Implementation and Status of Biological Control of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid
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Nuisance Insects and Climate Change
www.defra.gov.uk Nuisance Insects and Climate Change March 2009 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Tel: 020 7238 6000 Website: www.defra.gov.uk © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO 2007 This publication is value added. If you wish to re-use this material, please apply for a Click-Use Licence for value added material at http://www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/value-added-licence- information/index.htm. Alternatively applications can be sent to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ; Fax: +44 (0)1603 723000; email: [email protected] Information about this publication and further copies are available from: Local Environment Protection Defra Nobel House Area 2A 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Email: [email protected] This document is also available on the Defra website and has been prepared by Centre of Ecology and Hydrology. Published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2 An Investigation into the Potential for New and Existing Species of Insect with the Potential to Cause Statutory Nuisance to Occur in the UK as a Result of Current and Predicted Climate Change Roy, H.E.1, Beckmann, B.C.1, Comont, R.F.1, Hails, R.S.1, Harrington, R.2, Medlock, J.3, Purse, B.1, Shortall, C.R.2 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, 2Rothamsted Research, 3Health Protection Agency March 2009 3 Contents Summary 5 1.0 Background 6 1.1 Consortium to perform the work 7 1.2 Objectives 7 2.0 -
Green-Tree Retention and Controlled Burning in Restoration and Conservation of Beetle Diversity in Boreal Forests
Dissertationes Forestales 21 Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Esko Hyvärinen Faculty of Forestry University of Joensuu Academic dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu, for public criticism in auditorium C2 of the University of Joensuu, Yliopistonkatu 4, Joensuu, on 9th June 2006, at 12 o’clock noon. 2 Title: Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Author: Esko Hyvärinen Dissertationes Forestales 21 Supervisors: Prof. Jari Kouki, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Docent Petri Martikainen, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Pre-examiners: Docent Jyrki Muona, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Docent Tomas Roslin, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Population Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Prof. Bengt Gunnar Jonsson, Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden ISSN 1795-7389 ISBN-13: 978-951-651-130-9 (PDF) ISBN-10: 951-651-130-9 (PDF) Paper copy printed: Joensuun yliopistopaino, 2006 Publishers: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Finnish Forest Research Institute Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu Editorial Office: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Unioninkatu 40A, 00170 Helsinki, Finland http://www.metla.fi/dissertationes 3 Hyvärinen, Esko 2006. Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests. University of Joensuu, Faculty of Forestry. ABSTRACT The main aim of this thesis was to demonstrate the effects of green-tree retention and controlled burning on beetles (Coleoptera) in order to provide information applicable to the restoration and conservation of beetle species diversity in boreal forests. -
(Eucallipterus Tiliae L.) on the LEAVES of STREET TREES
Proceedings of ECOpole Vol. 5, No. 1 2011 Aneta H. BACZEWSKA 1, Wojciech DMUCHOWSKI 1,2 , Dariusz GOZDOWSKI 2 Monika STYCZEK 2 and Paulina BR ĄGOSZEWSKA 1 INFLUENCE OF SALINE STRESS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF LIME APHID ( Eucallipterus tiliae L.) ON THE LEAVES OF STREET TREES - CRIMEAN LINDEN WPŁYW STRESU SOLNEGO NA LICZEBNO ŚĆ MSZYC ( Eucallipterus tiliae L.) NA LI ŚCIACH DRZEW ULICZNYCH TILIA ‘EUCHLORA’ Abstract: This publication presents the influence of soil salinity on the abundance of aphids on the leaves of street trees in cities. The objects of research were trees of Crimean Linden ( Tilia ‘Euchlora ’) planted at Zwirki and Wigury Street in Warsaw. The research included the evaluation of the trees’ condition, the counting of the number of Lime Aphid ( Eucallipterus tiliae L.), as well as the determination of chlorine and nitrogen content in the leaves. The research revealed a statistically significant influence of chlorine content in the leaves on the deterioration of their condition. The increased content of chlorine in the leaves was accompanied by a decrease in the number of aphids. This relationship was statistically significant. No nitrogen deficiency in the leaves was detected. No statistically relevant relationship between the nitrogen content and the condition of the trees was observed. There was a weak negative correlation which, however, was statistically insignificant. Using the regression function it was determined that the increase in chlorine content in leaves by 1% (from 1.0 to 2%) resulted in a decrease in the abundance of aphids by 49%. What is more, a statistically significant (p = 0.032) influence of nitrogen content on the abundance of aphids was proved. -
