Associate Professor of Building Technology and Civil and Environmental Engineering Thesis Supervisor A Read by........................................................................ Linn W. Hobbs Professor of Material Science and Nuclear Science and Engineering 1A hesis Reader A cce pte d by . ..... ....................... ........ ................... .... .. .. CaHeidi M. Nepf Chair, Departmental Committee for Graduate Students Unprocessed Rice Husk Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement for Low-Cost Concrete by Dorothy Kamilah Brown Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering on August 10, 2012, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering Abstract Cement is a very valuable commodity as it can be used to construct structurally sound buildings and infrastructure. However, in many developing countries cement is expensive due to the unavailability of local resources to produce enough cement in-country to meet the demand for this material, and therefore it has to be imported. In rice-producing countries rice husk ash-a material naturally high in silica-can be used as a supplementary cementitious material and can substitute a portion of Portland cement in concrete without sacrificing the compressive strength.
    [Show full text]
  • The Best Hydroponic Medium You Have Never Heard Of
    The best hydroponic medium you have never heard of One of the most important choices in a soilless crop is the medium. Ideally, the media in a hydroponic crop should provide no nutrition but just act as support material for the plant. However, common media choices, such as coco coir and peat moss, are far from inert and their usage requires special modifications to the nutrient solutions in order to account for their specific chemical properties. In this post, I am going to talk about a great hydroponic medium choice that is fairly common in South American countries but rarely used in the United States or Canada. Rice hulls, a key component of my favorite medium for soilless culture Issues with existing media The most commonly used hydroponic media types in the US are perlite, peat moss, coco coir, and rockwool. Peat moss tends to have higher than desirable water retention and acidifies strongly through time. For this reason, it is usually amended with perlite – to increase aeration – and with dolomite/limestone in order to buffer the constant increase in pH within the root zone. To maximize its potential, you need to account for these amendments and the natural evolution of peat moss through time in your nutrient solution or you will tend to have calcium, magnesium, and nitrogen uptake issues. All of which are commonly observed by peat moss growers. Coco coir has other problems. It contains large amounts of chloride, sodium and potassium. It also decomposes through time and, in doing so, exposes cation exchange sites that strongly bind elements like calcium, magnesium and manganese.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Properties of Biochar Materials Manufactured from Agricultural Products Common to the Southeast United States
    advantages and disadvantages, re- Chemical Properties of Biochar Materials searchers worldwide are working on Manufactured from Agricultural Products optimizing and evaluating biomass conversion processes to improve Common to the Southeast United States quality and performance of biomass- based production of fuels, chemicals, 1,5 2 3 and biochar. Specific and unique Michael R. Evans , Brian E. Jackson , Michael Popp , properties of each biochar product and Sammy Sadaka4 depended on the properties of the original feedstock material (Altland, 2014) and method of production ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, employed (Spokas et al., 2012). It growing media, pH, substrates has been reported that the higher SUMMARY. The use of biochar as a soil amendment has fostered much attention in the temperature, the smaller and recent years due to its potential of improving the chemical, physical, and biological more porous the resulting biochar properties of agricultural soils and/or soilless substrates. The objective of this study particles became (Kloss et al., 2012). was to evaluate the chemical properties of feedstocks, common in the southeast These smaller particles tended to United States, and their resulting biochar products (after being torrefied) and have proportionally more surface area determine if the chemical properties were within suitable ranges for growers to use (Shackley et al., 2013) which had the biochar products as root substrate components. Poultry litter biochar produced ° benefits such as
    [Show full text]
  • (I) Siting of Rice Shellers/Mills, (Ii) Handling and Storage of Rice Husk
