MAY 11, 2019 Mirror-SpeTHE ARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXIX, NO. 42, Issue 4586 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 INBRIEF Bike Ride Marks Leaders Call For Kocharyan’s Release Shushi Liberation (RFE/RL) Anniversary — Karabakh’s current and for- mer leaders called on (Panorama.am) — A bicycle ride is Armenian law-enforcement starting on May 7 from Yerevan to Artsakh’s authorities on Tuesday, May Shushi as part of events celebrating the 27th 7, to release former President anniversary of the liberation of Shushi, Sargis from cus- Parsamyan, the author of the initiative, told tody pending the outcome of Artsakhpress. his upcoming trial. He said the two-day ride will start from Lchashen In a joint letter to after the participants are transported to the village. ’s Prosecutor-General The cyclists are set to pedal through Sotk Pass, Artur Davtian, Karabakh Knaravan, Dadivank, to name a few, with two (Artsakh) President Bako overnight stays expected during the ride. Sahakyan and his predeces- The organizer said they were to be joined by sor Arkadi Ghukasyan said Artsakh cyclists upon reaching the capital Kocharyan should be able to Stepanakert, from where they would ride to attend Thursday’s official cel- Shushi. ebrations of Karabakh’s main The cyclists are expected to pay a visit to public holiday. They cited his Gandzasar and We Are Our Mountains monument and other former Karabakh Prime Minister , left, with Artsakh President Bako Sahakyan near Stepanakert and take part in the Zhingyalov leaders’ “huge contributions” Hats (a type of flatbread stuffed with finely diced to the Armenian victory in herbs and green vegetables) festival to be held in the 1991-1994 war with . Sahakyan and Ghukasyan also expressed Armenia’s Office of the Prosecutor- the village of Haterk on 11 May. Kocharyan ran the republic during and readiness to offer “any public guarantee” General responded to the letter later in the after the war before becoming Armenia’s that would enable Kocharyan to remain day. In a statement, it said that it is no president in 1998. His successor and anoth- free at least until a court verdict on cor- longer in a position to free Kocharyan ‘Condemns’ er native of Karabakh, Serzh Sarkisian, will ruption and coup charges leveled against because the high-profile investigation has Reburial of Yanikian at also participate in the official ceremonies in him. They said his release would send a already been completed and its findings Stepanakert and Shushi, as will Prime “signal of solidarity and unity” to sent to a court in Yerevan. Yerevan Pantheon Minister Nikol Pashinyan. Armenians as well as Azerbaijan. Law-enforcement authorities have until now opposed the ex-president’s release (Panorama.am) — The Turkish from pre-trial detention, saying that he Foreign Ministry issued a statement on Monday, could obstruct justice if set free. They May 6, condemning the transfer and reburial of the Lord Ara Darzi Helps with Release of Two ignored a similar appeal made by remains of Gourgen Yanikian, one of the inspira- Karabakh’s three main parliamentary par- tions behind the founding of the Armenian Secret Reuters Reporters Jailed in Myanmar ties shortly after Kocharyan was again Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA), at arrested in December. Military Pantheon on May 5. The ministry “strongly condemns” the burial of YANGON — The Director of Kocharyan and three retired Armenian Yanikian, who killed Turkish Consul General to Los Imperial’s Institute of Global army generals will go on trial soon on Angeles Mehmet Baydar and Consul Bahadır Health Innovation saw the charges of “overthrowing the constitution- Demir on January 27, 1973, at the Yerevan military release of Reuters journalists al order” in the wake of a disputed presi- cemetery. Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo in dential election held in February 2008. The “This action, which attempts to glorify a brutal Myanmar on Tuesday, May 7. Special Investigative Service (SIS) says that terrorist as a hero, constitutes a crime of promot- Professor Lord (Ara) Darzi they illegally used the armed forces against ing terrorism and it is unacceptable under any cir- of Denham, who has worked opposition supporters who demonstrated cumstance,” reads the statement. in Myanmar (Burma) since against alleged electoral fraud. Yanikian was an survivor. He 2012 on a humanitarian basis, Eight protesters and two police service- was sentenced to life imprisonment for the assassi- spent recent months in dia- men were killed in street clashes that broke nations of the Turkish consular officials. He was logue with the government out late on March 1, 2008. Kocharyan released on parole in January 1984. It is widely about the journalists’ status. declared a state of emergency in the believed that Yanikian’s act was the inspiration for The two journalists, who Armenian capital on that night. He com- Prof. Ara Darzi with Reuters journalist Wa Lone outside the founding of the ASALA, the Armenian militant have been held since Insein Prison pleted his second presidential term and organization of the 1970s and 1980s which staged December 2017 after report- handed over power to Sarkisian in April attacks on Turkish diplomats in retaliation for the ing on the ethnic cleansing of 2008. Armenian Genocide. Rohingya Muslims, were pardoned and future of Rakhine State. All four indicted men deny the charges. Yanikian is known to have remarked, “I’m not released on May 7 in Yangon. Darzi said: “I am delighted that the Kocharyan, who was also charged with Gourgen Yanikian but unacknowledged history The Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Reuters reporters, Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe bribery in March, has accused Pashinyan of coming back for the 1,500,000 Armenians whose were released as an international advisory Oo, have been granted a pardon, released waging a political “vendetta” against him. bones desecrate my invisible existence.” In death, group reviewed the implementation of the from custody, and are with their loved ones Pashinyan was one of the main he became a symbol for many Armenians of their late Kofi Annan’s recommendations on the see RELEASE, page 4 see KOCHARYAN, page 3 resentment toward the Turkish government for refusing to acknowledge the Armenian Genocide. Future Generations Carry INSIDE Memories of the Past NEW YORK — As the world commemorated the Armenian Genocide Young throughout the month of April, families reflected on the struggles and survival of their parents and grandparents, keeping the By Taleen Babayan memory of their ancestors Special to the Mirror-Spectator alive, while also seeking fur- Filmmaker ther meaning in their testi- monies and exploring how Page 13 their memory and trauma passed on to succeeding generations. In this vein, Christina Barba, Esq., a cohort in the Oral History Master of Arts program at Columbia University, unveiled her multi- INDEX media interactive history exhibit, “Living in the Shadow of the Arts and Living ...... 13 Armenian Genocide,” during Inter/views: An Interactive Oral History Armenia ...... 2,3 Exhibit on Friday, April 26 and Saturday, April 27, at Columbia Community News...... 6 University’s Faculty House. see MEMORIES, page 20 Editorial ...... 17 International ...... 4,5 Christina Barba at Columbia University 2 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR ARMENIA News From Armenia Old Yerevan and Young Voices Clash

as a result, its last performance having Armenian President By Muriel Mirak-Weissbach been on October 11, in the context of the 17th Francophonie summit held in Special to the Mirror-Spectator Meets with Staff of YSU the Armenian capital. The petitioners Law Faculty demand that the structural integrity of YEREVAN — It was a bitter cold imminent; the continuing excavation the building be restored “and that a YEREVAN (Panorama.am) — President Armen evening in January 2019. The noise work on the hole at Teryan Street and temporary venue be accommodated” Sarkissian of Armenia met with the academic per- emanating from the construction site in the heavy traffic at times involving until the security of the original build- sonnel of the Law Faculty at the Yerevan State the center of Yerevan during the day three-axel vehicles and heavy machin- ing is guaranteed. University (YSU) led by Dean, Professor Gagik must have been deafening: heavy ery, add to the threat to the building, Calling on “individuals all over the Ghazinyan on May 6. pounding of steam shovels against the which is located at the juncture of world” to support their efforts, the peti- The meeting particularly focused on the reforms ground, whirring of earth moving Teryan, Byuzand and Arami Streets. tioners stress that they seek “to prevent carried out in judicial and education systems, as well machinery, and workers’ voices seeking There is a serious danger that the not only the collapse of the historic as the issues on supplementing the state, including to make themselves heard above the façade of the building on Arami Street building, but also to protect the Little judicial systems with qualified personnel. fray. That evening, without forewarning, will also collapse. Singers,” so they “can work and share The president listened to the opinions of the facul- came the sound of something massive, In April, my husband and I were in the light of love and goodness all over ty staff on the candidates running as a judge for the crumbling, smashing down onto the Yerevan and visited the site. We were the world.” Among the signers of the Constitutional Court. earth, while brown-grey clouds of dust not on hand when the first wall crum- petition are: Gudz Manoukyan, Tigran Armen Sarkissian also discussed the same issues at and dirt rose up from the ground, obfus- bled, but the description of the disaster Mansuryan, Armen Khandikyan, the meeting with a group of lawyers. cating the view. The wall had come down and by a stroke of fortune none of Armenian Intelligence the people inside were Reveals Espionage by hurt. It was not the Berlin Azerbaijan wall, but the wall of a building on 23 Arami St., YEREVAN (news.am) — Armenia’s National one of the four walls of a Security Service (NSS) on May 7 revealed a case of historic building that has espionage committed by Azerbaijani intelligence been the “second home” agencies. of the Little Singers of According to the NSS statement, a person who has Armenia since its found- not been identified yet, was receiving orders from ing in 1992. That is where Azerbaijani intelligence and was acting on the terri- they had been rehearsing. tory of Turkey. The person introduced himself as an No one should have employee of Armenian National Security Service and been taken by surprise. through personal contacts and chatting on the web Even without particular persuaded Armenian nationals to provide data about expertise in construction military units and military equipment, including pho- methods and building The building used by the Little Singers tos. He equipped the Armenian national with cam- safety, one could have eras. predicted that, if most of After that, under control of the National Security the old buildings on that city block were above is not pure fiction. And we had Yervand Ghazanchyan, Arkadi Ter- Service staff and with the help of Armenian nation- demolished, and a large hole were dug been apprised of the danger as early as Tadevosyan, Vigen Chaldranyan, Armen al, he collected information already processed by the in the center of the large plot of land, 2017, during our previous visit. My hus- Elbakyan, Khachatur Martirosyan, National Security Service. He provided Azerbaijani the ground beneath building No. 23 band had photographed the building at Artavazd Peleshyan, Armenouhi intelligence with data, which is harmful is to the would be affected. the time, as well as the construction Karapetyan, Arthur Utmazyan, Avetis detriment of Armenia’s sovereignty, territorial In fact, the process leading to the col- site, the area where the gaping hole Berberyan, Mkrtich Minasyan, integrity and external security. lapse began earlier, in November 2018. would become bigger as time went by. Vagharshak Zakaryan, Hrant Criminal proceedings have been filed. And it certainly had to do with the hole. Now, in 2019, we could only shake our Vardanyan, Rouben Barbayan, Gagik According to government regulations, heads in dismay. Ginosyan, Narine Tukhikyan, Aram Armenian Businessman the hole was supposed to be 10 meters Tigran Hekekyan, the founder and Satyan and Svetlana Navasardyan. deep maximum, but the one that was director of the Little Singers, brought Hekekyan told us, in closing, that the Freed From Custody being dug went 15 meters down. It us up to date on developments. In an Old City Closed Joint Stock Co., which organized the construction work, had YEREVAN (RFE/RL) — The official owner of refused to realize a reconstruction plan Armenia’s largest food exporting company accused proposed by Italian architects and that of tax evasion has been released from custody after the same plan had not yet been con- paying the government 1 billion drams ($2.1 mil- firmed by the Yerevan Municipality. In lion). the meantime, the Little Singers were In a weekend statement, the State Revenue starting rehearsals in rented office Committee (SRC) said a prosecutor decided to set space, with a lease that can be extended Davit Ghazaryan free because there are no longer only for three-month periods. “grounds” for holding him in detention and because he has made the hefty payment “within the frame- Where is Old Yerevan? work of the criminal case.” The statement did not In the petition reference is made to give further details. the “Old Yerevan Project”: “The devel- One of Ghazaryan’s lawyers, Arsen Sardaryan, opers,” the text reads, “want to take pos- said the businessman was released on Friday, May 3, session of the Little Singers of Armenia just three days after Armenia’s Court of Appeals choir’s building, to demolish it and use refused to grant him bail. the entire property for their project.” It Ghazaryan’s Spayka company reposted the SRC continues that due to “The authorities’ statement on its Facebook page but did not officially passivity and the aggressive behavior comment on the development as of Monday evening. exhibited by the developers,” the matter Ghazaryan was arrested one month ago after the Members of the Little Singers will end up in the courts, “most proba- SRC charged that Spayka had evaded more than 7 bly in the European courts,” which billion drams ($14.4 million) in taxes in 2015 and could “drag on for many years.” To be early 2016. The accusations stem from large quanti- began right next to 23 Arami St. and attempt to save the building, he was cir- able to continue their work, the choir ties of foodstuffs which were imported to Armenia by earth-moving machines moved under culating a petition that had been signed would need a new location, which could another company, Greenproduct. The SRC says that tuff rocks of the building. One might by numerous artists. The petition, enti- cost $5,000 a month. Greenproduct is controlled by Spayka and that the have even thought the damage had tled “Children’s Choir in Dire Danger!” The Old Yerevan Project presents latter rigged its customs documents to pay fewer been done on purpose, and in fact, grad- is addressed “To the developers of the itself as a program of urban develop- taxes from those imports. ually, the wall separated from the build- ‘Old Yerevan’ project, the Yerevan ment aimed at preserving the historic Ghazaryan has strongly denied any ownership ing. Municipality, the Urban Development the old city of Yerevan. Photos on the links to Greenproduct. He said on April 5 that the On November 27, Prime Minister Committee of the RA, and the website www.oldquarter.am document SRC moved to arrest him after he refused to pay the Nikol Pashinyan had visited the perilous Government of the RA.” It states that the demolition of those buildings, and alleged back taxes. site, viewed the damage and given the future of the choir is in danger. “The the reader is to assume that they will be Spayka is Armenia’s leading producer and instructions for repairing the building. historical monument where the reconstructed, to conserve the original exporter of agricultural products grown at its own But nothing was done. Then, less than rehearsals of the choir ‘Little Singers of design and structure. Instead, it appears greenhouses or purchased from farmers in about 80 two months later, the wall came tum- Armenia’ are held is on the verge of col- that a “tourist pedestrian zone” is to communities across the country. The company bling down. lapse. The building’s structural integrity come into being, and “comfortable employing about 2,000 people also owns hundreds of That was on January 11. As a result, has been compromised as a result of ille- showrooms, cafes, restaurants … exhibi- heavy trucks transporting those fruits and vegeta- the building was transformed from the gal construction that is being carried tion halls and museum-shops, art gal- bles abroad and in particular. venue of music rehearsals for the world- out under the guise of the ‘Old Yerevan’ leries, small hotels … are expected to be renowned children’s choir to a safety project.” built.” Indeed the name Old Yerevan hazard. As documented in March 2019, The petition goes on to report that should not be taken literally; it “is the danger of further catastrophe was the choir has had to suspend activities continued om next page S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 3 ARMENIA from previous page reconstructed. Mshetsyan refers conditional and does not mean the creation of in the article to plans by an ethnographic quarter, but the re-creation of Vardanyan to include a two-story the historical and architectural environment. In underground parking lot as part the architectural interpretation of the project, of the project. the harmony of old and new forms is used….” The home of the Little Singers According to an article in EVN by Lilit on 23 Arami Str. fell victim to the Margaryan on April 4, this is not the whole story. construction work. Lilit (https://www.evnreport.com/raw- Margaryan reports that unfiltered/chronicles-of-the-old-yerevan-quarter) Vardanyan, as author of the pro- In the 1970s, architect Levon Vadanyan had the ject, had slated the building for idea of protecting the buildings in the historic area dismantling and reconstruction at that go back to the pre-Soviet era and are charac- any rate, on grounds that the side- terized as “black buildings” for the use of black walks were too narrow and had to stones, but to no avail. Demolition began in the be widened to three meters. The Soviet period and continued even after indepen- building was “on the edge of the dence. By 2005 there was very little left and in street,” he said, and “it would be

The collapsed wall

with such human incompetence.” He added that a tion of architectural wonders that had fallen into Site Safety Manager, Hamo Hayrapetian, certified decay, or outright reconstruction of those deemed by the City of New York, accompanied him in his past repair. The results vary in excellence but inspection and shared his conclusions. where the aim has been to recover the past archi- Sahakian’s document explains the technical rea- tectural achievements, replicas of the original sons for the disaster deriving from the faulty con- buildings have come into being that maintain the struction work, which led to accumulation of integrity of the original, to the degree possible. excessive liquid, aggravated by rainfall, heavy traf- In the case of the Old Yerevan Project, it fic, and other factors. The storm drain catch basin appears that the aim of project author Vardanyan at Arami Street and Byuzand collects surface was not to restore monuments but to “recreate an runoffs, but the water has nowhere to drain except environment.” He has compared his vision to the underground. “All four sides may collapse anytime Vernissage open air market in Yerevan, saying that due to various causes,” he writes, and points to the current one is “in an embarrassing state.” He Walls literally separating the “junction of Arami and Teryan adjacent to the says one should “imagine a luxurious version of Armenian Little Singers International Building, a the Vernissage,” where there would be makers that year the Old Yerevan Project was set up. The taken apart and moved back three meters. This landmark of Armenian architecture.” He forecasts and sellers of carpets, or silver jewelry and the designated area, enclosed by Arami, Abovyan, means we are keeping the building in the same the collapse of the structure, which “may involve like. As for solving the problem of those disman- Byuzand and Koghbatsi Streets, was divvied up area,” he is quoted as saying. loss of human lives and public property not to tled buildings, whose stones have disappeared or into five lots and auctioned off to three private Be that as it may. The fact is, construction work mention the landmark building.” He specifies that been severely damaged, he thought the problem companies. Years later most of the area was on the property where the building stands was it is not a question of “if” but “when” the disaster was not restoration of monuments but what he declared to be eminent domain and was taken carried out, with authorization of the Yerevan would occur, which would necessitate closing the calls the recreation of the “environment“ of the over by the Old City Company. The plan for Municipality at the time, and in violation of tech- road and entail a huge financial burden for recon- old city. “I do not need the sign to say restoration was indeed an urban development nical requirements related to urban development. struction. ‘Monument’,” he explained in 2014, “I want my plan, foreseeing non-residential buildings, cafes, Due to the incompetent work, the building suf- In his view, this very complex problem requires grandchildren to grow up and see that Yerevan restaurants, galleries, shops, etc. all under a 7,000- fered massive damage. Reportedly the Ministry of coordination by the City Building and Safety looked like this in the 19th century.” square-meter glass dome. The historical monu- Culture filed a criminal lawsuit with the General Department, with the cooperation of experts in (https://www.armenianow.com/soci- ments originally located on the site had been Prosecutor’s office. Since then the ministry has foundations soils who have experience in excava- ety/59183/armenia_old_yerevan_project_pre- divided into three categories: those to be restored, been phased out. tion. In addition, “an expert licensed structural sentation) those to be rebuilt with what was left of the origi- engineer is conjunction with the foundations But did Yerevan look like the drawings of the nal stones, and those to be demolished and An Expert’s Evaluation expert jointly need to study and design the reme- project? For architect Karen Balyan, the replaced by new structures. Michael L. Sahakian, a technical consultant, dy” which entails “a complete constructability Vardanyan approach is “pseudo-architecture and a According to an earlier article by Ani Mshetsyan examined that matter and issued his findings on review.” theatrical approach to architecture.” One should in ArmInfo, there was an interdepartmental con- March 27, 2019 to the Prime Minister Nikol The report concludes: “Both the writer and the restore historical structures, in Balyan’s view, as sultation in 2017 in which Vardanyan participat- Pashinyan, with copies to the Mayor of Yerevan Safety Manager are American Armenians with has been done in Tbilisi for example, not build ed, with Narek Sargsyan, chairman of the State Haik Marutyan and Chairman of Urban Armenian citizenship also. We have supported the anew. For architect Sashur Kalashyan, a member Committee for Urban Development of RA, and Development Vahagen Vermishyan. In introduc- Prime Minister from the days of the amazing of the Yerevan City Hall Urban Development employees of the Ministry of Culture and Yerevan ing his study of the failed excavation, he stated Campaign and Revolution. We continue to strive Council, Vardanyan’s idea is artificial, and would City Hall. (https://finport.am/full_news.php?id= that he himself, “in 50 years of Project for a better Armenia. We think it would be an create not an urban environment, but a public 31291&lang=3) At that meeting, plans were dis- Management, Engineering and Construction unfortunate situation if a disaster occurs; it won’t resort zone. cussed for implementation, which parts of the internationally, … has experienced such a predica- go on the account of the past government but on For the Little Singers of Armenia the issue goes area and which buildings were to be restored or ment due to natural causes but never seen one the watch of the present one in the eyes of the beyond aesthetics. On April 15, A. Vardanyan, who world and the opposition.” is the Head of the Division of the Programs of Special Regulation of Urban Development Activity, Protecting Architectural History responded to the petition issued on behalf of the How should one preserve the architectural her- Little Singers. Welcoming the professional contri- itage of a nation? Since the collapse of the Berlin butions made by the choir, the writer expressed his Wall 30 years ago and the subsequent reunifica- concern for the situation caused by the construc- tion of Germany, followed by the independence of tion work associated with the Old Yerevan Project the former Soviet republics and the regained sov- and announced that his office had sent an appro- ereignty of nations of eastern Europe, enormous priate letter to the construction companies “Old efforts have been made to revive the beauty of City” CJSC and “EMC” CJSC, urging them to imple- great urban centers, especially in the capital cities. ment the necessary measures with regard to secur- In Berlin, Warsaw, Budapest or Prague, to name a ing, maintenance and sale of existing property at few, this has come about through careful restora- the designated location.