Emergence of Laricobius Nigrinus (Fender) (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) in the North Georgia Mountains1
Emergence of Laricobius nigrinus (Fender) (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) in the North Georgia Mountains1 C.E. Jones2, J.L. Hanula3, and S. K. Braman4 Dept. of Entomology, University of Georgia, 41 3 Biological Sciences Building, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA J. Entomol. Sci. 49(4): 401-412 (October 2014} Abstract Hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae An nand, is currently found throughout most of the range of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L. ) Carriere. Biological control agents have been released in attempts to control this pest, but how different climates influence the efficacy and survival of these agents has not been studied. One predatory beetle of A. tsugae, Laricobius nigrinus Fender, is native to the Pacific Northwest and, therefore, experiences a much different summer climate in the north Georgia mountains. To better understand survival of this predator as it aestivates in the soil, 5 mesh cages were set up at each of 16 sites with 4 sites located at an elevation below 549 m, 4 sites between 549 m - 732 m, 5 sites between 732 m - 914 m, and 3 sites over 914 m. At each site 30 larvae were placed inside one of the cages during March, April, or May on a bouquet of adelgid infested hemlock twigs, and emergence of adults was monitored in the fall . Of the 1440 larvae placed at the 16 sites, only 4 adult beetles emerged between 06 October 2012 and 05 November 2012. The overall success rate remains unknown, and more research is needed to assess the efficacy of L. nigrinus as a biological control agent in Georgia. -
Assessment of Factors Affecting Establishment of Biological Control Agents of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid on Eastern Hemlock in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2013 Assessment of Factors Affecting Establishment of Biological Control Agents of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid on Eastern Hemlock in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Abdul Hakeem [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Hakeem, Abdul, "Assessment of Factors Affecting Establishment of Biological Control Agents of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid on Eastern Hemlock in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1729 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Abdul Hakeem entitled "Assessment of Factors Affecting Establishment of Biological Control Agents of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid on Eastern Hemlock in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Plants, Soils, and Insects. -
Behavioral Ecology and Genetics of Potential Natural Enemies of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Arielle Arsenault University of Vermont
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2013 Behavioral Ecology and Genetics of Potential Natural Enemies of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Arielle Arsenault University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Recommended Citation Arsenault, Arielle, "Behavioral Ecology and Genetics of Potential Natural Enemies of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid" (2013). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 10. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/10 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND GENETICS OF POTENTIAL NATURAL ENEMIES OF HEMLOCK WOOLLY ADELGID A Thesis Presented by Arielle L. Arsenault to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Natural Resources October, 2013 Accepted by the Faculty of the Graduate College, The University of Vermont, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, specializing in Natural Resources. Thesis Examination Committee: ____________________________________________Advisor Kimberly F. Wallin, Ph.D. ___________________________________________ Jon D. Erickson, Ph.D. ____________________________________________Chairperson Lori Stevens, Ph.D ____________________________________________Dean, Graduate College Dominico Grasso, Ph.D. June 26, 2013 ABSTRACT Eastern and Carolina hemlock in the eastern United States are experiencing high mortality due to the invasive non-native hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). The most promising means of control of HWA is the importation of natural enemies from the native range of HWA for classical biological control. -