    Comprehensive Industry Document Series: COINDS/82/2012-13 “Guidelines for (i) Siting of rice shellers/mills; (ii) handling and storage of rice husk and (iii) handling, storage and disposal of ash generated in boiler using rice husk as fuel” CENTRAL POLLUTIO N CONTROL BOARD MINISTRY OF ENVIRO NMENT & FORESTS Website: www.cpcb.nic.in FOREWORD Rice Processing mills are located in paddy producing regions spread over various States in India; like Assam, Punjab, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Rice processing mills have adopted a blend of conventional meth- ods and modern technology. Presently, two types of processing are in practice one-Raw Rice Processing (Rice Shellers) and other-Parboiled Rice Processing. Raw Rice or White Rice is the one obtained from untreated paddy, while the parboiled rice is obtained by milling the pretreated paddy. Pre-treatment is given to paddy to improve nutritional and cooking qualities of rice. Rice Milling is a polluting industry. It discharges process waste water, particulate matter and solid waste. Rice husk is the largest by-product of rice milling industry which amounts to approximately 22-24 percent of the total paddy. The Rice Husk is used as a fuel to generate steam through boilers/furnaces resulting into Rice Husk Ash which needs to be disposed properly. For every 1000 kgs of paddy milled, about 220-240 kgs of husk is produced, and when this husk is burnt in the boilers, about 55-60 kgs (25%) of Rice Husk Ash is generated. Considering the problem in handling of Rice Husk and Rice husk ash, Central pollution Control Board entrusted a project on Framing the Guidelines for (i) Siting of Rice Shellers/Mills; ii) Handling and Storage of Rice Husk and (iii) Handling, Storage and Disposal of Ash Generated in Boiler using Rice Husk as Fuel to the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).
    [Show full text]
  • Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Rice Bran with Adsorption on Rice Hull
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2005 Supercritical fluid extraction of rice bran with adsorption on rice hull ash Paresh Manilal Patel Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Engineering Science and Materials Commons Recommended Citation Patel, Paresh Manilal, "Supercritical fluid extraction of rice bran with adsorption on rice hull ash" (2005). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 129. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/129 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF RICE BRAN WITH ADSORPTION ON RICE HULL ASH A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In The Interdepartmental Program in Engineering By Paresh Manilal Patel B.S., Gujarat Agricultural University, 1988 M.S., Gujarat Agricultural University, 1997 December, 2005 This dissertation is dedicated to Varsha Patel and Nisarg Patel for their endurance, inspiration, encouragement, understanding and sacrifices during the completion of this project. ii Acknowledgements I express my sincere appreciation and gratitude to my major professor Dr. Terry H. Walker, Associate Professor and Adjunct Faculty, Biological and Agricultural Engineering (BAE) Department for his guidance, advice, insight, availability and support from the beginning of my program to the completion of this dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of Human Operated Rice Dehusking Machine
    International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 113– 119 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ An Overview of Human Operated Rice Dehusking Machine Siddhesh J. Yerpude. Dr. Sharad S. Chaudhari M. Sohail Pervez Department of Mechanical Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Department of Mechanical Engineering. YeshwantraoChavan College of YeshwantraoChavan College of AnjumanCollege of Engineering and Engineering. Engineering. Technology. Nagpur, MH, India. Nagpur, MH, India. Nagpur, MH, India. [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract- This paper discuss the innovations that took place in dehusking machines from the earliest times to the present and its future scope. The advantages and limitations of all mechanisms and their analysis are discussed in detail. This paper also comprises detail information aboutthe process carried out during rice dehusking and how the paddy or raw rice has to pass through different processes so as to obtain white polish rice. Keywords: Dehusking, husk, bran, manual operated rice mill, dal mill. ________________________________________________________*****_______________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION rice is the individual rice kernels that are in their natural, unprocessed state. Sometimes referred to as rough rice, it is Rice is one of the most important grain in India. It is the harvested directly from rice fields or paddies and transported staple food of the people in the eastern and southern parts of to a processing site. the country. India is one of the world’s largest producer of white and brown rice and produces 20% of the world rice The last step is Milling or Dehusking i.e. removing of outer production.
    [Show full text]