Karabakh Leaders Call For Kocharyan’s Release

KOCHARYAN, from page 1 ers in November during Armenia’s parliamen- opposition speakers during the February- tary election campaign. One of the premier’s March 2008 protests. He has denied any politi- political allies, Sasun Mikaelyan, declared at a YEREVAN (Armenpress) — President of Armenia Armen Sarkissian cal motives behind the coup charges that were campaign rally that last spring’s protest move- received co-founders of Repat Armenia foundation, Executive Director brought against Kocharyan shortly after he ment that brought Pashinyan to power was Vartan Marashlyan and Chairman of the Board of Trustees Raffi came to power in May 2018. more important than the Armenian victory in Kassarjian. The guests introduced the President on the Foundation’s A senior aide to Sahakyan, Davit Babayan, the Karabakh war. activities, ongoing programs and upcoming actions. They noted that insisted that the letter to the chief Armenian Mikaelyan’s remark was condemned by prosecutor will not cause renewed friction Armenian opposition politicians as well as repatriation and intensification of ties of our Diaspora compatriots with between the Karabakh president and senior officials in Stepanakert, including the Armenia are the main activity directions of the Foundation. Sarkissian Pashinyan. spokesmen for Sahakyan and General Levon expressed readiness to support the Foundation’s activities, highlighting “This move is not directed at Nikol Pashinyan Mnatsakanyan, then commander of Karabakh’s their importance in terms of returning Diaspora Armenians to Armenia and there are no personal motives behind it,” Armenian-backed army. and connecting them with the homeland. Above, Kassarjian, left, can be Babayan told RFE/RL’s Armenian service. Pashinyan accused the Karabakh leadership seen with Sarkissian. “Bako Sahakyan has a good relationship with of misinterpreting Mikaelyan’s statement and Nikol Pashinyan.” “meddling” in the Armenian parliamentary Pashinyan publicly lambasted Karabakh lead- race. Mnatsakanyan was sacked in December. 4 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR INTERNATIONAL International News Lord Ara Darzi Helps with Release of Two

Two Armenians Injured Reuters Reporters Jailed in Myanmar In Kessab Bombing RELEASE, from page 1 once more. I know that it will come as a KESSAB, Syria (PanARMENIAN.Net) — The rela- huge relief to their families, friends and tive calm in the predominantly Armenian-populated colleagues. Syrian city of Kessab was shattered when “This outcome shows that dialogue two Armenians reportedly were among the injured in works, even in the most difficult of cir- a bombing of a village in Kessab on Monday, May 6. cumstances. I would like to pay tribute The Aleppo-based Kandzasar newspaper reported to all of those that came together to that a terrorist organization launched rockets, three achieve this — the Government of of which landed in the Esguran village at around Myanmar, the world-renowned Reuters 5:30 p.m. local time. news agency, the UN and various gov- The two injured Armenians were immediately ernments and international organisa- taken to a hospital in Latakia and both reportedly tions. were in stable condition. “The power of dialogue must be turned towards securing a lasting peace Qatar May Open in Rakhine State and the return of the hundreds of thousands of refugees, Embassy in Armenia whose desperate plight continues. This is essential if Myanmar is to build on DOHA, Qatar (Armenpress) — Armenia’s today’s progress so that all its citizens Ambassador to Qatar Gegham Gharibjanyan present- can live together in dignity in the hope Prof. Lord Ara Darzi with journalists ed his credentials to Emir Tamim ben Hamad Al of a better tomorrow.” Thani this week, the foreign ministry said. He used a BBC interview to empha- The Emir of Qatar was pleased with Armenia’s size that “There have been many inter- convicted of breaking the Official Kyaw Soe Oo smiled and waved to opening of an embassy in their country and assured national institutions and governments Secrets Act walked free from a prison reporters. Gharibjanyan that soon they too will address the involved in the dialogue - and dialogue on the outskirts of Yangon on Tuesday The two were then driven away by issue of opening an embassy in Yerevan. The emir is the only way to achieve what we’ve after spending more than 500 days Reuters colleagues and reunited with congratulated the Armenian ambassador and achieved today.” behind bars. their wives and children. expressed his hope that the Qatari-Armenian rela- Lord Darzi’s contributions to improv- They had been convicted in Before their arrest in December 2017, tions will develop and record progress. ing the health system in Myanmar, September and sentenced to seven years they had been working on an investiga- Gharibjanyan thanked the emir and assured him include work to modernise Yangon in jail, in a case that raised questions tion into the killing of 10 Rohingya that he will continue to seek the deepening of bilat- General Hospital, and hosting a visit to about Myanmar’s progress toward Muslim men and boys by security forces eral relations and enhancement of cooperation agen- Imperial’s Surgical Innovation Centre democracy and sparked an outcry from and Buddhist civilians in western da. for the Burmese leader in 2017. diplomats and human rights advocates. Myanmar’s Rakhine State during an In 2017 Darzi joined the They were released under a presiden- army crackdown that began in August UK Ambassador Meets International Advisory Board that was tial amnesty for 6,520 prisoners on 2017. established to oversee the implementa- Tuesday. The operation sent more than With Parliament tion of the recommendations on the Reuters has said the two men did not 730,000 Rohingya fleeing to future of Rakhine State made by former commit any crime and had called for Bangladesh, according to U.N. esti- Friendship Group Head UN Secretary General Kofi Annan. their release. mates. He is currently in Myanmar for a Swamped by media and well-wishers The report the two men authored, fea- LONDON — On May 1, Arman Kirakossian, the meeting on the implementation of the as they walked through the gates of turing testimony from perpetrators, wit- ambassador of Armenia to the United Kingdom, met recommendations of the Kofi Annan Insein Prison, a grinning Wa Lone gave nesses and families of the victims, was with Stephen Pound, Member of Parliament of the Commission on the future of Rakhine a thumbs up and said he was grateful awarded the Pulitzer Prize for interna- United Kingdom and head of the British-Armenian State, which include freedom of the for the international efforts to secure tional reporting in May, adding to a Parliamentary Friendship Group. press. their freedom. number of accolades received by the During the meeting the sides discussed the current According to Reuters, the agency for “I’m really happy and excited to see pair for their journalism. state of the Armenian-British relations and perspec- which the two journalsits worked, they my family and my colleagues. I can’t (reut.rs/2KFTSgQ) (reut.rs/2M5benE) tives of development of cooperation in different were jailed in Myanmar after they were wait to go to my newsroom,” he said. (Reuters contributed to this report.) fields. Kirakossian presented the approaches of Armenia regarding the development of Armenian-British rela- tions, foreign policy agenda, different regional issues, and the ongoing process of reforms in our Armenian PM, US Deputy Assistant Secretary country. Kirakossian briefed Pound on the formation of Armenia-Britain Parliamentary Friendship Group’s Of State Discuss Bilateral Partnerships composition in the Armenian parliament. In this con- text, the two touched upon the activities of the YEREVAN (Armenpress) — Prime police fields. He said free and democra- government in the process of imple- group, emphasizing the necessity to give a new impe- Minister of Armenia Nikol Pashinyan on tic elections have been held in Armenia menting reforms. tus within this platform. May 6 received Deputy Assistant which should be guaranteed institution- The Armenian PM and the US Secretary in the European and Eurasian Bureau at the Erdogan Says F-35 US Department of State George Kent and his delega- Project Doomed to tion. Collapse without Turkey During the meeting Pashinyan said the deepening ISTANBUL (news.am) — Turkish President Recep of friendly ties and construc- Tayyip Erdogan said on April 30 that the F-35 fight- tive partnership with the er jet project without Turkey’s contribution is United States is very important doomed to collapse completely, Xinhua reported. for Armenia which currently is “Those who try to exclude us on an issue where we at the stage of radical democra- are a project and production partner can’t see tic reforms and moves on the beyond the end of this,” Erdogan said at a defense path of institutional democracy industry fair in Istanbul. and strengthening of economy. He said Turkey did not and will not accept any Kent replied that he is happy impositions in the defense realm, adding his country for again visiting Armenia, this is rapidly taking steps to produce its own air defense time after the parliamentary system. elections, to discuss the coop- “I am saying explicitly that the F-35 project is eration agenda with the doomed to a complete failure if Turkey is excluded,” Armenian side. He said the Erdogan noted. United States is interested in The Turkish presidential spokesman Ibrahim Kalin developing the relations with From left, Ambassador Lynne M. Tracy, Deputy Assistant Secretary in the European and Armenia and in mutual part- Eurasian Bureau at the US Department of State George Kent and Prime Minister Nikol earlier said his country is not just a buyer of U.S. F- Pashinyan 35 fighter jets but also a technology partner in the nership in priority areas for production program. Armenia. ’s decision to buy the Russian S-400 air The officials also discussed ally, and the reforms on these directions Deputy Assistant Secretary of State also defense system has strained its relations with issues on deepening the mutually bene- are very important. exchanged views on the Nagorno Washington, which has cautioned that the move ficial partnership. Kent said the US welcomes Armenia’s Karabakh conflict settlement process would jeopardize Turkey’s role in the F-35 program. As important institutional directions actions aimed at developing democracy, and regional challenges. the Armenian PM highlighted the part- economic progress and other directions Kent also met with Minister of nership in judicial reforms, fight against and is ready to support the Armenian Defense of Armenia Davit Tonoyan. corruption, as well as in electoral and S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 5 INTERNATIONAL Turkey Orders New Election for Istanbul Mayor, in Setback for Opposition

This decision throws into doubt hard-earned consensus in Turkey known for his close contacts in the government. By Carlotta Gall built over decades that power and government changes hands That group is believed to be led by Erdogan’s son-in-law, Berat through democratic elections.” Albayrak, 41, who was promoted to minister of finance and trea- Turkish political analysts, speaking on condition that they not sury last year. The interior minister, Suleyman Soylu, 49, has also ISTANBUL (New York Times) — Turkey’s electoral authorities be named for fear of retribution from the palace, said Erdogan emerged as an aggressive player. wiped away a crushing defeat for President Recep Tayyip had been furious at the loss of Istanbul. Erdogan never went as far as claiming victory, but he did play Erdogan on Monday, May 6, ordering a rerun of the race for By one account, he threw a tantrum on the night of the elec- for time, and he and his allies immediately began trying to reverse mayor of Istanbul won by the opposition and heightening the tion, which was ultimately decided by a margin of 13,000 votes. the outcome in Istanbul. prospect of social unrest and a new economic crisis. According to another account, the ruling party’s candidate, The morning after the election, the judge heading the High The decision by the High Election Council was immediately Yildirim, a former prime minister and close ally of the president, Election Council confirmed that Imamoglu was indeed ahead in condemned by the opposition party as a capitulation to Erdogan was ready to cede the election but was stopped at the last minute the race, but the count dragged on and was only completed two and a blow to the democratic foundations of the country, which and made to declare victory, most probably by Erdogan himself. days after the election. have drifted closer to authoritarianism under his 18 years in As electoral officials prepared to certify that Imamoglu had nar- Officials of the ruling party then issued a deluge of objections power. rowly won, the president and his party alleged irregularities so and appeals across Istanbul’s 39 districts to challenge the num- Erdogan has jailed journalists, isolated adversaries and con- broad that they took the extraordinary step of petitioning for the bers. Recounts were ordered in five districts and invalid ballots ducted mass purges of the police, the military and the courts. He has strengthened his powers under the Constitution. Now, critics say Erdogan has managed to invalidate what had been a humili- ating defeat for his party in Istanbul, the country’s largest city, commercial capital — and the president’s hometown. Though Erdogan secured another five-year term as president with sweeping new powers in an election last year, he was ren- dered suddenly vulnerable by his party’s poor showing in the March 31 voting, which took place as the economy has begun to falter. Erdogan’s Justice and Development Party, the A.K.P., also lost control of the capital, Ankara, as well as several important indus- trial towns in southern Turkey. But the defeat in Istanbul, which has remained his political base and private fief, as well as a source of great wealth and prestige for his family and inner circle, was especially bitter. The opposition Republican People’s Party had denounced demands for a new Istanbul election as a bid by Erdogan and his party to undo the will of the voters, who handed a narrow but fiercely contested victory to the opposition candidate, Ekrem Imamoglu. After a recount of certain contested districts, Imamoglu was certified as the winner by electoral officials and took up office. There had been hope among the opposition that the High Election Council would rebuff Erdogan’s harangues for a new vote. Its decision reinforced suspicions that the council’s mem- bers were beholden to Erdogan’s party for their jobs and vulner- able to coercion. His party’s mayoral candidate, Binali Yildirim, welcomed the decision, saying “Let it bring good to Istanbul and Istanbul peo- ple.” Protesters take to the streets. An opposition lawmaker, Mahmut Tanal, described the decision on Twitter as “the murder of law” and “a black stain.” The new vote was scheduled for June 23. election to be held over. examined and recounted across all districts. Opposition party leaders met in emergency session amid talk Erdogan’s party made its last-ditch appeal on the grounds that Politicians, party supporters and analysts feverishly followed that they might boycott the second vote. Imamoglu exhorted sup- banned officials and voters had taken part in the election and every recount, claim and counterclaim. The gap between the can- porters not to despair. that thousands of names had been dropped unlawfully from the didates narrowed bit by bit. “We have won this election with the sweat of millions of peo- electoral rolls. The opposition-run district of Buyukcekmece became a focus. ple. You are the biggest witness to that sweat, you are our biggest The proof they offered was far from overwhelming — mainly An A.K.P. official announced that two people from the district comrades,” he said in televised remarks. “You may be upset now, focused on allegations of a conspiracy — and many of those alle- had been arrested. They included a municipal worker in the cen- but don’t lose your hope. We are here. Do not give up.” gations were dismissed by the 11 judges of the High Election sus office who had removed more than 3,000 people from the Council. electoral rolls. But Monday’s decision indicated that the judges had accepted Altogether, the worker had made 7,000 irregular entries by reg- the allegations that some polling station officials were not istering people in nonexistent or half-built properties, or by appointed from among public officials, as required under Turkish adding them to buildings that were already occupied. law. Imamoglu derided the claims, saying that in fact the A.K.P. had The decision was 7 to 4 in a body whose independence has been found to be behind several efforts to register people illegal- been questioned by the opposition since the judges’ terms were ly in the district. More than 700 people were removed from the extended for another year at the end of 2018 in an amendment electoral roll by election officials during the formal registration put forward by Erdogan’s party. process earlier in the year, opposition officials said. Recep Ozel, the A.K.P.’s representative to the election council, Ten days into the process, with the numbers still not showing said that Imamoglu’s mandate was now canceled and that the in his favor, Erdogan said that the irregularities had been orga- Interior Ministry would appoint an interim mayor until the rerun. nized and criminal and that the election should be canceled. Pro- The opposition had proved itself seemingly well organized for government newspapers picked up the cry. the March 31 vote, stationing supporters to monitor the count in After that, Erdogan held a meeting of his party administration, every polling station. which was leaning toward applying for cancellation, according to Once challenged, Imamoglu, the opposition candidate, insisted Selvi, the columnist. he was ahead and had the documentation to prove it. Ali Ihsan Yavuz, deputy chairman of the A.K.P., delivered three There followed a flurry of conflicting messages and political suitcases of documents to the High Election Council and gave an maneuvering from Erdogan’s camp as the leadership played for hours-long briefing to reporters with a PowerPoint display. time. There had been forgery, fraud and unlawfulness, he said. Ekrem Imamoglu, who had been declared winner of the Istanbul Erdogan himself at times seemed to be ready to concede, amid Nine ballot-box officials had been purged from their public mayoral race warnings in Turkey and abroad that, if he tried to cancel the elec- posts, so their appointment as election officials was unlawful, he tion, the ensuing political turmoil would risk a deeper economic said, adding that the government was deepening its investigation Hearing the news, citizens in some Istanbul neighborhoods crisis. around the two people arrested in Buyukcekmece in connection who oppose Erdogan took to the streets, banging pots and pans Behind the scenes on election night and the days that followed, with registration and census irregularities. to vent their frustration. “There is a thief here!” protesters chant- a fierce power struggle was unfolding between a tight circle of He suggested that officials purged in the extensive government ed in Kadikoy, an opposition stronghold. ambitious, hawkish officials around the president who were deter- crackdown since the failed coup of 2016 should not be allowed “I think this is the greatest distortion of democratic elections mined to hold on to Istanbul, and a wider circle of older heads in to vote. A further complaint claimed that 41,000 ineligible voters in Turkey since the country’s first free and fair polls in 1950,” the party who advised acknowledging defeat in the city. may have voted unlawfully. said Soner Cagaptay, director of the Turkish Research Program In the end, Erdogan decided to fight the humiliating results. “There is fraud here, corruption,” Erdogan told an assembly of at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. “With the influence of those circles around him that I identi- businessmen on Saturday. “Removing this corruption, this fraud “This is a sad day for Turkey,” he added. “Never before has the fied as a group, he made himself believe that he might get results will exonerate the High Election Council, and also fill our loser in Turkey refused to recognize the outcome of an election. with the appeal process,” said Abdulkadir Selvi, a columnist nation’s heart with peace.” 6 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR Community News