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States September 1993 OTA-F-565 NTIS order #PB94-107679 GPO stock #052-003-01347-9 Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States, OTA-F-565 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1993). For Sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office ii Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop, SSOP. Washington, DC 20402-9328 ISBN O-1 6-042075-X Foreword on-indigenous species (NIS)-----those species found beyond their natural ranges—are part and parcel of the U.S. landscape. Many are highly beneficial. Almost all U.S. crops and domesticated animals, many sport fish and aquiculture species, numerous horticultural plants, and most biologicalN control organisms have origins outside the country. A large number of NIS, however, cause significant economic, environmental, and health damage. These harmful species are the focus of this study. The total number of harmful NIS and their cumulative impacts are creating a growing burden for the country. We cannot completely stop the tide of new harmful introductions. Perfect screening, detection, and control are technically impossible and will remain so for the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, the Federal and State policies designed to protect us from the worst species are not safeguarding our national interests in important areas. These conclusions have a number of policy implications. First, the Nation has no real national policy on harmful introductions; the current system is piecemeal, lacking adequate rigor and comprehensiveness. Second, many Federal and State statutes, regulations, and programs are not keeping pace with new and spreading non-indigenous pests. -
Diptera Chamaemyiidae), an Overlooked Family of Biological Control Agents
Bulletin of Insectology 68 (2): 173-180, 2015 ISSN 1721-8861 Seasonal habits of predation and prey range in aphidophagous silver flies (Diptera Chamaemyiidae), an overlooked family of biological control agents 1 2 3 1 4 2 Serdar SATAR , Alfio RASPI , Işıl ÖZDEMIR , Adnan TUSUN , Mehmet KARACAOĞLU , Giovanni BENELLI 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, Balcali, Adana, Turkey 2Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Insect Behaviour Group, University of Pisa, Italy 3Plant Health Central Research Institute, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey 4Biological Control Research Station, Yüreğir, Adana, Turkey Abstract Aphids are among the most widespread and serious groups of pests in agro-ecosystems, and predaceous arthropods have been proposed as biological control agents against them, including parasitic Hymenoptera, lacewings, ladybugs, hoverflies and silver flies (Diptera Chamaemyiidae). Chamaemyiidae is a small family of predaceous flies, including aphidophagous and coccido- phagous species. Little is known about their ecology, and partial failures of Chamaemyiidae-based biological control programs against aphids may be due to poor synchronization of predator-prey seasonal habits. In this study, we investigated seasonality of predation and prey range of aphidophagous Chamaemyiidae. A field survey was conducted on crops and indigenous flora in seven agricultural sites in southern Turkey. Seventeen host plant families were surveyed for Chamaemyiidae presence and 371 silver flies were studied. All Chamaemyiidae larvae were observed to prey on adult and young instar aphids in the field. Silver fly total larval abundance reached a maximum in autumn and early winter. Six species were identified: Leucopis annulipes, L. formosana, L. glyphinivora, L. revisenda, L. rufithorax and L. -
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Fact Sheet
w Department of HEMLOCK WOOLLY ADELGID RK 4 ATE Environmental Adelges tsugae Conservation ▐ What is the hemlock woolly adelgid? The hemlock woolly adelgid, or HWA, is an invasive, aphid-like insect that attacks North American hemlocks. HWA are very small (1.5 mm) and often hard to see, but they can be easily identified by the white woolly masses they form on the underside of branches at the base of the needles. These masses or ovisacs can contain up to 200 eggs and remain present throughout the year. ▐ Where is HWA located? HWA was first discovered in New York State in 1985 in the lower White woolly ovisacs on an Hudson Valley and on Long Island. Since then, it has spread north to eastern hemlock branch Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, the Capitol Region and west through the Catskill Mountains to the Bugwood.org Finger Lakes Region, Buffalo and Rochester. In 2017, the first known occurrence in the Adirondack Park was discovered in Lake George. Where does HWA come from? Native to Asia, HWA was introduced to the western United States in the 1920s. It was first observed in the eastern US in 1951 near Richmond, Virginia after an accidental introduction from Japan. HWA has since spread along the East Coast from Georgia to Maine and now occupies nearly half the eastern range of native hemlocks. ▐ What does HWA do to trees? Once hatched, juvenile HWA, known as crawlers, search for suitable sites on the host tree, usually at the base of the needles. They insert their long mouthparts and begin feeding on the tree’s stored starches. -
Universidad Nacional Mayor De San Marcos Universidad Del Perú