Armenian Assembly Promotes Danielle AUA’s Yes, Saroyan Ashbahian to Armenian Communications Director WASHINGTON — The Armenian Assembly of Women Can! America announced this week the promotion of Danielle Saroyan Ashbahian to communications director at the Assembly’s headquarters. Campaign Raises Funds to Advance “It is a matter of great pride to be able to pro- Women in STEM Education mote one of our former interns and current staff members,” Assembly Executive Director Bryan HIDDEN HILLS, Calif. — With the prominent Ardouny said. “Danielle’s energy and enthusiasm role that women played in the Velvet coupled with her hard work and dedication has Revolution in Armenia, and as gender equality been fantastic. I am confident she will do a great becomes a more important issue globally, the job in this new capacity to further advance the American University of Armenia (AUA) seeks to Armenian Assembly’s mission.” advance women through its Yes, Armenian Hired during the centennial year of the Armenian Women Can! campaign. When the campaign Genocide as the Assembly’s Public Affairs Associate, attains its $2.5 million goal of endowed schol- Ashbahian has managed the Communications arship fund, up to 100 women will be able to Department since May 2016, handling all print and study Computer Science and Engineering each digital communications while also organizing com- Archbishop Hovnan Derderian bestows the St. Nerses the Gracious Medal upon year in perpetuity. munity events. Ashbahian helped launch the web- Vartan Nazerian On April 28, a fundraiser was held at the site www.arme- home of Vahan and Liza Bagamian in Hidden nia360.com, a wide- Hills. The event was dedicated to raising aware- ranging source of ness of and support for the Yes Armenian news and informa- Philanthropist Vartan Nazerian Women Can! campaign. To date, nearly tion with links to $500,000 has been raised of the $2.5 million major institutions Receives St. Nerses the goal. and foundations, Dr. Armen Baibourtian, Armenia’s General and the accompa- Gracious Medal Consul in Los Angeles, was present at the nying weekly news event. After welcoming remarks by the hostess, articles emailed to BURBANK, Calif. — Philanthropist Vartan Nazerian, a member of the Liza Bagamian, Nelly Der Kiureghian welcomed Assembly members Armenian Democratic Liberal Party Supreme Council, was given the St. Nerses the guests on behalf of her husband, AUA and those who sub- the Gracious Medal from Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II with an accom- President Dr. Armen Der Kiureghian. She also scribe online. panying pontifical encyclical. It was conferred by means of Primate of the presented the overarching purpose of the cam- Armenian Assembly of paign, which places emphasis on the impor- America Communications She is an alum- Western Diocese of the Armenian Church of America Archbishop Hovnan tance of attracting more Armenian women to Director Danielle Saroyan na of the Derderian at St. Leon Armenian Cathedral in Burbank on May 5. Ashbahian A s s e m b l y ’ s The encyclical praises Nazerian’s efforts and financial support in favor of the the degree programs in Engineering and S u m m e r activities of the Hayastan All-Armenia Fund, the Armenian Democratic Liberal Computer Science. A panel discussion followed I n t e r n s h i p Party and the Tekeyan Cultural Association, as well as the Western Diocese and led by Dr. Shakeh Kaftarian, Psychologist, Program in Armenia, where she interned for the St. Leon Armenian Cathedral. Two films were screened on this occasion which Women’s Empowerment Consultant, and United Nations Department of Public Information provided biographical information and depicted Nazerian’s activities in support Fulbright Scholar at AUA (2016-2017). Her in 2014. She also has prior experience at the office of the Armenian nation and the Armenian Church in the diaspora and the efforts have been instrumental in the develop- of former US Congresswoman Janice Hahn, Republic of Armenia. ment of this campaign, along with the CEOs the Public Diplomacy Magazine, the Los Angeles and Founders of some of the most successful Consular Corps, and the San Francisco Ethics technology companies in Silicon Valley and the Commission. dubbed “Silicon Mountain” based in Armenia. Ashbahian earned her master’s degree in Public The conversation began with Dr. Yervant Diplomacy from the University of Southern Zorian, President of Synopsys Armenia, speak- . During her studies, she focused on the ing about the need for more qualified talent to use of culture and technology to increase aware- close the existing gap between available jobs ness of important issues through diplomacy. She and skilled candidates in the technology sector received a bachelor’s degree from the University of in Armenia’s labor market. “High tech has San Francisco with an international studies major, grown fast in the last decade, from only two a global politics and societies concentration, and companies in 1992 to now over 850 companies, French studies, European studies, and legal stud- employing over 15,000 employees throughout ies minors. In addition to her internship in the country. But there are shortages in the Armenia, she completed an internship working industry and many companies struggle to pull with high schools in the Czech Republic, studied resources and find qualified talent. At abroad in France, and conducted research on cul- Synopsys, we are proud that 35% of our tural exchange programs in Indonesia. employees are women, while in Silicon Valley She is active in her local community at St. Mary that number drops to about 9%,” he remarked. Armenian Apostolic Church in Washington, and Hovhannes Avoyan(M PSIA ‘95), CEO and has previously served on St. Mary’s Board of the Founder of PicsArt, spoke about the important Armenian Church Youth Organization of America role women are playing in their product design. (ACYOA) and as a Sunday School Teacher. “At PicsArt, 45-50% of women are engineers, Hailing from Rancho Palos Verdes in California, including the Head of AI and our Head of she was part of St. James Armenian Apostolic Engineering. The majority of our end-users are Church in Los Angeles. She also volunteered as a women, so we want to make sure women who staff member for many years at the Western are representing our customer base are also Diocese Armenian Church Summer Camp. designing our products,” he said. Al Eisaian, CEO and co-founder of IntelinAir, highlighted the importance of having good command of the English language for potential candidates seeking employment in the tech industry. Eisaian recommended to explore part- nering with Yerevan Brusov State University of Languages and Social Sciences to encourage students majoring in foreign languages to enroll in computer science courses and enter the field of information technology. Over 85% of the student body at that university are female. Armenian Assembly Executive Director Bryan The discussion went on looking into ways of Ardouny and Armenian Assembly inspiring more young women to embrace Communications Director Danielle Saroyan Vartan Nazerian, second from left, with friends and family and Archbishop STEM. Several great ideas were shared among Ashbahian sharing an Armenian National Hovnan Derderian at St. Leon Armenian Cathedral the guests, such as making resumes name- Institute (ANI) exhibit to Congressman Albio blind, so as not to reveal a job applicant’s gen- Sires (D-NJ) der, a tactic Sevag Ajemian of Globanet is see WOMEN, page 9 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 7 COMMUNITY NEWS Dr. Daniel and Juliette Abdulian Honored at Merdinian 37th Annual Banquet

Armenian) by poet Gevorg Emin. Soloists, By Joyce Abdulian soprano Arpy Aintablian and tenor Raffi Kerbabian, presented a meaningful musical pro- gram of Armenian songs, the last of which was GLENDALE — The Phoenicia Banquet Hall Dr. Daniel’s favorite, How Great Though Art. on Sunday, April 28, felt like a family reunion Elizabeth Agbabian introduced the honorees, within a Celebratory Banquet. The evening was depicting how experiences in their youth planned by the Merdinian School Women’s formed their life’s actions of dedication and ser- Auxiliary, and Co-Chaired by Ani Hanessian and vice. She gave an interesting history of the Louisa Janbazian. honorees’ family lives in Kessab and Aleppo. Louisa Janbazian welcomed the full house by She shared her personal and family friendship quoting former Armenian Missionary with both, presenting their life-long love and Association of America (AMAA) Vice President, commitment to the C&E Merdinian Armenian Peter Kougasian, Esq at the 30th Annual Evangelical School and the AMAA. She also Merdinian banquet, “Why Merdinian? What is shared how the brothers, Drs. Daniel, Jack, and the purpose of a Christian, Armenian education Misak were a trio of healing hands in the com- in this increasingly secular world....? Without munity. the kind of education children receive at Merdinian Board of Directors Chairman Dr. Merdinian School, how will our children come Vahe Nalbandian presented the honorees with to see, that Christian faith is not just tradition, a gift and Lifetime Achievement Award — thank- or superstition, or ethics, …but rather that ing them for their years of generosity, dedica- Christian faith is so important, that for its sake, tion, and service to the School. The honorees their Armenian forbears went to their death. Banquet Co-Chairs Ani Hanessian and Louisa Janbazian with Merdinian Board Chair Dr. Vahe graciously accepted the honor bestowed upon We are here today, because we want a School Nalbandian and Principal Lina Arslanian them — Dr. Daniel in his usual dignified man- where young minds are at least exposed to the ner. Juliette expressed her appreciation by per- idea that right and wrong really are sacred com- sonally thanking everyone involved with the mandments…“ A full table of Abdulian/Atikian cousins, Tzeker Sourp Kirkeh (We don’t leave the Bible) planning and execution of the evening. It was Master of Ceremonies Alice Altoon, created a which included the honoree’s children, Dr. accompanied by her grandmother, Esther evident how much the evening meant to both of warm and informative atmosphere as she John, Richard, and daughter Diana, were all Assilian. Enjoying the limelight, she continued them. Well Done Good and Faithful Servants. moved the program along; also sharing the fam- present to honor their Uncle Daniel and ily connections she has with her first cousin, Juliette. Everyone enjoyed greeting the many honoree Dr. Daniel Abdulian. relatives and friends present, making an After the singing of the American and evening full of warm exchanges. Juliette’s Armenian National Anthems by soloists Arpy daughter, Tamara Jabour, of Nashville, Aintablian and Raffi Kerbabian, the opening Tennessee, was pleased to be at the event. Mr. Aram Boulgourjian, first Principal of Merdinian, as well as many teachers and parents were in atten- dance. The booklet message from Dr. John and Linda Kay Abdulian and family is worthy of quoting. “In love and honor of Dr. Daniel and Juliette Abdulian for their long devotion and stewardship to Christian education and the Merdinian School. They Honorees Dr. and Mrs. Daniel and Juliette Abdulian sharing their have freely scattered their table with some family members gifts to the poor; their righteousness endures for- ever.” prayer was given by Rev. Hendrik Shanazarian, Principal Lina Arslanian congratulated the Honorees Dr. and Mrs. Daniel and Juliette Abdulian with Merdinian School Board Chair Dr. Vahe Associate Pastor of the United Armenian honorees for their years of devotion to the Nalbandian Congregational Church of Los Angeles. Dr. School. She also shared a poignant account of Nazareth Darakjian, AMAA Board President, her appreciation of Dr. Daniel as her personal congratulated the honorees for their many physician. impromptu reciting a Bible verse she had Women’s Auxiliary Co-Chairs Ani Hanessian years of dedication to the Merdinian School Five-year-old Zoey Atachian, Merdinian learned in school. Vahe Snapyan, a dignified and Louisa Janbazian presented a $20,000 check and AMAA — both having served for years on Preschool student, brought down the house as 8th grade student gave an eloquent, emotional to Nalbandian as the Auxiliary’s contribution to the AMAA Board. she sang the Armenian song Menk Chenk recitation of Zarmanali Hye (Amazing the School for scholarships and operations. Nalbandian introduced Azniv Ghazanian, a long-time parent of three Merdinian students — who will miss the school, now that her children have moved on. She lovingly spoke of her years with the PTO (Parent-Teacher Organization) and the life-long friendships forged. She shared how the Merdinian outstanding education with- in a Christian environment was of foremost importance to her and her family. Perhaps grandchildren will bring her back. The “Kessab” element was very apparent. Rev. Serop Megerditchian, senior pastor of Armenian Cilicia Evangelical Church of Pasadena, shared how he is a cousin of the late Anush Abdulian. His closing comments and prayer came with a comment directed to Dr. Daniel in their own beloved Kessab dialect. The devotion to Merdinian, not only by our honorees Dr. Daniel and Juliette Abdulian, but by the entire community, keeps the legacy of the School’s founders Charlotte and Elise Merdinian vital. These two sisters planted the seed for countless children to reap the benefits of their benevolence—and pass it forward. Established in 1982, Merdinian is the only Armenian Evangelical School in the United States. The School offers a broad-based cur- riculum that fosters academic excellence, high moral values, and spiritual enrichment in the Armenian Evangelical tradition. The School strives to create a safe and nurturing environ- ment where every student receives personal attention to become a successful and responsi- ble individual. 8 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR COMMUNITY NEWS

ANI Director Dr. Rouben Adalian with parishioners of St. John the Baptist Armenian Orthodox Church in Milwaukee, WI on April 7, 2019 YMCA Officials Attend Philadelphia Presentation on Critical Role of Group in Aftermath of Armenian Genocide

PHILADELPHIA — Armenian National General of the Jerusalem International YMCA Len inspired Elder and Arroll to take on the chal- ter as well as highlights the capacity of the Institute (ANI) Director Dr. Rouben Adalian was Wilson stated. “I felt privileged to be in attendance lenge of going to Armenia. human spirit to persevere and do good in the the featured guest speaker at the Armenian during the very moving church service in your The community-wide gathering was orga- face of a seemingly hopeless situation.” Inter-Communal Committee of Philadelphia’s beautiful sanctuary, and to be in attendance for an nized by Steven Keytanjian and fellow leaders Hambardzumyan wrote that he was Genocide Commemoration on April 24th where excellent lecture by Dr. Adalian. I appreciated the of the Armenian Inter-Communal Committee of “absolutely grateful to ANI for disclosing so elo- he presented on “The Decisive Role of the opportunity to increase the awareness of your Philadelphia, which consists of representatives quently the story of the YMCA in the Republic YMCA and American Relief in Armenia a attendees to the role of John R. Mott and the from the five area churches, their clergy, and of Armenia back in 1918.” Century Ago.” Based on John Elder’s pho- Christian mission work he inspired via John Elder the Armenian Sisters Academy. The presenta- Earlier in April, Adalian presented on the tographs and testimony, as well as additional and James Arroll.” tion took place at St. Sahag and St. Mesrob YMCA at St. John the Baptist Armenian material from other archives, the exhibit pays Wilson added: “I was most impressed by the Armenian Apostolic Church in Wynnewood, Orthodox Church in Milwaukee, WI. “It was a tribute to the extraordinary efforts of two scholarly work accomplished by Dr. Adalian. I Penn., and Andrew Kzirian served as master of particular pleasure to share the exhibit in YMCA volunteers who went to Armenia during only wish more research was accomplished on ceremonies. Milwaukee, where in attendance was Mr. Ara the first years of the newly-formed republic, the hundreds of World Service workers inspired The ANI exhibit, titled “The First Churchian who identified himself as a former John Elder and James O. Arroll, and whose phil- by John R. Mott. Dr. Mott’s career and accom- Deportation: The German Railway, the student of John Elder when decades ago he anthropic accomplishments were widely recog- plishments need to be illuminated for persons American Hospital, and the Armenian attended the American Presbyterian Missionary nized at the time. outside the YMCA organization to appreciate Genocide,” was dedicated to Keytanjian’s grand- School — now called Community School — in Executive Director of Greater Philadelphia the goals of our organization that is not a father, Dr. Charles Mahjoubian. The First Tehran, Iran. The audience was quite excited to YMCA Dave Mullin, Director of Information church or a religion, but acts to achieve coop- Deportation exhibit concludes with testimony learn that one of their parishioners knew John Technology of Greater Philadelphia YMCA Jean eration and reconciliation embodying the true from Mahjoubian, a native of Konya who reset- Elder in person. I thank Mr. Churchian for his Scutt, and retired Director General of the spirit of our Lord among persons of all faiths.” tled in Philadelphia. As a survivor, he commit- participation and especially the St. John the Jerusalem International YMCA Leonard Wilson Mott, who is also featured in the exhibit, was ted himself to testifying to with his wife Joyce attended the presentation. the longtime general secretary of the the events he witnessed in “Thank you for the great honor paid to the International Committee of the YMCA in the his hometown. YMCA workers during the horrific events a cen- early 20th century and an early advocate for US “Thank you to the entire tury ago in your homeland,” retired Director humanitarian relief for Armenians, who Armenian American commu- nity in Philadelphia for wel- coming the Armenian National Institute’s exhibit Tekeyan Cultural Association Boston and Armenian on the YMCA, and partici- General Benevolent Union New England District pating in the shared history Present of Armenia and the United states that dates back over a Literary Evening with century,” Adalian stated. “It was especially encouraging California novelist and a true honor to have in attendance representatives of the YMCA, and be able to Aris Janigian thank on this day of remem- brance the deeply commit- ANI Director Dr. Rouben Adalian with YMCA officials and the and ted and selfless YMCA vol- Armenian Inter-Communal Committee of Philadelphia, organizers of the community-wide Armenian Genocide Commemoration on April unteers who put themselves 24, 2019 at St. Sahag & St. Mesrob Armenian Apostolic Church in harm’s way and helped so Susan Barba many survivors of the poet, author and editor Armenian Genocide.” Baptist Armenian Church Parish Council and Last year, Armenia YMCA welcomed the its Chairman Lyle Dadian for organizing the release of the special digital exhibit, and joined event, and Father Nareg Keutelian who the Armenian Assembly of America in present- presided,” Adalian said. The YMCA digital exhibit is one of seven 7:30 pm ing the exhibit in Armenia and Artsakh, with May 15 the help of Vardan Hambardzumyan, who exhibits developed by ANI based on American AGBU Building heads the YMCA in Armenia and presently documentation of the Armenian Genocide. 247 Mount Auburn Street Watertown MA serves as executive secretary of Europe YMCA. Earlier this month, ANI released “The United Free admission, reception to follow To date, the exhibit has been shown in Yerevan, States Military in the First Republic of Armenia Books will be on sale Stepanakert, and the American corner in 1919-1920,” a groundbreaking exhibit that doc- For more information, email Gyumri, and presently is on display in Vardenis uments the extent of U.S. humanitarian inter- [email protected] or call 617 924-4455 through the continuing sponsorship of the vention during the difficult years in the life of YMCA. This past Friday, YMCA leaders from the newly-formed Armenian state in the after- Germany, Spain, Russia, Georgia, Ukraine, and math of the Armenian Genocide. Based upon Belarus attended a private opening of the the photographic collection of an American exhibit in Vardenis. medical officer, Dr. Walter P. Davenport, the Ryan Bean, Reference and Outreach Archivist exhibit reveals the depth and breadth of mea- at the YMCA Archives, who supported the pro- sures taken by U.S. military personnel to stabi- ject, remarked: “The Armenian National lize the humanitarian crisis in Armenia, and Institute has done a fantastic job telling this especially the caretaking of the most vulnerable story. It is both tragic and heartbreaking on the part of the population through hospitals, one hand, and inspiring and humbling on the orphanages, food distribution points, and other other. The timeliness of this exhibit is very facilities. appropriate, and I believe we could all learn a All of the digital exhibits posted on the ANI lesson from Elder and Arroll.” website are freely downloadable on The YMCA Archives extended congratula- www.armenian-genocide.org, and are provided tions to Adalian and ANI on the release of the to the public in high resolution to be readily digital exhibit in 2018, and added: “This exhib- printable anytime and anywhere from standard- it both illuminates a tragic humanitarian disas- size to poster-size. S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 9 COMMUNITY NEWS Bipartisan Group Expresses Disappointment, Asks Trump to Affirm Armenian Genocide

WASHINGTON — On Monday, May 6, a bipar- Representatives Gus Bilirakis (R-FL), Frank alarming statement by Turkey’s authoritarian statement reflected a dictionary definition of tisan group of legislators sent a letter to President Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ), Peter King (R-NY) and Adam leader that the relocation of Armenians in 1915 genocide and used an Armenian expression, Donald Trump expressing their disappointment Schiff (D-CA). was ‘reasonable.’ The mass deportation of an Medz Yeghern, which the Armenian Assembly in his April 24th statement, and asked him to “The Armenian Assembly applauds entire race is never reasonable - not 104 years ago described as a missed opportunity to end geno- directly affirm the Armenian Genocide, reported Congresswoman Jackie Speier for spearheading and not today,” he added. cide denial, especially in light of Turkey’s outra- the Armenian Assembly of America (Assembly). this initiative and the bipartisan support from the “We want to express our disappointment that geous attempts to justify the genocide. Shepherded by Congressional Caucus on Armenian Caucus Members,” stated Assembly your statement did not directly acknowledge the Last month over 25 U.S. Senators and Armenian Issues Co-Chair Rep. Jackie Speier (D- Executive Director Bryan Ardouny. “We appreci- Armenian Genocide as President Ronald Reagan Representatives issued statements and participat- CA), the letter is signed by 28 Members of ate the continued efforts to unequivocally affirm did during his presidency. However, there is no ed in events from New York to California com- Congress, including the Caucus leadership: the Armenian Genocide, especially given the wrong day to recognize the Armenian Genocide. memorating the Armenian Genocide. Speaker of We hope you will consider future opportunities to the House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi (D- pay fitting tribute to the memory of those targeted CA) remarked in her April 24th statement: for their faith, those who perished and those who “One hundred and four years ago, the Ottoman Archaeology’s Genocide Problem: Forgetting survived, as well as to the brave men and women in Empire began its horrific, systematic murder of our military, who continue to proudly serve our more than 1.5 million innocent Armenian men, On the Armenian Highlands country and defend our most cherished ideals and women and children. For over a century, the freedoms,” the letter to President Trump read. Armenian people have stood courageously NASHVILLE, Tenn. — On Friday, March 15, King Darius of Persia, ca. 518 B.C. He reminded The letter also references the heroic efforts of against those seeking to rewrite history and deny Vanderbilt University’s Anthropology us that “there is no ancient Turkey,” and that Major General James G. Harbord, General John J. the Armenian genocide,” Speaker Pelosi said. Department hosted a lecture by Cornell “Anatolia is relatively a new term used since the Pershing’s Chief of Staff during World War I, “We have a moral obligation to remember these University Prof. Adam T. Smith. His lecture was 10th century A.D.” who, at the direction of President Woodrow barbaric acts of ethnic cleansing and continue to titled “Archaeology’s Genocide Problem: Against this background Smith elaborated on Wilson, led an American Military Mission to acknowledge the truth of this dark stain on the Violence, Heritage, and the Techniques of the various techniques of “unseeing” employed Armenia in 1919. Major General Harbord and the history of the world. To honor the memory of Forgetting on the Armenian Highlands.” by the state authorities to erase the memory of United States Military in Armenia is highlighted those lost and the suffering of those who sur- Smith presented a survey of prominent archae- the Armenian presence in Turkey. He divided in the Armenian National Institute’s (ANI) new vived, we firmly and unequivocally denounce all ological texts in the field, pointing out how some these into four processes: omission from texts, exhibit, available online. attempts to devalue or minimize these heinous of those writers, when discussing the heritage of monumentalization, de-ethnicization, and denial As with previous administrations, this year’s crimes,” she added. Eastern Turkey, had failed to mention of denial — including disappearance, surveillance, Armenians as natives of the land from earliest prohibition, and self-censorship. times until Islam, instead portraying the land as Lastly, Smith discussed the importance of exclusively having Turkish heritage. He “archaeology as bearing witness” to the Michael Zildjian to Speak on Zilosophy at described this phenomenon as “the powerful nar- Armenian Genocide. He stressed “the need for ratives of denial,” not only in regard to the archaeologists to be able to access important his- Armenian Genocide, but also the Turkish gov- torical sites in the ancestral homeland” of histor- St. James Men’s Club Dinner Meeting ernment’s negating the historicity of an ancient ical Armenia (not just the Republic of Armenia), WATERTOWN — On Monday, June 3, there will be a St. James Armenian Church Men’s Armenian presence in Anatolia. Indeed, as which so far has been denied to archaeologists. Club dinner meeting at the church’s Charles Mosesian Cultural and Youth Center. The guest Rouben Adalian states: “Despite the three-thou- He also expressed hope that academics would will be Michael Zildjian, author, podcaster, and speaker. sand-year existence of the Armenians and their not be influenced by politics but rather maintain Zildjian is a Watertown native and former student at the Armenian General Benevolent continuous construction of civilization in their the standards of academic integrity and present Union (AGBU) day school here. His Zilosophy platform leads conversations which teach self- historic homeland, no archeological site in the subject matter in an objective way. awareness and honest self-evaluation with the goal of helping people make informed choices Turkey is permitted designation as historically It is noteworthy that Smith’s archaeological that allow them to bring their best to whatever they do. Zildjian’s first book, Zilosophy on Armenian.” work is pioneering in that he is introducing a Golf, has been praised by golfers and non-golfers alike as a great way to simplify golf and life. Professor Smith further emphasized that new approach to Genocide studies which so far At the talk, he will lead a discussion based on what it means “archeological research is highly skewered” as has been dealt with primarily by historians and to be the best Armenians we can be for our community and Turkey denies that Armenian archeological finds sociologists. the world. are actually Armenian. Even the names of Members of the Nashville Armenian communi- Having grown up in a small town, Zildjian never dreamt of Armenian towns in Anatolia have been Turkified, ty attended this lecture and actively participated being a writer. When he decided to move across the country again negating a historic Armenian presence during the question-and-answer session. After to go to college at Pepperdine in Malibu, Calif., a whole world there. According to Professor Smith names of the lecture the community members met with opened up to him that he had never imagined. Since then, he approximately 75% of sites of the geographically Professor Smith and discussed various issues has traveled to 45 of the continental United States, and has historical Armenia have been changed. ranging from the impact of the Genocide on dived head first into the cultures of a dozen or so internation- Smith then offered a chronological timeline of their immediate families, to community activities al countries. He has met people from all walks of life, from rock ancient Armenian history discovered through in Nashville, to Tennessee House Resolution 100 stars to geologists, sharing his stories and his philosophical archeological finds, starting with the first nota- (which recognized the Armenian Genocide on views about life while drinking adult beverages or playing a tion of an “Armenian” as such on the tomb of the occasion of its centennial in 2015). round of golf. Zildjian has played a lot of golf in a lot of places. After moving on from careers as a concert promoter, pro- Michael Zildjian ducer, artist manager, licensing representative for TV/film, marketing/branding consultant, bartender, rideshare driver and a disposable lighter repairman, Zildjian decided it was time to take his passion for philo- sophical conversations to the next level. And thus Zilosophy was born. It is where Zildjian could build a platform for public dialogue about the things he had always collaboratively pon- F UNERAL H OME dered with friends, family and strangers. Zildjian is not a therapist, and he makes no profes- Giragosian sional therapeutic claims about his musings. James “Jack” Giragosian, CPC Mark J. Giragosian Over time, he began to realize that there are many correlations between golf and life. Deep Funeral Counselors philosophical conversations about both topics with friends and professional golfers formed the basis and the foundation for Zilosophy. 576 Mt. Auburn Street, Watertown, MA 02472, TEL: 617-924—0606 www.giragosianfuneralhome.com This St. James Men’s Club dinner meeting will begin with a social hour and mezza at 6:15 p.m. and dinner at 7 p.m. Ladies are invited. Keljik Hall, at the Mosesian Cultural Center of the church, is located at 465 Mt. Auburn St.

Telephone (617) 924-7400 Campaign Raises Funds for Women in STEM Education Aram Bedrosian WOMEN, from page 6 record of inspiring examples of women who implementing. His company is also offering paid have graduated or are currently enrolled and Funeral Home, Inc. maternal and paternal leave to promote sharing will soon enter the field. One example is family responsibilities between parents. Nishan Anush Ghambaryan, an early graduate from Continuous Service By The Bedrosian Family Since 1945 Majarian, CEO of Agrian, Inc., spoke about the AUA’s Computer and Information Science importance of creating flexible work opportuni- (CIS) program who now heads the Artificial MARION BEDROSIAN ties and how this could be advantageous to Intelligence department at PicsArt. Another is 558 MOUNT AUBURN STREET PAUL BEDROSIAN women raising families. Vahe Kuzoyan, Anahit Serobyan, who graduated with a WATERTOWN, MA 02472 LARRY BEDROSIAN President and Co-Founder of ServiceTitan, who Masters in Computer Science (CS) in 2013 just raised $165 million in the latest round of and went on to join VMware in Armenia. his company’s fundraising, spoke about the Currently, around 40% of students in the need to source female talent and create a College are female, however, research shows pipeline of seasoned managers by offering skills that by 2025, the need for computer pro- ENNIS M. EVENEY & ONS training in specialized areas, such as negotia- grammers in Armenia will triple due to the D D S tions, where women may not be as aggressive as ever-increasing innovation in the country’s the job entails. “It’s also going to take a societal tech sector. This is consistently growing the Cemetery Monuments level shift. It can’t just be businesses, it has to market demand for even more women to enter Specializing in be everyone working together to make changes the field and set new records outpacing that happen in the country.” of Silicon Valley. The visionary initiative of Armenian Designs and Lettering AUA has already played a pivotal role in Yes, Armenian Women Can! will ensure that 701 Moody St. Waltham, MA 02543 preparing Armenia’s next generation of Armenia continues to uphold its “Silicon female technology leaders through the Zaven Mountain” status while crossing new mile- (781) 891-9876 www.NEMonuments.com and Sonia Akian College of Science and stones and setting high standards for gender Engineering (CSE). The University boasts of a equity in the technology sector. 10 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR COMMUNITY NEWS

Holocaust and Genocide Studies at University Taner Akçam Speaks at Washington Event of Minnesota. Selected Publications Akçam has published numerous books and articles in English, French, German and Turkish, including The Young Turks’ Crime Commemorating Genocide Anniversary Against Humanity: The Armenian Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing in the . WASHINGTON — On Friday, April 26. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012, Professor Taner Akçam, the Robert Aram, Judgment at Istanbul: The Armenian Genocide Marianne Kalousdian and Stephen and Marian Trials, with Vahakn Dadrian and A Shameful Mugar Chair in Armenian Genocide Studies at Act: Armenian Genocide and the Question of Clark University presented his latest book, The Turkish Responsibility. New York: Metropolitan Killing Order of Talat Pasha and the Denial of Books, November 2006. the Armenian Genocide, as part of a Armenian Akçam acknowledged the efforts of many Genocide Commemoration organized by the Armenian individuals who had been tremen- Jerair Nishanian Foundation (JNF) at St. Mary dously helpful to him, especially Kevork Armenian Church Hall. Marashlian, local commander of the Knights of While the guests were arriving, The Hrant Vartan, Stepan Ohanian because of his assis- Dink Contemporary Oratorio, Istanbul, played tance with translating his articles into on a large screen. Armenian, Archbishop Vicken Aykazian, the Master of the ceremonies and the coordina- Jerair Nishanian Foundation who invited him tor of the program, Diramayr Yetetzgin Anahid tonight and sponsored the translation and pub- Kalayjian, JNF Board member, started the event lication of this book released 2 days ago in and invited Pastor of St. Mary’s Church Rev. Yerevan, Armenia, the access he had to the Hovsep Karapetyan for the opening remarks priceless archives of Reverend Father Krikor and prayer. Guerguerian, the AGBU Boghos Nubar Labrary Tagvor Nishanian, PhD, vice-president of in Paris, NAASR, Hrant Gulian of New Jersey, JNF’s Board of Directors and son of the Gulbenkian Foundation and Knights of Vartan founder, welcomed the packed audience and Grand Council and many other organizations. presented the work of the foundation since its Akçam added that the book is part of a larg- inception 25 years ago. The foundation was er project. He treated the audience to an established as a private nonprofit charitable tremendously informative and meticulous pre- sentation sharing the many obstacles he had corporation. He established his foundation At the Armenian Embassy entrance from left Lucine Shirinian, third secretary, Deputy Chief of because of a strong sense duty to his homeland Misson Ara Magarian, Taner Akçam and Dicle Akar. faced to obtain copies of the telegrams, deci- Armenia, instilled upon him by his parents’ phering the codes and recreating the docu- past. Both were survivors of the Armenian ments that proved the killing orders of Talat Genocide, but his father died when he was a providing scholarships for students attending Hanover, with a dissertation on The Turkish Pasha to annihilate the Armenians. Akçam was child, and his mother raised him and his five Gavar State University. More recently, they have National Movement and the Armenian elated when he coincidentally stumbled upon older siblings by herself. Not only was she suc- expanded the program to include graduate stu- Genocide Against the Background of the the documents in the National Archives of cessful in raising her family, they thrived, and dents at the National University of Architecture Military Tribunals in Istanbul Between 1919 Turkey, which clearly incriminated the denials he was able to move to the US to attend college. and Construction of Armenia in Yerevan. To and 1922. Akçam was born in the province of of the Armenian genocide. qualify for the schol- arships, applicants must show a financial need and strong acad- emics. In addition, the foundation has reno- vated portions of Gavar State University and sup- ports Greater Washington DC Armenian churches, among other pro- jects. The foundation is committed to sup- porting the translat- Tagvor Nishanian, PhD, JNF Vice President Anahid Nishanian, JNF Board Member ing and publication of literary projects Ardahan, Turkey, in 1953. He became interest- Archbishop Vicken Aykazian, Honorary towards the advance- ed in Turkish politics at an early age. As the edi- Member of JNF, offered concluding remarks ment of Armenian tor-in-chief of a student political journal, he was and Benediction. His analogy between the education and cultur- arrested in 1976 and sentenced to 10 years’ phrase from the song Groong bringing good al issues, including imprisonment. Amnesty International adopted news then and referring to Prof. Akçam bring- those written about him as a prisoner of conscience. A year later, he ing good news today to all Armenians lifted the Armenian escaped to Germany, where he received political everyone’s spirits. He introduced also Dicle Genocide by Akçam. Prof. Taner Akçam Odette Zakarian emotionally recited a The overall mission of the foundation is very moving one of many simple: to facilitate an opportunity for under- Siamanato’s famous poems, “The Dance,” in privileged, talented young Armenian students Armenian. Her intonation conveyed the horrif- to attain higher education in various disciplines ic scenes from that dreadful tragedy. As if the and achieve their inherent potentials, and in audience hadn’t been moved enough with their term, contribute to the welfare of their mother- emotions, Zaven Kalayjian, JNF Board member, land and future generations. delivered “The Dance” in English to ensure that Through a collaboration with Fund for everyone in the room lived those atrocities once Armenian Relief (FAR), the foundation focused more time. on one of the needy regions of Armenia, Gavar, Victoria Petrosyan, spouse of Armenian ambassador, sang Dele Yaman and with her piercing voice moved the audience. Many in the audience got misty eyed. She continued her reper- From left, Vazrik Nishanian, Alineh Templin, Tagvor Nishanian, benefactor Jerair Nishanian, Anahid toire with Komitas’ Nishanian, Taner Akçam, Arch. Vicken Aykazian, Rev. Hovsep Karapetyan, Yeretzgin Anahid famed Groong. Her Kalayjian and Zaven Kalayjian powerful voice con- veyed the message of the song loud and asylum. In 1988 he started working as Akar, life partner of Akçam, who being Kurdish, clear. Research Scientist in Sociology at the Hamburg has written a book about the Armenian Vazrik Nishanian, Institute for Social Research. His first research orphans in the Middle East and teaches English Board member of JNF topic was the history of political violence and in the International School in Munich, introduced the guest torture in the late Ottoman Empire and early Germany. speaker, Akçam. Republic of Turkey. Between 2000 and 2002 Prof. Akçam concluded the presentation with Vazrik Nishanian, JD, JNF Board Member (left), Odette Zakarian, reciting Akçam received his Akçam was Visiting Professor of History at a book signing session and everyone partook of “The Dance.” doctorate in 1995 University of Michigan. He worked also as a light reception. from the University of Visiting Associate Professor at the Center for –Shoghig Missirian Sahakian S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 11 COMMUNITY NEWS 12 S ATURDAY, MAY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR COMMUNITY NEWS LA County Honors Arsen Danelian during Armenian History Month