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Universidad del Perú. Decana de América Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Escuela Profesional de Ciencias Biológicas Aplicación del código de barras de ADN en la identificación de insectos fitófagos asociados al cultivo de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en Perú TESIS Para optar el Título Profesional de Biólogo con mención en Zoología AUTOR Nilver Jhon ZENTENO GUILLERMO ASESOR Dra. Diana Fernanda SILVA DÁVILA Lima, Perú 2019 DEDICATORIA A mis padres, Juan Clemente Zenteno Rodriguez y Leyda Eddy Guillermo Chávez por su apoyo incondicional y cariño a lo largo de esta aventura en mi vida. Jamás terminaré de agradecerles por todo. AGRADECIMIENTOS La vida me ha dado muchas cosas durante mi breve permanencia en este planeta, cosas para las cuales, unas cuantas palabras no bastarán para poder expresar cuan agradecido estoy. En primera instancia quiero dar gracias a mis padres Juan y Leyda y a mis hermanos Dennis y Jhovani por todo su cariño y apoyo. A mi asesora de tesis, la Dra. Diana Silva Dávila por su gran paciencia durante toda la etapa desde el proyecto hasta la tesis concluida. Al proyecto PNIA N° 038-2015-INIA-PNIA/UPMSI/IE “Optimización de la identificación de plagas entomológicas en cultivos de importancia económica mediante código de barras de ADN y construcción de base de datos” por el financiamiento que hizo posible el presente estudio. A la Dra. Ida Bartolini, al Blgo. Arturo Olortegui, y a la Blga. Rosalyn Acuña por su ayuda y guía en los procesamientos moleculares de las muestras de especímenes en el laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Unidad del Centro de Diagnóstico de Sanidad Vegetal del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria. -
Calosc 5..126
Vol. 16 (2010) APHIDS AND OTHER HEMIPTEROUS INSECTS 49±57 Arthropodssettling Tilia cordata Mill. in landscape of Lublin EWA MACKOSÂ Department of Nature Preservation, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin KonstantynoÂw 1H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland [email protected] Abstract Observations on the presence and number of arthropods settling Tilia cordata Mill. were carried out in the city of Lublin in 2008-2009. The research was carried out in housing estate and by-the-road sites and the collected arth- ropodswere divided into trophic groupswith respectto their nutrient prefe- rences. The observations were concerned with the extent of presence of phy- tophagsand beneficial arthropodsin urban conditionsdepending on the extent of anthropopressure. From the research results it follows that herbivore arth- ropodswith a piercing-sucking mouth apparatuswere a dominating trophic group settling T. cordata. In both sites Eucallipterus tiliae (L.) wasmostnume- rous. Moreover, in the housing estate site apart from aphids, also the repre- sentatives of Thysanoptera were numerous whereas in the by-the-road site ± Tetranychidae. Among predators in both sites mites of the Phytoseiidae do- minated. The representatives of the Anthocoride family were most numerous in the housing estate site, while the Coccinellidae in the by-the-road site. Introduction Small-leaved lime tree (Tilia cordata Mill.) isone of the mostfrequent tree species in the city of Lublin, both in housing estate greenery as well as street 50 EWA MACKOSÂ greenery. In Poland in natural habitat there are two domestic species ± small- leaved lime (T. cordata) and large-leaved lime (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.). In urban plantations one plants also other species from this genus: European lime (Tilia x europaea L.) which isa natural hybrid T. -
COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE) INTRODUCTIONS and ESTABLISHMENTS in HAWAII: 1885 to 2015
AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE COCCINELLID (COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE) INTRODUCTIONS AND ESTABLISHMENTS IN HAWAII: 1885 to 2015 JOHN R. LEEPER PO Box 13086 Las Cruces, NM USA, 88013 [email protected] [1] Abstract. Blackburn & Sharp (1885: 146 & 147) described the first coccinellids found in Hawaii. The first documented introduction and successful establishment was of Rodolia cardinalis from Australia in 1890 (Swezey, 1923b: 300). This paper documents 167 coccinellid species as having been introduced to the Hawaiian Islands with forty-six (46) species considered established based on unpublished Hawaii State Department of Agriculture records and literature published in Hawaii. The paper also provides nomenclatural and taxonomic changes that have occurred in the Hawaiian records through time. INTRODUCTION The Coccinellidae comprise a large family in the Coleoptera with about 490 genera and 4200 species (Sasaji, 1971). The majority of coccinellid species introduced into Hawaii are predacious on insects and/or mites. Exceptions to this are two mycophagous coccinellids, Calvia decimguttata (Linnaeus) and Psyllobora vigintimaculata (Say). Of these, only P. vigintimaculata (Say) appears to be established, see discussion associated with that species’ listing. The members of the phytophagous subfamily Epilachninae are pests themselves and, to date, are not known to be established in Hawaii. None of the Coccinellidae in Hawaii are thought to be either endemic or indigenous. All have been either accidentally or purposely introduced. Three species, Scymnus discendens (= Diomus debilis LeConte), Scymnus ocellatus (=Scymnobius galapagoensis (Waterhouse)) and Scymnus vividus (= Scymnus (Pullus) loewii Mulsant) were described by Sharp (Blackburn & Sharp, 1885: 146 & 147) from specimens collected in the islands. There are, however, no records of introduction for these species prior to Sharp’s descriptions.