LOS ANGELES — Longtime community courage, and character,” said Danielian, found- received hundreds of thousands of Armenian ing out that Los Angeles has the largest leader Arsen Danielian, Esq., was honored by ing member of the Glendale-based law firm orphans, survivors of the genocide, and Armenian community outside of Armenia. the Board of Supervisors of the County of Los Baker, Olson, LeCroy & Danielian. “Today’s embraced them to feel at home.” “We are connected to our roots, to our ances- Angeles for his service on April 30, during the recognition by the Board of Supervisors of Los Turning to the accomplishments of tral land of Armenia, but we also feel that we city-designated Armenian History Month. have the moral duty and responsibility to Kathryn Barger, Supervisor of the Fifth serve this freedom-loving country, which has District, presented the certificate of recogni- been a home for our children and for the many tion to Danielian, who was joined on stage by generations to come.” Archbishop Hovnan Derderian, Primate of Danielian’s service to the Los Angeles com- the Western Diocese of the Armenian Church munity spans decades, organizations and cul- of America, who nominated him for the tures. He has served as a member of the honor. Also joining Danielian was his wife Diocesan Council, as Chairman of the Hasmik Danielian, Ed.D., Superintendent of Ambassadors of Faith of the Western Diocese the Norwalk-La Mirada Unified School and as a generous benefactor of St. Leon District of California and his daughter, Nyree Cathedral in Burbank. He has been honored Kolanjian, Esq. with the prestigious St. Nerses Shnorhali medal “Throughout April, it has been an honor to and the accompanying Pontifical Encyclical of recognize the accomplishments and contribu- His Holiness Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and tions of outstanding Armenian-Americans who Catholicos of all Armenians in recognition of live, work, and serve in Los Angeles County,” his four decades of service rendered to the said Barger, who represented the Board of Armenian Apostolic Church. Earlier this year, Supervisors, the governing body of the County Danielian traveled to the Vatican to have an of Los Angeles that oversees a population of audience with His Holiness Pope Francis, where more than 10 million people. “In addition to his he personally expressed his deep gratitude for professional work, Arsen is best known for his His Holiness’ stand with the Armenian people work with the faith community, particularly in and for the Armenian cause. He also met with the Armenian Apostolic Church.” His Eminence Pietro Cardinal Parolin, Barger thanked Danielian, his family and Arsen Danielian holds the recognition, along with his family, friends and Archbishop Hovnan Derderian Secretary of State of the Holy See. Derderian for attending the ceremony in person Danielian is also the former chairman of the to celebrate his “immense involvement and con- Board of Directors of the Healthcare tributions to Los Angeles County and the Angeles County is a testimony to the impor- Danielian and his efforts towards his sur- Foundation of the Glendale Adventist Medical Armenian community.” tance of the impact of community involvement rounding society, Derderian noted his service Center and the recipient of the 2014 Erwin J. She highlighted the positive impact in furthering our democratic values as well as is “a token of gratitude to this nation” by Remboldt Founder’s Award of the Glendale Armenians have had in both California and the the Armenian cause.” “serving institutions that heighten the well- Adventist Medical Center for outstanding phil- nation, making “a real difference in this country In his remarks, Derderian elaborated on being of the community at large and bring anthropy. He has also served as Vice President by giving back in ways that are very much the symbolism of the month of April for the hope to the lives of the members of the of the Board of Directors of the Glendale under the radar.” Armenian people as the world commemo- greater Los Angeles community.” Symphony Orchestra Association, as a mem- Danielian said he felt “honored and humbled” rates the martyrs of the first genocide of the Derderian traced the history of the Western ber of the Board of Directors of the Glendale by the recognition bestowed upon him. He 20th century, an “unpunished genocide, Diocese that was established over 100 years Rotary Club, Chairman of the Glendale thanked Derderian for nominating him and for which has paved the way for many other ago as a direct result of the Hamidian mas- Schools 2000 Action Planning Team for his leadership, as well as to Supervisor Barger genocides.” sacres of the Armenians in 1895, that caused Developing Pride and Confidence in the and her colleagues for their tireless work in Los “We have commemorated the saints on many to flee historic Western Armenia and Glendale Unified School District (1992-1993), Angeles County. April 24, but the day also has become for us a seek haven in America. and as a member of the Arroyo-Verdugo Sub- “For the past 45 years as a community day of rebirth,” said Derderian. “On this very “Since then, we have flourished and we Region Advisory Council, Southern California activist, I have engaged in serving this commu- special occasion, we also extend our gratitude have grown to become exemplary citizens of Association of Governments (1993-1994). nity and my church purposefully with humility, to the United States of America, which the United States of America,” he said, point- –Taleen Babayan

                         

       

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California Honors USC Our Man in Shoah Foundation as They Honor Yom Hashoah Hong Kong LOS ANGELES — The University of Southern California (USC) Shoah Foundation has received a resolution from both houses of the California Legislature on By Artsvi Bakhchinyan Monday that commemorated the Institute’s Special to the Mirror-Spectator 25th anniversary, the same day as an event at the State Capitol in honor Yom HaShoah, YEREVAN/HONG KONG — My interviewee is a day of remembrance for the 6 million Jews ballet dancer and dance teacher Davit killed during the Holocaust. Vardanyan. Originally from Yerevan, he has Lawmakers and general public in lived in Hong Kong for three years. In 1997- Sacramento were also given a demonstration 2003 he studied at the Yerevan Choreography of the Institute’s Dimensions in Testimony College and in 2003-2005 he continued his interactive biography initiative, which studies in Germany with the famous dance enables visitors to ask questions to instructor and Soviet ballet veteran Pyotr Holocaust survivors and instantly receive Pestov. Davit participated in the Bolzano pre-recorded responses. They were also International Dance Competition, where he shown a video that showcased some of the took second place, and became a finalist in the 55,000 testimonies of survivors the Institute Istanbul ballet competition. He has worked in has collected. the Schleswig-Holstein Theater, Stuttgart USC Shoah Foundation Finci-Viterbi Ballet, Dresden Opera, Amsterdam’s National Executive Director Stephen Smith was on Ballet and the Royal Ballet in Antwerp hand during the ceremony. (Belgium). Davit starred in ballet classic reper- “It was remarkable to see the leaders of toire, as well as in modern ballet performances the California State Legislature remember- by Kylián, Forsythe, Neumeier, Cranko, Van ing the Holocaust with dignity and empa- Manen, Ekk, David Dawson and many other thy,” Smith said. “It was heartening to hear famous choreographers. their resolve on countering antisemitism and hate in all its forms. The resolution to insti- tute a Holocaust Memorial Day for California was passed in the presence of Holocaust sur- vivors, taking up the commitment to make the memory and education the duty of future generations.” Governor Gavin Newsom later stopped by a reception for the California Legislative Jewish Caucus and met Smith for a few min- utes. Louise Mara plays the character of Miriam in “The Mouse in the Bread” Sen. Ben Allen, chairman of the California Legislative Jewish Caucus, stressed the importance of Holocaust education. “Unfortunately, we are losing more and Young Filmmaker Wants to more of our teachers, our survivors, our mar- tyrs every year,” he said. “That’s one of the reasons why taping their stories, recording Davit Vardanyan Explore Differences to their stories, remembering the victims, is such an important thing.” Presented by Allen and Assembly member Davit, how did you choose ballet? Create Universal Themes Richard Bloom, Joint Members Resolutions I did not choose: my parents took me (laugh- No. 161 lists several milestones the Institute ing). There was already a dance tradition in our BELMONT, Mass. — Filmmaker Sharisse Zeroonian wants to explore the space accomplished since its founding in 1994, and family. My grandfather Henrik Vardanyan was between identities: Are you Armenian? Geeky? Disabled? Different? concluded by commending it for “its work in one of the founders of the Armenian State “The Mouse in the Bread,” the short film that Zeroonian wrote, directed and countering anti-Semitism, racism, xenopho- Dance Ensemble and the first soloist. My uncle stars in, has been shown several times in the past year in local festivals and bia, and other forms of hate and intolerance, Ashot Vardanyan is also a folk dance artist. So movie theaters. as well as for the key role it is playing in one day, held by my hand, I was taken to chore- From the opening scene, which developing technology to help people foster ography college, to the ballet class, and my fate By Alin K. Gregorian shows the Armenian and American empathy, promote understanding and build was sealed. Staff flags swaying in the wind, we know respect.” Mirror-Spectator And you, like the other brilliant boys from your we are seeing an Armenian family. The ceremony had been planned for some generation, have become pupils of Hovhannes Yet, their ethnicity is not a focal part; time, but came just two days after a deadly Divanyan and Armen Grigoryan, the aces of it is just one aspect of who they are. The narrative follows Lili, played by Zeroonian, attack at a Southern California synagogue Armenian ballet pedagogy. What is the reason as she fits into her family life, living with her parents Miriam and John (played by left one woman dead and others injured. that almost all our international ballet dancers Louise Mara and Alexander Hauck), as well as her extended family. Lili, a high That incident cast a somber mood over the were trained by these two teachers? school senior, is very close to her cousin, Kevork, played by Miguel Velazquez, as event and served as a reminder of the con- First, they are great devotees of their work. well as her grandparents. Everything becomes unhinged, however, when Kevork tinuing importance of fighting antisemitism They gave you so much energy that you become commits a crime. It seems all of a sudden, the gossamer-thin balance is thrown off and all other forms of irrational hatred. engaged in your chosen profession with great for everyone in the family with the arrest. Many lawmakers stopped by to interact love. Unlike today, during our college years “The Mouse in the Bread” was adapted from a short story Zeroonian had written. with Dimensions in Testimony and to ask there was no YouTube and no internet, so we “The characters were people I see in my life, people who struggle with relation- questions of Holocaust survivor Pinchas learned everything from our teachers. Later, ships and lost connections,” Zeroonian explained. Gutter, whose answers were recorded a few when we went abroad, we learned a lot of other Lili is a complicated character, one that seems to have a hard time finding her- years earlier. Among them were Lt. Gov. things. Some of my senior friends who had par- self as well as her place. Eleni Kounalakis and Sen. Holly Mitchell, ticipated in the Lausanne Ballet Competition “Are you crazy or are the people around you crazy? School, the Armenian com- whose 3th Senate District includes USC. said that if we wanted, we could send a video of munity, and not gelling with people,” she said about her main character. Lili, as the “We feel very deeply about the need to our performances, and in case of admission, film progresses, becomes less endearing. make a big push on Holocaust education and continue our education in Europe. I did it, my In addition, she said her characters were created as a result of a “reaction to peo- to make sure young people, regardless of video was approved, and I received offers from ple relying on tropes or stereotypes.” background, understand this atrocity,” said three European ballet schools at the same time. She added that she wanted her characters to be stereotype free and be consid- Assemblymember Jesse Gabriel, vice chair of I consulted comrade Hovhannes and comrade ered “normal, everyday and authentic.” the Legislative Jewish Caucus. “I think some- Armen, and I chose John Cranko’s ballet school “The Mouse in the Bread” is currently available on Amazon Prime and can be times in the Jewish community, we assume in Stuttgart. So I have never danced on the viewed for free. everybody knows about it, but then, as I Armenian stage as I was already out of Armenia She also railed against mass media, when it shows “people of those backgrounds remind my colleagues, there are more at the age of 15. In Yerevan I danced only once and a lot of misconceptions,” showing that a minority family was experiencing every Latinos in California than there are Jews in in 2015, dancing Escamilio in “Carmen.” single thing through that background and could not just experience something. the world. There’s a lot of people who don’t After graduating from Cranko’s school, you One creative force that she can relate to is comedian, writer and actor Aziz Ansari, know our history, who don’t know our story, started dancing at different theaters in whose Netflix series “Master of None” is about an American of Indian extraction, so it’s very important that we elevate the sto- Dresden, Amsterdam and Antwerp, but despite see FILMMAKER, page 15 ries. Pinchas said that. This is a universal les- your successes you did not stay in Europe. son about racism and about the fact that see VARDANIAN, page 14 things can spiral out of control very quickly.” 14 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR ARTS & LIVING Our Man in Hong Kong Time Out Market Adds six New

VARDANIAN, from page 13 during weekends. And despite my very busy I had a different reason to appear in Hong schedule, I feel very good here. I love my job Vendors to its Food Hall Lineup Kong. You know that dancers are often subject and I really enjoy working with children. As I to traumas. While working at the Royal Ballet have mentioned, I am also working in the area BOSTON — It’s been a busy few days of food hall news. in Belgium, I had some problems with my back of cultural management and I have a great Time Out Market just released a second round of vendors that will open at its Fenway so that I was advised to leave dance for good. desire to present Armenian ballet art in this market, right on the heels of High For some time, I was able to dance even with region. Street Place, the food hall scheduled to my injured back, but the problem had to be Yes, it seems that the first steps are being car- open in downtown Boston this fall, solved and I was advised to go to Hong Kong to ried out. Last year, our ballet band traveled to revealing its first round in April. recover my health through Chinese medicine. Malaysia. How do you evaluate their perfor- Six new vendors were announced on Here I danced for a few months and decided mances? Monday morning, ncluding BISq, that it is time to shift to my two other special- Geographically being so close to Malaysia, I Mamaleh’s Delicatessen, George Howell ties — dance education and culture manage- went there, especially taking into consideration Coffee, Revolution Health ment. And so I was invited to teach in one of the fact that my teacher Armen Grigoryan and Kitchen, Gelato & Chill, and chef Hong Kong’s most prestigious ballet schools, SJ his son and my good friend, the Zurich-based Michael Schlow, who will open a sec- Ballet des Arts. dancer Arman Grigoryan, were there. Our ballet ond Italian-inspired vendor in addition So you are the first Armenian in history in the band was invited to present first of all Aram to the Italian vendor he already has dance world of Hong Kong. Is ballet life there Khachaturian’s ballets. For the first time in the planned for the market. Nina and Raffi Festekjian of Anoush e’lla very different from that of Europe? capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, divertimen- Schlow’s second concept will focus If in Europe we had prepared for three weeks tos from the “Gayane” and “Spartacus” ballets, on Roman-style pizza, with pies that for about 15 performances, in Hong Kong we as well as the “Swan Lake” and “Marduk- highlight simple ingredients — think Margherita pizza with imported San Marzano toma- prepare for four performances for two months. Jarduk” ballets were shown. Since Malaysia is toes, fresh mozzarella, and basil, and Pizza Bianca with whipped ricotta, parmigiano, moz- Here, the rhythm is a bit slow. On the other an Islamic state, the concerts were governmen- zarella, and rosemary. hand, Hong Kong, like Armenia, is backward in tal. The princess of Malaysia was present at our Cambridge deli Mamaleh’s will bring its classic sandwiches to Time Out Market, along terms of modern ballet. Here ballet is just a clas- performance. I personally witnessed that there with its smoked fish options and phenomenal pastrami. At BISq, another Cambridge stal- sic, always the same “Swan Lake,” the same were many people present during four wart, chef Alex Saenz will offer expertly curated charcuterie and cheese boards, as well as “Sleeping Beauty”... there are no modern per- evenings, and our performances were very well sandwiches and terrines. Artisan roaster George Howell Coffee will offer a menu of batch- formances at all. received. brewed single farm coffee, micro-lot coffee, seasonal coffee-based mocktails, and pastries and Did you start talking Chinese? Years ago, when our artists presented desserts from Seven Start Bakery and Praline. Only few phrases. There is no need for it “Spartacus” in another Islamic country, in Other new vendors announced include Gelato & Chill, which will offer small-batch gelato because everyone speaks English. By the way, Qatar, the ballerinas were forced to cover flavors like ricotta fig, creamy dark chocolate, and pistachio; and Revolution Health Kitchen, the Europeans who work here, mostly their legs and arms. Did the same thing hap- featuring salads, acai bowls, soups, and fresh juices. Americans, do not receive a warm welcome, but pen in Malaysia? Another new development includes details about Nancy and Tim Cushman’s two Asian because I am Armenian, the attitude towards Fortunately no, there is not much severity concepts that were announced in the first wave of vendors. At Ms. Cluck’s Deluxe Chicken me is very pleasant, although few people know there. & Dumplings, diners will be able to order creative takes on chicken and dumplings, while about the Armenians. Where do you teach now? Gogo Ya will focus on modern Japanese and sushi dishes like crispy nori sushi tacos and Although one of the most prominent figures Last year, while in Yerevan, I suggested my bento bowls. in the history of Hong Kong, was the services and cooperation in ballet education to In addition to the Cushmans, previously announced chefs and restaurants include Armenian state figure and philanthropist the Ministry of Culture of Armenia, but finding chef Tony Maws (who will offer versions of his famous Craigie burger), chef Peter Ungár Khachik Astvatsatoorian, aka Paul Chater, no interest, I came back to Hong Kong. (Tasting Counter), Nina and Raffi Festekjian (Anoush’ella), and Union Square Donuts. who made a great contribution to his develop- Recently I met Angela Ho and Peter Kjaer, big ment... ballet lovers, who invited me to work in their Yes, there is a small Armenian community newly opened Ho Ballet school as dance direc- here. I have met with them once, although there tor. This is a beginning of a new project, so I is no connection, and in general, my time in hope my activity in upcoming years will be con- ASA’s Sixth Annual Journalism Hong Kong is very busy and full. We work even nected to this school. Internship Program Set for 2019

At its recent meeting the Board of Trustees of the Armenian Students’ Association of MIT Armenian Society Pays Tribute to America, Inc. (ASA Inc.) announced it is again sponsoring two internships in journalism in partnership with the and the . Komitas, Tumanyan and Rusinian Armenian Weekly Armenian Mirror-Spectator

CAMBRIDGE, Ma. — The MIT Armenian This year marks yet another anniversary: one Society is organizing an evening to celebrate year ago, peaceful protests in Armenia brought the 150th birth anniversaries of Komitas, one a new democratic government to power. Now of the forefathers of Armenian classical music, the administration promises an economic mira- and Hovhannes Tumanyan, a poet and leading cle driven by reforms in science and education. political activist who coordinated relief efforts At the panel discussion, two Armenian profes- Interns will work under the supervision of either the editorial staff of the or the . Armenian for victims of the Armenian Genocide, along sors at MIT, Daron Acemoglu and Areg Weekly Armenian Mirror-Spectator with the 200th anniversary of Nahapet Danagoulian, will provide their perspectives on “The ASA, Inc. Journalism Internships coupled with its Annual Scholarship Grant Rusinian, a writer whose work was instrumen- the topic “From Inclusive Politics to a Program which awarded $102,000 in grants in the previous couple of years continues its tal in developing the Western branch of the Technologically Advanced Economy: Armenia’s mission of providing financial assistance and professional level opportunities to qualified . Join MIT Armenian Way Forward.” students of Armenian heritage. The ASA, Inc founded in 1910 is the oldest Armenian stu- Society in honoring the memory of these great The program will take place on May 16 at 6 dent organization in the United States,” said Brian Assadourian, Chairman of the ASA Inc. individuals with song and dance performances p.m., at 31 Ames St. in Cambridge. A light din- Board of Trustees in making the announcement. from Siranush Babakhanova, Mary Galstian ner will be served to guests approximately 10 Participants in the six-week internship program will receive a weekly stipend of $150. and Izabell and Natalie Tenekedzhyan. minutes before the start. Interns will work under the supervision of either the editorial staff of the or the . Armenian Weekly Armenian Mirror-Spectator “The Internship provides a valuable opportunity for students of Armenian heritage to Manushag Armenian Children’s Magazine Launched have hands-on experience as a member of the editorial staff of the respective publications” noted Dr. Michael G. Mensoian, a member of the ASA Inc. Board of Trustees who over- HOUSTON, Texas — Manushag sees the program. Armenian Children’s Magazine, a new The and the are two of the lead- publication aimed at children, has been ing English-languageArmenian Weekly newspapers in theArmenian United States Mirror-Spectator and Canada keeping our commu- published, and the first issue is dated nity informed of developments locally as well as in Armenia and the Diaspora through their June 2019. This 32-page magazine will print and online editions. The offices of both papers are located Watertown, be released four times a year with alpha- Massachusetts. bet lessons, history stories, Bible sto- Applications for the ASA Inc. Journalism Internship are now available and may be ries, recipes, coloring pages and more. downloaded by accessing http://www.asainc.org. Applications must be submitted no Subjects addressed include helping chil- later than Friday May 30, 2019. Candidates must have completed at least their sophomore dren become even more excited about year of college by May 2019. Currently enrolled graduate students are also eligible. faith, culture and heritage. The first issue is available for free on the website Since its establishment 106 years ago the Armenian Students’ Association of America, (www.Manushag.org). Inc. has encouraged the educational pursuits of Armenians in the United States by provid- This magazine is created under a ing financial assistance in the form of scholarship grants, professional opportunities 501(c)3 non-profit, and there will be no through internships, and fellowship through social and professional activities. advertising or political messaging. Just good, healthy material for our children to learn and grow. When you sign up, unselect “Ship to my billing address” so that you can put your child’s name in the shipping address. LIKE US ON FACEBOOK S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 15 ARTS & LIVING Filmmaker Wants to Explore Differences to Create Universal Themes

FILMMAKER, from page 13 a family, specifically a mother and daughter. who does not filter everything through his As for dialogue on screen, she said she finds background. Sure he is Indian, but he is also a “The Sopranos” to be tops, as well as the film New Yorker, an actor and a 30-something look- “Good Will Hunting.” ing for love. The 24-year-old Belmont native has also writ- “Dev [Ansari’s character] and his family are ten and direct other short films, including “Well shown as Indian-American but are not a com- Water” in 2017and now she has her sights set plete caricature,” she said. on a TV series. The cast of “Mouse” is diverse, though they Zeroonian received her bachelor’s degree in play Armenians; all were found on Facebook. elementary education from Boston University. “I put out a casting call on Facebook,” she She currently works at an after-school program. said, specifying male and female actors of vari- She was briefly a linguistics major before ous ages. After writing her post, she and her realizing that it did not present a “viable career family got on a flight to Florida for a vacation. path.” “I landed and opened Facebook to find 30 “I am a lot happier because I am getting to be notifications,” she said, with many actors send- creative,” she said. ing videos. She praised her actors as “wonder- To watch “The Mouse in the Bread,” visit the ful,” who not only acted in the film, but in the link https://www.amazon.com/Mouse-Bread- case of a few of them, lent their houses to the Sharisse-Zeroonian/dp/B07PGWHLRV production. Sharisse Zeroonian as Lili, with Alexander Hauck, To make a donation to her fundraising plat- In a recent interview she said that her who plays her father in “The Mouse in the Bread” form for her proposed television project, visit favorite part of the process is writing dialogue. https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/one- As for the “technical stuff” having to do with film- plus-one-is-two-pilot- making, she said, “I learned it because I had to.” The TV adaptation is set in the present day, when episode?fbclid=IwAR1i33B7tQcps73Pmr0CPo8 There is lots of dialogue between parents and the former child has a husband and grown daugh- -iZBVcwqF955c9JPM9lm6k0SyouNLi5oolKs#/ children, as well as people within a community ter and is writing a story about her. as well as outside it. Also addressed are learn- “The show is about being a real person and mak- ing disabilities, a theme to which Zeroonian is ing real mistakes. Parents and children plan to do returning now. better, step back and readjust,” she said. Armenian Night at Pops to “I primarily consider myself a writer,” she Zeroonian characterized her script as a mix of said. Her most recent project which she hopes comedy and drama. Feature Debut Appearances to complete for television, is based on a play she One influence on this project is “A Woman wrote in high school. The project is called “One under the Influence” by John Cassavetes, about Sharisse Zeroonian By Cellist Navasardian, Plus One Is Two.” The original play, she a woman who is acting increasing bizarre and explained, took place in the 1960s was about a her concerned husband tries to get her help at Conductor Bairos woman who grew up with learning difficulties. an asylum. BOSTON — The Friends of Armenian Now, for the TV pilot, as an adult, she is cam- “He [Cassavetes] is tiring to see if the woman actress, playwright and director who in 2017 Culture Society (FACS) will present the paigning for special needs students in public is mentally ill,” she said. “This is the same idea.” received much acclaim and three Academy 68th annual Armenian Night at the Pops schools, in essence, “avenging the way she was “I really enjoyed his work,” she added. Award nominations for writing and directing on Friday, June 14 at 8 p.m. treated as a kid.” Another influence is Greta Gerwig, an “Lady Bird.” The film is about the dynamics of The featured soloist will be the young and enormously talented cellist Laura Navasardian of New York. At age 15, Navasardian will be the second youngest emerg- ing artist to per- form with the Boston Pops. She Recipe will join Jacomo Bairos, who will be having his own debut at Boston’s Guest Recipe storied Symphony Corner Hall. Navasardian Laura Navasardian will perform Tchaikovsky’s Pezzo Capriccioso for cello and orchestra, by Christine Vartanian Datian as well as The Swan from the Carnival of Animals by Camille Saint-Saens. Navasardian won the first prize at Armenian Toorshi – Picked Cremona International Music Competition in Italy in 2014. She was also the top prize winner at the 2016 New York Music Vegetable Medley Competition as well as the 2016 Grand Recipe, history and photo courtesy of http://www.thegutsygourmet.net/toorshi.html Prize Virtuoso Competition in Salzburg, Austria. She has performed at Carnegie This traditional recipe was handed down to the late Buzz Baxter Weill Recital Hall as a guest performer and by his Aunt, Dickie Paul, in Fresno, CA. This delicious medley of winner of American Fine Arts Festival. She pickled vegetables is a popular condiment throughout the performed on numerous occasions at the Mediterranean and the Middle East. Weill Recital Hall and Merkin Concert Hall For this recipe: use cabbage, cauliflower, garlic, green beans, in New York; Auditorium Museo Del carrots, sun-chokes, onions, peppers, okra, broccoli, Armenian Violino with the Festival Orchestra in cucumbers or whatever you have. Cremona, and Saal Mozarteum in Salzburg. INGREDIENTS As winner of the Kaufman Music Center 9 cups water Concerto Competition, Navasardian per- 7 cups distilled white vinegar formed a concerto with Kaufman Music 1/2 cup pickling salt, (Kosher salt or other non-iodized salt) Center Orchestra at Merkin Hall in 2018, 1/2 to 1 1/2 tablespoons sugar depending on sweetness desired conducted by Nathan Hetherington and 2-3 whole cloves garlic appeared with 92Y School of Music 2-3 hot dried chiles Orchestra under conductor Tomo Matsuo at the Y92 Centennial concert in New Whole cloves, dill, tarragon, and or basil (optional) York. Cabbage (cored and quartered) The evening’s program will also include Carrots (cut in 3 inch rounds or quartered and cut into 2-3 inch lengths) “A Symphonic Journey” with the Boston Cauliflower (cut into florets) Pops performing favorite orchestral works Celery stalks (cut into 2-3 inch pieces) and anthems originating from European Small white onions (skinned and left whole) composers, put in context by Rick Steves, PREPARATION America’s leading authority on European Prepare the vegetables in the desired amount of each and place in a large covered jar or crock and pour the liquid and spices over the veg- travel. The concert will conclude with etables. Stir occasionally for about three weeks when pickles are ready to eat. Serve chilled. Beethoven’s Ode to Joy (Europe’s official Serves 4-6. anthem), paying homage to continent’s motto of “United in Diversity.” Note: Fermented cabbage called for in some Armenian recipes, e.g., Bitliszee Tutoo, is prepared much in the same way as above. Tickets for this concert are available from www.FACSBoston.org. 16 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR ARTS & LIVING CC AA LENDARLENDAR

MASSACHUSETTSARIZONA Brattle Street, Cambridge. Join us to sample authentic Jaffarian Hall, 158 Main Street, No. Andover. Serving all cuisine from 9 countries: Armenia, Iran/Persia, Lebanon, day. Lamb Shish Kebab, Chicken & Losh Kebab, Kheyma, NOVEMBER 2-3 — ARMENIAFest at St. Apkar Greece, France, Russia, Brazil, China and Italy. Donation: Vegetarian plates. Pastry, Boregs, Choreg, Khadaif, Armenian Apostolic Church. Weekend food and cul- $15 adults; $10 children 12 and under. Tickets on sale at Paklava, Gift Table, Country Kitchen, White Elephant, tural festival featuring traditional Armenian foods, bever- the door. For further information, contact the Holy Trinity 50/50 Raffles and much more.... Take out available. Call ages, exhibits, music and dance performances. 8849 E. Church Office, 617.354.0632. the Church @ 978-685-5038 Ann @978-521-2245 or Cholla St., Scottsdale. MAY 30 — Annual Spring Dinner and Drawing spon- Sossy @ 978-256-2538 NOVEMBER 16 — SOAR (Society for Orphaned sored by the Friends of Holy Trinity 1000 Club, JUNE 28 – July 10 – St. James Armenian Church 7th Armenian Relief) Annual Golf Tournament. Saturday 6:30pm, Charles and Nevart Talanian Cultural Hall, Holy Pilgrimage to Armenia. Led by Fr. Arakel Aljalian. Join 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. Stonecreek Golf Club, 4435 E. Paradise Trinity Armenian Church of Greater Boston, 145 Brattle us and Discover the Land of our Ancestors. All are wel- Village Pkway, Phoenix. This is a fundraising event for St., Cambridge. Open to all. You don’t have to be a mem- come. Registration deposits due March 1; Full Payment Armenian orphans. For more information, contact Dr. ber of the 1000 Club to join us for a delicious losh kebab due April 1. For full details visit www.stjameswater- Alan Haroian, 603-540-1961. and pilaf dinner, $9.99 per person; tickets on sale at the town.org/ armenia. door. Regular monthly raffle drawing at 8 p.m., plus 5 JULY 5 — Armenian Church of Cape Cod presents Third MASSACHUSETTSCALIFORNIA $25 door prizes. “One-time” numbers will be sold on the Annual Kef Time - Dinner & Dancing Friday, 6 to 11:30 night of dinner; special offer: purchase five “one-time” p.m. at The Cape Club, 125 Falmouth Woods Road, MAY 4 and MAY 5 — 2nd Feminist Armenian Studies numbers for $20, save $5. For further info, contact the North Falmouth. Chicken Kebab & Losh Kebab dinner Workshop: Gendering Resistance and Revolution, at Holy Trinity Church Office, 617.354.0632, or log onto Leon Janikian band with special appearance by Harry the University of California, Irvine. Co-sponsored by the www.htaac.org/calendar/event/696/. Minassian and a DJ $65/person, children 7 to 14 $15 For National Association for Armenian Studies and Research JUNE 1 — Armenian Food Festival, Saturday, 11:30 a.m. to tickets/tables contact Andrea Barber (617)201-9807 (NAASR)/Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Lecture Series 6:30 p.m., Armenian Church at Hye Pointe, 1280 Boston Road, JULY 17 — Tea and Tranquility. Armenian Heritage Park on Contemporary Armenian Topics. Haverhill. Chicken, Losh Kebab, Kheyma, and Dolma Dinners. on The Greenway, Boston. Wednesday from 4:30-6 MAY 5 — Mathew Karanian, “The Armenian Highland: Armenian Cuisine featuring Spinach Pie, Lahmajoon, Cheese p.m. Meet & Greet. Walk the Labyrinth. Enjoy refreshing Western Armenia and the First Armenian Republic of Beoreg, and more. Pastries Paklava, Kadayif, Cheoreg and ice teas, hosted by MEM Tea Imports and dessert. 1918,” 4 p.m.at the Ararat-Eskijian Museum, 15105 morePlus Activities for the Children, White Elephant Table, Gift Introduction to walking the labyrinth, mindful and medi- Mission Hills Road, Mission Hills, CA. Co-sponsored by Basket Raffles. tative walking at 4:45pm. RSVP appreciated hello@arme- the Ararat-Eskijian Museum, Kharpert Cultural JUNE 3 — St James Men’s Club Dinner Meeting - social nianheritagepark.org Association, and the National Association for Armenian hour and mezza at 6:15 PM and dinner at 7:00 PM, AUGUST 14 — Tea and Tranquility. Armenian Heritage Studies and Research (NAASR). St James Armenian Church Charles Mosesian Cultural Park on The Greenway, Boston. Wednesday from MAY 19 — The Tekeyan Cultural Association of the United and Youth Center - Keljik Hall, 465 Mt. Auburn Street, 4:30-6 p.m. Meet & Greet. Walk the Labyrinth. Enjoy States and Canada Presents the 2019 North American tour Watertown. Guest will be Michael Zildjian, author, pod- refreshing Ice Teas, hosted by MEM Tea Imports and of the VEM Ensemble of the UCLA Herb Albert School of caster, and speaker. Zildjian is a Watertown native and dessert. Introduction to walking the labyrinth, mindful Music, Danielle Segen, mezzo-soprano, Ji Eun Hwang, violin 1, former AGBU student. His Zilosophy platform leads con- and meditative walking at 4:45pm. RSVP appreciated Aiko Richter, violin 2, Morgan O’Shaughnessey, viola, Jason versations which teach self-awareness and honest self- [email protected] Pegis, cello. 7:30 p.m. Tekeyan Cultural Association Los Angeles evaluation with the goal of helping people make AUGUST 22 — Under the August Moon. Armenian Chapter Cosponsored with Abril Bookstore, 415 E. Broadway, informed choices that allow them to bring their best to Heritage Park on The Greenway, Boston. Thursday Glendale. Introductory remarks by Artistic Director Professor whatever they do. He will lead a discussion based on from 7:30– 9 p.m. Delightful evening for supporters, Movses Pogossian. Performing a world premiere of Tekeyan what it means to be the best Armenians we can be for partners & friends featuring fabulous signature dishes, songs by the Los Angeles-based composer Artashes Kartalyan, our community and our world. Mezza and a Losh Kebab hosted by anoush’ella and the Berklee Jazz Trio. RSVP commissioned by the Tekeyan Cultural Association, and master- & Kheyma Dinner $17/person. Ladies invited. For addi- appreciated [email protected] works by Komitas, Khachaturian, Mirzoyan, Hovhannes, and tional information call the St James Church office at 617- SEPTEMBER 16 — Registration is now open for the Schubert. Tekeyan Cultural Association, Pasadena-Glendale 923-8860 or call Hapet Berberian at 781-367-6598. 2019-2020 sessions of the Abaka Dance Academy, Chapter, TCA Beshgeturian Center, 1901 North Allen Ave., JUNE 6 — First Thursdays: Jazz at the Armenian 101 Bigelow Ave., Watertown, MA. Principal/director Altadena. For more information, email [email protected]. Museum of America, Watertown, 6–7 pm: Gallery Apo Ashjian. Classes begin September 16 for grades hours will be extended until 7 pm for guest to explore the Nursery II - Grade 10 students. Check the schedule and MASSACHUSETTS Museum. 7 pm: Reception in the Adele & Haig Der enroll today at www.abakadanceacademy.com. For more Manuelian galleries, 3rd floor. 7:30–9:30 pm: The Black info, email [email protected] or call 617- MAY 11 — Holy Trinity Armenian Church Presents Sea Salsa Band 283-2010. “Battle of the Bands,” 7 p.m., doors open; 7:45 p.m., JUNE 6 — First Thursdays: Jazz at the Armenian SEPTEMBER 18 – SAVE THE DATE! InterContinental music and dancing, Charles and Nevart Talanian Cultural Museum, Thursday, 8–10 p.m. Armenian Museum of Hotel, Boston. Extraordinary Benefit for Armenian Hall, Holy Trinity Armenian Church of Greater Boston, America, Watertown. Featuring The Black Sea Salsa Heritage Park’s Endowed Fund for Care. 145 Brattle St., Cambridge. All are welcome to join us for Band. More details coming soon! SEPTEMBER 22 — Sunday Afternoon for Families and a night filled with vibrant music, great food and dancing. JUNE 12 — Tea and Tranquility. Armenian Heritage Friends. Armenian Heritage Park on The Greenway, Featuring the musical styles of Classic Groove (R & B, Park on The Greenway, Boston. Wednesday from 4:30 Boston. 2:00pm-4:00pm. Wonderful afternoon with The Soul, Motown, Jazz), Hye-Kef-G Band (Armenian) and p.m. -6 p.m. Meet & Greet. Walk the Labyrinth. Enjoy Hye Guys Ensemble featuring Ron Sahatjian and Joe Black Sea Salsa (Salsa, Latin American). Saturday. refreshing Ice Teas, hosted by MEM Tea Imports and Kouyoumjian. Hoodsies, Face Painting and more RSVP Donation: $40 per person, includes dinner buffet from dessert. Introduction to walking the labyrinth, mindful appreciated [email protected] each genre of music. Cash bar available all night. Tickets and meditative walking at 4:45pm. RSVP appreciated OCTOBER 19 — The Vosbikians are coming to the can be purchased at the door or by calling the Holy Trinity [email protected] Merrimack Valley. The Armenian Friends of America Church Office, 617.354.0632, by May 3. Tables of 8 can JUNE 13 — SAVE THE DATE. Film Screening: proudly present their Annual HYE KEF 5 Dance, featur- be reserved with payment in advance. For further infor- “Motherland” At the Armenian Museum in ing The Vosbikians. The DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel, mation, log onto www.htaac.org/calendar/event/694/. Watertown. Cosponsored by the Armenian International Andover, MA. Tickets Purchased before 9/13/19 will MAY 13 — Trinity Men’s Union 10th Annual Tavloo Women’s Association (AIWA). Thursday. More details include the Great Venue, Outstanding Buffet, The Tournament and Dinner, Monday, 6:15 p.m., Social coming soon! Vosbikian Band and 5 Free Raffle Tickets Adults $75.00 Hour and Dinner, Charles and Nevart Talanian Cultural JUNE 14 — The Friends of Armenian Culture Society & Students 21 & under $65 Specially priced AFA Rooms Hall, Holy Trinity Armenian Church of Greater Boston, presents the 68th annual Armenian Night at the available through 9/17/19. For Tickets and more infor- 145 Brattle St., Cambridge. Open to all. Donation for Pops, featuring cellist Laura Navasardian as soloist with mation, Contact: Lu Sirmaian 978-683-9121 or Sharke’ Losh Kebab and Kheyma dinner is $15 per person. RSVP the Boston Pops Orchestra. Symphony Hall, Boston. 8 Der Apkarian at 978-808-0598 Visit www.Armenia- requested by May 10 to the Holy Trinity Church Office, pm. For tickets and information, visit FriendsofAmerica.org 617.354.0632, or email [email protected]. Tavloo http://www.FACSBoston.org. NOVEMBER 16 — St. Stephen’s Armenian Elementary Tournament to follow dinner; entry fee, $5. All levels wel- JUNE 17-AUGUST 16 – Abaka Dance Academy, School 35th Anniversary Celebration. 6:30 PM come. To sign up, please contact David Dorian attmuh- Summer Program for ages 5-12, with principal/direc- Cocktail Reception, 7:30 PM Dinner and Program. The [email protected] or call 617.501.4300. For further infor- tor Apo Ashjian at 101 Bigelow Ave., Watertown. Arts Westin Waltham - Boston, MA $150 per person. mation, log onto www.htaac.org/calendar/event/692/ and crafts, Indoor games, Sports, Music, Dance, Free T- MAY 15 — The Tekeyan Cultural Association and the shirts, Friday pizza and more. Weekly sessions at NEW JERSEY Armenian General Benevolent Union will present a liter- $250/week, begin June 17 - August 16, 8 am - 3 pm. ary evening with writer Aris Janigian, author of Waiting for Late stay available. Register at www.abakadanceacade- MAY 18 — St. Nersess Armenian Seminary invites you Lipchitz at Chateau Marmont, Bloodvine and Riverbig, my.com. For more information, email abakadanceacade- to Hope & Gratitude, a celebration honoring among others, with discussant author, poet and editor [email protected] or call 617-283-2010. Archbishop Khajag Barsamian and Bishop-elect V. Rev. Susan Barba. 7.30 p.m., AGBU Building, 247 Mount Auburn JUNE 27 — Under a Strawberry Moon. Armenian Fr. Daniel Findikyan. 6:30pm. Old Tappan Manor, Old Street. Free, reception to follow. Books will be on sale. Heritage Park on The Greenway, Boston. Thursday at Tappan, NJ. $150pp. For reservations and booklet dona- MAY 19 — Concert at the Armenian Museum. Concert to 8:30 p.m. Meet & Greet. Moonlit Labyrinth Walk. tions, please contact Mrs. Lynn Beylerian, event co-chair, celebrate the 150th anniversary of the birth of Komitas Luscious Chocolate Dipped Strawberries, hosted by vicki at 201-914-0354 or [email protected]. More info Vardapet and poet Hovhaness Tumanyan. Sunday, 2-4 p.m. lee’s and refreshing Ice Teas, hosted by MEM Tea Imports at www.stnersess.edu. MAY 19 — “International Food Festival – A Taste of the and the fabulous Berklee Jazz Trio. RSVP appreciated OCTOBER 25 — Honoring Dr. Taner Akçam. Abajian World,” presented by the Women of Holy Trinity, [email protected] Hall St. Leon Armenian Complex, Fair Lawn. Holy Trinity Armenian Church of Greater Boston, 12:30- JUNE 22 —Armenian Food Fair, 11 a.m. -7 p.m., St. Sponsored by Knights and Daughters of Vartan, Under 2:30 p.m., Charles and Nevart Talanian Cultural Hall, 145 Gregory Armenian Apostolic Church Ladies Guild. the Auspices of Primate Very Rev. Fr. Daniel Findikyan. S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 17 COMMENTARY

COMMENTARY Mirror Arms Race and Rhetoric Escalate Spectator In Felgenhauer added that he believes that with the addition of By Edmond Y. Azadian these new weapons, Armenia can wage a successful war against Azerbaijan, but those weapons must be used with caution, since Azerbaijan is equipped with Zenith missiles to EstablishedEstablished 1932 1932 As US battleships are deployed closer to the Persian Gulf which this model warplane is vulnerable. An ADLAn Publication ADL Publication to escalate tensions with Iran, the Caucasus region has Other analysts believe that the Kremlin’s decision to arm already become a powder keg because of regional rivalry as Armenia with that grade of military aircraft was not alto- well as ancient scores yet unsettled. gether altruistic; in fact, John Bolton’s offer to the latter to The Trump administration is pursuing a dual goal in pres- buy arms from the US was one of the motivations behind the suring Iran, Israel’s archenemy: to offer additional favors to upgrade. EDITOR Alin K. Gregorian his friend, Benjamin Netanyahu (in addition to the gift of The verbal agreement reached between Azeri President Golan Heights) and second to punish Iran for its strategic and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan ASSISTANT EDITOR partnership with Russia. in Dushanbe has significantly reduced the cases of ceasefire Aram Arkun Within the context of that global development, the violations along the border, but it has not eliminated them Caucasus is dominated by unrest, political ploys and a real completely. ART DIRECTOR Marc Mgrditchian potential for a conflagration. “Ceasefire violations targeting the borders of Artsakh and Turkey is a major player in all these developments, both in Armenia will continue as long as there is no peace agreement the Caucasus as well as the greater region. It is a partner to restrain Azerbaijan,” said Maj. General Astvatsatur with Russia and Iran in the Syrian battlefield It is, at the Petrosyan, the commander of the Eagle Bombers Squad, same time, an antagonist of Iran when it comes to the latter’s recently, calling for an active engagement by the neighboring SENIOR EDITORIAL COLUMNIST: friendship with Armenia and its tacit war with Azerbaijan. countries. Edmond Y. Azadian As the noose is tightened around Russia by the US and “Unless there is an agreement signed by five to six Europe, the Kremlin has found temporary relief in its bud- nations,” he added, including Turkey, Azerbaijan, Russia, CONTRIBUTORS: ding friendship with Turkey. Turkey, technically a North Georgia and Iran, “the situation will be fraught with haz- Florence Avakian, Dr. Haroutiun Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) member, is undermin- ards.” Arzoumanian, Philippe Raffi Kalfayan, ing US plans to pressure Russia and Iran by buying arms It is mostly improbable that all those countries might come Philip Ketchian, Kevork Keushkerian, from Russia as well as oil from Iran. together for a common cause, and not particularly for Harut Sassounian, Hagop Vartivarian, Where does Armenia stand in this ever-changing scenario? Armenia; each has its own agenda and priorities, and Naomi Zeytoonian Armenia’s major problem is with CORRESPONDENTS: Azerbaijan and Turkey, both Armenia - Hagop Avedikian wooed by and placated by the Boston - Nancy Kalajian West and Russia, and each moti- Los Angeles - Taleen Babayan vated by their own selfish inter- Berlin - Muriel Mirak-Weissbach ests. Contributing Photographers: Negotiations with Azerbaijan Jirair Hovsepian have led nowhere, nor will they yield any tangible results in the foreseeable future. Just as the Eurasian The Armenian Mirror-Spectator is published Economic Union (EEU) coun- weekly, except two weeks in July and the first tries were holding their regular week of the year, by: meeting in Yerevan, in the pres- Baikar Association, Inc. ence of Russian Prime Minister 755 Mt. Auburn St., Watertown, MA 02472-1509 Dmitry Medvedev, Turkey and Telephone: 617-924-4420 Azerbaijan planned war games FAX: 617-924-2887 on Armenia’s borders, under the www.mirrorspectator.com code name Mustafa Kemal, to E-Mail: [email protected] remind all the neighboring For advertising: [email protected] nations of Turkey’s pan- Turanian ambitions. Political analysts believed that Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev was not in the mood to participate in that provocative SUBSCRIPTION RATES : action but he was prodded by Ankara to change his mind. This demonstrates that the U.S.A. $80 a year temporary lull in the Russian- Turkish rivalry is the result of expediency, a ploy to boost Armenia most certainly figures at the bottom of their lists. Canada $125 a year Turkey’s stand against Washington for more concessions and They have built alliances and have developed economic pro- Other Countries $190 a year to revive its sluggish economy rather than a result of any real jects circumventing Armenia. Only a compelling political rea- philosophical change. Deep down, Turkey remains a staunch son may gather them together. NATO ally subscribing to its philosophy, strategy and mili- Armenia’s major trading partner is Russia. From all indi- tary goals. cations, it is obvious that relations with Russia have been © 2014 The Armenian Mirror-Spectator The reasons behind Turkey’s insistence on buying Russian fully restored after a shaky start. Russia frowns at Armenia’s Periodical Class Postage Paid at Boston, MA S-400 defense missiles remain something of a mystery, in relations with NATO but tolerates them because it is clear and additional mailing offices. view of the fact that the purchase may result in the can- they will lead nowhere, whereas in the case of Georgia, ten- ISSN 0004-234X celling of its contract with the US for F-35 war planes, which sions continue. The earlier defiance of Russia by Tbilisi cost would make the Turkish air force the strongest among all the Georgia some territorial losses but the Georgians are still countries in the Middle East, including Israel. defiant. Just recently, the country’s new president, Salome POSTMASTER: Send address changes to The With the regime change in Armenia, relations with Russia Zurabishvili, continuing the previous regime’s foreign policy, Armenian Mirror-Spectator, 755 Mount Auburn St., Watertown, MA 02472 were strained originally but recent moves by both parties has announced that there is no reason for NATO to refrain Other than the editorial, views and opinions indicate that they at least remain on a workable level. from building a military base in Georgia. That is exactly the expressed in this newspaper do not necessarily Moscow’s decision to replace the aging MIG fighters at the policy to whip the Kremlin into a frenzy. Should there be a reflect the policies of the publisher. Erebuni airbase near Yerevan offered a welcome relief for mil- flare up between Russia and Georgia, Armenia will suffer a itary planners in Armenia. Russia will be supplying more serious economic blow, since most of Armenia’s trade passes advanced SU-30mm aircraft which will enhance Armenia’s through Georgia. airpower against Azerbaijan. Armenia itself is engaged in an economic revolution after According to military analyst Pavel Felgenhauer, Russia the Velvet Revolution. The US has pledged generous assis- Copying for other than personal use or has been boosting Armenia’s military capability, not neces- tance. It remains up to the new government to make good on internal reference is prohibited without sarily against Azerbaijan, but as part of its global plan of con- its promises and benefit fully from US support and develop express permission of the copyright taining NATO and in this case, its vanguard member Turkey, its own economic infrastructure. owner. Address requests for reprints or which may switch sides any time. The military expert believes Azerbaijan is restless because the status quo is not in its back issues to: that Russia has no intention of getting into a war with favor. Nor is the passage of time helping it. Azerbaijan, where it has so many valuable assets. Moscow Unless a popular revolution, like the ones that hit Armenia Baikar Association, Inc. presented proof of this reluctance in the 2016 April War and Georgia, takes care of Aliyev’s authoritarian regime, 755 Mt. Auburn St., Watertown, MA 02472- when Azerbaijan attacked Armenia without provocation. Azerbaijan will continue its bellicose posture and threats. 1509 18 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR COMMENTARY Learning Armenian in the Fourth Generation

Armenians didn’t speak Armenian and some did. And I’m not learning the language. By the end of the two years, I could read, By Harry A. Kezelian talking about those who were completely assimilated and forgot write, and speak Armenian at something like an elementary about being Armenian. I mean those who, like my parents and school level. their friends, remained extremely active in the Armenian com- I continued my education. I was fortunate to find my grand- One of the most controversial issues in the Armenian com- munity. It happened this way. Those who had come to America father’s Armenian Saturday School textbook, and I was even munity in America is the use of the Armenian language. This early on, including many survivors, gave birth to a generation of more fortunate that it was Roupen Zartarian’s reader very newspaper was founded in 1932 to cater to the English- children born in the US in the 1920s - my grandparents’ genera- Meghraked. Unlike most Armenian children’s textbooks, this speaking generation of Armenians who were born in America, tion. Having immigrant Armenian parents who didn’t speak used colorful yet simple language, was written by a major liter- because they were unable to read the Armenian-language news- English very well, for the most part they grew up speaking only ary figure, and because it was written before the Genocide it had papers such as Baikar. Yet, in places like Lebanon and Syria, Armenian in the house. They didn’t learn English until they went a historical value that made it very interesting to me. Since I was speaking, reading, and writing Armenian is a prerequisite for to kindergarten. Of course, in the 1930s there was no such thing a history buff, and since my family hadn’t really read Armenian membership in the community — not to mention in Armenia, as an Armenian day school or kindergarten in the States. since the 1920s, my identification with the Armenian language where it is the official language. Many Armenians who have Apparently, the culture shock that ensued when they first had to was tied in not with the Diaspora, but with pre-1915 Anatolia. immigrated to the US from Armenia or the Middle Eastern coun- learn English was a bad experience for them. They were called Zartarian was born in Kharpert (where two of my great-grand- tries in the past 40 years seem to think that one who does not “foreigners” and insulting names, and made to feel like lesser peo- parents were born) and considered a member of the “provincial” speak Armenian is no Armenian at all. We heard this claim not ple by the dominant WASP society. When they grew up and had school of Western Armenian literature. His numerous old-fash- only from them, but also from their American-born children, who kids of their own in the 1950s, their hurt Armenian pride made ioned words, and his short folktales written in verse with some have been fortunate enough to learn Armenian from their par- them, like me, defiant to the outside world and they plunged dialect and Turkish words and folk song-like rhymes enthralled ents. themselves into Armenian community life. But they didn’t want me. And I was ecstatic when I found a reference to the Tamzara, When I was young, I heard some Armenian-speaking children their children to feel like “foreigners” as they had, so the vast written by someone who undoubtedly witnessed that old my age refer to people like me as soods (fakes). This seemed to majority, active or not, chose not to speak Armenian to their chil- Western Armenian folk dance many times in its original form on primarily revolve around our inability to speak Armenian. I did dren in the home. They wanted to prove they were genuine its home soil. not know the Armenian language growing up, other than the bits Americans, but at the same time, they were loyal to most of the My next challenge was to gain better fluency in conversation. and pieces that were used in our home. Words like gatig, choor, other Armenian traditions, in particular, the church. In this way At the same time, I had decided to train to become a subdeacon misig, havgit, bachig, anoushig, hokis, and phrases like parev, my parents and their generation grew up in a happy, loving under the head deacon at St. John’s, Onnig Boyajian. Deacon inchbes es, and khent es inch es were in my vocabulary, but that Armenian-American environment although they spoke English as Onnig, upon seeing that I could read Armenian well, was delight- was about all, and I knew that some of this was baby-talk. I knew their native tongue. I should note that due to the immigration ed to take me on. Since I addressed him in Armenian almost that my Armenian name was Haroutiun and this was stressed to quotas in place from 1924-1965, growing up in the 1960s, there from the beginning, he would speak to me during our lessons or me a great deal, as it was an inherited family name. We were were few Armenians coming in from other countries, and there- during badarak almost exclusively in Armenian. His Armenian, raised as Armenians — myself and all of my first cousins — in the fore there were very few people my parents’ age who did speak spoken in a deliberate Bolsetsi accent, was easier to understand active Armenian community of Detroit. We were proud to be Armenian. Not knowing Armenian was considered normal. And than that of many others. My conversational skills were improv- Armenian by descent, attended Sunday School and St. John’s so, when they raised me and my generation, they attempted to ing so much that when I briefly attended Seminary, some of the Armenian Church, and ate home-cooked Armenian food. We do it the same way their parents had raised them. The only prob- other students, born in Jerusalem and able to speak fluent went to Armenian festivals, bazaars, dances, and weddings at lem was, in the meantime tons of Armenian refugees had poured Armenian a mile a minute (which I could barely understand), which Armenian music was played. When we got to be the right in from the Middle East, and they were having kids too. Those commented to me that “Inchkan makoor hayeren ge khosis” age, we learned to dance Armenian line dances. We were taught kids were my age, and though they were lucky enough to learn (What clean Armenian you speak!) our family history, what towns in Turkey we were from (Fenesse, Armenian from their parents, some of them also inherited the The most recent stage in my Armenian-language learning has Kharpert, and Sepasdia), and how great-grandma survived 1915. idea that those who hadn’t were sood. As the group with been to tackle real literature. The first book I chose to read was Our parents were dues-paying Church members, Sunday School American-born parents grew up alongside the group with foreign- Aykegoutk (the Vintage) by Peniamin Noorigian. This is by no teachers, choir singers and generally active members of the born parents, the cultural clash was inevitable. means a world-renowned book, but it is very, very good writing. Armenian community. But the only people in the family who I further learned that the concept of Armenians who didn’t I chose it because Noorigian was one of the few writers who had spoke fluent Armenian were our grandparents and their genera- speak Armenian didn’t start in America. I found out that in been born in the Old Country and grown up there long enough tion. Our parents were born in America, and our grandparents Ottoman Turkey, there were whole towns, villages, and regions to really understand its lifestyle before the Genocide, but had were born in America. Our great-grandparents, most of whom where the Armenians only spoke Turkish. Kayseri (Gesaria) was also immigrated to America around the same time as my great- were deceased, had been born in “the Old Country,” before the notorious for this, as was Yozghat. These were two backgrounds grandparents, and wrote his book in this country afterward. Genocide. In other words, we were typical fourth-generation, that were common among my fourth-generation peers in Detroit. Unlike some other more political writers, Noorigian impressed Armenian-American children. The idea that we were “not Nobody in the old country had suggested that Armenians from me because he had founded the first and only independent Armenian” didn’t cross our minds for a minute, until we encoun- Gesaria were not real Armenians because they didn’t speak the Armenian literary journal in the United States, Nor Kir, which tered those who made this claim based on our language skills. language. They knew very well they were Armenian and they lasted a little over 15 years. He seemed to be a man who thought I, for one, ignored those who didn’t consider me “really” were devout members of the Armenian Church. They too, were for himself and did not blindly follow the tenets of ideology. At Armenian. I didn’t know why they were wrong, but I knew they murdered in the Genocide. But the most irritating piece of infor- the same time, he was steeped in tradition, being the favorite stu- were wrong. Later I learned the historical reasons. But this essay mation was this: the majority of the Armenian population of dent of the father of provincial literature, Tlgadintsi, whose is about learning Armenian, and indeed I did learn Armenian. Lebanon and Syria hailed from Cilicia, and most of the works he compiled and published in Boston in 1927. My great- My reasons for learning it had little to do with the shaming that Armenian urban communities in Cilicia were Turkish-speaking, grandfather was from the same village as Noorigian (Hussenig, me and my friends sometimes received for not speaking such as Adana, Aintab, and so on, and others spoke unintelligi- Kharpert), and when I found out he had donated to the Armenian, because although I was shy and lacking in social ble dialects from places like Zeitoun and Kessab. They didn’t Tlgadintsi book, I was sold. skills, I was nevertheless an adamant defender of my own pride speak this language in the Old Country, they learned it in Beirut. Reading Noorigian was difficult but enjoyable. I was fortunate and that of my family and friends. The reason I wanted to learn In truth, it is an amazing accomplishment of the Lebanese and that by this time, the well-known website Nayiri was up and run- Armenian was simply because I knew it was our ancestral lan- Syrian Armenian communities that they were able to form a ning and I could find the meaning of an Armenian word in a mat- guage, because my grandmother and some of my aunts spoke it strong Armenian school system and teach Standard Western ter of seconds, though I often had to use the dialect dictionary. and I wanted to be able to also, because we had old books writ- Armenian to this group of people who almost all spoke only Noorigian’s book was basically a collection of unrelated short ten in the language, and just because I wanted to know as much Turkish or some rural dialect. They actually revived a language stories about his childhood in Hussenig. But the writing! How as possible about our heritage. Undoubtedly, being a book lover in the Diaspora, which defies all odds. But unfortunately, this can I describe it? It was fresh like springtime. It was like dew also made a difference. And so, I began my journey. seems to have been partially accomplished by shaming those sprinkled on countryside grass in the morning. It was full of dif- There was a time at a very young age when I had some kind who didn’t speak Armenian, for example with the slogan ficult dialect words, but looking these up and learning their of bizarre assumption that since all the older people in my fam- “Turkeren khosoghin, hayeren badaskhaneh.” This not only led meaning was a pleasure for me. These words were always inter- ily spoke Armenian, I would one day speak Armenian too at their to conflict when the Lebanese Armenians later migrated to esting: Noorigian does not deal in big formalistic words, but for- age. When I realized that this was not true, I asked my parents America, but it was historically inaccurate. How could a gotten dialect and slang that is poetic and beautiful and reeks of to teach me Armenian. They replied that they didn’t really know Lebanese Armenian claim that only the Armenian speakers were the countryside and the small towns. And in his writing, I always the language. Then I asked my grandparents to teach me. They real Armenians, when their own grandparents spoke nothing heard the voice of a 12-year-old boy, as wise as a child can be, said they had no idea how to teach it, they just spoke it casual- but Turkish? Were their grandparents Turks, then? And on top but not yet corrupted by adulthood. If Noorigian had any youth- ly. And that is how I became possibly the only child in Armenian- of that, they were saying this to the Armenian-Americans, most ful love affairs or mischievous adventures, he left that out of the American history to ask my parents to send me to Armenian of whose grandparents came from the provinces of Kharpert, book. He spoke in the innocent but wise voice of a twelve-year- school. In the one year that I took weekly Armenian classes (age Sepastia, and Dikranagerd, all solidly Armenian speaking areas, old, happy in his life in the Armenian countryside (though occa- 12-13), I learned the alphabet, and nothing else. I could read Kharpert dialect being one of the closest to “standard.” sionally, his current self would make a side comment about the Armenian but didn’t know what I was reading. The same thing But knowing this, I still wanted to learn Armenian. Our folk loss of that lifestyle), in the freshness of spring, his head wet with happened to my best friend. The problem was that the teacher music and our badarak, which I loved, were sung in that lan- the morning dew. And I suppose when I heard that voice, I heard assumed all of our parents spoke Armenian, and that we could guage. It didn’t make you a “real” Armenian either way, but it the voice of myself, when I was twelve, and I had eagerly, inno- practice with them. I realized this problem quickly and told my held the key to a deeper understanding of our culture. We have cently asked how I could learn the language of my forefathers. mother I wanted to quit. But the goal of learning Armenian books upon books written in Armenian, and they are not ever I am writing this to implore the youth of my generation, the burned within me. During my high school years, I had an going to all be translated into English. In those books are the 4th generation born in America, to learn Armenian. But do not Armenian-English dictionary and tried to form words and sen- riches of our culture. And we can say the same about folk songs let anyone tell you that you “have to learn it” to be Armenian. tences using it. I practiced the alphabet, scribbling my name in and even everyday conversation, the feel, the rhythm, the That is nonsense, even from the most conservative historical Armenian in the margins of my notebooks. Finally, I found a idiomatic phrases of the language. And what about visiting point of view. Do not learn it because you feel an obligation. Do clever way to learn things from my grandmother and aunts. The Armenia? What about speaking Armenian to visitors from over- not learn it because someone made fun of you for not knowing three of them would speak Armenian to each other in restau- seas? What about passing on our heritage for goodness’ sake! it. Do not learn it because you don’t feel Armenian enough. rants very frequently. They would use it when they didn’t want And so, when I went to college at the University of Michigan, Instead learn it because it is your birthright. Learn it because it someone to know what they were saying. If a wild looking char- I took four semesters of Modern Western Armenian under one is the key to unlocking the treasures of your heritage. Learn it acter entered the restaurant, one of them would say “Asi ov e? of the greatest living scholars of the language, a product himself because it is beautiful, as beautiful as a spring breeze or morn- Naye, marte khent e.” This always seemed to happen at the same of the Armenian schools of the Middle East, Prof. Kevork ing dew. Learn it because it is a secret language. Learn it so you restaurant, which we frequented once a week. One day, I tried a Bardakjian. I put more effort into it than any of my other class- can use it in real life. Learn it because it is the language of your new experiment. If they said a phrase I didn’t know, I would ask es. After all, it was undergrad, and people said it was the time to great-grandparents. Learn it so, just maybe, you can one day them afterward what it meant. I would also try to get them to “take whatever classes you like.” I frequently called my grand- teach your children. Learn it because you are Armenian enough. explain each word in the phrase. mother to get her take on some of the phrases, because I want- It was around this time that I learned the history of why some ed generational transmission to be an important part of my (Harry Kezelian is a resident of Detroit.) S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR 19 COMMENTARY

police harassment. During the year, Protestants, Jehovah’s Surprisingly, even the possession of the Holy Qur’an could Witnesses, and some Muslim groups were targeted, with some be illegal in Azerbaijan. “In February 2018, MUM [Muslim members of the Muslim community being forced to endure an Unity Movement] leader and Shi’a Muslim theologian Taleh additional layer of scrutiny by authorities who suspect and Bagirov (also known by the surname Bagirzade) received an seek to limit Iranian-government influence or subversive additional five-month sentence for allegedly possessing micro- My Turn activity in the country.” discs containing the text and audio recordings of the Qur’an,” The Annual Report also stated that “Nongovernmental as USCIRF reported. By Harut Sassounian organizations (NGOs) contended that approximately 68 pris- Another major religious violation is the closure of places of oners of conscience — many of whom are members of the worship. “In 2018, mosques that the government purported- Muslim Unity Movement (MUM) — remained imprisoned in ly had closed for repairs remained shut down years after their US Lists Azerbaijan and Turkey Azerbaijan on religious grounds. Throughout 2018, claims of closure and with no official timeline for the completion of the Among Most Egregious Violators “systemic and endemic” torture persisted, particularly against renovations or the mosques’ reopening. Critics of the closures members of the MUM.” believe it is part of a government effort to target Muslims who of Religious Freedom Azerbaijan’s dictatorial regime controls the activities of reli- are considered ‘radical.’ The Ashur Mosque, also known as gious groups by requiring them to register. USCIRF reported the Lezgi Mosque, located in the Old City of Baku, was closed The United States Commission on International Religious that those “denied registration or refuse to register on theo- in July 2016 despite protests from the local Muslim commu- Freedom (USCIRF) issued on April 29, 2019, its Annual logical grounds are considered ‘illegal’ and may face police nity, which expressed concern that the repairs were an excuse Report listing the “world’s most egregious violators of reli- raids, detainment, arrests, or fines.” Several Christian groups and part of an attempt by the government to disperse the gious freedom,” among which, not surprisingly, are active in Azerbaijan, such as Baptists and Jehovah’s community. At the end of the reporting period, the mosque Azerbaijan and Turkey. Both states are categorized as Witnesses “continue to be unable to register.” In some cases, remained closed. During the year, numerous other “nontradi- “Countries of Particular Concern.” the government delays the process of registration for years tional” home mosques throughout Baku and other regions, USCIRF, as an independent, bi-partisan commission, advis- due to “technical flaws” in their applications. “For example, including one that was apparently connected to the es the President, Congress and the Secretary of State on Jehovah’s Witnesses have sought registration in the city of Naqshbandi Sufi community, continued to face raids and clo- international religious freedom issues. In its Annual Report, Ganja since 2010 and have yet to receive a response on their sure…. In April 2018, the new building of the Haji Javad USCIRF describes threats to religious freedom around the most recently submitted application from May 2016. Baptists Mosque in the Yasamal District of Baku was completed. The world and recommends to the State Department countries for in the village of Aliabad outside of Zaqatala have similarly original mosque had been destroyed amid protests in July designation as “countries of particular concern” for engaging sought registration since 1994 and been denied. They have 2017,” the USCIRF reported. in or tolerating “systematic, ongoing, egregious violations.” reportedly been informed that they cannot even meet to cel- The Report also covered raids on homes and centers where Contrary to Azerbaijan’s leaders’ repeated false claims of ebrate Christmas together.” religious services were being held without the group being “tolerance” in their country and propaganda by various for- The USCIRF reported: “In 2014, the European Court of registered by the government. The Report cites the harass- eign Rabbis and Protestant leaders, the USCIRF Report Human Rights noted that the law gives officials ‘unlimited ment of the members of the East Pentecostal Church and asserted that the “government continued to control religious discretionary power’ to define and prosecute ‘illegal’ religious Jehovah’s Witnesses. In addition, several members of activities through the 2009 Law on Freedom of Religion and activity.” Jehovah’s Witnesses were prosecuted for their objection to related amendments of the administrative and criminal codes, Furthermore, “in 2018, Azerbaijan underwent its Universal serve in the military, despite a provision in the Azerbaijan’s which require religious communities to register with the gov- Periodic Review at the United Nations. Several countries constitution that allows alternate service for conscientious ernment and criminalize all unregistered religious activity. In expressed concerns about religious freedom conditions in objectors. a positive development, four non-Muslim religious communi- Azerbaijan — such as mandatory registration requirements; Finally, the Aliyev government has confiscated all religious ties received registration from the government. However, restrictions on nontraditional religious communities and the materials that had not received approval prior to being pro- throughout the year, local police forces continued to harass, ability, generally, of religious groups to practice in private and duced or imported into Azerbaijan. “The sale and distribution raid, detain, and fine religious communities that did not com- in public; and individuals imprisoned and tortured for their of religious literature can only be carried out at preapproved ply with registration requirements and various restrictions on beliefs. In addition, civil society organizations submitted similar stores or sites,” according to the USCIRF. the production, possession, and dissemination of religious lit- information and recommendations about religious freedom Next week, we will cover the violations of religious free- erature, although one community did report a lessening in concerns in Azerbaijan,” according to the USCIRF Report. doms in Turkey.

the coast of Palestine, and where you find olive trees, the artist is talking about [areas far- ther inland].” Why First Intifada is As the intifada helped open Palestine to the rest of the world and highlighted the Palestinians’ discontent, artists felt required to introduce more depth to their work and raise the level of creativity. “[Before the intifada], it was very hard to get art books,” Mansour explained to Al-Monitor. Back on Middle East At Dar El-Nimer Barakat had said, “The intifada led us to change. At the time we were conventional. We changed from symbolism to new visuals. We used local materials, we stopped working in simple symbols like the olive tree, keffiyeh and villages. We instead start- ed to make art that went deeper.” This development manifested itself in more abstract art, as seen in Tamari’s work with Art Ccene clay. Prior to the intifada, the Palestinian village was painted almost as a form of docu- mentation, recording the architecture and natural environment. After 1987, however, Tamari incorporated clay from the land itself and even used broken traditional pottery to By Sam Brennan represent the history and reality of Palestine without relying on the usual symbols. “At one point art was a documentation of reality using aesthetic means, but nowadays I think that new art is much more real.… It has additional layers of explanation and repre- ALESTINIAN ART has always brought the struggle for freedom sentation,” Tamari said, although the old symbols still sometimes creep into new abstract and the [Israeli] occupation to the people of the world,” Vera works. Tamari, a multidisciplinary artist, said to Al-Monitor. “A lot of the In tandem with the discussion, Dar El-Nimer opened an exhibition featuring pieces by the art that came out in the 1970s and 1980s reflected this through artists, “Challenges of Identity,” which runs through May 11. Tamari is showcasing a new “ the symbolism of the time, but there has been a change of repre- work consisting of six meter-long sheets of collaged fabric that combine images of women sentation in Palestinian art. It has become more authentic in and an olive tree. many ways.” “I always use the theme of the olive tree,” Tamari told Al-Monitor. “[I also] previously On April 30, the Beirut-based Dar El-Nimer for Arts and used women in art, as a [matriarch], a person who is hard working and rooted in the land P Culture, a Palestinian cultural organization, hosted four promi- and is a symbol of authenticity, and I always admired the dexterity of Palestinian nent figures and founders of the Palestinian contemporary art women.” She emphasized, “The woman is like the olive tree,” underscoring the durability scene — Nabil Anani, Sliman Mansour, Tayseer Barakat and Tamari — to discuss the move- of both with the passage of time. The combining of symbols and use of unconventional ment. Of particular focus was how their works had changed after the first intifada, the five- materials is emblematic of how contemporary art changed after the intifada. year-long uprising that began in 1987, two decades into the Israeli occupation of the West Mansour noted that while events like the intifada revolutionized the work of Palestinian Bank, Golan Heights and Gaza stemming from the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. artists, current events — like the Great Return March launched in 2018 in Gaza, during “Our perception of art changed during the intifada,” Mansour told the audience. “When which Israeli forces killed some 200 Palestinians — are unlikely to have a similar effect. we started, we were very young, in our early 20s, and we wanted to set up a group for The modern artists do not have a singular agenda anymore, Mansour said. artists. The occupation forces were completely against this association,… but we were young “The young generation now are open to many ideas, and they have seen lots of artwork,” and revolutionary and had lots of energy.” Mansour said. “Young artists know about art history, and they are doing what they want to Their energy was channeled into a string of galleries and artist associations. The out- do. They already have this.” fits would periodically ran into trouble with Israeli authorities, so names were often Despite the growing sophistication of both artists and audiences, works made prior to the changed and locations moved to avoid suppression. intifada remain salient for many, with political posters Mansour made in the 1970s and The art produced in those early years, although not lacking in passion, did not to fully 1980s being reprinted and re-emerging online and in shops. Mansour is not particularly encapsulate the complex political situation and discontent of the people at the time. optimistic about this revival, telling Al-Monitor, “I think this is because nothing has changed Mansour said, “As an artist [before1987], I thought we were documenting the past, but on the ground. The occupation is still there.… Many people have developed bourgeois atti- we had to move to another level because we were not in harmony with the people in the tudes [and become comfortable], while others are very angry. So, nothing has changed from street.” 40 years ago, and art is a part of that.” He further explained, “We were living in … a cultural ghetto. We didn’t know what was The four artists believe that the shift they made in the late 1980s to produce more con- going on in the rest of the Arab world or the world in general. We thought we created some- ceptual and novel art will be carried forward by others in the future. thing great, but when we looked at other artists, we were just normal.” “The new generation is very intelligent,” Bakarat told Al-Monitor. “They know new media, Before the intifada, much of the work produced by Palestinian artists played on explicit and they have been everywhere in the world, and they send our message to the outside symbols and involved traditional artistic styles. The symbols eventually became a language world. They are competent, [fresh] and have a vision. This is perfect.” in and of themselves. “Orange trees are a symbol of Palestine, or a part of Palestine that was occupied before 1967, while olive trees represent a part that was occupied after 1967,” Anani explained to (Sam Brennan is a Beirut-based freelance journalist who writes on culture, technology and Al-Monitor. “So, in a work where you find oranges, it means that the artist is talking about politics. This commentary originally appeared in Al Monitor on May 3.) 20 S ATURDAY, M AY 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 T HE A RMENIAN M IRROR -S PECTATOR Future Generations Carry Memories of the Past

MEMORIES, from page 1 Armenian Genocide. The testimonies of hun- and I will only escape when I am six feet deep While selecting what clips to include in her mul- The aptly-titled project is a seven-minute dreds of survivors can now be found at the USC under the ground because I cannot forget as timedia project, she aimed to convey the duali- video Barba created that brought to life the con- Shoah Foundation in Los Angeles. long as I am alive.” ty of life — both the horror and beauty her cept of post-memory through video footage, The focal point of the video is footage of Although Christina was only 4 at the time of grandfather had experienced and that her photos and narration, weaving together three Barba’s grandfather, Andranik, describing his filming, when she watched the footage, she, mother carries with her. generations of voices: her grandfather Andranik “I wanted to particularize my grandfather’s Donpet Vartanian, who was born in Mush in life so as to portray him as more than a victim 1900 and at the age of 15 became an Armenian since his life was far more complicated and Genocide survivor; his only child, Susan beautiful than that,” said Barba. Vartanian Barba, born in Tehran in 1939 and In contrast to her mother’s upbringing in a later immigrated to the United States; and home where her genocide survivor father Susan’s daughter, Christina Barba, born in New remained quiet on the topic, Barba remembers Jersey in 1979. her grandfather speaking about his escape from “A goal I had in creating the video was to the Armenian Genocide “freely.” make explicit the legacy that my mother carries “He had a way of speaking metaphorically, as the child of a genocide survivor and implicit almost like a poet,” she said. “Even when I was in the work is the legacy that I carry,” said young, he was able to tell me about what he Barba, an attorney who works in the public sec- lived through without it being terrifying.” tor. “My legacy as a granddaughter of a geno- Barba’s childhood experiences and the time cide survivor has been a deeply-rooted motiva- she spent with her grandfather helped shape tor throughout my adult life.” her Armenian identity, so much so that her It was this impetus that enabled Barba to friends who weren’t Armenian learned about have a deep interest in conveying the oral his- the history and culture when visiting her home. tories of second-generation Armenian Genocide In addition to learning about the significance survivors, like her mother, and it was a subject of her Armenian heritage, her family also she was sure of pursuing when enrolling at encouraged education and the value of living a Columbia. As a participant of the Oral History life that positively contributed to society, a les- program, Barba liked the idea of a “dialogic son she has carried with her throughout her encounter about the past where the interviewee professional career. This photo was taken in 1945 before the family moved from Tehran, Iran to the US. is given authority.” “When I was growing up, both my parents “I always knew that I wanted to do something and grandparents constantly emphasized the with my mother’s story, who worked with my importance of education and encouraged me and grandfather in taking his testimony” said experiences in the Armenian Genocide in the too, became a witness to her grandfather’s my sister to do something meaningful with our Barba. “It was kismet when I came across my presence of his daughter, Susan, as she hears story and the transmission of memory and lives,” said Barba. As a law student, she coordi- grandfather’s video footage and I was positive I her father recount his first-hand memories that inherited trauma. nated The Genocide Teaching Project, which wanted to include it in my exhibit.” are filled with sorrow and survival. One “Oral historians are always interested in how educated high school students about genocide. While Barba’s grandfather remained tight- moment in particular causes Susan’s eyes to memories are passed from one generation to After she graduated, she spent a chunk of her lipped about his suffering in the Armenian well with tears, as her father remembers being another,” said Amy Starecheski, PhD, Director career as an Assistant District Attorney at the Genocide, he slowly began to share his account forced by Turkish soldiers to play Russian of Columbia’s Oral History MA Program. “By Bronx County District Attorney Office, where with his family as he grew older. In 1983, he Roulette, a tragic instance that resulted in the documenting that process with one family’s she prosecuted public corruption, a move she agreed to have some of his testimony filmed as death of his childhood friend. story of the Armenian Genocide, Christina says was “strongly inspired by a desire to utilize part of a project spearheaded by J. Michael “That memory, like a nightmare, weighs on shows us, in beautiful detail and in real time, the court system to ferret out the truth and to Hagopian, founder of the Armenian Film my mind night and day,” Andranik says in the how an experience becomes a story, and a story seek justice for victims of crime.” Foundation, that sought to preserve the visual video, reflecting on that dreadful day 68 years is continually brought to life as it is retold.” Although over a century has passed since the and personal histories of the witnesses to the ago. “It has become a nightmare on my soul Barba’s project traced the theoretical concept Armenian Genocide, Barba feels that exhibits of post-memory that was coined by Marianne such as hers make it “very apparent that the Hirsch, the William Peterfield Trent Professor of Armenian Genocide is still affecting us,” noting English and Comparative Literature at Columbia that the impact of the genocide transcends into University, back in 1992. Originally used to the present day. describe the relationship between the children of “Its legacy continues today,” said Barba. Holocaust survivors and the memories of their “Not only through the children and grandchil- parents, it now refers to relationships of later dren of survivors, but how we carry on as a civ- generations who know about the trauma only ilization, and how various works of art or aca- through stories, images and behaviors. demic works are seeking to transmit knowledge Through her exhibit, Barba highlights how and memory to a wider audience, not just to the following generations were affected by the commemorate and memorialize.” Armenian Genocide and their reaction towards To view Barba’s video, visit http://oralhisto- it, particularly in terms of the emotions felt in ry.columbia.edu/living-in-the-shadow-of-the- response to Turkey’s denial of the massacres. armenian-genocide?rq=living%20in%20the